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Barakat A, Jasuja R, Tomlinson L, Wenzel Z, Ramaiah L, Petterson BA, Kapinos B, Sawant A, Pagan V, Lintner N, Field D, Ahn Y, Knee KM. Effects of 2,3-DPG knockout on SCD phenotype in Townes SCD model mice. Am J Hematol 2023; 98:1838-1846. [PMID: 37688507 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.27082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a severe, multisystemic hematological disorder that impacts nearly every major organ in adults. The current approved treatments for SCD directly target mutant hemoglobin or address downstream disease pathology. Several compounds targeting reduction of 2,3-DPG by activation of Pyruvate Kinase-R are currently being evaluated in SCD patients. In this study, we genetically engineered a mouse lacking 2,3-DPG on the Townes SCD mouse model background and evaluated the effects of 2,3-DPG loss on disease pathology. Animals lacking 2,3-DPG showed improvements in hematological markers and reductions in RBC sickling relative to native Townes mice, however, minimal difference in organ damage was observed in 2,3-DPG deficient mice compared to native Townes animals. When animals lacking 2,3-DPG were dosed with a compound designed to increase hemoglobin oxygen affinity, oxygen delivery related toxicity was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amey Barakat
- Rare Disease Research Unit, Worldwide Research, Development, and Medical, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Reema Jasuja
- Rare Disease Research Unit, Worldwide Research, Development, and Medical, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lindsay Tomlinson
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Worldwide Research, Development, and Medical, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Zane Wenzel
- Discovery Sciences, Worldwide Research, Development, and Medical, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lila Ramaiah
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Worldwide Research, Development, and Medical, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Betty A Petterson
- Drug Safety Research and Development, Worldwide Research, Development, and Medical, Pfizer Inc, Groton, Connecticut, USA
| | - Brendon Kapinos
- Discovery Sciences, Worldwide Research, Development, and Medical, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anagha Sawant
- Rare Disease Research Unit, Worldwide Research, Development, and Medical, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Vicente Pagan
- Rare Disease Research Unit, Worldwide Research, Development, and Medical, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Nathanael Lintner
- Biomedicine Design, Worldwide Research, Development, and Medical, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Denise Field
- Medicine Design, Worldwide Research, Development, and Medical, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Youngwook Ahn
- Target Sciences, Worldwide Research, Development, and Medical, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kelly M Knee
- Rare Disease Research Unit, Worldwide Research, Development, and Medical, Pfizer Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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2
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Pleiotropic consequences of metabolic stress for the major histocompatibility complex class II molecule antigen processing and presentation machinery. Immunity 2021; 54:721-736.e10. [PMID: 33725478 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2021.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia are often observed in individuals with type II diabetes (T2D) and related mouse models. One dysmetabolic biochemical consequence is the non-enzymatic reaction between sugars, lipids, and proteins, favoring protein glycation, glycoxidation, and lipoxidation. Here, we identified oxidative alterations in key components of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecule antigen processing and presentation machinery in vivo under conditions of hyperglycemia-induced metabolic stress. These modifications were linked to epitope-specific changes in endosomal processing efficiency, MHC class II-peptide binding, and DM editing activity. Moreover, we observed some quantitative and qualitative changes in the MHC class II immunopeptidome of Ob/Ob mice on a high-fat diet compared with controls, including changes in the presentation of an apolipoprotein B100 peptide associated previously with T2D and metabolic syndrome-related clinical complications. These findings highlight a link between glycation reactions and altered MHC class II antigen presentation that may contribute to T2D complications.
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3
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Patil GV, Joshi RS, Kazi RS, Kulsange SE, Kulkarni MJ. A possible role of glycation in the regulation of amyloid β precursor protein processing leading to amyloid β accumulation. Med Hypotheses 2020; 142:109799. [PMID: 32388478 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is one of the most common forms of neurodegenerative diseases amongst the aged population. The disease is multifactorial, and diabetes has been considered as one of the major risk factors for the development of AD. Chronic hyperglycemic condition in diabetes promotes non-enzymatic protein modification by glucose termed as glycation, which affects protein structure and function. Previous studies have shown that many of the enzymes, including proteases, are affected by glycation. Conversely, glycated proteins are known to become resistant to protease action. In these hypotheses, we have extended these two concepts to the regulation of amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) by secretases leading to amyloid-β (Aβ) accumulation. The first hypothesis deals with the glycation of α-secretases leading to its reduced activity, while in the second hypothesis, AβPP glycation may prevent α-secretases action, rendering its processing by β secretase. As diabetes is a risk factor for the development of AD, either or both these pathways may operate, leading to the manifestation of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gouri V Patil
- Proteomics Facility, Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Pune 411008, India
| | - Rakesh S Joshi
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Rubina S Kazi
- Proteomics Facility, Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Pune 411008, India
| | - Shabda E Kulsange
- Proteomics Facility, Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Pune 411008, India
| | - Mahesh J Kulkarni
- Proteomics Facility, Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Pune 411008, India.
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Espina-Benitez MB, Randon J, Demesmay C, Dugas V. Back to BAC: Insights into Boronate Affinity Chromatography Interaction Mechanisms. SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2017.1365085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Betzabeth Espina-Benitez
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Jérôme Randon
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Claire Demesmay
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Vincent Dugas
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, ENS de Lyon, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, Villeurbanne, France
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Rabbani N, Ashour A, Thornalley PJ. Mass spectrometric determination of early and advanced glycation in biology. Glycoconj J 2016; 33:553-68. [PMID: 27438287 PMCID: PMC4975772 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-016-9709-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Protein glycation in biological systems occurs predominantly on lysine, arginine and N-terminal residues of proteins. Major quantitative glycation adducts are found at mean extents of modification of 1-5 mol percent of proteins. These are glucose-derived fructosamine on lysine and N-terminal residues of proteins, methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone on arginine residues and N(ε)-carboxymethyl-lysine residues mainly formed by the oxidative degradation of fructosamine. Total glycation adducts of different types are quantified by stable isotopic dilution analysis liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in multiple reaction monitoring mode. Metabolism of glycated proteins is followed by LC-MS/MS of glycation free adducts as minor components of the amino acid metabolome. Glycated proteins and sites of modification within them - amino acid residues modified by the glycating agent moiety - are identified and quantified by label-free and stable isotope labelling with amino acids in cell culture (SILAC) high resolution mass spectrometry. Sites of glycation by glucose and methylglyoxal in selected proteins are listed. Key issues in applying proteomics techniques to analysis of glycated proteins are: (i) avoiding compromise of analysis by formation, loss and relocation of glycation adducts in pre-analytic processing; (ii) specificity of immunoaffinity enrichment procedures, (iii) maximizing protein sequence coverage in mass spectrometric analysis for detection of glycation sites, and (iv) development of bioinformatics tools for prediction of protein glycation sites. Protein glycation studies have important applications in biology, ageing and translational medicine - particularly on studies of obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, renal failure, neurological disorders and cancer. Mass spectrometric analysis of glycated proteins has yet to find widespread use clinically. Future use in health screening, disease diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring, and drug and functional food development is expected. A protocol for high resolution mass spectrometry proteomics of glycated proteins is given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naila Rabbani
- Warwick Systems Biology Centre, Senate House, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Amal Ashour
- Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, Warwick Medical School, University Hospital, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
| | - Paul J Thornalley
- Warwick Systems Biology Centre, Senate House, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- Clinical Sciences Research Laboratories, Warwick Medical School, University Hospital, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV2 2DX, UK
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Durussel J, Haile DW, Mooses K, Daskalaki E, Beattie W, Mooses M, Mekonen W, Ongaro N, Anjila E, Patel RK, Padmanabhan N, McBride MW, McClure JD, Pitsiladis YP. Blood transcriptional signature of recombinant human erythropoietin administration and implications for antidoping strategies. Physiol Genomics 2016; 48:202-9. [DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00108.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) is frequently abused by athletes as a performance-enhancing drug, despite being prohibited by the World Anti-Doping Agency. Although the methods to detect blood doping, including rHuEPO injections, have improved in recent years, they remain imperfect. In a proof-of-principle study, we identified, replicated, and validated the whole blood transcriptional signature of rHuEPO in endurance-trained Caucasian males at sea level ( n = 18) and Kenyan endurance runners at moderate altitude ( n = 20), all of whom received rHuEPO injections for 4 wk. Transcriptional profiling shows that hundreds of transcripts were altered by rHuEPO in both cohorts. The main regulated expression pattern, observed in all participants, was characterized by a “rebound” effect with a profound upregulation during rHuEPO and a subsequent downregulation up to 4 wk postadministration. The functions of the identified genes were mainly related to the functional and structural properties of the red blood cell. Of the genes identified to be differentially expressed during and post-rHuEPO, we further confirmed a whole blood 34-transcript signature that can distinguish between samples collected pre-, during, and post-rHuEPO administration. By providing biomarkers that can reveal rHuEPO use, our findings represent an advance in the development of new methods for the detection of blood doping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Durussel
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | | | - Kerli Mooses
- Faculty of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Evangelia Daskalaki
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Wendy Beattie
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Martin Mooses
- Faculty of Sport and Exercise Sciences, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Wondyefraw Mekonen
- Department of Medical Physiology, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Neford Ongaro
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya; and
| | - Edwin Anjila
- Department of Medical Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya; and
| | - Rajan K. Patel
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Neal Padmanabhan
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Martin W. McBride
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - John D. McClure
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Yannis P. Pitsiladis
- FIMS Reference Collaborating Centre of Sports Medicine for Anti-Doping Research, University of Brighton, Eastbourne, United Kingdom
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SÁENZ-SUÁREZ H, POUTOU-PIÑALES RA, GONZÁLEZ-SANTOS J, BARRETO GE, RIETO-NAVARRERA LP, SÁENZ-MORENO JA, LANDÁZURI P, BARRERA-AVELLANEDA LA. Prediction of glycation sites: new insights from protein structural analysis. Turk J Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.3906/biy-1501-71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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8
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Kulkarni MJ, Korwar AM, Mary S, Bhonsle HS, Giri AP. Glycated proteome: from reaction to intervention. Proteomics Clin Appl 2014. [PMID: 23184864 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201200101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glycation, a nonenzymatic reaction between reducing sugars and proteins, is a proteome wide phenomenon, predominantly observed in diabetes due to hyperglycemia. Glycated proteome of plasma, kidney, lens, and brain are implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases, including diabetic complications, neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and aging. This review discusses the strategies to characterize protein glycation, its functional implications in different diseases, and intervention strategies to protect the deleterious effects of protein glycation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh J Kulkarni
- Proteomics Facility, Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India.
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9
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Amperometric biosensor based on immobilization of acetylcholinesterase via specific binding on biocompatible boronic acid-functionalized Fe@Au magnetic nanoparticles. J Solid State Electrochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-012-1812-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Whitton GB, Dhanireddy R, Jain SK. Effect of prematurity on protein glycosylation in the newborn. Pediatr Int 2011; 53:480-2. [PMID: 21486378 DOI: 10.1111/j.1442-200x.2011.03379.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glycohemoglobins (GHb) are the products of irreversible non-enzymatic reactions between glucose and the hemoglobin molecule. Glycosylation of proteins in general can modify protein structure and alter catalytic properties, thereby causing cellular dysfunction. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that protein glycosylation levels in premature infants are elevated compared with full-term infants (neonates). Blood GHb levels in pre-term and full-term infants were studied, and the in vitro glycosylation of erythrocytes obtained from both pre-term and full-term infants was assessed. METHODS Cord-blood from 31 pre-term and 11 full-term infants was collected and GHb levels were determined using affinity columns. Erythrocytes from the cord blood of 17 additional infants (eight pre-term, ≤ 36 weeks gestation, and nine full-term, ≥ 37 weeks gestation) were obtained and incubated for 24 h in a high-glucose medium. Baseline and post-incubation GHb levels were calculated to determine the in vitro susceptibility of pre-term versus full-term infants to glycosylation. RESULTS Blood GHb levels were significantly higher (P < 0.01) in full-term compared with pre-term infants. The percent increase in GHb formation in vitro was similar between the erythrocytes of full-term and those of pre-term infants. CONCLUSION Contrary to the original hypothesis, the erythrocytes of pre-term infants do not show increased glycosylation of proteins when compared with those of full-term infants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald B Whitton
- Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center-Shreveport, Shreveport, Louisiana 71130, USA
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11
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Yohannes E, Chang J, Tar MT, Davies KP, Chance MR. Molecular targets for diabetes mellitus-associated erectile dysfunction. Mol Cell Proteomics 2009; 9:565-78. [PMID: 20007950 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m900286-mcp200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein expression profiles in rat corporal smooth muscle tissue were compared between animal models of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus (STZ-DM) and age-matched controls (AMCs) at 1 week and 2 months after induction of hyperglycemia with STZ treatment. At each time point, protein samples from four STZ-DM and four AMC rat corpora tissues were prepared independently and analyzed together across multiple quantitative two-dimensional gels using a pooled internal standard sample to quantify expression changes with statistical confidence. A total of 170 spots were differential expressed among the four experimental groups. A subsequent mass spectrometry analysis of the 170 spots identified a total of 57 unique proteins. Network analysis of these proteins using MetaCore suggested altered activity of transcriptional factors that are of too low abundance to be detected by the two-dimensional gel method. The proteins that were down-regulated with diabetes include isoforms of collagen that are precursors to fibril-forming collagen type 1; Hsp47, which assists and mediates the proper folding of procollagen; and several proteins whose abundance is controlled by sex hormones (e.g. CRP1 and A2U). On the other hand, proteins seen or predicted to be up-regulated include proteins involved in cell apoptosis (e.g. p53, 14-3-3-gamma, Serpinf1, Cct4, Cct5, and Sepina3n), proteins that neutralize the biological activity of nerve growth factor (e.g. anti-NGF 30), and proteins involved in lipid metabolism (e.g. apoA-I and apoA-IV). Subsequent Western blot validation analysis of p53, 14-3-3-gamma, and Hsp47 confirmed increased p53 and 14-3-3-gamma and decreased Hsp47 levels in separate samples. According to the results from the Western blot analysis, Hsp47 protein showed a approximately 3-fold decrease at 1 week and was virtually undetectable at 2 months in diabetic versus control. Taken together, our results identify novel candidate proteins playing a role in erectile dysfunction in diabetes resulting from STZ treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Yohannes
- Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
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12
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Preinerstorfer B, Lämmerhofer M, Lindner W. Synthesis and application of novel phenylboronate affinity materials based on organic polymer particles for selective trapping of glycoproteins. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:1673-85. [PMID: 19472289 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We report on synthesis concepts for the fabrication of various novel phenylboronate affinity materials based on polymethacrylate epoxy beads (Fractogel EMD Epoxy (M) 40-90 microm) and the testing of these functionalized polymer particles for selective trapping of a glycoprotein from a standard mixture containing a glycosylated and a nonglycosylated protein. Two inherently different approaches for the functionalization of the bare beads with boronate groups have been elucidated. In the first, the epoxy residues of the polymer particles were converted into reactive thiol groups which were subsequently used as anchor moieties for the immobilization of 4-vinylphenylboronic acid by radical addition or radical polymerization reaction. Three different ways for the generation of sulfhydryl groups have been examined leading to materials with distinct linker chemistries. In the second and more straightforward approach, the epoxy groups were reacted with 4-mercaptophenylboronic acid. The novel materials were thoroughly characterized by (i) quantitation of the sulfur content by elemental analysis, (ii) reactive sulfhydryls were determined in a photospectrometric assay, (iii) boron content was measured by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry, and (iv) the amount of reactive boronate groups was evaluated in a fast binding assay employing adenosine as test compound. A maximum concentration of 1.2 mmol boronate groups per gram dry beads could be achieved by the presented synthesis routes. Employing the novel phenylboronate affinity materials in capture and release experiments in the batch mode, a standard glycoprotein, viz. transferrin (Tf) from human serum was separated from a nonglycosylated protein, BSA. A commercial boronate affinity material based on 3-aminophenylboronic acid modified agarose gel was employed as reference material and was found to perform significantly worse compared to the herein presented novel polymethacrylate particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrix Preinerstorfer
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Molecular Recognition Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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13
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Massicotte L, Coenen K, Mourot M, Sirard MA. Maternal housekeeping proteins translated during bovine oocyte maturation and early embryo development. Proteomics 2006; 6:3811-20. [PMID: 16739132 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200500803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Protein synthesis from maternal mRNA is needed to sustain oocyte maturation and embryo development prior to the maternal-embryonic transition (MET). Therefore, proteins that are expressed throughout this time are important and may be considered as maternal housekeeping proteins (MHKP). Our objectives were first, identify the translated protein patterns of bovine embryo development and secondly, determine the MHKP. Proteins synthesized during oocyte maturation and embryo development (2, 4 and 8-cell stages) were labeled using [S(35)]-Met and [S(35)]-Cys, and visualized by 2-DE. Embryos were cultured with alpha-amanitine to inhibit new transcription. Only 46 proteins were present throughout all stages. Ten spots were identified by MALDI-TOF and MS/MS: HSC71; HSP70; CypA; UCH-L1; GSTM5; Cct5; E-FABP; 2,3-BPGM, ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2D3; and beta-actin/gamma-actin. A new method called in silico protein identification confirmation was developed using EST databases. This method is a promising approach for use in rare tissue or from species with an incomplete protein database. This study has revealed that the translated protein patterns show a transition that brings the embryo to the MET. The needs in translated proteins between oocyte maturation and embryo development are different. In summary, this study represents the bases for future proteomics studies on bovine oocytes and embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyne Massicotte
- Centre de Recherche en Biologie de la Reproduction, Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada
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14
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Abstract
Exon shuffling, a major mechanism of gene evolution, scrambles existing sequences to create new genes. However, is it possible for an exon to be created from scratch? Here we conduct a survey of rat and mouse genomes and identify 2302 putative rodent-specific exons absent from the human genome. Analysis of rodent transcripts supporting these exons indicates that over half appear to be alternatively spliced in genes orthologous between rodents and human. This study demonstrates the importance of sequencing genomes from multiple species to accurately document the evolution of gene structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Nekrutenko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Huck Institute for Life Sciences, and Center for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics, Penn State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
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15
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Maitin V, Rastall R. Enzyme glycation influences product yields during oligosaccharide synthesis by reverse hydrolysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2004.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Whitney AR, Diehn M, Popper SJ, Alizadeh AA, Boldrick JC, Relman DA, Brown PO. Individuality and variation in gene expression patterns in human blood. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2003; 100:1896-901. [PMID: 12578971 PMCID: PMC149930 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.252784499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 584] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The nature and extent of interindividual and temporal variation in gene expression patterns in specific cells and tissues is an important and relatively unexplored issue in human biology. We surveyed variation in gene expression patterns in peripheral blood from 75 healthy volunteers by using cDNA microarrays. Characterization of the variation in gene expression in healthy tissue is an essential foundation for the recognition and interpretation of the changes in these patterns associated with infections and other diseases, and peripheral blood was selected because it is a uniquely accessible tissue in which to examine this variation in patients or healthy volunteers in a clinical setting. Specific features of interindividual variation in gene expression patterns in peripheral blood could be traced to variation in the relative proportions of specific blood cell subsets; other features were correlated with gender, age, and the time of day at which the sample was taken. An analysis of multiple sequential samples from the same individuals allowed us to discern donor-specific patterns of gene expression. These data help to define human individuality and provide a database with which disease-associated gene expression patterns can be compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline R Whitney
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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17
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Bond CS, White MF, Hunter WN. Mechanistic implications for Escherichia coli cofactor-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase based on the high-resolution crystal structure of a vanadate complex. J Mol Biol 2002; 316:1071-81. [PMID: 11884145 DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.2002.5418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The structure of Escherichia coli cofactor-dependent phosphoglycerate mutase (dPGM), complexed with the potent inhibitor vanadate, has been determined to a resolution of 1.30 A (R-factor 0.159; R-free 0.213). The inhibitor is present in the active site, principally as divanadate, but with evidence of additional vanadate moieties at either end, and representing a different binding mode to that observed in the structural homologue prostatic acid phosphatase. The analysis reveals the enzyme-ligand interactions involved in inhibition of the mutase activity by vanadate and identifies a water molecule, observed in the native E.coli dPGM structure which, once activated by vanadate, may dephosphorylate the active protein. Rather than reflecting the active conformation previously observed for E.coli dPGM, the inhibited protein's conformation resembles that of the inactive dephosphorylated Saccharomyces cerevisiae dPGM. The provision of a high-resolution structure of both active and inactive forms of dPGM from a single organism, in conjunction with computational modelling of substrate molecules in the active site provides insight into the binding of substrates and the specific interactions necessary for three different activities, mutase, synthase and phosphatase, within a single active site. The sequence similarity of E.coli and human dPGMs allows us to correlate structure with clinical pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles S Bond
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Microbiology, Wellcome Trust Biocentre, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK
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