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Li JJ, Wang XX, Li YM, Li N, Zhu HT, Eshbakova KA, Zhang YJ. Phenolic constituents with potent α-glucosidase inhibitory and cytotoxic activities from Rumex nepalensis var. remotiflorus. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2024; 223:114122. [PMID: 38710376 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2024.114122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Quantitative analysis of Rumex nepalensis var. remotiflorus revealed that its roots contain rich anthraquinones, which has emodin, chrysophanol, and physcion contents of up to 0.30, 0.67, and 0.98 mg/g, respectively. Further phytochemical study led to the isolation and purification of seven undescribed phenolic constituents, including one flavan derivative with a 13-membered ring, polygorumin A (1), two dianthrone glucosides, polygonumnolides F and G (2, 3), two diphenylmethanones, rumepalens A and B (4, 5), and a pair of epimeric oxanthrone C-glucosides, rumejaposides K and L (6a, 6b) from the roots of R. nepalensis var. remotiflorus. Furthermore, 1 undescribed natural product, 1-β-D-glucoside-6'-[(2E)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-propenoate]-3-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl (19), and 21 known phenolic compounds were obtained from the aforementioned plant for the first time. Their structures were elucidated through extensive spectroscopic data analysis. Notably, compounds 1, 4-5, and 7-9 exhibited inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase with IC50 values ranging from 1.61 ± 0.17 to 32.41 ± 0.87 μM. In addition, the isolated dianthrone, chrysophanol bianthrone (14), showed obvious cytotoxicity against four human cancer cell lines (HL-60, SMMC-7721, A-549, and MDA-MB-231) with IC50 values ranging from 3.81 ± 0.17 to 35.15 ± 2.24 μM. In silico target prediction and molecular docking studies demonstrated that the mechanism of the anticancer activity of 14 may be related to the interaction with protein kinase CK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xin-Xin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, China
| | - Yuan-Meng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China; Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Highly-Efficient Utilization of Forestry Biomass Resources in Southwest China, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, 650224, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Hong-Tao Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Komila Alibekovna Eshbakova
- S. Yu. Yunusov Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100170, Uzbekistan
| | - Ying-Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
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2
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Bradley D, Garand C, Belda H, Gagnon-Arsenault I, Treeck M, Elowe S, Landry CR. The substrate quality of CK2 target sites has a determinant role on their function and evolution. Cell Syst 2024; 15:544-562.e8. [PMID: 38861992 DOI: 10.1016/j.cels.2024.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Most biological processes are regulated by signaling modules that bind to short linear motifs. For protein kinases, substrates may have full or only partial matches to the kinase recognition motif, a property known as "substrate quality." However, it is not clear whether differences in substrate quality represent neutral variation or if they have functional consequences. We examine this question for the kinase CK2, which has many fundamental functions. We show that optimal CK2 sites are phosphorylated at maximal stoichiometries and found in many conditions, whereas minimal substrates are more weakly phosphorylated and have regulatory functions. Optimal CK2 sites tend to be more conserved, and substrate quality is often tuned by selection. For intermediate sites, increases or decreases in substrate quality may be deleterious, as we demonstrate for a CK2 substrate at the kinetochore. The results together suggest a strong role for substrate quality in phosphosite function and evolution. A record of this paper's transparent peer review process is included in the supplemental information.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bradley
- Département de Biochimie, de Microbiologie et de Bio-informatique, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; PROTEO, Le regroupement québécois de recherche sur la fonction, l'ingénierie et les applications des protéines, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Centre de Recherche sur les Données Massives (CRDM), Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Chantal Garand
- PROTEO, Le regroupement québécois de recherche sur la fonction, l'ingénierie et les applications des protéines, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Axe de Reproduction, Santé de la mère et de l'enfant, CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Hugo Belda
- Signalling in Host-Pathogen Interaction Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW11AT, UK
| | - Isabelle Gagnon-Arsenault
- Département de Biochimie, de Microbiologie et de Bio-informatique, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; PROTEO, Le regroupement québécois de recherche sur la fonction, l'ingénierie et les applications des protéines, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Centre de Recherche sur les Données Massives (CRDM), Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Moritz Treeck
- Signalling in Host-Pathogen Interaction Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW11AT, UK; Cell Biology of Host-Pathogen Interaction Laboratory, The Gulbenkian Institute of Science, Oeiras 2780-156, Portugal
| | - Sabine Elowe
- PROTEO, Le regroupement québécois de recherche sur la fonction, l'ingénierie et les applications des protéines, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Axe de Reproduction, Santé de la mère et de l'enfant, CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada; Centre de Recherche sur le Cancer, CHU de Québec, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Christian R Landry
- Département de Biochimie, de Microbiologie et de Bio-informatique, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Institut de Biologie Intégrative et des Systèmes (IBIS), Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; PROTEO, Le regroupement québécois de recherche sur la fonction, l'ingénierie et les applications des protéines, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Centre de Recherche sur les Données Massives (CRDM), Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada; Département de Biologie, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Québec City, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
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3
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Al-Qadhi MA, Yahya TAA, El-Nassan HB. Recent Advances in the Discovery of CK2 Inhibitors. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:20702-20719. [PMID: 38764653 PMCID: PMC11097362 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c10478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
CK2 is a vital enzyme that phosphorylates a large number of substrates and thereby controls many processes in the body. Its upregulation was reported in many cancer types. Inhibitors of CK2 might have anticancer activity, and two compounds are currently under clinical trials. However, both compounds are ATP-competitive inhibitors that may have off-target side effects. The development of allosteric and dual inhibitors can overcome this drawback. These inhibitors showed higher selectivity and specificity for the CK2 enzyme compared to the ATP-competitive inhibitors. The present review summarizes the efforts exerted in the last five years in the design of CK2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa A. Al-Qadhi
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sana’a University, 18084 Sana’a, Yemen
| | - Tawfeek A. A. Yahya
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sana’a University, 18084 Sana’a,Yemen
| | - Hala B. El-Nassan
- Pharmaceutical
Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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4
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Yang J, Lin L, Zou GJ, Wang LF, Li F, Li CQ, Cui YH, Huang FL. CK2 negatively regulates the extinction of remote fear memory. Behav Brain Res 2024; 465:114960. [PMID: 38494129 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2024.114960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Cognitive behavioral therapy, rooted in exposure therapy, is currently the primary approach employed in the treatment of anxiety-related conditions, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In laboratory settings, fear extinction in animals is a commonly employed technique to investigate exposure therapy; however, the precise mechanisms underlying fear extinction remain elusive. Casein kinase 2 (CK2), which regulates neuroplasticity via phosphorylation of its substrates, has a significant influence in various neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease, as well as in the process of learning and memory. In this study, we adopted a classical Pavlovian fear conditioning model to investigate the involvement of CK2 in remote fear memory extinction and its underlying mechanisms. The results indicated that the activity of CK2 in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of mice was significantly upregulated after extinction training of remote cued fear memory. Notably, administration of the CK2 inhibitor CX-4945 prior to extinction training facilitated the extinction of remote fear memory. In addition, CX-4945 significantly upregulated the expression of p-ERK1/2 and p-CREB in the mPFC. Our results suggest that CK2 negatively regulates remote fear memory extinction, at least in part, by inhibiting the ERK-CREB pathway. These findings contribute to our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of remote cued fear extinction, thereby offering a theoretical foundation and identifying potential targets for the intervention and treatment of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China; School of Basic Medicine, Yiyang Medical College, Yiyang, Hunan 413000, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Nursing Department, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Guang-Jing Zou
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Lai-Fa Wang
- Hunan Provincial University Key Laboratory of the Fundamental and Clinical Research on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Changsha Medical University, Changsha, Hunan 410219, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Chang-Qi Li
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China
| | - Yan-Hui Cui
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, China.
| | - Fu-Lian Huang
- School of Basic Medicine, Yiyang Medical College, Yiyang, Hunan 413000, China.
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5
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Wallner ES, Mair A, Handler D, McWhite C, Xu SL, Dolan L, Bergmann DC. Spatially resolved proteomics of the Arabidopsis stomatal lineage identifies polarity complexes for cell divisions and stomatal pores. Dev Cell 2024; 59:1096-1109.e5. [PMID: 38518768 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Cell polarity is used to guide asymmetric divisions and create morphologically diverse cells. We find that two oppositely oriented cortical polarity domains present during the asymmetric divisions in the Arabidopsis stomatal lineage are reconfigured into polar domains marking ventral (pore-forming) and outward-facing domains of maturing stomatal guard cells. Proteins that define these opposing polarity domains were used as baits in miniTurboID-based proximity labeling. Among differentially enriched proteins, we find kinases, putative microtubule-interacting proteins, and polar SOSEKIs with their effector ANGUSTIFOLIA. Using AI-facilitated protein structure prediction models, we identify potential protein-protein interaction interfaces among them. Functional and localization analyses of the polarity protein OPL2 and its putative interaction partners suggest a positive interaction with mitotic microtubules and a role in cytokinesis. This combination of proteomics and structural modeling with live-cell imaging provides insights into how polarity is rewired in different cell types and cell-cycle stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Sophie Wallner
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5020, USA; Gregor Mendel Institute, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Wien, Austria; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Andrea Mair
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | | | - Claire McWhite
- Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
| | - Shou-Ling Xu
- Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Carnegie Mass Spectrometry Facility, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Liam Dolan
- Gregor Mendel Institute, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 3, 1030 Wien, Austria
| | - Dominique C Bergmann
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5020, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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6
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Li X, Yang Q, Jiang P, Wen J, Chen Y, Huang J, Tian M, Ren J, Yang Q. Inhibition of CK2 Diminishes Fibrotic Scar Formation and Improves Outcomes After Ischemic Stroke via Reducing BRD4 Phosphorylation. Neurochem Res 2024; 49:1254-1267. [PMID: 38381246 PMCID: PMC10991067 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-024-04112-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Fibrotic scars play important roles in tissue reconstruction and functional recovery in the late stage of nervous system injury. However, the mechanisms underlying fibrotic scar formation and regulation remain unclear. Casein kinase II (CK2) is a protein kinase that regulates a variety of cellular functions through the phosphorylation of proteins, including bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4). CK2 and BRD4 participate in fibrosis formation in a variety of tissues. However, whether CK2 affects fibrotic scar formation remains unclear, as do the mechanisms of signal regulation after cerebral ischemic injury. In this study, we assessed whether CK2 could modulate fibrotic scar formation after cerebral ischemic injury through BRD4. Primary meningeal fibroblasts were isolated from neonatal rats and treated with transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), SB431542 (a TGF-β1 receptor kinase inhibitor) or TBB (a highly potent CK2 inhibitor). Adult SD rats were intraperitoneally injected with TBB to inhibit CK2 after MCAO/R. We found that CK2 expression was increased in vitro in the TGF-β1-induced fibrosis model and in vivo in the MCAO/R injury model. The TGF-β1 receptor kinase inhibitor SB431542 decreased CK2 expression in fibroblasts. The CK2 inhibitor TBB reduced the increases in proliferation, migration and activation of fibroblasts caused by TGF-β1 in vitro, and it inhibited fibrotic scar formation, ameliorated histopathological damage, protected Nissl bodies, decreased infarct volume and alleviated neurological deficits after MCAO/R injury in vivo. Furthermore, CK2 inhibition decreased BRD4 phosphorylation both in vitro and in vivo. The findings of the present study suggested that CK2 may control BRD4 phosphorylation to regulate fibrotic scar formation, to affecting outcomes after ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
- Department of Neurology, The Second People's Hospital of Chongqing Banan District, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinghuan Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Peiran Jiang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jun Wen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jiagui Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Mingfen Tian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jiangxia Ren
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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7
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Hoenigsperger H, Koepke L, Acharya D, Hunszinger V, Freisem D, Grenzner A, Wiese S, Kirchhoff F, Gack MU, Sparrer KM. CSNK2 suppresses autophagy by activating FLN-NHL-containing TRIM proteins. Autophagy 2024; 20:994-1014. [PMID: 37938186 PMCID: PMC11135829 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2281128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Macroautophagy/autophagy is a tightly regulated cellular process integral to homeostasis and innate immunity. As such, dysregulation of autophagy is associated with cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and infectious diseases. While numerous factors that promote autophagy have been characterized, the key mechanisms that prevent excessive autophagy are less well understood. Here, we identify CSNK2/CK2 (casein kinase 2) as a negative regulator of autophagy. Pharmacological inhibition of CSNK2 activity or siRNA-mediated depletion of CSNK2 increased basal autophagic flux in cell lines and primary human lung cells. Vice versa, ectopic expression of CSNK2 reduced autophagic flux. Mechanistically, CSNK2 interacted with the FLN (filamin)-NHL domain-containing tripartite motif (TRIM) family members TRIM2, TRIM3 and TRIM71. Our data show that recruitment of CSNK2 to the C-terminal NHL domain of TRIM3 lead to its robust phosphorylation at serine 661 by CSNK2. A phosphorylation-defective mutant of TRIM3 was unable to reduce autophagosome numbers indicating that phosphorylation by CSNK2 is required for TRIM-mediated autophagy inhibition. All three TRIMs facilitated inactivation of the ULK1-BECN1 autophagy initiation complex by facilitating ULK1 serine 757 phosphorylation. Inhibition of CSNK2 promoted autophagy upon influenza A virus (IAV) and measles virus (MeV) infection. In line with this, targeting of CSNK2 or depletion of TRIM2, TRIM3 or TRIM71 enhanced autophagy-dependent restriction of IAV, MeV and human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1). Thus, our results identify the CSNK2-TRIM2, -TRIM3, -TRIM71 axis as a key regulatory pathway that limits autophagy. Targeting this axis may allow for therapeutic induction of autophagy against viral infections and in diseases associated with dysregulated autophagy.Abbreviation: ATG5: autophagy related 5; BafA1: bafilomycin A1; BECN1: beclin 1; CCD: coiled-coil domain; CSNK2/CK2: casein kinase 2; CSNK2A1: casein kinase 2 alpha 1; CSNK2A2: casein kinase 2 alpha 2; CSNK2B: casein kinase 2 beta; FLN: filamin; HeLa GL: HeLa cells stably expressing eGFP-LC3B; HIV-1: human immunodeficiency virus 1; IAV: influenza A virus; MAP1LC3B/LC3B: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MeV: measles virus; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; RING: really interesting new gene; SQSTM1/p62: sequestosome 1; TRIM: tripartite motif; ULK1: unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helene Hoenigsperger
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Lennart Koepke
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Dhiraj Acharya
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, Port St Lucie, Florida, USA
| | - Victoria Hunszinger
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Dennis Freisem
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Grenzner
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Wiese
- Core Unit Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Ulm University, Ulm, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Frank Kirchhoff
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
| | - Michaela U. Gack
- Florida Research and Innovation Center, Cleveland Clinic, Port St Lucie, Florida, USA
| | - Konstantin M.J. Sparrer
- Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Germany
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8
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Nishiwaki K, Nakatani S, Nakamura S, Yoshioka K, Nakagawa E, Tsuyuguchi M, Kinoshita T, Nakanishi I. Enhanced inhibitory activity of compounds containing purine scaffolds compared to protein kinase CK2α considering crystalline water. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:1274-1282. [PMID: 38665825 PMCID: PMC11042117 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00755c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
We recently reported novel purine-based CK2α inhibitors using the solvent ordering-based method as virtual screening. Among these, the X-ray crystal structure of a complex with CK2α was determined. The results showed that the crystalline water molecules observed in many previously reported complex structures of CK2α and its inhibitors had been eliminated. We then proposed a structure-based drug design. Since the removal of water molecules would be detrimental to inhibitor binding, new groups of compounds were designed by changing the position of the carboxy group located at the point where a water molecule would be present so as not to eliminate it. Compounds with (E)-2-carboxyethenyl and 3-carboxyphenyl substituted at the 2-position on the purine scaffold showed much higher inhibitory potency than 4-carboxyphenyl derivatives. Furthermore, in the presence of a 4-fluorophenyl group at the 9-position on the purine scaffold, the inhibitory activity of the 3-carboxyphenyl derivative against CK2α was 0.18 μM, a 167-fold improvement compared to the 4-carboxyphenyl derivative. The strategy of leaving crystalline water can significantly increase inhibitory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Nishiwaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University 3-4-1 Kowakae Higashiosaka Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Shiori Nakatani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University 3-4-1 Kowakae Higashiosaka Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Shinya Nakamura
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University 3-4-1 Kowakae Higashiosaka Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Kenji Yoshioka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University 3-4-1 Kowakae Higashiosaka Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Eri Nakagawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University 3-4-1 Kowakae Higashiosaka Osaka 577-8502 Japan
| | - Masato Tsuyuguchi
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Takayoshi Kinoshita
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Naka-ku Sakai Osaka 599-8531 Japan
| | - Isao Nakanishi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University 3-4-1 Kowakae Higashiosaka Osaka 577-8502 Japan
- Antiaging Center, Kindai University 3-4-1 Kowakae Higashiosaka Osaka 577-8502 Japan
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9
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Hermosilla VE, Gyenis L, Rabalski AJ, Armijo ME, Sepúlveda P, Duprat F, Benítez-Riquelme D, Fuentes-Villalobos F, Quiroz A, Hepp MI, Farkas C, Mastel M, González-Chavarría I, Jackstadt R, Litchfield DW, Castro AF, Pincheira R. Casein kinase 2 phosphorylates and induces the SALL2 tumor suppressor degradation in colon cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:223. [PMID: 38493149 PMCID: PMC10944491 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06591-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024]
Abstract
Spalt-like proteins are Zinc finger transcription factors from Caenorhabditis elegans to vertebrates, with critical roles in development. In vertebrates, four paralogues have been identified (SALL1-4), and SALL2 is the family's most dissimilar member. SALL2 is required during brain and eye development. It is downregulated in cancer and acts as a tumor suppressor, promoting cell cycle arrest and cell death. Despite its critical functions, information about SALL2 regulation is scarce. Public data indicate that SALL2 is ubiquitinated and phosphorylated in several residues along the protein, but the mechanisms, biological consequences, and enzymes responsible for these modifications remain unknown. Bioinformatic analyses identified several putative phosphorylation sites for Casein Kinase II (CK2) located within a highly conserved C-terminal PEST degradation motif of SALL2. CK2 is a serine/threonine kinase that promotes cell proliferation and survival and is often hyperactivated in cancer. We demonstrated that CK2 phosphorylates SALL2 residues S763, T778, S802, and S806 and promotes SALL2 degradation by the proteasome. Accordingly, pharmacological inhibition of CK2 with Silmitasertib (CX-4945) restored endogenous SALL2 protein levels in SALL2-deficient breast MDA-MB-231, lung H1299, and colon SW480 cancer cells. Silmitasertib induced a methuosis-like phenotype and cell death in SW480 cells. However, the phenotype was significantly attenuated in CRISPr/Cas9-mediated SALL2 knockout SW480 cells. Similarly, Sall2-deficient tumor organoids were more resistant to Silmitasertib-induced cell death, confirming that SALL2 sensitizes cancer cells to CK2 inhibition. We identified a novel CK2-dependent mechanism for SALL2 regulation and provided new insights into the interplay between these two proteins and their role in cell survival and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- V E Hermosilla
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Laboratorio de Transducción de Señales y Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Dept of Orofacial Sciences and Dept of Anatomy, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - L Gyenis
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - A J Rabalski
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- Odyssey Therapeutics, Boston, MA, USA
| | - M E Armijo
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Laboratorio de Transducción de Señales y Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - P Sepúlveda
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Laboratorio de Transducción de Señales y Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - F Duprat
- Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - D Benítez-Riquelme
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Laboratorio de Transducción de Señales y Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - F Fuentes-Villalobos
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Laboratorio de Transducción de Señales y Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Laboratorio de Inmunovirología. Departamento de Microbiologia. Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - A Quiroz
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Laboratorio de Transducción de Señales y Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - M I Hepp
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Laboratorio de Transducción de Señales y Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas y Morfología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - C Farkas
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Laboratorio de Transducción de Señales y Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas y Morfología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - M Mastel
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), 69120 Heidelberg. Cancer Progression and Metastasis Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - I González-Chavarría
- Departamento de Fisiopatología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - R Jackstadt
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH), 69120 Heidelberg. Cancer Progression and Metastasis Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - D W Litchfield
- Department of Biochemistry, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - A F Castro
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
- Laboratorio de Transducción de Señales y Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
| | - R Pincheira
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
- Laboratorio de Transducción de Señales y Cáncer, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
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10
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Rosario-Rodríguez LJ, Cantres-Rosario YM, Carrasquillo-Carrión K, Rodríguez-De Jesús AE, Cartagena-Isern LJ, García-Requena LA, Roche-Lima A, Meléndez LM. Quantitative Proteomics Reveal That CB2R Agonist JWH-133 Downregulates NF-κB Activation, Oxidative Stress, and Lysosomal Exocytosis from HIV-Infected Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3246. [PMID: 38542221 PMCID: PMC10970132 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25063246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) affect 15-55% of HIV-positive patients and effective therapies are unavailable. HIV-infected monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) invade the brain of these individuals, promoting neurotoxicity. We demonstrated an increased expression of cathepsin B (CATB), a lysosomal protease, in monocytes and post-mortem brain tissues of women with HAND. Increased CATB release from HIV-infected MDM leads to neurotoxicity, and their secretion is associated with NF-κB activation, oxidative stress, and lysosomal exocytosis. Cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2R) agonist, JWH-133, decreases HIV-1 replication, CATB secretion, and neurotoxicity from HIV-infected MDM, but the mechanisms are not entirely understood. We hypothesized that HIV-1 infection upregulates the expression of proteins associated with oxidative stress and that a CB2R agonist could reverse these effects. MDM were isolated from healthy women donors (n = 3), infected with HIV-1ADA, and treated with JWH-133. After 13 days post-infection, cell lysates were labeled by Tandem Mass Tag (TMT) and analyzed by LC/MS/MS quantitative proteomics bioinformatics. While HIV-1 infection upregulated CATB, NF-κB signaling, Nrf2-mediated oxidative stress response, and lysosomal exocytosis, JWH-133 treatment downregulated the expression of the proteins involved in these pathways. Our results suggest that JWH-133 is a potential alternative therapy against HIV-induced neurotoxicity and warrant in vivo studies to test its potential against HAND.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lester J. Rosario-Rodríguez
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico;
| | - Yadira M. Cantres-Rosario
- Translational Proteomics Center, Center for Collaborative Research in Health Disparities, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico; (Y.M.C.-R.); (A.E.R.-D.J.)
| | - Kelvin Carrasquillo-Carrión
- Integrated Informatics Core, Center for Collaborative Research in Health Disparities, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico; (K.C.-C.); (A.R.-L.)
| | - Ana E. Rodríguez-De Jesús
- Translational Proteomics Center, Center for Collaborative Research in Health Disparities, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico; (Y.M.C.-R.); (A.E.R.-D.J.)
| | - Luz J. Cartagena-Isern
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico-Río Piedras Campus, San Juan 00925, Puerto Rico; (L.J.C.-I.); (L.A.G.-R.)
| | - Luis A. García-Requena
- Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico-Río Piedras Campus, San Juan 00925, Puerto Rico; (L.J.C.-I.); (L.A.G.-R.)
| | - Abiel Roche-Lima
- Integrated Informatics Core, Center for Collaborative Research in Health Disparities, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico; (K.C.-C.); (A.R.-L.)
| | - Loyda M. Meléndez
- Department of Microbiology and Medical Zoology, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico;
- Translational Proteomics Center, Center for Collaborative Research in Health Disparities, University of Puerto Rico-Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan 00935, Puerto Rico; (Y.M.C.-R.); (A.E.R.-D.J.)
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11
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Jin J, Hou S, Yao Y, Liu M, Mao L, Yang M, Tong H, Zeng T, Huang J, Zhu Y, Wang H. Phosphoproteomic Characterization and Kinase Signature Predict Response to Venetoclax Plus 3+7 Chemotherapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305885. [PMID: 38161214 PMCID: PMC10953567 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Resistance to chemotherapy remains a formidable obstacle in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) therapeutic management, necessitating the exploration of optimal strategies to maximize therapeutic benefits. Venetoclax with 3+7 daunorubicin and cytarabine (DAV regimen) in young adult de novo AML patients is evaluated. 90% of treated patients achieved complete remission, underscoring the potential of this regimen as a compelling therapeutic intervention. To elucidate underlying mechanisms governing response to DAV in AML, quantitative phosphoproteomics to discern distinct molecular signatures characterizing a subset of DAV-sensitive patients is used. Cluster analysis reveals an enrichment of phosphoproteins implicated in chromatin organization and RNA processing within DAV-susceptible and DA-resistant AML patients. Furthermore, kinase activity profiling identifies AURKB as a candidate indicator of DAV regimen efficacy in DA-resistant AML due to AURKB activation. Intriguingly, AML cells overexpressing AURKB exhibit attenuated MCL-1 expression, rendering them receptive to DAV treatment and maintaining them resistant to DA treatment. Moreover, the dataset delineates a shared kinase, AKT1, associated with DAV response. Notably, AKT1 inhibition augments the antileukemic efficacy of DAV treatment in AML. Overall, this phosphoproteomic study identifies the role of AURKB as a predictive biomarker for DA, but not DAV, resistance and proposes a promising strategy to counteract therapy resistance in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Jin
- Department of Hematologythe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Hematopoietic MalignancyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangP. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematological DisordersHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang University Cancer CenterHangzhouZhejiangP. R. China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong LaboratoryJinanP. R. China
| | - Shangyu Hou
- Research Center for Translational MedicineShanghai East HospitalSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai200092P.R. China
| | - Yiyi Yao
- Department of Hematologythe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Hematopoietic MalignancyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangP. R. China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- Research Center for Translational MedicineShanghai East HospitalSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai200092P.R. China
| | - Liping Mao
- Department of Hematologythe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Hematopoietic MalignancyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangP. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematological DisordersHangzhouChina
| | - Min Yang
- Department of Hematologythe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Hematopoietic MalignancyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangP. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematological DisordersHangzhouChina
| | - Hongyan Tong
- Department of Hematologythe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Hematopoietic MalignancyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangP. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematological DisordersHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang University Cancer CenterHangzhouZhejiangP. R. China
| | - Tao Zeng
- Biomedical big data centerthe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou, Zhejiang310003P.R. China
| | - Jinyan Huang
- Biomedical big data centerthe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou, Zhejiang310003P.R. China
| | - Yinghui Zhu
- Research Center for Translational MedicineShanghai East HospitalSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghai200092P.R. China
- Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell ResearchShanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease ResearchTongji UniversityShanghai200092P.R. China
| | - Huafeng Wang
- Department of Hematologythe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou310003P. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Hematopoietic MalignancyZhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiangP. R. China
- Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Hematological DisordersHangzhouChina
- Zhejiang University Cancer CenterHangzhouZhejiangP. R. China
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12
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Bancet A, Frem R, Jeanneret F, Mularoni A, Bazelle P, Roelants C, Delcros JG, Guichou JF, Pillet C, Coste I, Renno T, Battail C, Cochet C, Lomberget T, Filhol O, Krimm I. Cancer selective cell death induction by a bivalent CK2 inhibitor targeting the ATP site and the allosteric αD pocket. iScience 2024; 27:108903. [PMID: 38318383 PMCID: PMC10838953 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Although the involvement of protein kinase CK2 in cancer is well-documented, there is a need for selective CK2 inhibitors suitable for investigating CK2 specific roles in cancer-related biological pathways and further exploring its therapeutic potential. Here, we report the discovery of AB668, an outstanding selective inhibitor that binds CK2 through a bivalent mode, interacting both at the ATP site and an allosteric αD pocket unique to CK2. Using caspase activation assay, live-cell imaging, and transcriptomic analysis, we have compared the effects of this bivalent inhibitor to representative ATP-competitive inhibitors, CX-4945, and SGC-CK2-1. Our results show that in contrast to CX-4945 or SGC-CK2-1, AB668, by targeting the CK2 αD pocket, has a distinct mechanism of action regarding its anti-cancer activity, inducing apoptotic cell death in several cancer cell lines and stimulating distinct biological pathways in renal cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Bancet
- University Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, Institut Convergence Plascan, Team « Small Molecules for Biological Targets », 69373 Lyon, France
- Kairos Discovery SAS, 36 Rue Jeanne d’Arc, 69003 Lyon, France
| | - Rita Frem
- University Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, Institut Convergence Plascan, Team « Targeting Non-canonical Protein Functions in Cancer », 69373 Lyon, France
| | - Florian Jeanneret
- Université Grenoble Alpes, IRIG, Laboratoire Biosciences et Bioingénierie pour la Santé, UA 13 INSERM-CEA-UGA, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Angélique Mularoni
- University Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, Institut Convergence Plascan, Team « Small Molecules for Biological Targets », 69373 Lyon, France
| | - Pauline Bazelle
- Université Grenoble Alpes, IRIG, Laboratoire Biosciences et Bioingénierie pour la Santé, UA 13 INSERM-CEA-UGA, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Caroline Roelants
- University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM 1292, CEA, UMR Biosanté, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Guy Delcros
- University Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, Institut Convergence Plascan, Team « Small Molecules for Biological Targets », 69373 Lyon, France
| | - Jean-François Guichou
- Centre de Biologie Structurale, CNRS, INSERM, University Montpellier, 34090 Montpellier, France
| | - Catherine Pillet
- University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM 1292, CEA, UMR Biosanté, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Isabelle Coste
- University Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, Institut Convergence Plascan, Team « Targeting Non-canonical Protein Functions in Cancer », 69373 Lyon, France
| | - Toufic Renno
- University Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, Institut Convergence Plascan, Team « Targeting Non-canonical Protein Functions in Cancer », 69373 Lyon, France
| | - Christophe Battail
- Université Grenoble Alpes, IRIG, Laboratoire Biosciences et Bioingénierie pour la Santé, UA 13 INSERM-CEA-UGA, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Claude Cochet
- University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM 1292, CEA, UMR Biosanté, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Thierry Lomberget
- University Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR 5246, Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires (ICBMS), COSSBA Team, Faculté de Pharmacie-ISPB, 8 Avenue Rockefeller, 69373 Lyon Cedex 08, France
| | - Odile Filhol
- University Grenoble Alpes, INSERM 1292, CEA, UMR Biosanté, 38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Isabelle Krimm
- University Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Centre de recherche en cancérologie de Lyon, Institut Convergence Plascan, Team « Small Molecules for Biological Targets », 69373 Lyon, France
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13
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Lopes LO, Cury SS, de Moraes D, Oliveira JS, de Oliveira G, Cabral-Marques O, Fernandez GJ, Hirata MH, Wang DZ, Dal-Pai-Silva M, Carvalho RF, Freire PP. The Impact of miR-155-5p on Myotube Differentiation: Elucidating Molecular Targets in Skeletal Muscle Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1777. [PMID: 38339055 PMCID: PMC10855706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are small regulatory molecules that control gene expression. An emerging property of muscle miRNAs is the cooperative regulation of transcriptional and epitranscriptional events controlling muscle phenotype. miR-155 has been related to muscular dystrophy and muscle cell atrophy. However, the function of miR-155 and its molecular targets in muscular dystrophies remain poorly understood. Through in silico and in vitro approaches, we identify distinct transcriptional profiles induced by miR-155-5p in muscle cells. The treated myotubes changed the expression of 359 genes (166 upregulated and 193 downregulated). We reanalyzed muscle transcriptomic data from dystrophin-deficient patients and detected overlap with gene expression patterns in miR-155-treated myotubes. Our analysis indicated that miR-155 regulates a set of transcripts, including Aldh1l, Nek2, Bub1b, Ramp3, Slc16a4, Plce1, Dync1i1, and Nr1h3. Enrichment analysis demonstrates 20 targets involved in metabolism, cell cycle regulation, muscle cell maintenance, and the immune system. Moreover, digital cytometry confirmed a significant increase in M2 macrophages, indicating miR-155's effects on immune response in dystrophic muscles. We highlight a critical miR-155 associated with disease-related pathways in skeletal muscle disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Oliveira Lopes
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; (L.O.L.); (S.S.C.); (D.d.M.); (J.S.O.); (G.d.O.); (G.J.F.); (M.D.-P.-S.)
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (O.C.-M.); (M.H.H.)
| | - Sarah Santiloni Cury
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; (L.O.L.); (S.S.C.); (D.d.M.); (J.S.O.); (G.d.O.); (G.J.F.); (M.D.-P.-S.)
| | - Diogo de Moraes
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; (L.O.L.); (S.S.C.); (D.d.M.); (J.S.O.); (G.d.O.); (G.J.F.); (M.D.-P.-S.)
| | - Jakeline Santos Oliveira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; (L.O.L.); (S.S.C.); (D.d.M.); (J.S.O.); (G.d.O.); (G.J.F.); (M.D.-P.-S.)
| | - Grasieli de Oliveira
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; (L.O.L.); (S.S.C.); (D.d.M.); (J.S.O.); (G.d.O.); (G.J.F.); (M.D.-P.-S.)
| | - Otavio Cabral-Marques
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (O.C.-M.); (M.H.H.)
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy, and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
- Department of Medicine, Division of Molecular Medicine, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo 05403-010, Brazil
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation 29, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo 05403-010, Brazil
- Interunit Postgraduate Program on Bioinformatics, Institute of Mathematics and Statistics (IME), University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-090, Brazil
| | - Geysson Javier Fernandez
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; (L.O.L.); (S.S.C.); (D.d.M.); (J.S.O.); (G.d.O.); (G.J.F.); (M.D.-P.-S.)
- College of Medicine, University of Antioquia, UdeA, Medellín 53-108, Colombia
| | - Mario Hiroyuki Hirata
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (O.C.-M.); (M.H.H.)
| | - Da-Zhi Wang
- Health Heart Institute, Center for Regenerative Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA;
| | - Maeli Dal-Pai-Silva
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; (L.O.L.); (S.S.C.); (D.d.M.); (J.S.O.); (G.d.O.); (G.J.F.); (M.D.-P.-S.)
| | - Robson Francisco Carvalho
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; (L.O.L.); (S.S.C.); (D.d.M.); (J.S.O.); (G.d.O.); (G.J.F.); (M.D.-P.-S.)
| | - Paula Paccielli Freire
- Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, Brazil; (L.O.L.); (S.S.C.); (D.d.M.); (J.S.O.); (G.d.O.); (G.J.F.); (M.D.-P.-S.)
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil; (O.C.-M.); (M.H.H.)
- Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-000, Brazil
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Kraszewska I, Sarad K, Andrysiak K, Kopacz A, Schmidt L, Krüger M, Dulak J, Jaźwa-Kusior A. Casein kinase 2 activity is a host restriction factor for AAV transduction. Mol Ther 2024; 32:84-102. [PMID: 37952087 PMCID: PMC10787142 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2023.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
So far, the mechanisms that impede AAV transduction, especially in the human heart, are poorly understood, hampering the introduction of new, effective gene therapy strategies. Therefore, the aim of this study was to identify and overcome the main cellular barriers to successful transduction in the heart, using induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs), iPSC-derived cardiac fibroblasts (iPSC-CFs), and primary endothelial cells to model vector-host interactions. Through phosphoproteome analysis we established that casein kinase 2 (CK2) signaling is one of the most significantly affected pathways upon AAV exposure. Transient inhibition of CK2 activity substantially enhanced the transduction rate of AAV2, AAV6, and AAV9 in all tested cell types. In particular, CK2 inhibition improved the trafficking of AAVs through the cytoplasm, impaired DNA damage response through destabilization of MRE11, and altered the RNA processing pathways, which were also highly responsive to AAV transduction. Also, it augmented transgene expression in already transduced iPSC-CFs, which retain AAV genomes in a functional, but probably silent form. In summary, the present study provides new insights into the current understanding of the host-AAV vector interaction, identifying CK2 activity as a key barrier to efficient transduction and transgene expression, which may translate to improving the outcome of AAV-based therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Kraszewska
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Sarad
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kalina Andrysiak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kopacz
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Luisa Schmidt
- CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Marcus Krüger
- CECAD Research Center, Institute for Genetics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Józef Dulak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Jaźwa-Kusior
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
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15
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de Oliveira Souza JE, Gomes SMR, Lima AKC, de Souza Brito AC, Da-Silva SAG, de Carvalho Santos Lopes AH, Silva-Neto MAC, Atella GC, Dutra PML. Influence of CK2 protein kinase activity on the interaction between Trypanosoma cruzi and its vertebrate and invertebrate hosts. Parasitol Res 2024; 123:80. [PMID: 38163833 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-023-08085-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Chagas disease, endemic from Latin America, is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and is transmitted by triatomine feces. This parasite undergoes complex morphological changes through its life cycle, promoted by significant changes in signal transduction pathways. The activity of protein kinase CK2 has been described in trypanosomatids. Using a specific peptide and radioactive ATP, we identified CK2 activity on the cellular surface and the cytoplasmic content in Trypanosoma cruzi, apart from the secreted form. Dephosphorylated casein promoted an increase of 48% in the secreted CK2 activity. Total extract of peritoneal macrophages from BALB/c and inactivated human serum promoted an increase of 67% and 36%, respectively, in this activity. The protein secreted by parasites was purified by HPLC and had shown compatibility with the catalytic subunit of mammalian CK2. Incubation of the parasites with CK2 inhibitors, added to the culture medium, prevented their growth. The opposite was observed when CK2 activators were used. Results of interaction between Trypanosoma cruzi and the gut of the vector have revealed that, in the presence of CK2 inhibitors, there is a reduction in the association rate. A similar inhibition profile was seen in the Trypanosoma cruzi-macrophages interaction, confirming the importance of this enzyme in the life cycle of this protozoan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Eliza de Oliveira Souza
- Discipline of Parasitology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (FCM), State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Shayane Martins Rodrigues Gomes
- Discipline of Parasitology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (FCM), State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Karina Castro Lima
- Discipline of Parasitology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (FCM), State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Andréia Carolinne de Souza Brito
- Discipline of Parasitology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (FCM), State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Silvia Amaral Gonçalves Da-Silva
- Discipline of Parasitology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (FCM), State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Geórgia Correa Atella
- Institute of Medical Biochemistry Leopoldo de Meis, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Patricia Maria Lourenço Dutra
- Discipline of Parasitology, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology (FCM), State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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16
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Homma MK, Nakato R, Niida A, Bando M, Fujiki K, Yokota N, Yamamoto S, Shibata T, Takagi M, Yamaki J, Kozuka-Hata H, Oyama M, Shirahige K, Homma Y. Cell cycle-dependent gene networks for cell proliferation activated by nuclear CK2α complexes. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302077. [PMID: 37907238 PMCID: PMC10618106 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Nuclear expression of protein kinase CK2α is reportedly elevated in human carcinomas, but mechanisms underlying its variable localization in cells are poorly understood. This study demonstrates a functional connection between nuclear CK2 and gene expression in relation to cell proliferation. Growth stimulation of quiescent human normal fibroblasts and phospho-proteomic analysis identified a pool of CK2α that is highly phosphorylated at serine 7. Phosphorylated CK2α translocates into the nucleus, and this phosphorylation appears essential for nuclear localization and catalytic activity. Protein signatures associated with nuclear CK2 complexes reveal enrichment of apparently unique transcription factors and chromatin remodelers during progression through the G1 phase of the cell cycle. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-sequencing profiling demonstrated recruitment of CK2α to active gene loci, more abundantly in late G1 phase than in early G1, notably at transcriptional start sites of core histone genes, growth stimulus-associated genes, and ribosomal RNAs. Our findings reveal that nuclear CK2α complexes may be essential to facilitate progression of the cell cycle, by activating histone genes and triggering ribosomal biogenesis, specified in association with nuclear and nucleolar transcriptional regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miwako Kato Homma
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Nakato
- Laboratory of Computational Genomics, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Niida
- Human Genome Center, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato, Japan
| | - Masashige Bando
- Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Katsunori Fujiki
- Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - Naoko Yokota
- Laboratory of Computational Genomics, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Japan
| | - So Yamamoto
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | | | - Motoki Takagi
- Translational Research Center, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Junko Yamaki
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroko Kozuka-Hata
- Medical Proteomics Laboratory, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato, Japan
| | - Masaaki Oyama
- Medical Proteomics Laboratory, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Shirahige
- Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Japan
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Biomedicum, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yoshimi Homma
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
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17
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Medley JC, Yim RN, DiPanni J, Sebou B, Shaffou B, Cramer E, Wu C, Kabara M, Song MH. Site-specific phosphorylation of ZYG-1 regulates ZYG-1 stability and centrosome number. iScience 2023; 26:108410. [PMID: 38034351 PMCID: PMC10687292 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Spindle bipolarity is critical for genomic integrity. As centrosome number often dictates bipolarity, tight control of centrosome assembly is vital for faithful cell division. The master centrosome regulator ZYG-1/Plk4 plays a pivotal role in this process. In C. elegans, casein kinase II (CK2) negatively regulates centrosome duplication by controlling centrosome-associated ZYG-1 levels. Here, we investigated CK2 as a regulator of ZYG-1 and its impact on centrosome assembly. We show that CK2 phosphorylates ZYG-1 in vitro and physically interacts with ZYG-1 in vivo. Depleting CK2 or blocking ZYG-1 phosphorylation at CK2 target sites leads to centrosome amplification. Non-phosphorylatable ZYG-1 mutants exhibit elevated ZYG-1 levels, leading to increased ZYG-1 and downstream factors at centrosomes, thus driving centrosome amplification. Moreover, inhibiting the 26S proteasome prevents degradation of the phospho-mimetic ZYG-1. Our findings suggest that CK2-dependent phosphorylation of ZYG-1 controls ZYG-1 levels via proteasomal degradation to limit centrosome number.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey C. Medley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Rachel N. Yim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Joseph DiPanni
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Brandon Sebou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Blake Shaffou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Evan Cramer
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Colin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
| | - Megan Kabara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Office of Graduate Medical Education, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Mi Hye Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, Rochester, MI, USA
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18
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Montenarh M, Götz C. Protein Kinase CK2α', More than a Backup of CK2α. Cells 2023; 12:2834. [PMID: 38132153 PMCID: PMC10741536 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The serine/threonine protein kinase CK2 is implicated in the regulation of fundamental processes in eukaryotic cells. CK2 consists of two catalytic α or α' isoforms and two regulatory CK2β subunits. These three proteins exist in a free form, bound to other cellular proteins, as tetrameric holoenzymes composed of CK2α2/β2, CK2αα'/β2, or CK2α'2/β2 as well as in higher molecular forms of the tetramers. The catalytic domains of CK2α and CK2α' share a 90% identity. As CK2α contains a unique C-terminal sequence. Both proteins function as protein kinases. These properties raised the question of whether both isoforms are just backups of each other or whether they are regulated differently and may then function in an isoform-specific manner. The present review provides observations that the regulation of both CK2α isoforms is partly different concerning the subcellular localization, post-translational modifications, and aggregation. Up to now, there are only a few isoform-specific cellular binding partners. The expression of both CK2α isoforms seems to vary in different cell lines, in tissues, in the cell cycle, and with differentiation. There are different reports about the expression and the functions of the CK2α isoforms in tumor cells and tissues. In many cases, a cell-type-specific expression and function is known, which raises the question about cell-specific regulators of both isoforms. Another future challenge is the identification or design of CK2α'-specific inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Montenarh
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University, Building 44, 66421 Homburg, Germany;
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19
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Gou Q, Chen H, Chen M, Shi J, Jin J, Liu Q, Hou Y. Inhibition of CK2/ING4 Pathway Facilitates Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Immunotherapy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2304068. [PMID: 37870169 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202304068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Immune cells can protect against tumor progression by killing cancer cells, while aberrant expression of the immune checkpoint protein PD-L1 (programmed death ligand 1) in cancer cells facilitates tumor immune escape and inhibits anti-tumor immunotherapy. As a serine/threonine kinase, CK2 (casein kinase 2) regulates tumor progression by multiple pathways, while it is still unclear the effect of CK2 on tumor immune escape. Here it is found that ING4 induced PD-L1 autophagic degradation and inhibites non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) immune escape by increasing T cell activity. However, clinical analysis suggests that high expression of CK2 correlates with low ING4 protein level in NSCLC. Further analysis shows that CK2 induce ING4-S150 phosphorylation leading to ING4 ubiquitination and degradation by JFK ubiquitin ligase. In contrast, CK2 gene knockout increases ING4 protein stability and T cell activity, subsequently, inhibites NSCLC immune escape. Furthermore, the combined CK2 inhibitor with PD-1 antibody effectively enhances antitumor immunotherapy. These findings provide a novel strategy for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Gou
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Wujin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213017, P. R. China
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, P. R. China
- School of medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Huiqing Chen
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Mingjun Chen
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Juanjuan Shi
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Jin
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Wujin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213017, P. R. China
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Oncology, the Affiliated Wujin Hospital of Jiangsu University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213017, P. R. China
- Changzhou Key Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics and Precision Cancer Medicine of Wujin People's Hospital (the Wujin Clinical College of Xuzhou Medical University), changzhou, Jiangsu, 213017, P. R. China
| | - Yongzhong Hou
- School of Life Science, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, P. R. China
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20
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Jacobsen NL, Bloch M, Millard PS, Ruidiaz SF, Elsborg JD, Boomsma W, Hendus‐Altenburger R, Hartmann‐Petersen R, Kragelund BB. Phosphorylation of Schizosaccharomyces pombe Dss1 mediates direct binding to the ubiquitin-ligase Dma1 in vitro. Protein Sci 2023; 32:e4733. [PMID: 37463013 PMCID: PMC10443397 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) are often multifunctional and frequently posttranslationally modified. Deleted in split hand/split foot 1 (Dss1-Sem1 in budding yeast) is a highly multifunctional IDP associated with a range of protein complexes. However, it remains unknown if the different functions relate to different modified states. In this work, we show that Schizosaccharomyces pombe Dss1 is a substrate for casein kinase 2 in vitro, and we identify three phosphorylated threonines in its linker region separating two known disordered ubiquitin-binding motifs. Phosphorylations of the threonines had no effect on ubiquitin-binding but caused a slight destabilization of the C-terminal α-helix and mediated a direct interaction with the forkhead-associated (FHA) domain of the RING-FHA E3-ubiquitin ligase defective in mitosis 1 (Dma1). The phosphorylation sites are not conserved and are absent in human Dss1. Sequence analyses revealed that the Txx(E/D) motif, which is important for phosphorylation and Dma1 binding, is not linked to certain branches of the evolutionary tree. Instead, we find that the motif appears randomly, supporting the mechanism of ex nihilo evolution of novel motifs. In support of this, other threonine-based motifs, although frequent, are nonconserved in the linker, pointing to additional functions connected to this region. We suggest that Dss1 acts as an adaptor protein that docks to Dma1 via the phosphorylated FHA-binding motifs, while the C-terminal α-helix is free to bind mitotic septins, thereby stabilizing the complex. The presence of Txx(D/E) motifs in the disordered regions of certain septin subunits may be of further relevance to the formation and stabilization of these complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina L. Jacobsen
- Structural Biology and NMR LaboratoryUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen NDenmark
- REPINUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen NDenmark
- The Linderstrøm Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of BiologyUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen NDenmark
| | - Magnus Bloch
- Structural Biology and NMR LaboratoryUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen NDenmark
| | - Peter S. Millard
- REPINUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen NDenmark
- The Linderstrøm Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of BiologyUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen NDenmark
| | - Sarah F. Ruidiaz
- Structural Biology and NMR LaboratoryUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen NDenmark
- REPINUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen NDenmark
| | - Jonas D. Elsborg
- Structural Biology and NMR LaboratoryUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen NDenmark
| | - Wouter Boomsma
- Department of Computer ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen ØDenmark
| | | | - Rasmus Hartmann‐Petersen
- REPINUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen NDenmark
- The Linderstrøm Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of BiologyUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen NDenmark
| | - Birthe B. Kragelund
- Structural Biology and NMR LaboratoryUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen NDenmark
- REPINUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen NDenmark
- The Linderstrøm Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of BiologyUniversity of CopenhagenCopenhagen NDenmark
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21
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Ren X, Feng C, Wang Y, Chen P, Wang S, Wang J, Cao H, Li Y, Ji M, Hou P. SLC39A10 promotes malignant phenotypes of gastric cancer cells by activating the CK2-mediated MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1757-1769. [PMID: 37524874 PMCID: PMC10474099 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01062-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Solute carrier family 39 member 10 (SLC39A10) belongs to a subfamily of zinc transporters and plays a key role in B-cell development. Previous studies have reported that its upregulation promotes breast cancer metastasis by enhancing the influx of zinc ions (Zn2+); however, its role in gastric cancer remains totally unclear. Here, we found that SLC39A10 expression was frequently increased in gastric adenocarcinomas and that SLC39A10 upregulation was strongly associated with poor patient outcomes; in addition, we identified SLC39A10 as a direct target of c-Myc. Functional studies showed that ectopic expression of SLC39A10 in gastric cancer cells dramatically enhanced the proliferation, colony formation, invasiveness abilities of these gastric cancer cells and tumorigenic potential in nude mice. Conversely, SLC39A10 knockdown inhibited gastric cancer cell proliferation and colony formation. Mechanistically, SLC39A10 exerted its carcinogenic effects by increasing Zn2+ availability and subsequently enhancing the enzyme activity of CK2 (casein kinase 2). As a result, the MAPK/ERK and PI3K/AKT pathways, two major downstream effectors of CK2, were activated, while c-Myc, a downstream target of these two pathways, formed a vicious feedback loop with SLC39A10 to drive the malignant progression of gastric cancer. Taken together, our data demonstrate that SLC39A10 is a functional oncogene in gastric cancer and suggest that targeting CK2 is an alternative therapeutic strategy for gastric cancer patients with high SLC39A10 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Ren
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P. R. China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Chao Feng
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Yubo Wang
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Pu Chen
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Simeng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Jianling Wang
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P. R. China
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Hongxin Cao
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P. R. China
| | - Yujun Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710004, Xi'an, P. R. China.
| | - Meiju Ji
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P. R. China.
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P. R. China.
| | - Peng Hou
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P. R. China.
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710061, Xi'an, P. R. China.
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22
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Yang B, Zhang J, Wang J, Fan W, Barbier-Torres L, Yang X, Justo MAR, Liu T, Chen Y, Steggerda J, Ramani K, Lu SC, Yang H. CSNK2A1-mediated MAX phosphorylation upregulates HMGB1 and IL-6 expression in cholangiocarcinoma progression. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:e00144. [PMID: 37347224 PMCID: PMC10289747 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We established a novel diethylnitrosamine (DEN) -induced mouse model that reflected the progression of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) from atypical cystic hyperplasia. METHODS BALB/c mice were administered DEN by oral gavage. Cells isolated from livers were analyzed for expression of CSNK2A1, MAX and MAX-interacting proteins. Human CCA cell lines (MzChA-1, HuCCT1), normal human cholangiocyte (H69), human hepatic stellate cells (LX-2), macrophages (RAW 264.7), and primary hepatic cells were used for cellular and molecular biology assays. RESULTS Expression of MAX, CSNK2A1, C-MYC, β-catenin, HMGB1, and IL-6 was upregulated in hepatic cells from CCA liver tissue. The half-life of MAX is higher in CCA cells, and this favors their proliferation. Overexpression of MAX increased growth, migration, and invasion of MzChA-1, whereas silencing of MAX had the opposite effect. MAX positively regulated IL-6 and HMGB1 through paracrine signaling in HepG2, LX2, and RAW cells and autocrine signaling in MzChA-1 cells. CSNK2A1-mediated MAX phosphorylation shifts MAX-MAX homodimer to C-MYC-MAX and β-catenin-MAX heterodimers and increases the HMGB1 and IL-6 promoter activities. Increase of MAX phosphorylation promotes cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and cholangiocarcinogenesis. The casein kinase 2 inhibitor CX-4945 induces cell cycle arrest and inhibits cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and carcinogenesis in MzChA-1 cells through the downregulation of CSNK2A1, MAX, and MAX-interaction proteins. CONCLUSION C-MYC-MAX and β-catenin-MAX binding to E-box site or β-catenin-MAX bound to TCFs/LEF1 enhanced HMGB1 or IL-6 promoter activities, respectively. IL-6 and HMGB1 secreted by hepatocytes, HSCs, and KCs exert paracrine effects on cholangiocytes to promote cell growth, migration, and invasion and lead to the progression of cholangiocarcinogenesis. CX-4945 provides perspectives on therapeutic strategies to attenuate progression from atypical cystic hyperplasia to cholangiocarcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yang
- Department of Medicine, Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention and Clinical Research Center for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
- Department of Oncology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiaohong Wang
- Department of Medicine, Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Wei Fan
- Department of Medicine, Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lucía Barbier-Torres
- Department of Medicine, Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Geriatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases Control and Prevention and Clinical Research Center for Cardio-Cerebrovascular Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Monica Anne R. Justo
- Department of General Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ting Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics of Chinese Ministry of Health, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yongheng Chen
- Department of Oncology, NHC Key Laboratory of Cancer Proteomics & Laboratory of Structural Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Justin Steggerda
- Department of General Surgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Komal Ramani
- Department of Medicine, Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Shelly C. Lu
- Department of Medicine, Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Heping Yang
- Department of Medicine, Karsh Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
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23
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Zhou W, Li W, Wang S, Salovska B, Hu Z, Tao B, Di Y, Punyamurtula U, Turk BE, Sessa WC, Liu Y. An optogenetic-phosphoproteomic study reveals dynamic Akt1 signaling profiles in endothelial cells. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3803. [PMID: 37365174 PMCID: PMC10293293 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39514-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The serine/threonine kinase AKT is a central node in cell signaling. While aberrant AKT activation underlies the development of a variety of human diseases, how different patterns of AKT-dependent phosphorylation dictate downstream signaling and phenotypic outcomes remains largely enigmatic. Herein, we perform a systems-level analysis that integrates methodological advances in optogenetics, mass spectrometry-based phosphoproteomics, and bioinformatics to elucidate how different intensity, duration, and pattern of Akt1 stimulation lead to distinct temporal phosphorylation profiles in vascular endothelial cells. Through the analysis of ~35,000 phosphorylation sites across multiple conditions precisely controlled by light stimulation, we identify a series of signaling circuits activated downstream of Akt1 and interrogate how Akt1 signaling integrates with growth factor signaling in endothelial cells. Furthermore, our results categorize kinase substrates that are preferably activated by oscillating, transient, and sustained Akt1 signals. We validate a list of phosphorylation sites that covaried with Akt1 phosphorylation across experimental conditions as potential Akt1 substrates. Our resulting dataset provides a rich resource for future studies on AKT signaling and dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenping Zhou
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06511, USA
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Wenxue Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Shisheng Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, and Proteomics-Metabolomics Analysis Platform, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Barbora Salovska
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Zhenyi Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Bo Tao
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
| | - Yi Di
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
- Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA
| | - Ujwal Punyamurtula
- Master of Biotechnology ScM Program, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Benjamin E Turk
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - William C Sessa
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
- Vascular Biology & Therapeutics Program, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
| | - Yansheng Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA.
- Cancer Biology Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, 06516, USA.
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24
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Xue Y, Mei H, Chen Y, Griffin JD, Liu Q, Weisberg E, Yang J. Repurposing clinically available drugs and therapies for pathogenic targets to combat SARS-CoV-2. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e254. [PMID: 37193304 PMCID: PMC10183156 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has affected a large portion of the global population, both physically and mentally. Current evidence suggests that the rapidly evolving coronavirus subvariants risk rendering vaccines and antibodies ineffective due to their potential to evade existing immunity, with enhanced transmission activity and higher reinfection rates that could lead to new outbreaks across the globe. The goal of viral management is to disrupt the viral life cycle as well as to relieve severe symptoms such as lung damage, cytokine storm, and organ failure. In the fight against viruses, the combination of viral genome sequencing, elucidation of the structure of viral proteins, and identifying proteins that are highly conserved across multiple coronaviruses has revealed many potential molecular targets. In addition, the time- and cost-effective repurposing of preexisting antiviral drugs or approved/clinical drugs for these targets offers considerable clinical advantages for COVID-19 patients. This review provides a comprehensive overview of various identified pathogenic targets and pathways as well as corresponding repurposed approved/clinical drugs and their potential against COVID-19. These findings provide new insight into the discovery of novel therapeutic strategies that could be applied to the control of disease symptoms emanating from evolving SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiying Xue
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Husheng Mei
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiChina
- University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhuiChina
| | - Yisa Chen
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - James D. Griffin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana‐Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Qingsong Liu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiChina
- University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefeiAnhuiChina
- Hefei Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiChina
| | - Ellen Weisberg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana‐Farber Cancer InstituteBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Medical Physics and Technology, Institute of Health and Medical Technology, Hefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefeiChina
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25
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Medley JC, Yim N, DiPanni J, Sebou B, Shaffou B, Cramer E, Wu C, Kabara M, Song MH. Site-Specific Phosphorylation of ZYG-1 Regulates ZYG-1 Stability and Centrosome Number. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.05.07.539463. [PMID: 37333374 PMCID: PMC10274923 DOI: 10.1101/2023.05.07.539463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Spindle bipolarity is critical for genomic integrity. Given that centrosome number often dictates mitotic bipolarity, tight control of centrosome assembly is vital for the fidelity of cell division. The kinase ZYG-1/Plk4 is a master centrosome factor that is integral for controlling centrosome number and is modulated by protein phosphorylation. While autophosphorylation of Plk4 has been extensively studied in other systems, the mechanism of ZYG-1 phosphorylation in C. elegans remains largely unexplored. In C. elegans, Casein Kinase II (CK2) negatively regulates centrosome duplication by controlling centrosome-associated ZYG-1 levels. In this study, we investigated ZYG-1 as a potential substrate of CK2 and the functional impact of ZYG-1 phosphorylation on centrosome assembly. First, we show that CK2 directly phosphorylates ZYG-1 in vitro and physically interacts with ZYG-1 in vivo. Intriguingly, depleting CK2 or blocking ZYG-1 phosphorylation at putative CK2 target sites leads to centrosome amplification. In the non-phosphorylatable (NP)-ZYG-1 mutant embryo, the overall levels of ZYG-1 are elevated, leading to an increase in centrosomal ZYG-1 and downstream factors, providing a possible mechanism of the NP-ZYG-1 mutation to drive centrosome amplification. Moreover, inhibiting the 26S proteasome blocks degradation of the phospho-mimetic (PM)-ZYG-1, while the NP-ZYG-1 mutant shows partial resistance to proteasomal degradation. Our findings suggest that site-specific phosphorylation of ZYG-1, partly mediated by CK2, controls ZYG-1 levels via proteasomal degradation, limiting centrosome number. We provide a mechanism linking CK2 kinase activity to centrosome duplication through direct phosphorylation of ZYG-1, which is critical for the integrity of centrosome number.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nahyun Yim
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, MI, USA
| | - Joseph DiPanni
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, MI, USA
| | - Brandon Sebou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, MI, USA
| | - Blake Shaffou
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, MI, USA
| | - Evan Cramer
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, MI, USA
| | - Colin Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Oakland University, MI, USA
| | - Megan Kabara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, MI, USA
- University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Office of Graduate Medical Education, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Mi Hye Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, Oakland University, MI, USA
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26
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Bogush D, Schramm J, Ding Y, He B, Singh C, Sharma A, Tukaramrao DB, Iyer S, Desai D, Nalesnik G, Hengst J, Bhalodia R, Gowda C, Dovat S. Signaling pathways and regulation of gene expression in hematopoietic cells. Adv Biol Regul 2023; 88:100942. [PMID: 36621151 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2022.100942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cellular functions are regulated by signal transduction pathway networks consisting of protein-modifying enzymes that control the activity of many downstream proteins. Protein kinases and phosphatases regulate gene expression by reversible phosphorylation of transcriptional factors, which are their direct substrates. Casein kinase II (CK2) is a serine/threonine kinase that phosphorylates a large number of proteins that have critical roles in cellular proliferation, metabolism and survival. Altered function of CK2 has been associated with malignant transformation, immunological disorders and other types of diseases. Protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) is a serine/threonine phosphatase, which regulates the phosphorylation status of many proteins that are essential for cellular functions. IKAROS is a DNA-binding protein, which functions as a regulator of gene transcription in hematopoietic cells. CK2 directly phosphorylates IKAROS at multiple phosphosites which determines IKAROS activity as a regulator of gene expression. PP1 binds to IKAROS via the PP1-consensus recognition site and dephosphorylates serine/threonine residues that are phosphorylated by CK2. Thus, the interplay between CK2 and PP1 signaling pathways have opposing effects on the phosphorylation status of their mutual substrate - IKAROS. This review summarizes the effects of CK2 and PP1 on IKAROS role in regulation of gene expression and its function as a tumor suppressor in leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bogush
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 1703, USA
| | - Joseph Schramm
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 1703, USA
| | - Yali Ding
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 1703, USA
| | - Bing He
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 1703, USA
| | - Chingakham Singh
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 1703, USA
| | - Arati Sharma
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 1703, USA
| | | | - Soumya Iyer
- University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Dhimant Desai
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 1703, USA
| | - Gregory Nalesnik
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 1703, USA
| | - Jeremy Hengst
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 1703, USA
| | - Riya Bhalodia
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 1703, USA
| | - Chandrika Gowda
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 1703, USA.
| | - Sinisa Dovat
- Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, 1703, USA.
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27
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Xie Q, Kasahara K, Higo J, Takahashi T. Molecular Mechanisms of Functional Modulation of Transcriptional Coactivator PC4 via Phosphorylation on Its Intrinsically Disordered Region. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:14572-14582. [PMID: 37125110 PMCID: PMC10134458 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of phosphorylation on the function of the human positive cofactor 4 (PC4), an enhanced molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was performed. The simulation system consists of the N-terminal intrinsic disordered region (IDR) of PC4 and a complex that comprises the C-terminal acidic activation domain of a herpes simplex virion protein 16 (VP16ad) and a homodimer of the C-terminal structured core domain of PC4 (PC4ctd). An earlier report of an experimental study reported that the PC4-VP16ad interaction is modulated by incremental phosphorylation of the IDR. That report also proposed a dynamic model where phosphorylated serine residues of a segment (SEAC) in the IDR contact positively charged residues (lysin and arginine) of another segment (K-rich) in the IDR. This contact formation induced by the phosphorylation results in variation of PC4-VP16ad interaction. However, this contact formation has not yet been measured directly because it is transiently formed and because the SEAC and K-rich segments are unstructured with high flexibility. We performed two simulations to mimic the incremental phosphorylation: the IDR was not phosphorylated in one simulation and only partially phosphorylated in the other. Our simulation results indicate that the phosphorylation weakens the IDR-VP16ad contact considerably with the induction of a compact structure in the IDR. This structure was stabilized by electrostatic interactions between the phosphorylated serine residues of a segment and lysine or arginine residues of another segment in the IDR, but the conformational fluctuation of this compact structure was considerably large. Consequently, the present study supports the experimentally proposed dynamic model. Results of this study can be important for computational elucidation of the functional modulation of PC4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilin Xie
- Graduate
School of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Kota Kasahara
- College
of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Junichi Higo
- Graduate
School of Information Science, University
of Hyogo, 7-1-28 minatojima
Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
- Research
Organization of Science and Technology, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
| | - Takuya Takahashi
- College
of Life Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga 525-8577, Japan
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28
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Davis-Gilbert Z, Krämer A, Dunford JE, Howell S, Senbabaoglu F, Wells CI, Bashore FM, Havener TM, Smith JL, Hossain MA, Oppermann U, Drewry DH, Axtman AD. Discovery of a Potent and Selective Naphthyridine-Based Chemical Probe for Casein Kinase 2. ACS Med Chem Lett 2023; 14:432-441. [PMID: 37077385 PMCID: PMC10108397 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Naphthyridine-based inhibitors were synthesized to yield a potent and cell-active inhibitor of casein kinase 2 (CK2). Compound 2 selectively inhibits CK2α and CK2α' when profiled broadly, thereby making it an exquisitely selective chemical probe for CK2. A negative control that is structurally related but lacks a key hinge-binding nitrogen (7) was designed on the basis of structural studies. Compound 7 does not bind CK2α or CK2α' in cells and demonstrates excellent kinome-wide selectivity. Differential anticancer activity was observed when compound 2 was profiled alongside a structurally distinct CK2 chemical probe: SGC-CK2-1. This naphthyridine-based chemical probe (2) represents one of the best available small molecule tools with which to interrogate biology mediated by CK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary
W. Davis-Gilbert
- Structural
Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Andreas Krämer
- Institute
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University
Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strabe 9, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
- Structural
Genomics Consortium, Buchmann Institute for Life Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Strabe 15, Frankfurt 60438, Germany
- Frankfurt
Cancer Institute, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße
42-44, Frankfurt 60596, Germany
| | - James E. Dunford
- Botnar
Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology
and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, United Kingdom
| | - Stefanie Howell
- Structural
Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Filiz Senbabaoglu
- Botnar
Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology
and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, United Kingdom
| | - Carrow I. Wells
- Structural
Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Frances M. Bashore
- Structural
Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Tammy M. Havener
- Structural
Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Jeffery L. Smith
- Structural
Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Mohammad A. Hossain
- Structural
Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Udo Oppermann
- Botnar
Research Centre, Nuffield Department of Orthopaedics, Rheumatology
and Musculoskeletal Sciences, University
of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, United Kingdom
- Oxford
Translational
Myeloma Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7LD, United Kingdom
| | - David H. Drewry
- Structural
Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
- UNC
Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Alison D. Axtman
- Structural
Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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29
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Nickelsen A, Götz C, Lenz F, Niefind K, König S, Jose J. Analyzing the interactome of human CK2β in prostate carcinoma cells reveals HSP70-1 and Rho guanin nucleotide exchange factor 12 as novel interaction partners. FASEB Bioadv 2023; 5:114-130. [PMID: 36876296 PMCID: PMC9983076 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2022-00098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
CK2β is the non-catalytic modulating part of the S/T-protein kinase CK2. However, the overall function of CK2β is poorly understood. Here, we report on the identification of 38 new interaction partners of the human CK2β from lysates of DU145 prostate cancer cells using photo-crosslinking and mass spectrometry, whereby HSP70-1 was identified with high abundance. The KD value of its interaction with CK2β was determined as 0.57 μM by microscale thermophoresis, this being the first time, to our knowledge, that a KD value of CK2β with another protein than CK2α or CK2α' was quantified. Phosphorylation studies excluded HSP70-1 as a substrate or activity modulator of CK2, suggesting a CK2 activity independent interaction of HSP70-1 with CK2β. Co-immunoprecipitation experiments in three different cancer cell lines confirmed the interaction of HSP70-1 with CK2β in vivo. A second identified CK2β interaction partner was Rho guanin nucleotide exchange factor 12, indicating an involvement of CK2β in the Rho-GTPase signal pathway, described here for the first time to our knowledge. This points to a role of CK2β in the interaction network affecting the organization of the cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Nickelsen
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry University of Münster Münster Germany
| | - Claudia Götz
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Saarland University Homburg Germany
| | - Florian Lenz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry University of Münster Münster Germany
| | - Karsten Niefind
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry University of Cologne Köln Germany
| | - Simone König
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, Core Unit Proteomics, Medical Faculty University of Münster Münster Germany
| | - Joachim Jose
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry University of Münster Münster Germany
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30
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Chen Y, Wang Y, Wang J, Zhou Z, Cao S, Zhang J. Strategies of Targeting CK2 in Drug Discovery: Challenges, Opportunities, and Emerging Prospects. J Med Chem 2023; 66:2257-2281. [PMID: 36745746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c01523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
CK2 (casein kinase 2) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that is ubiquitous in eukaryotic cells and plays important roles in a variety of cellular functions, including cell growth, apoptosis, circadian rhythms, DNA damage repair, transcription, and translation. CK2 is involved in cancer pathogenesis and the occurrence of many diseases. Therefore, targeting CK2 is a promising therapeutic strategy. Although many CK2-specific small-molecule inhibitors have been developed, only CX-4945 has progressed to clinical trials. In recent years, novel CK2 inhibitors have gradually become a research hotspot, which is expected to overcome the limitations of traditional inhibitors. Herein, we summarize the structure, biological functions, and disease relevance of CK2 and emphatically analyze the structure-activity relationship (SAR) and binding modes of small-molecule CK2 inhibitors. We also discuss the latest progress of novel strategies, providing insights into new drugs targeting CK2 for clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Chen
- Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, United States
| | - Zhilan Zhou
- Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Shu Cao
- West China School of Stomatology Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610064, China
| | - Jifa Zhang
- Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.,Tianfu Jincheng Laboratory, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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31
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Thermal Titration Molecular Dynamics (TTMD): Not Your Usual Post-Docking Refinement. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043596. [PMID: 36835004 PMCID: PMC9968212 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular docking is one of the most widely used computational approaches in the field of rational drug design, thanks to its favorable balance between the rapidity of execution and the accuracy of provided results. Although very efficient in exploring the conformational degrees of freedom available to the ligand, docking programs can sometimes suffer from inaccurate scoring and ranking of generated poses. To address this issue, several post-docking filters and refinement protocols have been proposed throughout the years, including pharmacophore models and molecular dynamics simulations. In this work, we present the first application of Thermal Titration Molecular Dynamics (TTMD), a recently developed method for the qualitative estimation of protein-ligand unbinding kinetics, to the refinement of docking results. TTMD evaluates the conservation of the native binding mode throughout a series of molecular dynamics simulations performed at progressively increasing temperatures with a scoring function based on protein-ligand interaction fingerprints. The protocol was successfully applied to retrieve the native-like binding pose among a set of decoy poses of drug-like ligands generated on four different pharmaceutically relevant biological targets, including casein kinase 1δ, casein kinase 2, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2, and SARS-CoV-2 main protease.
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Differential plasma protein expression after ingestion of essential amino acid-based dietary supplement verses whey protein in low physical functioning older adults. GeroScience 2023:10.1007/s11357-023-00725-5. [PMID: 36720768 PMCID: PMC10400527 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00725-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In a recent randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we were able to demonstrate the superiority of a dietary supplement composed of essential amino acids (EAAs) over whey protein, in older adults with low physical function. In this paper, we describe the comparative plasma protein expression in the same subject groups of EAAs vs whey. The plasma proteomics data was generated using SOMA scan assay. A total of twenty proteins were found to be differentially expressed in both groups with a 1.5-fold change. Notably, five proteins showed a significantly higher fold change expression in the EAA group which included adenylate kinase isoenzyme 1, casein kinase II 2-alpha, Nascent polypeptide-associated complex subunit alpha, peroxiredoxin-1, and peroxiredoxin-6. These five proteins might have played a significant role in providing energy for the improved cardiac and muscle strength of older adults with LPF. On the other hand, fifteen proteins showed slightly lower fold change expression in the EAA group. Some of these 15 proteins regulate metabolism and were found to be associated with inflammation or other comorbidities. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed the association of these proteins with several biological processes. Furthermore, protein-protein interaction network analysis also showed distinct networks between upregulated and downregulated proteins. In conclusion, the important biological roles of the upregulated proteins plus better physical function of participants in the EAAs vs whey group demonstrated that EAAs have the potential to improve muscle strength and physical function in older adults. This study was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03424265 "Nutritional interventions in heart failure."
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Lagunas-Gomez D, Yañez-Dominguez C, Zavala-Padilla G, Barlowe C, Pantoja O. The C-terminus of the cargo receptor Erv14 affects COPII vesicle formation and cargo delivery. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:286926. [PMID: 36651113 PMCID: PMC10022740 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.260527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the start site of the secretory pathway, where newly synthesized secreted and membrane proteins are packaged into COPII vesicles through direct interaction with the COPII coat or aided by specific cargo receptors. Little is known about how post-translational modification events regulate packaging of cargo into COPII vesicles. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein Erv14, also known as cornichon, belongs to a conserved family of cargo receptors required for the selection and ER export of transmembrane proteins. In this work, we show the importance of a phosphorylation consensus site (S134) at the C-terminus of Erv14. Mimicking phosphorylation of S134 (S134D) prevents the incorporation of Erv14 into COPII vesicles, delays cell growth, exacerbates growth of sec mutants, modifies ER structure and affects localization of several plasma membrane transporters. In contrast, the dephosphorylated mimic (S134A) had less deleterious effects, but still modifies ER structure and slows cell growth. Our results suggest that a possible cycle of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation is important for the correct functioning of Erv14.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Lagunas-Gomez
- Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Col. Chamilpa, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico.,Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, México
| | - Carolina Yañez-Dominguez
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, México
| | - Guadalupe Zavala-Padilla
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, México
| | - Charles Barlowe
- Department of Biochemistry, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH 03755-3844, USA
| | - Omar Pantoja
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. Universidad 2001, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, México
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Borgo C, Cesaro L, Hirota T, Kuwata K, D'Amore C, Ruppert T, Blatnik R, Salvi M, Pinna LA. Analysis of the phosphoproteome of CK2 α(-/-)/Δ α' C2C12 myoblasts compared to the wild-type cells. Open Biol 2023; 13:220220. [PMID: 36809799 PMCID: PMC9943641 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.220220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
CK2 is a Ser/Thr protein kinase composed of two catalytic (α/α') subunits and a non-catalytic β-subunit dimer, whose activity is often abnormally high in cancer cells. The concept that CK2 may be dispensable for cell survival has been challenged by the finding that viable CK2α/α' knock-out myoblast clones still express small amounts of an N-terminally deleted α' subunit generated during the CRISPR/Cas9 procedure. Here we show that, although the overall CK2 activity of these CK2α(-/-)/Δα' (KO) cells is less than 10% compared to wild-type (WT) cells, the number of phosphosites with the CK2 consensus is comparable to that of WT cells. A more in-depth analysis, however, reveals that the two phosphoproteomes are not superimposable according to a number of criteria, notably a functional analysis of the phosphoproteome found in the two types of cells, and variable sensitivity of the phosphosites to two structurally unrelated CK2 inhibitors. These data support the idea that a minimal CK2 activity, as in KO cells, is sufficient to perform basic housekeeping functions essential for cell survival, but not to accomplish several specialized tasks required upon cell differentiation and transformation. From this standpoint, a controlled downregulation of CK2 would represent a safe and valuable anti-cancer strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Borgo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35122, Italy
| | - Luca Cesaro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35122, Italy
| | - Tsuyoshi Hirota
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Keiko Kuwata
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Claudio D'Amore
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35122, Italy
| | - Thomas Ruppert
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Renata Blatnik
- Zentrum für Molekulare Biologie der Universität Heidelberg (ZMBH), DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mauro Salvi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35122, Italy
| | - Lorenzo A. Pinna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova 35122, Italy,CNR Institute of Neurosciences, 35131 Padova, Italy
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Protein Kinase CK2 and Epstein-Barr Virus. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020358. [PMID: 36830895 PMCID: PMC9953236 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase CK2 is a pleiotropic protein kinase, which phosphorylates a number of cellular and viral proteins. Thereby, this kinase is implicated in the regulation of cellular signaling, controlling of cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, immune response, migration and invasion. In general, viruses use host signaling mechanisms for the replication of their genome as well as for cell transformation leading to cancer. Therefore, it is not surprising that CK2 also plays a role in controlling viral infection and the generation of cancer cells. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) lytically infects epithelial cells of the oropharynx and B cells. These latently infected B cells subsequently become resting memory B cells when passing the germinal center. Importantly, EBV is responsible for the generation of tumors such as Burkitt's lymphoma. EBV was one of the first human viruses, which was connected to CK2 in the early nineties of the last century. The present review shows that protein kinase CK2 phosphorylates EBV encoded proteins as well as cellular proteins, which are implicated in the lytic and persistent infection and in EBV-induced neoplastic transformation. EBV-encoded and CK2-phosphorylated proteins together with CK2-phosphorylated cellular signaling proteins have the potential to provide efficient virus replication and cell transformation. Since there are powerful inhibitors known for CK2 kinase activity, CK2 might become an attractive target for the inhibition of EBV replication and cell transformation.
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36
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Wang H, Tang X, Liu Y. SlCK2α as a novel substrate for CRL4 E3 ligase regulates fruit size through maintenance of cell division homeostasis in tomato. PLANTA 2023; 257:38. [PMID: 36645501 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-023-04070-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study unravels a novel regulatory module (CRL4-CK2α-CDK2) involving fruit size control by mediating cell division homeostasis (SlCK2α and SlCDK2) in tomato. Fruit size is one of the crucial agronomical traits for crop production. UV-damaged DNA binding protein 1 (DDB1), a core component of Cullin4-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex (CRL4), has been identified as a negative regulator of fruit size in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum). However, the underlying molecular mechanism remains largely unclear. Here, we report the identification and characterization of a SlDDB1-interacting protein putatively involving fruit size control through regulating cell proliferation in tomato. It is a tomato homolog SlCK2α, the catalytic subunit of the casein kinase 2 (CK2), identified by yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) assays. The interaction between SlDDB1 and SlCK2α was demonstrated by bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) and co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP). RNA interference (RNAi) and CRISPR/Cas9-based mutant analyses showed that lack of SlCK2α resulted in reduction of fruit size with reduced cell number, suggesting it is a positive regulator on fruit size by promoting cell proliferation. We also showed SlDDB1 is required to ubiquitinate SlCK2α and negatively regulate its stability through 26S proteasome-mediated degradation. Furthermore, we found that a tomato homolog of cell division protein kinase 2 (SlCDK2) could interact with and specifically be phosphorylated by SlCK2α, resulting in an increase of SlCDK2 protein stability. CRISPR/Cas9-based genetic evidence showed that SlCDK2 is also a positive regulator of fruit size by influencing cell division in tomato. Taken together, our findings, thus, unravel a novel regulatory module CRL4-CK2α-CDK2 in finely modulating cell division homeostasis and the consequences on fruit size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Wang
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China
| | - Xiaofeng Tang
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
| | - Yongsheng Liu
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, China.
- School of Horticulture and State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Bio-resource and Eco-environment, College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Hydraulics and Mountain River Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China.
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Appel LM, Franke V, Benedum J, Grishkovskaya I, Strobl X, Polyansky A, Ammann G, Platzer S, Neudolt A, Wunder A, Walch L, Kaiser S, Zagrovic B, Djinovic-Carugo K, Akalin A, Slade D. The SPOC domain is a phosphoserine binding module that bridges transcription machinery with co- and post-transcriptional regulators. Nat Commun 2023; 14:166. [PMID: 36631525 PMCID: PMC9834408 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35853-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The heptad repeats of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) are extensively modified throughout the transcription cycle. The CTD coordinates RNA synthesis and processing by recruiting transcription regulators as well as RNA capping, splicing and 3'end processing factors. The SPOC domain of PHF3 was recently identified as a CTD reader domain specifically binding to phosphorylated serine-2 residues in adjacent CTD repeats. Here, we establish the SPOC domains of the human proteins DIDO, SHARP (also known as SPEN) and RBM15 as phosphoserine binding modules that can act as CTD readers but also recognize other phosphorylated binding partners. We report the crystal structure of SHARP SPOC in complex with CTD and identify the molecular determinants for its specific binding to phosphorylated serine-5. PHF3 and DIDO SPOC domains preferentially interact with the Pol II elongation complex, while RBM15 and SHARP SPOC domains engage with writers and readers of m6A, the most abundant RNA modification. RBM15 positively regulates m6A levels and mRNA stability in a SPOC-dependent manner, while SHARP SPOC is essential for its localization to inactive X-chromosomes. Our findings suggest that the SPOC domain is a major interface between the transcription machinery and regulators of transcription and co-transcriptional processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa-Marie Appel
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Vedran Franke
- The Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johannes Benedum
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Biocenter PhD Program, a Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Irina Grishkovskaya
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Xué Strobl
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030, Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Biocenter PhD Program, a Doctoral School of the University of Vienna and Medical University of Vienna, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anton Polyansky
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gregor Ammann
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sebastian Platzer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Neudolt
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anna Wunder
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lena Walch
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefanie Kaiser
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Bojan Zagrovic
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kristina Djinovic-Carugo
- Department of Structural and Computational Biology, Max Perutz Labs, University of Vienna, Vienna Biocenter, Campus Vienna Biocenter 5, 1030, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Vecčna Pot 113, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) Grenoble, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 90181, 38042, Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Altuna Akalin
- The Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max Delbrück Center, Robert-Rössle-Straße 10, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dea Slade
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Max Perutz Labs, Vienna Biocenter, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030, Vienna, Austria.
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Nishiwaki K, Nakamura S, Yoshioka K, Nakagawa E, Nakatani S, Tsuyuguchi M, Kinoshita T, Nakanishi I. Design, Synthesis and Structure-Activity Relationship Studies of Protein Kinase CK2 Inhibitors Containing a Purine Scaffold. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2023; 71:558-565. [PMID: 37394605 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c23-00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinase CK2 (CK2) is involved in the suppression of gene expression, protein synthesis, cell proliferation, and apoptosis, thus making it a target protein for the development of therapeutics toward cancer, nephritis, and coronavirus disease 2019. Using the solvent dipole ordering-based method for virtual screening, we identified and designed new candidate CK2α inhibitors containing purine scaffolds. Virtual docking experiments supported by experimental structure-activity relationship studies identified the importance of the 4-carboxyphenyl group at the 2-position, a carboxamide group at the 6-position, and an electron-rich phenyl group at the 9-position of the purine scaffold. Docking studies based on the crystal structures of CK2α and inhibitor (PDBID: 5B0X) successfully predicted the binding mode of 4-(6-carbamoyl-8-oxo-9-phenyl-8,9-dihydro-7H-purin-2-yl) benzoic acid (11), and the results were used to design stronger small molecule targets for CK2α inhibition. Interaction energy analysis suggested that 11 bound around the hinge region without the water molecule (W1) near Trp176 and Glu81 that is frequently reported in crystal structures of CK2α inhibitor complexes. X-ray crystallographic data for 11 bound to CK2α was in very good agreement with the docking experiments, and consistent with activity. From the structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies presented here, 4-(6-Carbamoyl-9-(4-(dimethylamino)phenyl)-8-oxo-8,9-dihydro-7H-purin-2-yl) benzoic acid (12) was identified as an improved active purine-based CK2α inhibitor with an IC50 of 4.3 µM. These active compounds with an unusual binding mode are expected to inspire new CK2α inhibitors and the development of therapeutics targeting CK2 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiji Nishiwaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University
| | - Shinya Nakamura
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University
| | - Kenji Yoshioka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University
| | - Eri Nakagawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University
| | - Shiori Nakatani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University
| | | | | | - Isao Nakanishi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kindai University
- Antiaging Center, Kindai University
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Chen XR, Igumenova TI. Regulation of eukaryotic protein kinases by Pin1, a peptidyl-prolyl isomerase. Adv Biol Regul 2023; 87:100938. [PMID: 36496344 PMCID: PMC9992314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbior.2022.100938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The peptidyl-prolyl isomerase Pin1 cooperates with proline-directed kinases and phosphatases to regulate multiple oncogenic pathways. Pin1 specifically recognizes phosphorylated Ser/Thr-Pro motifs in proteins and catalyzes their cis-trans isomerization. The Pin1-catalyzed conformational changes determine the stability, activity, and subcellular localization of numerous protein substrates. We conducted a survey of eukaryotic protein kinases that are regulated by Pin1 and whose Pin1 binding sites have been identified. Our analyses reveal that Pin1 target sites in kinases do not fall exclusively within the intrinsically disordered regions of these enzymes. Rather, they fall into three groups based on their location: (i) within the catalytic kinase domain, (ii) in the C-terminal kinase region, and (iii) in regulatory domains. Some of the kinases downregulated by Pin1 activity are tumor-suppressing, and all kinases upregulated by Pin1 activity are functionally pro-oncogenic. These findings further reinforce the rationale for developing Pin1-specific inhibitors as attractive pharmaceuticals for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Ru Chen
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Tatyana I Igumenova
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA.
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Fan J, Tong G, Chen X, Li S, Yu Y, Zhu S, Zhu K, Hu Z, Dong Y, Chen R, Zhu J, Gong W, Hu Z, Zhou B, Chen Y, Jin L, Cong W. CK2 blockade alleviates liver fibrosis by suppressing activation of hepatic stellate cells via the Hedgehog pathway. Br J Pharmacol 2023; 180:44-61. [PMID: 36070072 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Liver fibrosis is a serious cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide characterized by accumulation of extracellular matrix produced by hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). The protein kinase CK2 is a pro-survival kinase overexpressed in human tumours. However, the biological role of CK2 in liver fibrosis is largely unknown. We aimed to investigate the mechanism by which CK2 promotes liver fibrosis. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH In vitro, LX-2 cells were stimulated with transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β). HSCs were also isolated for research. In vivo, the adeno-associated virus AAV-sh-csnk2a1 was used to knockdown CK2α specifically in HSCs, and CX-4945 was used to pharmacologically inhibit the enzymatic activity of CK2 in murine models of fibrosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4 ) and a 3,5-diethoxycarbonyl-1,4-dihydrocollidine (DDC) diet. Histological and biochemical analyses were performed to study the involvement of CK2 in regulation of fibrogenic and fibrolytic factors as well as activation properties of HSCs. KEY RESULTS HSC-specific genetic invalidation of CK2α or pharmacological inhibition of CK2 protected mice treated with CCl4 or fed a DDC diet against liver fibrosis and HSC accumulation. Mechanistically, CK2α, which bound to Smoothened (SMO), was a positive regulator of the Hedgehog signal transduction pathway. CK2 prevented ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of SMO, which was abolished by knockdown of CK2α or pharmacological inhibition of CK2. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS CK2 activation is critical to sustain the activated and fibrogenic phenotype of HSCs via SMO stabilization. Therefore, inactivation of CK2 by CX-4945 may be of therapeutic interest for liver fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfu Fan
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Gaozan Tong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xixi Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Santie Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ying Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shunan Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kunxuan Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zijing Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yonggan Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rui Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Junjie Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenjie Gong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhicheng Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiming Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Litai Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weitao Cong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Yeast Protein Asf1 Possesses Modulating Activity towards Protein Kinase CK2. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415764. [PMID: 36555405 PMCID: PMC9779303 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase CK2 plays an important role in cell survival and protects regulatory proteins from caspase-mediated degradation during apoptosis. The consensus sequence of proteins phosphorylated by CK2 contains a cluster of acidic amino acids around the phosphorylation site. The poly-acidic sequence in yeast protein Asf1 is similar to the acidic loop in CK2β, which possesses a regulatory function. We observed that the overexpression of Asf1 in yeast cells influences cell growth. Experiments performed in vitro and in vivo indicate that yeast protein Asf1 inhibits protein kinase CK2. Our data suggest that each CK2 isoform might be regulated in a different way. Deletion of the amino or carboxyl end of Asf1 reveals that the acidic cluster close to the C-terminus is responsible for the activation or inhibition of CK2 activity.
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42
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Zhang Z, Yang W, Chu Y, Yin X, Liang Y, Wang Q, Wang L, Han Z. AtHD2D, a plant-specific histone deacetylase involved in abscisic acid response and lateral root development. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:7380-7400. [PMID: 36125085 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In eukaryotes, histone acetylation levels directly regulate downstream gene expression. As a plant-specific histone deacetylase (HDAC), HD2D is involved in plant development and abiotic stress. However, the response of HD2D to drought stress and its interacting proteins, is still unclear. In this study, we analysed HD2D gene expression patterns in Arabidopsis, revealing that HD2D gene was highly expressed in roots and rosette leaves, but poorly expressed in other tissues such as stems, flowers, and young siliques. The HD2D gene expression was induced by d-mannitol. We investigated the responses to drought stress in the wild-type plant, HD2D overexpression lines, and hd2d mutants. HD2D-overexpressing lines showed abscisic acid (ABA) hypersensitivity and drought tolerance, and these phenotypes were not present in hd2d mutants. RNA-seq analysis revealed the transcriptome changes caused by HD2D under drought stress, and showed that HD2D responded to drought stress via the ABA signalling pathway. In addition, we demonstrated that CASEIN KINASE II (CKA4) directly interacted with HD2D. The phosphorylation of Ser residues on HD2D by CKA4 enhanced HD2D enzymatic activity. Furthermore, the phosphorylation of HD2D was shown to contribute to lateral root development and ABA sensing in Arabidopsis, but, these phenotypes could not be reproduced by the overexpression of Ser-phospho-null HD2D lines. Collectively, this study suggests that HD2D responded to drought stress by regulating the ABA signalling pathway, and the expression of drought stress-related genes. The regulatory mechanism of HD2D mediated by CKII phosphorylation provides new insights into the ABA response and lateral root development in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaochen Zhang
- College of Life Science, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shanxi 712100, China
| | - Weixia Yang
- College of Chemistry & Pharmacy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shanxi 712100, China
| | - Yueyang Chu
- College of Life Science, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaotong Yin
- College of Life Science, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shanxi 712100, China
| | - Yueqi Liang
- College of Innovation and Experiment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shanxi 712100, China
| | - Qiuping Wang
- College of Life Science, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shanxi 712100, China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Life Science, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhaofen Han
- College of Life Science, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shanxi 712100, China
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Pavan M, Menin S, Bassani D, Sturlese M, Moro S. Qualitative Estimation of Protein-Ligand Complex Stability through Thermal Titration Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Chem Inf Model 2022; 62:5715-5728. [PMID: 36315402 PMCID: PMC9709921 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.2c00995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The prediction of ligand efficacy has long been linked to thermodynamic properties such as the equilibrium dissociation constant, which considers both the association and the dissociation rates of a defined protein-ligand complex. In the last 15 years, there has been a paradigm shift, with an increased interest in the determination of kinetic properties such as the drug-target residence time since they better correlate with ligand efficacy compared to other parameters. In this article, we present thermal titration molecular dynamics (TTMD), an alternative computational method that combines a series of molecular dynamics simulations performed at progressively increasing temperatures with a scoring function based on protein-ligand interaction fingerprints for the qualitative estimation of protein-ligand-binding stability. The protocol has been applied to four different pharmaceutically relevant test cases, including protein kinase CK1δ, protein kinase CK2, pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 2, and SARS-CoV-2 main protease, on a variety of ligands with different sizes, structures, and experimentally determined affinity values. In all four cases, TTMD was successfully able to distinguish between high-affinity compounds (low nanomolar range) and low-affinity ones (micromolar), proving to be a useful screening tool for the prioritization of compounds in a drug discovery campaign.
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Barkova A, Adhya I, Conesa C, Asif-Laidin A, Bonnet A, Rabut E, Chagneau C, Lesage P, Acker J. A proteomic screen of Ty1 integrase partners identifies the protein kinase CK2 as a regulator of Ty1 retrotransposition. Mob DNA 2022; 13:26. [PMCID: PMC9673352 DOI: 10.1186/s13100-022-00284-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Transposable elements are ubiquitous and play a fundamental role in shaping genomes during evolution. Since excessive transposition can be mutagenic, mechanisms exist in the cells to keep these mobile elements under control. Although many cellular factors regulating the mobility of the retrovirus-like transposon Ty1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae have been identified in genetic screens, only very few of them interact physically with Ty1 integrase (IN).
Results
Here, we perform a proteomic screen to establish Ty1 IN interactome. Among the 265 potential interacting partners, we focus our study on the conserved CK2 kinase. We confirm the interaction between IN and CK2, demonstrate that IN is a substrate of CK2 in vitro and identify the modified residues. We find that Ty1 IN is phosphorylated in vivo and that these modifications are dependent in part on CK2. No significant change in Ty1 retromobility could be observed when we introduce phospho-ablative mutations that prevent IN phosphorylation by CK2 in vitro. However, the absence of CK2 holoenzyme results in a strong stimulation of Ty1 retrotransposition, characterized by an increase in Ty1 mRNA and protein levels and a high accumulation of cDNA.
Conclusion
Our study shows that Ty1 IN is phosphorylated, as observed for retroviral INs and highlights an important role of CK2 in the regulation of Ty1 retrotransposition. In addition, the proteomic approach enabled the identification of many new Ty1 IN interacting partners, whose potential role in the control of Ty1 mobility will be interesting to study.
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Minor Kinases with Major Roles in Cytokinesis Regulation. Cells 2022; 11:cells11223639. [PMID: 36429067 PMCID: PMC9688779 DOI: 10.3390/cells11223639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokinesis, the conclusive act of cell division, allows cytoplasmic organelles and chromosomes to be faithfully partitioned between two daughter cells. In animal organisms, its accurate regulation is a fundamental task for normal development and for preventing aneuploidy. Cytokinesis failures produce genetically unstable tetraploid cells and ultimately result in chromosome instability, a hallmark of cancer cells. In animal cells, the assembly and constriction of an actomyosin ring drive cleavage furrow ingression, resulting in the formation of a cytoplasmic intercellular bridge, which is severed during abscission, the final event of cytokinesis. Kinase-mediated phosphorylation is a crucial process to orchestrate the spatio-temporal regulation of the different stages of cytokinesis. Several kinases have been described in the literature, such as cyclin-dependent kinase, polo-like kinase 1, and Aurora B, regulating both furrow ingression and/or abscission. However, others exist, with well-established roles in cell-cycle progression but whose specific role in cytokinesis has been poorly investigated, leading to considering these kinases as "minor" actors in this process. Yet, they deserve additional attention, as they might disclose unexpected routes of cell division regulation. Here, we summarize the role of multifunctional kinases in cytokinesis with a special focus on those with a still scarcely defined function during cell cleavage. Moreover, we discuss their implication in cancer.
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Winiewska-Szajewska M, Czapinska H, Kaus-Drobek M, Fricke A, Mieczkowska K, Dadlez M, Bochtler M, Poznański J. Competition between electrostatic interactions and halogen bonding in the protein-ligand system: structural and thermodynamic studies of 5,6-dibromobenzotriazole-hCK2α complexes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:18964. [PMID: 36347916 PMCID: PMC9641685 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-23611-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
CK2 is a member of the CMGC group of eukaryotic protein kinases and a cancer drug target. It can be efficiently inhibited by halogenated benzotriazoles and benzimidazoles. Depending on the scaffold, substitution pattern, and pH, these compounds are either neutral or anionic. Their binding poses are dictated by a hydrophobic effect (desolvation) and a tug of war between a salt bridge/hydrogen bond (to K68) and halogen bonding (to E114 and V116 backbone oxygens). Here, we test the idea that binding poses might be controllable by pH for ligands with near-neutral pKa, using the conditionally anionic 5,6-DBBt and constitutively anionic TBBt as our models. We characterize the binding by low-volume Differential Scanning Fluorimetry (nanoDSF), Isothermal Calorimetry (ITC), Hydrogen/Deuterium eXchange (HDX), and X-ray crystallography (MX). The data indicate that the ligand pose away from the hinge dominates for the entire tested pH range (5.5-8.5). The insensitivity of the binding mode to pH is attributed to the perturbation of ligand pKa upon binding that keeps it anionic in the ligand binding pocket at all tested pH values. However, a minor population of the ligand, detectable only by HDX, shifts towards the hinge in acidic conditions. Our findings demonstrate that electrostatic (ionic) interactions predominate over halogen bonding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Winiewska-Szajewska
- grid.418825.20000 0001 2216 0871Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics PAS, Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland ,grid.12847.380000 0004 1937 1290Division of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Honorata Czapinska
- grid.418825.20000 0001 2216 0871Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics PAS, Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland ,grid.419362.bInternational Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kaus-Drobek
- grid.418825.20000 0001 2216 0871Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics PAS, Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Fricke
- grid.418825.20000 0001 2216 0871Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics PAS, Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland ,grid.419362.bInternational Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kinga Mieczkowska
- grid.418825.20000 0001 2216 0871Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics PAS, Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Dadlez
- grid.418825.20000 0001 2216 0871Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics PAS, Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Matthias Bochtler
- grid.418825.20000 0001 2216 0871Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics PAS, Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland ,grid.419362.bInternational Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jarosław Poznański
- grid.418825.20000 0001 2216 0871Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics PAS, Pawinskiego 5a, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
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Unni P, Friend J, Weinberg J, Okur V, Hochscherf J, Dominguez I. Predictive functional, statistical and structural analysis of CSNK2A1 and CSNK2B variants linked to neurodevelopmental diseases. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:851547. [PMID: 36310603 PMCID: PMC9608649 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.851547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Okur-Chung Neurodevelopmental Syndrome (OCNDS) and Poirier-Bienvenu Neurodevelopmental Syndrome (POBINDS) were recently identified as rare neurodevelopmental disorders. OCNDS and POBINDS are associated with heterozygous mutations in the CSNK2A1 and CSNK2B genes which encode CK2α, a serine/threonine protein kinase, and CK2β, a regulatory protein, respectively, which together can form a tetrameric enzyme called protein kinase CK2. A challenge in OCNDS and POBINDS is to understand the genetic basis of these diseases and the effect of the various CK2⍺ and CK2β mutations. In this study we have collected all variants available to date in CSNK2A1 and CSNK2B, and identified hotspots. We have investigated CK2⍺ and CK2β missense mutations through prediction programs which consider the evolutionary conservation, functionality and structure or these two proteins, compared these results with published experimental data on CK2α and CK2β mutants, and suggested prediction programs that could help predict changes in functionality of CK2α mutants. We also investigated the potential effect of CK2α and CK2β mutations on the 3D structure of the proteins and in their binding to each other. These results indicate that there are functional and structural consequences of mutation of CK2α and CK2β, and provide a rationale for further study of OCNDS and POBINDS-associated mutations. These data contribute to understanding the genetic and functional basis of these diseases, which is needed to identify their underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasida Unni
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Jack Friend
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Janice Weinberg
- Department of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Volkan Okur
- New York Genome Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Jennifer Hochscherf
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Isabel Dominguez
- Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
- *Correspondence: Isabel Dominguez,
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Baier A, Szyszka R. CK2 and protein kinases of the CK1 superfamily as targets for neurodegenerative disorders. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:916063. [PMID: 36275622 PMCID: PMC9582958 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.916063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Casein kinases are involved in a variety of signaling pathways, and also in inflammation, cancer, and neurological diseases. Therefore, they are regarded as potential therapeutic targets for drug design. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of the casein kinase 1 superfamily as well as protein kinase CK2 in the development of several neurodegenerative pathologies, such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. CK1 kinases and their closely related tau tubulin kinases as well as CK2 are found to be overexpressed in the mammalian brain. Numerous substrates have been detected which play crucial roles in neuronal and synaptic network functions and activities. The development of new substances for the treatment of these pathologies is in high demand. The impact of these kinases in the progress of neurodegenerative disorders, their bona fide substrates, and numerous natural and synthetic compounds which are able to inhibit CK1, TTBK, and CK2 are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Baier
- *Correspondence: Andrea Baier, ; Ryszard Szyszka,
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Trembley JH, Kren BT, Afzal M, Scaria GA, Klein MA, Ahmed K. Protein kinase CK2 – diverse roles in cancer cell biology and therapeutic promise. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 478:899-926. [PMID: 36114992 PMCID: PMC9483426 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04558-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The association of protein kinase CK2 (formerly casein kinase II or 2) with cell growth and proliferation in cells was apparent at early stages of its investigation. A cancer-specific role for CK2 remained unclear until it was determined that CK2 was also a potent suppressor of cell death (apoptosis); the latter characteristic differentiated its function in normal versus malignant cells because dysregulation of both cell growth and cell death is a universal feature of cancer cells. Over time, it became evident that CK2 exerts its influence on a diverse range of cell functions in normal as well as in transformed cells. As such, CK2 and its substrates are localized in various compartments of the cell. The dysregulation of CK2 is documented in a wide range of malignancies; notably, by increased CK2 protein and activity levels with relatively moderate change in its RNA abundance. High levels of CK2 are associated with poor prognosis in multiple cancer types, and CK2 is a target for active research and testing for cancer therapy. Aspects of CK2 cellular roles and targeting in cancer are discussed in the present review, with focus on nuclear and mitochondrial functions and prostate, breast and head and neck malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janeen H Trembley
- Research Service, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
| | - Betsy T Kren
- Research Service, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Biochemistry, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - George A Scaria
- Hematology/Oncology Section, Primary Care Service Line, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA
| | - Mark A Klein
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- Hematology/Oncology Section, Primary Care Service Line, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Khalil Ahmed
- Research Service, Minneapolis VA Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, 55417, USA.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
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50
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Ikeda A, Tsuyuguchi M, Kitagawa D, Sawa M, Nakamura S, Nakanishi I, Kinoshita T. Bivalent binding mode of an amino-pyrazole inhibitor indicates the potentials for CK2α1-selective inhibitors. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 630:30-35. [PMID: 36130444 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.09.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Casein kinase 2 (CK2) is a vital protein kinase that consists of two catalytic subunits (CK2α1 and/or CK2α2) and two regulatory subunits (CK2β). CK2α1 is a drug target for nephritis and cancers, while CK2α2 is a serious off-target because its inhibition causes testicular toxicity. High similarity between the isozymes CK2α1 and CK2α2 make it difficult to design CK2α1-specific inhibitors. Herein, the crystal structures of CK2α1 and CK2α2 complexed with a 3-amino-pyrazole inhibitor revealed the remarkable differences in the protein-inhibitor interaction modes. This inhibitor bound to the ATP binding sites of both isozymes in apparently distinct orientations. In addition, another molecule of this inhibitor bound to CK2α1, but not to CK2α2, at the CK2β protein-protein interface. Binding energy calculations and biochemical experiments suggested that this inhibitor possesses the conventional ATP-competitive characteristics with moderate allosteric function in a molecular glue mechanism. These results will assist the potential design of potent and selective CK2α1 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asaka Ikeda
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sakai, 599-8531, Japan
| | - Masato Tsuyuguchi
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sakai, 599-8531, Japan
| | | | | | - Shinya Nakamura
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Isao Nakanishi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kindai University, Higashi-Osaka, 577-8502, Japan
| | - Takayoshi Kinoshita
- Graduate School of Science, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sakai, 599-8531, Japan.
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