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Vieira RR, da Silva RA, Sasso GRS, Franco PC, Borges FT, Lima PDA, Sanches JM, Gil CD, Carbonel AAF. Lack of Annexin A1 Exacerbates Inflammatory Response in Acute Endometritis Model. Inflammation 2024; 47:1041-1052. [PMID: 38198110 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-023-01959-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
Annexin A1 (AnxA1) is a glucocorticoid-inducible protein and an important endogenous modulator of inflammation. However, its effect in the endometrial microenvironment is poorly explained. This study aimed to evaluate the role of endogenous AnxA1 in an endometritis mouse model induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Female C57BL/6 wild-type (WT) and AnxA1-/- mice were divided into two groups: SHAM and LPS. To induce endometritis, mice received a vaginal infusion of 50 μL of LPS (1 mg/mL) dissolved in phosphate-buffered saline. After 24 h, the mice were euthanized, and blood and uteri samples were collected. The endometrium inflammatory scores were significantly increased in the LPS-treated group. AnxA1-/- mice from the LPS group demonstrated a significant increase in the number of degranulated mast cell levels compared to AnxA1-/- SHAM mice. The Western blotting analysis revealed that a lack of AnxA1 promoted the upregulation of NLRP3 and pro-IL-1β in the acute endometritis animal model compared to WT LPS animals. LPS-induced endometritis increased the number of blood peripheral leukocytes in both WT and AnxA1-/- mice compared with SHAM group mice (p < 0.001). AnxA1-/- mice also showed increased plasma levels of IL-1β (p < 0.01), IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, and TNF-α (p < 0.05) following LPS-induced endometritis. In conclusion, a lack of endogenous AnxA1 exacerbated the inflammatory response in an endometritis model via NLRP3 dysregulation, increased uterine mast cell activation, and plasma pro-inflammatory cytokine release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata R Vieira
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu 740, Edifício Lemos Torres - 3° andar, São Paulo, SP, 04023-900, Brazil
| | - Rafael André da Silva
- Biosciences Graduate Program, Institute of Biosciences, Letters and Exact Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, Brazil
| | - Gisela R S Sasso
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu 740, Edifício Lemos Torres - 3° andar, São Paulo, SP, 04023-900, Brazil
| | - Paulo C Franco
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu 740, Edifício Lemos Torres - 3° andar, São Paulo, SP, 04023-900, Brazil
| | - Fernanda T Borges
- Department of Medicine, Nephrology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, SP, 04038-901, Brazil
| | - Patrícia D A Lima
- Queen's Cardiopulmonary Unit (QCPU), Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Jose Marcos Sanches
- School of Medicine, Universidade do Oeste Paulista (UNOESTE), Guaruja, SP, 11441-225, Brazil
| | - Cristiane D Gil
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu 740, Edifício Lemos Torres - 3° andar, São Paulo, SP, 04023-900, Brazil.
- Biosciences Graduate Program, Institute of Biosciences, Letters and Exact Sciences, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, Brazil.
| | - Adriana A F Carbonel
- Department of Morphology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Rua Botucatu 740, Edifício Lemos Torres - 3° andar, São Paulo, SP, 04023-900, Brazil
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2
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Hu X, Wu H, Yong X, Wang Y, Yang S, Fan D, Xiao Y, Che L, Shi K, Li K, Xiong C, Zhu H, Qian Z. Cyclical endometrial repair and regeneration: Molecular mechanisms, diseases, and therapeutic interventions. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e425. [PMID: 38045828 PMCID: PMC10691302 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The endometrium is a unique human tissue with an extraordinary ability to undergo a hormone-regulated cycle encompassing shedding, bleeding, scarless repair, and regeneration throughout the female reproductive cycle. The cyclical repair and regeneration of the endometrium manifest as changes in endometrial epithelialization, glandular regeneration, and vascularization. The mechanisms encompass inflammation, coagulation, and fibrinolytic system balance. However, specific conditions such as endometriosis or TCRA treatment can disrupt the process of cyclical endometrial repair and regeneration. There is uncertainty about traditional clinical treatments' efficacy and side effects, and finding new therapeutic interventions is essential. Researchers have made substantial progress in the perspective of regenerative medicine toward maintaining cyclical endometrial repair and regeneration in recent years. Such progress encompasses the integration of biomaterials, tissue-engineered scaffolds, stem cell therapies, and 3D printing. This review analyzes the mechanisms, diseases, and interventions associated with cyclical endometrial repair and regeneration. The review discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the regenerative interventions currently employed in clinical practice. Additionally, it highlights the significant advantages of regenerative medicine in this domain. Finally, we review stem cells and biologics among the available interventions in regenerative medicine, providing insights into future therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xulin Hu
- Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu UniversityChengdu UniversityChengduSichuanChina
- Department of BiotherapyCancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Haoming Wu
- Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu UniversityChengdu UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Xin Yong
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Department of Paediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Collaborative Innovation Center of BiotherapySichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Yao Wang
- Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu UniversityChengdu UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Shuhao Yang
- Department of OrthopedicsThe First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Diyi Fan
- Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu UniversityChengdu UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Yibo Xiao
- Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu UniversityChengdu UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Lanyu Che
- Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu UniversityChengdu UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Kun Shi
- Department of BiotherapyCancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Kainan Li
- Clinical Medical College and Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu UniversityChengdu UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | | | - Huili Zhu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of EducationWest China Second University Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Zhiyong Qian
- Department of BiotherapyCancer Center and State Key Laboratory of BiotherapyWest China HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
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3
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Liu Y, Darville T, Zheng X, Li Q. Decomposition of variation of mixed variables by a latent mixed Gaussian copula model. Biometrics 2023; 79:1187-1200. [PMID: 35304917 PMCID: PMC10019899 DOI: 10.1111/biom.13660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Many biomedical studies collect data of mixed types of variables from multiple groups of subjects. Some of these studies aim to find the group-specific and the common variation among all these variables. Even though similar problems have been studied by some previous works, their methods mainly rely on the Pearson correlation, which cannot handle mixed data. To address this issue, we propose a latent mixed Gaussian copula (LMGC) model that can quantify the correlations among binary, ordinal, continuous, and truncated variables in a unified framework. We also provide a tool to decompose the variation into the group-specific and the common variation over multiple groups via solving a regularized M-estimation problem. We conduct extensive simulation studies to show the advantage of our proposed method over the Pearson correlation-based methods. We also demonstrate that by jointly solving the M-estimation problem over multiple groups, our method is better than decomposing the variation group by group. We also apply our method to a Chlamydia trachomatis genital tract infection study to demonstrate how it can be used to discover informative biomarkers that differentiate patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutong Liu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Toni Darville
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Xiaojing Zheng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Quefeng Li
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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4
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Caven LT, Brinkworth AJ, Carabeo RA. Chlamydia trachomatis induces the transcriptional activity of host YAP in a Hippo-independent fashion. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1098420. [PMID: 36923592 PMCID: PMC10008951 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1098420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The obligate intracellular pathogen Chlamydia trachomatis is the causative agent of the most common bacterial sexually transmitted disease worldwide. While the host response to infection by this pathogen has been well characterized, it remains unclear to what extent host gene expression during infection is the product of Chlamydia-directed modulation of host transcription factors. Methods To identify transcription factors potentially modulated by Chlamydia during infection, we infected immortalized endocervical epithelial cells (End1/E6E7) with the anogenital C. trachomatis serovar L2, harvesting polyadenylated RNA for bulk RNA-sequencing. Subsequent experiments elucidating the mechanism of infection-mediated YAP activation assayed YAP target gene expression via qRT-PCR, YAP nuclear translocation via quantitative immunofluorescence, and YAP phosphorylation via Western blotting. Results RNA sequencing of Chlamydia-infected endocervical epithelial cells revealed gene expression consistent with activity of YAP, a transcriptional coactivator implicated in cell proliferation, wound healing, and fibrosis. After confirming induction of YAP target genes during infection, we observed an infection-dependent increase in YAP nuclear translocation sensitive to inhibition of bacterial protein synthesis. While Hippo-mediated phosphoinhibition of YAP at S127 was unaffected by C. trachomatis infection, Hippo-independent phosphorylation at Y357 was increased. Infection did not enhance nuclear translocation of Y357F mutant YAP, illustrating a requirement for phosphorylation at this residue. Pharmacological inhibition of host Src-family kinase activity attenuated YAP Y357 phosphorylation, but not nuclear translocation - which was instead sensitive to inhibition of Abl. Discussion Our results define a transcriptome-altering mechanism of pathogen-directed YAP activation that bypasses canonical inhibition by the Hippo kinase cascade, with a potential link to chlamydial fibrosis and other advanced disease sequelae. Additional study is required to determine the specific role of infection-associated Y357 phosphorylation and Abl activity in chlamydial induction of YAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam T. Caven
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
- School of Molecular Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
| | - Amanda J. Brinkworth
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
| | - Rey A. Carabeo
- Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States
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5
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Fan L, Liu Z, Zhang Z, Li T, Zong X, Bai H. Kangfuxiaoyanshuan alleviates uterine inflammation and adhesion via inhibiting NF-κB p65 and TGF-β/MMP-2 signaling pathway in pelvic inflammatory disease rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:894149. [PMID: 35924054 PMCID: PMC9340273 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.894149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aims: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is infection-induced inflammation of the female upper reproductive tract that results in high fever, ectopic pregnancy, infertility, and varying degrees of chronic pelvic pain. Recent clinical studies have shown that Kangfuxiaoyanshuan (KFXYS), a Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) formulation, may short the course of the disease and reduce the occurrence of PID sequelae, but its pharmacological action and potential mechanism have not been fully elucidated. Here, we aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanism of KFXYS in rats with PID. Materials and Methods: A PID rat model was constructed through endometrial mechanical injury and pathogen infection. The rectal temperature was measured during the 14-days course of treatment, and the white blood cell (WBC) count in the blood and the levels of cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-4, TNF-α) in the serum were evaluated by ELISA. Hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining was performed to analyze pathological changes, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to observe ultrastructural changes. The p-p65/p65 protein expression was evaluated by western blotting and the levels of MMP-2 and TGF-β in adhesion tissues were assessed by immunohistochemistry. Results: KFXYS lowered the rectal temperature and the WBC counts in the blood in the acute stage of PID and alleviated inflammatory cell infiltration of the uterus, especially when combined with levofloxacin. KFXYS significantly decreased the levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-4) and adhesion-related factors (TNF-α) and protected the ultrastructure of endometrial epithelial cells. Mechanistically, KFXYS inhibited the NF-κB activation by decreasing phosphorylation of p65, thus the alleviation of inflammation further reduced the expression of TGF-β and MMP-2, and inhibited the occurrence of uterine adhesions. Conclusion: These results revealed that KFXYS alleviated pelvic inflammation and effectively inhibits inflammation-associated adhesion, which indicated the potential role of KFXYS for treatment of PID and the prevention of PID sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyuan Fan
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaohui Liu
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaohui Liu,
| | - Zhan Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaonan Zong
- Department of Gynecology, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Huihui Bai
- Department of Microecological Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University. Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Beijing, China
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6
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Parga-Vidal L, van Aalderen MC, Stark R, van Gisbergen KPJM. Tissue-resident memory T cells in the urogenital tract. Nat Rev Nephrol 2022; 18:209-223. [PMID: 35079143 DOI: 10.1038/s41581-021-00525-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Our understanding of T cell memory responses changed drastically with the discovery that specialized T cell memory populations reside within peripheral tissues at key pathogen entry sites. These tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells can respond promptly to an infection without the need for migration, proliferation or differentiation. This rapid and local deployment of effector functions maximizes the ability of TRM cells to eliminate pathogens. TRM cells do not circulate through peripheral tissues but instead form isolated populations in the skin, gut, liver, kidneys, the reproductive tract and other organs. This long-term retention in the periphery might allow TRM cells to fully adapt to the local conditions of their environment and mount customized responses to counter infection and tumour growth in a tissue-specific manner. In the urogenital tract, TRM cells must adapt to a unique microenvironment to confer protection against potential threats, including cancer and infection, while preventing the onset of auto-inflammatory disease. In this Review, we discuss insights into the diversification of TRM cells from other memory T cell lineages, the adaptations of TRM cells to their local environment, and their enhanced capacity to counter infection and tumour growth compared with other memory T cell populations, especially in the urogenital tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loreto Parga-Vidal
- Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michiel C van Aalderen
- Department of Experimental Immunology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Internal Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Regina Stark
- Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Experimental Immunology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Klaas P J M van Gisbergen
- Department of Hematopoiesis, Sanquin Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Department of Experimental Immunology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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7
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Dong Y, Yuan Y, Ma Y, Luo Y, Zhou W, Deng X, Pu J, Hu B, Liu S. Combined Intestinal Metabolomics and Microbiota Analysis for Acute Endometritis Induced by Lipopolysaccharide in Mice. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 11:791373. [PMID: 34976866 PMCID: PMC8718680 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.791373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometritis is generally caused by bacterial infections, including both acute and chronic infections. In the past few decades, accumulated evidence showed that the occurrence of diseases might be related to gut microbiota. The progression of diseases is previously known to change the composition and diversity of intestinal microbiota. Additionally, it also causes corresponding changes in metabolites, primarily by affecting the physiological processes of microbiota. However, the effects of acute endometritis on intestinal microbiota and its metabolism remain unknown. Thus, the present study aimed to assess the effects of acute endometritis on intestinal microbes and their metabolites. Briefly, endometritis was induced in 30 specific pathogen-free (SPF) BALB/c female mice via intrauterine administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) after anesthesia. Following this, 16S rRNA gene sequencing and liquid chromatogram-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) were performed. At the genus level, the relative abundance of Klebsiella, Lachnoclostridium_5, and Citrobacter was found to be greater in the LPS group than in the control group. Importantly, the control group exhibited a higher ratio of Christensenellaceae_R−7_group and Parasutterella. Furthermore, intestinal metabolomics analysis in mice showed that acute endometritis altered the concentration of intestinal metabolites and affected biological oxidation, energy metabolism, and biosynthesis of primary bile acids. The correlation analysis between microbial diversity and metabolome provided a basis for a comprehensive understanding of the composition and function of the microbial community. Altogether, the findings of this study would be helpful in the prevention and treatment of acute endometritis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Dong
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China.,College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China.,College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan, China
| | - Yichuan Ma
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanyue Luo
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenjing Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Deng
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingyu Pu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Binhong Hu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
| | - Songqing Liu
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Chengdu Normal University, Chengdu, China
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8
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Umar T, Ma X, Yin B, Umer S, Zahoor A, Akhtar M, Umar Z, Shaukat A, Deng G. miR-424-5p overexpression inhibits LPS-stimulated inflammatory response in bovine endometrial epithelial cells by targeting IRAK2. J Reprod Immunol 2021; 150:103471. [PMID: 35032930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2021.103471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Endometritis is inflammation of endometrium due to various factors and is a common cause of infertility. Several remedies used for endometritis like antibiotics, hormones, and herbs. Studies confirm that microRNAs play a significant role in various inflammatory diseases. However, the role of miR-424-5p in endometritis is not clear. In our study, histopathology, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, Western blot analysis, immunofluorescence, ELISA, and dual-luciferase reporter assay were used to elucidate the effect of miR-424-5p in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-primed inflammatory response in bovine endometrial epithelial cells (BEECs) and clarify the potential mechanism. Our results revealed that miR-424-5p mimics noticeably decrease the production of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α), while miR-424-5p inhibitors have inverse effects in BEECs. Moreover, overexpression of miR-424-5p on BEECs cells also suppressed NF-κB p65 activation. Afterwards, we verified that miR-424-5p inhibited Interleukin 1 Receptor Associated Kinase 2 (IRAK2) expression by binding to the 3'-UTR of IRAK2 mRNA. Further, co-transfection of miR-424-5p inhibitors and siRNA-IRAK2 revealed that negative regulation of miR-424-5p on LPS-induced inflammatory response in BEECs was mediated by IRAK2.Mutually, miR-424-5p pharmacologic stabilization represents an entirely unique medical aid for cow endometritis and other inflammation-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talha Umar
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Xiaofei Ma
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Baoyi Yin
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Saqib Umer
- Embryo Biotechnology and Reproduction Laboratory, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China; Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000 Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Arshad Zahoor
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Muhammad Akhtar
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Zaima Umar
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000 Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Aftab Shaukat
- National Center for International Research on Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction (NCIRAGBR), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China
| | - Ganzhen Deng
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, PR China.
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9
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Genital Chlamydia trachomatis Seroprevalence and Uterine Fibroid Development: Cohort Study of Young African-American Women. Microorganisms 2021; 10:microorganisms10010010. [PMID: 35056458 PMCID: PMC8780141 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Few studies have investigated the 1930s hypothesis that reproductive tract infections are risk factors for fibroid development. In our 2017 cross-sectional analysis from the Study of Environment, Lifestyle, and Fibroids (2010–2018), a large Detroit community-based cohort of 23–35 year-old African-American women with ultrasound fibroid screening, we found an inverse association between seropositivity for genital Chlamydia trachomatis (gCT) infection and fibroids. With prospective data from the cohort (standardized ultrasounds every 20 months over 5 years), we examined gCT’s associations with fibroid incidence (among 1158 women fibroid-free at baseline) and growth. We computed adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incidence by gCT serostatus using Cox proportional hazards models. GCT’s influence on growth was assessed by estimating the difference between fibroid size change for seropositive vs. seronegative between successive ultrasounds (1254 growth measures) using a linear mixed model. Growth was scaled to change over 18 months. GCT seropositivity was not associated with fibroid incidence (aHR, 1.0 95% CI: 0.79, 1.29) or growth (4.4%, 95% CI: −5.02, 14.64). The current evidence based on both biomarker gCT data, which can capture the common undiagnosed infections, and prospective ultrasound data for fibroids suggests that Chlamydia is unlikely to increase fibroid risk.
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10
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La Marca A, Gaia G, Mignini Renzini M, Alboni C, Mastellari E. Hysteroscopic findings in chronic endometritis. Minerva Obstet Gynecol 2021; 73:790-805. [PMID: 34905882 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-606x.21.04970-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chronic endometritis (CE) is a subtle pathology. Despite being difficult to detect and probably underdiagnosed, it has great clinical relevance, representing as it does a reversible cause of infertility. Nowadays, histological examination with identification of endometrial stromal plasma cells is considered the gold standard for diagnosis. Diagnostic difficulties persist, however, as a result of the technical limitations of this method and the lack of standardized histological diagnostic criteria. Hysteroscopy has been proposed as an aid for CE diagnosis. The method works by detecting signs of inflammation (focal or diffuse hyperemia, stromal edema, presence of micropolyps and the typical strawberry aspect) on the endometrial surface. Yet, the jury is still out on how reliable this technique is. Hysteroscopy displays a high sensitivity (over 86% and up to 100%) and high negative predictive value (over 92% and up to 100%) in the diagnosis of CE, and it should probably be performed routinely in the assessment of patients with unexplained infertility, repeated implantation failure and repeated pregnancy loss; however, since values in the literature regarding specificity are conflicting, in cases of suspected CE, hysteroscopy may be combined with histological examination, which remains the gold standard to confirm CE. Considering that histopathological evaluation probably underdiagnoses CE, and that hysteroscopy tends to overdiagnose, further studies are needed to determine which technique (or combination of techniques) has greater value for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio La Marca
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology Policlinico di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy -
- Clinica Eugin Modena, Modena, Italy -
| | - Giorgia Gaia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology Policlinico di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Mario Mignini Renzini
- Clinica Eugin Modena, Modena, Italy
- Biogenesi Reproductive Medicine Center, Istituti Clinici Zucchi, Monza, Monza e Brianza, Italy
| | - Carlo Alboni
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology Policlinico di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Elisa Mastellari
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences for Children and Adults, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology Policlinico di Modena, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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Chen W, Wu J, Zhan S, Lu X. Honokiol inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress-associated lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and apoptosis in bovine endometrial epithelial cells. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1476. [PMID: 34765017 PMCID: PMC8576620 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Honokiol (HKL) has been previously reported to exert anti-inflammatory effects in numerous diseases. However, the role of HKL in endometritis remains unclear. The present study aimed to explore and elucidate the role of HKL in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced in vitro model of endometritis. Bovine endometrial epithelial cells (bEECs) were pre-treated with HKL at doses of 1, 10 and 20 µM, followed by 1 µg/ml LPS. MTT assay was then used to detect cell viability. ELISA was utilized to measure the levels of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in bEECs culture supernatants. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was further performed to examine the mRNA expression levels of these cytokines. Cell apoptosis was observed by TUNEL staining and the levels of Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved caspase 3 and cleaved caspase 9 were assayed by western blotting. Western blotting was also performed to detect the expression levels of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-related proteins activating transcription factor 6, CCAAT-enhancer-binding protein homologous protein, inositol-requiring enzyme 1 and cleaved caspase 12 in bEECs. LPS treatment reduced cell viability and HKL treatment improved the viability of bEECs after LPS treatment. The LPS-induced inflammatory response and apoptosis in bEECs were also inhibited by HKL treatment. Additionally, the increased expression of ER stress-related proteins induced by LPS was reversed by HKL treatment. Following stimulation with the ER stress inducer tunicamycin, it was revealed that HKL attenuated ER stress and inhibited LPS-induced inflammatory response and apoptosis in bEECs. In summary, HKL inhibited ER stress associated with LPS-induced inflammation and apoptosis in bEECs, providing evidence that HKL can serve to be a novel agent for the treatment of endometritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenshu Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Jieli Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Sisi Zhan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wenzhou Central Hospital, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojie Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, P.R. China
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12
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Margulies SL, Dhingra I, Flores V, Hecht JL, Fadare O, Pal L, Parkash V. The Diagnostic Criteria for Chronic Endometritis: A Survey of Pathologists. Int J Gynecol Pathol 2021; 40:556-562. [PMID: 33323860 DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0000000000000737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
While acute endometritis is a reasonably well-defined entity of ascending infection and attendant active inflammation, chronic endometritis is less well defined. As part of a broad effort to define and refine the diagnostic criteria and management of the disease, we conducted a survey of pathologists to understand the variability in diagnostic criteria and implications of the diagnosis of nonspecific, nonobstetric chronic endometritis. Members of national and international professional pathology societies were surveyed utilizing anonymous electronic surveys designed to examine diagnostic criteria, etiological understanding and treatment implications of a pathologic diagnosis of nonspecific, nonobstetric chronic endometritis. There was substantial variability among pathologists in the diagnostic criteria used for making a diagnosis of nonspecific, nonobstetric chronic endometritis, with 28.5% of pathologists using the presence of a single plasma cell for making the diagnosis. There was additional variability in the use of special stains, reporting in the presence of coexisting lesions and the hormonal stage of the endometrium. There were no differences between generalists and specialists in the diagnostic criteria used, except the significantly greater likelihood of specialists making the diagnosis in gestational endometrium. The substantial variability in diagnostic criteria for nonspecific, nonobstetric chronic endometritis among pathologists, including among gynecologic pathologists, has the potential to confound the management of patients. Standardization of diagnostic criteria for chronic endometritis is essential to understand the implications of the diagnosis.
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13
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Khan KN, Fujishita A, Ogawa K, Koshiba A, Mori T, Itoh K, Nakashima M, Kitawaki J. Occurrence of chronic endometritis in different types of human adenomyosis. Reprod Med Biol 2021; 21:e12421. [PMID: 35386364 PMCID: PMC8967303 DOI: 10.1002/rmb2.12421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Human adenomyosis has an adverse effect on female fertility. Exact mechanistic basis is still unclear. We investigated the occurrence of chronic endometritis (CE) in different types of human adenomyosis. Methods This is a prospective non‐randomized observational study enrolling patients with focal (n = 30), diffuse (n = 26), intrinsic (n = 23), and extrinsic (n = 10) adenomyosis. Endometrial biopsy samples were collected from hysterectomy specimens. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed using antibody against CD68 (Mφ marker) with biopsy samples of intrinsic/extrinsic adenomyosis and CD138 (Syndecan‐1), a marker of plasma cells, in all biopsy samples. Results In GnRHa‐untreated groups, a higher trend in the occurrence of CE, as characterized by infiltration of ≥1 plasma cells in endometrial stroma, was found in women with focal (58.8%, p = 0.0849) and diffuse adenomyosis (60.0%, p = 0.0841) comparing to control women (10.0%). In women with focal adenomyosis, ipsilateral side showed a significantly higher occurrence of CE (58.8%) than on the contralateral side (11.7%) (p = 0.043). Tissue infiltration of macrophages in endometria was significantly higher in intrinsic than in extrinsic adenomyosis (p = 0.03) without showing any significant difference in the occurrence of CE between these two variants of adenomyosis. Conclusion A variable occurrence of CE in different types of adenomyosis may be involved in adverse reproductive outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaleque N. Khan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Graduate School of Medical Science Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Kyoto Japan
| | - Akira Fujishita
- Department of Gynecology Saiseikai Nagasaki Hospital Nagasaki Japan
| | - Kanae Ogawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Graduate School of Medical Science Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Kyoto Japan
| | - Akemi Koshiba
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Graduate School of Medical Science Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Kyoto Japan
| | - Taisuke Mori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Graduate School of Medical Science Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Kyoto Japan
| | - Kyoko Itoh
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Kyoto Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakashima
- Department of Molecular and Diagnostic Pathology Atomic Bomb Disease Institute Nagasaki University School of Medicine Nagasaki Japan
| | - Jo Kitawaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Graduate School of Medical Science Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Kyoto Japan
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14
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Yang C, Lei L, Collins JWM, Briones M, Ma L, Sturdevant GL, Su H, Kashyap AK, Dorward D, Bock KW, Moore IN, Bonner C, Chen CY, Martens CA, Ricklefs S, Yamamoto M, Takeda K, Iwakura Y, McClarty G, Caldwell HD. Chlamydia evasion of neutrophil host defense results in NLRP3 dependent myeloid-mediated sterile inflammation through the purinergic P2X7 receptor. Nat Commun 2021; 12:5454. [PMID: 34526512 PMCID: PMC8443728 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-25749-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis infection causes severe inflammatory disease resulting in blindness and infertility. The pathophysiology of these diseases remains elusive but myeloid cell-associated inflammation has been implicated. Here we show NLRP3 inflammasome activation is essential for driving a macrophage-associated endometritis resulting in infertility by using a female mouse genital tract chlamydial infection model. We find the chlamydial parasitophorous vacuole protein CT135 triggers NLRP3 inflammasome activation via TLR2/MyD88 signaling as a pathogenic strategy to evade neutrophil host defense. Paradoxically, a consequence of CT135 mediated neutrophil killing results in a submucosal macrophage-associated endometritis driven by ATP/P2X7R induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Importantly, macrophage-associated immunopathology occurs independent of macrophage infection. We show chlamydial infection of neutrophils and epithelial cells produce elevated levels of extracellular ATP. We propose this source of ATP serves as a DAMP to activate submucosal macrophage NLRP3 inflammasome that drive damaging immunopathology. These findings offer a paradigm of sterile inflammation in infectious disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfu Yang
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lei Lei
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John W Marshall Collins
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael Briones
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Li Ma
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gail L Sturdevant
- Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Hua Su
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Anuj K Kashyap
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David Dorward
- Research Technology Branch, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Kevin W Bock
- Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ian N Moore
- Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, Comparative Medicine Branch, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Christine Bonner
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Chih-Yu Chen
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Craig A Martens
- Genomics Unit, Research Technology Branch, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Stacy Ricklefs
- Genomics Unit, Research Technology Branch, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Masahiro Yamamoto
- Department of Immunoparasitology, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases (RIMD), Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Takeda
- Laboratory of Mucosal Immunology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Iwakura
- Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Grant McClarty
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Harlan D Caldwell
- Laboratory of Clinical Immunology and Microbiology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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15
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Xu SX, Gray-Owen SD. Gonococcal Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: Placing Mechanistic Insights Into the Context of Clinical and Epidemiological Observations. J Infect Dis 2021; 224:S56-S63. [PMID: 34396410 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
While infection by Neisseria gonorrhoeae is often asymptomatic in women, undetected infections can ascend into the upper genital tract to elicit an inflammatory response that manifests as pelvic inflammatory disease, with the outcomes depending on the intensity and duration of inflammation and whether it is localized to the endometrial, fallopian tube, ovarian, and/or other tissues. This review examines the contribution of N. gonorrhoeae versus other potential causes of pelvic inflammatory disease by considering new insights gained through molecular, immunological, and microbiome-based analyses, and the current epidemiological burden of infection, with an aim to highlighting key areas for future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey X Xu
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott D Gray-Owen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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16
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Soper DE, Wiesenfeld HC. The Continued Challenges in the Diagnosis of Acute Pelvic Inflammatory Disease: Focus on Clinically Mild Disease. J Infect Dis 2021; 224:S75-S79. [PMID: 34396404 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Many women with lower genital tract infections associated with sexually transmitted pathogens have evidence of upper genital tract inflammation despite the absence of symptoms and signs traditionally associated with pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). New biomarkers are needed to identify these women with clinically mild PID or subclinical PID (silent salpingitis) to facilitate initiation of early treatment and ameliorate the sequelae associated with upper genital tract infection and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David E Soper
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Harold C Wiesenfeld
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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17
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Khan KN, Fujishita A, Muto H, Masumoto H, Ogawa K, Koshiba A, Mori T, Itoh K, Teramukai S, Matsuda K, Nakashima M, Kitawaki J. Levofloxacin or gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist treatment decreases intrauterine microbial colonization in human endometriosis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2021; 264:103-116. [PMID: 34298448 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2021.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined the hypothesis that antibiotic treatment with or without gonadotropin releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) may decrease intrauterine infection with consequent decrease in tissue inflammation, cell proliferation and angiogenesis in human endometriosis. STUDY DESIGN This is a prospective non-randomized observational study. Endometrial/endometriotic samples were collected during surgery from 53 women with endometriosis and 47 control women who were treated with levofloxacin (LVFX, 500 mg, once per os) or GnRHa (1.88 mg/IM for 3 months) before surgery. Endometrial samples were analyzed by broad-range polymerase-chain reaction (PCR) amplification of bacteria targeting V5-V6 region of 16S rRNA gene. Immunohistochemical analysis was performed using antibodies against CD138 (Syndecan-1, a marker of plasma cells), CD68 (marker of macrophages), Ki-67 (cell proliferation marker), and CD31 (vascular cells marker). RESULTS 16S rDNA metagenome assay indicated that treatment with either of LVFX or GnRHa + LVFX significantly decreased some components of major bacterial genera comparing to untreated group. In women with endometriosis, treatment with either of LVFX or GnRHa + LVFX significantly decreased Gardnerella, Prevotella, Acidibactor, Atopobium, Megasphaera, and Bradyrhizobium (p < 0.05 for each) comparing to untreated group. Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test indicated that occurrence rate of chronic endometritis was significantly decreased after GnRHa + LVFX treatment comparing to GnRHa treatment group (p = 0.041). These findings were coincided with significantly decreased CD68-stained macrophage infiltration, Ki-67- stained cell proliferation and CD31-stained micro-vessel density in endometria and endometriotic lesions with histology proven improvement in the morphological appearance of ovarian endometrioma. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that clinical administration of a broad-spectrum antibiotic with or without GnRHa may be effective in improving uterine infection with decrease of tissue inflammation, cell proliferation, and angiogenesis in human endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaleque N Khan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, 602-8566 Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Akira Fujishita
- Department of Gynecology, Saiseikai Nagasaki Hospital, 2-5-1, Katafuchi, 850-0000 Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hideki Muto
- Biomedical Research Support Center, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, 852-8523 Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Masumoto
- Biomedical Research Support Center, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, 852-8523 Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kanae Ogawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, 602-8566 Kyoto, Japan
| | - Akemi Koshiba
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, 602-8566 Kyoto, Japan
| | - Taisuke Mori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, 602-8566 Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kyoko Itoh
- Department of Pathology and Applied Neurobiology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, 602-8566 Kyoto, Japan
| | - Satoshi Teramukai
- Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, 602-8566 Kyoto, Japan
| | - Katsuya Matsuda
- Department of Molecular and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, 852-8523 Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakashima
- Department of Molecular and Diagnostic Pathology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, 852-8523 Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Jo Kitawaki
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465 Kajii-cho, Kamigyo-ku, 602-8566 Kyoto, Japan
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18
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Reduced uterine tissue damage during Chlamydia muridarum infection in TREM-1,3 deficient mice. Infect Immun 2021; 89:e0007221. [PMID: 34125599 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00072-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Genital infections with Chlamydia trachomatis can lead to uterine and oviduct tissue damage in the female reproductive tract. Neutrophils are strongly associated with tissue damage during chlamydial infection, while an adaptive CD4 T cell response is necessary to combat infection. Activation of triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1 (TREM-1) on neutrophils has previously been shown to induce and/or enhance degranulation synergistically with TLR-signaling. Additionally, TREM-1 can promote neutrophil transepithelial migration. In this study, we sought to determine the contribution of TREM-1,3 in immunopathology in the female mouse genital tract during Chlamydia muridarum infection. Relative to control mice, trem1,3-/- mice had no difference in chlamydial burden or duration of lower genital tract infection. We also observed a similar incidence of oviduct hydrosalpinx 45 days post-infection in trem1,3-/- compared to WT mice. However, compared to WT, trem1,3-/- mice developed significantly fewer uterine horn hydrometra. Early in infection, trem1,3-/- mice displayed a notable decrease in the number of uterine glands containing polymorphonuclear cells and uterine horn lumens had fewer neutrophils, with increased G-CSF. Trem1,3-/- mice also had reduced erosion of the luminal epithelium. These data indicate TREM-1,3 contributes to transepithelial neutrophil migration in the uterus and uterine glands, promoting the development of uterine hydrometra in infected mice.
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19
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D Helble J, N Starnbach M. T cell responses to Chlamydia. Pathog Dis 2021; 79:6164867. [PMID: 33693620 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftab014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis is the most commonly reported sexually transmitted infection in the United States. The high prevalence of infection and lack of a vaccine indicate a critical knowledge gap surrounding the host's response to infection and how to effectively generate protective immunity. The immune response to C. trachomatis is complex, with cells of the adaptive immune system playing a crucial role in bacterial clearance. Here, we discuss the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell response to Chlamydia, the importance of antigen specificity and the role of memory T cells during the recall response. Ultimately, a deeper understanding of protective immune responses is necessary to develop a vaccine that prevents the inflammatory diseases associated with Chlamydia infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer D Helble
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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20
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Tersoglio AE, Salatino DR, Tersoglio S, Castro M, Gonzalez A. Normalization of endometrial histopathology and endometrial NK cells concentration predict successful pregnancy in repeated implantation failure. JBRA Assist Reprod 2021; 25:59-70. [PMID: 33094607 PMCID: PMC7863109 DOI: 10.5935/1518-0557.20200049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The primary objective was to establish the endometrial predictors of clinical pregnancy in a population of repeated implantation failure with oocyte donation after specific endometrial treatment. The secondary one was to evaluate reproduction outcomes in terms of Implantation rate (IR), Clinical pregnancy (CP), Live birth delivery rate (LBDR) and Prematurity, in relation to normalization or no-normalization of the predictors. METHODS 66 patients were assigned to the study. We ran a Pipelle endometrial biopsy to investigate the endometrium lymphocyte population by Flow Cytometry and abnormal/normal patterns by histopathology in pre/post-treatment. We employed the binary logistic regression model to identify the predictors for CP. For the secondary objective, we assessed the clinical outcomes in function to the normalization or no normalization in post-treatment. RESULTS Endometrial histopathology and endometrial NK cell counts resulted in CP predictors (Wald chi2 test (p=0.044 and 0.001)), respectively. We had a higher IR, CP and LBDR when both predictors were normalized in comparison with no normalization (p<0.001). There was a high percentage of prematurity in both normalized vs. non-normalized groups (34.4% (11/32) and 71.43% (5/7), respectively) without significant differences. CONCLUSION Endometrial histopathology and endometrial NK cell counts showed that they are valid predictors of pregnancy outcome in repeated implantation failure after treatment. In post-treatment, the pregnancy outcomes were significantly higher in the presence of both normalized predictors. Pregnancy rates were zero in the no-normalization of both predictors. There was a high percentage of prematurity in both groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto E. Tersoglio
- Private setting, International Center for Assisted Reproduction, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Dante R. Salatino
- Private setting, International Center for Assisted Reproduction, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Sebastian Tersoglio
- Private setting, International Center for Assisted Reproduction, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Matías Castro
- Private setting, International Center for Assisted Reproduction, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Adriana Gonzalez
- Immunology Laboratory, Academics Units, National University of Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
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21
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Buzzaccarini G, Vitagliano A, Andrisani A, Santarsiero CM, Cicinelli R, Nardelli C, Ambrosini G, Cicinelli E. Chronic endometritis and altered embryo implantation: a unified pathophysiological theory from a literature systematic review. J Assist Reprod Genet 2020; 37:2897-2911. [PMID: 33025403 PMCID: PMC7714873 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-020-01955-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Chronic endometritis (CE) is a frequent hysteroscopic and histological finding which affects embryo transfer implantation during IVF-ICSI cycles. In particular, CE impairs proper decidualization and, subsequently, implantation. Although this correlation has been clearly clarified, a pathophysiological explanation assembling all the studies performed has not been elucidated yet. For this reason, we have structured a systematic review considering all the original articles that evaluated a pathological element involved in CE and implantation impairment. METHODS The authors searched electronic databases and, after screening, collected 15 original articles. These were fully scanned and used to create a summary pathway. RESULTS CE is primarily caused by infections, which lead to a specific cytokine and leukocyte pattern in order to prepare the uterus to fight the noxa. In particular, the immunosuppression requested for a proper semi-allogenic embryo transfer implantation is converted into an immunoreaction, which hampers correct embryo implantation. Moreover, endometrial vascularization is affected and both irregular vessel density and luminal thickening and thrombosis reduce what we have first identified as endometrial flow reserve. Finally, incorrect uterine wave propagation could affect embryo contact with decidua. CONCLUSION This is the first summary of evidence on CE pathophysiology and its relationship with infertility. Understanding the CE pathophysiology could improve our knowledge in embryo transfer success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Buzzaccarini
- Gynecological Clinic, UOS Medically Assisted Procreation, University of Padova, via Nicolò Giustiniani 3, Padova, Italy.
| | - Amerigo Vitagliano
- Gynecological Clinic, UOS Medically Assisted Procreation, University of Padova, via Nicolò Giustiniani 3, Padova, Italy
| | - Alessandra Andrisani
- Gynecological Clinic, UOS Medically Assisted Procreation, University of Padova, via Nicolò Giustiniani 3, Padova, Italy
| | - Carla Mariaflavia Santarsiero
- Second Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "A. Moro", Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari, Italy
| | - Rossana Cicinelli
- Second Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "A. Moro", Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari, Italy
| | - Claudia Nardelli
- Second Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "A. Moro", Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari, Italy
| | - Guido Ambrosini
- Gynecological Clinic, UOS Medically Assisted Procreation, University of Padova, via Nicolò Giustiniani 3, Padova, Italy
| | - Ettore Cicinelli
- Second Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari "A. Moro", Piazza G. Cesare 11, Bari, Italy
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22
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Li Y, Xu S, Yu S, Huang C, Lin S, Chen W, Mo M, Lian R, Diao L, Ding L, Zeng Y. Diagnosis of chronic endometritis: How many CD138 + cells/HPF in endometrial stroma affect pregnancy outcome of infertile women? Am J Reprod Immunol 2020; 85:e13369. [PMID: 33152123 DOI: 10.1111/aji.13369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM The definition of chronic endometritis (CE) differs among studies, and currently, there is no accepted consensus. This study aimed to establish the minimum number of immunohistochemical analysis of CD138+ plasma cells to identify a clinically relevant CE. METHOD OF STUDY We performed a retrospective study on 716 infertile patients who never did CE analysis and respective antibiotic treatment before. Samples were obtained by endometrial scratching in the mid-luteal phase before IVF-ET treatment. The number and distribution of CD138+ cells were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Thirty high-power fields (HPF) were evaluated for each sample. Patients were classified in 2 main groups: (a) CD138low (<5 CD138+ cells in all HPFs), (b) CD138high (≥5 CD138+ cells in at least one HPF). Pregnancy outcome was compared among the groups. RESULTS In the CD138high group, β-hCG positive rate, clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate were significantly decreased (P = .04, P = .01, P = .04, respectively). Also after adjusting for patient age, body mass index (BMI), and clinical characteristics, the β-hCG positive rate (P = .05), clinical pregnancy rate (P = .01) and live birth rate (P = .02) were significantly lower in the CD138high than those in the CD138low group. Within the CD138low group, these parameters were not significantly different between patients without any plasma cells and patients with up to 4 plasma cells/HPF. CONCLUSION We conclude that immunohistochemical analysis of CD138+ cells is a reliable method to detect CE which can be identified by the presence of ≥5 plasma cells in at least one out of 30 HPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuye Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shiru Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shuyi Yu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunyu Huang
- Department of Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shenglai Lin
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wanru Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meilan Mo
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ruochun Lian
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lianghui Diao
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lijun Ding
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology (Shandong University), Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Drum Tower Clinic Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China.,Clinical Center for Stem Cell Research, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Zeng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproduction and Genetics, Fertility Center, Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Duncan SA, Sahu R, Dixit S, Singh SR, Dennis VA. Suppressors of Cytokine Signaling (SOCS)1 and SOCS3 Proteins Are Mediators of Interleukin-10 Modulation of Inflammatory Responses Induced by Chlamydia muridarum and Its Major Outer Membrane Protein (MOMP) in Mouse J774 Macrophages. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:7461742. [PMID: 32684836 PMCID: PMC7333066 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7461742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The immunopathology of chlamydial diseases is exacerbated by a broad-spectrum of inflammatory mediators, which we reported are inhibited by IL-10 in macrophages. However, the chlamydial protein moiety that induces the inflammatory mediators and the mechanisms by which IL-10 inhibits them are unknown. We hypothesized that Chlamydia major outer membrane protein (MOMP) mediates its disease pathogenesis, and the suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS)1 and SOCS3 proteins are mediators of the IL-10 inhibitory actions. Our hypothesis was tested by exposing mouse J774 macrophages to chlamydial stimulants (live Chlamydia muridarum and MOMP) with and without IL-10. MOMP significantly induced several inflammatory mediators (IL-6, IL-12p40, CCL5, CXCL10), which were dose-dependently inhibited by IL-10. Chlamydial stimulants induced the mRNA gene transcripts and protein expression of SOCS1 and SOCS3, with more SOCS3 expression. Notably, IL-10 reciprocally regulated their expression by reducing SOCS1 and increasing SOCS3. Specific inhibitions of MAPK pathways revealed that p38, JNK, and MEK1/2 are required for inducing inflammatory mediators as well as SOCS1 and SOCS3. Chlamydial stimulants triggered an M1 pro-inflammatory phenotype evidently by an enhanced nos2 (M1 marker) expression, which was skewed by IL-10 towards a more M2 anti-inflammatory phenotype by the increased expression of mrc1 and arg1 (M2 markers) and the reduced SOCS1/SOCS3 ratios. Neutralization of endogenously produced IL-10 augmented the secretion of inflammatory mediators, reduced SOCS3 expression, and skewed the chlamydial M1 to an M2 phenotype. Inhibition of proteasome degradation increased TNF but decreased IL-10, CCL5, and CXCL10 secretion by suppressing SOCS1 and SOCS3 expressions and dysregulating their STAT1 and STAT3 transcription factors. Our data show that SOCS1 and SOCS3 are regulators of IL-10 inhibitory actions, and underscore SOCS proteins as therapeutic targets for IL-10 control of inflammation for Chlamydia and other bacterial inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Skyla A. Duncan
- Center for NanoBiotechnology Research (CNBR), Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, 1627 Harris Way, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA
| | - Rajnish Sahu
- Center for NanoBiotechnology Research (CNBR), Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, 1627 Harris Way, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA
| | - Saurabh Dixit
- Center for NanoBiotechnology Research (CNBR), Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, 1627 Harris Way, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA
| | - Shree R. Singh
- Center for NanoBiotechnology Research (CNBR), Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, 1627 Harris Way, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA
| | - Vida A. Dennis
- Center for NanoBiotechnology Research (CNBR), Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, 1627 Harris Way, Montgomery, AL 36104, USA
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24
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Piao J, Lee EJ, Lee M. Association between pelvic inflammatory disease and risk of ovarian cancer: An updated meta-analysis. Gynecol Oncol 2020; 157:542-548. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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25
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Zhong W, Dong L, Poston TB, Darville T, Spracklen CN, Wu D, Mohlke KL, Li Y, Li Q, Zheng X. Inferring Regulatory Networks From Mixed Observational Data Using Directed Acyclic Graphs. Front Genet 2020; 11:8. [PMID: 32127796 PMCID: PMC7038820 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Construction of regulatory networks using cross-sectional expression profiling of genes is desired, but challenging. The Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) provides a general framework to infer causal effects from observational data. However, most existing DAG methods assume that all nodes follow the same type of distribution, which prohibit a joint modeling of continuous gene expression and categorical variables. We present a new mixed DAG (mDAG) algorithm to infer the regulatory pathway from mixed observational data containing both continuous variables (e.g. expression of genes) and categorical variables (e.g. categorical phenotypes or single nucleotide polymorphisms). Our method can identify upstream causal factors and downstream effectors closely linked to a variable and generate hypotheses for causal direction of regulatory pathways. We propose a new permutation method to test the conditional independence of variables of mixed types, which is the key for mDAG. We also utilize an L1 regularization in mDAG to ensure it can recover a large sparse DAG with limited sample size. We demonstrate through extensive simulations that mDAG outperforms two well-known methods in recovering the true underlying DAG. We apply mDAG to a cross-sectional immunological study of Chlamydia trachomatis infection and successfully infer the regularity network of cytokines. We also apply mDAG to a large cohort study, generating sensible mechanistic hypotheses underlying plasma adiponectin level. The R package mDAG is publicly available from CRAN at https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=mDAG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wujuan Zhong
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Li Dong
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Taylor B Poston
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Toni Darville
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Cassandra N Spracklen
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.,Department of Oral and Craniofacial Health Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.,Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Quefeng Li
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Xiaojing Zheng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.,Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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26
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Barrientos-Durán A, Fuentes-López A, de Salazar A, Plaza-Díaz J, García F. Reviewing the Composition of Vaginal Microbiota: Inclusion of Nutrition and Probiotic Factors in the Maintenance of Eubiosis. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020419. [PMID: 32041107 PMCID: PMC7071153 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The vaginal microbiota has importance in preserving vaginal health and defending the host against disease. The advent of new molecular techniques and computer science has allowed researchers to discover microbial composition in depth and associate the structure of vaginal microbial communities. There is a consensus that vaginal flora is grouped into a restricted number of communities, although the structure of the community is constantly changing. Certain Community-State Types (CSTs) are more associated with poor reproductive outcomes and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) meanwhile, CSTs dominated by Lactobacillus species—particularly Lactobacillus crispatus—are more related to vaginal health. In this work, we have reviewed how modifiable and non-modifiable factors may affect normal vaginal microbiota homeostasis—including sexual behavior, race or ethnicity, and hygiene. Special interest has been given to how the use of probiotics, diet intake, and use of hormone replacement therapies (HRTs) can potentially impact vaginal microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Barrientos-Durán
- Hospital Clínico Universitario San Cecilio, Servicio de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigación ibs. GRANADA, Avenida de la Ilustración S/N, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Ana Fuentes-López
- Hospital Clínico Universitario San Cecilio, Servicio de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigación ibs. GRANADA, Avenida de la Ilustración S/N, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Adolfo de Salazar
- Hospital Clínico Universitario San Cecilio, Servicio de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigación ibs. GRANADA, Avenida de la Ilustración S/N, 18016 Granada, Spain
| | - Julio Plaza-Díaz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology “José Mataix”, Biomedical Research Center, University of Granada, Armilla, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs GRANADA, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Federico García
- Hospital Clínico Universitario San Cecilio, Servicio de Microbiología, Instituto de Investigación ibs. GRANADA, Avenida de la Ilustración S/N, 18016 Granada, Spain
- Correspondence:
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27
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Li Y, Yu S, Huang C, Lian R, Chen C, Liu S, Li L, Diao L, Markert UR, Zeng Y. Evaluation of peripheral and uterine immune status of chronic endometritis in patients with recurrent reproductive failure. Fertil Steril 2020; 113:187-196.e1. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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28
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Guo J, Wang Y, Jiang P, Yao H, Zhao C, Hu X, Cao Y, Zhang N, Fu Y, Shen H. Sodium butyrate alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced endometritis in mice through inhibiting inflammatory response. Microb Pathog 2019; 137:103792. [PMID: 31605760 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Endometritis is commonly occurred in dairy cows after calving and results in a great deal of property damage. Although numerous studies have been performed to find the therapeutic agents for endometritis, the incidence of this disease remains high. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the major metabolic products of anaerobic bacteria fermentation in the gut, have been reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of sodium butyrate (SB) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced endometritis in mice. The mice were administered by intraperitoneal injection of SB at 1 h before LPS injection. 24 h later, the uterus tissues were collected. Hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) stained sections of uterus were used to determine the degree of the damage. Uterine myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity was used to analyze neutrophil granulocytes concentration. The levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) were measured by ELISA. The activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway proteins were detected by Western blot analysis. The results showed that SB significantly attenuated the pathological injury of the uterus tissues. SB also suppressed LPS-induced MPO activity and the production of inflammatory cytokines TNF-α and IL-1β. Furthermore, Western blot analysis showed that SB inhibited the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway. In addition, SB could inhibit histone deacetylases. In summary, SB protects against LPS-induced endometritis through HDAC inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Guo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, PR China
| | - Yinan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Hospital Affiliated of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130041, China
| | - Peng Jiang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, PR China
| | - Hongmei Yao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, PR China
| | - Caijun Zhao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Hu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, PR China
| | - Yongguo Cao
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, PR China
| | - Naisheng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, PR China
| | - Yunhe Fu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, PR China
| | - Haiqing Shen
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130062, PR China.
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Abstract
Seven cases of actinomycotic endometritis were identified among 28,906 endometrial biopsies performed in the last 10 yr. The patients' ages ranged from 44 to 85 yr old. An intrauterine device was in place from 7 to 44 yr. The reasons to perform the biopsies included abnormal uterine bleeding, malodor, prolapse, pelvic inflammatory disease, and suspicion of metastatic uterine sarcoma. Definitive identification of Actinomyces israelii by culture was obtained in 1 case only. Gram, Gomori methenamine silver, and Fite stains were useful in the differential diagnosis with pseudoactinomycotic granules, Nocardia, fungi, and other bacteria. The Actinomyces-like organisms were surrounded by extensive suppurative reaction in all cases. The tissues showed florid neutrophilic and plasmacytic inflammation. The treatment consisted of intrauterine device removal and 10 to 30 d of antibiotics in 4 patients. The Actinomyces-like organisms persisted for 6 wk in spite of antibiotic therapy when the intrauterine device removal was delayed in one of those cases. Two patients had hysterectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy due to tubo-ovarian abscess and hysterectomy, salpingo-oophorectomy, and rectosigmoid excision due to pelvic abscess and septic emboli, both followed by 30 to 45 d of antibiotic therapy. One patient had hysterectomy not followed by antibiotics due to prolapse. No other pelvic abscesses were identified on follow-up, which ranged from 4 to 101 mo (median, 20 mo; mean, 44 mo).
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30
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31
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Tai FW, Chang CYY, Chiang JH, Lin WC, Wan L. Association of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease with Risk of Endometriosis: A Nationwide Cohort Study Involving 141,460 Individuals. J Clin Med 2018; 7:jcm7110379. [PMID: 30352985 PMCID: PMC6262473 DOI: 10.3390/jcm7110379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Revised: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis occurs when endometrial tissue exists outside the uterine cavity. The presence of ectopic endometrial tissue and resultant inflammation cause serious symptoms, including chronic pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, and infertility. Pelvic inflammatory disease is caused by the ascension of pathogenic bacteria from the vagina to the uterus, Fallopian tubes, and ovaries. The factors involved in the pathogenesis of the two conditions are not clearly understood, but recent studies have suggested that disturbances of the female reproductive tract microbiota and inflammatory processes influence the development of both diseases. Using data from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD), we conducted a study to assess the association of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) with endometriosis. An age-matched control group including patients without PID was selected. Patients with a pre-existing diagnosis of endometriosis were excluded. This nationwide retrospective cohort study, involving a total of 141,460 patients, demonstrated that patients with PID had a three-fold increase in the risk of developing endometriosis (HR = 3.02, 95% CI = 2.85–3.2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Wu Tai
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Cherry Yin-Yi Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
| | - Jen-Huai Chiang
- Management Office for Health Data, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Wu-Chou Lin
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
| | - Lei Wan
- School of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan.
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan.
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32
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Zheng X, O'Connell CM, Zhong W, Poston TB, Wiesenfeld HC, Hillier SL, Trent M, Gaydos C, Tseng G, Taylor BD, Darville T. Gene Expression Signatures Can Aid Diagnosis of Sexually Transmitted Infection-Induced Endometritis in Women. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018; 8:307. [PMID: 30294592 PMCID: PMC6158555 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexually transmitted infection (STI) of the upper reproductive tract can result in inflammation and infertility. A biomarker of STI-induced upper tract inflammation would be significant as many women are asymptomatic and delayed treatment increases risk of sequelae. Blood mRNA from 111 women from three cohorts was profiled using microarray. Unsupervised analysis revealed a transcriptional profile that distinguished 9 cases of STI-induced endometritis from 18 with cervical STI or uninfected controls. Using a hybrid feature selection algorithm we identified 21 genes that yielded maximal classification accuracy within our training dataset. Predictive accuracy was evaluated using an independent testing dataset of 5 cases and 10 controls. Sensitivity was evaluated in a separate test set of 12 women with asymptomatic STI-induced endometritis in whom cervical burden was determined by PCR; and specificity in an additional test set of 15 uninfected women with pelvic pain due to unknown cause. Disease module preservation was assessed in 42 women with a clinical diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). We also tested the ability of the biomarker to discriminate STI-induced endometritis from other diseases. The biomarker was 86.7% (13/15) accurate in correctly distinguishing cases from controls in the testing dataset. Sensitivity was 83.3% (5/6) in women with high cervical Chlamydia trachomatis burden and asymptomatic endometritis, but 0% (0/6) in women with low burden. Specificity in patients with non-STI-induced pelvic pain was 86.7% (13/15). Disease modules were preserved in all 8 biomarker predicted cases. The 21-gene biomarker was highly discriminatory for systemic infections, lupus, and appendicitis, but wrongly predicted tuberculosis as STI-induced endometritis in 52.4%. A 21-gene biomarker can identify asymptomatic women with STI-induced endometritis that places them at risk for chronic disease development and discriminate STI-induced endometritis from non-STI pelvic pain and other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Catherine M O'Connell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Wujuan Zhong
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Taylor B Poston
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Harold C Wiesenfeld
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Sharon L Hillier
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, United States.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Maria Trent
- Section on Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Charlotte Gaydos
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - George Tseng
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Brandie D Taylor
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Toni Darville
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
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Frølund M, Wikström A, Lidbrink P, Abu Al-Soud W, Larsen N, Harder CB, Sørensen SJ, Jensen JS, Ahrens P. The bacterial microbiota in first-void urine from men with and without idiopathic urethritis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201380. [PMID: 30052651 PMCID: PMC6063444 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-gonococcal urethritis (NGU) is a common syndrome in men. NGU may have several causes, but many cases are caused by sexually transmitted infections that may also cause complications in their female partners. Chlamydia trachomatis and Mycoplasma genitalium are the most common causes of NGU, but in up to 35% of the cases, none of the known viral or bacterial causes are found. Traditionally, pathogens have been detected using various culture techniques that may not identify all species present in the urethra. To address this, we used culture-independent methods for analysis of the male urethral microbiota. Methods This case-control study analysed first void urine samples, collected at STD clinics in Stockholm, Sweden from men with idiopathic urethritis (IU), i.e. negative for Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma genitalium, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Trichomonas vaginalis, adenovirus, and herpes simplex virus type 1 and -2 together with samples from men without urethritis. Forty-six controls and 39 idiopathic urethritis patients were analysed. Results The microbiota was highly diverse: None of the 302 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) found in negative controls and IU patients were found in all of the samples or even in all of the samples in one group. More than 50% of the OTUs were only found in one or two of the total of 85 samples. Still the most dominant 1/6 of the genera constituted 79% of the sequences. Hierarchical clustering in a heatmap showed no specific clustering of patients or controls. A number of IU patient samples were dominated by a single genus previously related to urethritis (Gardnerella, Haemophilus, Ureaplasma). Conclusion The male urethra contain a very diverse composition of bacteria, even in healthy controls. NGU may be caused by a number of different bacteria but more studies including a higher number of samples are needed for elucidation of the role of each species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Frølund
- Department of Bacteriology, Parasitology and Mycology, Research Unit for Reproductive Tract Microbiology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Arne Wikström
- Department of Dermato-venereology, Karolinska University Hospital and Institute of Medicine Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Peter Lidbrink
- Department of Dermato-venereology, Karolinska University Hospital and Institute of Medicine Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | | | - Christoffer Bugge Harder
- Department of Bacteriology, Parasitology and Mycology, Research Unit for Reproductive Tract Microbiology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Jørgen Skov Jensen
- Department of Bacteriology, Parasitology and Mycology, Research Unit for Reproductive Tract Microbiology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Ahrens
- Department of Bacteriology, Parasitology and Mycology, Research Unit for Reproductive Tract Microbiology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark
- * E-mail:
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Kitaya K, Takeuchi T, Mizuta S, Matsubayashi H, Ishikawa T. Endometritis: new time, new concepts. Fertil Steril 2018; 110:344-350. [PMID: 29960704 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Endometritis is subdivided into two categories. Acute endometritis is symptomatic and characterized by microabscess formation and neutrophil invasion in the endometrial superficial epithelium, gland lumina, and uterine cavity. Chronic endometritis is rather silent and recognized as unusual plasmacyte infiltration in the endometrial stromal areas. Over the last decade, studies have disclosed the potential association between poor reproductive outcomes and endometritis, particularly chronic endometritis. The aim of this review is to address the current literature surrounding chronic endometritis and highlight recent advances in the research of this long-neglected gynecologic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Kitaya
- Reproduction Clinic Osaka, Osaka, Japan; Department of Anatomy and Cell Science, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan.
| | | | - Shimpei Mizuta
- Reproduction Clinic Osaka, Osaka, Japan; Reproduction Clinic Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Tomomoto Ishikawa
- Reproduction Clinic Osaka, Osaka, Japan; Reproduction Clinic Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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Bafor EE, Onwukpa I, Itemire AO, Omoruyi O, Eferoba-Idio E, Odega K, Eghianruwa OJ. Amelioration ofEscherichia coli-induced endometritis with ascorbic acid in non-pregnant mouse models. Am J Reprod Immunol 2018; 80:e12976. [DOI: 10.1111/aji.12976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Enitome Evi Bafor
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology; University of Benin; Benin City Edo State Nigeria
| | - Ikechukwu Onwukpa
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology; University of Benin; Benin City Edo State Nigeria
| | - Anne Oghenekevwe Itemire
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Benin; Benin City Edo State Nigeria
| | - Osemelomen Omoruyi
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology; University of Benin; Benin City Edo State Nigeria
| | | | - Kevin Odega
- Department of Histopathology and Morbid Anatomy; University of Benin Teaching Hospital; Benin City Nigeria
| | - Osas Jim Eghianruwa
- Department of Anatomy; School of Basic Medical Sciences; University of Benin; Benin City Nigeria
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Taylor BD, Zheng X, O'Connell CM, Wiesenfeld HC, Hillier SL, Darville T. Risk factors for Mycoplasma genitalium endometritis and incident infection: a secondary data analysis of the T cell Response Against Chlamydia (TRAC) Study. Sex Transm Infect 2018; 94:414-420. [PMID: 29563165 DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2017-053376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Assess risk factors for incident and endometrial Mycoplasma genitalium infection and determine if M. genitalium is associated with histological endometritis, an indicator of pelvic inflammatory disease. METHODS This study was a secondary data analysis within the T cell Response Against Chlamydia (TRAC) Study, a prospective evaluation of 246 women with or at risk for Chlamydia trachomatis from urban outpatient clinics, who were followed quarterly for 12 months. Risk factors for incident M. genitalium infection were determined by Cox regression. Relative risks were estimated by Poisson regression with robust error measurements for models examining the association between M. genitalium and endometritis (histological evidence of plasma cells in endometrial stroma and neutrophils in the endometrial epithelium) and for models examining risk factors for detection of endometrial M. genitalium infection. RESULTS M. genitalium prevalence was 16.7%, incidence was 25.3 per 100 person-years and 23% had repeated positive tests. Black race (non-black HRadj 0.4, 95% CI 0.2 to 0.9), less education (HRadj 2.4, 95% CI 1.2 to 5.1) and a new sexual partner (HRadj 3.1, 95% CI 1.7 to 5.4) were associated with incident M. genitalium. M. genitalium was associated with endometritis (RRadj 2.0, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.7). Trichomonas vaginalis (RRadj 2.0, 95% CI 1.2 to 3.4) and endometrial C. trachomatis (RRadj 1.7, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.8) were associated with endometrial M. genitalium. CONCLUSIONS M. genitalium is prevalent in women at high risk for C. trachomatis, persists over multiple follow-up visits and is associated with histological endometritis. Studies are needed to determine if screening for M. genitalium will improve reproductive outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandie D Taylor
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaojing Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Catherine M O'Connell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Harold C Wiesenfeld
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh and Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sharon L Hillier
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh and Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Toni Darville
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Zheng X, O'Connell CM, Zhong W, Nagarajan UM, Tripathy M, Lee D, Russell AN, Wiesenfeld H, Hillier S, Darville T. Discovery of Blood Transcriptional Endotypes in Women with Pelvic Inflammatory Disease. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2018. [PMID: 29531169 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1701658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sexually transmitted infections with Chlamydia trachomatis and/or Neisseria gonorrhoeae and rates of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in women continue to rise, with reinfection being common because of poor adaptive immunity. Diagnosis remains imprecise, and pathogenesis data are derived primarily from monoinfection of mice with C. trachomatis or N. gonorrhoeae By comparing blood mRNA responses of women with C. trachomatis- and/or N. gonorrhoeae-induced PID and histologic endometritis with those from women with C. trachomatis and/or N. gonorrhoeae infection limited to their cervix and asymptomatic uninfected women determined via microarray, we discovered important pathogenic mechanisms in PID and response differences that provide a pathway to biomarker discovery. Women with N. gonorrhoeae- and/or C. trachomatis-induced PID exhibit overexpression of myeloid cell genes and suppression of protein synthesis, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and T cell-specific genes. Coinfected women exhibited the greatest activation of cell death pathways and suppression of responses essential for adaptive immunity. Women solely infected with C. trachomatis expressed elevated levels of type I and type II IFN genes, and enhanced type I IFN-induced chemokines in cervical secretions were associated with ascension of C. trachomatis to the endometrium. Blood microarrays reveal discrete pathobiological endotypes in women with PID that are driven by pathogen invasion of the upper genital tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Zheng
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Catherine M O'Connell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Wujuan Zhong
- Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Uma M Nagarajan
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Manoj Tripathy
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - De'Ashia Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599; and
| | - Ali N Russell
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599
| | - Harold Wiesenfeld
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599; and.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Sharon Hillier
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599; and.,Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Magee-Womens Research Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213
| | - Toni Darville
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599;
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Lehr S, Vier J, Häcker G, Kirschnek S. Activation of neutrophils by Chlamydia trachomatis-infected epithelial cells is modulated by the chlamydial plasmid. Microbes Infect 2018; 20:284-292. [PMID: 29499390 DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2018.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common bacterial agent of sexually transmitted disease world-wide. Chlamydia trachomatis primarily infects epithelial cells of the genital tract but the infection may be associated with ascending infection. Infection-associated inflammation can cause tissue damage resulting in female infertility and ectopic pregnancy. The precise mechanism of inflammatory tissue damage is unclear but earlier studies implicate the chlamydial cryptic plasmid as well as responding neutrophils. We here rebuilt the interaction of Chlamydia trachomatis-infected epithelial cells and neutrophils in-vitro. During infection of human (HeLa) or mouse (oviduct) epithelial cells with Chlamydia trachomatis, a soluble factor was produced that attracted neutrophils and prolonged neutrophil survival, independently of Toll-like receptor signaling but dependent on the chlamydial plasmid. A number of cytokines, but most strongly GM-CSF, were secreted at higher amounts from cells infected with plasmid-bearing, compared to plasmid-deficient, bacteria. Blocking GM-CSF removed the secreted pro-survival activity towards neutrophils. A second, neutrophil TNF-stimulatory activity was detected in supernatants, requiring MyD88 or TRIF independently of the plasmid. The results identify two pro-inflammatory activities generated during chlamydial infection of epithelial cells and suggest that the epithelial cell, partly through the chlamydial plasmid, can initiate a myeloid immune response and inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Lehr
- Institute for Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 11, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Juliane Vier
- Institute for Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 11, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Georg Häcker
- Institute for Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 11, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Susanne Kirschnek
- Institute for Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 11, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.
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Moore KR, Smith JS, Cole SR, Dittmer DP, Schoenbach VJ, Baird DD. Chlamydia trachomatis Seroprevalence and Ultrasound-Diagnosed Uterine Fibroids in a Large Population of Young African-American Women. Am J Epidemiol 2018. [PMID: 28637238 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwx231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Reproductive tract infections have long been hypothesized to increase the risk of uterine fibroids. Few studies have been conducted, even for the common infection genital Chlamydia trachomatis (gCT), and only with self-reported gCT data. Our investigation used micro-immunofluorescence serology for gCT to characterize past exposure. We used cross-sectional enrollment data from a prospective fibroid study carried out in the Detroit, Michigan, area; ultrasound examinations systematically screened for fibroids. Participants were African-American women aged 23-34 years (recruited in 2010-2012). Age- and multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios. A total of 1,587 women (94% of participants) had unequivocal gCT serology results; 22% had fibroids. Those who were seropositive for gCT were less likely to have fibroids (age-adjusted odds ratio = 0.68, 95% confidence interval: 0.54, 0.87; multivariable-adjusted odds ratio = 0.80, 95% confidence interval: 0.62, 1.03). Inverse associations were similar across categories of fibroid size, number, and total volume. Participant groups likely to have had multiple or severe infections (multiple serovar groups, more sex partners, clinically diagnosed chlamydia) all showed statistically significantly reduced odds of fibroids. A protective association of gCT with fibroids was unexpected but plausible. gCT infection might increase immune surveillance and eliminate early lesions. Further investigation on the relationship between fibroid development and reproductive tract infections is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristen R Moore
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
| | - Jennifer S Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Stephen R Cole
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Dirk P Dittmer
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Victor J Schoenbach
- Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Donna D Baird
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina
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Taylor BD, Totten PA, Astete SG, Ferris MJ, Martin DH, Ness RB, Haggerty CL. Toll-like receptor variants and cervical Atopobium vaginae infection in women with pelvic inflammatory disease. Am J Reprod Immunol 2018; 79:10.1111/aji.12804. [PMID: 29286178 PMCID: PMC5826617 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PROBLEM Toll-like (TLR) receptor genetic variants have been implicated in bacterial vaginosis (BV). We determined whether TLR variants are associated with fastidious BV-associated microbes that are linked with infertility following pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). METHOD OF STUDY Sneathia spp., Atopobium vaginae, BVAB1, and Ureaplasma urealyticum were measured in 250 women from the PID Evaluation and Clinical Health (PEACH) study. Relative risk (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated adjusting for chlamydia and gonorrhea. Principal component analysis was used to adjust for population stratification. A false discovery rate q-value of 0.05 was significant. RESULTS TLR2-1733C>A (P = .003) and TLR2-616A>G (P = .004) were associated with cervical A. vaginae. TLR2-1733C>A and TLR6-438C>T were associated with A. vaginae detection in the endometrium, but this was not significant after adjustment for multiple comparisons (FDR q-value = 0.06). CONCLUSION Host gene variants in TLR2 signaling pathways were modestly associated with cervical A. vaginae in women with clinical PID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandie D Taylor
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Patricia A Totten
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Sabina G Astete
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael J Ferris
- Department of Pediatrics, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - David H Martin
- Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Roberta B Ness
- The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Catherine L Haggerty
- University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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Beena V, Pawaiya RVS, Gururaj K, Singh DD, Mishra AK, Gangwar NK, Gupta VK, Singh R, Sharma AK, Karikalan M, Kumar A. Molecular etiopathology of naturally occurring reproductive diseases in female goats. Vet World 2017; 10:964-972. [PMID: 28919691 PMCID: PMC5591487 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2017.964-972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of the present study was to investigate the molecular etiopathology of occurrence of reproductive diseases in female goats. Reproductive diseases in goats account for major economic losses to goat farmers in terms of valuable loss of offspring and animal productivity. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 660 female genitalia were examined for pathological conditions (macroscopic and microscopic lesions). The etiopathological study was carried out for the presence of pathogenic organisms such as Brucella, Chlamydia, and Campylobacter in the uterus and ovary. Based on the microscopic lesions, suspected samples were subjected to diagnostic polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for various etiological agents employing 16srRNA genus specific primers for Campylobacter and Chlamydophila and OMP31 gene-based PCR for Brucella melitensis and nested PCR using ITS-1 gene primers for Toxoplasma gondii. For Brucella suspected samples, immunohistochemistry (IHC) was also performed. RESULTS In studied female genitalia, 108 (16.30%) showed gross abnormalities with overall 23.32% occurrence of pathological conditions (macroscopic and microscopic lesions). Pathological involvement of the uterus was the highest 68 (62.96%), followed by the ovaries 27 (25%) and other organs. Major uterine condition observed was endometritis (5.60%). In uterine infections, 35 (5.30%) samples were found positive for Campylobacter spp., 12 (1.81%) samples for B. melitensis, and 3 (0.45%) samples were positive for Chlamydophila spp. Among the samples positive for B. melitensis by PCR, 3 were found positive by IHC also. Corynebacterium ovis was detected by PCR using specific primers in a case of hydrosalpinx. It was concluded that many pathological lesions in female genitalia of functional significance play a major role in infertility in goats. CONCLUSION The present study concluded that many pathological lesions in female genitalia of functional significance play a major role in infertility in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Beena
- Division of Animal Health, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura - 281 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R V S Pawaiya
- Division of Animal Health, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura - 281 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - K Gururaj
- Division of Animal Health, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura - 281 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - D D Singh
- Division of Animal Health, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura - 281 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A K Mishra
- Division of Animal Health, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura - 281 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - N K Gangwar
- Division of Animal Health, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura - 281 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - V K Gupta
- Centre for Animal Disease Research and Diagnosis (CADRAD), ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar - 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - R Singh
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar - 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - A K Sharma
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar - 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - M Karikalan
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar - 243 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Division of Animal Health, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Goats, Makhdoom, Farah, Mathura - 281 122, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Taylor BD, Zheng X, Darville T, Zhong W, Konganti K, Abiodun-Ojo O, Ness RB, O'Connell CM, Haggerty CL. Whole-Exome Sequencing to Identify Novel Biological Pathways Associated With Infertility After Pelvic Inflammatory Disease. Sex Transm Dis 2017; 44:35-41. [PMID: 27898568 PMCID: PMC5145761 DOI: 10.1097/olq.0000000000000533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ideal management of sexually transmitted infections (STI) may require risk markers for pathology or vaccine development. Previously, we identified common genetic variants associated with chlamydial pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and reduced fecundity. As this explains only a proportion of the long-term morbidity risk, we used whole-exome sequencing to identify biological pathways that may be associated with STI-related infertility. METHODS We obtained stored DNA from 43 non-Hispanic black women with PID from the PID Evaluation and Clinical Health Study. Infertility was assessed at a mean of 84 months. Principal component analysis revealed no population stratification. Potential covariates did not significantly differ between groups. Sequencing kernel association test was used to examine associations between aggregates of variants on a single gene and infertility. The results from the sequencing kernel association test were used to choose "focus genes" (P < 0.01; n = 150) for subsequent Ingenuity Pathway Analysis to identify "gene sets" that are enriched in biologically relevant pathways. RESULTS Pathway analysis revealed that focus genes were enriched in canonical pathways including, IL-1 signaling, P2Y purinergic receptor signaling, and bone morphogenic protein signaling. CONCLUSIONS Focus genes were enriched in pathways that impact innate and adaptive immunity, protein kinase A activity, cellular growth, and DNA repair. These may alter host resistance or immunopathology after infection. Targeted sequencing of biological pathways identified in this study may provide insight into STI-related infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandie D Taylor
- From the *Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX; †Department of Pediatrics, ‡Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC; §Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX; ¶University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, TX; and ∥Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
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Zou W, Xiao Z, Wen X, Luo J, Chen S, Cheng Z, Xiang D, Hu J, He J. The anti-inflammatory effect of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees on pelvic inflammatory disease in rats through down-regulation of the NF-κB pathway. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 16:483. [PMID: 27887650 PMCID: PMC5123283 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1466-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees (APN), a principal constituent of a famous traditional Chinese medicine Fukeqianjin tablet which is used for the treatment of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), has been reported to have anti-inflammatory effect in vitro. However, whether it has pharmacological effect on PID in vivo is unclear. Therefore, the aim of this study is to test the anti-inflammatory effect of APN and illuminate a potential mechanism. METHODS Thirty-six female specific pathogen-free SD rats were randomly divided into control group, PID group, APN1 group, APN2 group, APN3 group and prednisone group. Pathogen-induced PID rats were constructed. The APN1, APN2 and APN3 group rats were orally administrated with APN extract at different levels. The prednisone group rats were administrated with prednisone. Eight days after the first infection, the histological examination of upper genital tract was carried out, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was carried out using homogenate of the uterus and fallopian tube. Furthermore, immunohistochemical evaluations of NF-κB p65 and IκB-α in uterus was conducted. RESULTS APN obviously suppressed the infiltrations of neutrophils and lymphocytes, and it could significantly reduce the excessive production of cytokines and chemokines including IL-1β, IL-6, CXCL-1, MCP-1 and RANTES in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, APN could block the pathogen-induced activation of NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSION APN showed potent anti-inflammatory effect on pathogen-induced PID in rats, with a potential mechanism of inhibiting the NF-κB signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zou
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Traditional Chinese Medicine in Obstetrics and Gynecology Research, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 53 XiangChun Road, Changsha, 410008, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Zuoqi Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Traditional Chinese Medicine in Obstetrics and Gynecology Research, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 53 XiangChun Road, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Xiaoke Wen
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Traditional Chinese Medicine in Obstetrics and Gynecology Research, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 53 XiangChun Road, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Jieying Luo
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410007, China
| | - Shuqiong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Traditional Chinese Medicine in Obstetrics and Gynecology Research, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 53 XiangChun Road, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Zeneng Cheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Daxiong Xiang
- Clinic Pharmacy Research Laboratory, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Jian Hu
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Traditional Chinese Medicine in Obstetrics and Gynecology Research, Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 53 XiangChun Road, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jingyu He
- Guangzhou Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 1121 Haibin Road, Guangzhou, 511458, Guangdong, China.
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Erneholm K, Lorenzen E, Bøje S, Olsen AW, Andersen P, Cassidy JP, Follmann F, Jensen HE, Agerholm JS. Genital tract lesions in sexually mature Göttingen minipigs during the initial stages of experimental vaginal infection with Chlamydia trachomatis serovar D. BMC Vet Res 2016; 12:200. [PMID: 27614611 PMCID: PMC5018167 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-016-0793-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chlamydia is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases in humans worldwide, causing chronic lesions in the reproductive tract. Due to its often asymptomatic course, there is limited knowledge about the initial changes in the genital tract following infection. This study employs a novel sexually mature minipig model to investigate the initial histopathological changes following vaginal infection with Chlamydia trachomatis serovar D. Results A vaginal inoculation resulted in an infection primarily affecting the lower genital tract. The histopathological changes were characterized by a subepithelial inflammation consisting of neutrophils and mononuclear cells, followed by an increase in the number of plasma cells within the sub-epithelial stroma of the vagina. Detection of Chlamydia was associated with expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and interleukin-8 by superficial epithelial cells. The infection was self-limiting, with a duration of 7 days. Conclusion Neutrophils, plasma cells and IL-8 have been linked with Chlamydia genital infection of unknown duration in human patients. In this study, we observe a similar pattern of local immune response/inflammation following experimental inoculation suggesting this porcine model shows promise as a model for translational chlamydia research. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12917-016-0793-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Erneholm
- Section of Veterinary Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Large Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark. .,Department of Infectious Disease Immunology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen S, Denmark. .,Present address: Timeline Bioresearch, Lund, Sweden.
| | - Emma Lorenzen
- Section of Veterinary Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Large Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.,Department of Infectious Disease Immunology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Sarah Bøje
- Section of Veterinary Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Large Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark.,Department of Infectious Disease Immunology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen S, Denmark.,Present address: Novo Nordisk A/S, Kalundborg, Denmark
| | - Anja Weinreich Olsen
- Department of Infectious Disease Immunology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Peter Andersen
- Department of Infectious Disease Immunology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Joseph P Cassidy
- Pathobiology Section, School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Frank Follmann
- Department of Infectious Disease Immunology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Henrik E Jensen
- Section of Experimental Animal Models, Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Jørgen S Agerholm
- Section of Veterinary Reproduction and Obstetrics, Department of Large Animal Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
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Chen YQ, Fang RL, Luo YN, Luo CQ. Analysis of the diagnostic value of CD138 for chronic endometritis, the risk factors for the pathogenesis of chronic endometritis and the effect of chronic endometritis on pregnancy: a cohort study. BMC WOMENS HEALTH 2016; 16:60. [PMID: 27596852 PMCID: PMC5477816 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-016-0341-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Background To investigate the role of CD138 immunohistochemistry in the diagnosis of chronic endometritis (CE) and the risk factors for assisted conception patients having CE complications. Methods Ninety-three patients, with normal uterine shape confirmed by examination and who were planning to undergo assisted conception treatments, were selected as research subjects. Endometrial tissue was isolated for routine hematoxylin and eosin (HE) and CD138 immunohistochemical staining. Additionally, the disease histories of patients were collected, and the reproductive prognosis was followed up. Results ① CE detection rate: The rate of CD138 immunohistochemical staining was greater than that of HE staining (27.96 % vs. 26.89 %, P <0.05); ② Pregnancy rate: the pregnancy rate of CD138-positive patients (7.7 %) was lower than the pregnancy rate of CD138-negative patients (31.3 %) (p = 0.017 < 0.05); ③ The results from univariate analysis showed that a previous history of prolonged menstrual bleeding episodes, an abortion history, and complications of fallopian tube obstruction were associated with CE (P <0.05). The results of logistic regression analysis confirmed that prolonged menstrual bleeding episodes (P = 0.014, OR = 5.394, 95 % CI 1.405-20.699), a previous abortion history (P = 0.029, OR = 3.194, 95 % CI 1.125-9.073), and fallopian tube obstruction (P = 0.028, OR = 3.274, 95 % CI 1.139-9.415) were independent risk factors for positive CD138 results. Conclusions CD138 immunohistochemistry can improve the CE diagnosis rate. A previous history of prolonged menstrual bleeding episodes, an abortion history, and a history of fallopian tube obstruction are risk factors for chronic endometritis, and a CD138 immunohistochemical examination should be advised among them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qing Chen
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Rui-Li Fang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shenzhen Luohu People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan-Na Luo
- Medical Records and Statistics Room, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Can-Qiao Luo
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
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Abstract
For almost 2 decades, results from Chlamydia pathogenesis investigations have been conceptualized using a cytokine polarization narrative. Recent viral immunity studies identifying protective tissue-resident memory T cells (Trm) suggest an alternative paradigm based on localized immune networks. As Chlamydia vaccines enter the preclinical pipeline and, in the case of an attenuated trachoma vaccine, are given to human subjects, it may be useful to ask whether cytokine polarization is the appropriate framework for understanding and evaluating vaccine efficacy. In this review, we revisit C. trachomatis pathogenesis data from mice and humans using a Trm narrative and note a comfortable concordance with the Chlamydia pathogenesis literature.
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48
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Yu H, Karunakaran KP, Jiang X, Brunham RC. Subunit vaccines for the prevention of mucosal infection with Chlamydia trachomatis. Expert Rev Vaccines 2016; 15:977-88. [PMID: 26938202 DOI: 10.1586/14760584.2016.1161510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chlamydia trachomatis is the most common preventable cause of tubal infertility in women. In high-income countries, despite public health control efforts, C. trachomatis case rates continue to rise. Most medium and low-income countries lack any Chlamydia control program; therefore, a vaccine is essential for the control of Chlamydia infections. A rationally designed Chlamydia vaccine requires understanding of the immunological correlates of protective immunity, pathological responses to this mucosal pathogen, identification of optimal vaccine antigens and selection of suitable adjuvant delivery systems that engender protective immunity. Fortunately, Chlamydia vaccinology is facilitated by genomic knowledge and by murine models that reproduce many of the features of human C. trachomatis infection. This article reviews recent progress in these areas with a focus on subunit vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Yu
- a Vaccine Research Laboratory , University of British Columbia Centre for Disease Control , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada
| | - Karuna P Karunakaran
- a Vaccine Research Laboratory , University of British Columbia Centre for Disease Control , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada
| | - Xiaozhou Jiang
- a Vaccine Research Laboratory , University of British Columbia Centre for Disease Control , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada
| | - Robert C Brunham
- a Vaccine Research Laboratory , University of British Columbia Centre for Disease Control , Vancouver , British Columbia , Canada
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de Ziegler D, Pirtea P, Galliano D, Cicinelli E, Meldrum D. Optimal uterine anatomy and physiology necessary for normal implantation and placentation. Fertil Steril 2016; 105:844-54. [PMID: 26926252 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The authors review aberrations of uterine anatomy and physiology affecting pregnancy outcomes with IVF. In the case of endometriosis and hydrosalpinx, pathologies outside of the uterus alter the uterine endometrium. In the case of endometriosis, Dominique de Ziegler outlines the numerous changes in gene expression and the central role of inflammation in causing progesterone resistance. With endometriosis, the absence of ovarian function inherent in deferred transfer, with or without a more lengthy suppression of ovarian function, appears to be sufficient to restore normal function of eutopic endometrium. Because laparoscopy is no longer routine in the evaluation of infertility, unrecognized endometriosis then becomes irrelevant in the context of assisted reproductive technology. With hydrosalpinx and submucus myomas, the implantation factor HOXA-10 is suppressed in the endometrium and, with myomas, even in areas of the uterus not directly affected. Daniela Galliano reviews various uterine pathologies, the most enigmatic being adenomyosis, where the endometrium also manifests many of the changes seen in endometriosis and deferred transfer with extended suppression appears to provide the best outcomes. Ettore Cicinelli's group has extensively studied the diagnosis and treatment of endometritis, and although more definitive diagnosis and care of this covert disorder may await techniques such as sequencing of the endometrial microbiome, it undoubtedly is an important factor in implantation failure, deserving our attention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique de Ziegler
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Medicine, Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité-Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, CHU Cochin, Paris, France.
| | - Paul Pirtea
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Medicine, Université Paris Descartes, Paris Sorbonne Cité-Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, CHU Cochin, Paris, France
| | - Daniela Galliano
- Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (IVI), Rome, Italy and Barcelona, Spain; IVI Foundation, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ettore Cicinelli
- 2nd Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Biomedical and Human Oncologic Science, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - David Meldrum
- Reproductive Partners San Diego, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, University of California, San Diego, California
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50
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Haggerty CL, Totten PA, Tang G, Astete SG, Ferris MJ, Norori J, Bass DC, Martin DH, Taylor BD, Ness RB. Identification of novel microbes associated with pelvic inflammatory disease and infertility. Sex Transm Infect 2016; 92:441-6. [PMID: 26825087 PMCID: PMC5013099 DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2015-052285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES As pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) aetiology is not completely understood, we examined the relationship between select novel bacteria, PID and long-term sequelae. METHODS Fastidious bacterial vaginosis (BV)-associated bacteria (Sneathia (Leptotrichia) sanguinegens, Sneathia amnionii, Atopobium vaginae and BV-associated bacteria 1 (BVAB1)), as well as Ureaplasma urealyticum and Ureaplasma parvum were identified in cervical and endometrial specimens using organism-specific PCR assays among 545 women enrolled in the PID Evaluation and Clinical Health study. Risk ratios and 95% CIs were constructed to determine associations between bacteria, histologically confirmed endometritis, recurrent PID and infertility, adjusting for age, race, gonorrhoea and chlamydia. Infertility models were additionally adjusted for baseline infertility. RESULTS Persistent detection of BV-associated bacteria was common (range 58% for A. vaginae to 82% for BVAB1) and elevated the risk for persistent endometritis (RRadj 8.5, 95% CI 1.6 to 44.6) 30 days post-cefoxitin/doxycycline treatment, independent of gonorrhoea and chlamydia. In models adjusted for gonorrhoea and chlamydia, endometrial BV-associated bacteria were associated with recurrent PID (RRadj 4.7, 95% CI 1.7 to 12.8), and women who tested positive in the cervix and/or endometrium were more likely to develop infertility (RRadj 3.4, 95% CI 1.1 to 10.4). Associations between ureaplasmas and PID sequelae were modest. CONCLUSIONS To our knowledge, this is the first prospective study to demonstrate that S. sanguinegens, S. amnionii, BVAB1 and A. vaginae are associated with PID, failure of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-recommended treatment to eliminate short-term endometritis, recurrent PID and infertility. Optimal antibiotic regimens for PID may require coverage of novel BV-associated microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine L Haggerty
- University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Patricia A Totten
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Gong Tang
- University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sabina G Astete
- Magee-Womens Research Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael J Ferris
- Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Johana Norori
- Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Debra C Bass
- University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - David H Martin
- Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA
| | - Brandie D Taylor
- University of Pittsburgh, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Roberta B Ness
- The University of Texas School of Public Health, Houston, Texas, USA
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