1
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Zhou T, Mao X, Jiang W, Pan Y, Chen X, Hu J, Kong X, Xia H. Assessment of Auricularia cornea var. Li. polysaccharides potential to improve hepatic, antioxidation and intestinal microecology in rats with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1161537. [PMID: 37377484 PMCID: PMC10292627 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1161537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty acid liver disease (NAFLD) is a reputed global health concern, affecting children and young adults. Accumulating evidence suggests that edible fungi polysaccharides have the potential to relieve NAFLD. Our previous study found that Auricularia cornea var. Li. polysaccharides (ACP) could improve immune by regulating gut microbiota. However, its NAFLD-alleviating potentials have been scarcely reported. This study analyzed the protective effects of Auricularia cornea var. Li. polysaccharides on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD and mechanistic actions. We first analyzed the histology and hepatic lipid profile of animals to evaluate this variant's ameliorating effects on NAFLD. Then, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials of ACP were studied. Finally, we explored changes in the gut microbiome diversity for mechanistic insights from the gut-liver region. Results showed that supplementation with ACP substantially reduced homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), body fat, liver index rates and weight gain (p < 0.05). This variant also improved HDL-C levels while decreasing triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels which were initially triggered by HFD. ACP mediation also decreased the serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels considerably with H&E technique indicating that it can reduce liver lipid accumulation, thus lowering liver damages risks (p < 0.05). The antioxidant potentials of ACP were also demonstrated as it decreased the hepatic levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX). Proinflammatory markers like IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-α concentrations were decreased by ACP supplementation, accompanied with increased IL-4 levels. Finally, ACP supplementation regulated the intestinal microbiota to near normal patterns. In all, ACP protects HFD-induced NAFLD by improving liver characteristics and regulating colonic flora composition, our findings assert that ACP can be a promising strategy in NAFLD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zhou
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xue Mao
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yu Pan
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics, Institute of Advanced Materials, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jihua Hu
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xianghui Kong
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Haihua Xia
- Institute of Microbiology, Heilongjiang Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
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2
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Wu YL, Lin ZJ, Li CC, Lin X, Shan SK, Guo B, Zheng MH, Li F, Yuan LQ, Li ZH. Epigenetic regulation in metabolic diseases: mechanisms and advances in clinical study. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:98. [PMID: 36864020 PMCID: PMC9981733 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01333-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetics regulates gene expression and has been confirmed to play a critical role in a variety of metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), osteoporosis, gout, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism and others. The term 'epigenetics' was firstly proposed in 1942 and with the development of technologies, the exploration of epigenetics has made great progresses. There are four main epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodelling, and noncoding RNA (ncRNA), which exert different effects on metabolic diseases. Genetic and non-genetic factors, including ageing, diet, and exercise, interact with epigenetics and jointly affect the formation of a phenotype. Understanding epigenetics could be applied to diagnosing and treating metabolic diseases in the clinic, including epigenetic biomarkers, epigenetic drugs, and epigenetic editing. In this review, we introduce the brief history of epigenetics as well as the milestone events since the proposal of the term 'epigenetics'. Moreover, we summarise the research methods of epigenetics and introduce four main general mechanisms of epigenetic modulation. Furthermore, we summarise epigenetic mechanisms in metabolic diseases and introduce the interaction between epigenetics and genetic or non-genetic factors. Finally, we introduce the clinical trials and applications of epigenetics in metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Lin Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Zheng-Jun Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Chang-Chun Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Xiao Lin
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Su-Kang Shan
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Bei Guo
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Ming-Hui Zheng
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Fuxingzi Li
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China
| | - Ling-Qing Yuan
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Disease, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
| | - Zhi-Hong Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China. .,Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
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3
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Ganekal P, Vastrad B, Kavatagimath S, Vastrad C, Kotrashetti S. Bioinformatics and Next-Generation Data Analysis for Identification of Genes and Molecular Pathways Involved in Subjects with Diabetes and Obesity. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59020309. [PMID: 36837510 PMCID: PMC9967176 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: A subject with diabetes and obesity is a class of the metabolic disorder. The current investigation aimed to elucidate the potential biomarker and prognostic targets in subjects with diabetes and obesity. Materials and Methods: The next-generation sequencing (NGS) data of GSE132831 was downloaded from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Functional enrichment analysis of DEGs was conducted with ToppGene. The protein-protein interactions network, module analysis, target gene-miRNA regulatory network and target gene-TF regulatory network were constructed and analyzed. Furthermore, hub genes were validated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. A total of 872 DEGs, including 439 up-regulated genes and 433 down-regulated genes were observed. Results: Second, functional enrichment analysis showed that these DEGs are mainly involved in the axon guidance, neutrophil degranulation, plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization and cell activation. The top ten hub genes (MYH9, FLNA, DCTN1, CLTC, ERBB2, TCF4, VIM, LRRK2, IFI16 and CAV1) could be utilized as potential diagnostic indicators for subjects with diabetes and obesity. The hub genes were validated in subjects with diabetes and obesity. Conclusion: This investigation found effective and reliable molecular biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis by integrated bioinformatics analysis, suggesting new and key therapeutic targets for subjects with diabetes and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prashanth Ganekal
- Department of General Medicine, Basaveshwara Medical College, Chitradurga 577501, Karnataka, India
| | - Basavaraj Vastrad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, K.L.E. College of Pharmacy, Gadag 582101, Karnataka, India
| | - Satish Kavatagimath
- Department of Pharmacognosy, K.L.E. College of Pharmacy, Belagavi 590010, Karnataka, India
| | - Chanabasayya Vastrad
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Chanabasava Nilaya, Bharthinagar, Dharwad 580001, Karnataka, India
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +91-9480073398
| | - Shivakumar Kotrashetti
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Chanabasava Nilaya, Bharthinagar, Dharwad 580001, Karnataka, India
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4
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Guha S, Sesili S, Mir IH, Thirunavukkarasu C. Epigenetics and mitochondrial dysfunction insights into the impact of the progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Cell Biochem Funct 2023; 41:4-19. [PMID: 36330539 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A metabolic problem occurs when regular functions of the body are disrupted due to an undesirable imbalance. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered as one of the most common in this category. NAFLD is subclassified and progresses from lipid accumulation to cirrhosis before advancing to hepatocellular cancer. In spite of being a critical concern, the standard treatment is inadequate. Metformin, silymarin, and other nonspecific medications are used in the management of NAFLD. Aside from this available medicine, maintaining a healthy lifestyle has been emphasized as a means of combating this. Epigenetics, which has been attributed to NAFLD, is another essential feature of this disease that has emerged as a result of several sorts of research. The mechanisms by which DNA methylation, noncoding RNA, and histone modification promote NAFLD have been extensively researched. Another organelle, mitochondria, which play a pivotal role in biological processes, contributes to the global threat. Individuals with NAFLD have been documented to have a multitude of alterations and malfunctioning. Mitochondria are mainly concerned with the process of energy production and regulation of the signaling pathway on which the fate of a cell relies. Modulation of mitochondria leads to elevated lipid deposition in the liver. Further, changes in oxidation states result in an impaired balance between the antioxidant system and reactive oxygen species directly linked to mitochondria. Hence mitochondria have a definite role in potentiating NAFLD. In this regard, it is essential to consider the role of epigenetics as well as mitochondrial contribution while developing a medication or therapy with the desired accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyoshi Guha
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Selvam Sesili
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Ishfaq Hassan Mir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
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5
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Shanaki M, Omidifar A, Shabani P, Toolabi K. Association between HDACs and pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expressions in obesity. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:880-886. [PMID: 32238064 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1734843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are important players in a variety of physiological and pathological conditions. Few studies have addressed HDAC expressions in human adipose tissue in obese individuals, and their association with pro-inflammatory cytokines. Here, we compared 20 non-obese and 20 obese women to investigate possible changes in gene expressions of HDAC2, 4, 5, and 6 in the subcutaneous adipose tissues (SAT) and visceral adipose tissues (VAT) of these individuals. Our findings showed decreased HDAC5 expression in SAT and elevated HDAC4 expression in VAT from the obese group compared with the non-obese group. Our analyses showed negative correlations between HDAC2, 5, and 6 and the obesity indices and positive correlations between HDAC4 and obesity indices. HDAC2 showed a positive correlation with pro-inflammatory cytokines whereas HDAC4, 5, and 6 were negatively correlated with pro-inflammatory cytokines. Our findings provide new evidence that implicates the important roles of HDACs in obesity and obesity-associated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrnoosh Shanaki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Omidifar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Shabani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Karamollah Toolabi
- Department of Surgery, Imam Khomeini Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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6
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Voigt RM, Zalta AK, Raeisi S, Zhang L, Brown JM, Forsyth CB, Boley RA, Held P, Pollack MH, Keshavarzian A. Abnormal intestinal milieu in posttraumatic stress disorder is not impacted by treatment that improves symptoms. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2022; 323:G61-G70. [PMID: 35638693 PMCID: PMC9291416 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00066.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder, resulting from exposure to traumatic events. Current recommended first-line interventions for the treatment of PTSD include evidence-based psychotherapies, such as cognitive processing therapy (CPT). Psychotherapies are effective for reducing PTSD symptoms, but approximately two-thirds of veterans continue to meet diagnostic criteria for PTSD after treatment, suggesting there is an incomplete understanding of what factors sustain PTSD. The intestine can influence the brain and this study evaluated intestinal readouts in subjects with PTSD. Serum samples from controls without PTSD (n = 40) from the Duke INTRuST Program were compared with serum samples from veterans with PTSD (n = 40) recruited from the Road Home Program at Rush University Medical Center. Assessments included microbial metabolites, intestinal barrier, and intestinal epithelial cell function. In addition, intestinal readouts were assessed in subjects with PTSD before and after a 3-wk CPT-based intensive treatment program (ITP) to understand if treatment impacts the intestine. Compared with controls, veterans with PTSD had a proinflammatory intestinal environment including lower levels of microbiota-derived metabolites, such as acetic, lactic, and succinic acid, intestinal barrier dysfunction [lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and LPS-binding protein], an increase in HMGB1, and a concurrent increase in the number of intestinal epithelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles. The ITP improved PTSD symptoms but no changes in intestinal outcomes were noted. This study confirms the intestine is abnormal in subjects with PTSD and suggests that effective treatment of PTSD does not alter intestinal readouts. Targeting beneficial changes in the intestine may be an approach to enhance existing PTSD treatments.NEW & NOTEWORTHY This study confirms an abnormal intestinal environment is present in subjects with PTSD. This study adds to what is already known by examining the intestinal barrier and evaluating the relationship between intestinal readouts and PTSD symptoms and is the first to report the impact of PTSD treatment (which improves symptoms) on intestinal readouts. This study suggests that targeting the intestine as an adjunct approach could improve the treatment of PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin M. Voigt
- 1Rush Center for Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago Illinois,2Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois,3Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Alyson K. Zalta
- 4Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, California,5Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Shohreh Raeisi
- 1Rush Center for Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago Illinois
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- 1Rush Center for Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago Illinois
| | - J. Mark Brown
- 6Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio,7Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio,8Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio,9Center for Microbiome and Human Health, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Christopher B. Forsyth
- 1Rush Center for Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago Illinois,2Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois,3Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Randy A. Boley
- 5Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Philip Held
- 5Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Mark H. Pollack
- 4Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, California
| | - Ali Keshavarzian
- 1Rush Center for Microbiome and Chronobiology Research, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago Illinois,2Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois,3Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois,10Department of Physiology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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7
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Li D, Li Y, Yang S, Lu J, Jin X, Wu M. Diet-gut microbiota-epigenetics in metabolic diseases: From mechanisms to therapeutics. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113290. [PMID: 35724509 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of metabolic diseases, including obesity, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is a severe burden in human society owing to the ensuing high morbidity and mortality. Various factors linked to metabolic disorders, particularly environmental factors (such as diet and gut microbiota) and epigenetic modifications, contribute to the progression of metabolic diseases. Dietary components and habits regulate alterations in gut microbiota; in turn, microbiota-derived metabolites, such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), are influenced by diet. Interestingly, diet-derived microbial metabolites appear to produce substrates and enzymatic regulators for epigenetic modifications (such as DNA methylation, histone modifications, and non-coding RNA expression). Epigenetic changes mediated by microbial metabolites participate in metabolic disorders via alterations in intestinal permeability, immune responses, inflammatory reactions, and insulin resistance. In addition, microbial metabolites can trigger inflammatory immune responses and microbiota dysbiosis by directly binding to G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). Hence, diet-gut microbiota-epigenetics may play a role in metabolic diseases. However, their complex relationships with metabolic diseases remain largely unknown and require further investigation. This review aimed to elaborate on the interactions among diet, gut microbiota, and epigenetics to uncover the mechanisms and therapeutics of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- Guang'an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Yujuan Li
- Guang'an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Shengjie Yang
- Guang'an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Jing Lu
- Guang'an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Xiao Jin
- Guang'an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
| | - Min Wu
- Guang'an men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100053, China.
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8
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You H, Tan Y, Yu D, Qiu S, Bai Y, He J, Cao H, Che Q, Guo J, Su Z. The Therapeutic Effect of SCFA-Mediated Regulation of the Intestinal Environment on Obesity. Front Nutr 2022; 9:886902. [PMID: 35662937 PMCID: PMC9157426 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.886902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal environment disorder is a potential pathological mechanism of obesity. There is increasing evidence that disorders in the homeostasis of the intestinal environment can affect various metabolic organs, such as fat and liver, and lead to metabolic diseases. However, there are few therapeutic approaches for obesity targeting the intestinal environment. In this review, on the one hand, we discuss how intestinal microbial metabolites SCFA regulate intestinal function to improve obesity and the possible mechanisms and pathways related to obesity-related pathological processes (depending on SCFA-related receptors such as GPCRs, MCT and SMCT, and through epigenetic processes). On the other hand, we discuss dietary management strategies to enrich SCFA-producing bacteria and target specific SCFA-producing bacteria and whether fecal bacteria transplantation therapy to restore the composition of the gut microbiota to regulate SCFA can help prevent or improve obesity. Finally, we believe that it will be of great significance to establish a working model of gut– SCFA– metabolic disease development in the future for the improvement this human health concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin You
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Tan
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dawei Yu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuting Qiu
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan Bai
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jincan He
- School of Public Health, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qishi Che
- Guangzhou Rainhome Pharm & Tech Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengquan Su
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Natural Products and New Drugs, Guangdong Provincial University Engineering Technology Research Center of Natural Products and Drugs, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Guangdong TCM Key Laboratory for Metabolic Diseases, Guangdong Metabolic Disease Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Gut microbial metabolites in Parkinson's disease: Association with lifestyle, disease characteristics, and treatment status. Neurobiol Dis 2022; 170:105780. [PMID: 35654277 PMCID: PMC9241494 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing appreciation of the importance of the intestinal microbiota in Parkinson’s disease (PD), and one potential mechanism by which the intestinal microbiota can communicate with the brain is via bacteria-derived metabolites. In this study, plasma levels of bacterial-derived metabolites including trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), short chain fatty acids (SCFA), the branched chain fatty acid isovalerate, succinate, and lactate were evaluated in PD subjects (treatment naïve and treated) which were compared to (1) population controls, (2) spousal / household controls (similar lifestyle to PD subjects), and (3) subjects with multiple system atrophy (MSA). Analyses revealed an increase in the TMAO pathway in PD subjects which was independent of medication status, disease characteristics, and lifestyle. Lactic acid was decreased in treated PD subjects, succinic acid positively correlated with disease severity, and the ratio of pro-inflammatory TMAO to the putative anti-inflammatory metabolite butyric acid was significantly higher in PD subjects compared to controls indicating a pro-inflammatory shift in the metabolite profile in PD subjects. Finally, acetic and butyric acid were different between PD and MSA subjects indicating that metabolites may differentiate these synucleinopathies. In summary, (1) TMAO is elevated in PD subjects, a phenomenon independent of disease characteristics, treatment status, and lifestyle and (2) metabolites may differentiate PD and MSA subjects. Additional studies to understand the potential of TMAO and other bacterial metabolites to serve as a biomarker or therapeutic targets are warranted.
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10
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Schugar RC, Gliniak CM, Osborn LJ, Massey W, Sangwan N, Horak A, Banerjee R, Orabi D, Helsley RN, Brown AL, Burrows A, Finney C, Fung KK, Allen FM, Ferguson D, Gromovsky AD, Neumann C, Cook K, McMillan A, Buffa JA, Anderson JT, Mehrabian M, Goudarzi M, Willard B, Mak TD, Armstrong AR, Swanson G, Keshavarzian A, Garcia-Garcia JC, Wang Z, Lusis AJ, Hazen SL, Brown JM. Gut microbe-targeted choline trimethylamine lyase inhibition improves obesity via rewiring of host circadian rhythms. eLife 2022; 11:63998. [PMID: 35072627 PMCID: PMC8813054 DOI: 10.7554/elife.63998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has repeatedly been linked to reorganization of the gut microbiome, yet to this point obesity therapeutics have been targeted exclusively toward the human host. Here, we show that gut microbe-targeted inhibition of the trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) pathway protects mice against the metabolic disturbances associated with diet-induced obesity (DIO) or leptin deficiency (Lepob/ob). Small molecule inhibition of the gut microbial enzyme choline TMA-lyase (CutC) does not reduce food intake but is instead associated with alterations in the gut microbiome, improvement in glucose tolerance, and enhanced energy expenditure. We also show that gut microbial CutC inhibition is associated with reorganization of host circadian control of both phosphatidylcholine and energy metabolism. This study underscores the relationship between microbe and host metabolism and provides evidence that gut microbe-derived trimethylamine (TMA) is a key regulator of the host circadian clock. This work also demonstrates that gut microbe-targeted enzyme inhibitors have potential as anti-obesity therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca C Schugar
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | | | - Lucas J Osborn
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - William Massey
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Naseer Sangwan
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Anthony Horak
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Rakhee Banerjee
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Danny Orabi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Robert N Helsley
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Amanda L Brown
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Amy Burrows
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Chelsea Finney
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Kevin K Fung
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Frederick M Allen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Daniel Ferguson
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Anthony D Gromovsky
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Chase Neumann
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Kendall Cook
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Amy McMillan
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Jennifer A Buffa
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - James T Anderson
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | | | - Maryam Goudarzi
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Belinda Willard
- Research Core Services, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Tytus D Mak
- Mass Spectromety Data Center, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)
| | | | - Garth Swanson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center
| | | | | | - Zeneng Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Aldons J Lusis
- Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles
| | - Stanley L Hazen
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
| | - Jonathan Mark Brown
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine
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11
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Ma QX, Zhu WY, Lu XC, Jiang D, Xu F, Li JT, Zhang L, Wu YL, Chen ZJ, Yin M, Huang HY, Lei QY. BCAA-BCKA axis regulates WAT browning through acetylation of PRDM16. Nat Metab 2022; 4:106-122. [PMID: 35075301 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-021-00520-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The link between branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and obesity has been known for decades but the functional role of BCAA metabolism in white adipose tissue (WAT) of obese individuals remains vague. Here, we show that mice with adipose tissue knockout of Bcat2, which converts BCAAs to branched-chain keto acids (BCKAs), are resistant to high-fat diet-induced obesity due to increased inguinal WAT browning and thermogenesis. Mechanistically, acetyl-CoA derived from BCKA suppresses WAT browning by acetylation of PR domain-containing protein 16 (PRDM16) at K915, disrupting the interaction between PRDM16 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) to maintain WAT characteristics. Depletion of BCKA-derived acetyl-CoA robustly prompts WAT browning and energy expenditure. In contrast, BCKA supplementation re-establishes high-fat diet-induced obesity in Bcat2 knockout mice. Moreover, telmisartan, an anti-hypertension drug, significantly represses Bcat2 activity via direct binding, resulting in enhanced WAT browning and reduced adiposity. Strikingly, BCKA supplementation reverses the lean phenotype conferred by telmisartan. Thus, we uncover the critical role of the BCAA-BCKA axis in WAT browning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Xiang Ma
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; Cancer Institutes; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology; The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics; Department of Oncology; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Ying Zhu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; Cancer Institutes; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology; The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics; Department of Oncology; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Chen Lu
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; Cancer Institutes; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology; The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics; Department of Oncology; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Duo Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Republic of Singapore
| | - Jin-Tao Li
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; Cancer Institutes; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology; The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics; Department of Oncology; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying-Li Wu
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital/Faculty of Basic Medicine, Chemical Biology Division of Shanghai Universities E-Institutes, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of the Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng-Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Miao Yin
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; Cancer Institutes; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology; The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics; Department of Oncology; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hai-Yan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Metabolism and Molecular Medicine of Chinese Ministry of Education, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qun-Ying Lei
- Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; Cancer Institutes; Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology; The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics; Department of Oncology; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- Rexford S Ahima
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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13
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Cruz-Lebrón A, Johnson R, Mazahery C, Troyer Z, Joussef-Piña S, Quiñones-Mateu ME, Strauch CM, Hazen SL, Levine AD. Chronic opioid use modulates human enteric microbiota and intestinal barrier integrity. Gut Microbes 2021; 13:1946368. [PMID: 34313547 PMCID: PMC8317955 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1946368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past three decades the United States has experienced a devastating opioid epidemic. One of the many debilitating side effects of chronic opioid use is opioid-induced bowel dysfunction. We investigated the impact of methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) on the gut microbiome, the gut bacterial metabolite profile, and intestinal barrier integrity. An imbalance in key bacterial communities required for production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), mucus degradation, and maintenance of barrier integrity was identified. Consistent with dysbiosis, levels of fecal SCFAs were reduced in MMT. We demonstrated that metabolites synthesized by Akkermansia muciniphila modulate intestinal barrier integrity in vitro by strengthening the pore pathway and regulating tight junction protein expression. This study provides essential information about the therapeutic potential of A. muciniphila and warrants development of new clinical strategies that aim to normalize the gut microbiome in individuals affected by chronic opioid use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica Cruz-Lebrón
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Ramona Johnson
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Claire Mazahery
- Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | - Zach Troyer
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA
| | | | - Miguel E. Quiñones-Mateu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Christopher M Strauch
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, USA
| | - Stanley L. Hazen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, USA
| | - Alan D. Levine
- Departments of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA,Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA,Departments of Pharmacology, Medicine, and Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, USA,CONTACT Alan D. Levine Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine (Wood W217C), 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio44106-4960
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14
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Gao W, Liu JL, Lu X, Yang Q. Epigenetic regulation of energy metabolism in obesity. J Mol Cell Biol 2021; 13:480-499. [PMID: 34289049 PMCID: PMC8530523 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjab043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally. Although modern adoption of a sedentary lifestyle coupled with energy-dense nutrition is considered to be the main cause of obesity epidemic, genetic preposition contributes significantly to the imbalanced energy metabolism in obesity. However, the variants of genetic loci identified from large-scale genetic studies do not appear to fully explain the rapid increase in obesity epidemic in the last four to five decades. Recent advancements of next-generation sequencing technologies and studies of tissue-specific effects of epigenetic factors in metabolic organs have significantly advanced our understanding of epigenetic regulation of energy metabolism in obesity. The epigenome, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and RNA-mediated processes, is characterized as mitotically or meiotically heritable changes in gene function without alteration of DNA sequence. Importantly, epigenetic modifications are reversible. Therefore, comprehensively understanding the landscape of epigenetic regulation of energy metabolism could unravel novel molecular targets for obesity treatment. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the roles of DNA methylation, histone modifications such as methylation and acetylation, and RNA-mediated processes in regulating energy metabolism. We also discuss the effects of lifestyle modifications and therapeutic agents on epigenetic regulation of energy metabolism in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Gao
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory for Aging & Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Jia-Li Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory for Aging & Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Xiang Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
- Key Laboratory for Aging & Disease, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Department of Medicine, Physiology and Biophysics, UC Irvine Diabetes Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
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15
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Powell DR, Revelli JP, Doree DD, DaCosta CM, Desai U, Shadoan MK, Rodriguez L, Mullens M, Yang QM, Ding ZM, Kirkpatrick LL, Vogel P, Zambrowicz B, Sands AT, Platt KA, Hansen GM, Brommage R. High-Throughput Screening of Mouse Gene Knockouts Identifies Established and Novel High Body Fat Phenotypes. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2021; 14:3753-3785. [PMID: 34483672 PMCID: PMC8409770 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s322083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity is a major public health problem. Understanding which genes contribute to obesity may better predict individual risk and allow development of new therapies. Because obesity of a mouse gene knockout (KO) line predicts an association of the orthologous human gene with obesity, we reviewed data from the Lexicon Genome5000TM high throughput phenotypic screen (HTS) of mouse gene KOs to identify KO lines with high body fat. MATERIALS AND METHODS KO lines were generated using homologous recombination or gene trapping technologies. HTS body composition analyses were performed on adult wild-type and homozygous KO littermate mice from 3758 druggable mouse genes having a human ortholog. Body composition was measured by either DXA or QMR on chow-fed cohorts from all 3758 KO lines and was measured by QMR on independent high fat diet-fed cohorts from 2488 of these KO lines. Where possible, comparisons were made to HTS data from the International Mouse Phenotyping Consortium (IMPC). RESULTS Body fat data are presented for 75 KO lines. Of 46 KO lines where independent external published and/or IMPC KO lines are reported as obese, 43 had increased body fat. For the remaining 29 novel high body fat KO lines, Ksr2 and G2e3 are supported by data from additional independent KO cohorts, 6 (Asnsd1, Srpk2, Dpp8, Cxxc4, Tenm3 and Kiss1) are supported by data from additional internal cohorts, and the remaining 21 including Tle4, Ak5, Ntm, Tusc3, Ankk1, Mfap3l, Prok2 and Prokr2 were studied with HTS cohorts only. CONCLUSION These data support the finding of high body fat in 43 independent external published and/or IMPC KO lines. A novel obese phenotype was identified in 29 additional KO lines, with 27 still lacking the external confirmation now provided for Ksr2 and G2e3 KO mice. Undoubtedly, many mammalian obesity genes remain to be identified and characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R Powell
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc, The Woodlands, TX, USA
| | - Jean-Pierre Revelli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc, The Woodlands, TX, USA
| | - Deon D Doree
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc, The Woodlands, TX, USA
| | - Christopher M DaCosta
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc, The Woodlands, TX, USA
| | - Urvi Desai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc, The Woodlands, TX, USA
| | - Melanie K Shadoan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc, The Woodlands, TX, USA
| | - Lawrence Rodriguez
- Department of Information Technology, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc, The Woodlands, Tx, USA
| | - Michael Mullens
- Department of Information Technology, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc, The Woodlands, Tx, USA
| | - Qi M Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc, The Woodlands, TX, USA
| | - Zhi-Ming Ding
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc, The Woodlands, TX, USA
| | - Laura L Kirkpatrick
- Department of Molecular Biology, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc, The Woodlands, Tx, USA
| | - Peter Vogel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc, The Woodlands, TX, USA
| | - Brian Zambrowicz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc, The Woodlands, TX, USA
- Department of Information Technology, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc, The Woodlands, Tx, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc, The Woodlands, Tx, USA
| | - Arthur T Sands
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc, The Woodlands, TX, USA
- Department of Information Technology, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc, The Woodlands, Tx, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc, The Woodlands, Tx, USA
| | - Kenneth A Platt
- Department of Molecular Biology, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc, The Woodlands, Tx, USA
| | - Gwenn M Hansen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc, The Woodlands, Tx, USA
| | - Robert Brommage
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Lexicon Pharmaceuticals, Inc, The Woodlands, TX, USA
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16
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Zhang XS, Yin YS, Wang J, Battaglia T, Krautkramer K, Li WV, Li J, Brown M, Zhang M, Badri MH, Armstrong AJS, Strauch CM, Wang Z, Nemet I, Altomare N, Devlin JC, He L, Morton JT, Chalk JA, Needles K, Liao V, Mount J, Li H, Ruggles KV, Bonneau RA, Dominguez-Bello MG, Bäckhed F, Hazen SL, Blaser MJ. Maternal cecal microbiota transfer rescues early-life antibiotic-induced enhancement of type 1 diabetes in mice. Cell Host Microbe 2021; 29:1249-1265.e9. [PMID: 34289377 PMCID: PMC8370265 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2021.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Early-life antibiotic exposure perturbs the intestinal microbiota and accelerates type 1 diabetes (T1D) development in the NOD mouse model. Here, we found that maternal cecal microbiota transfer (CMT) to NOD mice after early-life antibiotic perturbation largely rescued the induced T1D enhancement. Restoration of the intestinal microbiome was significant and persistent, remediating the antibiotic-depleted diversity, relative abundance of particular taxa, and metabolic pathways. CMT also protected against perturbed metabolites and normalized innate and adaptive immune effectors. CMT restored major patterns of ileal microRNA and histone regulation of gene expression. Further experiments suggest a gut-microbiota-regulated T1D protection mechanism centered on Reg3γ, in an innate intestinal immune network involving CD44, TLR2, and Reg3γ. This regulation affects downstream immunological tone, which may lead to protection against tissue-specific T1D injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Song Zhang
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA; Human Microbiome Program, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Yue Sandra Yin
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA; Human Microbiome Program, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University - New Brunswick, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Thomas Battaglia
- Human Microbiome Program, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kimberly Krautkramer
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg 41345, Sweden
| | - Wei Vivian Li
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Rutgers University School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Jackie Li
- Human Microbiome Program, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mark Brown
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Center for Microbiome & Human Health, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Meifan Zhang
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA; Human Microbiome Program, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michelle H Badri
- Human Microbiome Program, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; New York University, Center for Data Science, New York, NY, USA
| | - Abigail J S Armstrong
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Christopher M Strauch
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Zeneng Wang
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ina Nemet
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nicole Altomare
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Joseph C Devlin
- Human Microbiome Program, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Linchen He
- Department of Population Health, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jamie T Morton
- Human Microbiome Program, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, NY, USA
| | - John Alex Chalk
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Kelly Needles
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Viviane Liao
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Julia Mount
- Human Microbiome Program, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Huilin Li
- Department of Population Health, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kelly V Ruggles
- Human Microbiome Program, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Richard A Bonneau
- Human Microbiome Program, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA; New York University, Center for Data Science, New York, NY, USA; Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, NY, USA
| | - Maria Gloria Dominguez-Bello
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rutgers University - New Brunswick, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, Rutgers University - New Brunswick, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Fredrik Bäckhed
- The Wallenberg Laboratory, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg 41345, Sweden; Region västra Götaland, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Department of Clinical Physiology, Gothenburg, Sweden; Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stanley L Hazen
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Center for Microbiome & Human Health, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Heart, Vascular & Thoracic Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Martin J Blaser
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA; Human Microbiome Program, New York University Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
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17
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Zhao R, Ji Y, Chen X, Hu Q, Zhao L. Polysaccharide from Flammulina velutipes attenuates markers of metabolic syndrome by modulating the gut microbiota and lipid metabolism in high fat diet-fed mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:6964-6980. [PMID: 34137411 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo00534k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Natural biological macromolecules with putative functions of gut microbiota regulation possess the advantage of improving metabolic syndrome (MS). In this research, we aimed to determine the effects of Flammulina velutipes polysaccharide (FVP) (Expt. 1) and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) (Expt. 2) on MS-related disorders, gut microbiota structure changes and their underlying mechanisms in a murine model fed with high-fat diet (HFD). In Expt. 1, six-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were fed with a control diet (10% calories from fat) or a high fat diet (45% calories from fat), administered with saline or FVP (0.4 mg per g b.w.) by gavage over a 12-week period. In Expt. 2, mice were fed with a HFD, administered with fecal supernatants from healthy and FVP-fed donor mice for 12 weeks simultaneously. The body mass, blood lipid levels and blood glucose homeostasis of mice were analyzed, and total RNA from mouse liver and adipose tissue were extracted by TRIzol and the lipid metabolism-related gene expressions were calculated by qRT-PCR. Gut microbiota changes were evaluated by high-throughput sequencing. Results indicated that FVP and FMT supplementations showed an attenuation effect on mouse obesity, hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance. Up-regulated expressions of Ampkα1 and Ppara were found both in FVP and FMT treatment groups. Different changes were found in the gut microbiota caused by FVP and FMT, respectively. PICRUSt analysis indicated that compared with FVP supplementation, FMT showed a significant effect on regulating lipid metabolism in HFD-fed mice. The findings from this study indicated that oral administrations of FVP or FMT could significantly attenuate MS-related obesity, hyperlipidemia and insulin resistance in HFD-fed mice, and the beneficial effects may be mediated through lipid metabolism and gut microbiota regulation in different ways. These results improve the understanding of the functional activity of FVP as prebiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqiu Zhao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, People's Republic of China.
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18
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Volkova A, Ruggles K, Schulfer A, Gao Z, Ginsberg SD, Blaser MJ. Effects of early-life penicillin exposure on the gut microbiome and frontal cortex and amygdala gene expression. iScience 2021; 24:102797. [PMID: 34355145 PMCID: PMC8324854 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
We have established experimental systems to assess the effects of early-life exposures to antibiotics on the intestinal microbiota and gene expression in the brain. This model system is highly relevant to human exposure and may be developed into a preclinical model of neurodevelopmental disorders in which the gut–brain axis is perturbed, leading to organizational effects that permanently alter the structure and function of the brain. Exposing newborn mice to low-dose penicillin led to substantial changes in intestinal microbiota population structure and composition. Transcriptomic alterations implicate pathways perturbed in neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders. There also were substantial effects on frontal cortex and amygdala gene expression by bioinformatic interrogation, affecting multiple pathways underlying neurodevelopment. Informatic analyses established linkages between specific intestinal microbial populations and the early-life expression of particular affected genes. These studies provide translational models to explore intestinal microbiome roles in the normal and abnormal maturation of the vulnerable central nervous system. Low-dose antibiotic exposure perturbs the infant gut mouse microbiome to PND10 Frontal cortex and amygdala gene expression were substantially affected Multiple pathways underlying neurodevelopment were affected Specific gut microbial populations were linked with expression of particular genes
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelina Volkova
- Institute for Systems Genetics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Kelly Ruggles
- Institute for Systems Genetics, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.,Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Anjelique Schulfer
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Zhan Gao
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.,Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Stephen D Ginsberg
- Center for Dementia Research. Nathan Kline Institute, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA.,Departments of Psychiatry, Neuroscience & Physiology, and NYU Neuroscience Institute, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Martin J Blaser
- Department of Medicine, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.,Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
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19
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Liu Y, Yang H, Liu X, Gu H, Li Y, Sun C. Protein acetylation: a novel modus of obesity regulation. J Mol Med (Berl) 2021; 99:1221-1235. [PMID: 34061242 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-021-02082-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is a chronic epidemic disease worldwide which has become one of the important public health issues. It is a process that excessive accumulation of adipose tissue caused by long-term energy intake exceeding energy expenditure. So far, the prevention and treatment strategies of obesity on individuals and population have not been successful in the long term. Acetylation is one of the most common ways of protein post-translational modification (PTM). It exists on thousands of non-histone proteins in almost every cell chamber. It has many influences on protein levels and metabolome levels, which is involved in a variety of metabolic reactions, including sugar metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and fatty acid metabolism, which are closely related to biological activities. Studies have shown that protein acetylation levels are dynamically regulated by lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) and lysine deacetylases (KDACs). Protein acetylation modifies protein-protein and protein-DNA interactions and regulates the activity of enzymes or cytokines which is related to obesity in order to participate in the occurrence and treatment of obesity-related metabolic diseases. Therefore, we speculated that acetylation was likely to become effective means of controlling obesity in the future. In consequence, this review focuses on the mechanisms of protein acetylation controlled obesity, to provide theoretical basis for controlling obesity and curing obesity-related diseases, which is a significance for regulating obesity in the future. This review will focus on the role of protein acetylation in controlling obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuexia Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuanchen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huihui Gu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yizhou Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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20
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Graw S, Chappell K, Washam CL, Gies A, Bird J, Robeson MS, Byrum SD. Multi-omics data integration considerations and study design for biological systems and disease. Mol Omics 2021; 17:170-185. [PMID: 33347526 PMCID: PMC8058243 DOI: 10.1039/d0mo00041h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
With the advancement of next-generation sequencing and mass spectrometry, there is a growing need for the ability to merge biological features in order to study a system as a whole. Features such as the transcriptome, methylome, proteome, histone post-translational modifications and the microbiome all influence the host response to various diseases and cancers. Each of these platforms have technological limitations due to sample preparation steps, amount of material needed for sequencing, and sequencing depth requirements. These features provide a snapshot of one level of regulation in a system. The obvious next step is to integrate this information and learn how genes, proteins, and/or epigenetic factors influence the phenotype of a disease in context of the system. In recent years, there has been a push for the development of data integration methods. Each method specifically integrates a subset of omics data using approaches such as conceptual integration, statistical integration, model-based integration, networks, and pathway data integration. In this review, we discuss considerations of the study design for each data feature, the limitations in gene and protein abundance and their rate of expression, the current data integration methods, and microbiome influences on gene and protein expression. The considerations discussed in this review should be regarded when developing new algorithms for integrating multi-omics data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Graw
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street (slot 516), Little Rock, AR 72205-7199, USA.
| | - Kevin Chappell
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street (slot 516), Little Rock, AR 72205-7199, USA.
| | - Charity L Washam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street (slot 516), Little Rock, AR 72205-7199, USA. and Arkansas Children's Research Institute, 13 Children's Way, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
| | - Allen Gies
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street (slot 516), Little Rock, AR 72205-7199, USA.
| | - Jordan Bird
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street (slot 516), Little Rock, AR 72205-7199, USA.
| | - Michael S Robeson
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
| | - Stephanie D Byrum
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street (slot 516), Little Rock, AR 72205-7199, USA. and Arkansas Children's Research Institute, 13 Children's Way, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA
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21
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Abstract
Introduction: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a group of diseases related to metabolic abnormalities, which severely impairs the life and health of patients, and brings great pressure to the society and medical resources. Currently, there is no specific treatment. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have recently been reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and are considered as new targets for the treatment of NAFLD.Area covered: In this review, we summarized the role of HDACs in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and proposed possible therapeutic targets in order to provide new strategies for the treatment of NAFLD.Expert commentary: HDACs and related signal pathways are widely involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD and have the potential to become therapeutic targets. However, based on current research alone, HDACs cannot be practical applied to the treatment of NAFLD. Therefore, more research on the pathogenesis of NAFLD and the mechanism of HDACs is what we need most now.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifeng Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China.,Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, HunanChina
| | - Meihong Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China.,Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, HunanChina
| | - Yuyong Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China.,Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, HunanChina
| | - Dengliang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan China.,Research Center of Digestive Disease, Central South University, Changsha, HunanChina
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22
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Shen Z, Ji K, Cai Z, Huang C, He X, Xu H, Chen G. Inhibition of HDAC6 by Tubastatin A reduces chondrocyte oxidative stress in chondrocytes and ameliorates mouse osteoarthritis by activating autophagy. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:9820-9837. [PMID: 33744850 PMCID: PMC8064156 DOI: 10.18632/aging.202736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of HDAC6 inhibition using the selective inhibitor Tubastatin A (TubA) on the regulation of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP)-treated chondrocytes and a mouse OA model. Using conventional molecular biology methods, our results showed that the level of HDAC6 increases both in the cartilage of osteoarthritis (OA) mice and TBHP-treated chondrocytes in vitro. TubA treatment effectively inhibits the expression of HDAC6, attenuates oxidative stress, reduces the level of apoptotic proteins to maintain chondrocyte survival, and suppresses the extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. In addition, our results also revealed that HDAC6 inhibition by TubA activates autophagy in chondrocytes, whereas the protective effects of TubA were abolished by autophagy inhibitor intervention. Subsequently, the positive effects of HDAC6 inhibition by TubA were also found in a mouse OA model. Therefore, our study provide evidence that HDAC6 inhibition prevents OA development, and HDAC6 could be applied as a potential therapeutic target for OA management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhonghai Shen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Kang Ji
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Zhenhai Cai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Chenglong Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Xiaojun He
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Hongwei Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, China
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23
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Sawada Y, Gallo RL. Role of Epigenetics in the Regulation of Immune Functions of the Skin. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 141:1157-1166. [PMID: 33256976 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review is intended to illuminate the emerging understanding of epigenetic modifications that regulate both adaptive and innate immunity in the skin. Host defense of the epidermis and dermis involves the interplay of many cell types to enable homeostasis; tolerance to the external environment; and appropriate response to transient microbial, chemical, and physical insults. To understand this process, the study of cutaneous immunology has focused on immune responses that reflect both adaptive learned and genetically programmed innate defense systems. However, recent advances have begun to reveal that epigenetic modifications of chromatin structure also have a major influence on the skin immune system. This deeper understanding of how enzymatic changes in chromatin structure can modify the skin immune system and may explain how environmental exposures during life, and the microbiome, lead to both short-term and long-term changes in cutaneous allergic and other inflammatory processes. Understanding the mechanisms responsible for alterations in gene and chromatin structure within skin immunocytes could provide key insights into the pathogenesis of inflammatory skin diseases that have thus far evaded understanding by dermatologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sawada
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Richard L Gallo
- Department of Dermatology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.
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24
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Liu W, Zhou Y, Qin Y, Li Y, Yu L, Li R, Chen Y, Xu Y. Sex-specific effects of PM 2.5 maternal exposure on offspring's serum lipoproteins and gut microbiota. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 739:139982. [PMID: 32544691 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5), which is known to impact public health, has received widespread attention recently. However, the long-term impact of maternal PM2.5 exposure remains unclear. To illuminate whether maternal PM2.5 exposure can affect serum lipoproteins and intestinal flora of offspring, mice received PM2.5 by intratracheal instillation during gestation and lactation. On postnatal day (PND) 35, serum lipoproteins of male and female pups were measured. Additionally, gut microbiota of offspring on PND 3, 10, 21 and 35 were measured by 16S rDNA sequencing of the colon contents. A higher serum triglyceride (TG) concentration in male offspring was observed in the exposed PM2.5 group (p < 0.05) compared with the control group, while there was no significant difference in lipoproteins for female offspring. On PND 35, Bacteroides, Desulfovibrio, and Anaerotruncus were enriched in the male offspring of the PM2.5-exposed group, and the control group had an increased abundance of Streptococcus. However, for female offspring on PND35, Clostridium XI was found to be enriched in the control group. A positive correlation between Bacteroides and serum TG concentration (r = 0.47, p = 0.02) was determined by Spearman's correlation analysis. These results suggest that serum TG and gut microbiota of offspring could be influenced by maternal PM2.5 exposure in a sex-specific manner. Abnormal lipid metabolism might be relevant to the changes of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yalin Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yong Qin
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lanlan Yu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ruijun Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuhan Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yajun Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Toxicological Research and Risk Assessment for Food Safety, Beijing 100083, China.
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25
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Lu JF, Zhu MQ, Zhang H, Liu H, Xia B, Wang YL, Shi X, Peng L, Wu JW. Neohesperidin attenuates obesity by altering the composition of the gut microbiota in high-fat diet-fed mice. FASEB J 2020; 34:12053-12071. [PMID: 32729978 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201903102rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and related metabolic disorders are associated with intestinal microbiota dysbiosis, disrupted intestinal barrier, and chronic inflammation. Neohesperidin (Neo), a natural polyphenol abundant in citrus fruits, is known for its preventative and therapeutic effects on numerous diseases. Here, we report that Neo administration attenuates weight gain, low-grade inflammation, and insulin resistance in mice fed high-fat diet (HFD). Also, Neo administration substantially restores gut barrier damage, metabolic endotoxemia, and systemic inflammation. Sequencing of 16S rRNA genes in fecal samples revealed that Neo administration reverses HFD-induced intestinal microbiota dysbiosis: an increase in the diversity of gut microbiota and alteration in the composition of intestinal microbiota (particularly in the relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes). Furthermore, systemic antibiotic treatment abolishes the beneficial effects of Neo in body weight control, suggesting that the effect of Neo on obesity attenuation largely depends on the gut microbiota. More importantly, we demonstrate that the impact of Neo on the regulation of obesity could be transferred from Neo-treated mice to HFD-fed mice via fecal microbiota transplantation. Collectively, our data highlight the efficacy of Neo as a prebiotic agent for attenuating obesity, implying a potential mechanism for gut microbiota mediated the beneficial effect of Neo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Feng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Meng Qing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Heng Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Xia
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yong Liang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Xin'e Shi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Liang Peng
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases, Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Wei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Shaanxi Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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26
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Jing N, Liu X, Jin M, Yang X, Hu X, Li C, Zhao K. Fubrick tea attenuates high-fat diet induced fat deposition and metabolic disorder by regulating gut microbiota and caffeine metabolism. Food Funct 2020; 11:6971-6986. [PMID: 32697259 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo01282c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fubrick tea aqueous extract (FTEs) has been reported to improve lipid metabolism and gut microbiota communities in mice and humans. However, it is still unclear how FTEs prevents obesity through gut microbiota, and whether some other regulatory mechanisms are involved in the process. Here, we found that FTEs supplementation effectively alleviated the body weight gain, visceral fat accumulation, dyslipidemia, and impaired glucose tolerance induced by a high-fat diet (HFD), and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) from FTEs-treated mice showed similar protective effects as FTEs supplementation in mice fed with a HFD. The results confirmed that gut microbiota played key roles in attenuating HFD-induced fat deposition and metabolic disorder. In particular, FTEs reversed HFD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis via increasing the relative abundances of Bacteroides, Adlercreutzia, Alistipes, Parabacteroides, and norank_f_Lachnospiraceae, and reducing that of Staphylococcus. Interestingly, FTEs could still alleviate HFD-induced lipid accumulation in mice treated with antibiotics, which had increased relative abundances of Bacteroidetes, Bacteroides, and Bacteroides_uniformis sp. In addition, supplementation with FTEs also modified the serum metabolome, especially the "caffeine metabolism" pathway. Furthermore, FTEs supplementation increased the concentrations of caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine in serum, which were positively correlated with an abundance of norank_f_Lachnospiraceae. Overall, FTEs exerts beneficial effects against obesity induced by HFD, and the underlying mechanism is partially related to the reprogramming of intestinal microbiota, while the metabolism of caffeine in FTEs also played an important role in the process. This study provides a theoretical basis for the further study of the anti-obesity effects of FTEs and the consideration of gut microbiota as a potential target for the treatment of obesity induced by a HFD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nana Jing
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing and Safety Control, and Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Hazard Factors Assessment in Processing and Storage of Agricultural Products, College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, PR China.
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27
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Li H, Liu F, Lu J, Shi J, Guan J, Yan F, Li B, Huo G. Probiotic Mixture of Lactobacillus plantarum Strains Improves Lipid Metabolism and Gut Microbiota Structure in High Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:512. [PMID: 32273874 PMCID: PMC7113563 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.00512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The global prevalence of obesity is rising year by year, which has become a public health problem worldwide. In recent years, animal studies and clinical studies have shown that some lactic acid bacteria possess an anti-obesity effect. In our previous study, mixed lactobacilli (Lactobacillus plantarum KLDS1.0344 and Lactobacillus plantarum KLDS1.0386) exhibited anti-obesity effects in vivo by significantly reducing body weight gain, Lee's index and body fat rate; however, its underlying mechanisms of action remain unclear. Therefore, the present study aims to explore the possible mechanisms for the inhibitory effect of mixed lactobacilli on obesity. C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into three groups including control group (Control), high fat diet group (HFD) and mixed lactobacilli group (MX), and fed daily for eight consecutive weeks. The results showed that mixed lactobacilli supplementation significantly improved blood lipid levels and liver function, and alleviated liver oxidative stress. Moreover, the mixed lactobacilli supplementation significantly inhibited lipid accumulation in the liver and regulated lipid metabolism in epididymal fat pads. Notably, the mixed lactobacilli treatment modulated the gut microbiota, resulting in a significant increase in acetic acid and butyric acid. Additionally, Spearman's correlation analysis found that several specific genera were significantly correlated with obesity-related indicators. These results indicated that the mixed lactobacilli supplementation could manipulate the gut microbiota and its metabolites (acetic acid and butyric acid), resulting in reduced liver lipid accumulation and improved lipid metabolism of adipose tissue, which inhibited obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huizhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- College of Food, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jingjing Lu
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- College of Food, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jialu Shi
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- College of Food, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Jiaqi Guan
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- College of Food, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Fenfen Yan
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- College of Food, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Bailiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- College of Food, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Guicheng Huo
- Key Laboratory of Dairy Science, Ministry of Education, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- College of Food, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
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28
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Dahiya S, Beier UH, Wang L, Han R, Jiao J, Akimova T, Angelin A, Wallace DC, Hancock WW. HDAC10 deletion promotes Foxp3 + T-regulatory cell function. Sci Rep 2020; 10:424. [PMID: 31949209 PMCID: PMC6965082 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57294-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Foxp3+ T-regulatory (Treg) cells are capable of suppressing immune responses. Lysine acetylation is a key mechanism of post-translational control of various transcription factors, and when acetylated, Foxp3 is stabilized and transcriptionally active. Therefore, understanding the roles of various histone/protein deacetylases (HDAC) are key to promoting Treg-based immunotherapy. Several of the 11 classical HDAC enzymes are necessary for optimal Treg function while others are dispensable. We investigated the effect of HDAC10 in murine Tregs. HDAC10 deletion had no adverse effect on the health of mice, which retained normal CD4+ and CD8+ T cell function. However, HDAC10−/− Treg exhibited increased suppressive function in vitro and in vivo. C57BL/6 Rag1−/− mice adoptively transferred with HDAC10−/− but not wild Treg, were protected from developing colitis. HDAC10−/− but not wild-type mice receiving fully MHC-mismatched cardiac transplants became tolerant and showed long-term allograft survival (>100 d). We conclude that targeting of HDAC10 may be of therapeutic value for inflammatory disorders including colitis and also for transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satinder Dahiya
- Division of Transplant Immunology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Biesecker Center for Pediatric Liver Disease, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Ulf H Beier
- Division of Nephrology and Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Liqing Wang
- Division of Transplant Immunology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Biesecker Center for Pediatric Liver Disease, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Rongxiang Han
- Division of Transplant Immunology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Biesecker Center for Pediatric Liver Disease, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jing Jiao
- Division of Nephrology and Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Tatiana Akimova
- Division of Transplant Immunology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Biesecker Center for Pediatric Liver Disease, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Alessia Angelin
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Douglas C Wallace
- Center for Mitochondrial and Epigenomic Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Wayne W Hancock
- Division of Transplant Immunology, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, and Biesecker Center for Pediatric Liver Disease, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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29
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Sharma M, Li Y, Stoll ML, Tollefsbol TO. The Epigenetic Connection Between the Gut Microbiome in Obesity and Diabetes. Front Genet 2020; 10:1329. [PMID: 32010189 PMCID: PMC6974692 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic diseases are becoming an alarming health issue due to elevated incidences of these diseases over the past few decades. Various environmental factors are associated with a number of metabolic diseases and often play a crucial role in this process. Amongst the factors, diet is the most important factor that can regulate these diseases via modulation of the gut microbiome. The gut microbiome participates in multiple metabolic processes in the human body and is mainly responsible for regulation of host metabolism. The alterations in function and composition of the gut microbiota have been known to be involved in the pathogenesis of metabolic diseases via induction of epigenetic changes such as DNA methylation, histone modifications and regulation by noncoding RNAs. These induced epigenetic modifications can also be regulated by metabolites produced by the gut microbiota including short-chain fatty acids, folates, biotin and trimethylamine-N-oxide. In addition, studies have elucidated the potential role of these microbial-produced metabolites in the pathophysiology of obesity and diabetes. Hence, this review focuses on the interactions between the gut microbiome and epigenetic processes in the regulation and development of obesity and diabetes, which may have potential as a novel preventive or therapeutic approach for several metabolic and other human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manvi Sharma
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.,Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Matthew L Stoll
- Division of Pediatric Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Trygve O Tollefsbol
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.,Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.,Nutrition Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.,Comprehensive Center for Healthy Aging, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.,Comprehensive Diabetes Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
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