1
|
Ritonja JA, Danieli C, Pana MP, Palmer MJ, L’Espérance K, Ho V, Abrahamowicz M, Koushik A. Predicted 25-hydroxyvitamin D over the adult lifetime and the risk of ovarian cancer. Am J Epidemiol 2024; 193:1233. [PMID: 38754871 PMCID: PMC11369219 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwae070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The evidence from previous studies of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) and ovarian cancer risk is not conclusive. However, the 25(OH)D levels were generally only measured in late adulthood, which may not capture the etiologically relevant exposure periods. We investigated predicted 25(OH)D over the adult lifetime in relation to ovarian cancer risk in a population-based case-control study conducted from 2011 to 2016 in Montreal, Canada (n = 490 cases and 896 controls). Predicted 25(OH)D was computed using previously validated regression models. Unconditional multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% CIs for average predicted 25(OH)D over the adult lifetime and ovarian cancer risk. In addition, the relative importance of different periods of past 25(OH)D exposure was explored using a weighted cumulative exposure (WCE) model. For each 20-nmol/L increase in average predicted 25(OH)D over the adult lifetime, the aOR (95% CI) was 0.73 (0.55-0.96). In WCE analyses, the inverse association was strongest for exposures 5 to 20 years and 35 to 55 years prior to diagnosis, with aORs (95% CIs) of 0.82 (0.69-0.94) and 0.79 (0.66-1.02), respectively, for each 20-nmol/L increase in predicted 25(OH)D. These results support an inverse association between 25(OH)D levels in adulthood and ovarian cancer risk. This article is part of a Special Collection on Gynecological Cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Anita Koushik
- Corresponding author: Anita Koushik, St. Mary's Research Centre, 3777 Jean-Brillant Street, Montreal, QC H3T 0A2, Canada ()
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lee S, Byun MS, Yi D, Ahn H, Jung G, Jung JH, Chang YY, Kim K, Choi H, Choi J, Lee JY, Kang KM, Sohn CH, Lee YS, Kim YK, Lee DY. Plasma Leptin and Alzheimer Protein Pathologies Among Older Adults. JAMA Netw Open 2024; 7:e249539. [PMID: 38700863 PMCID: PMC11069086 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.9539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Importance Many epidemiologic studies have suggested that low levels of plasma leptin, a major adipokine, are associated with increased risk of Alzheimer disease (AD) dementia and cognitive decline. Nevertheless, the mechanistic pathway linking plasma leptin and AD-related cognitive decline is not yet fully understood. Objective To examine the association of plasma leptin levels with in vivo AD pathologies, including amyloid-beta (Aβ) and tau deposition, through both cross-sectional and longitudinal approaches among cognitively unimpaired older adults. Design, Setting, and Participants This was a longitudinal cohort study from the Korean Brain Aging Study for Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer Disease. Data were collected from January 1, 2014, to December 31, 2020, and data were analyzed from July 11 to September 6, 2022. The study included a total of 208 cognitively unimpaired participants who underwent baseline positron emission tomography (PET) scans for brain Aβ deposition. For longitudinal analyses, 192 participants who completed both baseline and 2-year follow-up PET scans for brain Aβ deposition were included. Exposure Plasma leptin levels as assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Main Outcomes and Measures Baseline levels and longitudinal changes of global Aβ and AD-signature region tau deposition measured by PET scans. Results Among the 208 participants, the mean (SD) age was 66.0 (11.3) years, 114 were women (54.8%), and 37 were apolipoprotein E ε4 carriers (17.8%). Lower plasma leptin levels had a significant cross-sectional association with greater brain Aβ deposition (β = -0.04; 95% CI, -0.09 to 0.00; P = .046), while there was no significant association between plasma leptin levels and tau deposition (β = -0.02; 95% CI, -0.05 to 0.02; P = .41). In contrast, longitudinal analyses revealed that there was a significant association between lower baseline leptin levels and greater increase of tau deposition over 2 years (β = -0.06; 95% CI, -0.11 to -0.01; P = .03), whereas plasma leptin levels did not have a significant association with longitudinal change of Aβ deposition (β = 0.006; 95% CI, 0.00-0.02; P = .27). Conclusions and Relevance The present findings suggest that plasma leptin may be protective for the development or progression of AD pathology, including both Aβ and tau deposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seunghoon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Soo Byun
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahyun Yi
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Ahn
- Interdisciplinary Program of Cognitive Science, Seoul National University College of Humanities, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Gijung Jung
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Hyung Jung
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungbuk National University Hospital, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Young Chang
- Department of Psychiatry, Inje University, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungtae Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeji Choi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongmin Choi
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Koung Mi Kang
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Sohn
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sang Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Kyeong Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Young Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program of Cognitive Science, Seoul National University College of Humanities, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Schreurs BA, Hopman MTE, Bakker CM, Duijnhouwer AL, van Royen N, Thompson PD, van Kimmenade RRJ, Eijsvogels TMH. Associations of Lifelong Exercise Characteristics With Valvular Function and Aortic Diameters in Patients With a Bicuspid Aortic Valve. J Am Heart Assoc 2024; 13:e031850. [PMID: 38293944 PMCID: PMC11056144 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.123.031850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential impact of exercise on valvular function and aortic diameters in patients with a bicuspid aortic valve remains unclear. Therefore, we assessed the association between lifelong exercise characteristics, valvular dysfunction, and aortic dilatation in patients with a bicuspid aortic valve. METHODS AND RESULTS In this cross-sectional study, exercise volume (metabolic equivalent of task minutes per week), exercise intensity, and sport type were determined from the age of 12 years to participation using a validated questionnaire. Echocardiography was used to assess aortic stenosis or aortic regurgitation and to measure diameters at the sinuses of Valsalva and ascending aorta. Aortic dilatation was defined as a Z-score ≥2. Four hundred and seven patients (42±17 years, 60% men) were included, of which 133 were sedentary (<500 metabolic equivalent of task minutes per week), 94 active (500-1000 metabolic equivalent of task minutes per week), and 180 highly active (≥1000 metabolic equivalent of task minutes per week). Moderate-to-severe aortic stenosis or aortic regurgitation was present in 23.7% and 20.0%, respectively. Sinuses of Valsalva and ascending aorta diameters were 34.8±6.6 and 36.5±8.1 mm, whereas aortic dilatation was found in 21.6% and 53.4%, respectively. Exercise volume was not associated with valve dysfunction or aortic dilatation. Vigorous intensity and mixed sports were associated with a lower prevalence of aortic stenosis (adjusted odds ratios, 0.43 [0.20-0.94] and adjusted odds ratios, 0.47 [0.23-0.95]). Exercise intensity and sport type were not associated with aortic regurgitation and aortic dilatation. CONCLUSIONS We found no deleterious associations between lifelong exercise characteristics, valvular dysfunction, and aortic dilatation in patients with a bicuspid aortic valve. Vigorous intensity and exercise in mixed sports were associated with a lower prevalence of moderate-to-severe aortic stenosis. These observations suggest that lifelong exercise does not appear to induce adverse cardiovascular effects in patients with a bicuspid aortic valve.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bibi A. Schreurs
- Department of Medical BioSciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
- Department of CardiologyRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Maria T. E. Hopman
- Department of Medical BioSciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Chantal M. Bakker
- Department of Medical BioSciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | | | - Niels van Royen
- Department of CardiologyRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | | | | | - Thijs M. H. Eijsvogels
- Department of Medical BioSciencesRadboud University Medical CenterNijmegenThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ai M, Morris TP, Noriega de la Colina A, Thovinakere N, Tremblay-Mercier J, Villeneuve S, H Hillman C, Kramer AF, Geddes MR. Midlife physical activity engagement is associated with later-life brain health. Neurobiol Aging 2024; 134:146-159. [PMID: 38091752 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2023.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/02/2024]
Abstract
The relationship between midlife physical activity (PA), and cognition and brain health in later life is poorly understood with conflicting results from previous research. Investigating the contribution of midlife PA to later-life cognition and brain health in high-risk populations will propel the development of health guidance for those most in need. The current study examined the association between midlife PA engagement and later-life cognition, grey matter characteristics and resting-state functional connectivity in older individuals at high-risk for Alzheimer's disease. The association between midlife PA and later-life cognitive function was not significant but was moderated by later-life PA. Meanwhile, greater midlife moderate-to-vigorous PA was associated with greater grey matter surface area in the left middle frontal gyrus. Moreover, greater midlife total PA was associated with diminished functional connectivity between bilateral middle frontal gyri and middle cingulum, supplementary motor areas, and greater functional connectivity between bilateral hippocampi and right cerebellum, Crus II. These results indicate the potentially independent contribution of midlife PA to later-life brain health.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meishan Ai
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Timothy P Morris
- Department of Physical Therapy, Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Adrián Noriega de la Colina
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 2M1, Canada
| | | | - Jennifer Tremblay-Mercier
- STOP-AD CENTRE, Centre for Studies on Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease, Montreal, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute Research Centre, Affiliated with McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada
| | - Sylvia Villeneuve
- STOP-AD CENTRE, Centre for Studies on Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease, Montreal, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada; Douglas Mental Health University Institute Research Centre, Affiliated with McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Charles H Hillman
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Physical Therapy, Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Arthur F Kramer
- Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA
| | - Maiya R Geddes
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 2M1, Canada; Montreal Neurological Institute, Montreal, Quebec H3A 2B4, Canada; STOP-AD CENTRE, Centre for Studies on Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease, Montreal, Quebec H4H 1R3, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kokts-Porietis RL, Morielli AR, McNeil J, Benham JL, Courneya KS, Cook LS, Friedenreich CM. Prospective cohort of pre- and post-diagnosis alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking on survival outcomes: an Alberta Endometrial Cancer Cohort Study. Cancer Causes Control 2024; 35:121-132. [PMID: 37596424 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-023-01777-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the independent and joint relationships between cigarette smoking and alcohol consumption with survival outcomes after endometrial cancer diagnosis. METHODS Pre- and post-diagnosis smoking and drinking histories were obtained from endometrial cancer survivors diagnosed between 2002 and 2006 during in-person interviews at-diagnosis and at ~ 3 years post-diagnosis. Participants were followed until death or January 2022. Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated with Cox proportional hazards regression for associations with disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). RESULTS During a median 16.9 years of follow-up (IQR = 15.5-18.1 years), 152 of the 540 participants had a DFS event (recurrence: n = 73; deaths: n = 79) and 134 died overall. Most participants in this cohort were current drinkers (pre = 61.3%; post = 64.7%) while few were current cigarette smokers (pre = 12.8%; post = 11.5%). Pre-diagnosis alcohol consumption was not associated with survival, yet post-diagnosis alcohol intake ≥ 2 drinks/week was associated with worse OS compared with lifetime abstention (HR = 2.36, 95%CI = 1.00-5.54) as well as light intake (HR = 3.87, 95% CI = 1.67-8.96). Increased/consistently high alcohol intake patterns were associated with worse OS (HR = 2.91, 95% CI = 1.15-7.37) compared with patterns of decreased/ceased intake patterns after diagnosis. A harmful dose-response relationship per each additional pre-diagnosis smoking pack-year with OS was noted among ever smokers. In this cohort, smoking and alcohol individually were not associated with DFS and combined pre-diagnosis smoking and alcohol intakes were not associated with either outcome. CONCLUSION Endometrial cancer survivors with higher alcohol intakes after diagnosis had poorer OS compared with women who had limited exposure. Larger studies powered to investigate the individual and joint impacts of cigarette smoking and alcohol use patterns are warranted to provide additional clarity on these modifiable prognostic factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renée L Kokts-Porietis
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Andria R Morielli
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Jessica McNeil
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health and Human Sciences, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Jamie L Benham
- Department of Medicine, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kerry S Courneya
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Linda S Cook
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Christine M Friedenreich
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
- Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nedim A, Naz I, Felekoglu E, Kopruluoglu M, Kinik M. Comparing Physical Activity and Quality of Life of Caregivers of Children With Physical Disabilities and Typically Developing Children. Percept Mot Skills 2023; 130:2465-2483. [PMID: 37682729 DOI: 10.1177/00315125231201591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
There are conflicting reports of the level of physical activity (PA) and its relationship to quality of life (QoL) among caregivers of children with physical disabilities (CwPD). In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to compare the PA levels and QoL of two groups of caregivers - a CwPD group and caregivers of typically developing children (CwTD). We included 32 family caregivers in the CwPD group (22 women, 10 men; M age = 42.1, SD = 6.2 years) and 32 caregivers in the CwTD group (24 women, 8 men; M age = 42.3, SD = 6.1 years). We assessed PA with the International Physical Activity Scale-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) and self-reported activity diaries, and we assessed QoL with the Short-Form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire. Although the IPAQ scores and sitting times of caregivers in these two groups were not statistically different (p > .05), many parameters of self-reported activity diary data and total energy expenditure were significantly higher in the CwPD than the CwTD group (p < .05, effect size = .53-1.10). The CwPD group reported a lower QoL according to the SF-36 and its sub-scores (p < .05, effect size = .54-.77), and higher PA levels than those in the CwTD group. In the CwPD group, moderate, vigorous, and total PA scores were mildly to moderately associated with the total Qol score, and many of its subscores (r = .36 to .60, p < .05). The lower quality of life observed in CwPD, despite high-intensity physical activity levels, suggested that investigators and care providers should consider QoL in the CwPD group to be multifactorial and that here is a need for caregiver interventions to enhance QoL in this underserved population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Nedim
- Institute of Health Sciences, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ilknur Naz
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Elvan Felekoglu
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Melissa Kopruluoglu
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Merve Kinik
- Institute of Health Sciences, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Strosser S. Youth Sport Specialization and Risk of Injury: A General Review. Clin J Sport Med 2023; 33:652-657. [PMID: 37104869 DOI: 10.1097/jsm.0000000000001157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this literature review was to analyze, understand, and disclose prior empirical findings about the injury risks associated with youth sport specialization. DATA SOURCES Articles were included in this review if they examined the association between youth sport specialization status and injury. Nine articles from 5 journals met these criteria. All articles summarized the findings of cross-sectional (N = 5) or cohort studies (N = 4). MAIN RESULTS Each article included in this review indicated that specialized youth athletes are more susceptible to injury. Only 5 studies assessed the injury risks linked to specialization independent of sport training volume. These studies produced contradictory results. CONCLUSIONS Although specialized youth athletes are more prone to injury, future research is needed to determine the independent and inherent injury risk associated with specialization. Nevertheless, youth athletes should refrain from specialization until at least adolescence.
Collapse
|
8
|
Five CK, Hasselberg NE, Aaserud LT, Castrini AI, Vlaisavljevic K, Lie Ø, Rootwelt-Norberg C, Aabel EW, Haugaa KH. Lifetime exercise dose and ventricular arrhythmias in patients with mitral valve prolapse. Europace 2023; 25:euad309. [PMID: 37851515 PMCID: PMC10616587 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euad309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Patients with mitral valve prolapse (MVP) have high risk of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias (VAs). Data on the impact of exercise on arrhythmic risk in these patients are lacking. We explored whether lifetime exercise dose was associated with severe VA and with established risk factors in patients with MVP. Furthermore, we explored the circumstances at the VA event. METHODS AND RESULTS In this retrospective cohort study, we included patients with MVP and assessed lifetime exercise dose as metabolic equivalents of task (MET) hours/week. Severe VA was defined as sustained ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation, aborted cardiac arrest, and appropriate shock by a primary preventive implantable cardioverter defibrillator. We included 136 MVP patients (48 years [interquartile range (IQR) 35-59], 61% female), and 17 (13%) had previous severe VA. The lifetime exercise dose did not differ in patients with and without severe VA (17 MET h/week [IQR 9-27] vs. 14 MET h/week [IQR 6-31], P = 0.34). Lifetime exercise dose > 9.6 MET h/week was a borderline significant marker for severe VA (OR 3.38, 95% CI 0.92-12.40, P = 0.07), while not when adjusted for age (OR 2.63, 95% CI 0.66-10.56, P = 0.17). Ventricular arrhythmia events occurred most frequently during wakeful rest (53%), followed by exercise (29%) and sleep (12%). CONCLUSION We found no clear association between moderate lifetime exercise dose and severe VA in patients with MVP. We cannot exclude an upper threshold for safe levels of exercise. Further studies are needed to explore exercise and risk of severe VA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian K Five
- Department of Cardiology, ProCardio Center for Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, PO Box 4950 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, PO Box 1078 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Nina E Hasselberg
- Department of Cardiology, ProCardio Center for Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, PO Box 4950 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, PO Box 1078 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Linda T Aaserud
- Department of Cardiology, ProCardio Center for Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, PO Box 4950 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway
| | - Anna Isotta Castrini
- Department of Cardiology, ProCardio Center for Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, PO Box 4950 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, PO Box 1078 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Katarina Vlaisavljevic
- Department of Cardiology, ProCardio Center for Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, PO Box 4950 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, PO Box 1078 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Øyvind Lie
- Department of Cardiology, ProCardio Center for Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, PO Box 4950 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, PO Box 1078 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Christine Rootwelt-Norberg
- Department of Cardiology, ProCardio Center for Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, PO Box 4950 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, PO Box 1078 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Eivind W Aabel
- Department of Cardiology, ProCardio Center for Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, PO Box 4950 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, PO Box 1078 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristina H Haugaa
- Department of Cardiology, ProCardio Center for Innovation, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, PO Box 4950 Nydalen, 0424 Oslo, Norway
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, PO Box 1078 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Choe YM, Suh GH, Lee BC, Choi IG, Kim HS, Kim JW, Hwang J, Yi D, Kim JW. High-intensity walking in midlife is associated with improved memory in physically capable older adults. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:143. [PMID: 37644550 PMCID: PMC10463890 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01293-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Little is known about the associations of midlife- and late life-initiated walking with Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related cognitive decline in humans. We aimed to investigate whether high-intensity, prolonged, midlife-initiated walking is associated with changes in AD-related cognitive decline in physically capable older adults. METHODS We studied 188 physically capable participants aged 65-90 years without dementia who underwent comprehensive clinical assessment, including of their walking modality (i.e., intensity, duration, midlife- or late life-onset), memory- or non-memory and total cognitive performance, and blood or nutritional biomarkers. RESULTS The walking group showed better episodic memory (B = 2.852, SE = 1.214, β = 0.144, p = 0.020), but not non-memory cognition, than the non-walking group. High-intensity walking starting in midlife was significantly associated with better episodic memory (B = 9.360, SE = 3.314, β = 0.446, p = 0.005) compared to the non-walking group. In contrast, there were no differences in cognition according to walking duration, regardless of the onset time. The walking group also showed a similar association with overall cognition. CONCLUSIONS Among physically capable older adults without dementia, walking, particularly at high intensity and starting in midlife, is associated with improved episodic memory, an AD-related cognitive domain. Further attention should be paid to the role of walking in terms of AD prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Min Choe
- Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24252, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, 7 Keunjaebong-Gil, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi, 18450, Republic of Korea
| | - Guk-Hee Suh
- Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24252, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, 7 Keunjaebong-Gil, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi, 18450, Republic of Korea
| | - Boung Chul Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24252, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hallym University Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, 07247, Republic of Korea
| | - Ihn-Geun Choi
- Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24252, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul W Psychiatric Office, Seoul, 08594, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Soo Kim
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, 7 Keunjaebong-Gil, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi, 18450, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Wan Kim
- Department of Surgery, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, 7 Keunjaebong-Gil, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi, 18450, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeuk Hwang
- Department of Psychiatry, Soonchunhyang University Hospital Seoul, Seoul, 04401, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahyun Yi
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jee Wook Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Gangwon, 24252, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, 7 Keunjaebong-Gil, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi, 18450, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
BERGE KRISTIAN, AENGEVAEREN VINCENTL, MOSTERD AREND, VELTHUIS BIRGITTAK, LYNGBAKKEN MAGNUSN, OMLAND TORBJØRN, SCHALKWIJK CASPERG, EIJSVOGELS THIJSMH. Plasma Advanced Glycation End Products and Dicarbonyl Compounds Are Not Associated with Coronary Atherosclerosis in Athletes. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2023; 55:1143-1150. [PMID: 36849122 PMCID: PMC10241437 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000003152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Coronary atherosclerosis is the leading cause of sudden death among athletes >35 yr old, but current cardiovascular risk prediction algorithms have not been validated for athletes. Advanced glycation end products (AGE) and dicarbonyl compounds have been associated with atherosclerosis and rupture-prone plaques in patients and ex vivo studies. The detection of AGE and dicarbonyl compounds might be a novel screening tool for high-risk coronary atherosclerosis in older athletes. METHODS Concentrations of three different AGE and the dicarbonyl compounds methylglyoxal, glyoxal, and 3-deoxyglucosone were measured in plasma with ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry in athletes from the Measuring Athletes' Risk of Cardiovascular Events 2 study cohort. Coronary plaques, plaque characteristics (calcified, noncalcified or mixed), and coronary artery calcium (CAC) scores were assessed with coronary computed tomography, and potential associations with AGE and dicarbonyl compounds were analyzed using linear and logistic regression. RESULTS A total of 289 men were included (60 [quartiles 1-3 = 56-66] yr old, body mass index = 24.5 [22.9-26.6] kg·m -2 ), with a weekly exercise volume of 41 (25-57) MET-hours. Coronary plaques were detected in 241 participants (83%), with a dominant plaque type of calcified plaques in 42%, noncalcified plaques in 12% and mixed plaques in 21%. No AGE or dicarbonyl compounds were associated with total number of plaques or any of the plaque characteristics in adjusted analyses. Similarly, AGE and dicarbonyl compounds were not associated with CAC score. CONCLUSIONS Concentrations of plasma AGE and dicarbonyl compounds do not predict the presence of coronary plaques, plaque characteristics or CAC scores, in middle-age and older athletes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- KRISTIAN BERGE
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, THE NETHERLANDS
- Division of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, NORWAY
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Cardiac Biomarkers, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, NORWAY
| | - VINCENT L. AENGEVAEREN
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, THE NETHERLANDS
| | - AREND MOSTERD
- Department of Cardiology, Meander Medical Center, Amersfoort, THE NETHERLANDS
| | | | - MAGNUS N. LYNGBAKKEN
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, THE NETHERLANDS
- Division of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, NORWAY
| | - TORBJØRN OMLAND
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, THE NETHERLANDS
- Division of Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Akershus University Hospital, Lørenskog, NORWAY
| | - CASPER G. SCHALKWIJK
- Department of Internal Medicine, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, THE NETHERLANDS
| | - THIJS M. H. EIJSVOGELS
- Department of Physiology, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, THE NETHERLANDS
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Lee S, Byun MS, Yi D, Kim MJ, Jung JH, Kong N, Jung G, Ahn H, Lee JY, Kang KM, Sohn CH, Lee YS, Kim YK, Lee DY. Body mass index and two-year change of in vivo Alzheimer's disease pathologies in cognitively normal older adults. Alzheimers Res Ther 2023; 15:108. [PMID: 37312229 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-023-01259-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low body mass index (BMI) or underweight status in late life is associated with an increased risk of dementia or Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the relationship between late-life BMI and prospective longitudinal changes of in-vivo AD pathology has not been investigated. METHODS This prospective longitudinal study was conducted as part of the Korean Brain Aging Study for Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer's Disease (KBASE). A total of 194 cognitive normal older adults were included in the analysis. BMI at baseline was measured, and two-year changes in brain Aβ and tau deposition on PET imaging were used as the main outcomes. Linear mixed-effects (LME) models were used to examine the relationships between late-life BMI and longitudinal change in AD neuropathological biomarkers. RESULTS A lower BMI at baseline was significantly associated with a greater increase in tau deposition in AD-signature region over 2 years (β, -0.018; 95% CI, -0.028 to -0.004; p = .008), In contrast, BMI was not related to two-year changes in global Aβ deposition (β, 0.0002; 95% CI, -0.003 to 0.002, p = .671). An additional exploratory analysis for each sex showed lower baseline BMI was associated with greater increases in tau deposition in males (β, -0.027; 95% CI, -0.046 to -0.009; p = 0.007), but not in females. DISCUSSION The findings suggest that lower BMI in late-life may predict or contribute to the progression of tau pathology over the subsequent years in cognitively unimpaired older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seunghoon Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, 10475, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Soo Byun
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahyun Yi
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Nowon Eulji University Hospital, Seoul, 01830, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Hyung Jung
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Nayeong Kong
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Gijung Jung
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Ahn
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, 07061, Republic of Korea
| | - Koung Mi Kang
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Sohn
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sang Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Kyeong Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, 07061, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Young Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Selk-Ghaffari M, Nakhostin-Ansari A, Oskouie IM, Gilvaei YM, Mahdaviani B, Gholami-Mehrabadi M, Kordi R. Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation, and Validation of the Persian Version of the Lifetime Total Physical Activity Questionnaire. J Phys Act Health 2023; 20:265-271. [PMID: 36780903 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2021-0819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to translate and cross-culturally adapt the Lifetime Total Physical Activity Questionnaire (LTPAQ) for use in Persian-speaking countries as well as evaluate its validity and reliability. METHODS There were 3 stages to this study. First, a forward-backward translation method was used to develop a Persian version of the LTPAQ. In the second stage, the Persian version of the LTPAQ was evaluated for its face validity and content validity. Finally, test-retest reliability and known-group validity were assessed. The LTPAQ has occupational and volunteer activities, including travel to work, exercise and sports, and household activities. Frequency, duration, and estimated metabolic costs of activities with light, moderate, and heavy intensities were used to calculate the metabolic equivalent of each domain during life (in metabolic equivalent-hour/week). Metabolic equivalents of each domain and in total were used to evaluate the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. RESULTS In total, 60 people (41.7% females) with a mean age of 33.9 (SD = 11.5) years participated in this study. All domains showed excellent test-retest reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient > .9). All items had content validity indexes higher than 0.85. In addition, males had significantly higher physical activity levels than females (P = .022), indicating the known-group validity of the questionnaire. CONCLUSIONS The LTPAQ was translated into Persian and trans-culturally adapted. This study indicates that the Persian version of the LTPAQ has adequate reliability and validity and can be utilized in future studies to assess physical activity in the Persian population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Selk-Ghaffari
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
| | - Amin Nakhostin-Ansari
- Neuromusculoskeletal Research Center, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
| | - Iman Menbari Oskouie
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
| | - Yasamin Maleki Gilvaei
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Exceptional Talents Development Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
| | - Behnaz Mahdaviani
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
| | - Maedeh Gholami-Mehrabadi
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
| | - Ramin Kordi
- Sports Medicine Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
The benefits of regular aerobic exercise training on cerebrovascular function and cognition in older adults. Eur J Appl Physiol 2023; 123:1323-1342. [PMID: 36801969 PMCID: PMC9938957 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-023-05154-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
We compared the differences in cerebrovascular and cognitive function between 13 aerobic exercise trained, older adults and 13 age-, height- and sex-matched sedentary, untrained controls. We determined whether other measures accounted for differences in cerebrovascular and cognitive function between these groups and examined the associations between these functions. Participants undertook anthropometric, mood, cardiovascular, exercise performance, strength, cerebrovascular, and cognitive measurements, and a blood collection. Transcranial Doppler ultrasonography determined cerebrovascular responsiveness (CVR) to hypercapnia and cognitive stimuli. The trained group had a higher CVR to hypercapnia (80.3 ± 7.2 vs 35.1 ± 6.7%, P < 0.001), CVR to cognitive stimuli (30.1 ± 2.9 vs 17.8 ± 1.4%, P = 0.001) and total composite cognitive score (117 ± 2 vs 98 ± 4, P < 0.001) than the controls. These parameters no longer remained statistically different between the groups following adjustments for covariates. There were positive correlations between the total composite cognitive score and CVR to hypercapnia (r = 0.474, P = 0.014) and CVR to cognitive stimuli (r = 0.685, P < 0.001). We observed a relationship between cerebrovascular and cognitive function in older adults and an interaction between regular lifelong aerobic exercise training and cardiometabolic factors that may directly influence these functions.
Collapse
|
14
|
Sex-specific relationships between obesity, physical activity, and gray and white matter volume in cognitively unimpaired older adults. GeroScience 2023:10.1007/s11357-023-00734-4. [PMID: 36781598 PMCID: PMC10400512 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-023-00734-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Independently, obesity and physical activity (PA) influence cerebral structure in aging, yet their interaction has not been investigated. We examined sex differences in the relationships among PA, obesity, and cerebral structure in aging with 340 participants who completed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisition to quantify grey matter volume (GMV) and white matter volume (WMV). Height and weight were measured to calculate body mass index (BMI). A PA questionnaire was used to estimate weekly Metabolic Equivalents. The relationships between BMI, PA, and their interaction on GMV Regions of Interest (ROIs) and WMV ROIs were examined. Increased BMI was associated with higher GMV in females, an inverse U relationship was found between PA and GMV in females, and the interaction indicated that regardless of BMI greater PA was associated with enhanced GMV. Males demonstrated an inverse U shape between BMI and GMV, and in males with high PA and had normal weight demonstrated greater GMV than normal weight low PA revealed by the interaction. WMV ROIs had a linear relationship with moderate PA in females, whereas in males, increased BMI was associated with lower WMV as well as a positive relationship with moderate PA and WMV. Males and females have unique relationships among GMV, PA and BMI, suggesting sex-aggregated analyses may lead to biased or non-significant results. These results suggest higher BMI, and PA are associated with increased GMV in females, uniquely different from males, highlighting the importance of sex-disaggregated models. Future work should include other imaging parameters, such as perfusion, to identify if these differences co-occur in the same regions as GMV.
Collapse
|
15
|
Kokts-Porietis RL, Morielli AR, McNeil J, Courneya KS, Cook LS, Friedenreich CM. Prospective Cohort of Pre- and Post-Diagnosis Diet with Survival Outcomes: an Alberta Endometrial Cancer Cohort Study. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023; 32:242-251. [PMID: 36477189 PMCID: PMC9905303 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-22-0906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognostic relationship between diet and endometrial cancer survival remains largely unknown. We sought to determine pre- and post-diagnosis dietary composition, glycemic load (GL), inflammatory potential (dietary inflammatory index) and quality [Canadian Healthy Eating Index (C-HEI) 2005] associations with disease-free (DFS) and overall survival (OS) among endometrial cancer survivors. In addition, we assessed associations between dietary changes with OS and explored obesity/physical activity effect modification. METHODS Survivors, diagnosed in Alberta, Canada between 2002 and 2006, completed past-year, food-frequency questionnaires at-diagnosis (n = 503) and 3-year follow-up (n = 395). Participants were followed to death or January 2022. Cox proportional regression estimated HR [95% confidence intervals (CI)] for dietary survival associations. RESULTS During 16.9 median years of follow-up, 138 participants had a DFS event and 120 died. Lower pre-diagnosis GL (HRT1vsT3, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.25-0.97) and greater post-diagnosis energy intakes (EI) from total- and monounsaturated-fat (HRT3vsT1, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.26-0.87) were associated with better OS. Higher pre-diagnosis C-HEI, less inflammatory diets and lower added sugar intakes were nonlinearly associated with better DFS. Consistently low pre- to post-diagnosis EI from carbohydrates and total-fats were associated with better (HR, 0.36; 95% CI, 0.18-0.72) and worse (HR, 2.26; 95% CI, 1.21-4.20) OS, respectively. Decreased pre- to post-diagnosis C-HEI was associated with worse OS. In stratified analysis, healthy diets were most beneficial for survivors with obesity and physical inactivity. CONCLUSIONS Adherence to higher quality dietary patterns were associated with better survival. IMPACT Our study provides novel evidence that both pre- and post-diagnosis diet are important prognostic factors for endometrial cancer survivors. Post-diagnosis survival associations with diet composition and quality highlight the potential for future interventions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renée L Kokts-Porietis
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Andria R Morielli
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jessica McNeil
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health and Human Sciences, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina
| | - Kerry S Courneya
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, College of Health Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Linda S Cook
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christine M Friedenreich
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Christopher CN, Matthews CE, Saint-Maurice PF, Keadle SK. Impact of Moderate-Vigorous Physical Activity Trajectories on Colon Cancer Risk over the Adult Life Course. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2023; 32:30-36. [PMID: 36306403 PMCID: PMC9839573 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-22-0768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) reduces colon cancer risk; however, it is unclear how the timing of MVPA throughout the adult life course impacts colon cancer risk. We evaluated whether maintenance and changes in MVPA levels over time are associated with colon cancer risk. METHODS We assessed 293,198 adults ages 50 to 71 years in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. Participants completed baseline health and physical activity questionnaires between 1995 and 1997 and were followed through 2011, (average follow-up of 13.1 years). There were 5,072 colon cancer cases over the study period. Using latent class trajectory models, we identified seven distinct MVPA trajectories across the adult life course (15-18, 19-29, 30-35, and past 10-years) and ran Cox proportional hazards regression models. RESULTS Compared with those who maintained low MVPA levels, those who maintained high and moderate levels of MVPA had a lower risk of colon cancer [HR, 0.85; confidence interval (CI), 0.78-0.93; HR = 0.87; CI, 0.76-1.00)], and those who increased MVPA levels early and later during adulthood had a lower colon cancer risk (HR, 0.90; CI, 0.80-1.01) and (HR, 0.92; CI, 0.80-1.06), respectively. Those who decreased MVPA early in adulthood had an increased risk of colon cancer (HR, 1.12; CI, 1.02-1.23). These associations were stronger in adults ages <65 years at baseline and in men (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Consistent participation in MVPA throughout life may reduce colon cancer risk. IMPACT These findings emphasize that engaging in MVPA throughout adulthood lowers risk of colon cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cami N. Christopher
- Department of Kinesiology and Public Health, California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo, CA,Department of Population Health Sciences, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA
| | - Charles E. Matthews
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD
| | | | - Sarah Kozey Keadle
- Department of Kinesiology and Public Health, California Polytechnic State University San Luis Obispo, San Luis Obispo, CA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Loggia G, Pellichero A, Moutoussamy I, Morello R, Pothier K, Chavoix C. The PAPA Questionnaire: Assessment of Long-Term Engagement in Activities, with Separate Quantification of Their Physical, Cognitive, and Social Components. Clin Interv Aging 2023; 18:327-341. [PMID: 36891133 PMCID: PMC9987237 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s377917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Engagement in activities promotes healthy living. Evaluating it is a challenging issue. Assessing engagement in activities while differentiating the physical, cognitive, and social component of each activity and taking into account the intensity level involved in each of the three components would be very relevant. Since none of the currently available cognitive reserve and questionnaires on the activities practiced takes into consideration both points, the purpose of this new questionnaire, called Pertinent Activities Practice in Adults (PAPA) questionnaire, is to fill these gaps. Patients and Methods The questionnaire was developed through a literature review and interviews with older adults (n=177 ≥55 years). The intensity level of each item (none, light, moderate, or high) was determined by the compendium of physical activities for the physical component and consensus for the cognitive and social components, then validated by 56 professional experts (6 groups: physiotherapists, neuropsychologists, occupational therapists, geriatricians, etc.). Results The PAPA questionnaire includes 75 items that give rise to 4 scores (sedentary lifestyle and physical, cognitive, and social activity scores) weighted by the frequency, duration, and intensity level for each component. The weighted percentage of agreement of the expert groups for the intensity levels was never significantly lower than the minimum target threshold (80% of the hypothetical median) except in a single domain (cognitive) for an expert group non-specialized in cognition. Cronbach's alpha was ≥0.85. Conclusion This questionnaire, which assesses long-term engagement in activities, with separate quantification of the physical, cognitive, and social components of a wide range of activities, should help guide actions to promote healthy aging and reduce dementia risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Loggia
- COMETE, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, Caen, 14000, France.,Department of Geriatrics, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CHU de Caen Normandie, Caen, 14000, France
| | - Alice Pellichero
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Rehabilitation and Social Integration (Cirris), Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Capitale-Nationale (CIUSSS-CN), Quebec City, QC, G1M 2S8, Canada
| | - Ilona Moutoussamy
- EA 2114, Psychologie des Âges de la Vie et Adaptation, University of Tours, Tours, 37000, France.,UMR CNRS 7295, Centre de Recherche sur la Cognition et l'Apprentissage, University of Tours and University of Poitiers, Tours, 37000, France
| | - Rémy Morello
- Department of Statistics and Clinical Research, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CHU de Caen Normandie, Caen, 14000, France
| | - Kristell Pothier
- COMETE, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, Caen, 14000, France.,EA 2114, Psychologie des Âges de la Vie et Adaptation, University of Tours, Tours, 37000, France
| | - Chantal Chavoix
- COMETE, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, Caen, 14000, France
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kim JW, Byun MS, Yi D, Lee JH, Sung K, Han D, Byeon G, Kim MJ, Jung JH, Chang YY, Jung G, Lee JY, Lee YS, Kim YK, Kang KM, Sohn CH, Lee DY. Association of low meal frequency with decreased in vivo Alzheimer's pathology. iScience 2022; 25:105422. [PMID: 36388975 PMCID: PMC9646955 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the association between meal frequency and Alzheimer's disease (AD) in humans. We tested the hypothesis that low meal frequency (LMF) is associated with reduced in vivo AD pathology in human brain, and additionally investigated the mediation of serum ghrelin, a hunger-related hormone, for the association. A total of 411 non-demented older adults were systematically interviewed to identify their dietary patterns including meal frequency and underwent multi-modal neuroimaging for cerebral beta-amyloid (Aβ) and tau deposition, glucose metabolism, and cerebrovascular injury. LMF (less than three meals a day) was significantly associated with lower Aβ deposition compared to high meal frequency (HMF). In addition, both LMF and reduced Aβ deposition were significantly related to elevated serum ghrelin. Our findings suggest that LMF may be related to the lower risk of AD through reduced brain amyloid deposition. Additionally, ghrelin appears mediate the association between LMF and lower amyloid deposition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jee Wook Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, 7 Keunjaebong-gil, Hwaseong, Gyeonggi 18450, Republic of Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Gangwon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Soo Byun
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahyun Yi
- Medical Research Center Seoul National University, Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Kiyoung Sung
- Department of Psychiatry, Eulji University Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Seoul 01830, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongkyun Han
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Gihwan Byeon
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kangwon National University Hospital, Chuncheon 24289, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Eulji University Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Seoul 01830, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Hyung Jung
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Young Chang
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Gijung Jung
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sang Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Kyeong Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Republic of Korea
| | - Koung Mi Kang
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Sohn
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Medical Research Center Seoul National University, Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lo GH, Vinod S, Richard MJ, Harkey MS, McAlindon TE, Kriska AM, Rockette-Wagner B, Eaton CB, Hochberg MC, Jackson RD, Kwoh CK, Nevitt MC, Driban JB. Association Between Walking for Exercise and Symptomatic and Structural Progression in Individuals With Knee Osteoarthritis: Data From the Osteoarthritis Initiative Cohort. Arthritis Rheumatol 2022; 74:1660-1667. [PMID: 35673832 PMCID: PMC9529782 DOI: 10.1002/art.42241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the relationship between walking for exercise and symptomatic and structural disease progression in individuals with knee osteoarthritis (OA). METHODS We assessed a nested cohort of participants age 50 years or older within the Osteoarthritis Initiative, a community-based observational study in which subjects were enrolled between 2004 and 2006. We focused on 4 dichotomous outcomes from baseline to the 48-month visit, involving determination of the frequency of knee pain and radiographic severity of knee OA on posteroanterior semiflexed knee radiographs. The outcomes assessed included 1) new frequent knee pain, 2) worsening of radiographic severity of knee OA based on the Kellgren/Lawrence grade, 3) progression of medial joint space narrowing, and 4) improved frequent knee pain. We used a modified version of the Historical Physical Activity Survey Instrument to ascertain those subjects who reported walking for exercise after age 50 years. The survey was administered at the 96-month visit (2012-2014). RESULTS Of 1,212 participants with knee OA, 45% were male and 73% reported walking for exercise. The mean ± SD age was 63.2 ± 7.9 years, and the mean ± SD body mass index was 29.4 ± 4.6 kg/m2 . The likelihood of new frequent knee pain was reduced in participants with knee OA who walked for exercise as compared to those who were non-walkers (odds ratio [OR] 0.6, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.4-0.8), and progression of medial joint space narrowing was less common in walkers compared to non-walkers (OR 0.8, 95% CI 0.6-1.0). CONCLUSION In individuals with knee OA who were age 50 years or older, walking for exercise was associated with less frequent development of knee pain. These findings support the notion that walking for exercise should be encouraged for people with knee OA. Furthermore, we offer a proof of concept that walking for exercise could be disease modifying, which warrants further study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grace H. Lo
- Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrea M. Kriska
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | | | - Charles B. Eaton
- Department of Family Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI and Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Marc C. Hochberg
- Department of Medicine and Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - C. Kent Kwoh
- University of Arizona Arthritis Center, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ
| | - Michael C. Nevitt
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Investigation of Fusobacterium Nucleatum in saliva and colorectal mucosa: a pilot study. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5622. [PMID: 35379861 PMCID: PMC8979950 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09587-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
As evidence has been linking the oral bacterium Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) to colorectal tumorigenesis, we aimed to produce preliminary data on the expression of F. nucleatum in both oral and colorectal body sites in cases diagnosed with colorectal neoplasms (CRN) and CRN-free controls. We conducted a pilot hospital-based case-control study among patients who underwent colonoscopy examination. Saliva samples and biopsies from healthy colon mucosa from CRN cases and CRN-free controls, and from tumors in cases, were collected, as well as data on periodontal condition and potential CRN risk factors. A total of 22 CRN cases and 21 CRN-free controls participated in this study, with a total of 135 biospecimens collected and analyzed by qPCR for detection and quantification of F. nucleatum. The detection rate of F. nucleatum was 95% in saliva samples and 18% in colorectal mucosa specimens. The median (95% CI) salivary F. nucleatum level was 0.35 (0.15-0.82) and 0.12 (0.05-0.65) in case and control groups, respectively, with a Spearman correlation of 0.64 (95% CI 0.2-0.94) between F. nucleatum level in saliva and healthy colorectal mucosa in controls. Our study results support the need for and the feasibility of further studies that aim to investigate the association between oral and colorectal levels of F. nucleatum in CRN cases and controls.Clinical Relevance: Considering the current evidence linking F. nucleatum to colorectal carcinogenesis, investigating the role of oral F. nucleatum expression in its colorectal enrichment is crucial for colorectal cancer screening and prevention avenues.
Collapse
|
21
|
Idrissi Janati A, Karp I, Latulippe JF, Charlebois P, Emami E. Periodontal disease as a risk factor for sporadic colorectal cancer: results from COLDENT study. Cancer Causes Control 2022; 33:463-472. [PMID: 35079924 PMCID: PMC8821510 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-021-01541-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer remains the top leading cancer worldwide. Accumulating evidence suggests periodontal pathogens are involved in colorectal carcinogenesis, indicating the need for high-quality epidemiological evidence linking periodontal disease (PD) and colorectal cancer (CRC). Thus, we conducted the first population-based case–control study that was specifically designed to investigate the association between compromised oral health and sporadic CRC. A total of 348 incident cases of colon or rectal cancer, and 310 age and sex frequency-matched controls, from the Montreal island and Laval population participated in the study. Data were collected on PD and on several CRC risk factors using validated questionnaires. A life-course approach was used to document long-term history regarding lifestyle factors. Multivariable unconditional logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the rate ratio (RR) quantifying the association between CRC and PD. Results showed that the rate of new diagnosis of CRC in persons with a positive history of PD was 1.45 times higher than in those with a negative history of PD adjusting for age, sex, BMI, education, income, diabetes, family history of CRC, regular use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, lifetime cumulative smoking, lifetime consumption of red meats, processed meats, and alcoholic drinks, and lifetime total physical activity score (adjusted RR = 1.45; 95% CI 1.04–2.01; p = 0.026). Our results support the hypothesis of an association between PD and sporadic CRC risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Igor Karp
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Jean-François Latulippe
- Department of Surgery, Hospital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Patrick Charlebois
- Department of Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Elham Emami
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health Sciences, McGill University, 2001 McGill College Avenue, Suite 500, Montreal, QC, H3A 1G1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Gorzelitz JS, Trentham Dietz A, Hampton JM, Spencer RJ, Costanzo E, Koltyn K, Gangnon RE, Newcomb PA, Cadmus-Bertram LA. Mortality risk and physical activity across the lifespan in endometrial cancer survivors. Cancer Causes Control 2022; 33:455-461. [PMID: 35040017 DOI: 10.1007/s10552-021-01540-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Physical activity (pre- and post-diagnosis) has been studied in prevention and survivorship contexts for endometrial cancer. However, the association of physical activity (PA) across the lifespan on mortality risk among endometrial cancer survivors is understudied. The study's objective was to identify the association of lifetime PA on mortality risk in endometrial cancer survivors. METHODS Seven hundred forty-five endometrial cancer survivors drawn from a population-based cancer registry (diagnosed between 1991 and 1994) reported the frequency (sessions/week) of moderate- and vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) at age 12, age 20, and 5 years pre-interview (post-diagnosis). Cox proportional hazards were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals for the association between PA, all-cause, and cardiovascular disease mortality as assessed in 2016. MVPA was modeled using natural cubic splines. RESULTS Diagnosis age, body mass index, and smoking (pack-years) were each positively associated with increased all-cause mortality risk. Those who did one session of MVPA 5 years pre-interview had a lower mortality risk (HR 0.61; 95% CI 0.41-0.92) compared to those with no MVPA. Those reporting one session of MVPA was similarly observed at age 12 (HR 0.95; 95% CI 0.86-1.06) and at age 20 (HR 0.87; 95% CI 0.65-1.16). CONCLUSION Those who participated in PA, compared to those who did not, in the 5 years before diagnosis had a lower mortality risk. While PA was not independently protective against mortality risk at ages 12 or 20, PA is still important for endometrial cancer survivors for other non-mortality outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy Trentham Dietz
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, USA
| | - John M Hampton
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, USA
| | - Ryan J Spencer
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, USA
| | - Erin Costanzo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, USA
| | - Kelli Koltyn
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, USA
| | - Ronald E Gangnon
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, USA.,Departments of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, and Statistics, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, USA
| | - Polly A Newcomb
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lisa A Cadmus-Bertram
- Department of Kinesiology, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, USA. .,Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, USA. .,, 1300 University Ave, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sohn BK, Byun MS, Yi D, Jeon SY, Lee JH, Choe YM, Lee DW, Lee JY, Kim YK, Sohn CH, Lee DY. Late-Life Physical Activities Moderate the Relationship of Amyloid-β Pathology with Neurodegeneration in Individuals Without Dementia. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 86:441-450. [PMID: 35068452 PMCID: PMC9210327 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activities (PA) have been suggested to reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. However, information on the neuropathological links underlying the relationship is limited. OBJECTIVE We investigated the role of midlife and late-life PA with in vivo AD neuropathologies in old adults without dementia. METHODS This study included participants from the Korean Brain Aging Study for Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer's disease (KBASE). The participants underwent comprehensive clinical and neuropsychological assessment, [11C] Pittsburgh Compound B positron emission tomography (PET), [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose PET, and magnetic resonance imaging. Using the multi-modal brain imaging data, in vivo AD pathologies including global amyloid deposition, AD-signature region cerebral glucose metabolism (AD-CM), and AD-signature region cortical thickness (AD-CT) were quantified. Both midlife and late-life PA of participants were measured using the Lifetime Total Physical Activity Questionnaire. RESULTS This study was performed on 260 participants without dementia (195 with normal cognitive function and 65 with mild cognitive impairment). PA of neither midlife nor late-life showed direct correspondence with any neuroimaging biomarker. However, late-life PA moderated the relationship of brain amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition with AD-CM and AD-CT. Aβ positivity had a significant negative effect on both AD-CM and AD-CT in individuals with lower late-life PA, but those with higher late-life PA did not show such results. Midlife PA did not have such a moderation effect. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that physically active lifestyle in late-life, rather than that in midlife, may delay AD-associated cognitive decline by decreasing Aβ-induced neurodegenerative changes in old adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Kyung Sohn
- Department of Psychiatry, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Soo Byun
- Department of Psychiatry, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahyun Yi
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Yeon Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Min Choe
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hallym University Dongtan Sacred Heart Hospital, Hwaseong, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Woo Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Kyeong Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Sohn
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea,Correspondence to: Dong Young Lee, Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital & Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea. Tel.: +82 2 2072 2205; Fax: +82 2 744 7241;
| | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
Trzmiel T, Pieczyńska A, Zasadzka E, Pawlaczyk M. The Impact of Lifetime Work and Non-work Physical Activity on Physical Fitness Among White – and Blue – Collar Retirees: A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:745929. [PMID: 34977059 PMCID: PMC8714832 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.745929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The literature offers significant amount of data on the effects of occupational activity on health, with a distinct link between retirement and health among the most frequently tackled topics. Studies on the relationship between past occupational activity and physical fitness among older retirees remain scarce. The aim of the study was to assess the effects of physical activity on physical fitness in white- and blue-collar retirees. Methods: A total of 200 participants (aged ≥60) were included in the study. Lifetime physical activity was assessed using the Lifetime Physical Activity Questionnaire. Mean MET/week/year values of total Physical Activity and for each domain separately (occupational, sports, household) were calculated. Participants were stratified to blue- or white- collar group. Physical performance, hand-grip strength (HGS) and pulmonary function were assessed. Results: Mean total MET/week/year values for the blue- and the white-collar workers were 140.48 ± 55.13 and 100.75 ± 35.98, respectively. No statistically significant differences in physical performance scores were found between the white- and blue- collar groups. Adjustment for age, sex weight and height revealed a statistically significant association between work-related PA FEV*1 in the blue-collar group. White – collar workers presented higher odds ratio for membership in highest quartile in regard to short physical performance battery test score. Conclusion: Only minimal association of type of occupation on physical fitness were found despite statistically significant differences between mean intensity and duration of sports- and work-related lifetime physical activity. These findings may indicate that the type of past work is not an independent factor influencing the state of a person in old age. Large-scale investigations with physically fit and unfit participants, are necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Trzmiel
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
- *Correspondence: Tomasz Trzmiel
| | - Anna Pieczyńska
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Zasadzka
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Mariola Pawlaczyk
- Department and Division of Practical Cosmetology and Skin Diseases Prophylaxis, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kokts-Porietis RL, McNeil J, Morielli AR, Cook LS, Courneya KS, Friedenreich CM. Prospective Cohort Study of Pre- and Post-Diagnosis Obesity and Endometrial Cancer Survival. J Natl Cancer Inst 2021; 114:409-418. [PMID: 34597394 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djab197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disease-free and overall survival associations with anthropometric measures of obesity and changes in these exposures remain unknown among endometrial cancer survivors. METHODS Endometrial cancer survivors diagnosed between 2002-2006 completed direct anthropometric measurements and self-reported lifetime weight history during in-person interviews approximately 4 months after diagnosis (peri-diagnosis) and approximately 3 years after diagnosis (follow-up). Participants were followed until death or March 20, 2019. Cox proportional regression estimated multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for body mass index (BMI), weight, waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio with disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS). Statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS 540 and 425 cancer survivors were assessed peri-diagnosis and follow-up, respectively. During the median 14.2 years of follow-up (range = 0.3-16.5 years), 132 participants had a recurrence and/or died (DFS) with 111 deaths overall (OS). Reduced DFS was noted with greater recalled weight one-year before-diagnosis (HR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.15 to 3.07), BMI one-year before-diagnosis (HR = 1.88, 95% CI = 1.09 to 3.22), and measured peri-diagnosis BMI (HR = 2.04, 95% CI = 1.18 to 3.53). Measured peri-diagnosis waist circumference ≥88 cm was associated with decreased DFS (HR = 1.94, 95% CI = 1.24 to 3.03) and OS (HR = 1.90, 95% CI = 1.16 to 3.13). A two-fold decrease in DFS and OS was associated with ≥5% BMI or weight change from one-year before diagnosis to peri-diagnosis. No associations were observed for the assessment during follow-up. CONCLUSION One-year before- and peri-diagnosis anthropometric measures of obesity were associated with reduced survival among endometrial cancer survivors. Anthropometric changes from one-year before- to peri-diagnosis may provide an important indication of future survival in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renée L Kokts-Porietis
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jessica McNeil
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Health and Human Sciences, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina, USA
| | - Andria R Morielli
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Linda S Cook
- Department of Epidemiology, Colorado School of Public Health, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kerry S Courneya
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christine M Friedenreich
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, Cancer Care Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Torres ER, Bendlin BB, Kassahun-Yimer W, Magnotta VA, Paradiso S. Transportation Physical Activity Earlier in Life and Areas of the Brain related to Dementia Later in Life. JOURNAL OF TRANSPORT & HEALTH 2021; 20:100992. [PMID: 33447516 PMCID: PMC7802755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jth.2020.100992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Efforts to preserve brain function may be most effective when administered before there are changes in the brain, which may occur decades before the onset of Alzheimer's disease symptoms. White matter hyperintensities (WMH), a cardiovascular disease biomarker, are areas of hyperintense signals scattered in the white matter of the brain evident on magnetic resonance images. WMH increase with age and are associated with a higher risk of dementia. The purpose of this study was to determine if there was an association between different domains and intensities of physical activity earlier in life and lower risk of dementia later in life as indicated by less WMH. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, face-to-face interviews were conducted with the Lifetime Total Physical Activity Questionnaire. The metabolic equivalent of task (MET) hours/week/year of moderate (3.0-5.9 METs) and vigorous-intensity (≥6 METs) occupation, transportation, household and leisure-time physical activity was obtained across school-age (6-11), adolescence (12-18), young (19-39) and middle adulthood (40-64). WMH were calculated as the percent of intracranial volume in cognitively unimpaired middle (age 40-64) and older adults (age 65+). Simultaneous multiple linear regression determined associations between moderate and vigorous-intensity occupation, transportation, household and leisure-time physical activity across school-age, adolescence, young and middle adulthood with WMH. RESULTS Greater moderate-intensity transportation physical activity during young (b= -.09, p=.008) and middle adulthood (b= -.14, p=.013) was associated with lower WMH in middle and older adulthood, explaining 28% (p=.003) to 29% (p=.002) of the variance in WMH (n=54). CONCLUSIONS Changes to the physical environment that encourage walking, running or biking, such as sidewalks and bike paths, may be strategies to mitigate the age-related increases in WMH, areas of the brain associated with higher risk of dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa R Torres
- School of Nursing, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, 39216, United States
| | - Barbara B Bendlin
- School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53792, United States
| | - Wondwosen Kassahun-Yimer
- School of Population Health, Department of Data Science, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Vincent A Magnotta
- College of Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Sergio Paradiso
- Institute of Cognitive and Translational Neuroscience INECO Foundation - Favaloro University National Scientific and Technical Research Council Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Gomes MLB, Pinto SS, Domingues MR. Physical Activity and Breast Cancer: A Case-Control Study in Southern Brazil. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:149-157. [PMID: 33590790 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1880607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Physical inactivity is one of the greatest public health challenges in the 21st century. More than five million deaths a year are caused by lack of physical activity (PA) around the world. Despite its relevance to public health, about one-third of the world's adults do not meet current PA recommendations for health benefits. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the association between lifetime PA and risk of breast cancer. A case-control study was conducted between November 2016 and June 2017. The cases were recruited from all cancer centers in the city of Pelotas in southern Brazil. Each case was age-matched (±5 years) with a neighborhood control enrolled based on nearby addresses of the cases. Overall, 230 cases and 231 controls were included. Lifetime leisure-time PA may decrease the odds of breast cancer (adjusted OR = 0.44; 95%CI 0.23-0.86) in the comparison between the most active with the least active quartile. PA was associated with a reduction in the odds of breast cancer. Future studies should aim at understanding the physiological pathways that could explain how an active lifestyle influences this disease, helping in the establishment of volume and intensities necessary to obtain the benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Stephanie Santana Pinto
- Postgraduate Program of Physical Education of Federal, University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
| | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Friedenreich CM, Cook LS, Wang Q, Kokts-Porietis RL, McNeil J, Ryder-Burbidge C, Courneya KS. Prospective Cohort Study of Pre- and Postdiagnosis Physical Activity and Endometrial Cancer Survival. J Clin Oncol 2020; 38:4107-4117. [PMID: 33026939 PMCID: PMC7768343 DOI: 10.1200/jco.20.01336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate associations between pre- and postdiagnosis physical activity and survival in survivors of endometrial cancer by physical activity domain, intensity, dose (metabolic-equivalent task [MET]-hours/week/year), and change from pre- to postdiagnosis. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study in Alberta, Canada, of 425 women who were diagnosed with histologically confirmed invasive endometrial cancer between 2002 and 2006 and observed to 2019. The interviewer-administered Lifetime Total Physical Activity Questionnaire recorded prediagnosis (assessed at a median of 4.4 months after diagnosis) and postdiagnosis physical activity (assessed at a median of 3.4 years after diagnosis). Associations between physical activity and overall and disease-free survival were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for age, stage, grade, treatments, body mass index, menopausal status, hormone therapy use, family history of cancer, and comorbidities. RESULTS After a median follow-up of 14.5 years, there were 60 deaths, including 18 endometrial cancer deaths, and 80 disease-free survival events. Higher prediagnosis recreational physical activity was statistically significantly associated with improved disease-free survival (> 14 v ≤ 8 MET-hours/week/year; hazard ratio [HR], 0.54; 95% CI, 0.30 to 0.96; Ptrend = .04), but not overall survival (HR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.29 to 1.07; Ptrend = .06). Higher postdiagnosis recreational physical activity (> 13 v ≤ 5 MET-hours/week/year) was strongly associated with both improved disease-free survival (HR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.17 to 0.64; Ptrend = .001) and overall survival (HR, 0.33; 95% CI, 0.15 to 0.75; Ptrend = .007). Participants who maintained high recreational physical activity levels from pre- to postdiagnosis also had improved disease-free survival (HR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.18 to 0.69) and overall survival (HR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.20 to 0.94) compared with those who maintained low physical activity levels. CONCLUSION Recreational physical activity, especially postdiagnosis, is associated with improved survival in survivors of endometrial cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christine M Friedenreich
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Linda S Cook
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM
| | - Qinggang Wang
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Renée L Kokts-Porietis
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jessica McNeil
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Charlotte Ryder-Burbidge
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kerry S Courneya
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kokts-Porietis RL, McNeil J, Nelson G, Courneya KS, Cook LS, Friedenreich CM. Prospective cohort study of metabolic syndrome and endometrial cancer survival. Gynecol Oncol 2020; 158:727-733. [PMID: 32600790 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.06.488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Comorbidities are known to increase endometrial cancer risk, but the separate and combined impact of these risk factors on endometrial cancer survival remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the associations between metabolic syndrome and its components with disease-free survival, overall survival, endometrial cancer-specific survival and recurrence among endometrial cancer survivors. METHODS Cases from a population-based case-control study who were diagnosed with primary endometrial cancer between 2002 and 2006 in Alberta, Canada were followed until death or March 20, 2019. Baseline in-person interviews, direct anthropometric measurements and fasting blood samples were used to assess metabolic syndrome (presence of ≥3 of the following: waist circumference ≥ 88 cm, fasting blood glucose ≥100 mg/dL, triglycerides ≥150 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol <50 mg/dL and self-reported hypertension). Cox proportional hazards regression and Fine and Gray competing risk models were used to estimate multivariate-adjusted hazard ratios (95% CI) for these associations. RESULTS Among 540 endometrial cancer survivors, 325 had metabolic syndrome at diagnosis and 132 had a recurrence and/or died during the median 14.2 years of follow-up (range: 0.3-16.5 years). In multivariable analyses, being diagnosed with metabolic syndrome (HR = 1.98, 95% CI = 1.07-3.67) and having an elevated waist circumference (≥88 cm; HR = 2.12, 95% CI = 1.18-3.80; HRper 5 cm = 1.21, 95% CI = 1.07-1.36) were associated with worse overall survival. Additionally, increasing waist circumference (per 5 cm) was also associated worse with disease-free survival (HRper 5 cm = 1.11, 95% CI = 1.00-1.24). CONCLUSION The metabolic syndrome, in particular central adiposity, were associated with worse overall and disease-free survival in endometrial cancer survivors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renée L Kokts-Porietis
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jessica McNeil
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Gregg Nelson
- Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kerry S Courneya
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Linda S Cook
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
| | - Christine M Friedenreich
- Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada; Department of Oncology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Lee SH, Byun MS, Lee JH, Yi D, Sohn BK, Lee JY, Kim YK, Shin SA, Sohn CH, Lee DY. Sex-Specific Association of Lifetime Body Mass Index with Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Biomarkers. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 75:767-777. [PMID: 32333586 PMCID: PMC7369081 DOI: 10.3233/jad-191216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background: Although recent studies indicate that the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) may differ by both sex and age of BMI measurement, little information is available on sex- or age-specific associations between BMI and AD neuropathologies. Objective: To examined whether sex-specific BMIs measured at different life-stages (in early adulthood, midlife, and late life) were associated with cerebral amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition and AD-signature region cortical thickness (AD-CT) in cognitively normal (CN) older adults. Methods: A total of 212 CN subjects aged 60–90 years (females 108, males 104), who participated in the Korean Brain Aging Study for Early Diagnosis and Prediction of Alzheimer’s Disease (KBASE), an ongoing prospective cohort study, were included. All participants underwent comprehensive clinical and neuropsychological assessments, [11C] Pittsburgh Compound B positron emission tomography, and brain magnetic resonance imaging. BMIs at different life stages were calculated. Multiple regression analyses were performed separately for either sex. Results: In males, lower early adulthood or midlife BMI was associated with greater cerebral Aβ deposition, but late life BMI was not. Lower midlife BMI was associated with reduced AD-CT, but the BMI in early adulthood and late life was not. In females, no significant association was observed between any lifetime BMI and Aβ deposition or AD-CT. Conclusion: Our results support a male-specific association between BMI prior to late life, and in vivo AD pathologies. Avoiding underweight status early in life may be important to prevent AD dementia in males, but not females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hoon Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Bucheon Geriatric Medical Center, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Soo Byun
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dahyun Yi
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo Kyung Sohn
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Inje University Sanggye Paik Hospital , Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Kyeong Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong A Shin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Sohn
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Young Lee
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Sylvester BD, Gilchrist JD, O'Loughlin J, Sabiston CM. Sampling sports during adolescence, exercise behaviour in adulthood, and the mediating role of perceived variety in exercise. Psychol Health 2020; 35:1368-1383. [PMID: 32216559 DOI: 10.1080/08870446.2020.1743843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Physical activity levels decline from adolescence to adulthood, but participation in a variety of sports during childhood and adolescence (i.e., sampling) may increase physical activity behaviour during adulthood. We examined the association between sampling sports during adolescence and moderate-vigorous exercise behaviour in adulthood, and we assessed whether this relationship is mediated by perceived variety in exercise. Design: Study 1- prospective longitudinal; Study 2- cross-sectional. Our main outcome was exercise behaviour. Results: In study 1 (n = 775), sampling more sports during adolescence (b = .25, p < .01; 95% CI [.12, .39]) predicted increased frequency of exercise behaviour in young adulthood. In study 2 (n = 108), sampling more sports in adolescence (β = .08, p = .03; 95% CI [.03, .17]) was indirectly associated with exercise behaviour in adulthood through perceived variety in exercise. Conclusion: These findings add to the evidence that sampling sports during adolescence is positively associated with moderate-vigorous exercise during adulthood, and the experience of variety may, in part, explain this relationship. This research generates new hypotheses regarding a potential psycho-social mediator (perceived variety in exercise) of the sampling-exercise behaviour relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin D Sylvester
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Director General Military Personnel Research and Analysis, Department of National Defence, Government of Canada, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Jenna D Gilchrist
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Kinesiology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | | | - Catherine M Sabiston
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Hooijmans MT, Monte JRC, Froeling M, van den Berg-Faay S, Aengevaeren VL, Hemke R, Smithuis FF, Eijsvogels TMH, Bakermans AJ, Maas M, Nederveen AJ, Strijkers GJ. Quantitative MRI Reveals Microstructural Changes in the Upper Leg Muscles After Running a Marathon. J Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 52:407-417. [PMID: 32144857 PMCID: PMC7496541 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.27106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The majority of sports‐related injuries involve skeletal muscle. Unlike acute trauma, which is often caused by a single traumatic event leading to acute symptoms, exercise‐induced microtrauma may remain subclinical and difficult to detect. Therefore, novel methods to detect and localize subclinical exercise‐induced muscle microtrauma are desirable. Purpose To assess acute and delayed microstructural changes in upper leg muscles with multiparametric quantitative MRI after running a marathon. Study Type Longitudinal; 1‐week prior, 24–48 hours postmarathon and 2‐week follow‐up Population Eleven men participants (age: 47–68 years). Field Strength/Sequence Spin‐echo echo planar imaging (SE‐EPI) with diffusion weighting, multispin echo, Dixon, and fat‐suppressed turbo spin‐echo (TSE) sequences at 3T. MR datasets and creatine kinase (CK) concentrations were obtained at three timepoints. Assessment Diffusion parameters, perfusion fractions, and quantitative (q)T2 values were determined for hamstring and quadriceps muscles, TSE images were scored for acute injury. The vastus medialis and biceps femoris long head muscles were divided and analyzed in five segments to assess local damage. Statistical Tests Differences between timepoints in MR parameters were assessed with a multilevel linear mixed model and in CK concentrations with a Friedman test. Mean diffusivity (MD) and qT2 for whole muscle and muscle segments were compared using a multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA). Results CK concentrations were elevated (1194 U/L [166–3906], P < 0.001) at 24–48 hours postmarathon and returned to premarathon values (323 U/L [56–2216]) at 2‐week follow‐up. Most of the MRI diffusion indices in muscles without acute injury changed at 24–48 hours postmarathon and returned to premarathon values at follow‐up (MD, RD, and λ3; P < 0.006). qT2 values (P = 0.003) and perfusion fractions (P = 0.003) were higher at baseline compared to follow‐up. Local assessments of MD and qT2 revealed more pronounced changes than whole muscle assessment (2–3‐fold; P < 0.01). Data Conclusion Marathon running‐induced microtrauma was detected with MRI in individual whole upper leg muscles and even more pronounced on local segments. Level of Evidence 2 Technical Efficacy Stage 3 J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2020;52:407–417.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melissa T Hooijmans
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jithsa R C Monte
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Martijn Froeling
- Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Sandra van den Berg-Faay
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Vincent L Aengevaeren
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands.,Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Robert Hemke
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Frank F Smithuis
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Thijs M H Eijsvogels
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Adrianus J Bakermans
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mario Maas
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Aart J Nederveen
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gustav J Strijkers
- Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Jeon SY, Byun MS, Yi D, Lee JH, Ko K, Sohn BK, Lee JY, Ryu SH, Lee DW, Shin SA, Kim YK, Kang KM, Sohn CH, Lee DY. Midlife Lifestyle Activities Moderate APOE ε4 Effect on in vivo Alzheimer's Disease Pathologies. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:42. [PMID: 32256335 PMCID: PMC7093017 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate whether the midlife cognitive activity and physical activity moderate the relationship between apolipoprotein Eε4 (APOE4) and in vivo Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathologies. In total, 287 non-demented older adults (mean age 72 years) from the Korean Brain Aging Study for the Early diagnosis and prediction of Alzheimer's disease cohort were included. Participants underwent a comprehensive clinical assessment including the evaluation for midlife CA and physical activity, [11C]-Pittsburgh-Compound-B-positron emission tomography (PET), [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose PET, structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and APOE genotyping. We used linear regression and regression-based mediated-moderation models for statistical analyses. Neither midlife cognitive activity nor physical activity moderated the effect of APOE4 on β-amyloid (Aβ) retention itself. Midlife cognitive activity significantly moderated the effect of APOE4 on hippocampal volume [B (SE) = - 627.580 (252.327), t = -2.488, p = 0.014]: APOE4 carriers had smaller hippocampal volume than non-carriers at relatively high cognitive activity state (p = 0.004), but not at relatively low cognitive activity condition (p = 0.937). Midlife physical activity significantly moderated the effect of Aβ retention, which was closely related to APOE4, on AD-signature region cerebral glucose metabolism [AD-CM; B (SE) = 0.004 (0.002), t = 2.030, p = 0.043]: higher Aβ accumulation was associated with lower AD-CM in relatively low physical activity condition (p < 0.001), whereas no such association was observed in relatively high physical activity state (p = 0.791). The findings suggest that high midlife cognitive activity may accelerate hippocampal atrophy induced by APOE4, whereas high midlife physical activity may delay AD-related cerebral hypometabolism by weakening the influence of APOE4-associated Aβ retention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So Yeon Jeon
- Department of Psychiatry, Chungnam National University Hospital, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Min Soo Byun
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Dahyun Yi
- Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun-Ho Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kang Ko
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Bo Kyung Sohn
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jun-Young Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Ryu
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Woo Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seoung A Shin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yu Kyeong Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Koung Mi Kang
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chul-Ho Sohn
- Department of Radiology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dong Young Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea.,Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) observed on magnetic resonance images are associated with depression and increase the risk of stroke, dementia, and death. The association between physical activity and WMHs has been inconsistently reported in the literature, perhaps because studies did not account for a lifetime of physical activity or depression. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to determine the extent to which a lifetime of leisure-time physical activity is associated with less WMHs while accounting for depression. METHODS Face-to-face interviews were conducted with the Lifetime Total Physical Activity Questionnaire, where the metabolic equivalent of task hours per week per year was calculated. Cognitively intact participants also underwent magnetic resonance imaging, where WMHs as a percentage of intracranial volume was obtained. Hierarchical multiple linear regression was performed to compare WMHs in a more active group with a group with no psychiatric history (n = 20, mean age = 62.2 years), with a less active group with no psychiatric history (n = 13, mean age = 64.0 years), and a less active group with history of late-onset depression (n = 14, mean age = 62.8 years). RESULTS There was not a statistically significant difference in WMHlg10 between the more and less active groups without a psychiatric history (b = .09, p > .05) or between the more active group without a psychiatric history and the less active group with a history of depression (b = .01, p > .05). The model was predictive of WMHlg10, explaining an adjusted 15% of the variance in WMHs (p = .041). DISCUSSION A lifetime of leisure-time physical activity was not associated with WMHs when accounting for depression.
Collapse
|
35
|
What happens to bone mineral density, strength and body composition of ex-elite female volleyball players: A cross sectional study. Sci Sports 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scispo.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
36
|
Winer JR, Mander BA, Helfrich RF, Maass A, Harrison TM, Baker SL, Knight RT, Jagust WJ, Walker MP. Sleep as a Potential Biomarker of Tau and β-Amyloid Burden in the Human Brain. J Neurosci 2019; 39:6315-6324. [PMID: 31209175 PMCID: PMC6687908 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0503-19.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent proposals suggest that sleep may be a factor associated with accumulation of two core pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD): tau and β-amyloid (Aβ). Here we combined PET measures of Aβ and tau, electroencephalogram sleep recordings, and retrospective sleep evaluations to investigate the potential utility of sleep measures in predicting in vivo AD pathology in male and female older adults. Regression analyses revealed that the severity of impaired slow oscillation-sleep spindle coupling predicted greater medial temporal lobe tau burden. Aβ burden was not associated with coupling impairment but instead predicted the diminished amplitude of <1 Hz slow-wave-activity, results that were statistically dissociable from each other. Additionally, comparisons of AD pathology and retrospective, self-reported changes in sleep duration demonstrated that changes in sleep across the lifespan can predict late-life Aβ and tau burden. Thus, quantitative and qualitative features of human sleep represent potential noninvasive, cost-effective, and scalable biomarkers (current and future forecasting) of AD pathology, and carry both therapeutic and public health implications.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Several studies have linked sleep disruption to the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Tau and β-amyloid (Aβ), the primary pathological features of AD, are associated with both objective and subjective changes in sleep. However, it remains unknown whether late life tau and Aβ burden are associated with distinct impairments in sleep physiology or changes in sleep across the lifespan. Using polysomnography, retrospective questionnaires, and tau- and Aβ-specific PET, the present study reveals human sleep signatures that dissociably predict levels of brain tau and Aβ in older adults. These results suggest that a night of polysomnography may aid in evaluating tau and Aβ burden, and that treating sleep deficiencies within decade-specific time windows may serve in delaying AD progression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R Winer
- Center for Human Sleep Science, Department of Psychology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720,
| | - Bryce A Mander
- Center for Human Sleep Science, Department of Psychology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California Irvine, Orange, California 92697
| | - Randolph F Helfrich
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Anne Maass
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Magdeburg 39120, Germany, and
| | - Theresa M Harrison
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Suzanne L Baker
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Robert T Knight
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - William J Jagust
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Matthew P Walker
- Center for Human Sleep Science, Department of Psychology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720,
- Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Landers MR, Johnson KN, Johnson S, Ormsby T, Salgo DC, Zorn JB, Lyle J, Murtishaw AS, Salazar AM, Kinney JW. Pre-diagnosis physical activity habits are associated with age of diagnosis in Parkinson's disease. Clin Park Relat Disord 2019; 1:25-30. [PMID: 34316595 PMCID: PMC8288698 DOI: 10.1016/j.prdoa.2019.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Studies suggest that exercise may be neuroprotective when implemented before the clinical presentation of Parkinson's disease (PD). Levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), theorized to play a role in neuroprotection, are affected by its genotype and exercise. Here we explore this previously unstudied interaction on age at diagnosis and severity of symptoms. METHODS 76 participants with PD submitted buccal cells to determine BDNF genotype, completed the modified Lifetime Physical Activity Questionnaire to determine exercise habits, and were assessed using the Movement Disorder Society - Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale III (MDS-UPDRS-III) and the Mini-Balance Evaluations Test (MBT). For aim 1 (age at diagnosis), 60 participants (age = 69.6 ± 7.4; males = 45, females = 15) were analyzed. For aim 2 (severity of symptoms), 54 participants (age = 70.0 ± 7.6; males = 41, females = 13) were analyzed. RESULTS The final hierarchical regression model for age at diagnosis produced an R2 = 0.146, p = .033; however, the only significant variable in the final model was average moderate physical activity from ages 20s to 40s (p = .009). The regression for MDS-UPDRS III was not significant; however, the regression for MBT was, p = .0499. In the final model, 23.1% of the variance was explained. Years since diagnosis (p = .014) and average vigorous physical activity from ages 20s to 40s (p = .047) were the only predictors in the final model. CONCLUSIONS While a strong interaction between BDNF genotype and lifetime physical activity was not observed, our results suggest that lifetime exercise may be neuroprotective in PD. Specifically, higher amounts of moderate PA were associated with an older age at diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merrill R. Landers
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 Maryland Parkway, Box 453029, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
| | - Kyle N. Johnson
- Encompass Health Rehabilitation Hospital of Las Vegas, 1250 South Valley View Blvd, Las Vegas, NV 89102, USA
| | - Samantha Johnson
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, 4505 Maryland Parkway, Box 453029, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA
| | - Tyler Ormsby
- Encompass Health Rehabilitation Hospital of Henderson, Henderson, NV 89052, USA
| | - Danielle C. Salgo
- Custom Physical Therapy, 1450 E Prater Way Unit 103, Sparks, NV 89434, USA
| | - Jessica B. Zorn
- Benchmark Human Services, 11350 Random Hills Road, Suite 885, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - James Lyle
- 11257 Mile 2 E., Mercedes, TX 78570, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Aengevaeren VL, Gommans DHF, Dieker HJ, Timmermans J, Verheugt FWA, Bakker J, Hopman MTE, DE Boer MJ, Brouwer MA, Thompson PD, Kofflard MJM, Cramer GE, Eijsvogels TMH. Association between Lifelong Physical Activity and Disease Characteristics in HCM. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2019; 51:1995-2002. [PMID: 31033902 PMCID: PMC6798742 DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000002015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is characterized by inappropriate left ventricular (LV) wall thickness. Adaptations to exercise can occasionally mimic certain HCM characteristics. However, it is unclear whether physical activity affects HCM genotype expression and disease characteristics. Consequently, we compared lifelong physical activity volumes between HCM gene carriers with and without HCM phenotype, and compared disease characteristics among tertiles of physical activity in phenotypic HCM patients. METHODS We enrolled n = 22 genotype positive/phenotype negative (G+/P-) HCM gene carriers, n = 44 genotype positive/phenotype positive (G+/P+) HCM patients, and n = 36 genotype negative/phenotype positive (G-/P+) HCM patients. Lifelong physical activity was recorded using a questionnaire and quantified as metabolic equivalent of task hours per week. RESULTS We included 102 participants (51 ± 16 yr, 49% male). Lifelong physical activity volumes were not different between G+/P+ and G+/P- subjects (16 [10-29] vs 14 [6-26] metabolic equivalent of task-hours per week, P = 0.33). Among phenotypic HCM patients, there was no difference in LV wall thickness, mass, and late gadolinium enhancement across physical activity tertiles. Patients with the highest reported physical activity volumes were younger at the time of diagnosis (tertile 1: 52 ± 14 yr, tertile 2: 49 ± 15 yr, tertile 3: 41 ± 18 yr; P = 0.03), and more often had a history of nonsustained ventricular tachycardia (4% vs 30% vs 30%, P = 0.03). CONCLUSIONS Lifelong physical activity volumes are not associated with genotype-to-phenotype transition in HCM gene carriers. We also found no difference in LV wall thickness across physical activity tertiles. However, the most active HCM patients were younger at the time of diagnosis and had a higher arrhythmic burden. These observations warrant further exploration of the role of exercise in HCM disease development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent L Aengevaeren
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the NETHERLANDS.,Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the NETHERLANDS
| | - D H Frank Gommans
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the NETHERLANDS
| | - Hendrik-Jan Dieker
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the NETHERLANDS
| | - Janneke Timmermans
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the NETHERLANDS
| | - Freek W A Verheugt
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the NETHERLANDS
| | - Jeannette Bakker
- Department of Radiology, Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the NETHERLANDS
| | - Maria T E Hopman
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the NETHERLANDS
| | - Menko-Jan DE Boer
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the NETHERLANDS
| | - Marc A Brouwer
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the NETHERLANDS
| | | | - Marcel J M Kofflard
- Department of Cardiology, Albert Schweitzer Hospital, Dordrecht, the NETHERLANDS
| | - G Etienne Cramer
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the NETHERLANDS
| | - Thijs M H Eijsvogels
- Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Department of Physiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the NETHERLANDS.,Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, England, UNITED KINGDOM
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Saint-Maurice PF, Coughlan D, Kelly SP, Keadle SK, Cook MB, Carlson SA, Fulton JE, Matthews CE. Association of Leisure-Time Physical Activity Across the Adult Life Course With All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality. JAMA Netw Open 2019; 2:e190355. [PMID: 30848809 PMCID: PMC6484624 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.0355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Although the benefits of leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) in middle age are established, the health effects of long-term participation and changes in LTPA between adolescence and middle age have not been documented. OBJECTIVE To determine whether an association exists between LTPA life course patterns and mortality. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS This prospective cohort study used data from the National Institutes of Health-AARP (formerly American Association of Retired Persons) Diet and Health Study established in 1995 to 1996. Data analysis was conducted from March 2017 through February 2018. Data were analyzed for 315 059 adult AARP members living in 6 states, namely, California, Florida, Louisiana, New Jersey, North Carolina, or Pennsylvania, or 2 metropolitan areas, Atlanta, Georgia, or Detroit, Michigan. EXPOSURES Self-reported LTPA (hours per week) at the baseline interview for ages grouped as 15 to 18, 19 to 29, 35 to 39, and 40 to 61 years. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES All-cause, cardiovascular disease (CVD)-related, and cancer-related mortality records available through December 31, 2011. RESULTS Of 315 059 participants, 183 451 (58.2%) were men, and the participants were 50 to 71 years of age at enrollment. Ten LTPA trajectories (categorized as maintaining, increasing, and decreasing LTPA across time) were identified, and 71 377 deaths due to all causes, 22 219 deaths due to CVD, and 16 388 deaths due to cancer occurred. Compared with participants who were consistently inactive throughout adulthood, participants who maintained the highest amount of LTPA in each age period were at lower risks for all-cause, CVD-related, and cancer-related mortality. For example, compared with participants who were consistently inactive, maintaining higher amounts of LTPA was associated with lower all-cause (hazard ratio [HR], 0.64; 95% CI, 0.60-0.68), CVD-related (HR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.53-0.64), and cancer-related (HR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.77-0.97) mortality. Adults who were less active throughout most of the adult life course but increased LTPA in later adulthood (40-61 years of age) also had lower risk for all-cause (HR, 0.65; 95% CI, 0.62-0.68), CVD-related (HR, 0.57; 95% CI, 0.53-0.61), and cancer-related (HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.77-0.92) mortality. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Maintaining higher LTPA levels and increasing LTPA in later adulthood were associated with comparable low risk of mortality, suggesting that midlife is not too late to start physical activity. Inactive adults may be encouraged to be more active, whereas young adults who are already active may strive to maintain their activity level as they get older.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pedro F. Saint-Maurice
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Diarmuid Coughlan
- Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
- Health Economics and Evidence Synthesis Group, Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, United Kingdom
| | - Scott P. Kelly
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Sarah K. Keadle
- Department of Kinesiology and Public Health, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, California
| | - Michael B. Cook
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Susan A. Carlson
- Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, National Center for Chronic, Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Janet E. Fulton
- Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, National Center for Chronic, Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Charles E. Matthews
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Determinants of changes in physical activity from pre-diagnosis to post-diagnosis in a cohort of prostate cancer survivors. Support Care Cancer 2018; 27:2819-2828. [DOI: 10.1007/s00520-018-4578-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
41
|
Engeroff T, Ingmann T, Banzer W. Physical Activity Throughout the Adult Life Span and Domain-Specific Cognitive Function in Old Age: A Systematic Review of Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Data. Sports Med 2018; 48:1405-1436. [PMID: 29667159 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-018-0920-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of literature suggests that physical activity might alleviate the age-related neurodegeneration and decline of cognitive function. However, most of this evidence is based on data investigating the association of exercise interventions or current physical activity behavior with cognitive function in elderly subjects. OBJECTIVE We performed a systematic review and hypothesize that physical activity during the adult life span is connected with maintained domain-specific cognitive functions during late adulthood defined as age 60+ years. METHODS We performed a systematic literature search up to November 2017 in PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar without language limitations for studies analyzing the association of leisure physical activity during the adult life span (age 18+ years) and domain-specific cognitive functions in older adults (age 60+ years). RESULTS The literature review yielded 14,294 articles and after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, nine cross-sectional and 14 longitudinal studies were included. Moderate- and vigorous-intensity leisure physical activity was associated with global cognitive function and specific cognitive domains including executive functions and memory but not attention or working memory. Most studies assessed mid- to late-adulthood physical activity, thus information concerning the influence of young adult life-span physical activity is currently lacking. CONCLUSIONS Observational evidence that moderate- and vigorous-intensity leisure physical activity is beneficially associated with maintained cognitive functions during old age is accumulating. Further studies are necessary to confirm a causal link by assessing objective physical activity data and the decline of cognitive functions at multiple time points during old age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Engeroff
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University, Ginnheimer Landstrasse 39, 60487, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Tobias Ingmann
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University, Ginnheimer Landstrasse 39, 60487, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Winfried Banzer
- Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe University, Ginnheimer Landstrasse 39, 60487, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Talagala IA, Nawarathne M, Arambepola C. Novel risk factors for primary prevention of oesophageal carcinoma: a case-control study from Sri Lanka. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1135. [PMID: 30454012 PMCID: PMC6245903 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4975-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oesophageal carcinoma (OC) is one of the leading cancers in Sri Lanka. Its increasing incidence despite the implementation of various preventive activities addressing the conventional risk factors indicates the possibility of the existence of novel, country-specific risk factors. Thus, the identification of novel risk factors of OC specific to Sri Lanka is crucial for implementation of primary prevention activities. METHODS A case-control study was conducted among 49 incident cases of OC recruited from the National Cancer Institute, Maharagama using a non-probability sampling method, and unmatched hospital controls (n = 196) excluded of having OC recruited from the endoscopy unit of the National Hospital of Sri Lanka. Data were collected using an interviewer administered questionnaire. Risk factors for OC were assessed by odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI). The risk factors were adjusted for possible confounding by logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Of the study population, OC was common among males (69%) and the majority presented with squamous cell carcinoma (65%) at late stages (Stage IV: 45%; Stage III: 37%). Following adjusting for confounders, the risk factor profile for OC included; age > 65 years (OR = 4.0; 95% CI: 1.2-14.2); family history of cancer (OR = 5.04; 95% CI: 1.3-19.0); sub-optimal consumption of dietary fibre (OR = 3.58; 95% CI: 1.1-12.3); sub-optimal consumption of anti-oxidants (OR = 7.0; 95% CI: 2.2-22.5); over-consumption of deep fried food (OR = 6.68; 95% CI:2.0-22.6); 'high risk' alcohol drinking (OR = 11.7; 95% CI: 2.8-49.4); betel quid chewing (OR = 6.1; 95% CI: 2.0, 20.0); 'low' lifetime total sports and exercise activities (MET hours/week/year) (OR = 5.83; 95% CI: 1.5-23.0); agrochemicals exposure (OR = 6.57; 95% CI: 1.4-30.3); pipe-borne drinking water (OR = 5.62; 95% CI:1.7-18.9) and radiation exposure (OR = 4.64; 95% CI: 1.4-15.5). Significant effect modifications were seen between betel quid chewing and male sex (p = 0.01) and between ever exposure to radiation and age over 65 years (p = 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Risk profile for OC includes novel yet modifiable risk factors in relation to diet, occupation, environment and health. Primary prevention should target these to combat OC in Sri Lanka.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ishanka Ayeshwari Talagala
- National Programme for prevention and control of non-communicable diseases; Ministry of Health, Nutrition and Indigenous Medicine, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Carukshi Arambepola
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Alibhai SMH, Ritvo P, Santa Mina D, Sabiston C, Krahn M, Tomlinson G, Matthew A, Lukka H, Warde P, Durbano S, O’Neill M, Culos-Reed SN. Protocol for a phase III RCT and economic analysis of two exercise delivery methods in men with PC on ADT. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1031. [PMID: 30352568 PMCID: PMC6199786 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4937-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is commonly used to treat prostate cancer. However, side effects of ADT often lead to reduced quality of life and physical function. Existing evidence demonstrates that exercise can ameliorate multiple treatment-related side effects for men on ADT, yet adherence rates are often low. The method of exercise delivery (e.g., supervised group in-centre vs. individual home-based) may be important from clinical and economic perspectives; however, few studies have compared different delivery models. Additionally, long-term exercise adherence and an understanding of predictors of adherence are critical to achieving sustained benefits, but such data are lacking. The primary aim of this multi-centre phase III non-inferiority randomized controlled trial is to determine whether a home-based delivery model is non-inferior to a group-based delivery model in terms of benefits in fatigue and fitness in this population. Two other key aims include examining cost-effectiveness and long-term adherence. METHODS Men diagnosed with prostate cancer of any stage, starting or continuing on ADT for at least 6 months, fluent in English, and living close to a study centre are eligible. Participants complete five assessments over 12 months (baseline and every 3 months during the 6-month intervention and 6-month follow-up phases), including a fitness assessment and self-report questionnaires. Biological outcomes are collected at baseline, 6, and 12 months. A total of 200 participants will be randomized in a 1:1 fashion to supervised group training or home-based training supported by smartphones, health coaches, and Fitbit technology. Participants are asked to complete 4 to 5 exercise sessions per week, incorporating aerobic, resistance and flexibility training. Outcomes include fatigue, quality of life, fitness measures, body composition, biological outcomes, and program adherence. Cost information will be obtained using patient diary-based self-report and utilities via the EQ-5D. DISCUSSION To disseminate publicly funded exercise programs widely, clinical efficacy and cost-effectiveness have to be demonstrated. The goals of this trial are to provide these data along with an increased understanding of adherence to exercise among men with prostate cancer receiving ADT. TRIAL REGISTRATION The trial has been registered at clinicaltrials.gov (Registration # NCT02834416 ). Registration date was June 2, 2016.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shabbir M. H. Alibhai
- University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2J7 Canada
- Toronto General Hospital, 200 Elizabeth St Room EN14-214, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada
| | - Paul Ritvo
- Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON M5G 2L3 Canada
| | - Daniel Santa Mina
- University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2J7 Canada
| | | | - Murray Krahn
- University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2J7 Canada
| | - George Tomlinson
- University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2J7 Canada
| | | | - Himu Lukka
- The Juravinski Cancer Centre, Hamilton, ON L8V 5C2 Canada
| | - Padraig Warde
- University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada
- University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2J7 Canada
- Cancer Care Ontario, Toronto, ON M5G 2L3 Canada
| | - Sara Durbano
- University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4 Canada
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Garber A, Csizmadi I, Friedenreich CM, Sajobi TT, Longman RS, Tyndall AV, Drogos LL, Davenport MH, Poulin MJ. Association between glycemic load and cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults: Results from the Brain in Motion study. Clin Nutr 2018; 37:1690-1699. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
45
|
Torres ER. Validation of the Lifetime Total Physical Activity Questionnaire (LTPAQ) in midlife and older adults with a history of late-onset depression. Arch Psychiatr Nurs 2018; 32:580-584. [PMID: 30029751 PMCID: PMC6055523 DOI: 10.1016/j.apnu.2018.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisa R Torres
- School of Nursing, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Sabiston CM, Wrosch C, Fong AJ, Brunet J, Gaudreau P, O'Loughlin J, Meterissian S. Life after breast cancer: moving on, sitting down or standing still? A prospective study of Canadian breast cancer survivors. BMJ Open 2018; 8:e021770. [PMID: 30056387 PMCID: PMC6067354 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Revised: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Breast cancer (BC) is associated with serious physical and psychological health sequelae that affect quality and quantity of life. Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour can prevent or diminish these sequelae; yet, little is known about how these lifestyle behaviours change after cancer treatment and if these changes affect post-treatment health. The first aim of this study is to describe natural trends in lifestyle behaviours (ie, PA, sedentary behaviour) in women treated for BC. The second aim is to examine the longitudinal associations between lifestyle behaviour changes and (1) physical health (eg, acute symptoms, chronic conditions, body composition, patient-reported fatigue, pain and functioning), (2) psychological health and illness (eg, depression, stress, affect, post-traumatic growth, cancer worry, mood, body image) and (3) biological functioning (eg, cortisol and C-reactive protein). The third aim is to examine modifiable self-regulation (ie, goal adjustment strategies) and motivation constructs (ie, self-determined regulations) that predict trends in lifestyle behaviours. METHOD AND ANALYSIS This is a prospective longitudinal study of 201 women treated for BC. Data (eg, surveys, accelerometers, saliva, blood) are collected every 3 months during the first year after women complete systemic treatment for a first diagnosis of BC, and once every year for 4 years thereafter. Data analyses assess trends and changes in PA and sedentary lifestyle behaviours, examine associations between these trends and changes in health outcomes and identify modifiable predictors of PA and sedentary lifestyle behaviours using multilevel modelling. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION Ethical approval was obtained from the University of Toronto (REB# 28180) and has been funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (#186128). Study findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications, academic conferences, local community-based presentations such as the Canadian Cancer Society and similar organisations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine M Sabiston
- Faculty of Kinesiology and Physical Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Carsten Wrosch
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Ontario, Canada
| | - Angela J Fong
- School of Kinesiology and Health Studies, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer Brunet
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patrick Gaudreau
- School of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Sarkis Meterissian
- Cedar's Breast Clinic, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Dowd KP, Szeklicki R, Minetto MA, Murphy MH, Polito A, Ghigo E, van der Ploeg H, Ekelund U, Maciaszek J, Stemplewski R, Tomczak M, Donnelly AE. A systematic literature review of reviews on techniques for physical activity measurement in adults: a DEDIPAC study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2018; 15:15. [PMID: 29422051 PMCID: PMC5806271 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-017-0636-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The links between increased participation in Physical Activity (PA) and improvements in health are well established. As this body of evidence has grown, so too has the search for measures of PA with high levels of methodological effectiveness (i.e. validity, reliability and responsiveness to change). The aim of this “review of reviews” was to provide a comprehensive overview of the methodological effectiveness of currently employed measures of PA, to aid researchers in their selection of an appropriate tool. A total of 63 review articles were included in this review, and the original articles cited by these reviews were included in order to extract detailed information on methodological effectiveness. Self-report measures of PA have been most frequently examined for methodological effectiveness, with highly variable findings identified across a broad range of behaviours. The evidence-base for the methodological effectiveness of objective monitors, particularly accelerometers/activity monitors, is increasing, with lower levels of variability observed for validity and reliability when compared to subjective measures. Unfortunately, responsiveness to change across all measures and behaviours remains under-researched, with limited information available. Other criteria beyond methodological effectiveness often influence tool selection, including cost and feasibility. However, researchers must be aware of the methodological effectiveness of any measure selected for use when examining PA. Although no “perfect” tool for the examination of PA in adults exists, it is suggested that researchers aim to incorporate appropriate objective measures, specific to the behaviours of interests, when examining PA in free-living environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kieran P Dowd
- Department of Sport and Health Science, Athlone Institute of Technology, Athlone, Ireland
| | - Robert Szeklicki
- University School of Physical Education in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
| | - Marco Alessandro Minetto
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Marie H Murphy
- School of Health Science, University of Ulster, Newtownabbey, UK
| | - Angela Polito
- National Institute for Food and Nutrition Research, Rome, Italy
| | - Ezio Ghigo
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Torino, Italy
| | - Hidde van der Ploeg
- Department of Public and Occupational Health, VU University Medical Center, EMGO Institute for Health and Care Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ulf Ekelund
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,The Department of Sport Medicine, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Janusz Maciaszek
- University School of Physical Education in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
| | | | - Maciej Tomczak
- University School of Physical Education in Poznan, Poznan, Poland
| | - Alan E Donnelly
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Brenner DR, Haig TR, Poirier AE, Akawung A, Friedenreich CM, Robson PJ. Alcohol consumption and low-risk drinking guidelines among adults: a cross-sectional analysis from Alberta's Tomorrow Project. Health Promot Chronic Dis Prev Can 2017; 37:413-424. [PMID: 29236379 PMCID: PMC5765818 DOI: 10.24095/hpcdp.37.12.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Moderate to heavy alcohol consumption is a risk factor for all-cause mortality and cancer incidence. Although cross-sectional data are available through national surveys, data on alcohol consumption in Alberta from a large prospective cohort were not previously available. The goal of these analyses was to characterize the levels of alcohol consumption among adults from the Alberta's Tomorrow Project in the context of cancer prevention guidelines. Furthermore, we conducted analyses to examine the relationships between alcohol consumption and other high-risk or risk-related behaviours. METHODS Between 2001 and 2009, 31 072 men and women aged 35 to 69 years were enrolled into Alberta's Tomorrow Project, a large provincial cohort study. Data concerning alcohol consumption in the past 12 months were obtained from 26 842 participants who completed self-administered health and lifestyle questionnaires. We conducted cross-sectional analyses on daily alcohol consumption and cancer prevention guidelines for alcohol use in relation to sociodemographic factors. We also examined the combined prevalence of alcohol consumption and tobacco use, obesity and comorbidities. RESULTS Approximately 14% of men and 12% of women reported alcohol consumption exceeding recommendations for cancer prevention. Higher alcohol consumption was reported in younger age groups, urban dwellers, those with higher incomes and those who consumed more red meat. Moreover, volume of daily alcohol consumption was positively associated with current tobacco use in both men and women. Overall, men were more likely to fall in the moderate and high-risk behavioural profiles and show higher daily alcohol consumption patterns compared to women. CONCLUSION Despite public health messages concerning the adverse impact of alcohol consumption, a sizeable proportion of Alberta's Tomorrow Project participants consumed alcohol in excess of cancer prevention recommendations. Continued strategies to promote low-risk drinking among those who choose to drink could impact future chronic disease risk in this population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darren R Brenner
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Oncology and Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tiffany R Haig
- Cancer Measurement, Outcomes, Research and Evaluation, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Alberta, Canada
| | - Abbey E Poirier
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Alianu Akawung
- Cancer Measurement, Outcomes, Research and Evaluation, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Alberta, Canada
| | - Christine M Friedenreich
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention Research, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Oncology and Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Paula J Robson
- Cancer Measurement, Outcomes, Research and Evaluation, CancerControl Alberta, Alberta Health Services, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, Faculty of Agricultural, Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Alberta, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Coping With Prediagnosis Symptoms of Colorectal Cancer: A Study of 244 Individuals With Recent Diagnosis. Cancer Nurs 2017; 40:145-151. [PMID: 27044057 DOI: 10.1097/ncc.0000000000000361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) symptoms are often vague and vary in severity, intensity, type, and timing. Receipt of medical care is dependent on symptom recognition and assessment, which may impede timely diagnosis. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to describe and categorize how CRC patients coped with symptoms prior to seeking medical care, examine sociodemographic differences in these coping strategies, and determine the strategies associated with time to seek medical care and overall time to diagnosis. METHODS Two hundred forty-four white and African American patients in Virginia and Ohio who received a diagnosis of CRC and who experienced symptoms prior to diagnosis were administered a semistructured interview and the Brief COPE questionnaire. RESULTS Eighty-three percent used more than 1 coping strategy. Common symptom-specific coping strategies were to "wait-and-see," self-treat, and rationalize symptoms. Males were more likely to wait and see (P < .001); African Americans and Medicaid recipients were more likely to self-treat via lifestyle changes (P's < .01). Younger individuals (<50 years old) had higher Brief COPE reframing, planning, and humor scores; those with lower education and income had higher denial scores (P's < .01). Using more symptom-specific coping strategies and engaging in avoidance/denial were associated with longer time to seek medical care and overall time to diagnosis (P's < .01). CONCLUSIONS Individuals experiencing CRC symptoms use multiple, diverse coping strategies that are influenced by sociodemographic characteristics. Denial is particularly relevant for delay in seeking care and timely diagnosis. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Public health campaigns could focus on secondary prevention of CRC by targeting at-risk groups such as males, African Americans, or Medicaid recipients, who choose waiting or self-treatment in response to initial symptoms.
Collapse
|
50
|
Shi J, Kobayashi LC, Grundy A, Richardson H, SenGupta SK, Lohrisch CA, Spinelli JJ, Aronson KJ. Lifetime moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and ER/PR/HER-defined post-menopausal breast cancer risk. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 165:201-213. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4323-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|