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Qiu K, Wang XC, Wang J, Wang H, Qi GH, Zhang HJ, Wu SG. Comparison of amino acid digestibility of soybean meal, cottonseed meal, and low-gossypol cottonseed meal between broilers and laying hens. Anim Biosci 2023; 36:619-628. [PMID: 36108696 PMCID: PMC9996273 DOI: 10.5713/ab.22.0073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine and compare the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) in soybean meal (SBM), cottonseed meal (CSM), and low-gossypol cottonseed meal (LCSM) fed to broiler chickens and laying hens. METHODS Three semi-purified diets containing the identical crude protein concentration at 20% were formulated to contain SBM, CSM, or LCSM as the sole source of N. A N-free diet was also formulated to estimate the basal ileal endogenous losses of AA for broilers and hens. A total of 300 male Ross 308 chicks at one-day-old and 144 Hy-Line Brown laying hens at 30-week-old with initial egg production rate of 88.3%±1.0% were randomly allocated into 1 of 4 dietary treatments, respectively. RESULTS CSM and LCSM showed more Arg and Cys+Met while less Lys, Ile, Leu, and Thr relative to SBM. Significant interactions existed between species and experimental diets for AID (except for Arg, Asp, Glu, Gly, and Pro) and SID (except for Arg, His, and Phe) of most AA. Most AA in diets showed higher AID (except for Lys) and SID (except for Lys, Met, and Ser) in broilers relative to laying hens. The AID and SID of all AA were significantly different between the three diets. In broilers, the AID and SID of most indispensable AA except for Arg in SBM and LCSM was higher than CSM. In laying hens, the AID and SID of most indispensable AA except for Arg, Met+Cys, and Phe in SBM was higher than CSM and LCSM. CONCLUSION The accurate determination of AID and SID of AA in CSM and LCSM for broilers and layers benefits the application of CSM and LCSM in chicken diets. The cottonseed by-products CSM or LCSM showed the species-specific AA digestibility values for broilers and layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Qiu
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiao-Cui Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jing Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hao Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Guang-Hai Qi
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hai-Jun Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Shu-Geng Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Biological Feed, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Wang C, Yuan T, Yang J, Zheng W, Wu Q, Zhu K, Mou X, Wang L, Nie K, Li X, Zhu Y. Responses of Combined Non-starch Polysaccharide Enzymes and Protease on Growth Performance, Meat Quality, and Nutrient Digestibility of Yellow-Feathered Broilers Fed With Diets With Different Crude Protein Levels. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:946204. [PMID: 35923817 PMCID: PMC9339981 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.946204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the responses of non-starch polysaccharide (NSP) enzymes and protease combination on growth performance, meat quality, and nutrients digestibility of yellow-feathered broilers fed with corn-soybean meal basal diets with normal and subnormal crude protein (CP) levels. The experimental design was completely randomized with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments, including six replicates of 20 birds per pen. Two basal diets were formulated with normal CP level as positive control (PC) and subnormal CP level without extra essential amino acid (AA) supplementation as negative control (NC). The basal diets were supplemented without or with NSP enzymes and protease. Broilers fed with the NC diet had lower (P < 0.05) final body weight (BW), average daily weight gain (ADG) on days 1–21, 22–56 and 1–56 and higher (P < 0.05) feed-to-gain ratio (F/G) on day 22–56 than those fed with PC diet. The broilers fed with the NC diet had higher (P < 0.05) L* and b* values in thigh muscle, crypt depth in the duodenum, and dry matter (DM) digestibility as well as lower (P < 0.05) villus height, musculature thicknesses, and villus height: crypt depth in the duodenum than those fed with the PC diet. Dietary NSP enzymes and protease combination increased (P < 0.05) the ADG and F/G of the broilers on days 1–56, and pH values in breast and thigh muscles as well as the digestibility of DM, gross energy (GE), CP and most AAs of the broilers on day 56. Compared with the PC diet, the combination of NSP enzymes and protease exhibited greater (P < 0.05) improvements in the digestibility of DM, CP, and some AAs (Asp, Ile, and Leu) in the broilers fed with the NC diet. In conclusion, reducing CP diet without essential AA supplementation impaired the growth performance and meat color of the thigh muscles of the broilers. The combination of NSP enzymes and protease effectively improved the growth performance, meat quality, and nutritional values of the broilers. In terms of the digestibility of DM, CP, and some AAs, the magnitude of response to the addition of NSP enzymes and protease was greater in the low nutritional-quality diet with a subnormal CP level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyong Wang
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tong Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Guangdong Guang Ken Animal Husbandry Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenxuan Zheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qilin Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kaixuan Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiangyu Mou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lizhi Wang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Health, Kemin (China) Technologies Co., Ltd., Zhuhai, China
| | - Kangkang Nie
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Health, Kemin (China) Technologies Co., Ltd., Zhuhai, China
| | - Xinyun Li
- Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Xinyun Li
| | - Yongwen Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Yongwen Zhu
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Pirzado SA, Hassan FU, Arain MA, Zhengke W, Huiyi C, Haile TH, Guohua L. Effect of azomite on growth performance, nutrient utilization, serum biochemical index and bone mineralization of broilers fed low protein diet. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1953409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shoaib Ahmed Pirzado
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan
| | - Faiz ul Hassan
- Institute of Animal and Dairy Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asif Arain
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lasbela University of Agriculture, Water and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Pakistan
| | - Wu Zhengke
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cai Huiyi
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tesfay Hagos Haile
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Guohua
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Agricultural Ministry, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Attia YA, Bovera F, Wang J, Al-Harthi MA, Kim WK. Multiple Amino Acid Supplementations to Low-Protein Diets: Effect on Performance, Carcass Yield, Meat Quality and Nitrogen Excretion of Finishing Broilers under Hot Climate Conditions. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E973. [PMID: 32503244 PMCID: PMC7341316 DOI: 10.3390/ani10060973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of low-protein diets with amino acid supplementation on growth performance, carcass yield, meat quality and nitrogen excretion of broilers raised under hot climate conditions during the finisher period. In trial 1, broilers from 28 to 49 days of age were fed 18% crude protein (CP) as a positive control or 15% CP supplemented with (1) DL-methionine (Met) + L-lysine (Lys), (2) Met + Lys + L-Arginine (Arg), or (3) Met + Lys + L-Valine (Val). In trial 2, broilers from 30 to 45 days of age, were fed an 18% CP diet as a positive control or 15% CP supplemented with Met, Lys, Arg, Val, L-Isoleucine (Ile) or combination with glycine (Gly) and/or urea as nitrogen sources: (1) Met + Lys, (2) Met + Lys + Arg, (3) Met + Lys + Val, (4) Met + Lys + Ile, (5) Met + Lys + Arg +Val + Ile + Gly, and (6) Met+ Lys + Arg + Val + Ile + Gly + urea. Protein use was improved by feeding low-protein amino acid-supplemented diets as compared to the high-protein diet. Feeding 15% crude protein diet supplemented with only methionine and lysine had no negative effects on carcass yield, CP, total lipids and moisture% of breast meat while decreasing nitrogen excretion by 21%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youssef A. Attia
- Arid Land Agriculture Department, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Fulvia Bovera
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Napoli Federico II, via F. Delpino1, 80137 Napoli, Italy
| | - Jinquan Wang
- Department of Poultry science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
| | - Mohammed A. Al-Harthi
- Arid Land Agriculture Department, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Woo Kyun Kim
- Department of Poultry science, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA;
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Abdallh ME, Musigwa S, Ahiwe EU, Chang'a EP, Al-Qahtani M, Bhuiyan M, Iji PA. Replacement value of cottonseed meal for soybean meal in broiler chicken diets with or without microbial enzymes. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2020; 62:159-173. [PMID: 32292923 PMCID: PMC7142281 DOI: 10.5187/jast.2020.62.2.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A 4×2 factorial feeding trial was designed to investigate the effect of
replacing soybean meal (SBM) with cottonseed meal (CSM) in
wheat/sorghum/SBM-based diets fed with or without microbial enzymes in diets on
the performance, visceral organ development and digestibility of nutrients of
broiler chickens. Four graded levels of CSM - none (0%), low (4%, 8%, and 12%),
medium (5%, 10%, and 15%), and high (6%, 12%, and 18%) of complete diets in
starter, grower and finisher, respectively were fed with or without 100 mg/kg of
xylanase and β-glucanase blend. Eight isocaloric and isonitrogenous diets
were formulated using least-cost method to meet the nutrient specifications of
Ross 308 male broilers. Each treatment was randomly assigned to 6 replicates (10
birds per replicate). There were CSM-enzyme interactions (p
< 0.05) on feed intake (FI) and weight gain (WG) in the starter phase. Enzyme
supplementation improved (p < 0.05) feed conversion ratio
(FCR) in the grower and finisher phases, and increased WG in growing and
finishing birds. CSM inclusion reduced (p < 0.05) the weight
of gizzard and proventriculus in starter chicks, while these organs were bigger
(p < 0.05) in the grower phase. The test ingredient
decreased (p < 0.05) small intestinal weight in starter and
grower birds. The CSM increased the absolute weight of thighs
(p < 0.05) while breast meat was increased
(p < 0.01) by enzyme addition. Starch digestibility was
improved (p < 0.01) by enzyme inclusion and decreased
(p < 0.01) by CSM. Enzyme supplementation improved
(p < 0.05) the ileal digestibility of gross energy and
protein. The results demonstrate that CSM can substitute up to 90% SBM in
broiler chicken diets without compromising performance, and the nutritive value
of CSM-containing diets can effectively be improved by enzyme
supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Medani Eldow Abdallh
- Department of Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.,University of Khartoum, Department of Poultry Production, Khartoum 13314, Sudan
| | - Sosthene Musigwa
- Department of Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Uchenna Ahiwe
- Department of Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.,Department of Animal Science and Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, 1526, Nigeria
| | - Edwin Peter Chang'a
- Department of Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.,Tanzania Livestock Research Institute, P.O. Box 352, TALIRI-Mabuki, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Mohamed Al-Qahtani
- Department of Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - Momenuzzaman Bhuiyan
- Department of Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia
| | - Paul Ade Iji
- Department of Animal Science, School of Environmental and Rural Sciences, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia.,College of Agriculture, Fisheries & Forestry, Fiji National University, P.O. Box 1544 Nausori, Fiji
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Lin Law F, Idrus Z, Soleimani Farjam A, Juan Boo L, Awad EA. Effects of protease supplementation of low protein and/or energy diets on growth performance and blood parameters in broiler chickens under heat stress condition. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2018.1557019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fang Lin Law
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zulkifli Idrus
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Animal Science, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Liang Juan Boo
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Elmutaz Atta Awad
- Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Food Security, University Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Department of Poultry Production, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
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7
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Wang X, Zhang H, Wang H, Yue H, Wang J, Wu S, Qi G. Effect of different protein ingredients on performance, egg quality, organ health, and jejunum morphology of laying hens. Poult Sci 2017; 96:1316-1324. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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8
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Xiong J, Wang Z, Miao L, Meng F, Wu L. Growth performance and toxic response of broilers
fed diets containing fermented or unfermented cottonseed meal. JOURNAL OF ANIMAL AND FEED SCIENCES 2016. [DOI: 10.22358/jafs/67667/2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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9
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Perella F, Mugnai C, Bosco AD, Sirri F, Cestola E, Castellini C. Faba bean (Vicia fabavar.minor) as a protein source for organic chickens: performance and carcass characteristics. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2009.575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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10
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Bosco AD, Ruggeri S, Mattioli S, Mugnai C, Sirri F, Castellini C. Effect of Faba BeanVicia FabaVar.Minor) Inclusion in Starter and Growing Diet on Performance, Carcass and Meat Characteristics of Organic Slow-Growing Chickens. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2013.e76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Awad EA, Zulkifli I, Farjam AS, Chwen LT. Amino Acids Fortification of Low-protein Diet for Broilers Under Tropical Climate. 2. Nonessential Amino Acids and Increasing Essential Amino Acids. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.4081/ijas.2014.3297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Nayefi M, Salari S, Sari M, Behgar M. Nutritional Value of electron beam irradiated cottonseed meal in broiler chickens. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2015; 100:643-8. [PMID: 26621476 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Nayefi
- Department of Animal Science; Food Science and Animal Science Faculty; Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University; Ahwaz Iran
| | - S. Salari
- Department of Animal Science; Food Science and Animal Science Faculty; Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University; Ahwaz Iran
| | - M. Sari
- Department of Animal Science; Food Science and Animal Science Faculty; Ramin Agricultural and Natural Resources University; Ahwaz Iran
| | - M. Behgar
- Agricultural, Medical and Industrial Research School; Nuclear Science & Technology Research Institute; Karaj Iran
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Awad E, Zulkifli I, Soleimani A, Loh T. Individual non-essential amino acids fortification of a low-protein diet for broilers under the hot and humid tropical climate. Poult Sci 2015; 94:2772-7. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pev258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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He T, Zhang H, Wang J, Wu S, Yue H, Qi G. Application of low-gossypol cottonseed meal in laying hens’ diet. Poult Sci 2015; 94:2456-63. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pev247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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15
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Tang JW, Sun H, Yao XH, Wu YF, Wang X, Feng J. Effects of Replacement of Soybean Meal by Fermented Cottonseed Meal on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Parameters and Immune Function of Yellow-feathered Broilers. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2014; 25:393-400. [PMID: 25049578 PMCID: PMC4092957 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.2011.11381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2011] [Revised: 12/27/2011] [Accepted: 12/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The study was conducted to examine the effects of partially replacing soybean meal (SBM) by solid-state fermented cottonseed meal (FCSM) on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters and immune function of broilers. After inoculated with Bacillus subtilis BJ-1 for 48 h, the content of free gossypol in cottonseed meal was decreased from 0.82 to 0.21 g/kg. A total of 600, day-old male yellow-feathered broilers were randomly divided into four groups with three replicates of 50 chicks each. A corn-SBM based control diet was formulated and the experimental diets included 4, 8 or 12% FCSM, replacing SBM. Throughout the experiment, broilers fed 8% FCSM had higher (p<0.05) body weight gain than those fed 0, 4 and 12% FCSM. The feed intake in 8% FCSM group was superior (p<0.05) to other treatments from d 21 to 42. On d 21, the concentration of serum immunoglobin M in the 4% and 8% FCSM groups, as well as the content of complements (C3, C4) in 8% FCSM group were greater (p<0.05) than those in the SBM group. Besides, birds fed 8% FCSM had increased (p<0.05) serum immunoglobin M, immunoglobulin G and complement C4 levels on d 42 compared with bird fed control diet. No differences (p>0.05) were found between treatments regarding the serum biochemical parameters and the relative weights of immune organs. In conclusion, FCSM can be used in broiler diets at up to 12% of the total diet and an appropriate replacement of SBM with FCSM may improve growth performance and immunity in broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Tang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 388, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - H Sun
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 388, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - X H Yao
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 388, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Y F Wu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 388, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - X Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 388, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - J Feng
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, No. 388, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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16
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Zeng QF, Yang GL, Liu GN, Wang JP, Bai SP, Ding XM, Luo YH, Zhang KY. Effects of dietary gossypol concentration on growth performance, blood profiles, and hepatic histopathology in meat ducks. Poult Sci 2014; 93:2000-9. [PMID: 24902707 PMCID: PMC4988539 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2013-03841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effects of gossypol from cottonseed meal (CSM) on growth performance, blood biochemical profiles, and liver histopathology of ducks. A total of 900 1-d-old ducks were randomly allocated to 5 treatments with 12 pens/treatment and 15 ducks/pen. The 5 experimental diets were formulated in such a way that 0% (a corn-soybean meal basal diet, diet 1), 25% (diet 2), 50% (diet 3), 75% (diet 4), and 100% (diet 5) of protein from soybean meal were replaced with that from CSM. All diets were formulated on a digestible amino acid basis. The experiment included 2 phases, the starter phase (1 to 3 wk) where the test diets contained graded levels of CSM and the growth phase (4 to 5 wk) where birds were fed a corn-soybean basal diet to examine the recovery of ducks after CSM withdrawal. Dietary CSM and gossypol linearly (P < 0.01) and quadratically (P < 0.01) decreased ADG and ADFI during d 1 to 14. The threshold of daily total gossypol (TG) and free gossypol (FG) intake based on ADG on d 1 to 7 and d 7 to 14 were 32.20 and 2.64 mg/d, and 92.12 and 9.62 mg/d, respectively. Serum alanine aminotransferase increased (P < 0.05) linearly with increasing level of gossypol in the diets (d 7), whereas aspartate aminotransferase increased (P < 0.05) linearly and quadratically (d 14). Serum albumin concentration decreased (P < 0.05) quadratically with increasing dietary CSM concentrations on d 21. The degree of damage to the liver increased markedly with increasing dietary CSM and gossypol content and the length of CSM and gossypol intake. On d 35, there was no difference on BW and blood profiles of ducks among all treatments. These results suggest that meat ducks’ dietary TG and FG concentration should be lower than 928.9 and 77.2 mg/kg, respectively, during d 1 to 21 of age and that a 2-wk withdrawal of diets containing gossypol should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q F Zeng
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130
| | - G L Yang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130
| | - G N Liu
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130
| | - J P Wang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130
| | - S P Bai
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130
| | - X M Ding
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130
| | - Y H Luo
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130
| | - K Y Zhang
- Institute of Animal Nutrition, Key Laboratory for Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition of China, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China, 611130
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Mandal AB, Elangovan AV, Shrivastav AK, Johri AK, Kaur S, Johri TS. Comparison of broiler chicken performance when fed diets containing meals of Bollgard II hybrid cotton containingCry-X gene(Cry1AcandCry2Ab gene), parental line or commercial cotton. Br Poult Sci 2010; 45:657-63. [PMID: 15623220 DOI: 10.1080/00071660400006446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
(1) Total and free gossypol contents were 6.2 and 0.8, 5.4 and 0.5, and 6.1 and 0.7 g/kg in meals processed (solvent extracted) from Bollgard (BG) II, non-BG II or commercial cottonseeds, respectively. (2) Broiler chicks were given one of 7 dietary treatments (iso-nitrogenous, 220 and 195 g crude protein/ kg diet at 0 to 21 and 21 to 42 d, respectively, at a metabolisable energy concentration of 12.15 MJ/kg). The treatments were: D1 (control, soybean meal [SBM] based), D2 and D3 (commercial CSM at 100 g/kg of diet with and without additional iron), D4 and D5 (BG II CSM with and without additional iron), and D6 and D7 (non-BG II parental CSM with or without additional iron). (3) Body weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion efficiency, nutrient utilisation, certain blood constituents and carcase traits were not significantly affected by dietary treatments. (4) Weights of bursa and thymus were significantly higher in groups given diets containing BG II or non-BG diets containing added iron. (5) The results suggest that low free gossypol content cottonseed meals, for example, BG II, non-BG II and commercial solvent-extracted CSM could be included at 100 g/kg in broiler diets, safely replacing soybean meal without additional iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B Mandal
- Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, India.
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Mushtaq T, Sarwar M, Ahmad G, Mirza MA, Ahmad T, Athar M, Mushtaq MMH, Noreen U. Influence of pre-press solvent-extracted cottonseed meal supplemented with exogenous enzyme and digestible lysine on performance, digestibility, carcass and immunity responses of broiler chickens. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2009; 93:253-62. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2008.00813.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Yu DJ, Na JC, Choi HC, Bang HT, Kim SH, Kang GH, Kang HK, Suh OS. Effects of Varying Levels of Dietary Metabolizable Energy and Crude Protein on Performance and Egg Quality of Organic Laying Hens. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.5536/kjps.2009.35.4.367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Growth Performance of Single Comb White Leghorn Chicks Fed Diets Containing Blood Meal Supplemented with Isoleucine. J Poult Sci 2008. [DOI: 10.2141/jpsa.45.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Nahashon SN, Adefope NA, Amenyenu A, Wright D. Effect of varying concentrations of dietary crude protein and metabolizable energy on laying performance of Pearl Grey guinea fowl hens. Poult Sci 2007; 86:1793-9. [PMID: 17626826 DOI: 10.1093/ps/86.8.1793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate optimum dietary concentrations of ME and CP for egg production performance of the Pearl Gray guinea fowl laying hens. In a 2 x 3 factorial arrangement, 360 Pearl Gray guinea fowl replacement pullets (22 wk of age) were randomly assigned to experimental diets with 2,800 and 2,900 kcal of ME/kg of diet, each containing 14, 16, and 18% CP, respectively. Each dietary treatment was replicated 4 times, and feed and water were provided ad libitum. Experimental birds were raised in laying cages and received 16 h of light throughout the study period. The birds were observed for feed consumption, hen-day egg production (HDEP), egg weight (EW), egg mass (EM), feed conversion ratio, internal egg quality, shell thickness (ST), and BW at the end of each 28-d lay period at 26 to 50 wk of age and at 62 to 86 wk of age. Mortality was recorded as it occurred. Mean HDEP, EW, EM, and ST were higher (P < 0.05) in hens receiving diets with 2,800 kcal of ME/kg of feed than those fed diets containing 2,900 kcal of ME/kg of diet. Hens on 14% CP diets also exhibited higher (P < 0.05) HDEP, EM, and ST than those fed diets containing 16 and 18% CP diets. Mean feed conversion ratio of birds on 2,800 kcal of ME/kg of diet and 14% CP diets were significantly lower than those of hens on other dietary treatments. Differences in feed consumption, EW, internal egg quality, BW, and mortality among dietary ME and CP concentrations were not significant (P > 0.05). Overall, diets composed of 2,800 kcal of ME/kg of diet and 14% CP were utilized more efficiently by the Pearl Gray guinea fowl laying hens at 26 to 50 and 62 to 86 wk of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- S N Nahashon
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Research, Tennessee State University, Nashville, Tennessee 37209, USA.
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Furlan RL, Faria Filho DED, Rosa PS, Macari M. Does low-protein diet improve broiler performance under heat stress conditions? BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE 2004. [DOI: 10.1590/s1516-635x2004000200001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - PS Rosa
- Universidade Estadual Paulista
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