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Stevenson A, Misra S, Girma E, Isvoranu AM, Akena D, Alemayehu M, Atwoli L, Gelaye B, Gichuru S, Kariuki SM, Kwobah EK, Kyebuzibwa J, Mwema RM, Newman CP, Newton CRJC, Ongeri L, Stroud RE, Teferra S, Koenen KC, Seedat S. Relationships between trauma types and psychotic symptoms: A network analysis of patients with psychotic disorders in a large, multi-country study in East Africa. Compr Psychiatry 2024; 133:152504. [PMID: 38876004 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2024.152504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The link between trauma exposure and psychotic disorders is well-established. Further, specific types of trauma may be associated with specific psychotic symptoms. Network analysis is an approach that can advance our understanding of the associations across trauma types and psychotic symptoms. METHODS We conducted a network analysis with data from 16,628 adult participants (mean age [standard deviation] = 36.3 years [11.5]; 55.8% males) with psychotic disorders in East Africa recruited between 2018 and 2023. We used the Life Events Checklist and the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview to determine whether specific trauma types experienced over the life course and specific psychotic symptoms were connected. We used an Ising model to estimate the network connections and bridge centrality statistics to identify nodes that may influence trauma types and psychotic symptoms. RESULTS The trauma type "exposure to a war zone" had the highest bridge strength, betweenness, and closeness. The psychotic symptom "odd or unusual beliefs" had the second highest bridge strength. Exposure to a war zone was directly connected to visual hallucinations, odd or unusual beliefs, passivity phenomena, and disorganized speech. Odd or unusual beliefs were directly connected to transportation accidents, physical assault, war, and witnessing sudden accidental death. CONCLUSION Specific trauma types and psychotic symptoms may interact bidirectionally. Screening for psychotic symptoms in patients with war-related trauma and evaluating lifetime trauma in patients with odd or unusual beliefs in clinical care may be considered points of intervention to limit stimulating additional psychotic symptoms and trauma exposure. This work reaffirms the importance of trauma-informed care for patients with psychotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Stevenson
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Supriya Misra
- Department of Public Health, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Engida Girma
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Dickens Akena
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Melkam Alemayehu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Lukoye Atwoli
- Department of Mental Health and Behavioural Sciences, School of Medicine, Moi University College of Health Sciences, Eldoret, Kenya; Brain and Mind Institute, The Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya; Department of Medicine, Medical College East Africa, The Aga Khan University, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Bizu Gelaye
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School and the Chester M. Pierce MD, Division of Global Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stella Gichuru
- Department of Mental Health, Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Symon M Kariuki
- Neurosciences Unit, Clinical Department, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme-Coast, Kilifi, Kenya; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Edith Kamaru Kwobah
- Department of Mental Health, Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Joseph Kyebuzibwa
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Rehema M Mwema
- Neurosciences Unit, Clinical Department, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme-Coast, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Carter P Newman
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Charles R J C Newton
- Neurosciences Unit, Clinical Department, KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme-Coast, Kilifi, Kenya; Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Linnet Ongeri
- Centre for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Rocky E Stroud
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Solomon Teferra
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Karestan C Koenen
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research, Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA; Psychiatric & Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Soraya Seedat
- South African Medical Research Council Unit on the Genomics of Brain Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
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Goh KK, Kanahara N, Chiu YH, Lu ML. The impact of childhood trauma exposure on social functioning in schizophrenia: the moderated mediation role of oxytocin and oxytocin receptor gene polymorphisms. Psychol Med 2024; 54:980-992. [PMID: 37721215 DOI: 10.1017/s003329172300274x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood trauma has been linked to increased risk of schizophrenia and social dysfunction, and oxytocin and its receptor gene have been implicated in regulating social behavior. This study investigated the potential role of oxytocin and oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) in mediating the effects of childhood trauma on social functioning in schizophrenia. METHODS The study consisted of 382 patients with schizophrenia and 178 healthy controls who were assessed using the Taiwanese version of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-SF), the Social Functioning Scale (SFS), and plasma oxytocin levels. DNA was extracted to genotype the OXTR and ten single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; rs2254298, rs237885, rs237887, rs237899, rs53576, rs9840864, rs13316193, rs7632287, rs1042778, and rs237895) were selected. RESULTS Patients with schizophrenia showed higher CTQ-SF scores (t = 12.549, p < 0.001), lower SFS scores (t = -46.951, p < 0.001), and lower plasma oxytocin levels (t = -5.448, p < 0.001) compared to healthy controls. The study also found significant differences in OXTR SNPs between both groups, with risk alleles being more prevalent in patients with schizophrenia (t = 2.734, p = 0.006). Results indicated a significant moderated mediation effect, with oxytocin and the OXTR SNPs partially mediating the relationship between childhood trauma exposure and social functioning in patients with schizophrenia (index of mediation = 0.038, 95% CI [0.033-0.044]). CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that oxytocin and its receptor gene may be promising targets for interventions aimed at improving social functioning in patients with a history of childhood trauma and schizophrenia. However, further research is needed to fully understand these effects and the potential of oxytocin-based interventions in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kah Kheng Goh
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Psychiatric Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- The Innovative and Translational Research Center of Brain Consciousness, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Nobuhisa Kanahara
- Division of Medical Treatment and Rehabilitation, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yi-Hang Chiu
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Psychiatric Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mong-Liang Lu
- Department of Psychiatry, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Psychiatric Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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3
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Segura AG, Serna EDL, Sugranyes G, Baeza I, Valli I, Martínez-Serrano I, Díaz-Caneja CM, Andreu-Bernabeu Á, Moreno DM, Gassó P, Rodríguez N, Martínez-Pinteño A, Prohens L, Torrent C, García-Rizo C, Mas S, Castro-Fornieles J. Polygenic risk scores mediating functioning outcomes through cognitive and clinical features in youth at family risk and controls. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2024; 81:28-37. [PMID: 38310718 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2024.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder exhibit substantial clinical overlap, particularly in individuals at familial high risk, who frequently present sub-threshold symptoms before the onset of illness. Severe mental disorders are highly polygenic traits, but their impact on the stages preceding the manifestation of mental disorders remains relatively unexplored. Our study aimed to examine the influence of polygenic risk scores (PRS) on sub-clinical outcomes over a 2-year period in youth at familial high risk for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder and controls. The sample included 222 children and adolescents, comprising offspring of parents with schizophrenia (n = 38), bipolar disorder (n = 80), and community controls (n = 104). We calculated PRS for psychiatric disorders, neuroticism and cognition using the PRS-CS method. Linear mixed-effects models were employed to investigate the association between PRS and cognition, symptom severity and functioning. Mediation analyses were conducted to explore whether clinical features acted as intermediaries in the impact of PRS on functioning outcomes. SZoff exhibited elevated PRS for schizophrenia. In the entire sample, PRS for depression, neuroticism, and cognitive traits showed associations with sub-clinical features. The effect of PRS for neuroticism and general intelligence on functioning outcomes were mediated by cognition and symptoms severity, respectively. This study delves into the interplay among genetics, the emergence of sub-clinical symptoms and functioning outcomes, providing novel evidence on mechanisms underpinning the continuum from sub-threshold features to the onset of mental disorders. The findings underscore the interplay of genetics, cognition, and clinical features, providing insights for personalized early interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex G Segura
- Department of Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena de la Serna
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, 2021SGR01319, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gisela Sugranyes
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, 2021SGR01319, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Inmaculada Baeza
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, 2021SGR01319, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isabel Valli
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene Martínez-Serrano
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, 2021SGR01319, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Covadonga M Díaz-Caneja
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Álvaro Andreu-Bernabeu
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Dolores M Moreno
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Adolescent Inpatient Unit, Department of Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; Psychiatry Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Patricia Gassó
- Department of Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Rodríguez
- Department of Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Martínez-Pinteño
- Department of Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Llucia Prohens
- Department of Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carla Torrent
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Barcelona Bipolar Disorders Program, Clinical Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Fundació Clinic - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clemente García-Rizo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Mas
- Department of Clinical Foundations, Pharmacology Unit, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Josefina Castro-Fornieles
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology Department, 2021SGR01319, Institute of Neuroscience, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Department of Medicine, Institute of Neuroscience, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
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4
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Saccaro LF, Aimo A, Panichella G, Sentissi O. Shared and unique characteristics of metabolic syndrome in psychotic disorders: a review. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1343427. [PMID: 38501085 PMCID: PMC10944869 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1343427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction People with psychosis spectrum disorders (PSD) face an elevated risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), which may reduce their life expectancy by nearly 20%. Pinpointing the shared and specific characteristics and clinical implications of MetS in PSD is crucial for designing interventions to reduce this risk, but an up-to-date review on MetS across the psychosis spectrum is lacking. Methods This narrative review fills this gap by examining the clinical literature on characteristics and implications of MetS in both distinct PSD and transdiagnostically, i.e., across traditional categorical diagnoses, with a focus on psychiatric and cardio-metabolic management. Results We discuss common and specific characteristics of MetS in PSD, as well as factors contributing to MetS development in PSD patients, including unhealthy lifestyle factors, genetic predisposition, pro-inflammatory state, drugs consumption, antipsychotic medication, and psychotic symptoms. We highlight the importance of early identification and management of cardio-metabolic risk in PSD patients, as well as the existing gaps in the literature, for instance in the screening for MetS in younger PSD patients. We compare hypotheses-generating clinical associations and characteristics of MetS in different PSD, concluding by reviewing the existing recommendations and challenges in screening, monitoring, and managing MetS in PSD. Conclusion Early identification and management of MetS are crucial to mitigate the long-term cardio-metabolic toll in PSD patients. Interventions should focus on healthy lifestyle and appropriate pharmacological and behavioral interventions. Further translational and clinical research is needed to develop targeted interventions and personalized treatment approaches for this vulnerable population, aiming at improving physical health and overall well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi F Saccaro
- Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Psychiatry Department, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alberto Aimo
- Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
- Cardiology Division, Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giorgia Panichella
- Interdisciplinary Center for Health Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, Pisa, Italy
| | - Othman Sentissi
- Psychiatry Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Psychiatry Department, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
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Tandon R, Nasrallah H, Akbarian S, Carpenter WT, DeLisi LE, Gaebel W, Green MF, Gur RE, Heckers S, Kane JM, Malaspina D, Meyer-Lindenberg A, Murray R, Owen M, Smoller JW, Yassin W, Keshavan M. The schizophrenia syndrome, circa 2024: What we know and how that informs its nature. Schizophr Res 2024; 264:1-28. [PMID: 38086109 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
With new data about different aspects of schizophrenia being continually generated, it becomes necessary to periodically revisit exactly what we know. Along with a need to review what we currently know about schizophrenia, there is an equal imperative to evaluate the construct itself. With these objectives, we undertook an iterative, multi-phase process involving fifty international experts in the field, with each step building on learnings from the prior one. This review assembles currently established findings about schizophrenia (construct, etiology, pathophysiology, clinical expression, treatment) and posits what they reveal about its nature. Schizophrenia is a heritable, complex, multi-dimensional syndrome with varying degrees of psychotic, negative, cognitive, mood, and motor manifestations. The illness exhibits a remitting and relapsing course, with varying degrees of recovery among affected individuals with most experiencing significant social and functional impairment. Genetic risk factors likely include thousands of common genetic variants that each have a small impact on an individual's risk and a plethora of rare gene variants that have a larger individual impact on risk. Their biological effects are concentrated in the brain and many of the same variants also increase the risk of other psychiatric disorders such as bipolar disorder, autism, and other neurodevelopmental conditions. Environmental risk factors include but are not limited to urban residence in childhood, migration, older paternal age at birth, cannabis use, childhood trauma, antenatal maternal infection, and perinatal hypoxia. Structural, functional, and neurochemical brain alterations implicate multiple regions and functional circuits. Dopamine D-2 receptor antagonists and partial agonists improve psychotic symptoms and reduce risk of relapse. Certain psychological and psychosocial interventions are beneficial. Early intervention can reduce treatment delay and improve outcomes. Schizophrenia is increasingly considered to be a heterogeneous syndrome and not a singular disease entity. There is no necessary or sufficient etiology, pathology, set of clinical features, or treatment that fully circumscribes this syndrome. A single, common pathophysiological pathway appears unlikely. The boundaries of schizophrenia remain fuzzy, suggesting the absence of a categorical fit and need to reconceptualize it as a broader, multi-dimensional and/or spectrum construct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Tandon
- Department of Psychiatry, WMU Homer Stryker School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, MI 49008, United States of America.
| | - Henry Nasrallah
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Cincinnati, OH 45267, United States of America
| | - Schahram Akbarian
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America
| | - William T Carpenter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, United States of America
| | - Lynn E DeLisi
- Department of Psychiatry, Cambridge Health Alliance and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States of America
| | - Wolfgang Gaebel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, LVR-Klinikum Dusseldorf, Heinrich-Heine University, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael F Green
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Jane and Terry Semel Institute of Neuroscience and Human Behavior, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States of America; Greater Los Angeles Veterans' Administration Healthcare System, United States of America
| | - Raquel E Gur
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States of America
| | - Stephan Heckers
- Department of Psychiatry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, United States of America
| | - John M Kane
- Department of Psychiatry, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Glen Oaks, NY 11004, United States of America
| | - Dolores Malaspina
- Department of Psychiatry, Neuroscience, Genetics, and Genomics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt. Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States of America
| | - Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Central Institute of Mental Health, Mannhein/Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Robin Murray
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, Kings College, London, UK
| | - Michael Owen
- Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, and Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jordan W Smoller
- Center for Precision Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, United States of America
| | - Walid Yassin
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America
| | - Matcheri Keshavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, United States of America
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Non AL, Cerdeña JP. Considerations, Caveats, and Suggestions for the Use of Polygenic Scores for Social and Behavioral Traits. Behav Genet 2024; 54:34-41. [PMID: 37801150 PMCID: PMC10822803 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-023-10162-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Polygenic scores (PGS) are increasingly being used for prediction of social and behavioral traits, but suffer from many methodological, theoretical, and ethical concerns that profoundly limit their value. Primarily, these scores are derived from statistical correlations, carrying no inherent biological meaning, and thus may capture indirect effects. Further, the performance of these scores depends upon the diversity of the reference populations and the genomic panels from which they were derived, which consistently underrepresent minoritized populations, leading to poor fit when applied to diverse groups. There is also inherent danger of eugenic applications for the information gained from these scores, and general risk of misunderstandings that could lead to stigmatization for underrepresented groups. We urge extreme caution in use of PGS particularly for social/behavioral outcomes fraught for misinterpretation, with potential harm for the minoritized groups least likely to benefit from their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Non
- Department of Anthropology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Jessica P Cerdeña
- Institute for Collaboration on Health, Intervention, and Policy (InCHIP), University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
- Department of Anthropology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, Middlesex Health, Middletown, CT, USA
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7
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Janiri D, Di Luzio M, Montanari S, Hirsch D, Simonetti A, Moccia L, Conte E, Contaldo I, Veredice C, Mercuri E, Sani G. Childhood Trauma and Self-harm in Youths with Bipolar Disorders. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:152-158. [PMID: 36788693 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230213155249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorders (BD) in youth are associated with a high risk of self-harm behaviors. Childhood trauma (CT) is a relevant environmental stressor that is related to both BD diagnosis and self-harm in adulthood. It is not yet established whether CT may impact self-harm risk in youth. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the distribution patterns of CT in youth BD with and without self-harm. METHODS We assessed 273 participants (aged 13-25 years), 96 youths with BD according to DSM-5 criteria and 177 healthy controls (HC). History of CT was obtained using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). The association between CT and self-harm was tested using multivariate statistical models. RESULTS Over 45% of participants with BD reported lifetime self-harm. The BD Self-harm group reported more emotional abuse, emotional neglect, sexual abuse, and physical abuse than HC. The BD No-Self-harm group reported more emotional abuse than HC. The BD Self-harm group reported more emotional abuse and neglect than the BD No-Self-harm group. The BD Self-harm group also reported separated parents, hospitalizations, smoking, use of antiepileptics, antipsychotics and lithium. Emotional abuse was an independent predictor of self-harm in youths with BD. CONCLUSION Findings support the importance of assessing CT, in particular emotional abuse, in youth with BD at risk for self-harm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delfina Janiri
- Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Michelangelo Di Luzio
- Department of Neuroscience, Child and Adolescence Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS "Bambino Gesù" Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Montanari
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Daniele Hirsch
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessio Simonetti
- Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moccia
- Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Eliana Conte
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
- Early Intervention Unit, ASL Roma 3, Rome, 00152, Italy
| | - Ilaria Contaldo
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Veredice
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Eugenio Mercuri
- Pediatric Neurology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Pediatric Neurology, Department of Woman and Child Health and Public Health, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Child Health Area, Rome, Italy
| | - Gabriele Sani
- Department of Psychiatry, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Pignon B, Szöke A, Ku B, Melchior M, Schürhoff F. Urbanicity and psychotic disorders: Facts and hypotheses. DIALOGUES IN CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE 2023; 25:122-138. [PMID: 37994794 PMCID: PMC10986450 DOI: 10.1080/19585969.2023.2272824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
In the present qualitative literature review, we summarise data on psychotic disorders and urbanicity, focusing particularly on recent findings. Longitudinal studies of the impact of urbanicity on the risk for psychotic disorders have consistently shown a significant association, with a relative risk between 2 and 2.5. However, most of the original studies were conducted in Western Europe, and no incidence studies were conducted in low- and middle-income countries. European studies suggest that neighbourhood-level social fragmentation and social capital may partly explain this association. Exposure to air pollution (positive association) and green space (negative association) may also be part of the explanation, but to date, available data do not make it possible to conclude if they act independently from urbanicity, or as part of the effect of urbanicity on psychotic disorders. Finally, several studies have consistently shown significant associations between the polygenic risk score for schizophrenia and urbanicity, with several possible explanations (pleiotropic effects, results of prodromic symptoms, or selection/intergenerational hypothesis). Thus, more studies are needed to understand the factors that explain the association between urbanicity and the risk of psychotic disorders. Further studies should account for the interdependence and/or interactions of different psychosocial and physical exposures (as well as gene-environment interactions), and explore this association in low- and middle-income countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baptiste Pignon
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires “H. Mondor”, DMU IMPACT, INSERM, IMRB, translational Neuropsychiatry, Fondation FondaMental, Univ Paris-Est-Créteil (UPEC), Créteil, France
| | - Andrei Szöke
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires “H. Mondor”, DMU IMPACT, INSERM, IMRB, translational Neuropsychiatry, Fondation FondaMental, Univ Paris-Est-Créteil (UPEC), Créteil, France
| | - Benson Ku
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Maria Melchior
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d‘Épidémiologie Et de Santé Publique, IPLESP, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Sociale, ERES, Paris, France
| | - Franck Schürhoff
- AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires “H. Mondor”, DMU IMPACT, INSERM, IMRB, translational Neuropsychiatry, Fondation FondaMental, Univ Paris-Est-Créteil (UPEC), Créteil, France
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9
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Del Re EC, Keshavan MS. Childhood trauma and psychosis-Searching for causes and mechanisms. Schizophr Res 2023; 262:146-148. [PMID: 37979417 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
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Kingston JL, Ellett L, Thompson EC, Gaudiano BA, Krkovic K. A Child-Parent Dyad Study on Adolescent Paranoia and the Influence of Adverse Life Events, Bullying, Parenting Stress, and Family Support. Schizophr Bull 2023; 49:1486-1493. [PMID: 37621256 PMCID: PMC10686324 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbad119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paranoid beliefs commonly occur in the general adolescent population. Exposure to adverse life events (ALEs) and/or bullying are important environmental risk factors. The extent to which others, especially parents, are available to help a young person cope with stressful situations may offset this risk. STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional adolescent-parent dyad design (n = 142 pairs) was used to test whether an adolescent's perception of being supported by their family, and/or the parent's perception of stress and burden in their parenting role, moderated the association between environmental risk and adolescent paranoid beliefs. STUDY RESULTS Moderation analysis indicated that ALEs were significantly associated with adolescent paranoid beliefs when parents reported high stress and burden in their parenting role. Conversely, at low and moderate levels of parental stress, ALEs were unrelated to paranoid beliefs. Bullying was strongly associated with paranoia, with no moderation effects. The adolescent's perception of support within their family had no moderating effects. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate that the focus of prevention should be shifted beyond just families of adolescents who are experiencing psychosis and/or have high "at-risk" profiles, to families of adolescents exposed to ALEs. Targeted support for parents to help reduce parental stress and burden, and help foster protective family environments even in the face of ALEs, is an important avenue for reducing the risk of paranoid beliefs in adolescents. Further research is required to better understand how to offset the deleterious effect of bullying on paranoid beliefs in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Kingston
- Doctorate in Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology, Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, UK
| | - Lyn Ellett
- School of Psychology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Elizabeth C Thompson
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Brandon A Gaudiano
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Katarina Krkovic
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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11
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Butjosa A, Usall J, Vila-Badia R, Del Cacho N, Gómez-Benito J, Barajas A, Banos I, Grau N, Granell L, Sola A, Hami-Carlson J, Dolz M, Sanchez B. Development and validation of a short version of the questionnaire of stressful life events (QSLE). Clin Psychol Psychother 2023; 30:1464-1470. [PMID: 37533164 DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Stressful life events (SLE) tend to occur before the onset of psychosis, this highlights the importance of its detection and evaluation in these patients. The need to have instruments that assess SLE easily and quickly underpins the objective of this study, which is to validate a short version of the questionnaire of stressful life events (QSLE). 124 patients with first-episode psychosis and 218 healthy controls aged between 11 and 52 years were recruited. The QSLE scale underwent discrimination analysis, which revealed 18 items had good SLEs discriminability between the two samples. These 18 items were then used to create the shorter QSLE-SV. The QSLE-SV showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.749). An AUC of 0.830 was observed, suggesting that the predictor was good. Using 2 as the cut-off score to predict an individual as a patient would yield a sensitivity of 91.1% and a specificity of 51.6%, and using a cut-off point of 3, the sensitivity was 77.4% and the specificity was 72.5%. QSLE-SV displayed satisfactory psychometric properties in a Spanish population. The QSLE-SV allows for investigating childhood, adolescent and adult life events by measuring current stress and age on a continuous scale in a quick and easy way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Butjosa
- Etiopatogènia i tractament dels trastorns mentals greus (MERITT), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
- Hospital Infanto-juvenil Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Judith Usall
- Etiopatogènia i tractament dels trastorns mentals greus (MERITT), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Regina Vila-Badia
- Etiopatogènia i tractament dels trastorns mentals greus (MERITT), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nuria Del Cacho
- Etiopatogènia i tractament dels trastorns mentals greus (MERITT), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juana Gómez-Benito
- Facultad de Psicología, Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Instituto de Neurociencias (UB Neuro), Universidad de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Barajas
- Etiopatogènia i tractament dels trastorns mentals greus (MERITT), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Hospital Infanto-juvenil Sant Joan de Deu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Higiene Mental de Les Corts, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Iris Banos
- Etiopatogènia i tractament dels trastorns mentals greus (MERITT), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Norma Grau
- Etiopatogènia i tractament dels trastorns mentals greus (MERITT), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Luis Granell
- Hospital Universitario de Fuenlabrada, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Sola
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Janina Hami-Carlson
- Etiopatogènia i tractament dels trastorns mentals greus (MERITT), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
| | - Montserrat Dolz
- Etiopatogènia i tractament dels trastorns mentals greus (MERITT), Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, Spain
- Hospital Infanto-juvenil Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bernardo Sanchez
- Hospital Infanto-juvenil Sant Joan de Déu, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Esplugues de Llobregat, CIBERSAM, Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Guerrin CG, Prasad K, Vazquez-Matias DA, Zheng J, Franquesa-Mullerat M, Barazzuol L, Doorduin J, de Vries EF. Prenatal infection and adolescent social adversity affect microglia, synaptic density, and behavior in male rats. Neurobiol Stress 2023; 27:100580. [PMID: 37920548 PMCID: PMC10618826 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynstr.2023.100580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Maternal infection during pregnancy and childhood social trauma have been associated with neurodevelopmental and affective disorders, such as schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders, bipolar disorder and depression. These disorders are characterized by changes in microglial cells, which play a notable role in synaptic pruning, and synaptic deficits. Here, we investigated the effect of prenatal infection and social adversity during adolescence - either alone or in combination - on behavior, microglia, and synaptic density. Male offspring of pregnant rats injected with poly I:C, mimicking prenatal infection, were exposed to repeated social defeat during adolescence. We found that maternal infection during pregnancy prevented the reduction in social behavior and increase in anxiety induced by social adversity during adolescence. Furthermore, maternal infection and social adversity, alone or in combination, induced hyperlocomotion in adulthood. Longitudinal in vivo imaging with [11C]PBR28 positron emission tomography revealed that prenatal infection alone and social adversity during adolescence alone induced a transient increase in translocator protein TSPO density, an indicator of glial reactivity, whereas their combination induced a long-lasting increase that remained until adulthood. Furthermore, only the combination of prenatal infection and social adversity during adolescence induced an increase in microglial cell density in the frontal cortex. Prenatal infection increased proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β protein levels in hippocampus and social adversity reduced anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 protein levels in hippocampus during adulthood. This reduction in IL-10 was prevented if rats were previously exposed to prenatal infection. Adult offspring exposed to prenatal infection or adolescent social adversity had a higher synaptic density in the frontal cortex, but not hippocampus, as evaluated by synaptophysin density. Interestingly, such an increase in synaptic density was not observed in rats exposed to the combination of prenatal infection and social adversity, perhaps due to the long-lasting increase in microglial density, which may lead to an increase in microglial synaptic pruning. These findings suggest that changes in microglia activity and cytokine release induced by prenatal infection and social adversity during adolescence may be related to a reduced synaptic pruning, resulting in a higher synaptic density and behavioral changes in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyprien G.J. Guerrin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Kavya Prasad
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Daniel A. Vazquez-Matias
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jing Zheng
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Maria Franquesa-Mullerat
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Lara Barazzuol
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
- Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Janine Doorduin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Erik F.J. de Vries
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, the Netherlands
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13
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Sideli L, Aas M, Quattrone D, La Barbera D, La Cascia C, Ferraro L, Alameda L, Velthorst E, Trotta G, Tripoli G, Schimmenti A, Fontana A, Gayer-Anderson C, Stilo S, Seminerio F, Sartorio C, Marrazzo G, Lasalvia A, Tosato S, Tarricone I, Berardi D, D'Andrea G, Arango C, Arrojo M, Bernardo M, Bobes J, Sanjuán J, Santos JL, Menezes PR, Del-Ben CM, Jongsma HE, Jones PB, Kirkbride JB, Llorca PM, Tortelli A, Pignon B, de Haan L, Selten JP, Van Os J, Rutten BP, Bentall R, Di Forti M, Murray RM, Morgan C, Fisher HL. The relationship between genetic liability, childhood maltreatment, and IQ: findings from the EU-GEI multicentric case-control study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2023; 58:1573-1580. [PMID: 37335320 PMCID: PMC10460355 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02513-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated if the association between childhood maltreatment and cognition among psychosis patients and community controls was partially accounted for by genetic liability for psychosis. Patients with first-episode psychosis (N = 755) and unaffected controls (N = 1219) from the EU-GEI study were assessed for childhood maltreatment, intelligence quotient (IQ), family history of psychosis (FH), and polygenic risk score for schizophrenia (SZ-PRS). Controlling for FH and SZ-PRS did not attenuate the association between childhood maltreatment and IQ in cases or controls. Findings suggest that these expressions of genetic liability cannot account for the lower levels of cognition found among adults maltreated in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Sideli
- Department of Human Science, LUMSA University, Piazza delle Vaschette, 101, 00193, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England.
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| | - Monica Aas
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England
- NORMENT Centre for Psychosis Research, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Behavioural Sciences, OsloMet, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Diego Quattrone
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England
| | - Daniele La Barbera
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Caterina La Cascia
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Laura Ferraro
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Luis Alameda
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England
- Centro Investigacion Biomedica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Seville, Spain
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocio, Departamento de Psiquiatria, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- Service of General Psychiatry, Treatment and Early Intervention in Psychosis Program, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Eva Velthorst
- Department of Research, Mental Health Service Organization 'GGZ Noord-Holland-Noord', Hoorn, The Netherlands
| | - Giulia Trotta
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England
| | - Giada Tripoli
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Adriano Schimmenti
- Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, UKE - Kore University of Enna, Enna, Italy
| | - Andrea Fontana
- Department of Human Science, LUMSA University, Piazza delle Vaschette, 101, 00193, Rome, Italy
| | - Charlotte Gayer-Anderson
- Department of Health Services and Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England
- ESRC Centre for Society and Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Simona Stilo
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England
- Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services, ASP Crotone, Crotone, Italy
| | - Fabio Seminerio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Crocettarachele Sartorio
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Giovanna Marrazzo
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience, and Advanced Diagnostic, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Antonio Lasalvia
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Sarah Tosato
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ilaria Tarricone
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum - Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - Domenico Berardi
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, Psychiatry Unit, Alma Mater Studiorum - Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giuseppe D'Andrea
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, Psychiatry Unit, Alma Mater Studiorum - Bologna University, Bologna, Italy
| | - Celso Arango
- Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, ISGM, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Arrojo
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychiatric Genetic Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago, Spain
| | - Miguel Bernardo
- Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit, Hospital Clinic, Departament de Medicina, Institut de Neurociències (UBNeuro), Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques, August Pi I Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Bobes
- Department of Medicine, Psychiatry Area, School of Medicine, Universidad de Oviedo, ISPA, INEUROPA, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Julio Sanjuán
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Universidad de Valencia, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Santos
- Department of Psychiatry, Hospital "Virgen de La Luz", Cuenca, Spain
| | | | | | - Hannah E Jongsma
- PsyLife Group, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, England
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, England
| | - Peter B Jones
- CAMEO Early Intervention Service, Cambridgeshire and Peterborough National Health Service Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England
- EA 7280 Npsydo, Université Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - James B Kirkbride
- PsyLife Group, Division of Psychiatry, University College London, London, England
| | | | - Andrea Tortelli
- Establissement Public de Santé, Maison Blanche, Paris, France
| | - Baptiste Pignon
- AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier "Mondor", Pôle de Psychiatrie, Créteil, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U955, Créteil, France
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France
| | - Lieuwe de Haan
- Early Psychosis Section, Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Paul Selten
- Institute for Mental Health, GGZ Rivierduinen, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Jim Van Os
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Department Psychiatry, Utrecht University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart P Rutten
- Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Richard Bentall
- Department of Psychology, University of Sheffield, Cathedral Court, 1 Vicar Lane, Sheffield, S1 2LT, UK
| | - Marta Di Forti
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England
| | - Robin M Murray
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England
| | - Craig Morgan
- Department of Health Services and Population Research, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England
- ESRC Centre for Society and Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Helen L Fisher
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, England
- ESRC Centre for Society and Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK
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14
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Passiatore R, Antonucci LA, DeRamus TP, Fazio L, Stolfa G, Sportelli L, Kikidis GC, Blasi G, Chen Q, Dukart J, Goldman AL, Mattay VS, Popolizio T, Rampino A, Sambataro F, Selvaggi P, Ulrich W, Weinberger DR, Bertolino A, Calhoun VD, Pergola G. Changes in patterns of age-related network connectivity are associated with risk for schizophrenia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2221533120. [PMID: 37527347 PMCID: PMC10410767 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2221533120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in fMRI-based brain functional network connectivity (FNC) are associated with schizophrenia (SCZ) and the genetic risk or subthreshold clinical symptoms preceding the onset of SCZ, which often occurs in early adulthood. Thus, age-sensitive FNC changes may be relevant to SCZ risk-related FNC. We used independent component analysis to estimate FNC from childhood to adulthood in 9,236 individuals. To capture individual brain features more accurately than single-session fMRI, we studied an average of three fMRI scans per individual. To identify potential familial risk-related FNC changes, we compared age-related FNC in first-degree relatives of SCZ patients mostly including unaffected siblings (SIB) with neurotypical controls (NC) at the same age stage. Then, we examined how polygenic risk scores for SCZ influenced risk-related FNC patterns. Finally, we investigated the same risk-related FNC patterns in adult SCZ patients (oSCZ) and young individuals with subclinical psychotic symptoms (PSY). Age-sensitive risk-related FNC patterns emerge during adolescence and early adulthood, but not before. Young SIB always followed older NC patterns, with decreased FNC in a cerebellar-occipitoparietal circuit and increased FNC in two prefrontal-sensorimotor circuits when compared to young NC. Two of these FNC alterations were also found in oSCZ, with one exhibiting reversed pattern. All were linked to polygenic risk for SCZ in unrelated individuals (R2 varied from 0.02 to 0.05). Young PSY showed FNC alterations in the same direction as SIB when compared to NC. These results suggest that age-related neurotypical FNC correlates with genetic risk for SCZ and is detectable with MRI in young participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Passiatore
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124Bari, Italy
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, 30303Atlanta, GA
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain and Behavior, Research Centre Jülich, 52428Jülich, Germany
| | - Linda A. Antonucci
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124Bari, Italy
| | - Thomas P. DeRamus
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, 30303Atlanta, GA
| | - Leonardo Fazio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Libera Università Mediterranea Giuseppe Degennaro, 70010Casamassima, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Stolfa
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124Bari, Italy
| | - Leonardo Sportelli
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124Bari, Italy
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, 21205Baltimore, MD
| | - Gianluca C. Kikidis
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124Bari, Italy
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, 21205Baltimore, MD
| | - Giuseppe Blasi
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124Bari, Italy
- Psychiatric Unit, University Hospital, 70124Bari, Italy
| | - Qiang Chen
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, 21205Baltimore, MD
| | - Juergen Dukart
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain and Behavior, Research Centre Jülich, 52428Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, 40225Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Aaron L. Goldman
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, 21205Baltimore, MD
| | - Venkata S. Mattay
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, 21205Baltimore, MD
- Department of Neurology and Radiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, 21287Baltimore, MD
| | - Teresa Popolizio
- Neuroradiology Unit, Scientific Institute for Research, Hospitalization and Health Care, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, 71013San Giovanni Rotondo, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonio Rampino
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124Bari, Italy
- Psychiatric Unit, University Hospital, 70124Bari, Italy
| | - Fabio Sambataro
- Section of Psychiatry, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, 35121Padua, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Selvaggi
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124Bari, Italy
- Psychiatric Unit, University Hospital, 70124Bari, Italy
| | - William Ulrich
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, 21205Baltimore, MD
| | - Apulian Network on Risk for Psychosis
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124Bari, Italy
- Department of Mental Health, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Foggia, 71121Foggia, Italy
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122Foggia, Italy
- Department of Mental Health, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Barletta-Andria-Trani, 76123Andria, Italy
- Department of Mental Health, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Bari, 70132Bari, Italy
- Department of Mental Health, Azienda Sanitaria Locale Brindisi, 72100Brindisi, Italy
| | - Daniel R. Weinberger
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, 21205Baltimore, MD
- Department of Neurology and Radiology, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, 21287Baltimore, MD
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 21205Baltimore, MD
- Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 21287Baltimore, MD
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 21287Baltimore, MD
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124Bari, Italy
- Psychiatric Unit, University Hospital, 70124Bari, Italy
| | - Vince D. Calhoun
- Tri-institutional Center for Translational Research in Neuroimaging and Data Science, Georgia State University, Georgia Institute of Technology, and Emory University, 30303Atlanta, GA
| | - Giulio Pergola
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124Bari, Italy
- Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, 21205Baltimore, MD
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 21205Baltimore, MD
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15
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Ahern J, Thompson W, Fan CC, Loughnan R. Comparing Pruning and Thresholding with Continuous Shrinkage Polygenic Score Methods in a Large Sample of Ancestrally Diverse Adolescents from the ABCD Study ®. Behav Genet 2023; 53:292-309. [PMID: 37017779 PMCID: PMC10655749 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-023-10139-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Using individuals' genetic data researchers can generate Polygenic Scores (PS) that are able to predict risk for diseases, variability in different behaviors as well as anthropomorphic measures. This is achieved by leveraging models learned from previously published large Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWASs) associating locations in the genome with a phenotype of interest. Previous GWASs have predominantly been performed in European ancestry individuals. This is of concern as PS generated in samples with a different ancestry to the original training GWAS have been shown to have lower performance and limited portability, and many efforts are now underway to collect genetic databases on individuals of diverse ancestries. In this study, we compare multiple methods of generating PS, including pruning and thresholding and Bayesian continuous shrinkage models, to determine which of them is best able to overcome these limitations. To do this we use the ABCD Study, a longitudinal cohort with deep phenotyping on individuals of diverse ancestry. We generate PS for anthropometric and psychiatric phenotypes using previously published GWAS summary statistics and examine their performance in three subsamples of ABCD: African ancestry individuals (n = 811), European ancestry Individuals (n = 6703), and admixed ancestry individuals (n = 3664). We find that the single ancestry continuous shrinkage method, PRScs (CS), and the multi ancestry meta method, PRScsx Meta (CSx Meta), show the best performance across ancestries and phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Ahern
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
- Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92161, USA.
| | - Wesley Thompson
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, San Diego, CA, 92161, USA
- Center for Population Neuroscience and Genetics, Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, 74103, USA
| | - Chun Chieh Fan
- Center for Population Neuroscience and Genetics, Laureate Institute for Brain Research, Tulsa, OK, 74103, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Robert Loughnan
- Department of Cognitive Science, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
- Center for Human Development, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92161, USA
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16
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Xie M, Cai J, Liu Y, Wei W, Zhao Z, Dai M, Wu Y, Huang Y, Tang Y, Xiao L, Zhang G, Li C, Guo W, Ma X, Deng W, Du X, Wang Q, Li T. Association between childhood trauma and white matter deficits in first-episode schizophrenia. Psychiatry Res 2023; 323:115111. [PMID: 36924585 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the relationship between childhood trauma (ChT) and white matter (WM) deficits in first-episode schizophrenia (FES). METHODS A total of 103 individuals with FES and 206 healthy control individuals (HCs) were enrolled and assessed based on ChT Questionnaire (CTQ) and Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS). Diffusion tensor imaging was acquired on a Signa 3.0 T scanner. Map of fractional anisotropy (FA) was analyzed using Tract-Based Spatial Statistics. Hierarchical logistic regression analyses were used to examine associations of sociodemographic characteristics, total CTQ scores, and WM deficits. RESULTS Compared with the HCs group, the FES group showed significantly lower FA in several WM bundles (left anterior thalamic radiation, left inferior frontal-occipital fasciculus, left cingulum, forceps major, and forceps minor), and the mean FA value in these WM bundles was inversely related to the total CTQ score. In addition, a higher CTQ score may increase the risk of schizophrenia, while higher FA values may decrease the risk of schizophrenia. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that individuals with FES evince widespread cerebral WM abnormalities and that these abnormalities were associated with ChT. These results provide clues about the neural basis and potential biomarkers of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Xie
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jia Cai
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yunjia Liu
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Affiliated Mental Health Centre & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhengyang Zhao
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Minhan Dai
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yulu Wu
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yunqi Huang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiguo Tang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Liling Xiao
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Guangya Zhang
- Suzhou Psychiatry Hospital, Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215137, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuanwei Li
- Suzhou Psychiatry Hospital, Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215137, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wanjun Guo
- Affiliated Mental Health Centre & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaohong Ma
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Deng
- Affiliated Mental Health Centre & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiangdong Du
- Suzhou Psychiatry Hospital, Affiliated Guangji Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215137, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Tao Li
- Affiliated Mental Health Centre & Hangzhou Seventh People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310013, Zhejiang, China.
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17
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Silveira PP, Meaney MJ. Examining the biological mechanisms of human mental disorders resulting from gene-environment interdependence using novel functional genomic approaches. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 178:106008. [PMID: 36690304 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We explore how functional genomics approaches that integrate datasets from human and non-human model systems can improve our understanding of the effect of gene-environment interplay on the risk for mental disorders. We start by briefly defining the G-E paradigm and its challenges and then discuss the different levels of regulation of gene expression and the corresponding data existing in humans (genome wide genotyping, transcriptomics, DNA methylation, chromatin modifications, chromosome conformational changes, non-coding RNAs, proteomics and metabolomics), discussing novel approaches to the application of these data in the study of the origins of mental health. Finally, we discuss the multilevel integration of diverse types of data. Advance in the use of functional genomics in the context of a G-E perspective improves the detection of vulnerabilities, informing the development of preventive and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia Pelufo Silveira
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Ludmer Centre for Neuroinformatics and Mental Health, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Michael J Meaney
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Translational Neuroscience Program, Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore; Brain - Body Initiative, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore.
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18
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Brandt JM, Gregersen M, Søndergaard A, Krantz MF, Knudsen CB, Andreassen AK, Veddum L, Ohland J, Hjorthøj C, Wilms M, Rohd SB, Greve A, Burton BK, Bliksted V, Mors O, Nordentoft M, Thorup AAE, Hemager N. Associations between exposure to early childhood adversities and middle childhood psychotic experiences in children at familial high risk of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and population-based controls: The Danish high risk and resilience study - VIA 7 and VIA 11. Psychol Med 2023; 53:1-11. [PMID: 36727506 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291722004020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exposure to adversities in early childhood is associated with psychotic experiences and disorders in adulthood. We aimed to examine whether early childhood adversities are associated with middle childhood psychotic experiences in a cohort of children at familial high risk of schizophrenia (FHR-SZ), bipolar disorder (FHR-BP) and population-based controls (controls). METHODS Four hundred and forty-six children from The Danish High Risk and Resilience Study - VIA7 and VIA11 participated in this study (FHR-SZ = 170; FHR-BP = 103; controls = 173). Exposure to early childhood adversities and psychotic experiences were assessed using face-to-face interviews. Having childhood adversities assessed at baseline (age 7) was used as predictor. Psychotic experiences assessed at follow-up (age 11) were used as outcome. RESULTS Across the sample, exposure to early childhood interpersonal adversities was associated with an increased risk for any middle childhood psychotic experiences and subclinical delusions when adjusting for relevant confounders (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.0-3.1, p = 0.05; OR 3.0, 95% CI 1.6-5.6, p < 0.001). There was no significant dose-response effect of exposure to multiple types of childhood adversities on any psychotic experiences. There were no interaction effects between early childhood adversities and FHR on middle childhood psychotic experiences. Exploratory analyses revealed that experiencing domestic violence in early childhood was associated with any middle childhood psychotic experiences (OR 2.8, 95% CI 1.5-5.1, p = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Exposure to interpersonal adversities during early childhood is associated with an increased risk for middle childhood psychotic experiences including specifically subclinical delusions. Future studies should examine associations between exposure to childhood adversities and conversion to psychosis within this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Marie Brandt
- CORE - Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research - iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maja Gregersen
- CORE - Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research - iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne Søndergaard
- CORE - Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research - iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mette Falkenberg Krantz
- CORE - Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research - iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christina Bruun Knudsen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research - iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Skejby, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anna Krogh Andreassen
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research - iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Skejby, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lotte Veddum
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research - iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Skejby, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jessica Ohland
- CORE - Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research - iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Carsten Hjorthøj
- CORE - Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research - iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, Section of Epidemiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Martin Wilms
- CORE - Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research - iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sinnika Birkehøj Rohd
- CORE - Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research - iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Aja Greve
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research - iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Skejby, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Klee Burton
- Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Zealand University Hospital, Region Zealand, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Vibeke Bliksted
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Skejby, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ole Mors
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research - iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Psychosis Research Unit, Aarhus University Hospital Psychiatry, Skejby, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- CORE - Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research - iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Amalie Elgaard Thorup
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research - iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nicoline Hemager
- CORE - Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health, Mental Health Services in the Capital Region of Denmark, Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research - iPSYCH, Aarhus, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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19
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Lella A, Antonucci LA, Pergola G. The interpretation of discrepancies between peer victimization experiences reported by different informants in capturing victimization‐related genetic liability. A commentary on Armitage et al. (2022). JCPP ADVANCES 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/jcv2.12137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Lella
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience University of Bari Aldo Moro Bari Italy
| | - Linda A. Antonucci
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience University of Bari Aldo Moro Bari Italy
| | - Giulio Pergola
- Department of Translational Biomedicine and Neuroscience University of Bari Aldo Moro Bari Italy
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20
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Wang J, Liu Y, Gao Y, Liang J, Wang B, Xia Q, Xie Y, Shan F, Xia Q. Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis and molecular validation of lncRNAs-mediated ceRNAs network in schizophrenia. Life Sci 2022; 312:121205. [PMID: 36410410 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The present study aimed to investigate how Schizophrenia (SCZ)-specific long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) served as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) to modulate the biological functions and pathways involved in the pathogenesis of SCZ. MAIN METHODS Microarray dataset (GSE54913) was obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Differently expressed (DE) lncRNAs and mRNAs were identified by "limma" package. The binding miRNAs of lncRNAs and target mRNAs of shared miRNAs were predicted by miRcode, miRDB, miRTarbase and targetscan databases. Following the ceRNAs theory, interaction network was established and visualized with the cytoscape. Functional enrichment analysis uncovered the concentrated functions and signaling pathways that may be associated with SCZ progression. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis was utilized to determine hub genes. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) were performed to evaluate the expression and diagnostic value of ceRNAs members, respectively. KEY FINDINGS DElncRNAs and DEmRNAs were initially screened from GSE54913 to construct the SCZ-related ceRNAs network with 42 nodes and 53 edges. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that ceRNAs members appeared to be highly correlated with transcription factor activation, cell replication and tumor-related pathways. Once validated, a significant ceRNAs subnetwork was proposed as being implicated in the pathogenesis of SCZ. ROC analysis indicated that SCZ-related ceRNAs members may be sensitive diagnostic biomarkers for SCZ. SIGNIFICANCE The significant SCZ-related ceRNAs subnetworks (lncRNA-C2orf48A/hsa-miR-20b-5p,-17-5p/KIF23, FOXJ2) may represent promising predictive and diagnostic biomarkers and provide novel insights into the mechanism by which lncRNAs act as microRNA sponges and contribute to the pathogenesis of SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiequan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China; Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China; Department of Pharmacy, Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China
| | - Yaru Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China; The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Yejun Gao
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Jun Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China; Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China; Department of Pharmacy, Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China
| | - Baoshi Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China; Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China; Department of Pharmacy, Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China
| | - Quan Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China; The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China
| | - Yawen Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China; The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui 230022, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Feng Shan
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China; Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China; Department of Pharmacy, Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China
| | - Qingrong Xia
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Psychological Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China; Department of Pharmacy, Anhui Mental Health Center, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China; Department of Pharmacy, Hefei Fourth People's Hospital, Hefei, Anhui 230000, China.
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21
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Schnider M, Jenni R, Ramain J, Camporesi S, Golay P, Alameda L, Conus P, Do KQ, Steullet P. Time of exposure to social defeat stress during childhood and adolescence and redox dysregulation on long-lasting behavioral changes, a translational study. Transl Psychiatry 2022; 12:413. [PMID: 36163247 PMCID: PMC9512907 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-022-02183-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Traumatic events during childhood/early adolescence can cause long-lasting physiological and behavioral changes with increasing risk for psychiatric conditions including psychosis. Genetic factors and trauma (and their type, degree of repetition, time of occurrence) are believed to influence how traumatic experiences affect an individual. Here, we compared long-lasting behavioral effects of repeated social defeat stress (SD) applied during either peripuberty or late adolescence in adult male WT and Gclm-KO mice, a model of redox dysregulation relevant to schizophrenia. As SD disrupts redox homeostasis and causes oxidative stress, we hypothesized that KO mice would be particularly vulnerable to such stress. We first found that peripubertal and late adolescent SD led to different behavioral outcomes. Peripubertal SD induced anxiety-like behavior in anxiogenic environments, potentiated startle reflex, and increased sensitivity to the NMDA-receptor antagonist, MK-801. In contrast, late adolescent SD led to increased exploration in novel environments. Second, the long-lasting impact of peripubertal but not late adolescent SD differed in KO and WT mice. Peripubertal SD increased anxiety-like behavior in anxiogenic environments and MK-801-sensitivity mostly in KO mice, while it increased startle reflex in WT mice. These suggest that a redox dysregulation during peripuberty interacts with SD to remodel the trajectory of brain maturation, but does not play a significant role during later SD. As peripubertal SD induced persisting anxiety- and fear-related behaviors in male mice, we then investigated anxiety in a cohort of 89 early psychosis male patients for whom we had information about past abuse and clinical assessment during the first year of psychosis. We found that a first exposure to physical/sexual abuse (analogous to SD) before age 12, but not after, was associated with higher anxiety at 6-12 months after psychosis onset. This supports that childhood/peripuberty is a vulnerable period during which physical/sexual abuse in males has wide and long-lasting consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Schnider
- grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), 1008 Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Raoul Jenni
- grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), 1008 Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Julie Ramain
- grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Service of General Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), 1008 Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sara Camporesi
- grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Service of General Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), 1008 Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Golay
- grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Service of General Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), 1008 Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Luis Alameda
- grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Service of General Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), 1008 Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Philippe Conus
- grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Service of General Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), 1008 Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Kim Q. Do
- grid.8515.90000 0001 0423 4662Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), 1008 Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Steullet
- Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), 1008, Prilly-Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Schizophrenia: A Narrative Review of Etiopathogenetic, Diagnostic and Treatment Aspects. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11175040. [PMID: 36078967 PMCID: PMC9457502 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11175040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Although schizophrenia is currently conceptualized as being characterized as a syndrome that includes a collection of signs and symptoms, there is strong evidence of heterogeneous and complex underpinned etiological, etiopathogenetic, and psychopathological mechanisms, which are still under investigation. Therefore, the present viewpoint review is aimed at providing some insights into the recently investigated schizophrenia research fields in order to discuss the potential future research directions in schizophrenia research. The traditional schizophrenia construct and diagnosis were progressively revised and revisited, based on the recently emerging neurobiological, genetic, and epidemiological research. Moreover, innovative diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are pointed to build a new construct, allowing the development of better clinical and treatment outcomes and characterization for schizophrenic individuals, considering a more patient-centered, personalized, and tailored-based dimensional approach. Further translational studies are needed in order to integrate neurobiological, genetic, and environmental studies into clinical practice and to help clinicians and researchers to understand how to redesign a new schizophrenia construct.
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