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Lequin M, Colard T, Colombo A, Le Cabec A, Remy F, Schuh A. Investigating Development in Human Evolution: Specificities, Challenges, and Opportunities. Evol Anthropol 2025; 34:e70001. [PMID: 40033652 PMCID: PMC11876724 DOI: 10.1002/evan.70001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2025] [Accepted: 01/31/2025] [Indexed: 03/05/2025]
Abstract
Unlike developmental biologists, paleoanthropologists primarily investigate development using skeletal remains, specifically fossilized and already-formed bones and teeth. Focusing on peri- and/or postnatal growth, they reconstruct development from fragmented "snapshots" of individual trajectories at various ontogenetic stages. These constraints prompt a discussion of what defines development versus growth, and its boundaries in studies of hominin evolution. We explore how paleoanthropologists address the limitations of the fossil record by using diverse methodological and theoretical frameworks to identify developmental markers despite missing data. Finally, we discuss the potential of the "Extended Evolutionary Synthesis," which calls for a greater focus on developmental processes in interpreting phenotypic variation in the fossil record.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Colard
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, MCCPACEA, UMR 5199PessacFrance
- Univ. Lille, CHU LilleDepartment of Oral and Maxillofacial RadiologyLilleFrance
| | - Antony Colombo
- Univ. Bordeaux Montaigne, CNRS, Univ. BordeauxArchéosciences Bordeaux, UMR 6034PessacFrance
- EPHEPSL UniversityParisFrance
| | - Adeline Le Cabec
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, MCCPACEA, UMR 5199PessacFrance
- Department of Human OriginsMax Planck Institute for Evolutionary AnthropologyLeipzigGermany
| | - Floriane Remy
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, MCCPACEA, UMR 5199PessacFrance
| | - Alexandra Schuh
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, MCCPACEA, UMR 5199PessacFrance
- Department of Human OriginsMax Planck Institute for Evolutionary AnthropologyLeipzigGermany
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Zhou Y, Lu Y, Xu H, Ji X, Deng Q, Wang X, Zhang Y, Li Q, Lu Y, Rustempasic A, Liu Y, Wang Y. The effect of miR-205a with RUNX2 towards proliferation and differentiation of chicken chondrocytes in thiram-induced tibial dyschondroplasia. Poult Sci 2024; 103:104535. [PMID: 39541878 PMCID: PMC11609359 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.104535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2024] [Revised: 10/23/2024] [Accepted: 11/07/2024] [Indexed: 11/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a kind of metabolic bone disease in fast-growing broilers, which seriously restricts the development of poultry industry. Our previous studies have revealed a significant upregulation of miR-205a in TD cartilage tissue, suggesting its potential role as a regulatory factor in the pathogenesis of TD. However, the precise function implications and underlying regulatory mechanism remain elusive. Therefore, this study aims to elucidate the biological functions and regulatory mechanisms of miR-205a in the progression of TD by employing mehtodologies such as qRT-PCR, CCK-8 assay, EdU assays, and flow cytometry. The findings demonstrated that the transfection of miR-205a overexpression plasmid reduced chondrocytes growth and development in TD while enhancing apoptosis; conversely, blocking miR-205a had opposite effects. RUNX2 was identified as a target gene of miR-205a through biosynthesis and dual luciferase assays, and its overexpression helps chondrocytes in TD grow and develop. However, when both miR-205a and RUNX2 were overexpressed, the regulatory effect of RUNX2 was significantly suppressed. In conclusion, miR-205a plays a role in slowing the growth and development of chondrocytes in TD by targeting and reducing RUNX2 expression, which helps to initiate and progress TD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Campus, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Yuxiang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Campus, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Hengyong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Campus, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Xuyang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Campus, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Qingqing Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Campus, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Xi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Campus, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Yao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Campus, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Qiuhang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Campus, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Yusheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Campus, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Alma Rustempasic
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Science, University in Sarajevo, Zmaja od Bosne 8, 71000 Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Yiping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Campus, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Campus, Chengdu 611130, PR China; Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Multi-omics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, PR China.
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3
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Li Z, Lin J, Wu J, Suo J, Wang Z. The Hippo signalling pathway in bone homeostasis: Under the regulation of mechanics and aging. Cell Prolif 2024; 57:e13652. [PMID: 38700015 PMCID: PMC11471399 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The Hippo signalling pathway is a conserved kinase cascade that orchestrates diverse cellular processes, such as proliferation, apoptosis, lineage commitment and stemness. With the onset of society ages, research on skeletal aging-mechanics-bone homeostasis has exploded. In recent years, aging and mechanical force in the skeletal system have gained groundbreaking research progress. Under the regulation of mechanics and aging, the Hippo signalling pathway has a crucial role in the development and homeostasis of bone. We synthesize the current knowledge on the role of the Hippo signalling pathway, particularly its downstream effectors yes-associated protein (YAP) and transcriptional co-activator with PDZ-binding motif (TAZ), in bone homeostasis. We discuss the regulation of the lineage specification and function of different skeletal cell types by the Hippo signalling pathway. The interactions of the Hippo signalling pathway with other pathways, such as Wnt, transforming growth factor beta and nuclear factor kappa-B, are also mentioned because of their importance for modulating bone homeostasis. Furthermore, YAP/TAZ have been extensively studied as mechanotransducers. Due to space limitations, we focus on reviewing how mechanical forces and aging influence cell fate, communications and homeostasis through a dysregulated Hippo signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengda Li
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Jing'an District Central HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Junqing Lin
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopedic SurgeryShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine ShanghaiShanghaiChina
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Jing'an District Central HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jinlong Suo
- Institute of Microsurgery on Extremities, and Department of Orthopedic SurgeryShanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine ShanghaiShanghaiChina
| | - Zuoyun Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy and Histoembryology, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Shanghai Jing'an District Central HospitalFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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Li L, Ma M, Zuo G, Xiao J, Chen J, He X, Song Z. Effect of manganese amino acid complexes on growth performance, meat quality, breast muscle and bone development in broilers. Br Poult Sci 2024; 65:582-594. [PMID: 38994893 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2024.2346640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
1. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation of manganese (Mn) amino acid complexes on growth performance, Mn deposition, meat quality, breast muscle and bone development of broilers.2. A total of 504, one-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers were randomly divided into seven treatments; control diet (CON; basal diet, no extra Mn addition), manganese diet (MnN as Numine®-Mn; CON + 40, 80, 120 or 160 mg Mn/kg), manganese-S group (MnS; CON + 120 mg Mn/kg as MnSO4·H2O), manganese-A diet (MnA as Mn from hydrolysed feather meal; CON + 40 mg Mn/kg as MnA).3. There were no significant differences for average daily gain (ADG) or feed intake (ADFI) among diets during the feed phases (p > 0.05). The FCR in the starter and over the whole period were quadratically affected by dietary MnN dosage and gave the lowest FCR at 80 mg/kg (p < 0.05). The Mn content of thigh muscle, jejunum, heart, pancreas, liver and tibia increased linearly with MnN addition (p < 0.05).4. For meat quality, MnN significantly increased colour (a*), pH45 min and pH24 h, reduced shear force, drip loss and pressure loss of breast muscle (p < 0.05).5. Moreover, MnN significantly upregulated MYOD expression at d 21 and SOD expression at d 42, decreased MuRF1 and Atrogin-1 mRNA level at d 42 in breast muscle. Transcriptome analysis revealed that the regulating effect of MnN on muscle development significantly enriched signalling pathways such as adhesion, ECM-receptor, MAPK, mTOR and AMPK. Furthermore, dietary MnN significantly affected tibia length and growth plate development (p < 0.05) and promoted growth plate chondrocytes by increasing SOX-9, Runx-2, Mef2c, TGF-β, Ihh, Bcl-2 and Beclin1 and decreasing Bax and Caspase-3 (p < 0.05) expression which affect longitudinal tibial development.6. In conclusion, Mn amino acid complexes could improve growth performance, tissue Mn deposition, breast muscle development, meat quality and bone development.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, China
- R&D Department, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, Hunan, China
| | - M Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, China
- R&D Department, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, Hunan, China
| | - G Zuo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, China
- R&D Department, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, Hunan, China
- Technical R&D Department, Beijing Deyuanshun Biotechnology Co, Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - J Xiao
- Technical R&D Department, Hunan Xiang Jia Husbandry Limited by Share Ltd, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - J Chen
- Technical R&D Department, Hunan Xiang Jia Husbandry Limited by Share Ltd, Changde, Hunan, China
| | - X He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, China
- R&D Department, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, Hunan, China
| | - Z Song
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Hunan, China
- R&D Department, Hunan Engineering Research Center of Poultry Production Safety, Hunan, China
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Gu W, Hou L, Bao Q, Xu Q, Chen G. Tibial Damage Caused by T-2 Toxin in Goslings: Bone Dysplasia, Poor Bone Quality, Hindered Chondrocyte Differentiation, and Imbalanced Bone Metabolism. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2281. [PMID: 39123807 PMCID: PMC11311038 DOI: 10.3390/ani14152281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
T-2 toxin, the most toxic type A trichothecene, is widely present in grain and animal feed, causing growth retardation and tissue damage in poultry. Geese are more sensitive to T-2 toxin than chickens and ducks. Although T-2 toxin has been reported to cause tibial growth plate (TGP) chondrodysplasia in chickens, tibial damage caused by T-2 toxin in geese has not been fully demonstrated. This study aims to investigate the adverse effects of T-2 toxin on tibial bone development, bone quality, chondrocyte differentiation, and bone metabolism. Here, forty-eight one-day-old male Yangzhou goslings were randomly divided into four groups and daily gavaged with T-2 toxin at concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/kg body weight for 21 days, respectively. The development of gosling body weight and size was determined by weighing and taking body measurements after exposure to different concentrations of T-2 toxin. Changes in tibial development and bone characteristics were determined by radiographic examination, phenotypic measurements, and bone quality and composition analyses. Chondrocyte differentiation in TGP and bone metabolism was characterized by cell morphology, tissue gene-specific expression, and serum marker levels. Results showed that T-2 toxin treatment resulted in a lower weight, volume, length, middle width, and middle circumference of the tibia in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). Moreover, decreased bone-breaking strength, bone mineral density, and contents of ash, Ca, and P in the tibia were observed in T-2 toxin-challenged goslings (p < 0.05). In addition, T-2 toxin not only reduced TGP height (p < 0.05) but also induced TGP chondrocytes to be disorganized with reduced numbers and indistinct borders. As expected, the apoptosis-related genes (CASP9 and CASP3) were significantly up-regulated in chondrocytes challenged by T-2 toxin with a dose dependence, while cell differentiation and maturation-related genes (BMP6, BMP7, SOX9, and RUNX2) were down-regulated (p < 0.05). Considering bone metabolism, T-2 toxin dose-dependently and significantly induced a decreased number of osteoblasts and an increased number of osteoclasts in the tibia, with inhibited patterns of osteogenesis-related genes and enzymes and increased patterns of osteoclast-related genes and enzymes (p < 0.05). Similarly, the serum Ca and P concentrations and parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, and 1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol levels decreased under T-2 toxin exposure (p < 0.05). In summary, 2.0 mg/kg T-2 toxin significantly inhibited tibia weight, length, width, and circumference, as well as decreased bone-breaking strength, density, and composition (ash, calcium, and phosphorus) in 21-day-old goslings compared to the control and lower dose groups. Chondrocyte differentiation in TGP was delayed by 2.0 mg/kg T-2 toxin owing to cell apoptosis. In addition, 2.0 mg/kg T-2 toxin promoted bone resorption and inhibited osteogenesis in cellular morphology, gene expression, and hormonal modulation patterns. Thus, T-2 toxin significantly inhibited tibial growth and development with a dose dependence, accompanied by decreased bone geometry parameters and properties, hindered chondrocyte differentiation, and imbalanced bone metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Gu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (W.G.); (L.H.); (Q.B.)
| | - Lie Hou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (W.G.); (L.H.); (Q.B.)
- Animal Husbandry Extension Station, Yinchuan 750001, China
| | - Qiang Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (W.G.); (L.H.); (Q.B.)
| | - Qi Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (W.G.); (L.H.); (Q.B.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Poultry), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Guohong Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (W.G.); (L.H.); (Q.B.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Poultry), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Shi K, Wu Y, Jiang X, Liu X, Du Y, Feng C, Li D. Transcriptome analysis reveals the pathogenesis of spontaneous tibial dyschondroplasia in broilers. Front Genet 2024; 15:1434532. [PMID: 39139824 PMCID: PMC11320418 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2024.1434532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a severe bone disease that affects fast-growing broiler chickens and causes economic loss. Despite previous studies, the regulatory mechanism of TD remains unclear and is thought to be primarily based on thiram induction, which may differ from that of naturally occurring diseases. To better understand TD, a digital X-ray machine was used in the present study to determine its incidence in four hundred yellow-feathered broiler chickens. The results showed that the incidence of TD was 22% after 6 weeks and gradually decreased after 8 and 10 weeks. The body weight of broilers with TD decreased significantly compared to that of NTD broilers. In addition, the length and density of the tibia were reduced after eight and 10 weeks, and the density of the tibia was reduced after 6 weeks compared with the NTD chickens. This study also examined tibial quality parameters from TD (n = 12) and NTD broilers (n = 12) and found that bone mineral content, bone mineral density, bone ash content, calcium content, and phosphorus content were significantly reduced in TD broilers. Transcriptome analysis revealed 849 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the growth plate between TD (n = 6) and NTD groups (n = 6). These genes were enriched in ECM-receptor interaction, cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, calcium signaling pathway, and TGF-β signaling. Genes encoding the alpha chain of type XII collagen, that is, COL1A1, COL5A1, and COL8A1) were identified as critical in the regulatory network of TD. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed that the pathways of cartilage development, circulatory system development, and nervous system development were changed in the growth plates of TD birds. In the blood transcriptome, 12 DEGs were found in TD (n = 4) and NTD chickens (n = 4), and GSEA revealed that the pathways from TD broilers' blood related to the phagosome, linoleic acid metabolism, monoatomic ion homeostasis, and calcium ion transport were downregulated. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of TD, including its effects on tibial quality, tibial changes, and the circulatory system, along with identifying important genes that may lead to the development of TD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Ningbo Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Ningbo, China
| | - Yongfu Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xusheng Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiangping Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuesong Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chungang Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongfeng Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Ramser A, Greene ES, Wideman R, Dridi S. Potential non-invasive detection of lesions in broiler femur heads: application of the DXA imaging system. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1363992. [PMID: 38827990 PMCID: PMC11140573 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1363992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Leg health is a significant economic and welfare concern for the poultry industry. Current methods of detection rely on visual assessment of the legs and gait scores and bone scoring during necropsy for full characterization. Additionally, the current scoring of femurs only examines the external surface of the femoral head. Through the use of the dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) imaging system, we show the presence of a necrotic region in the femurs that would otherwise be considered healthy based on the current evaluation procedures. Importantly, these lesions were present in almost 60% (22 of 37) of femurs that scored normal for femoral head necrosis (FHN). Additionally, these femurs showed greater bone mineral content (BMC) relative to weight compared to their counterparts with no lucent lesions (6.95% ± 0.20% vs. 6.26% ± 0.25; p = 0.038). Identification of these lesions presents both a challenge and an opportunity. These subclinical lesions are likely to be missed in routine scoring procedures for FHN and can inadvertently impact the characterization of the disease and genetic selection programs. Furthermore, this imaging system can be used for in vivo, ex vivo, and embryonic (egg) studies and, therefore, constitutes a potential non-invasive method for early detection of bone lesions in chickens and other avian species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sami Dridi
- University of Arkansas, Center of Excellence for Poultry Science, Fayetteville, AR, United States
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Wu X, Liu Y, Li Y, Tang Z, Li A, Zhang H. Molecular mechanism of thiram-induced abnormal chondrocyte proliferation via lncRNA MSTRG.74.1-BNIP3 axis. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 201:105847. [PMID: 38685209 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.105847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Thiram, a widely used organic pesticide in agriculture, exhibits both bactericidal and insecticidal effects. However, prolonged exposure to thiram has been linked to bone deformities and cartilage damage, contributing to the development of tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) in broilers and posing a significant threat to global agricultural production. TD, a prevalent nutritional metabolic disease, manifests as clinical symptoms like unstable standing, claudication, and sluggish movement in affected broilers. In recent years, there has been growing recognition of the regulatory role of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) in tibial cartilage formation among broilers through diverse signaling pathways. This study employs in vitro experimental models, growth performance analysis, and clinical observation to assess broilers' susceptibility to thiram pollution. Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed a significant elevation in the expression of lncRNA MSTRG.74.1 in both the con group and the thiram-induced in vitro group. The results showed that lncRNA MSTRG.74.1 plays a pivotal role in influencing the proliferation and abnormal differentiation of chondrocytes. This regulation occurs through the negative modulation of apoptotic genes, including Bax, Cytc, Bcl2, Apaf1, and Caspase3, along with genes Atg5, Beclin1, LC3b, and protein p62. Moreover, the overexpression of lncRNA MSTRG.74.1 was found to regulate broiler chondrocyte development by upregulating BNIP3. In summary, this research sheds light on thiram-induced abnormal chondrocyte proliferation in TD broilers, emphasizing the significant regulatory role of the lncRNA MSTRG.74.1-BNIP3 axis, which will contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying TD development in broilers exposed to thiram.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yingwei Liu
- Guangzhou National Laboratory, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Aoyun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, PR China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Figueroa CDN, Cruz FKDA, Kaneko IN, Basaglia RA, Oliveira CALDE, Iwaki LCV, Murakami AE, Santos TC. Growth of long bones in European and Japanese quail from the 13th day of incubation to day 35 post-hatch. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2024; 95:e20220573. [PMID: 38198396 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202320220573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study described the growth, morphometric, biomechanical, and chemical properties of the femur, tibiotarsus, and tarsometatarsus of European and Japanese quail. Analyses were performed at 13 and 15 days of incubation, at hatch, and at 4, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28, and 35 days post-hatch (n=6/subspecies/period). Bone specimens were analyzed by cone-beam computed tomography, biomechanical assays, chemical analyses, and histomorphometry. Variables were fitted by the Gompertz function and its derivative or assessed using the analysis of variance. Analysis of the derivative of Gompertz curves showed that the growth behavior of the tarsometatarsal bone was similar between quail subspecies, and the femur and tibiotarsus of European quail increased first in width and then in length, whereas the opposite occurred in Japanese quail. There was an interaction between quail subspecies and days of growth on femoral, tarsometatarsal, and tibiotarsal bone densities. Femoral and tibiotarsal cross-sectional areas were influenced by the interaction of quail subspecies and day of growth. Interaction effects were significant for breaking strength and phosphorus percentage. European and Japanese quail have different femoral and tibiotarsal growth patterns, especially in the first few days after hatching, whereas tarsometatarsal growth is similar between subspecies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Flavia K DA Cruz
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Zootecnia, Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Isabelle N Kaneko
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Zootecnia, Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A Basaglia
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Zootecnia, Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Lilian Cristina V Iwaki
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Odontologia, Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Alice E Murakami
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Zootecnia, Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
| | - Tatiana C Santos
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Departamento de Zootecnia, Av. Colombo, 5790, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brazil
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10
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Dong Y, Chen Y, Ma G, Cao H. The role of E3 ubiquitin ligases in bone homeostasis and related diseases. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:3963-3987. [PMID: 37799379 PMCID: PMC10547920 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) dedicates to degrade intracellular proteins to modulate demic homeostasis and functions of organisms. These enzymatic cascades mark and modifies target proteins diversly through covalently binding ubiquitin molecules. In the UPS, E3 ubiquitin ligases are the crucial constituents by the advantage of recognizing and presenting proteins to proteasomes for proteolysis. As the major regulators of protein homeostasis, E3 ligases are indispensable to proper cell manners in diverse systems, and they are well described in physiological bone growth and bone metabolism. Pathologically, classic bone-related diseases such as metabolic bone diseases, arthritis, bone neoplasms and bone metastasis of the tumor, etc., were also depicted in a UPS-dependent manner. Therefore, skeletal system is versatilely regulated by UPS and it is worthy to summarize the underlying mechanism. Furthermore, based on the current status of treatment, normal or pathological osteogenesis and tumorigenesis elaborated in this review highlight the clinical significance of UPS research. As a strategy possibly remedies the limitations of UPS treatment, emerging PROTAC was described comprehensively to illustrate its potential in clinical application. Altogether, the purpose of this review aims to provide more evidence for exploiting novel therapeutic strategies based on UPS for bone associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Guixing Ma
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Huiling Cao
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Key University Laboratory of Metabolism and Health of Guangdong, Shenzhen 518055, China
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11
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Chen F, Sun M, Peng F, Lai Y, Jiang Z, Zhang W, Li T, Jing X. Compressive stress induces spinal vertebral growth plate chondrocytes apoptosis via Piezo1. J Orthop Res 2023; 41:1792-1802. [PMID: 36722421 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Many clinical studies have indicated an association between biomechanical factors and the incidence and pathological progression of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). However, at present, the research on AIS is mainly focused on the etiology, and there are few studies reporting the causes of progressive aggravation of AIS. In the present study, we aim to investigate the role of Piezo1 in compressive stress-induced mouse spinal vertebral growth plate chondrocytes apoptosis. First, a scoliosis mouse model was established, and the expression of Piezo1 as well as the degree of apoptosis were investigated. We found that the expression of Piezo1 and the degree of apoptosis were significantly higher on the concave sides than that on the convex sides of the vertebral growth plate in mice with scoliosis. Spinal vertebral growth plate chondrocytes were further isolated and treated with Yoda1 to mimic Piezo1 overload. Excess Piezo1 significantly promoted apoptosis of spinal vertebral growth plate chondrocytes. Moreover, static gas compressive stress was used to simulate the increased concave compressive stress in the process of scoliosis with or without GsMTx4, a Piezo inhibitor. It was observed that with the increase of static compressive stress, the expression of Piezo1 increased, and the chondrocytes of vertebral growth plate treated with Piezo1 inhibitor GsMTx4 weakened the above phenomena. In conclusion, our results indicated that compressive stress is strongly associated with the different degrees of apoptosis on both sides on the convex and concave sides of the vertebral growth plate in scoliosis via inducing different expressions of Piezo1. Reducing the expression of Piezo1 in the concave side of the vertebral growth plate and inhibiting the apoptosis of chondrocytes in the bilateral vertebral growth plate caused by asymmetric stress on both sides of the concave vertebral body may be a promising treatment strategy for AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Chen
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Mingtong Sun
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fushuai Peng
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yudong Lai
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhensong Jiang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xingzhi Jing
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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12
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Gu W, Bao Q, Weng K, Liu J, Luo S, Chen J, Li Z, Cao Z, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Chen G, Xu Q. Effects of T-2 toxin on growth performance, feather quality, tibia development and blood parameters in Yangzhou goslings. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102382. [PMID: 36535114 PMCID: PMC9791600 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
T-2 toxin is a dangerous natural pollutant and widely exists in animal feed, often causing toxic damage to poultry, such as slow growth and development, immunosuppression, and death. Although geese are considered the most sensitive poultry to T-2 toxin, the exact damage caused by T-2 toxin to geese is elusive. In the present study, a total of forty two 1-day-old healthy Yangzhou male goslings were randomly allotted seven diets contaminated with 0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, or 2.0 mg/kg T-2 toxin for 21 d, and the effects of T-2 toxin exposure on growth performance, feather quality, tibia development, and blood parameters were investigated. The results showed that T-2 toxin exposure significantly inhibited feed intake, body weight gain, shank length growth, and organ development (e.g., ileum, cecum, liver, spleen, bursa, and tibia) in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, the more serious feathering abnormalities and feather damage were observed in goslings exposed to a high dose of T-2 toxin (0.8, 1.0, and 2.0 mg/kg), which were mainly sparsely covered with short, dry, rough, curly, and gloss-free feathers on the back. We also found that hypertrophic chondrocytes of the tibial growth plate exhibited abnormal morphology and nuclear consolidation or loss, accompanied by necrosis and excessive apoptosis under 2.0 mg/kg T-2 toxin exposure. Moreover, 2.0 mg/kg T-2 toxin exposure triggered erythropenia, thrombocytosis, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase activity, as well as high blood urea nitrogen, uric acid, and lactic dehydrogenase levels. Collectively, these data indicate that T-2 toxin had an adverse effect on the growth performance, feather quality, and tibia development, and caused liver and kidney damage and abnormal blood parameters in Yangzhou goslings, providing crucial information toward the prevention and control of T-2 toxin contamination in poultry feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Gu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China
| | - Qiang Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China
| | - Kaiqi Weng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China
| | - Jinlu Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China
| | - Shuwen Luo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China
| | - Jianzhou Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China
| | - Zhengfeng Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China
| | - Yang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China
| | - Guohong Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China; Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Poultry), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China
| | - Qi Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, PR China; Key Laboratory for Evaluation and Utilization of Livestock and Poultry Resources (Poultry), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China.
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13
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Xia WH, Tang L, Wang ZY, Wang L. Effects of Inorganic and Organic Manganese Supplementation on Growth Performance, Tibia Development, and Oxidative Stress in Broiler Chickens. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:4453-4464. [PMID: 34851493 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-03041-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential trace element for broiler chickens; its deficiency causes tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) characterized by lameness and growth retardation. Inorganic and organic manganese sources are used in global poultry production, but there is a lack of systematic investigations to compare the bioavailability among them. In this study, 120 1-day-old Arbor Acres (AA) broilers were randomly divided into four groups (n = 30), i.e., control group (Mn sulfate, 60 mg/kg), Mn-D group (Mn deficiency, 22 mg/kg), Mn-Gly group (Mn glycinate, 60 mg/kg), and Mn-Pro group (Mn proteinate, 60 mg/kg). During the 42-day experiment, growth performance, tibial bone parameters, pathological index changes, serum biochemical changes, and oxidative stress indicators were evaluated. These results not only suggested that Mn plays a crucial role in the normal development of tibia and the maintenance of redox homeostasis in broilers, but also proved that organic Mn supplementation, especially Mn proteinate, improved the tibia development and the absorption efficiency, as well as overall oxidative stress status of broilers, suggesting that it had greater bioavailability than inorganic Mn. Thus, application of organic Mn source may be an effective way to reduce economic losses and resolve animal welfare concerns due to TD in commercial poultry farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hao Xia
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, 271018, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, 271018, China
| | - Liang Tang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, 271018, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, 271018, China
| | - Zhen-Yong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, 271018, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, 271018, China.
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, 271018, China.
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, 271018, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, 271018, China.
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, 271018, China.
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14
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Dong PF, Jin C, Lian CY, Wang L, Wang ZY. Enhanced Extracellular Matrix Degradation in Growth Plate Contributes to Manganese Deficiency-Induced Tibial Dyschondroplasia in Broiler Chicks. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:3326-3335. [PMID: 34546491 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02921-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is a crucial trace element for poultry nutrition, and its deficiency compromises tibial cartilage development, leading to perosis and a higher incidence of slipped tendon. Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a metabolic cartilage disease characterized by disruption of endochondral bone formation, which is closely related to extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, in which Mn deficiency plays an important role. Previous studies have confirmed the role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in the pathogenesis of TD, but whether dysregulated ECM degradation and MMP expression profiles in growth plate are involved in Mn deficiency-induced avian TD has not been fully elucidated yet. Thus, this study was conducted to clarify these issues. Firstly, we successfully established TD model induced by Mn deficiency in broiler chicks. Mn deficiency decreased the number of chondrocytes, contents of proteoglycan, and type II collagen in tibial growth plate, demonstrating the tibial growth plate damage with enhanced ECM degradation. Also, Mn deficiency inhibited the Nrf2 signaling pathway and enhanced the protein levels of NLRP3, active caspase-1, and active IL-1β in tibial growth plate, indicating the oxidative stress and inflammatory response in Mn deficiency-induced TD. Additionally, upregulated expression levels of MMPs (MMP1, 9, and 13) were observed in tibial growth plate of Mn deficiency group. In summary, these findings suggest that Mn deficiency-enhanced ECM degradation is involved in avian TD, which may be correlated with oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and upregulation of MMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Dong
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, 271018, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, 271018, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Cong Jin
- Yishui Animal Disease Control Center, 690 Chang'an Street, Shandong Province, 276400, Lin'yi City, China
| | - Cai-Yu Lian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, 271018, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, 271018, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, 271018, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lin Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, 271018, Shandong Province, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, 271018, Shandong Province, China.
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, 271018, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Zhen-Yong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, 271018, Shandong Province, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, 271018, Shandong Province, China.
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, 61 Daizong Street, Tai'an City, 271018, Shandong Province, China.
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15
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Huang S, Zhang C, Xu T, Shaukat A, He Y, Chen P, Lin L, Yue K, Cao Q, Tong X. Integrated Fecal Microbiome and Metabolomics Reveals a Novel Potential Biomarker for Predicting Tibial Dyschondroplasia in Chickens. Front Physiol 2022; 13:887207. [PMID: 35634144 PMCID: PMC9133743 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.887207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is a metabolic tibial-tarsal disorder occurring in fast-growing poultry, and its diagnosis is mainly based on an invasive method. Here, we profiled the fecal gut microbiome and metabolome of broilers with and without TD to identify potential non-invasive and non-stress biomarkers of TD. First, TD broilers with the most pronounced clinical signs during the experiment were screened and faecal samples were collected for integrated microbiome and metabolomics analysis. Moreover, the diagnostic potential of identified biomarkers was further validated throughout the experiment. It was noted that the microbial and metabolic signatures of TD broilers differed from those of normal broilers. TD broilers were characterized by enriched bacterial OTUs of the genus Klebsiella, and depleted genera [Ruminococcus], Dorea, Ruminococcus, Oscillospira, Ochrobactrum, and Sediminibacterium. In addition, a total of 189 fecal differential metabolites were identified, mainly enriched in the purine, vitamin and amino acid metabolism, which were closely associated with differential microbiota and tibia-related indicators. Furthermore, three fecal metabolites were screened, including 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, which distinguished TD from normal broilers with extremely high specificity and was superior to serum bone markers. These results indicated that gut microbiota equilibrium might influence the pathogenesis of TD by modulating host metabolism, and the identified fecal metabolite 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde might be a potential and non-invasive biomarker for predicting TD in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shucheng Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Shucheng Huang,
| | - Chaodong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Aftab Shaukat
- National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanfeng He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pan Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Luxi Lin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ke Yue
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qinqin Cao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xishuai Tong
- Institutes of Agricultural Science and Technology Development (Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education of China)/College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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16
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Landy N, Kheiri F, Faghani M, Bahadoran R. Investigation of different levels of cholecalciferol and its metabolite in calcium and phosphorus deficient diets on growth performance, tibia bone ash and development of tibial dyschondroplasia in broilers. ACTA SCIENTIARUM: ANIMAL SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v43i1.48816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to examine the effects of 1-α(OH)D3 alone or in combination with different levels of cholecalciferol on performance, and tibia parameters of one-d–old male broilers fed a tibial dyschondroplasia (TD)-inducing diet. A total of three hundred male broilers were randomly allocated to 5 treatment groups with 4 replicates. The dietary treatments consisted of TD inducing diet, TD inducing diet supplemented with 5 μg per kg of 1-α(OH)D3; TD inducing diet supplemented with 5 μg per kg of 1-α(OH)D3 and 1,500; 3,000 or 5,000 IU cholecalciferol kg-1 of diet. At 42 d of age, broiler chickens fed diets containing 1-α(OH)D3 and 1,500 IU cholecalciferol kg-1 of diet had higher body weight (p < 0.05). In the complete experimental period the best FCR and the highest daily weight gain were obtained in broilers supplemented with 1-α(OH)D3 and 1,500 IU cholecalciferol kg-1 of diet. Broilers supplemented with 1-α(OH)D3 and 1,500 IU cholecalciferol kg-1 of diet had significantly lower incidence and severity of TD in comparison with other groups. In conclusion, the results indicated that the supplementation of 1-α(OH)D3 in combination of 1,500 IU cholecalciferol kg-1 of diet could maximize tibia bone ash, performance and prevent TD in broilers fed TD inducing diet.
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17
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Jahejo AR, Tian WX. Cellular, molecular and genetical overview of avian tibial dyschondroplasia. Res Vet Sci 2020; 135:569-579. [PMID: 33066991 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2020.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) is an intractable avian bone disease that causes severe poultry economic losses. The pathogenicity of TD is unknown. Therefore, TD disease has not been evacuated yet. Based on continuous research findings, we have gone through the molecular and cellular insight into the TD and proposed possible pathogenicity for future studies. Immunity and angiogenesis-related genes expressed in the erythrocytes of chicken, influenced the apoptosis of chicken chondrocytes to cause TD. TD could be defined as the irregular, unmineralized and un-vascularized mass of cartilage, which is caused by apoptosis, degeneration and insufficient blood supply at the site of the chicken growth plate. The failure of angiogenesis attributed improper nutrients supply to the chondrocytes; ultimately, bone development stopped, poor calcification of cartilage matrix, and apoptosis of chondrocytes occurred. Recent studies explore potential signaling pathways that regulated TD in broiler chickens, including parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP), transforming growth factor β (TGF- β)/bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs), and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF). Several studies have reported many medicines to treat TD. However, recently, rGSTA3 protein (50 μg·kg-1) is considered the most proper TD treatment. The present review has summarized the molecular and cellular insight into the TD, which will help researchers in medicine development to evacuate TD completely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Raza Jahejo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
| | - Wen Xia Tian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China.
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18
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Hafez HM, Attia YA. Challenges to the Poultry Industry: Current Perspectives and Strategic Future After the COVID-19 Outbreak. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:516. [PMID: 33005639 PMCID: PMC7479178 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Poultry immunity, health, and production are several factors that challenge the future growth of the poultry industry. Consumer confidence, product quality and safety, types of products, and the emergence and re-emergence of diseases will continue to be major challenges to the current situation and the strategic future of the industry. Foodborne and zoonotic diseases are strictly linked with poultry. Eradication, elimination, and/or control of foodborne and zoonotic pathogens present a major challenge to the poultry industry. In addition, the public health hazards from consuming foods with high antibiotic residues will remain a critical issue. The theory of poultry production described in this review will not be limited to considering disease control. Rather, it will also incorporate the interconnection of the animals' health, welfare, and immunity. It is essential to know that chickens are not susceptible to intranasal infection by the SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) virus. Nevertheless, the COVID-19 pandemic will affect poultry consumption, transport, and the economics of poultry farming. It will also take into consideration economic, ethical, social dimensions, and the sustenance of the accomplishment of high environmental security. Stockholders, veterinarians, farmers, and all the partners of the chain of poultry production need to be more involved in the current situation and the strategic future of the industry to fulfill human demands and ensure sustainable agriculture. Thus, the present review explores these important tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafez M. Hafez
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Poultry Diseases, Free University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Youssef A. Attia
- Department of Agriculture, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- The Strategic Center to Kingdom Vision Realization, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Animal and Poultry Production Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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19
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Oryschak MA, Christianson CB, Beltranena E. Camelina sativa cake for broiler chickens: effects of increasing dietary inclusion on clinical signs of toxicity, feed disappearance, and nutrient digestibility. Transl Anim Sci 2020; 4:txaa029. [PMID: 32705027 PMCID: PMC7201165 DOI: 10.1093/tas/txaa029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of feeding diets with increasing dietary inclusions of Camelina sativa cake (CC; 22% ether extract, 34% crude protein) on safety, feed disappearance, and nutrient digestibility was evaluated in a 42-day (d) broiler study. Day-old male chicks (Ross 308; n = 744) were divided among 24 test cages in a randomized complete block design with six replicate cages per dietary regimen. Dietary regimens consisted of feeding test diets containing 0, 8, 16, or 24% CC over three growth phases of 2-week duration each. Diets fed from d 14-21 included an indigestible marker. Pen body weight, feed added, and leftover orts for each phase were measured on d 0, 14, 28, and 42 to calculate average daily feed disappearance, average daily weight gain, and gain-to-feed ratio. On d 14, 28, and 42, three broilers per test cage were euthanized by intravenous injection. A gross post mortem examination was conducted and select organs were weighed. Blood was drawn from broilers removed on d 42 to measure serum parameters. Excreta from d 19 to 21 and ileal digesta (10 birds per cage) on d 21 were collected to yield a single pooled sample of each per test cage. Dietary CC inclusion up to 24% did not affect broiler mortality or the incidence of abnormal gross findings. Differences (P < 0.05) in serum levels of P, uric acid, T3, and T4 are explained by differential digestible nutrient intake among broilers fed increasing CC inclusion levels. Organ weight as proportion of body weight was not affected by treatment, except for pancreas on d 28 and 42, which both linearly increased (P < 0.01) with increasing CC inclusion. Daily feed disappearance did not differ among CC inclusion levels for the overall 42-d study. Increasing dietary CC inclusion level linearly reduced nutrient digestibility of test diets (P < 0.01). In conclusion, CC is a safe feedstuff for broilers that can be fed at dietary inclusions up to and including 24% without adverse effects on broiler health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Oryschak
- Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Livestock and Crops Division, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Colleen B Christianson
- Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Livestock and Crops Division, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Eduardo Beltranena
- Alberta Agriculture and Forestry, Livestock and Crops Division, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,University of Alberta, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Çapar Akyüz
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Esin Ebru Onbaşılar
- Department of Animal Breeding and Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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Matuszewski A, Łukasiewicz M, Niemiec J. Calcium and phosphorus and their nanoparticle forms in poultry nutrition. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00439339.2020.1746221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arkadiusz Matuszewski
- Department of Animal Breeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Monika Łukasiewicz
- Department of Animal Breeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Jan Niemiec
- Department of Animal Breeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Warszawa, Poland
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22
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Dinev I, Kanakov D, Kalkanov I, Nikolov S, Denev S. Comparative Pathomorphologic Studies on the Incidence of Fractures Associated with Leg Skeletal Pathology in Commercial Broiler Chickens. Avian Dis 2020; 63:641-650. [PMID: 31865679 DOI: 10.1637/aviandiseases-d-19-00108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present investigation is to report the prevalence of spontaneous fractures associated with leg skeletal pathology and compromised welfare in commercial broiler chickens. Our studies focused on fractures of different leg segments (femur, tibiotarsus, tarsometatarsus) detected as incidental findings during pathoanatomic examinations in cases of rickets, tibial dyschondroplasia (TD), and femoral head necrosis (FHN). The morphogenetic and etiopathogenetic aspects of the findings were further investigated through histopathologic, bacteriologic, and bone mineral analyses. The gross anatomy study showed that in about 10% of bones affected by rickets-specific lesions, fractures of the proximal tibiotarsus were present. A relatively low percentage (6.5%) of fractures of the same anatomic location could be attributed to TD lesions. The highest prevalence of fractures (68.5%), mainly of the proximal femur, was associated with FHN and osteomyelites. The results from the large-scale field surveys allowed us to confirm that the prevalence of spontaneous bone fractures of the legs in broiler chickens was largely associated with FHN, rickets, and TD. The poor vascularization of the grown prehypertrophic cartilage in cases of rickets and TD, as well as the osteolytic lesions in FHN, resulted in degenerative, necrobiotic processes which may entail bone fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Dinev
- Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria,
| | - Dian Kanakov
- Department of Internal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Ismet Kalkanov
- Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Slavko Nikolov
- Department of Internal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Stefan Denev
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
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23
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Waqas M, Qamar H, Zhang J, Yao W, Li A, Wang Y, Iqbal M, Mehmood K, Jiang X, Li J. Puerarin enhance vascular proliferation and halt apoptosis in thiram-induced avian tibial dyschondroplasia by regulating HIF-1α, TIMP-3 and BCL-2 expressions. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 190:110126. [PMID: 31918251 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.110126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Tetramethyl thiuram disulfide (thiram) is a dithiocarbamate pesticide used for crop protection and storage. But, it's widespread utilization is associated with deleterious growth plate cartilage disorder in broilers termed as avian tibial dyschondroplasia (TD). TD results in non-mineralized and less vascularized proximal tibial growth plate cartilage causing lameness and poor growth performance. This study investigated the therapeutic potential of puerarin against thiram toxicity in TD affected chickens. One-day-old broiler chickens (n = 240) were alienated into three equal groups i.e. control, TD and puerarin (n = 80) and were offered standard feed. Additionally, TD and puerarin groups were offered thiram at 50 mg/kg of feed from 4 to 7 days for TD induction followed by puerarin therapy at 120 mg/kg to puerarin group only from 8 to 18 days for TD treatment. Thiram feeding to TD and puerarin group chickens caused lameness, mortality, and increased the aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and growth plate (GP) size and upregulated HIF-1α expression. Besides, the production parameters, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels and the expressions of TIMP-3 and BCL-2 were decreased (p < 0.05). Puerarin alleviated lameness, enhanced angiogenesis and growth performance and serum and antioxidant enzymes, decreased apoptosis and recuperated GP width by significantly downregulating HIF-1α and upregulating the TIMP-3 and BCL-2 mRNA and protein expressions in puerarin group chickens (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the toxic effects associated with thiram can be mitigated using puerarin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Waqas
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China; Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of the Poonch, Rawalakot, District Poonch, 12350, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Hammad Qamar
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Jialu Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Wangyuan Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Aoyun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Yaping Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Mudassar Iqbal
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China; University College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- University College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Xiong Jiang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Jiakui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China; College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, 860000, China.
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Bailleul AM, Zheng W, Horner JR, Hall BK, Holliday CM, Schweitzer MH. Evidence of proteins, chromosomes and chemical markers of DNA in exceptionally preserved dinosaur cartilage. Natl Sci Rev 2020; 7:815-822. [PMID: 34692099 PMCID: PMC8289162 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwz206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A histological ground-section from a duck-billed dinosaur nestling (Hypacrosaurus stebingeri) revealed microstructures morphologically consistent with nuclei and chromosomes in cells within calcified cartilage. We hypothesized that this exceptional cellular preservation extended to the molecular level and had molecular features in common with extant avian cartilage. Histochemical and immunological evidence supports in situ preservation of extracellular matrix components found in extant cartilage, including glycosaminoglycans and collagen type II. Furthermore, isolated Hypacrosaurus chondrocytes react positively with two DNA intercalating stains. Specific DNA staining is only observed inside the isolated cells, suggesting endogenous nuclear material survived fossilization. Our data support the hypothesis that calcified cartilage is preserved at the molecular level in this Mesozoic material, and suggest that remnants of once-living chondrocytes, including their DNA, may preserve for millions of years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alida M Bailleul
- Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Life and Paleoenvironment, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Wenxia Zheng
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - John R Horner
- Honors Program, Chapman University, Orange, CA 92866, USA
| | - Brian K Hall
- Department of Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Casey M Holliday
- Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Mary H Schweitzer
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Raleigh, NC 27601, USA
- Department of Geology, University of Lund, 22362, Sweden
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25
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Pines M, Hasdai A, Monsonego-Ornan E. Tibial dyschondroplasia – tools, new insights and future prospects. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2019. [DOI: 10.1079/wps200454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Pines
- Institute of Animal Science, the Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
| | - A. Hasdai
- Institute of Animal Science, the Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
| | - E. Monsonego-Ornan
- Institute of Animal Science, the Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel
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26
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Waqas M, Wang Y, Li A, Qamar H, Yao W, Tong X, Zhang J, Iqbal M, Mehmood K, Li J. Osthole: A Coumarin Derivative Assuage Thiram-Induced Tibial Dyschondroplasia by Regulating BMP-2 and RUNX-2 Expressions in Chickens. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8090330. [PMID: 31443437 PMCID: PMC6770413 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8090330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian tibial dyschondroplasia affects fast growing broiler chickens accounting for almost 30% of leg ailments in broilers. The present project was designed to assess the efficacy of osthole against avian tibial dyschondroplasia (TD). Two hundred and forty chickens were equally allocated into control, TD and osthole groups (n = 80). The TD and osthole group chickens were challenged with tetramethylthiuram disulfide (thiram) at 50 mg/kg of feed from 4–7 days, followed by osthole administration at 20 mg/kg orally to the osthole group only from 8–18 days. Thiram feeding resulted in lameness, increased mortality, and decreased production parameters, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) levels, along with significantly increased aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and growth plate size. Moreover, the genes and protein expressions of BMP-2 and RUNX-2 were significantly down-regulated in TD affected chickens (p < 0.05). Osthole administration showed promising results by alleviating lameness; increased ALP, SOD, T-AOC, and GSH-Px levels; and decreased the AST, ALT, and MDA levels significantly. It restored the size of the growth plate and significantly up-regulated the BMP-2 and RUNX-2 expressions (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the oxidative stress and growth plate anomalies could be assuaged using osthole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Waqas
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, University of the Poonch, Rawalakot, District Poonch 12350, Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan
| | - Yaping Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Aoyun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Hammad Qamar
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Wangyuan Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaole Tong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jialu Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Mudassar Iqbal
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- University College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
- University College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Jiakui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi 860000, China.
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27
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van der Pol CW, van Roovert-Reijrink IAM, Gussekloo SWS, Kranenbarg S, Leon-Kloosterziel KM, van Eijk-Priester MH, Zeman M, Kemp B, van den Brand H. Effects of lighting schedule during incubation of broiler chicken embryos on leg bone development at hatch and related physiological characteristics. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0221083. [PMID: 31415653 PMCID: PMC6695123 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0221083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Providing a broiler chicken embryo with a lighting schedule during incubation may stimulate leg bone development. Bone development may be stimulated through melatonin, a hormone released in darkness that stimulates bone development, or increased activity in embryos exposed to a light-dark rhythm. Aim was to investigate lighting conditions during incubation and leg bone development in broiler embryos, and to reveal the involved mechanisms. Embryos were incubated under continuous cool white 500 lux LED light (24L), continuous darkness (24D), or 16h of light, followed by 8h of darkness (16L:8D) from the start of incubation until hatching. Embryonic bone development largely takes place through cartilage formation (of which collagen is an important component) and ossification. Expression of genes involved in cartilage formation (col1α2, col2α1, and col10α1) and ossification (spp1, sparc, bglap, and alpl) in the tibia on embryonic day (ED)13, ED17, and at hatching were measured through qPCR. Femur and tibia dimensions were determined at hatch. Plasma growth hormone and corticosterone and pineal melatonin concentrations were determined every 4h between ED18.75 and ED19.5. Embryonic heart rate was measured twice daily from ED12 till ED19 as a reflection of activity. No difference between lighting treatments on gene expression was found. 24D resulted in higher femur length and higher femur and tibia weight, width, and depth at hatch than 16L:8D. 24D furthermore resulted in higher femur length and width and tibia depth than 24L. Embryonic heart rate was higher for 24D and 16L:8D in both its light and dark period than for 24L, suggesting that 24L embryos may have been less active. Melatonin and growth hormone showed different release patterns between treatments, but the biological significance was hard to interpret. To conclude, 24D resulted in larger leg bones at hatch than light during incubation, but the underlying pathways were not clear from present data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla W. van der Pol
- Research department, HatchTech B.V., Veenendaal, the Netherlands
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Sander W. S. Gussekloo
- Experimental Zoology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Sander Kranenbarg
- Experimental Zoology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Margaretha H. van Eijk-Priester
- Research department, HatchTech B.V., Veenendaal, the Netherlands
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Michal Zeman
- Department of Animal Physiology and Ethology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
- Institute of Animal Biochemistry and Genetics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Bas Kemp
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Henry van den Brand
- Adaptation Physiology Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
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Srinivasaiah S, Musumeci G, Mohan T, Castrogiovanni P, Absenger-Novak M, Zefferer U, Mostofi S, Bonyadi Rad E, Grün NG, Weinberg AM, Schäfer U. A 300 μm Organotypic Bone Slice Culture Model for Temporal Investigation of Endochondral Osteogenesis. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2019; 25:197-212. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2018.0368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sriveena Srinivasaiah
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Research Unit for Experimental Neurotraumatology, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Human Anatomy and Histology Section, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Tamilselvan Mohan
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Laboratory for Characterization and Processing, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Paola Castrogiovanni
- Human Anatomy and Histology Section, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Ulrike Zefferer
- Research Unit for Experimental Neurotraumatology, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Sepideh Mostofi
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Ehsan Bonyadi Rad
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nicole Gabriele Grün
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Ute Schäfer
- Research Unit for Experimental Neurotraumatology, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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Marchini CFP, Café MB, Nascimento MRBDM, Fernandes EDA, Beletii ME, Guimarães EC. TIBIA BONE INTEGRITY IN BROILERS SUBJECTED TO CYCLIC HEAT STRESS. CIÊNCIA ANIMAL BRASILEIRA 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-6891v19e-38035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Macroscopic and microscopic changes in the epiphyseal region of the tibia were recorded in the 42nd day of life of broilers subjected to one-hour heat stress in different rearing phases. The treatments comprised both broilers reared under room temperature and humidity conditions from the 1st to the 42nd day of life (control) and broilers subjected to heat stress from the 16th to the 21st, from the 22nd to the 42nd, and from the 16th to the 42nd day of life. The adopted design was completely randomized with six replicates; 35 broilers were used in each experimental unit. Fragments from the epiphyseal region were extracted and sectioned lengthwise for macro and microscopic analyses. Data on tibia lesion scores were analyzed by Kruskal Wallis test at 5%. The one-hour cyclic heat stress did not change the morphologic integrity in the epiphyseal region of the tibia in the different treatments. Broilers subjected to one-hour cyclic heat stress did not develop lesions that suggested tibial dyschondroplasia, regardless of the rearing phase.
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30
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Wood CL, Soucek O, Wong SC, Zaman F, Farquharson C, Savendahl L, Ahmed SF. Animal models to explore the effects of glucocorticoids on skeletal growth and structure. J Endocrinol 2018; 236:R69-R91. [PMID: 29051192 DOI: 10.1530/joe-17-0361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoids (GCs) are effective for the treatment of many chronic conditions, but their use is associated with frequent and wide-ranging adverse effects including osteoporosis and growth retardation. The mechanisms that underlie the undesirable effects of GCs on skeletal development are unclear, and there is no proven effective treatment to combat them. An in vivo model that investigates the development and progression of GC-induced changes in bone is, therefore, important and a well-characterized pre-clinical model is vital for the evaluation of new interventions. Currently, there is no established animal model to investigate GC effects on skeletal development and there are pros and cons to consider with the different protocols used to induce osteoporosis and growth retardation. This review will summarize the literature and highlight the models and techniques employed in experimental studies to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire L Wood
- Division of Developmental BiologyRoslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ondrej Soucek
- Department of Paediatrics2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthKarolinska Institutet and Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Sze C Wong
- Developmental Endocrinology Research GroupSchool of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Farasat Zaman
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthKarolinska Institutet and Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Colin Farquharson
- Division of Developmental BiologyRoslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lars Savendahl
- Department of Women's and Children's HealthKarolinska Institutet and Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Faisal Ahmed
- Developmental Endocrinology Research GroupSchool of Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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31
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Evaluation of one-alpha-hydroxy-cholecalciferol alone or in combination with cholecalciferol in Ca-P deficiency diets on development of tibial dyschondroplasia in broiler chickens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 4:109-112. [PMID: 30167492 PMCID: PMC6112355 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to determine whether dietary cholecalciferol will alleviate a calcium and phosphorous (Ca—P) deficiency when one-alpha-hydroxy-cholecalciferol, 1α(OH)D3, is supplemented, and to determine the effects of adequate and inadequate Ca—P when 1α(OH)D3 is supplemented and vitamin D3 is adequate. A total of 144 one-d-old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were allocated to 3 treatments. The dietary treatments were as follows: treatment A, adequate Ca—P + cholecalciferol + 5 μg/kg 1α(OH)D3; treatment B, inadequate Ca—P + cholecalciferol + 5 μg/kg 1α(OH)D3; treatment C, inadequate Ca—P + 5 μg/kg 1α(OH)D3. All diets were mixed with 500 FTU/kg of phytase, and cholecalciferol was provided in 5,000 IU/kg except for treatment C that fed diets without vitamin D3. The Ca—P levels in the adequate diets were 0.90% Ca, 0.66% total phosphorus (tP); 0.75% Ca, 0.59% tP; 0.69% Ca, 0.54% tP for the starter, grower and finisher periods. At d 42 of age, broilers were inspected for incidence and severity of tibial dyschondroplasia (TD). The results showed that inadequate Ca—P supplementation with cholecalciferol significantly decreased the incidence of TD, score and tibia ash compared with broilers fed the same diet in the absence of cholecalciferol (P < 0.05). The broilers fed inadequate Ca—P diets with cholecalciferol were unable to achieve the same tibia ash and incidence of TD as those fed Ca—P adequate diets (P < 0.05). In conclusion, this trial suggests that broilers fed an inadequate Ca—P diet with 1α(OH)D3 and adequate level of cholecalciferol are unable to sufficient bone formation. There was no indication that 1α(OH)D3 in the absence of cholecalciferol was effective in reducing TD whereas it could improve tibia ash.
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Tabe S, Hikiji H, Ariyoshi W, Hashidate-Yoshida T, Shindou H, Shimizu T, Okinaga T, Seta Y, Tominaga K, Nishihara T. Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 4 is involved in chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells. Sci Rep 2017; 7:16701. [PMID: 29196633 PMCID: PMC5711957 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-16902-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycerophospholipids have important structural and functional roles in cells and are the main components of cellular membranes. Glycerophospholipids are formed via the de novo pathway (Kennedy pathway) and are subsequently matured in the remodeling pathway (Lands’ cycle). Lands’ cycle consists of two steps: deacylation of phospholipids by phospholipases A2 and reacylation of lysophospholipids by lysophospholipid acyltransferases (LPLATs). LPLATs play key roles in the maturation and maintenance of the fatty acid composition of biomembranes, and cell differentiation. We examined whether LPLATs are involved in chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells, which can differentiate into chondrocytes. Lysophosphatidylcholine acyltransferase 4 (LPCAT4) mRNA expression and LPCAT enzymatic activity towards 18:1-, 18:2-, 20:4-, and 22:6-CoA increased in the late stage of chondrogenic differentiation, when mineralization occurred. LPCAT4 knockdown decreased mRNA and protein levels of chondrogenic markers as well as Alcian blue staining intensity and alkaline phosphatase activity in ATDC5 cells. These results suggest that LPCAT4 plays important roles during the transition of chondrocytes into hypertrophic chondrocytes and/or a mineralized phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirou Tabe
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan.,Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Science of Physical Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Hisako Hikiji
- School of Oral Health Sciences, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan.
| | - Wataru Ariyoshi
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Tomomi Hashidate-Yoshida
- Department of Lipid Signaling, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan
| | - Hideo Shindou
- Department of Lipid Signaling, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.,Agency for Medical Research and Development-Core Research for Evolutional Medical Science and Technology (AMED-CREST), AMED, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 100-0004, Japan
| | - Takao Shimizu
- Department of Lipid Signaling, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8655, Japan.,Department of Lipidomics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan
| | - Toshinori Okinaga
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Yuji Seta
- Division of Anatomy, Department of Health Improvement, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tominaga
- Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Science of Physical Functions, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
| | - Tatsuji Nishihara
- Division of Infections and Molecular Biology, Department of Health Promotion, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 803-8580, Japan
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Mehmood K, Zhang H, Iqbal MK, Rehman MU, Shahzad M, Li K, Huang S, Nabi F, Zhang L, Li J. In VitroEffect of Apigenin and Danshen in Tibial Dyschondroplasia Through Inhibition of Heat-Shock Protein 90 and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Expressions in Avian Growth Plate Cells. Avian Dis 2017; 61:372-377. [DOI: 10.1637/11641-032817-regr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Mehmood
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
- University College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Islamia University of Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Kashif Iqbal
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Mujeeb Ur Rehman
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Shahzad
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
- University College of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, Islamia University of Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Kun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Shucheng Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Fazul Nabi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Lihong Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiakui Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, People's Republic of China
- College of Animals Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Linzhi, Tibet 860000, People's Republic of China
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Invited review: resource allocation mismatch as pathway to disproportionate growth in farm animals - prerequisite for a disturbed health. Animal 2017; 12:528-536. [PMID: 28803599 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731117002051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The availability of resources including energy, nutrients and (developmental) time has a crucial impact on productivity of farm animals. Availability of energy and nutrients depends on voluntary feed intake and intestinal digestive and absorptive capacity at optimal feeding conditions. Availability of time is provided by the management in animal production. According to the resource allocation theory, resources have to be allocated between maintenance, ontogenic growth, production and reproduction during lifetime. Priorities for these processes are mainly determined by the genetic background, the rearing system and the feeding regimen. Aim of this review was to re-discuss the impact of a proper resource allocation for a long and healthy life span in farm animals. Using the barrel model of resource allocation, resource fluxes were explained and were implemented to specific productive life conditions of different farm animal species, dairy cows, sows and poultry. Hypothetically, resource allocation mismatch neglecting maintenance is a central process, which might be associated with morphological constraints of extracellular matrix components; evidence for that was found in the literature. A potential consequence of this limitation is a phenomenon called disproportionate growth, which counteracts the genetically determined scaling rules for body and organ proportions and could have a strong impact on farm animal health and production.
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Stanquevis C, Marcato S, Furlan A, Perine T, Batista E, Grieser D, Zancanela V, Benites M. Níveis de suplementação de vitamina K para codornas de corte em crescimento de 15 a 35 dias de idade. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2017. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-9445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO O presente experimento foi realizado com o objetivo de determinar os níveis de suplementação de vitamina K para codornas de corte. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente ao acaso, com oito tratamentos, cinco repetições e 38 codornas por unidade experimental. Os níveis de suplementação de vitamina K foram: 0; 0,7; 1,0; 1,3; 1,6; 1,9; 2,2; 2,5mg/kg de ração. Não houve influência dos níveis de suplementação de vitamina K sobre o consumo de ração, peso corporal, ganho de peso, biomassa corporal acumulada e conversão alimentar, como também não foram alterados o peso, a densidade óssea, a resistência óssea e a concentração de cinzas no fêmur e na tíbia, o comprimento e o índice de Seedor do fêmur e o diâmetro da tíbia. O diâmetro e a concentração de cálcio no fêmur bem como o comprimento e a concentração de cálcio na tíbia responderam de forma quadrática (P<0,05), sendo os melhores níveis encontrados de 1,33; 1,42; 1,59 e 1,42mg de vitamina K, respectivamente. O tempo de protrombina, a concentração de cálcio no soro e a fosfatase alcalina também não foram afetados significativamente. Conclui-se que os níveis de suplementação não influenciaram o desempenho, portanto rações à base de milho e farelo de soja são suficientes para atender às necessidades de vitamina K das codornas nessa fase.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - E. Batista
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Brazil
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Prospects and limitations of improving skeletal growth in a mouse model of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia caused by R992C (p.R1192C) substitution in collagen II. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172068. [PMID: 28182776 PMCID: PMC5300241 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal dysplasias form a group of skeletal disorders caused by mutations in macromolecules of cartilage and bone. The severity of skeletal dysplasias ranges from precocious arthropathy to perinatal lethality. Although the pathomechanisms of these disorders are generally well defined, the feasibility of repairing established aberrant skeletal tissues that developed in the presence of mutant molecules is currently unknown. Here, we employed a validated mouse model of spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia (SED) that enables temporal control of the production of the R992C (p.R1192C) collagen II mutant that causes this disease. Although in our earlier studies we determined that blocking the expression of this mutant at the early prenatal stages prevents a SED phenotype, the utility of blocking the R992C collagen II at the postnatal stages is not known. Here, by switching off the expression of R992C collagen II at various postnatal stages of skeletal development, we determined that significant improvements of cartilage and bone morphology were achieved only when blocking the production of the mutant molecules was initiated in newborn mice. Our study indicates that future therapies of skeletal dysplasias may require defining a specific time window when interventions should be applied to be successful.
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Houston DA, Staines KA, MacRae VE, Farquharson C. Culture of Murine Embryonic Metatarsals: A Physiological Model of Endochondral Ossification. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 28060328 PMCID: PMC5226350 DOI: 10.3791/54978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The fundamental process of endochondral ossification is under tight regulation in the healthy individual so as to prevent disturbed development and/or longitudinal bone growth. As such, it is imperative that we further our understanding of the underpinning molecular mechanisms involved in such disorders so as to provide advances towards human and animal patient benefit. The mouse metatarsal organ explant culture is a highly physiological ex vivo model for studying endochondral ossification and bone growth as the growth rate of the bones in culture mimic that observed in vivo. Uniquely, the metatarsal organ culture allows the examination of chondrocytes in different phases of chondrogenesis and maintains cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, therefore providing conditions closer to the in vivo situation than cells in monolayer or 3D culture. This protocol describes in detail the intricate dissection of embryonic metatarsals from the hind limb of E15 murine embryos and the subsequent analyses that can be performed in order to examine endochondral ossification and longitudinal bone growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean A Houston
- Developmental Biology, The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, The University of Edinburgh;
| | - Katherine A Staines
- Developmental Biology, The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, The University of Edinburgh
| | - Vicky E MacRae
- Developmental Biology, The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, The University of Edinburgh
| | - Colin Farquharson
- Developmental Biology, The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, The University of Edinburgh
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Mendes AS, Paixão SJ, Sikorski RR, Bonamigo DV, Morello MG, Ponzoni RAR. Photogrammetry: a Non-Invasive and Objective Method for Detecting Locomotion Problems in Broiler Chickens. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9061-2015-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- AS Mendes
- Technological Federal University of Paraná, Brazil
| | - SJ Paixão
- Federal University of Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - RR Sikorski
- Technological Federal University of Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | - RAR Ponzoni
- Technological Federal University of Paraná, Brazil
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39
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Abubakar AA, Noordin MM, Azmi TI, Kaka U, Loqman MY. The use of rats and mice as animal models in ex vivo bone growth and development studies. Bone Joint Res 2016; 5:610-618. [PMID: 27965220 PMCID: PMC5227059 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.512.bjr-2016-0102.r2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
In vivo animal experimentation has been one of the cornerstones of biological and biomedical research, particularly in the field of clinical medicine and pharmaceuticals. The conventional in vivo model system is invariably associated with high production costs and strict ethical considerations. These limitations led to the evolution of an ex vivo model system which partially or completely surmounted some of the constraints faced in an in vivo model system. The ex vivo rodent bone culture system has been used to elucidate the understanding of skeletal physiology and pathophysiology for more than 90 years. This review attempts to provide a brief summary of the historical evolution of the rodent bone culture system with emphasis on the strengths and limitations of the model. It encompasses the frequency of use of rats and mice for ex vivo bone studies, nutritional requirements in ex vivo bone growth and emerging developments and technologies. This compilation of information could assist researchers in the field of regenerative medicine and bone tissue engineering towards a better understanding of skeletal growth and development for application in general clinical medicine.Cite this article: A. A. Abubakar, M. M. Noordin, T. I. Azmi, U. Kaka, M. Y. Loqman. The use of rats and mice as animal models in ex vivo bone growth and development studies. Bone Joint Res 2016;5:610-618. DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.512.BJR-2016-0102.R2.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Abubakar
- Department of Pre-Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - M M Noordin
- Department of Pre-Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - T I Azmi
- Department of Pre-Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - U Kaka
- Department of Pre-Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
| | - M Y Loqman
- Department of Pre-Clinical Veterinary Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
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Abstract
Fertile eggs from Cobb 500 broiler breeder hens were incubated to provide low starting egg shell temperatures (EST; 36.9°C to 37.3°C) which were gradually increased to 37.8°C during the first 7 to 15 days of incubation compared with eggs incubated with a constant EST of 37.8°C (standard conditions) over the first 18 days of incubation. Time of individual chick hatching (measured at 6 h intervals from 468 h of incubation), chick weight, chick length and yolk weight were measured at take-off and BW was measured at 7, 14, 28, 34 and 42 days of age. Male birds at 34 and 42 days of age were assessed for their ability to remain standing in a latency-to-lie test. At 34 and 42 days, male birds were examined for leg symmetry, foot pad dermatitis, hock bruising and scored (scale 0 to 4, where 0=no lesion and 4=lesions extending completely across the tibial growth plate) for tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) lesions. The lower EST profiles caused chicks to hatch later than those incubated under the standard EST profile. Chicks which hatched at ⩽498 h incubation grew faster over the first 7 days than those that hatched later. There were significantly more birds (only males were studied) that hatched from the lower EST profiles with TD scores of 0 and 1 and fewer with score 4 at 34 days than those hatched under the standard profile. Male birds at 34 days with TD lesions ⩾3 stood for significantly shorter times than males with TD scores ⩽2. Moreover, male birds at 34 and 42 days with TD lesion scores of ⩾3 hatched significantly earlier and grew significantly faster over the first 2 weeks of age than did male birds with TD scores ⩽2. It appears possible to decrease the severity and prevalence of TD in the Cobb 500 broiler by ensuring that the birds do not hatch before 498 h of incubation.
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Hosseini SJ, Kermanshahi H, Nassirimoghaddam H, Nabipour A, Mirakzeh MT, Saleh H, Kazemifard M. Effects of 1.25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol and Hydroalcoholic Extract of Withania Coagulans Fruit on Bone Mineralization and Mechanical and Histological Properties of Male Broiler Chickens. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/18069061-2015-0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - H Saleh
- Higher Educational Complex of Saravan, Iran
| | - M Kazemifard
- Sari Agricultural Science and Natural Resources University, Irã
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42
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Wideman RF. Bacterial chondronecrosis with osteomyelitis and lameness in broilers: a review. Poult Sci 2016; 95:325-44. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pev320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
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Santa Maria C, Cheng Z, Li A, Wang J, Shoback D, Tu CL, Chang W. Interplay between CaSR and PTH1R signaling in skeletal development and osteoanabolism. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 49:11-23. [PMID: 26688334 PMCID: PMC4761456 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone (PTH)-related peptide (PTHrP) controls the pace of pre- and post-natal growth plate development by activating the PTH1R in chondrocytes, while PTH maintains mineral and skeletal homeostasis by modulating calciotropic activities in kidneys, gut, and bone. The extracellular calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is a member of family C, G protein-coupled receptor, which regulates mineral and skeletal homeostasis by controlling PTH secretion in parathyroid glands and Ca(2+) excretion in kidneys. Recent studies showed the expression of CaSR in chondrocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts and confirmed its non-redundant roles in modulating the recruitment, proliferation, survival, and differentiation of the cells. This review emphasizes the actions of CaSR and PTH1R signaling responses in cartilage and bone and discusses how these two signaling cascades interact to control growth plate development and maintain skeletal metabolism in physiological and pathological conditions. Lastly, novel therapeutic regimens that exploit interrelationship between the CaSR and PTH1R are proposed to produce more robust osteoanabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Santa Maria
- Endocrine Research Unit, University of California, San Francisco, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Zhiqiang Cheng
- Endocrine Research Unit, University of California, San Francisco, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alfred Li
- Endocrine Research Unit, University of California, San Francisco, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jiali Wang
- Endocrine Research Unit, University of California, San Francisco, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Dolores Shoback
- Endocrine Research Unit, University of California, San Francisco, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Chia-Ling Tu
- Endocrine Research Unit, University of California, San Francisco, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Wenhan Chang
- Endocrine Research Unit, University of California, San Francisco, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.
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Sharafeldin TA, Mor SK, Bekele AZ, Verma H, Noll SL, Goyal SM, Porter RE. Experimentally induced lameness in turkeys inoculated with a newly emergent turkey reovirus. Vet Res 2015; 46:11. [PMID: 25828424 PMCID: PMC4337105 DOI: 10.1186/s13567-015-0144-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 01/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Newly emergent turkey arthritis reoviruses (TARVs) have been isolated from cases of lameness in male turkeys over 10 weeks of age. In a previous study, experimental inoculation of TARV in one-week-old turkey poults produced lymphocytic tenosynovitis at four weeks post inoculation but without causing clinical lameness. This study was undertaken to determine if TARV infection at an early age can lead to clinical lameness in birds as they age. One-week-old male turkeys were inoculated orally with a TARV (strain TARV-O'Neil) and monitored for the development of gait defects until 16 weeks of age. At 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks of age, a subset of birds was euthanized followed by the collection of gastrocnemius tendon, digital flexor tendon, and intestines for virus detection by rRT-PCR and for histologic inflammation scoring. Clinical lameness was first displayed in TARV-infected turkeys at 8 weeks of age and ruptured gastrocnemius tendons with progressive lameness were also seen at 12-16 weeks of age. The virus was detected in gastrocnemius tendon of 4- 8- and 12-week-old turkeys but not in 16-week-old turkeys. Histologic inflammation scores of tendons at each of the four time points were significantly higher in the virus-inoculated group than in the control group (p < 0.01). Lesions began as lymphocytic tenosynovitis with mild synoviocyte hyperplasia at four weeks of age and progressed to fibrosis as the birds aged. These results demonstrate the potential of TARV to infect young turkeys and to produce subclinical tenosynovitis that becomes clinically demonstrable as the turkeys age.
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Zhang JP, Deng YF, Zhou ZL, Hou JF. Expression and identification of recombinant chicken vascular endothelial growth factor in Pichia pastoris and its role in the pathogenesis of tibial dyschondroplasia. Poult Sci 2013; 92:3214-27. [DOI: 10.3382/ps.2013-03420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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46
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Mirakzehi M, Kermanshahi H, Golian A, Raji A. The effects of dietary 1, 25-dihydroxycholecalciferol and hydroalcoholic extract ofWithania somniferaroot on bone mineralisation, strength and histological characteristics in broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci 2013; 54:789-800. [DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2013.850469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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47
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Nie W, Yang Y, Yuan J, Wang Z, Guo Y. Effect of dietary nonphytate phosphorus on laying performance and small intestinal epithelial phosphate transporter expression in Dwarf pink-shell laying hens. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2013; 4:34. [PMID: 24028402 PMCID: PMC3849798 DOI: 10.1186/2049-1891-4-34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study examined the effects of various levels of dietary nonphytate phosphorus on laying performance and the expression patterns of phosphorus metabolism related genes in Dwarf pink-shell laying hens. A total of 405 28-week-old Dwarf pink-shell laying hens were fed the same corn-soybean basal meals but containing 0.20%, 0.25%, 0.30%, 0.35% or 0.40% nonphytate phosphorus. The results showed that feed intake, egg production, and average egg weights were quadratically correlated with dietary nonphytate phosphorus content (P < 0.05), and the highest egg production, feed intake and average egg weights were achieved when dietary nonphytate phosphorus was at 0.3% (P < 0.05). mRNA expression of intestinal sodium phosphorus co-transporter linearly decreased when dietary nonphytate phosphorus increased. mRNA and protein expression of intestinal calbindin and vitamin D receptor correlated quadratically with dietary nonphytate phosphorus, and the highest expression was found when dietary available phosphorus was at 0.25% to 0.3%. In conclusion, the ideal phosphorus requirement for Dwarf pink-shell layer hens is estimated to be 0.3% in a corn-soybean diet. With this level of phosphorus supplementation, calbindin and vitamin D receptor reached their highest expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
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The Ihh signal is essential for regulating proliferation and hypertrophy of cultured chicken chondrocytes. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2013; 166:117-22. [PMID: 23928032 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2013.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Revised: 07/29/2013] [Accepted: 07/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The Indian hedgehog (Ihh) signal plays a vital role in regulating proliferation and hypertrophy of chondrocytes. To investigate its function in postnatal chicken (Gallus gallus) chondrocytes, cyclopamine was used to inhibit Ihh signaling. The MTT and ALP assays revealed the downgrade-proliferation and upgrade-differentiation of chondrocytes. To further elucidate the mechanism, the mRNA expression levels of Ihh, parathyroid hormone related protein (PTHrP), Gli-2, Bcl-2, Bone Morphogenetic Protein 6 (BMP-6), type X collagen (Col X) and type II collagen (Col II) were detected by quantitative real-time RT-PCR analysis, and the protein expressions of Ihh, Col X, and Col II were determined using Western blot analysis. After the Ihh signal was blocked, chondrocytes demonstrated high expression levels of PTHrP and Col X and low levels of Gli-2, BMP-6, Bcl-2 and Col II although Ihh expression was increased. Based on these results, the Ihh signal is essential for balancing chicken chondrocyte proliferation and hypertrophy, and the regulatory function of PTHrP acts in an Ihh-dependent manner. Furthermore, BMP-6 and Bcl-2 played roles in maintaining the development of chondrocytes and may be downstream regulatory factors of Ihh signaling.
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49
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Bone response of broiler chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus) induced by corticosterone. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2013; 164:410-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2012.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2012] [Revised: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 12/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Fothergill BT, Thomas R, Morris J. Avian tibial dyschondroplasia in 19th-century turkey (Meleagris gallopavo L. 1758) remains from the Royal London Hospital. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PALEOPATHOLOGY 2012. [PMID: 29539372 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpp.2012.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we call attention to the first recorded archaeological examples of avian tibial dyschondroplasia. This condition is identified in three turkey (Meleagris gallopavo L. 1758) tibiotarsi from the Royal London Hospital site in London, UK. The lesions are described, radiographed and differentially diagnosed. Recognition of this condition testifies to the pace of breed development in the 19th-century and the unintended health consequences of 'improvement'.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Richard Thomas
- School of Archaeology and Ancient History, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.
| | - James Morris
- Museum of London Archaeology, Mortimer Wheeler House, London N1 7ED, UK.
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