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Steiman AJ, Gladman DD, Ibañez D, Noamani B, Landolt-Marticorena C, Urowitz MB, Wither JE. Lack of Interferon and Proinflammatory Cyto/chemokines in Serologically Active Clinically Quiescent Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. J Rheumatol 2015; 42:2318-26. [PMID: 26568589 DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.150040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Serologically active clinically quiescent (SACQ) patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) remain clinically quiescent for prolonged periods despite anti-dsDNA antibodies and/or low complements, indicating the presence of immune complexes. The immune mechanisms leading to this quiescence are unknown. However, in addition to activating complement, immune complex uptake by various cells leads to the production of interferon (IFN)-α and other proinflammatory factors that are also involved in tissue damage. Here we investigate whether production of these factors is reduced in SACQ patients. METHODS The levels of 5 IFN-induced genes and 19 cyto/chemokines were measured in SACQ patients and were compared with those in serologically and clinically active (SACA) and serologically and clinically quiescent (SQCQ) patients. SACQ and SQCQ were defined as ≥ 2 years without clinical activity, with/without persistent serologic activity, respectively, and off corticosteroids/immunosuppressives. SACA was defined as disease activity compelling immunosuppression. Levels of OAS1, IFIT1, MX1, LY6E, and ISG15 were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and a composite score (IFN-5) derived from this. Plasma cyto/chemokines were measured by Luminex assay. Nonparametric univariate and logistic regression analyses were conducted. RESULTS There were no differences in gene expression or cyto/chemokine levels between SACQ and SQCQ patients. The SACQ IFN-5 score was significantly lower than that of SACA (p = 0.003) and was driven by SACQ status, not by autoantibody profile or disease duration. Levels of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, interleukin (IL) 6, IL-10, IFN-γ-inducible protein 10, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, and tumor necrosis factor-α were significantly lower in SACQ than SACA. CONCLUSION The levels of proinflammatory factors in SACQ mirror those of SQCQ patients, indicating reduced production of these factors despite the presence of immune complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Steiman
- From the University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Immunology, University of Toronto; Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network; Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.A.J. Steiman, MD, MSc, FRCP, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCP, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, and Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network; D. Ibañez, MSc, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network; B. Noamani, MSc, Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network; C. Landolt-Marticorena, MD, PhD, FRCP, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCP, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, and Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Wes
| | - Dafna D Gladman
- From the University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Immunology, University of Toronto; Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network; Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.A.J. Steiman, MD, MSc, FRCP, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCP, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, and Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network; D. Ibañez, MSc, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network; B. Noamani, MSc, Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network; C. Landolt-Marticorena, MD, PhD, FRCP, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCP, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, and Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Wes
| | - Dominique Ibañez
- From the University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Immunology, University of Toronto; Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network; Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.A.J. Steiman, MD, MSc, FRCP, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCP, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, and Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network; D. Ibañez, MSc, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network; B. Noamani, MSc, Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network; C. Landolt-Marticorena, MD, PhD, FRCP, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCP, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, and Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Wes
| | - Babak Noamani
- From the University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Immunology, University of Toronto; Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network; Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.A.J. Steiman, MD, MSc, FRCP, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCP, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, and Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network; D. Ibañez, MSc, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network; B. Noamani, MSc, Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network; C. Landolt-Marticorena, MD, PhD, FRCP, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCP, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, and Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Wes
| | - Carolina Landolt-Marticorena
- From the University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Immunology, University of Toronto; Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network; Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.A.J. Steiman, MD, MSc, FRCP, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCP, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, and Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network; D. Ibañez, MSc, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network; B. Noamani, MSc, Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network; C. Landolt-Marticorena, MD, PhD, FRCP, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCP, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, and Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Wes
| | - Murray B Urowitz
- From the University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Immunology, University of Toronto; Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network; Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.A.J. Steiman, MD, MSc, FRCP, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCP, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, and Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network; D. Ibañez, MSc, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network; B. Noamani, MSc, Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network; C. Landolt-Marticorena, MD, PhD, FRCP, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCP, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, and Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Wes
| | - Joan E Wither
- From the University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network; Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, and Department of Immunology, University of Toronto; Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network; Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.A.J. Steiman, MD, MSc, FRCP, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; D.D. Gladman, MD, FRCP, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, and Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network; D. Ibañez, MSc, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network; B. Noamani, MSc, Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Genetics and Development, Toronto Western Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network; C. Landolt-Marticorena, MD, PhD, FRCP, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto; M.B. Urowitz, MD, FRCP, University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, and Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, and Arthritis Centre of Excellence, Division of Health Care and Outcomes Research, Toronto Wes
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Doe K, Nozawa K, Hiruma K, Yamada Y, Matsuki Y, Nakano S, Ogasawara M, Nakano H, Ikeda T, Ikegami T, Fujishiro M, Kawasaki M, Ikeda K, Amano H, Morimoto S, Ogawa H, Takamori K, Sekigawa I, Takasaki Y. Antibody against chromatin assembly factor-1 is a novel autoantibody specifically recognized in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 2014; 23:1031-41. [PMID: 24836587 DOI: 10.1177/0961203314536245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Autoantibodies to proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) are specifically, if rarely, present in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patient sera. Even SLE patients lacking PCNA reactivity often show reaction to PCNA-binding protein. Here, immunoreactivity to chromatin assembly factor-1 (CAF-1), an essential molecule for DNA replication and a PCNA-binding protein, was compared for the sera of SLE patients, normal healthy controls (NHCs) and other disease controls, and in autoimmune sera reactive to standard autoantigens, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indirect immunofluorescence, and immunoblotting. CAF1 and IRF1 expression in SLE and NHC peripheral mononuclear cells were compared by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Serum interferon-γ-inducing protein-10 and anti-double-stranded (ds)DNA antibody levels were measured by ELISA. Increased CAF-1 autoimmune reactivity was recognized in SLE or serum anti-dsDNA antibody-positive patients. Significantly greater central nervous system (CNS) involvement (aseptic meningitis) and serum anti-dsDNA antibody titers were present more often in anti-CAF-1 antibody-positive than antibody-negative SLE patients. IFN-γ positively regulated CAF-1 expression in vitro and was associated with anti-CAF-1 antibody production in SLE. Thus, a novel anti-CAF-1 autoantibody is frequently found in patients with SLE and is a useful biomarker for diagnosis, especially in cases with CNS involvement. Aberrant IFN-γ regulation appears to play an important role in anti-CAF-1 antibody production in SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Doe
- Department of Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Nozawa
- Department of Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Hiruma
- Department of Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Yamada
- Department of Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Y Matsuki
- Department of Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Nakano
- Department of Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - M Ogasawara
- Department of Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Nakano
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Research, Research Support Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - T Ikeda
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Research, Research Support Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - T Ikegami
- Laboratory of Molecular and Biochemical Research, Research Support Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Fujishiro
- Institute for Environment and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - M Kawasaki
- Institute for Environment and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Ikeda
- Institute for Environment and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - H Amano
- Department of Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Morimoto
- Institute for Environment and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - H Ogawa
- Institute for Environment and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - K Takamori
- Institute for Environment and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan
| | - I Sekigawa
- Institute for Environment and Gender Specific Medicine, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba, Japan Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Y Takasaki
- Department of Rheumatology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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