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Muntoni F, Byrne BJ, McMillan HJ, Ryan MM, Wong BL, Dukart J, Bansal A, Cosson V, Dreghici R, Guridi M, Rabbia M, Staunton H, Tirucherai GS, Yen K, Yuan X, Wagner KR. The Clinical Development of Taldefgrobep Alfa: An Anti-Myostatin Adnectin for the Treatment of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. Neurol Ther 2024; 13:183-219. [PMID: 38190001 PMCID: PMC10787703 DOI: 10.1007/s40120-023-00570-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic muscle disorder that manifests during early childhood and is ultimately fatal. Recently approved treatments targeting the genetic cause of DMD are limited to specific subpopulations of patients, highlighting the need for therapies with wider applications. Pharmacologic inhibition of myostatin, an endogenous inhibitor of muscle growth produced almost exclusively in skeletal muscle, has been shown to increase muscle mass in several species, including humans. Taldefgrobep alfa is an anti-myostatin recombinant protein engineered to bind to and block myostatin signaling. Preclinical studies of taldefgrobep alfa demonstrated significant decreases in myostatin and increased lower limb volume in three animal species, including dystrophic mice. METHODS This manuscript reports the cumulative data from three separate clinical trials of taldefgrobep alfa in DMD: a phase 1 study in healthy adult volunteers (NCT02145234), and two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled studies in ambulatory boys with DMD-a phase 1b/2 trial assessing safety (NCT02515669) and a phase 2/3 trial including the North Star Ambulatory Assessment (NSAA) as the primary endpoint (NCT03039686). RESULTS In healthy adult volunteers, taldefgrobep alfa was generally well tolerated and resulted in a significant increase in thigh muscle volume. Treatment with taldefgrobep alfa was associated with robust dose-dependent suppression of free myostatin. In the phase 1b/2 trial, myostatin suppression was associated with a positive effect on lean body mass, though effects on muscle mass were modest. The phase 2/3 trial found that the effects of treatment did not meet the primary endpoint pre-specified futility analysis threshold (change from baseline of ≥ 1.5 points on the NSAA total score). CONCLUSIONS The futility analysis demonstrated that taldefgrobep alfa did not result in functional change for boys with DMD. The program was subsequently terminated in 2019. Overall, there were no safety concerns, and no patients were withdrawn from treatment as a result of treatment-related adverse events or serious adverse events. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02145234, NCT02515669, NCT03039686.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Muntoni
- Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, London, UK
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital NHS Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Hugh J McMillan
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Monique M Ryan
- Royal Children's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Brenda L Wong
- University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Juergen Dukart
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain and Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | | | | | - Roxana Dreghici
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
- Solid Biosciences Inc., Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Karl Yen
- Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, CA, USA
- Sanofi, Paris, France
| | | | - Kathryn R Wagner
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland.
- The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Riddell DO, Hildyard JCW, Harron RCM, Wells DJ, Piercy RJ. Longitudinal assessment of blood-borne musculoskeletal disease biomarkers in the DE50-MD dog model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Wellcome Open Res 2022; 6:354. [PMID: 35600245 PMCID: PMC9111359 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17398.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal muscle wasting disease caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene. Due to their phenotypic similarity to human patients, large animal models are invaluable tools for pre-clinical trials. The DE50-MD dog is a relatively new model of DMD, and carries a therapeutically-tractable mutation lying within the hotspot for human patients, making it especially valuable. Prior to conducting therapeutic trials using this novel animal model, it is essential to establish a panel of viable biomarkers. Methods: We evaluated a panel of blood-borne biomarkers of musculoskeletal disease in the DE50-MD dog. Venous blood samples were obtained monthly throughout an 18-month study period in DE50-MD (N=18) and wild-type (WT) control (N=14) dogs. A panel of potential plasma/serum biomarkers of DMD was measured and their theoretical utility in future clinical trials determined using sample size calculations. Results: Compared to WT dogs, DE50-MD dogs had substantially higher circulating creatine kinase (CK) activities, myomesin-3 (MYOM3), and the dystromiRs miR-1, miR-133a and miR-206, but significantly lower serum myostatin concentrations. An age-associated pattern, similar to that observed in DMD patients, was seen for CK and MYOM3. Sample size calculations suggested that low cohort sizes (N≤3) could be used to detect up to a 50% improvement in DE50-MD results towards WT levels for each biomarker or a combination thereof (via principal component analysis); as few as N=3 animals should enable detection of a 25% improvement using a combined biomarker approach (alpha 0.05, power 0.8). Conclusions: We have established a panel of blood-borne biomarkers that could be used to monitor musculoskeletal disease or response to a therapeutic intervention in the DE50-MD dog using low numbers of animals. The blood biomarker profile closely mimics that of DMD patients, supporting the hypothesis that this DMD model would be suitable for use in pre-clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique O. Riddell
- Comparative Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, London, NW10TU, UK
| | - John C. W. Hildyard
- Comparative Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, London, NW10TU, UK
| | - Rachel C. M. Harron
- Comparative Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, London, NW10TU, UK
| | - Dominic J. Wells
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, NW10TU, UK
| | - Richard J. Piercy
- Comparative Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, London, NW10TU, UK
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Riddell DO, Hildyard JCW, Harron RCM, Wells DJ, Piercy RJ. Longitudinal assessment of blood-borne musculoskeletal disease biomarkers in the DE50-MD dog model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Wellcome Open Res 2022; 6:354. [PMID: 35600245 PMCID: PMC9111359 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.17398.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal muscle wasting disease caused by mutations in the dystrophin gene. Due to their phenotypic similarity to human patients, large animal models are invaluable tools for pre-clinical trials. The DE50-MD dog is a relatively new model of DMD, and carries a therapeutically-tractable mutation lying within the hotspot for human patients, making it especially valuable. Prior to conducting therapeutic trials using this novel animal model, it is essential to establish a panel of viable biomarkers. Methods: We evaluated a panel of blood-borne biomarkers of musculoskeletal disease in the DE50-MD dog. Venous blood samples were obtained monthly throughout an 18-month study period in DE50-MD (N=18) and wild-type (WT) control (N=14) dogs. A panel of potential plasma/serum biomarkers of DMD was measured and their theoretical utility in future clinical trials determined using sample size calculations. Results: Compared to WT dogs, DE50-MD dogs had substantially higher circulating creatine kinase (CK) activities, myomesin-3 (MYOM3), and the dystromiRs miR-1, miR-133a and miR-206, but significantly lower serum myostatin concentrations. An age-associated pattern, similar to that observed in DMD patients, was seen for CK and MYOM3. Sample size calculations suggested that low cohort sizes (N≤3) could be used to detect up to a 50% improvement in DE50-MD results towards WT levels for each biomarker or a combination thereof (via principal component analysis); as few as N=3 animals should enable detection of a 25% improvement using a combined biomarker approach (alpha 0.05, power 0.8). Conclusions: We have established a panel of blood-borne biomarkers that could be used to monitor musculoskeletal disease or response to a therapeutic intervention in the DE50-MD dog using low numbers of animals. The blood biomarker profile closely mimics that of DMD patients, supporting the hypothesis that this DMD model would be suitable for use in pre-clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique O. Riddell
- Comparative Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, London, NW10TU, UK
| | - John C. W. Hildyard
- Comparative Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, London, NW10TU, UK
| | - Rachel C. M. Harron
- Comparative Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, London, NW10TU, UK
| | - Dominic J. Wells
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, London, NW10TU, UK
| | - Richard J. Piercy
- Comparative Neuromuscular Diseases Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science and Services, Royal Veterinary College, London, NW10TU, UK
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Antimyostatin Treatment in Health and Disease: The Story of Great Expectations and Limited Success. Cells 2021; 10:cells10030533. [PMID: 33802348 PMCID: PMC8001237 DOI: 10.3390/cells10030533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past 20 years, myostatin, a negative regulator of muscle mass, has attracted attention as a potential therapeutic target in muscular dystrophies and other conditions. Preclinical studies have shown potential for increasing muscular mass and ameliorating the pathological features of dystrophic muscle by the inhibition of myostatin in various ways. However, hardly any clinical trials have proven to translate the promising results from the animal models into patient populations. We present the background for myostatin regulation, clinical and preclinical results and discuss why translation from animal models to patients is difficult. Based on this, we put the clinical relevance of future antimyostatin treatment into perspective.
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Rybalka E, Timpani CA, Debruin DA, Bagaric RM, Campelj DG, Hayes A. The Failed Clinical Story of Myostatin Inhibitors against Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: Exploring the Biology behind the Battle. Cells 2020; 9:E2657. [PMID: 33322031 PMCID: PMC7764137 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myostatin inhibition therapy has held much promise for the treatment of muscle wasting disorders. This is particularly true for the fatal myopathy, Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD). Following on from promising pre-clinical data in dystrophin-deficient mice and dogs, several clinical trials were initiated in DMD patients using different modality myostatin inhibition therapies. All failed to show modification of disease course as dictated by the primary and secondary outcome measures selected: the myostatin inhibition story, thus far, is a failed clinical story. These trials have recently been extensively reviewed and reasons why pre-clinical data collected in animal models have failed to translate into clinical benefit to patients have been purported. However, the biological mechanisms underlying translational failure need to be examined to ensure future myostatin inhibitor development endeavors do not meet with the same fate. Here, we explore the biology which could explain the failed translation of myostatin inhibitors in the treatment of DMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Rybalka
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia; (D.A.D.); (R.M.B.); (D.G.C.); (A.H.)
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Victoria University, St Albans, Victoria 3021, Australia
| | - Cara A. Timpani
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia; (D.A.D.); (R.M.B.); (D.G.C.); (A.H.)
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Victoria University, St Albans, Victoria 3021, Australia
| | - Danielle A. Debruin
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia; (D.A.D.); (R.M.B.); (D.G.C.); (A.H.)
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Victoria University, St Albans, Victoria 3021, Australia
| | - Ryan M. Bagaric
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia; (D.A.D.); (R.M.B.); (D.G.C.); (A.H.)
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Victoria University, St Albans, Victoria 3021, Australia
| | - Dean G. Campelj
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia; (D.A.D.); (R.M.B.); (D.G.C.); (A.H.)
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Victoria University, St Albans, Victoria 3021, Australia
| | - Alan Hayes
- Institute for Health and Sport (IHeS), Victoria University, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia; (D.A.D.); (R.M.B.); (D.G.C.); (A.H.)
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Victoria University, St Albans, Victoria 3021, Australia
- Department of Medicine—Western Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, 3021 Victoria, Australia
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6
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Łoboda A, Dulak J. Muscle and cardiac therapeutic strategies for Duchenne muscular dystrophy: past, present, and future. Pharmacol Rep 2020; 72:1227-1263. [PMID: 32691346 PMCID: PMC7550322 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-020-00134-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe X-linked neuromuscular childhood disorder that causes progressive muscle weakness and degeneration and results in functional decline, loss of ambulation and early death of young men due to cardiac or respiratory failure. Although the major cause of the disease has been known for many years-namely mutation in the DMD gene encoding dystrophin, one of the largest human genes-DMD is still incurable, and its treatment is challenging. METHODS A comprehensive and systematic review of literature on the gene, cell, and pharmacological experimental therapies aimed at restoring functional dystrophin or to counteract the associated processes contributing to disease progression like inflammation, fibrosis, calcium signaling or angiogenesis was carried out. RESULTS Although some therapies lead to satisfying effects in skeletal muscle, they are highly ineffective in the heart; therefore, targeting defective cardiac and respiratory systems is vital in DMD patients. Unfortunately, most of the pharmacological compounds treat only the symptoms of the disease. Some drugs addressing the underlying cause, like eteplirsen, golodirsen, and ataluren, have recently been conditionally approved; however, they can correct only specific mutations in the DMD gene and are therefore suitable for small sub-populations of affected individuals. CONCLUSION In this review, we summarize the possible therapeutic options and describe the current status of various, still imperfect, strategies used for attenuating the disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Łoboda
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Józef Dulak
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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7
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Tauer JT, Rauch F. Novel ActRIIB ligand trap increases muscle mass and improves bone geometry in a mouse model of severe osteogenesis imperfecta. Bone 2019; 128:115036. [PMID: 31419601 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2019.115036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) caused by mutations affecting the extracellular matrix protein collagen type I is characterized by fragile bones and low muscle mass and function. Activin A and myostatin, members of the TGF-β superfamily, play a key role in the control of muscle mass and in muscle-bone communication. Here we investigated activin A/myostatin signaling in a mouse model of severe dominant OI, Col1a1Jrt/+mouse, and the effect of activin A/myostatin inhibition by a soluble activin receptor IIB receptor, ACE-2494, on bones and muscles in 8-week old mice. Compared to wild type mice, Col1a1Jrt/+mice had elevated TGF-β signaling in bone and muscle tissue. ACE-2494 treatment of wild type mice resulted in significantly increased muscle mass, bone length, bone mass as well as improved bone mechanical properties. However, treatment of Col1a1Jrt/+mice with ACE-2494 was associated with significant gain in muscle mass, significantly improved bone length and bone geometry, but no significant treatment effect was found on bone mass or bone mechanical properties. Thus, our data indicate that activin A/myostatin neutralizing antibody ACE-2494 is effective in stimulating muscle mass, bone length and diaphyseal bone growth but does not correct bone mass phenotype in a mouse model ofdominant OI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine T Tauer
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Shriners Hospital for Children-Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Frank Rauch
- Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Shriners Hospital for Children-Canada, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Tinklenberg JA, Siebers EM, Beatka MJ, Meng H, Yang L, Zhang Z, Ross JA, Ochala J, Morris C, Owens JM, Laing NG, Nowak KJ, Lawlor MW. Myostatin inhibition using mRK35 produces skeletal muscle growth and tubular aggregate formation in wild type and TgACTA1D286G nemaline myopathy mice. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:638-648. [PMID: 29293963 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nemaline myopathy (NM) is a heterogeneous congenital skeletal muscle disease with cytoplasmic rod-like structures (nemaline bodies) in muscle tissue. While weakness in NM is related to contractile abnormalities, myofiber smallness is an additional abnormality in NM that may be treatable. We evaluated the effects of mRK35 (a myostatin inhibitor developed by Pfizer) treatment in the TgACTA1D286G mouse model of NM. mRK35 induced skeletal muscle growth that led to significant increases in animal bodyweight, forelimb grip strength and muscle fiber force, although it should be noted that animal weight and forelimb grip strength in untreated TgACTA1D286G mice was not different from controls. Treatment was also associated with an increase in the number of tubular aggregates found in skeletal muscle. These findings suggest that myostatin inhibition may be useful in promoting muscle growth and strength in Acta1-mutant muscle, while also further establishing the relationship between low levels of myostatin and tubular aggregate formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A Tinklenberg
- Division of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neuroscience Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226, WI, USA
| | - Emily M Siebers
- Division of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neuroscience Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226, WI, USA
| | - Margaret J Beatka
- Division of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neuroscience Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226, WI, USA
| | - Hui Meng
- Division of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neuroscience Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226, WI, USA
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville 32607, FL, USA
| | - Zizhao Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville 32607, FL, USA
| | - Jacob A Ross
- School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Julien Ochala
- School of Basic and Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Nigel G Laing
- Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.,Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Kristen J Nowak
- Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, Nedlands, WA, Australia.,Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Michael W Lawlor
- Division of Pediatric Pathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine and Neuroscience Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee 53226, WI, USA
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Iskenderian A, Liu N, Deng Q, Huang Y, Shen C, Palmieri K, Crooker R, Lundberg D, Kastrapeli N, Pescatore B, Romashko A, Dumas J, Comeau R, Norton A, Pan J, Rong H, Derakhchan K, Ehmann DE. Myostatin and activin blockade by engineered follistatin results in hypertrophy and improves dystrophic pathology in mdx mouse more than myostatin blockade alone. Skelet Muscle 2018; 8:34. [PMID: 30368252 PMCID: PMC6204036 DOI: 10.1186/s13395-018-0180-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myostatin antagonists are being developed as therapies for Duchenne muscular dystrophy due to their strong hypertrophic effects on skeletal muscle. Engineered follistatin has the potential to combine the hypertrophy of myostatin antagonism with the anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects of activin A antagonism. METHODS Engineered follistatin was administered to C57BL/6 mice for 4 weeks, and muscle mass and myofiber size was measured. In the mdx model, engineered follistatin was dosed for 12 weeks in two studies comparing to an Fc fusion of the activin IIB receptor or an anti-myostatin antibody. Functional measurements of grip strength and tetanic force were combined with tissue analysis for markers of necrosis, inflammation, and fibrosis to evaluate improvement in dystrophic pathology. RESULTS In wild-type and mdx mice, dose-dependent increases in muscle mass and quadriceps myofiber size were observed for engineered follistatin. In mdx, increases in grip strength and tetanic force were combined with improvements in muscle markers for necrosis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Improvements in dystrophic pathology were greater for engineered follistatin than the anti-myostatin antibody. CONCLUSIONS Engineered follistatin generated hypertrophy and anti-fibrotic effects in the mdx model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Iskenderian
- Discovery Therapeutics, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Lexington, MA, USA.,Drug Discovery, Shire, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nan Liu
- Discovery Therapeutics, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Lexington, MA, USA.,Drug Discovery, Shire, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Qingwei Deng
- Research, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Lexington, MA, 02421, USA.,Drug Discovery, Shire, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Yan Huang
- Discovery Therapeutics, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Lexington, MA, USA.,Drug Discovery, Shire, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Chuan Shen
- Discovery Therapeutics, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Lexington, MA, USA.,Drug Discovery, Shire, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Kathleen Palmieri
- Research, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Lexington, MA, 02421, USA.,Drug Discovery, Shire, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Robert Crooker
- Research, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Lexington, MA, 02421, USA.,Drug Discovery, Shire, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Dianna Lundberg
- Discovery Therapeutics, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Lexington, MA, USA.,Drug Discovery, Shire, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Niksa Kastrapeli
- Discovery Therapeutics, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Lexington, MA, USA.,Drug Discovery, Shire, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Brian Pescatore
- Discovery Therapeutics, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Lexington, MA, USA.,Drug Discovery, Shire, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Alla Romashko
- Discovery Therapeutics, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Lexington, MA, USA.,Drug Discovery, Shire, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - John Dumas
- Discovery Therapeutics, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Lexington, MA, USA.,Drug Discovery, Shire, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Robert Comeau
- Discovery Therapeutics, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Lexington, MA, USA.,Drug Discovery, Shire, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Angela Norton
- Discovery Therapeutics, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Lexington, MA, USA.,Drug Discovery, Shire, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jing Pan
- Discovery Therapeutics, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Lexington, MA, USA.,Drug Discovery, Shire, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Haojing Rong
- Nonclinical Development, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Lexington, MA, USA.,Drug Discovery, Shire, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Katayoun Derakhchan
- Nonclinical Development, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Lexington, MA, USA.,Drug Discovery, Shire, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - David E Ehmann
- Research, Shire Pharmaceuticals, Lexington, MA, 02421, USA. .,Drug Discovery, Shire, Cambridge, MA, USA.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a hereditary connective tissue disorder of skeletal fragility and more recently muscle weakness. This review highlights our current knowledge of the impact of compromised OI muscle function on muscle-bone interactions and skeletal strength in OI. RECENT FINDINGS The ramifications of inherent muscle weakness in OI muscle-bone interactions are just beginning to be elucidated. Studies in patients and in OI mouse models implicate altered mechanosensing, energy metabolism, mitochondrial dysfunction, and paracrine/endocrine crosstalk in the pathogenesis of OI. Compromised muscle-bone unit impacts mechanosensing and the ability of OI muscle and bone to respond to physiotherapeutic and pharmacologic treatment strategies. Muscle and bone are both compromised in OI, making it essential to understand the mechanisms responsible for both impaired muscle and bone functions and their interdependence, as this will expand and drive new physiotherapeutic and pharmacological approaches to treat OI and other musculoskeletal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte L Phillips
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, 117 Schweitzer Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA.
| | - Youngjae Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, 117 Schweitzer Hall, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA
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11
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Jeong Y, Daghlas SA, Kahveci AS, Salamango D, Gentry BA, Brown M, Rector RS, Pearsall RS, Phillips CL. Soluble activin receptor type IIB decoy receptor differentially impacts murine osteogenesis imperfecta muscle function. Muscle Nerve 2018; 57:294-304. [PMID: 28555931 PMCID: PMC5702601 DOI: 10.1002/mus.25706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is characterized by skeletal fragility and muscle weakness. In this study we investigated the effects of soluble activin type IIB receptor (sActRIIB-mFc) on muscle mass and function in 2 distinct mouse models of OI: osteogenesis imperfecta murine (oim) and +/G610C. METHODS Wild-type (WT), +/G610C, and oim/oim mice were treated from 2 to 4 months of age with Tris-buffered saline (vehicle) or sActRIIB-mFc and their hindlimb muscles evaluated for mass, morphology, and contractile function. RESULTS sActRIIB-mFc-treated WT, +/G610C, and oim/oim mice had increased hindlimb muscle weights and myofiber cross-sectional area compared with vehicle-treated counterparts. sActRIIB-mFc-treated oim/oim mice also exhibited increased contractile function relative to vehicle-treated counterparts. DISCUSSION Blocking endogenous ActRIIB was effective at increasing muscle size in mouse models of OI, and increasing contractile function in oim/oim mice. ActRIIB inhibitors may provide a potential mutation-specific therapeutic option for compromised muscle function in OI. Muscle Nerve 57: 294-304, 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngjae Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia MO 65211
| | - Salah A. Daghlas
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia MO 65211
| | - Alp S. Kahveci
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia MO 65211
| | - Daniel Salamango
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia MO 65211
| | - Bettina A. Gentry
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Missouri, Columbia MO 65211
| | - Marybeth Brown
- Department of Biomedical Science and Physical Therapy Program, University of Missouri, Columbia MO 65211
| | - R. Scott Rector
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia MO 65211
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12
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Past, Present, and Future Perspective of Targeting Myostatin and Related Signaling Pathways to Counteract Muscle Atrophy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1088:153-206. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-1435-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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13
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Downregulation of myostatin pathway in neuromuscular diseases may explain challenges of anti-myostatin therapeutic approaches. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1859. [PMID: 29192144 PMCID: PMC5709430 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01486-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscular dystrophies are characterized by weakness and wasting of skeletal muscle tissues. Several drugs targeting the myostatin pathway have been used in clinical trials to increase muscle mass and function but most showed limited efficacy. Here we show that the expression of components of the myostatin signaling pathway is downregulated in muscle wasting or atrophying diseases, with a decrease of myostatin and activin receptor, and an increase of the myostatin antagonist, follistatin. We also provide in vivo evidence in the congenital myotubular myopathy mouse model (knock-out for the myotubularin coding gene Mtm1) that a down-regulated myostatin pathway can be reactivated by correcting the underlying gene defect. Our data may explain the poor clinical efficacy of anti-myostatin approaches in several of the clinical studies and the apparent contradictory results in mice regarding the efficacy of anti-myostatin approaches and may inform patient selection and stratification for future trials.
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14
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Barreto R, Kitase Y, Matsumoto T, Pin F, Colston KC, Couch KE, O'Connell TM, Couch ME, Bonewald LF, Bonetto A. ACVR2B/Fc counteracts chemotherapy-induced loss of muscle and bone mass. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14470. [PMID: 29089584 PMCID: PMC5665981 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15040-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy promotes the development of cachexia, a debilitating condition characterized by muscle and fat loss. ACVR2B/Fc, an inhibitor of the Activin Receptor 2B signaling, has been shown to preserve muscle mass and prolong survival in tumor hosts, and to increase bone mass in models of osteogenesis imperfecta and muscular dystrophy. We compared the effects of ACVR2B/Fc on muscle and bone mass in mice exposed to Folfiri. In addition to impairing muscle mass and function, Folfiri had severe negative effects on bone, as shown by reduced trabecular bone volume fraction (BV/TV), thickness (Tb.Th), number (Tb.N), connectivity density (Conn.Dn), and by increased separation (Tb.Sp) in trabecular bone of the femur and vertebra. ACVR2B/Fc prevented the loss of muscle mass and strength, and the loss of trabecular bone in femurs and vertebrae following Folfiri administration. Neither Folfiri nor ACVR2B/Fc had effects on femoral cortical bone, as shown by unchanged cortical bone volume fraction (Ct.BV/TV), thickness (Ct.Th) and porosity. Our results suggest that Folfiri is responsible for concomitant muscle and bone degeneration, and that ACVR2B/Fc prevents these derangements. Future studies are required to determine if the same protective effects are observed in combination with other anticancer regimens or in the presence of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Barreto
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Yukiko Kitase
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Tsutomu Matsumoto
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Fabrizio Pin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Kyra C Colston
- Indianapolis Project STEM, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Katherine E Couch
- Indianapolis Project STEM, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Thomas M O'Connell
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,IUPUI Center for Cachexia Research Innovation and Therapy, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Marion E Couch
- Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,IUPUI Center for Cachexia Research Innovation and Therapy, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Lynda F Bonewald
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.,IUPUI Center for Cachexia Research Innovation and Therapy, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Andrea Bonetto
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. .,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. .,Indiana Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. .,Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. .,Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA. .,IUPUI Center for Cachexia Research Innovation and Therapy, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
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15
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Chatel B, Bendahan D, Hourdé C, Pellerin L, Lengacher S, Magistretti P, Le Fur Y, Vilmen C, Bernard M, Messonnier LA. Role of MCT1 and CAII in skeletal muscle pH homeostasis, energetics, and function: in vivo insights from MCT1 haploinsufficient mice. FASEB J 2017; 31:2562-2575. [PMID: 28254758 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201601259r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a partial suppression of monocarboxylate transporter (MCT)-1 on skeletal muscle pH, energetics, and function (MCT1+/- mice). Twenty-four MCT1+/- and 13 wild-type (WT) mice were subjected to a rest-exercise-recovery protocol, allowing assessment of muscle energetics (by magnetic resonance spectroscopy) and function. The study included analysis of enzyme activities and content of protein involved in pH regulation. Skeletal muscle of MCT1+/- mice had lower MCT1 (-61%; P < 0.05) and carbonic anhydrase (CA)-II (-54%; P < 0.05) contents. Although intramuscular pH was higher in MCT1+/- mice at rest (P < 0.001), the mice showed higher acidosis during the first minute of exercise (P < 0.01). Then, the pH time course was similar among groups until exercise completion. MCT1+/- mice had higher specific peak (P < 0.05) and maximum tetanic (P < 0.01) forces and lower fatigability (P < 0.001) when compared to WT mice. We conclude that both MCT1 and CAII are involved in the homeostatic control of pH in skeletal muscle, both at rest and at the onset of exercise. The improved muscle function and resistance to fatigue in MCT1+/- mice remain unexplained.-Chatel, B., Bendahan, D., Hourdé, C., Pellerin, L., Lengacher, S., Magistretti, P., Fur, Y. L., Vilmen, C., Bernard, M., Messonnier, L. A. Role of MCT1 and CAII in skeletal muscle pH homeostasis, energetics, and function: in vivo insights from MCT1 haploinsufficient mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Chatel
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France;
| | - David Bendahan
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Christophe Hourdé
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, Chambéry, France
| | - Luc Pellerin
- Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sylvain Lengacher
- Department of Physiology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Neuroenergetic and Cellular Dynamics, Brain and Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Magistretti
- Laboratory of Neuroenergetic and Cellular Dynamics, Brain and Mind Institute, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yann Le Fur
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Christophe Vilmen
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Monique Bernard
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France
| | - Laurent A Messonnier
- Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France.,Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, Chambéry, France
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