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Rodríguez-Martín M, Martínez-Lozano N, Santaclara-Maneiro V, Gris-Peñas A, Salmerón D, Ríos R, Tvarijonaviciute A, Garaulet M. Children with obesity have poorer circadian health as assessed by a global circadian health score. World J Pediatr 2024:10.1007/s12519-024-00804-3. [PMID: 38850477 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-024-00804-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circadian health refers to individuals' well-being and balance in terms of their circadian rhythm. It is influenced by external cues. In adults, a close relationship between circadian-related alterations and obesity has been described. However, studies in children are scarce, and circadian health and its association with obesity have not been evaluated globally. We aimed to assess whether circadian health differed between children with and without obesity as determined by a global circadian score (GCS) in a school-age population. METHODS Four hundred and thirty-two children (7-12 years) were recruited in Spain. Non-invasive tools were used to calculate the GCS: (1) 7-day rhythm of wrist temperature (T), activity (A), position (P), an integrative variable that combines T, A, and P (TAP); (2) cortisol; and (3) 7-day food and sleep records. Body mass index, body fat percentage, waist circumference (WC), melatonin concentration, and cardiometabolic marker levels were determined. RESULTS Circadian health, as assessed by the GCS, differed among children with obesity, overweight, and normal weight, with poorer circadian health among children with obesity. Children with obesity and abdominal obesity had 3.54 and 2.39 greater odds of having poor circadian health, respectively, than did those with normal weight or low WC. The percentage of rhythmicity, a marker of the robustness of the TAP rhythm, and the amplitude, both components of the GCS, decreased with increasing obesity. Different lifestyle behaviors were involved in the association between circadian health and obesity, particularly protein intake (P = 0.024), physical activity level (P = 0.076) and chronotype (P = 0.029). CONCLUSIONS The GCS can capture the relationship between circadian health and obesity in school-age children. Protein intake, physical activity level, and chronotype were involved in this association. Early intervention based on improving circadian health may help to prevent childhood obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Rodríguez-Martín
- Department of Physiology, Regional Campus of International Excellence, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, CP, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU, University Clinical Hospital, 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | - Nuria Martínez-Lozano
- Department of Physiology, Regional Campus of International Excellence, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, CP, Spain
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU, University Clinical Hospital, 30120, Murcia, Spain
| | | | | | - Diego Salmerón
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU, University Clinical Hospital, 30120, Murcia, Spain
- Health and Social Sciences Department, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology and Public Health, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Asta Tvarijonaviciute
- Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Clinical Analysis (Interlab-UMU), University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Marta Garaulet
- Department of Physiology, Regional Campus of International Excellence, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, CP, Spain.
- Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca-UMU, University Clinical Hospital, 30120, Murcia, Spain.
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women's Hospital (BWH), and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
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Chuang HH, Lin C, Lee LA, Chang HC, She GJ, Lin YH. Comparing Human-Smartphone Interactions and Actigraphy Measurements for Circadian Rhythm Stability and Adiposity: Algorithm Development and Validation Study. J Med Internet Res 2024; 26:e50149. [PMID: 38838328 DOI: 10.2196/50149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the relationships between adiposity and circadian rhythm and compare the measurement of circadian rhythm using both actigraphy and a smartphone app that tracks human-smartphone interactions. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that the app-based measurement may provide more comprehensive information, including light-sensitive melatonin secretion and social rhythm, and have stronger correlations with adiposity indicators. METHODS We enrolled a total of 78 participants (mean age 41.5, SD 9.9 years; 46/78, 59% women) from both an obesity outpatient clinic and a workplace health promotion program. All participants (n=29 with obesity, n=16 overweight, and n=33 controls) were required to wear a wrist actigraphy device and install the Rhythm app for a minimum of 4 weeks, contributing to a total of 2182 person-days of data collection. The Rhythm app estimates sleep and circadian rhythm indicators by tracking human-smartphone interactions, which correspond to actigraphy. We examined the correlations between adiposity indices and sleep and circadian rhythm indicators, including sleep time, chronotype, and regularity of circadian rhythm, while controlling for physical activity level, age, and gender. RESULTS Sleep onset and wake time measurements did not differ significantly between the app and actigraphy; however, wake after sleep onset was longer (13.5, SD 19.5 minutes) with the app, resulting in a longer actigraphy-measured total sleep time (TST) of 20.2 (SD 66.7) minutes. The obesity group had a significantly longer TST with both methods. App-measured circadian rhythm indicators were significantly lower than their actigraphy-measured counterparts. The obesity group had significantly lower interdaily stability (IS) than the control group with both methods. The multivariable-adjusted model revealed a negative correlation between BMI and app-measured IS (P=.007). Body fat percentage (BF%) and visceral adipose tissue area (VAT) showed significant correlations with both app-measured IS and actigraphy-measured IS. The app-measured midpoint of sleep showed a positive correlation with both BF% and VAT. Actigraphy-measured TST exhibited a positive correlation with BMI, VAT, and BF%, while no significant correlation was found between app-measured TST and either BMI, VAT, or BF%. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that IS is strongly correlated with various adiposity indicators. Further exploration of the role of circadian rhythm, particularly measured through human-smartphone interactions, in obesity prevention could be warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Hua Chuang
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Chen Lin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ang Lee
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Main Branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Chih Chang
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Guan-Jie She
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Lin
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli County, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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3
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Chen IY, Radom-Aizik S, Stehli A, Palmer JR, Lui KK, Dave A, Chappel-Farley MG, Vinces KG, Gealer D, Lim A, Mander BA, Benca RM, Neikrug AB. Cardiorespiratory fitness and circadian rhythms in adolescents: a pilot study. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2024; 136:372-384. [PMID: 38126092 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00291.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Although cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), an important marker of youth health, is associated with earlier sleep/wake schedule, its relationship with circadian rhythms is unclear. This study examined the associations between CRF and rhythm variables in adolescents. Eighteen healthy adolescents (10 females and 8 males; Mage = 14.6 ± 2.3 yr) completed two study visits on weekdays bracketing an ambulatory assessment during summer vacation. Visit 1 included in-laboratory CRF assessment (peak V̇o2) using a ramp-type progressive cycle ergometry protocol and gas exchange measurement, which was followed by 7-14 days of actigraphy to assess sleep/wake patterns and 24-h activity rhythms. During Visit 2, chronotype, social jetlag (i.e., the difference in midsleep time between weekdays and weekends), and phase preference were assessed using a questionnaire, and hourly saliva samples were collected to determine the dim light melatonin onset (DLMO) phase. All analyses were adjusted for sex, pubertal status, and physical activity. Greater peak V̇o2 was associated with earlier sleep/wake times and circadian phase measures, including acrophase, UP time, DOWN time, last activity peak (LAP) time, and chronotype (all P < 0.05). Peak V̇o2 was negatively associated with social jetlag (P = 0.02). In addition, the mixed-model analysis revealed a significant interaction effect between peak V̇o2 and actigraphy-estimated hour-by-hour activity patterns (P < 0.001), with the strongest effects observed at around the time of waking (0600-1000). In healthy adolescents, better CRF was associated with an earlier circadian phase and increased activity levels notably during the morning. Future studies are needed to investigate the longitudinal effects of the interactions between CRF and advanced rhythms on health outcomes.NEW & NOTEWORTHY In healthy adolescents, better cardiorespiratory fitness, as assessed by the gold standard measure [laboratory-based assessment of peak oxygen consumption (V̇o2)], was associated with earlier circadian timing of sleep/wake patterns, rest-activity rhythms and chronotype, and less social jetlag. These findings highlight the close interrelationships between fitness and rhythms and raise the possibility that maintaining higher cardiorespiratory fitness levels alongside earlier sleep/wake schedule and activity rhythms may be important behavioral intervention targets to promote health in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivy Y Chen
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Shlomit Radom-Aizik
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Annamarie Stehli
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Jake R Palmer
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Brain and Mind Centre and Charles Perkins Centre, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kitty K Lui
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Abhishek Dave
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Miranda G Chappel-Farley
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Karla G Vinces
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Daniel Gealer
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Alexandra Lim
- Pediatric Exercise and Genomics Research Center, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Bryce A Mander
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Ruth M Benca
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
| | - Ariel B Neikrug
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, United States
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Gubin D, Danilenko K, Stefani O, Kolomeichuk S, Markov A, Petrov I, Voronin K, Mezhakova M, Borisenkov M, Shigabaeva A, Yuzhakova N, Lobkina S, Weinert D, Cornelissen G. Blue Light and Temperature Actigraphy Measures Predicting Metabolic Health Are Linked to Melatonin Receptor Polymorphism. BIOLOGY 2023; 13:22. [PMID: 38248453 PMCID: PMC10813279 DOI: 10.3390/biology13010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
This study explores the relationship between the light features of the Arctic spring equinox and circadian rhythms, sleep and metabolic health. Residents (N = 62) provided week-long actigraphy measures, including light exposure, which were related to body mass index (BMI), leptin and cortisol. Lower wrist temperature (wT) and higher evening blue light exposure (BLE), expressed as a novel index, the nocturnal excess index (NEIbl), were the most sensitive actigraphy measures associated with BMI. A higher BMI was linked to nocturnal BLE within distinct time windows. These associations were present specifically in carriers of the MTNR1B rs10830963 G-allele. A larger wake-after-sleep onset (WASO), smaller 24 h amplitude and earlier phase of the activity rhythm were associated with higher leptin. Higher cortisol was associated with an earlier M10 onset of BLE and with our other novel index, the Daylight Deficit Index of blue light, DDIbl. We also found sex-, age- and population-dependent differences in the parametric and non-parametric indices of BLE, wT and physical activity, while there were no differences in any sleep characteristics. Overall, this study determined sensitive actigraphy markers of light exposure and wT predictive of metabolic health and showed that these markers are linked to melatonin receptor polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Gubin
- Department of Biology, Tyumen Medical University, 625023 Tyumen, Russia
- Laboratory for Chronobiology and Chronomedicine, Research Institute of Biomedicine and Biomedical Technologies, Tyumen Medical University, 625023 Tyumen, Russia; (K.D.); (A.S.)
- Tyumen Cardiology Research Center, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 634009 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Konstantin Danilenko
- Laboratory for Chronobiology and Chronomedicine, Research Institute of Biomedicine and Biomedical Technologies, Tyumen Medical University, 625023 Tyumen, Russia; (K.D.); (A.S.)
- Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine, 630117 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oliver Stefani
- Department Engineering and Architecture, Institute of Building Technology and Energy, Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts, 6048 Horw, Switzerland;
| | - Sergey Kolomeichuk
- Laboratory for Genomics, Proteomics, and Metabolomics, Research Institute of Biomedicine and Biomedical Technologies, Medical University, 625023 Tyumen, Russia; (S.K.); (A.M.); (K.V.); (N.Y.)
- Laboratory of Genetics, Institute of Biology of the Karelian Science Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 185910 Petrozavodsk, Russia
| | - Alexander Markov
- Laboratory for Genomics, Proteomics, and Metabolomics, Research Institute of Biomedicine and Biomedical Technologies, Medical University, 625023 Tyumen, Russia; (S.K.); (A.M.); (K.V.); (N.Y.)
| | - Ivan Petrov
- Department of Biological & Medical Physics UNESCO, Medical University, 625023 Tyumen, Russia
| | - Kirill Voronin
- Laboratory for Genomics, Proteomics, and Metabolomics, Research Institute of Biomedicine and Biomedical Technologies, Medical University, 625023 Tyumen, Russia; (S.K.); (A.M.); (K.V.); (N.Y.)
| | - Marina Mezhakova
- Laboratory for Genomics, Proteomics, and Metabolomics, Research Institute of Biomedicine and Biomedical Technologies, Medical University, 625023 Tyumen, Russia; (S.K.); (A.M.); (K.V.); (N.Y.)
| | - Mikhail Borisenkov
- Department of Molecular Immunology and Biotechnology, Institute of Physiology of the Federal Research Centre Komi Science Centre, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 167982 Syktyvkar, Russia;
| | - Aislu Shigabaeva
- Laboratory for Chronobiology and Chronomedicine, Research Institute of Biomedicine and Biomedical Technologies, Tyumen Medical University, 625023 Tyumen, Russia; (K.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Natalya Yuzhakova
- Laboratory for Genomics, Proteomics, and Metabolomics, Research Institute of Biomedicine and Biomedical Technologies, Medical University, 625023 Tyumen, Russia; (S.K.); (A.M.); (K.V.); (N.Y.)
| | - Svetlana Lobkina
- Healthcare Institution of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug “Tarko-Sale Central District Hospital”, 629850 Urengoy, Russia;
| | - Dietmar Weinert
- Institute of Biology/Zoology, Martin Luther University, 06108 Halle-Wittenberg, Germany;
| | - Germaine Cornelissen
- Department of Integrated Biology and Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
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5
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Kanki M, Nath AP, Xiang R, Yiallourou S, Fuller PJ, Cole TJ, Cánovas R, Young MJ. Poor sleep and shift work associate with increased blood pressure and inflammation in UK Biobank participants. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7096. [PMID: 37925459 PMCID: PMC10625529 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42758-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Disrupted circadian rhythms have been linked to an increased risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. However, many studies show inconsistent findings and are not sufficiently powered for targeted subgroup analyses. Using the UK Biobank cohort, we evaluate the association between circadian rhythm-disrupting behaviours, blood pressure (SBP, DBP) and inflammatory markers in >350,000 adults with European white British ancestry. The independent U-shaped relationship between sleep length and SBP/DBP is most prominent with a low inflammatory status. Poor sleep quality and permanent night shift work are also positively associated with SBP/DBP. Although fully adjusting for BMI in the linear regression model attenuated effect sizes, these associations remain significant. Two-sample Mendelian Randomisation (MR) analyses support a potential causal effect of long sleep, short sleep, chronotype, daytime napping and sleep duration on SBP/DBP. Thus, in the current study, we present a positive association between circadian rhythm-disrupting behaviours and SBP/DBP regulation in males and females that is largely independent of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Kanki
- Cardiovascular Endocrinology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medicine (Alfred Health), Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Artika P Nath
- Cambridge-Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Ruidong Xiang
- Cambridge-Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stephanie Yiallourou
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Department of Central Clinical School, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter J Fuller
- Centre of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Timothy J Cole
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Rodrigo Cánovas
- Cambridge-Baker Systems Genomics Initiative, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Health and Biosecurity, Australian e-Health Research Centre, CSIRO, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Morag J Young
- Cardiovascular Endocrinology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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Yeung CHC, Lu J, Soltero EG, Bauer C, Xiao Q. U.S. Adolescent Rest-Activity patterns: insights from functional principal component analysis (NHANES 2011-2014). Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2023; 20:125. [PMID: 37833691 PMCID: PMC10571346 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-023-01520-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suboptimal rest-activity patterns in adolescence are associated with worse health outcomes in adulthood. Understanding sociodemographic factors associated with rest-activity rhythms may help identify subgroups who may benefit from interventions. This study aimed to investigate the association of rest-activity rhythm with demographic and socioeconomic characteristics in adolescents. METHODS Using cross-sectional data from the nationally representative National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014 adolescents (N = 1814), this study derived rest-activity profiles from 7-day 24-hour accelerometer data using functional principal component analysis. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the association between participant characteristics and rest-activity profiles. Weekday and weekend specific analyses were performed in addition to the overall analysis. RESULTS Four rest-activity rhythm profiles were identified, which explained a total of 82.7% of variance in the study sample, including (1) High amplitude profile; (2) Early activity window profile; (3) Early activity peak profile; and (4) Prolonged activity/reduced rest window profile. The rest-activity profiles were associated with subgroups of age, sex, race/ethnicity, and household income. On average, older age was associated with a lower value for the high amplitude and early activity window profiles, but a higher value for the early activity peak and prolonged activity/reduced rest window profiles. Compared to boys, girls had a higher value for the prolonged activity/reduced rest window profiles. When compared to Non-Hispanic White adolescents, Asian showed a lower value for the high amplitude profile, Mexican American group showed a higher value for the early activity window profile, and the Non-Hispanic Black group showed a higher value for the prolonged activity/reduced rest window profiles. Adolescents reported the lowest household income had the lowest average value for the early activity window profile. CONCLUSIONS This study characterized main rest-activity profiles among the US adolescents, and demonstrated that demographic and socioeconomic status factors may shape rest-activity behaviors in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Ho Ching Yeung
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1200 Pressler St., Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jiachen Lu
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Spatial‑Temporal Modeling for Applications in Population Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Erica G Soltero
- United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Services Children's Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Cici Bauer
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, School of Public Health, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
- Center for Spatial‑Temporal Modeling for Applications in Population Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Qian Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1200 Pressler St., Houston, TX, USA.
- Center for Spatial‑Temporal Modeling for Applications in Population Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
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Lee PMY, Liao G, Tsang CYJ, Leung CC, Kwan MP, Tse LA. Sex differences in the associations of sleep-wake characteristics and rest-activity circadian rhythm with specific obesity types among Hong Kong community-dwelling older adults. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2023; 113:105042. [PMID: 37120916 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sex differences exist in sleep characteristics, circadian rhythm and body composition but the evidence on their associations with obesity risk remains unclear. We aimed to examine sex differences in the associations of sleep-wake cycle and rest-activity circadian rhythm with specific obesity types among aged Chinese population. METHODS This report pooled data from 2 population-based surveys conducted during 4/2018-9/2018 and 7/2019-9/2020. All participants wore actigraphy on wrists for 7 days to measure their objective sleep patterns and rest-activity circadian rhythm. We measured participants' anthropometric data, and obtained their body weight, body fat percentage(fat%), visceral fat rating, muscle mass by calibrated bioelectrical impedance analysis device. Hand-grip strength was assessed by Jamar Hydraulic hand dynamometer. Multinomial logistic regression was performed to assess the odds ratio(OR) and 95% confidence intervals(95%CI). RESULTS We recruited 206 male and 134 female older adults with complete actigraphy data, with obesity prevalence of 36.9% and 31.3%, respectively. Male participants who had delayed sleep-wake cycle(i.e.,sleep-onset-time and wake-up time) was associated with higher risk of obesity(late sleep-onset-time:OR=5.28, 95%CI=2.00-13.94), and the results remained consistent for different types of obesity. Males with late M10(i.e., most active 10-hours) onset had higher adipose outcomes with an adjusted OR of 2.92(fat%:95%CI=1.10-7.71; visceral fat:95%CI=1.12-7.61). Among female participants, those with lower relative amplitude were associated with higher BMI and lower hand-grip strength. CONCLUSIONS This study revealed that circadian rhythm fragmentation was associated with obesity and muscle loss. Promoting good sleep quality and maintaining robust circadian rhythm and physical activity can prevent poor muscle strength among older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscilla Ming Yi Lee
- Department of Clinical Medicine-Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Gengze Liao
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Chun Yuk Jason Tsang
- Pneumoconiosis Mutual Aid Association, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Chi Chiu Leung
- Stanley Ho Centre for Emerging Infectious Diseases, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mei-Po Kwan
- Department of Geography and Resource Management, Wong Foo Yuan Building, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; Institute of Space and Earth Information Science, Fok Ying Tung Remote Sensing Science Building, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Lap Ah Tse
- JC School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China.
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Feng H, Yang L, Ai S, Liu Y, Zhang W, Lei B, Chen J, Liu Y, Chan JWY, Chan NY, Tan X, Wang N, Benedict C, Jia F, Wing YK, Zhang J. Association between accelerometer-measured amplitude of rest-activity rhythm and future health risk: a prospective cohort study of the UK Biobank. THE LANCET. HEALTHY LONGEVITY 2023; 4:e200-e210. [PMID: 37148892 DOI: 10.1016/s2666-7568(23)00056-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The health effects of rest-activity rhythm are of major interest to public health, but its associations with health outcomes remain elusive. We aimed to examine the associations between accelerometer-measured rest-activity rhythm amplitude and health risks among the general UK population. METHODS We did a prospective cohort analysis of UK Biobank participants aged 43-79 years with valid wrist-worn accelerometer data. Low rest-activity rhythm amplitude was defined as the first quintile of relative amplitude; all other quintiles were classified as high rest-activity rhythm amplitude. Outcomes of interest were defined using International Classification of Diseases 10th Revision codes and consisted of incident cancer and cardiovascular, infectious, respiratory, and digestive diseases, and all-cause and disease-specific (cardiovascular, cancer, and respiratory) mortality. Participants with a current diagnosis of any outcome of interest were excluded. We assessed the associations between decreased rest-activity rhythm amplitude and outcomes using Cox proportional hazards models. FINDINGS Between June 1, 2013, and Dec 23, 2015, 103 682 participants with available raw accelerometer data were enrolled. 92 614 participants (52 219 [56·4%] women and 40 395 [42·6%] men) with a median age of 64 years (IQR 56-69) were recruited. Median follow-up was 6·4 years (IQR 5·8-6·9). Decreased rest-activity rhythm amplitude was significantly associated with increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases (adjusted hazard ratio 1·11 [95% CI 1·05-1·16]), cancer (1·08 [1·01-1·16]), infectious diseases (1·31 [1·22-1·41]), respiratory diseases (1·26 [1·19-1·34]), and digestive diseases (1·08 [1·03-1·14]), as well as all-cause mortality (1·54 [1·40-1·70]) and disease-specific mortality (1·73 [1·34-2·22] for cardiovascular diseases, 1·32 [1·13-1·55] for cancer, and 1·62 [1·25-2·09] for respiratory diseases). Most of these associations were not modified by age older than 65 years or sex. Among 16 accelerometer-measured rest-activity parameters, low rest-activity rhythm amplitude had the strongest or second- strongest associations with nine health outcomes. INTERPRETATION Our results suggest that low rest-activity rhythm amplitude might contribute to major health outcomes and provide further evidence to promote risk-modifying strategies associated with rest-activity rhythm to improve health and longevity. FUNDING National Natural Science Foundation of China and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Feng
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Center for Sleep and Circadian Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Lulu Yang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sizhi Ai
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Weihui, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Binbin Lei
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Yaping Liu
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Joey W Y Chan
- Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Ngan Yin Chan
- Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Xiao Tan
- Department of Big Data in Health Science, Zhejiang University School of Public Health, and Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ningjian Wang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Christian Benedict
- Molecular Neuropharmacology, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Fujun Jia
- Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yun Kwok Wing
- Li Chiu Kong Family Sleep Assessment Unit, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China
| | - Jihui Zhang
- Center for Sleep and Circadian Medicine, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; Guangdong Mental Health Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Channelopathies of Guangdong Province and the Ministry of Education of China, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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9
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Gu W, Tian Z, Tian W, Song Y, Qi G, Qi J, Sun C. Association of rest-activity circadian rhythm with chronic respiratory diseases, a cross-section survey from NHANES 2011-2014. Respir Med 2023; 209:107147. [PMID: 36754218 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A growing number of studies have examined the 24-h rest-activity characteristics in relation to health outcomes. Up to now, few studies have paid attention to the role of rest-activity circadian rhythm in chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs); therefore, to fill this gap, our study innovatively explored the association of rest-activity circadian rhythm indices with CRDs. METHODS A total of 7412 participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014 were included in this study. The rest-activity circadian rhythm indices were calculated using accelerometer data and were divided into quartiles to perform logistic regression. RESULTS Participants in the highest quartile of Relative amplitude (RA) had a lower prevalence of emphysema, chronic bronchitis and asthma, compared to those in the lowest quartile. Participants in the highest quartile of Intradaily variability (IV) was associated with a higher prevalence of emphysema relative to those in the lowest quartile. Compared to those in the lowest quartile, participants in the highest quartile of the average activity of the most active continuous 10-h period (M10) had a lower prevalence of emphysema. Additionally, compared to those in the lowest quartile of the average activity of the least active continuous 5-h period (L5) and L5 start time, participants in the highest quartile had a higher prevalence of asthma. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that in general US adult population, disrupted rest-activity circadian rhythm was associated with a higher prevalence of CRDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Gu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zhen Tian
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuhua Song
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guolian Qi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jiayue Qi
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Changhao Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, the National Key Discipline, School of Public Health, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
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10
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Moreno JP, Hannay KM, Goetz AR, Walch O, Cheng P. Validation of the Entrainment Signal Regularity Index and associations with children's changes in BMI. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:642-651. [PMID: 36628610 PMCID: PMC9975028 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study examined the validity of a novel metric of circadian health, the Entrainment Signal Regularity Index (ESRI), and its relationship to changes in BMI during the school year and summer. METHODS In a longitudinal observational data set, this study examined the relationship between ESRI score and children's (n = 119, 5- to 8-year-olds) sleep and physical activity levels during the school year and summer, differences in ESRI score during the school year and summer, and the association of ESRI score during the school year and summer with changes in BMI across those time periods. RESULTS The ESRI score was higher during the school year (0.70 ± 0.10) compared with summer (0.63 ± 0.11); t(111) = 5.484, p < 0.001. Whereas the ESRI score at the beginning of the school year did not significantly predict BMI change during the school year (β = 0.05 ± 0.09 SE, p = 0.57), having a higher ESRI score during summer predicted smaller increases in BMI during summer (β = -0.22 ± 0.10 SE, p = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Overall, children demonstrated higher entrainment regularity during the school year compared with the summer. During summer, having a higher entrainment signal was associated with smaller changes in summertime BMI. This effect was independent of the effects of children's sleep midpoint, sleep regularity, and physical activity on children's BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennette P. Moreno
- USDA/ARS Children’s Nutrition Research Center, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kevin M. Hannay
- Department of Mathematics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Arcascope; Chantilly, VA, USA
| | - Amy R. Goetz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Olivia Walch
- Arcascope; Chantilly, VA, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Philip Cheng
- Sleep Disorders and Research Center, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, MI, USA
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11
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Westerterp-Plantenga MS, Drummen M, Tischmann L, Swindell N, Stratton G, Raben A, Westerterp M, Adam T. Circadian rhythm parameters and physical activity associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in the PREVIEW lifestyle study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:744-756. [PMID: 36782388 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was an assessment of post hoc associations among circadian rhythm parameters, physical activity (PA), and cardiometabolic risk factors in adults with obesity and prediabetes after 3 years of weight loss maintenance. METHODS Circadian rhythm parameters (continuous wrist-temperature measurements), PA, systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP), heart rate (HR), plasma high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, remnant cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations were determined in 91 free-living participants (mean [SD], age = 56.6 [10] years; BMI = 28.2 [4.0]; homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance [HOMA-IR] = 3.2 [3.1]) and in 38 participants in sedentary respiration chamber conditions (age = 56.6 [10] years; BMI = 28.5 [4.0]; HOMA-IR = 3.3 [1.4]). Associations of circadian rhythm parameters and PA with cardiometabolic risk factors were determined using factor analyses followed by Pearson correlations. RESULTS Values of cardiometabolic risk factors were similar, whereas circadian rhythm parameters and PA differed significantly (p < 0.05) between conditions. In both conditions, parameters indicating a robust circadian rhythm associated inversely with CRP and positively with plasma HDL-C concentrations. In free-living conditions, PA associated inversely with SBP and HR and positively with HDL-C and robust circadian rhythm parameters. In sedentary conditions, PA associated positively with HR and inversely with robust circadian rhythm parameters. PA mediated the inverse association of parameters indicating a robust circadian rhythm with SBP in free-living conditions. CONCLUSIONS In adults with obesity and prediabetes, parameters indicating a robust circadian rhythm were, independently of PA, associated with lower cardiometabolic risk and CRP. Only in free-living conditions, PA mediated the association of higher circadian stability with lower SBP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margriet S Westerterp-Plantenga
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Mathijs Drummen
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lea Tischmann
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Nils Swindell
- Applied Sports Technology, Exercise and Medicine A-STEM Research Centre College of Engineering, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | - Gareth Stratton
- Applied Sports Technology, Exercise and Medicine A-STEM Research Centre College of Engineering, Swansea, Wales, UK
| | - Anne Raben
- Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen-Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Marit Westerterp
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tanja Adam
- Department of Nutrition and Movement Sciences, NUTRIM, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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12
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Morales-Ghinaglia N, Fernandez-Mendoza J. Sleep variability and regularity as contributors to obesity and cardiometabolic health in adolescence. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2023; 31:597-614. [PMID: 36754840 PMCID: PMC9975080 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adolescence is a developmental stage of critical changes in sleep and its circadian timing when the contribution of abnormal sleep variability (amount) and sleep regularity (timing) to obesity and its associated adverse cardiometabolic health outcomes appears to increase. The aim of this study was to summarize findings from studies conducted in adolescents examining both sleep variability and regularity in relation to obesity and cardiometabolic health. Gaps in research and potential causal pathways that future studies should examine are highlighted. RESULTS Nightly deviations in sleep duration and sleep midpoint appear to contribute to the development of obesity and associated adverse cardiometabolic outcomes in youth. Studies show that increased sleep variability and irregularity are associated with obesity, decreased physical activity, dysregulated eating and inadequate diet, metabolic dysfunction, impaired cardiac autonomic balance, and elevated blood pressure in adolescents. CONCLUSIONS A stable circadian timing of sleep is essential to the overall physical well-being of youth. Emerging evidence supports that sleep variability and circadian misalignment, including sleep irregularity, contribute to adverse obesity-related health outcomes early on in adolescence. Future studies should focus on the underlying behavioral and biological mechanisms in the causal pathway between day-to-day deviations in the amount and timing of sleep and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Morales-Ghinaglia
- Sleep Research & Treatment Center, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Health, Penn State University, College of Medicine, Hershey PA 17033
| | - Julio Fernandez-Mendoza
- Sleep Research & Treatment Center, Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Health, Penn State University, College of Medicine, Hershey PA 17033
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13
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Heckler B, Lee M, Stone K, Bauer C, Xiao Q. Cross-sectional and Prospective Associations of Rest-Activity Rhythms With Body Mass Index in Older Men: A Novel Analysis Using Harmonic Hidden Markov Models. J Biol Rhythms 2023; 38:87-97. [PMID: 36416436 PMCID: PMC10074583 DOI: 10.1177/07487304221134163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Growing evidence supports a role for rest-activity rhythms (RARs) in metabolic health. Epidemiological studies in adolescents and young adults showed that RAR characteristics consistent with weakened rhythmicity were associated with obesity. However, studies in older adults are lacking. The objective of this study was to examine the cross-sectional and prospective associations between RAR and obesity in older men using the Harmonic Hidden Markov Model (HHMM), a novel analytical approach with several advantages over conventional methods for characterizing RAR. The analysis included nearly 3,000 participants in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men study with 5-day 24-h actigraphy data. The strength of RAR was measured by rhythmic index (RI), a scaled value between 0 and 1 with higher values indicating better RAR. Multiple linear and logistic regression adjusting for multiple confounders were performed to examine the RI in relation to body mass index (BMI) and obesity status at baseline and after ~3.5 years of follow-up. We showed that the HHMM can derive both meaningful visual profile and quantifier of RAR. A lower RI was associated with higher BMI and obesity at baseline, and an elevated likelihood for developing obesity over follow-up. Specifically, when compared with men in the highest quartile of RI, those in the lowest quartile on average had a higher BMI (β [95% confidence interval (CI)], 1.76 [1.39, 2.13]) and were more likely to be obese at baseline (odds ratio (OR) [95% CI], 2.63 [2.03, 3.43]). Moreover, among nonobese men at baseline, those in the lowest quartile of RI were 2.06 times (OR [95% CI], 2.06 [1.02, 4.27]) more likely to develop obesity over follow-up when compared with those in the highest quartile. In conclusion, our study demonstrated the utility of HHMM in characterizing RAR and showed that rhythmicity strength was associated with BMI and risk of obesity in older men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Heckler
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
| | - Miryoung Lee
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Brownsville, Texas
| | - Katie Stone
- California Pacific Medical Center Research Institute, San Francisco, California
| | - Cici Bauer
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
| | - Qian Xiao
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, Texas
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14
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Babaei M, Rezaei S, Saghafi Khadem S, Shirinbak I, Basir Shabestari S. The Role of Salivary C-Reactive Protein in Systemic and Oral Disorders: A Systematic Review. Med J Islam Repub Iran 2022; 36:138. [PMID: 36479533 PMCID: PMC9719583 DOI: 10.47176/mjiri.36.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Blood sampling is expensive, time-consuming, invasive, and requires technical facilities, which can be replaced by more convenient samples such as saliva. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a widely used biomarker in the management of many disorders and plasma CRP (pCRP) is suggested to be replaced by salivary CRP (sCRP). This study aimed to systematically review all available literature on the sCRP levels in systemic and oral disorders and how sCRP and pCRP levels correlate among these patients and healthy individuals. Methods: In this systematic review, a PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar search was conducted on October-2021 to identify all research investigating sCRP levels in systemic and oral disorders. Results: A total of 130 publications were analyzed in the review. Most of the studies reported that sCRP and pCRP levels are correlated, and sCRP is a reliable alternative for pCRP level for the diagnosis and management of medical conditions. sCRP has been measured in many different medical and oral disorders and significantly correlated with disease activity in most cases. Conclusion: Salivary CRP is a good alternative for Plasma CRP levels in most cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Babaei
- Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Rezaei
- Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shadi Saghafi Khadem
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Iman Shirinbak
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Samira Basir Shabestari
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Firoozgar Clinical Research Development Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Corresponding author:Samira Basir Shabestari,
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15
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Xu Y, Su S, McCall WV, Wang X. Blunted rest-activity rhythm is associated with increased white blood-cell-based inflammatory markers in adults: an analysis from NHANES 2011-2014. Chronobiol Int 2022; 39:895-902. [PMID: 35260021 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2022.2048663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Circadian rhythm disruption is associated with immune system disturbance and has been observed in many health problems where chronic-inflammation acts as a major contributor. We aim to examine whether rest-activity circadian rhythm is associated with chronic inflammation using white blood-cell-based inflammatory indices including white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil count, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII). We analyzed the data from 8089 adults (age≥20) with at least 4 days of validated accelerometer recordings and a valid WBC count from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014. Non-parametric rest-activity circadian rhythm parameters were derived from the accelerometer recordings. In the models adjusting multiple covariates, a one-quantile increase in relative amplitude (i.e. more robust circadian rhythm) was associated with 1 × 108 cells/L decrease in WBC number (95% CI: 5 × 107 to 1.5 × 108, P < .001), 7 × 107 cells/L decrease in neutrophils (95% CI: 3 × 107 to 1.1 × 108, P = .003) and 15.2 × 109 /L decrease in SII (95% CI: 6 × 109 /L to 20 × 109/L, P = .019). Consistent results were also observed for the association of M10 value and L5 value with these inflammatory indices. Our results indicated that blunted rest-activity circadian rhythm is associated with increased white blood-cell-based inflammatory indices in adults, suggesting interventions aiming at enhancing circadian rhythm by lifestyle programs may be a novel approach to improve the general health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Xu
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Shaoyong Su
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - William V McCall
- Department of Psychiatry and Health Behavior, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
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Li J, Vungarala S, Somers VK, Di J, Lopez-Jimenez F, Covassin N. Rest-Activity Rhythm Is Associated With Obesity Phenotypes: A Cross-Sectional Analysis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:907360. [PMID: 35837304 PMCID: PMC9273840 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.907360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of obesity continues to increase in spite of substantial efforts towards its prevention, posing a major threat to health globally. Circadian disruption has been associated with a wide range of preclinical and clinical disorders, including obesity. However, whether rest-activity rhythm (RAR), an expression of the endogenous circadian rhythm, is associated with excess adiposity is poorly understood. Here we aimed to assess the association of RAR with general and abdominal obesity. METHODS Non-institutionalized adults aged ≥20 years participating in the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2011-2014 who wore accelerometers for at least four 24-hour periods were included (N=7,838). Amplitude, mesor, acrophase and pseudo-F statistic of RAR were estimated using extended cosinor model, and interdaily stability (IS) and intradaily variability (IV) were computed by nonparametric methods. We tested the association between rest-activity rhythm and general obesity defined by body mass index and abdominal obesity by waist circumference. Waist-to-height ratio, sagittal abdominal diameter, and total and trunk fat percentages measured by imaging methods were also analyzed. RESULTS In multivariable analysis, low amplitude (magnitude of the rhythm), mesor (rhythm-corrected average activity level), pseudo-F statistic (robustness of the rhythm), IS (day-to-day rhythm stability), or high IV (rhythm fragmentation) were independently associated with higher likelihood of general or abdominal obesity (all Ps<.05). Consistently, RAR metrics were similarly associated with all adiposity measures (all Ps<.01). Delayed phase of RAR (later acrophase) was only significantly related to general and abdominal obesity in women. CONCLUSIONS Aberrant RAR is independently associated with anthropometric and imaging measures of general and abdominal obesity. Longitudinal studies assessing whether RAR metrics can predict weight gain and incident obesity are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingen Li
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Soumya Vungarala
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Virend K. Somers
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - Junrui Di
- Department of Biostatistics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MA, United States
| | | | - Naima Covassin
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
- *Correspondence: Naima Covassin,
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The effect of the transdiagnostic sleep and circadian intervention (TranS-C) on actigraphic estimates of sleep and rest-activity rhythms in adolescents with an evening circadian preference. Sleep Health 2021; 8:191-194. [PMID: 34924346 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleh.2021.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study evaluates whether the Transdiagnostic Sleep and Circadian Intervention for Youth (TranS-C) improves objective sleep and rest-activity rhythms in a sample of youth with an evening circadian preference (ECP). METHODS Youth with an ECP aged 10-18 years were randomized to receive 6 sessions of TranS-C (n = 60) or Psychoeducation (PE; n = 58). For one week prior to beginning treatment and within 2 weeks of completing treatment, participants wore an actiwatch to assess objective sleep and rest-activity rhythms. RESULTS Among TranS-C participants, there were significant pre-post improvements in weeknight total sleep time (TST), weekend TST, and weeknight-weekend discrepancy in TST and sleep offset time. These changes were not significant in PE. There was no significant treatment by time interactions for the sleep or rest-activity outcomes. CONCLUSIONS For youth with an ECP, TranS-C improves select objective sleep but not rest-activity outcomes, though compared to PE, these benefits did not reach statistical significance.
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Xiao Q, Matthews CE, Playdon M, Bauer C. The association between rest-activity rhythms and glycemic markers: the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2011-2014. Sleep 2021; 45:6460430. [PMID: 34897522 PMCID: PMC9013003 DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsab291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies conducted in mostly homogeneous sociodemographic samples have reported a relationship between weakened and/or disrupted rest-activity patterns and metabolic dysfunction. This study aims to examine rest-activity rhythm characteristics in relation to glycemic markers in a large nationally representative and diverse sample of American adults. METHODS This study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2014. Rest-activity characteristics were derived from extended cosine models using 24-hour actigraphy. We used multinomial logistic regression and multiple linear regression models to assess the associations with multiple glycemic markers (i.e., glycated hemoglobin, fasting glucose and insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, and results from the oral glucose tolerance test), and compared the results across different categories of age, gender, race/ethnicity, and body mass index. RESULTS We found that compared to those in the highest quintile of F statistic, a model-fitness measure with higher values indicating a stronger cosine-like pattern of daily activity, participants in the lowest quintile (i.e, those with the weakest rhythmicity) were 2.37 times more likely to be diabetic (OR Q1 vs. Q5 2.37 (95% CI 1.72, 3.26), p-trend < .0001). Similar patterns were observed for other rest-activity characteristics, including lower amplitude (2.44 (1.60, 3.72)), mesor (1.39 (1.01, 1.91)), and amplitude:mesor ratio (2.09 (1.46, 2.99)), and delayed acrophase (1.46 (1.07, 2.00)). Results were consistent for multiple glycemic biomarkers, and across different sociodemographic and BMI groups. CONCLUSIONS Our findings support an association between weakened and/or disrupted rest-activity rhythms and impaired glycemic control among a diverse US population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Xiao
- Corresponding author: Qian Xiao, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, 1200 Pressler St., Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Charles E Matthews
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mary Playdon
- Department of Nutrition and Integrative Physiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA,Cancer Control and Population Sciences Program, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Cici Bauer
- Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Abstract
Circadian disruption is pervasive and can occur at multiple organizational levels, contributing to poor health outcomes at individual and population levels. Evidence points to a bidirectional relationship, in that circadian disruption increases disease severity and many diseases can disrupt circadian rhythms. Importantly, circadian disruption can increase the risk for the expression and development of neurologic, psychiatric, cardiometabolic, and immune disorders. Thus, harnessing the rich findings from preclinical and translational research in circadian biology to enhance health via circadian-based approaches represents a unique opportunity for personalized/precision medicine and overall societal well-being. In this Review, we discuss the implications of circadian disruption for human health using a bench-to-bedside approach. Evidence from preclinical and translational science is applied to a clinical and population-based approach. Given the broad implications of circadian regulation for human health, this Review focuses its discussion on selected examples in neurologic, psychiatric, metabolic, cardiovascular, allergic, and immunologic disorders that highlight the interrelatedness between circadian disruption and human disease and the potential of circadian-based interventions, such as bright light therapy and exogenous melatonin, as well as chronotherapy to improve and/or modify disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna B Fishbein
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, and
| | - Kristen L Knutson
- Department of Neurology and Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Phyllis C Zee
- Department of Neurology and Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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Actigraphy-derived rest-activity rhythms are associated with nocturnal blood pressure in young women. J Hypertens 2021; 39:2413-2421. [PMID: 34387571 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000002966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Misalignment between lifestyle behaviors and endogenous circadian rhythms is associated with elevated nocturnal blood pressure (BP) in experimental studies; however, less is known about free-living (i.e. nonlaboratory) circadian disruption and nocturnal BP. Additionally, sex-specific cardiovascular implications of circadian disruption are unclear. OBJECTIVE To examine the associations between rest--activity rhythms (RAR), a field-based estimate of circadian disruption, and nocturnal BP characteristics in male and female young adults. METHODS Fifty participants (20 ± 1 years; 20 men/30 women) underwent 24-h ambulatory BP monitoring following 14 days of wrist actigraphy. RAR variables of interdaily stability (day-to-day consistency in RAR), intradaily variability (within-day fragmentation of RAR), and relative amplitude (difference between peak vs. trough activity) were derived from actigraphy. Multivariable regression models of mean nocturnal SBP, DBP, and SBP dipping were generated to test main associations with RAR variables, and sex × RAR interactions. Daytime BP, race, BMI, physical activity, sleep duration, alcohol, caffeine, and sodium intake were considered as covariates. RESULTS In the full sample, no main associations between RAR and nocturnal BP characteristics were found. Sex interacted with RAR such that in women, higher interdaily stability (β = -5.39, 95% CI = -10.04 to -0.73, P = 0.024) and relative amplitude (β = -4.78, 95% CI = -9.22 to -0.34, P = 0.036) were both associated with lower nocturnal SBP. Sex-stratified multivariable models of nocturnal BP also revealed associations between interdaily stability and relative amplitude with SBP dipping in women (all P ≤ 0.01). No associations were apparent in men. CONCLUSION Consistent and high-amplitude RAR are favorably associated with nocturnal BP characteristics in young female adults.
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Moreno JP, Razjouyan J, Lester H, Dadabhoy H, Amirmazaheri M, Reesor-Oyer L, O'Connor TM, Hernandez DC, Najafi B, Alfano CA, Crowley SJ, Thompson D, Baranowski T. Later sleep timing predicts accelerated summer weight gain among elementary school children: a prospective observational study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:94. [PMID: 34247639 PMCID: PMC8273994 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01165-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES AND BACKGROUND Social demands of the school-year and summer environment may affect children's sleep patterns and circadian rhythms during these periods. The current study examined differences in children's sleep and circadian-related behaviors during the school-year and summer and explored the association between sleep and circadian parameters and change in body mass index (BMI) during these time periods. METHODS This was a prospective observational study with 119 children ages 5 to 8 years with three sequential BMI assessments: early school-year (fall), late school-year (spring), and beginning of the following school-year in Houston, Texas, USA. Sleep midpoint, sleep duration, variability of sleep midpoint, physical activity, and light exposure were estimated using wrist-worn accelerometry during the school-year (fall) and summer. To examine the effect of sleep parameters, physical activity level, and light exposure on change in BMI, growth curve modeling was conducted controlling for age, race, sex, and chronotype. RESULTS Children's sleep midpoint shifted later by an average of 1.5 h during summer compared to the school-year. After controlling for covariates, later sleep midpoints predicted larger increases in BMI during summer, (γ = .0004, p = .03), but not during the school-year. Sleep duration, sleep midpoint variability, physical activity levels, and sedentary behavior were not associated with change in BMI during the school-year or summer. Females tended to increase their BMI at a faster rate during summer compared to males, γ = .06, p = .049. Greater amounts of outdoor light exposure (γ = -.01, p = .02) predicted smaller increases in school-year BMI. CONCLUSIONS Obesity prevention interventions may need to target different behaviors depending on whether children are in or out of school. Promotion of outdoor time during the school-year and earlier sleep times during the summer may be effective obesity prevention strategies during these respective times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennette P Moreno
- Department of Pediatrics, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Javad Razjouyan
- VA HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Department of Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Big Data Scientist Training Enhancement Program (BD-STEP), VA Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Houston Lester
- VA HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Department of Management, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA
| | - Hafza Dadabhoy
- Department of Pediatrics, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Mona Amirmazaheri
- VA HSR&D Center for Innovations in Quality, Effectiveness and Safety, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Department of Surgery, Interdisciplinary Consortium on Advanced Motion Performance (iCAMP), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Layton Reesor-Oyer
- Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA
| | - Teresia M O'Connor
- Department of Pediatrics, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Daphne C Hernandez
- Cizik School of Nursing, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bijan Najafi
- Department of Surgery, Interdisciplinary Consortium on Advanced Motion Performance (iCAMP), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Candice A Alfano
- Department of Psychology, Sleep and Anxiety Center of Houston (SACH), University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Stephanie J Crowley
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Biological Rhythms Research Laboratory, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Debbe Thompson
- Department of Pediatrics, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Tom Baranowski
- Department of Pediatrics, USDA/ARS Children's Nutrition Research Center, Baylor College of Medicine, 1100 Bates Street, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
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