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Wei XY, Tan YQ, Zhou G. γδ T cells in oral diseases. Inflamm Res 2024; 73:867-876. [PMID: 38563967 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01870-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE γδ T cells are a distinct subset of unconventional T cells, which link innate and adaptive immunity by secreting cytokines and interacting with other immune cells, thereby modulating immune responses. As the first line of host defense, γδ T cells are essential for mucosal homeostasis and immune surveillance. When abnormally activated or impaired, γδ T cells can contribute to pathogenic processes. Accumulating evidence has revealed substantial impacts of γδ T cells on the pathogenesis of cancers, infections, and immune-inflammatory diseases. γδ T cells exhibit dual roles in cancers, promoting or inhibiting tumor growth, depending on their phenotypes and the clinical stage of cancers. During infections, γδ T cells exert high cytotoxic activity in infectious diseases, which is essential for combating bacterial and viral infections by recognizing foreign antigens and activating other immune cells. γδ T cells are also implicated in the onset and progression of immune-inflammatory diseases. However, the specific involvement and underlying mechanisms of γδ T cells in oral diseases have not been systematically discussed. METHODS We conducted a systematic literature review using the PubMed/MEDLINE databases to identify and analyze relevant literature on the roles of γδ T cells in oral diseases. RESULTS The literature review revealed that γδ T cells play a pivotal role in maintaining oral mucosal homeostasis and are involved in the pathogenesis of oral cancers, periodontal diseases, graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), oral lichen planus (OLP), and oral candidiasis. γδ T cells mainly influence various pathophysiological processes, such as anti-tumor activity, eradication of infection, and immune response regulation. CONCLUSION This review focuses on the involvement of γδ T cells in oral diseases, with a particular emphasis on the main functions and underlying mechanisms by which γδ T cells influence the pathogenesis and progression of these conditions. This review underscores the potential of γδ T cells as therapeutic targets in managing oral health issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ya-Qin Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Gang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
- Department of Oral Medicine, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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2
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Guarnera L, Santinelli E, Galossi E, Cristiano A, Fabiani E, Falconi G, Voso MT. Microenvironment in acute myeloid leukemia: focus on senescence mechanisms, therapeutic interactions, and future directions. Exp Hematol 2024; 129:104118. [PMID: 37741607 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2023.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a disease with a dismal prognosis, mainly affecting the elderly. In recent years, new drugs have improved life expectancy and quality of life, and a better understanding of the genetic-molecular nature of the disease has shed light on previously unknown aspects of leukemogenesis. In parallel, increasing attention has been attracted to the complex interactions between cells and soluble factors in the bone marrow (BM) environment, collectively known as the microenvironment. In this review, we discuss the central role of the microenvironment in physiologic and pathologic hematopoiesis and the mechanisms of senescence, considered a fundamental protective mechanism against the proliferation of damaged and pretumoral cells. The microenvironment also represents a fertile ground for the development of myeloid malignancies, and the leukemic niche significantly interacts with drugs commonly used in AML treatment. Finally, we focus on the role of the microenvironment in the engraftment and complications of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the only curative option in a conspicuous proportion of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Guarnera
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Santinelli
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Galossi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Cristiano
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Emiliano Fabiani
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Saint Camillus International, University of Health Sciences, Rome, Italy
| | - Giulia Falconi
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Teresa Voso
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy; Neuro-Oncohematology Unit, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Santa Lucia, Rome, Italy.
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3
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Naik S, Triplett BM. Selective depletion of naïve T cells by targeting CD45RA. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1009143. [PMID: 36776371 PMCID: PMC9911795 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1009143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Swati Naik
- *Correspondence: Swati Naik, ; Brandon M. Triplett,
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4
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Gaballa A, Arruda LCM, Uhlin M. Gamma delta T-cell reconstitution after allogeneic HCT: A platform for cell therapy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:971709. [PMID: 36105821 PMCID: PMC9465162 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.971709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is a curative platform for several hematological diseases. Despite its therapeutic benefits, the profound immunodeficiency associated with the transplant procedure remains a major challenge that renders patients vulnerable to several complications. Today, It is well established that a rapid and efficient immune reconstitution, particularly of the T cell compartment is pivotal to both a short-term and a long-term favorable outcome. T cells expressing a TCR heterodimer comprised of gamma (γ) and delta (δ) chains have received particular attention in allo-HCT setting, as a large body of evidence has indicated that γδ T cells can exert favorable potent anti-tumor effects without inducing severe graft versus host disease (GVHD). However, despite their potential role in allo-HCT, studies investigating their detailed reconstitution in patients after allo-HCT are scarce. In this review we aim to shed lights on the current literature and understanding of γδ T cell reconstitution kinetics as well as the different transplant-related factors that may influence γδ reconstitution in allo-HCT. Furthermore, we will present data from available reports supporting a role of γδ cells and their subsets in patient outcome. Finally, we discuss the current and future strategies to develop γδ cell-based therapies to exploit the full immunotherapeutic potential of γδ cells in HCT setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Gaballa
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, National Liver Institute, Menoufia University, Menoufia, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Ahmed Gaballa,
| | - Lucas C. M. Arruda
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Uhlin
- Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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5
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Allogeneic MHC-matched T-cell receptor α/β-depleted bone marrow transplants in SHIV-infected, ART-suppressed Mauritian cynomolgus macaques. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12345. [PMID: 35853970 PMCID: PMC9296477 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16306-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplants (allo-HSCTs) dramatically reduce HIV reservoirs in antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppressed individuals. However, the mechanism(s) responsible for these post-transplant viral reservoir declines are not fully understood. Therefore, we modeled allo-HSCT in ART-suppressed simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV)-infected Mauritian cynomolgus macaques (MCMs) to illuminate factors contributing to transplant-induced viral reservoir decay. Thus, we infected four MCMs with CCR5-tropic SHIV162P3 and started them on ART 6-16 weeks post-infection (p.i.), maintaining continuous ART during myeloablative conditioning. To prevent graft-versus-host disease (GvHD), we transplanted allogeneic MHC-matched α/β T cell-depleted bone marrow cells and prophylactically treated the MCMs with cyclophosphamide and tacrolimus. The transplants produced ~ 85% whole blood donor chimerism without causing high-grade GvHD. Consequently, three MCMs had undetectable SHIV DNA in their blood post-transplant. However, SHIV-harboring cells persisted in various tissues, with detectable viral DNA in lymph nodes and tissues between 38 and 62 days post-transplant. Further, removing one MCM from ART at 63 days post-transplant resulted in SHIV rapidly rebounding within 7 days of treatment withdrawal. In conclusion, transplanting SHIV-infected MCMs with allogeneic MHC-matched α/β T cell-depleted bone marrow cells prevented high-grade GvHD and decreased SHIV-harboring cells in the blood post-transplant but did not eliminate viral reservoirs in tissues.
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Andrlová H, van den Brink MRM, Markey KA. An Unconventional View of T Cell Reconstitution After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation. Front Oncol 2021; 10:608923. [PMID: 33680931 PMCID: PMC7930482 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.608923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) is performed as curative-intent therapy for hematologic malignancies and non-malignant hematologic, immunological and metabolic disorders, however, its broader implementation is limited by high rates of transplantation-related complications and a 2-year mortality that approaches 50%. Robust reconstitution of a functioning innate and adaptive immune system is a critical contributor to good long-term patient outcomes, primarily to prevent and overcome post-transplantation infectious complications and ensure adequate graft-versus-leukemia effects. There is increasing evidence that unconventional T cells may have an important immunomodulatory role after allo-HCT, which may be at least partially dependent on the post-transplantation intestinal microbiome. Here we discuss the role of immune reconstitution in allo-HCT outcome, focusing on unconventional T cells, specifically mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, γδ (gd) T cells, and invariant NK T (iNKT) cells. We provide an overview of the mechanistic preclinical and associative clinical studies that have been performed. We also discuss the emerging role of the intestinal microbiome with regard to hematopoietic function and overall immune reconstitution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Andrlová
- Department of Immunology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
| | - Marcel R. M. van den Brink
- Department of Immunology, Sloan Kettering Institute, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
- Division of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kate A. Markey
- Adult Bone Marrow Transplantation Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States
- Division of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, United States
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7
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Song Y, Zhu Y, Hu B, Liu Y, Lin D, Jin Z, Yin Z, Dong C, Wu D, Liu H. Donor γδT Cells Promote GVL Effect and Mitigate aGVHD in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Front Immunol 2020; 11:558143. [PMID: 33178187 PMCID: PMC7596318 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.558143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Disease relapse and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) are the major complications affecting the outcomes of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). While the functions of αβT cells are extensively studied, the role of donor γδT cells in allo-HSCT is less well defined. Using TCRδ-/- donors lacking γδT cells, we demonstrated that donor γδT cells were critical in mediating graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect during allo-HSCT. In the absence of donor γδT cells, IFN-γ production by CD8+ T cells was severely impaired. Vγ4 subset was the major γδT cell subset mediating the GVL effect in vivo, which was partially dependent on IL-17A. Meanwhile, donor γδT cells could mitigate acute GVHD in a murine allo-HSCT model by suppressing CD4+ T cell activation and the major γδT cell subset that exerted this protective function was also Vγ4 γδT cells. Therefore, our findings provide evidence that donor γδT cells, especially Vγ4 subset, can enhance GVL effect and mitigate aGVHD during allo-HSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Song
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ying Zhu
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bo Hu
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yonghao Liu
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dandan Lin
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ziqi Jin
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhinan Yin
- Zhuhai Precision Medical Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital (Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated With Jinan University), Jinan University, Zhuhai, China.,The Biomedical Translational Research Institute, Faculty of Medical Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chen Dong
- Institute for Immunology and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Depei Wu
- Institute of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Immunology Programme, Life Sciences Institute and Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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8
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T-cell frequencies of CD8 + γδ and CD27 + γδ cells in the stem cell graft predict the outcome after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Bone Marrow Transplant 2019; 54:1562-1574. [PMID: 30723262 DOI: 10.1038/s41409-019-0462-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The impact of intra-graft T cells on the clinical outcome after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation has been investigated. Most previous studies have focused on the role of αβ cells while γδ cells have received less attention. It has been an open question whether γδ cells are beneficial or not for patient outcome, especially with regards to graft versus host disease. In this study, graft composition of γδ cell subsets was analyzed and correlated to clinical outcome in 105 recipients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation between 2013 and 2016. We demonstrate for the first time that grafts containing higher T-cell proportions of CD8+γδ cells were associated with increased cumulative incidence of acute graft versus host disease grade II-III (50% vs 22.6%; P = 0.008). Additionally, graft T-cell frequency of CD27+γδ cells was inversely correlated with relapse (P = 0.006) and CMV reactivation (P = 0.05). We conclude that clinical outcome after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation is influenced by the proportions of distinct γδ cell subsets in the stem cell graft. We also provide evidence that CD8+γδ cells are potentially alloreactive and may play a role in acute graft versus host disease. This study illustrates the importance of better understanding of the role of distinct subsets of γδ cells in allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.
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9
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Sahasrabudhe K, Otto M, Hematti P, Kenkre V. TCR αβ+/CD19+ cell depletion in haploidentical hematopoietic allogeneic stem cell transplantation: a review of current data. Leuk Lymphoma 2018; 60:598-609. [PMID: 30187806 DOI: 10.1080/10428194.2018.1485905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is a curative option for patients with a variety of diseases. Transplantation from a related haploidentical donor is being increasingly utilized for patients who lack an available human leukocyte antigen matched related or unrelated donor. One of the strategies used for haploidentical transplants involves selective depletion of T cells expressing the αβ T cell receptor and CD19+ B cells prior to transplant. This allows for the removal of cells responsible for graft-versus-host disease and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder but maintains hematopoietic progenitor and stem cells for engraftment (CD34+ cells), as well as cells to elicit graft-versus-tumor effect and provide anti-infective activity (such as gamma-delta T cells and natural killer cells). The aim of this review article is to present and discuss the data available to date from studies utilizing this method of transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kieran Sahasrabudhe
- a Department of Medicine , School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin , Madison , WI , USA
| | - Mario Otto
- b Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, and Bone Marrow Transplant, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin , Madison , WI , USA.,c University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center , Madison , WI , USA
| | - Peiman Hematti
- a Department of Medicine , School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin , Madison , WI , USA.,c University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center , Madison , WI , USA
| | - Vaishalee Kenkre
- a Department of Medicine , School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin , Madison , WI , USA.,c University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center , Madison , WI , USA
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10
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Shah RM, Elfeky R, Nademi Z, Qasim W, Amrolia P, Chiesa R, Rao K, Lucchini G, Silva JMF, Worth A, Barge D, Ryan D, Conn J, Cant AJ, Skinner R, Abd Hamid IJ, Flood T, Abinun M, Hambleton S, Gennery AR, Veys P, Slatter M. T-cell receptor αβ + and CD19 + cell-depleted haploidentical and mismatched hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in primary immune deficiency. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2017; 141:1417-1426.e1. [PMID: 28780238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is used as a therapeutic approach for primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs). The best outcomes have been achieved with HLA-matched donors, but when a matched donor is not available, a haploidentical or mismatched unrelated donor (mMUD) can be useful. Various strategies are used to mitigate the risk of graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) and rejection associated with such transplants. OBJECTIVE We sought to evaluate the outcomes of haploidentical or mMUD HSCT after depleting GvHD-causing T-cell receptor (TCR) αβ CD3+ cells from the graft. METHODS CD3+TCRαβ+/CD19+ depleted grafts were given in conditioned (except 3) children with PIDs. Treosulfan (busulfan in 1 patient), fludarabine, thiotepa, and anti-thymocyte globulin or alemtuzumab conditioning were used in 77% of cases, and all but 4 received GvHD prophylaxis. RESULTS Twenty-five patients with 12 types of PIDs received 26 HSCTs. Three underwent transplantation for refractory GvHD that developed after the first cord transplantation. At a median follow-up of 20.8 months (range, 5 month-3.3 years), 21 of 25 patients survived and were cured of underlying immunodeficiency. Overall and event-free survival at 3 years were 83.9% and 80.4%, respectively. Cumulative incidence of grade II to IV acute GvHD was 22% ± 8.7%. No case of visceral or chronic GvHD was seen. Cumulative incidences of graft failure, cytomegalovirus, and/or adenoviral infections and transplant-related mortality at 1 year were 4.2% ± 4.1%, 58.8% ± 9.8%, and 16.1% ± 7.4%, respectively. Patients undergoing transplantation with systemic viral infections had poor survival in comparison with those with absent or resolved infections (33.3% vs 100%). CONCLUSION CD3+TCRαβ+ and CD19+ cell-depleted haploidentical or mMUD HSCT is a practical and viable alternative for children with a range of PIDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi M Shah
- Department of Immunology and BMT, Great North Children's Hospital, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
| | - Reem Elfeky
- Departments of Immunology and BMT, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Zohreh Nademi
- Department of Immunology and BMT, Great North Children's Hospital, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Waseem Qasim
- Departments of Immunology and BMT, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Persis Amrolia
- Departments of Immunology and BMT, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert Chiesa
- Departments of Immunology and BMT, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Kanchan Rao
- Departments of Immunology and BMT, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Giovanna Lucchini
- Departments of Immunology and BMT, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Juliana M F Silva
- Departments of Immunology and BMT, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Austen Worth
- Departments of Immunology and BMT, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dawn Barge
- Immunology Laboratory, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - David Ryan
- Immunology Laboratory, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Jane Conn
- Department of Haemato-Oncology, Northern Center for Cancer Care, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Cant
- Department of Immunology and BMT, Great North Children's Hospital, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Roderick Skinner
- Department of Paediatric Oncology and BMT, Great North Children's Hospital, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Intan Juliana Abd Hamid
- Department of Immunology and BMT, Great North Children's Hospital, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Terence Flood
- Department of Immunology and BMT, Great North Children's Hospital, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Mario Abinun
- Department of Immunology and BMT, Great North Children's Hospital, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Sophie Hambleton
- Department of Immunology and BMT, Great North Children's Hospital, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew R Gennery
- Department of Immunology and BMT, Great North Children's Hospital, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Veys
- Departments of Immunology and BMT, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Mary Slatter
- Department of Immunology and BMT, Great North Children's Hospital, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom
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11
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Donor Cell Composition and Reactivity Predict Risk of Acute Graft-versus-Host Disease after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. J Immunol Res 2016; 2016:5601204. [PMID: 27965986 PMCID: PMC5124677 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5601204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) is a serious complication after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). We designed a functional assay for assessment of individual risk for acute GVHD. Study Design and Methods. Blood samples were collected from patients and donors before HSCT. Two groups of seven patients each were selected, one in which individuals developed acute GVHD grades II-IV and one in which none showed any clinical signs of GVHD. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from donors were incubated in mixed lymphocyte cultures (MLCs) with recipient PBMCs. The cells were characterized by flow cytometry before and after MLC. Results. Samples from donors in the GVHD group contained significantly lower frequencies of naïve γδ T-cells and T-cells expressing NK-cell markers CD56 and CD94. Donor samples in this group also exhibited lower frequencies of naïve CD95+ T-cells compared to controls. After MLC, there were dissimilarities in the CD4/CD8 T-cell ratio and frequency of CD69+ T-cells between the two patient groups, with the non-GVHD group showing higher frequencies of CD8+ and CD69+ T-cells. Conclusion. We conclude that a thorough flow cytometric analysis of donor cells for phenotype and allogeneic reactivity may be of value when assessing pretransplant risk for severe acute GVHD.
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12
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Chevallier P, Robillard N, Illiaquer M, Esbelin J, Mohty M, Bodin-Bressollette C, Guillaume T, Stocco V, Auffray F, Derenne S, Planche L, Bene MC, Imbert-Marcille BM. Characterization of various blood and graft sources: a prospective series. Transfusion 2013; 53:2020-6. [PMID: 23320942 DOI: 10.1111/trf.12072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2012] [Revised: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies comparing cell components of blood and graft sources are very scarce. We present here a thorough study examining the cellular content of various sources of blood and cell therapy products. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We have prospectively compared by fluorescence-activated cell sorting analyses the cellular composition of three blood sources on the one hand--peripheral blood (PB; n = 10) versus granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-mobilized PB (GCSF-PB, n = 10) versus cord blood (CB, n = 10)--and of three graft sources on the other hand--unmanipulated bone marrow (uBM, n = 5) versus leukapheresis product (LP, n = 10) versus thawed CB graft (n = 7). RESULTS All median absolute numbers of cell subsets were found significantly higher in GCSF-PB and LP, except for monocytoid dendritic cells (mDCs) in CB and uBM. The most impressive results were the median quantities of memory T and B lymphocytes but also of plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) contained in LP compared to thawed CB graft, with ratios of 375, 318, and 247, respectively. The proportions of naive and CD4+/CD8- T cells, transitional B cells, and CD5+ and naive B lymphocytes were found significantly higher in CB samples while the proportions of mDCs and pDCs were found significantly lower. CONCLUSION Our study shows strong differences in terms of quantitative and qualitative cellular composition between several blood or graft sources, possibly explaining the differences observed in terms of outcomes after transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrice Chevallier
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique, CHU Hôtel Dieu, Université de Nantes, Centre d'Investigation Clinique en Cancerologie (CI2C) and INSERM U892; Service d'Hematologie/Biologie, Service de Gynecologie/Obstetrique; Cellule de Promotion à la Recherche Clinique, CHU de Nantes; Service de Virologie, CHU de Nantes, and UPRES-EA4271, PRES L'UNAM, Nantes University; Unité d'Ingénierie Cellulaire, EFS Pays de la Loire, Nantes, France
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Improving the safety of tolerance induction: chimerism and cellular co-treatment strategies applied to vascularized composite allografts. Clin Dev Immunol 2012; 2012:107901. [PMID: 23118778 PMCID: PMC3479992 DOI: 10.1155/2012/107901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Although vascularized composite allografts (VCAs) have been performed clinically for a variety of indications, potential complications from long-term immunosuppression and graft-versus-host disease remain important barriers to widespread applications. Recently it has been demonstrated that VCAs incorporating a vascularized long bone in a rat model provide concurrent vascularized bone marrow transplantation that, itself, functions to establish hematopoietic chimerism and donor-specific tolerance following non-myeloablative conditioning of recipients. Advances such as this, which aim to improve the safety profile of tolerance induction, will help usher in an era of wider clinical VCA application for nonlife-saving reconstructions.
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Xuan L, Wu X, Wu M, Zhang Y, Liu H, Fan Z, Sun J, Liu Q. Effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor mobilization on the expression patterns, clonality and signal transduction of TRAV and TRBV repertoire. Immunobiology 2012; 217:816-22. [PMID: 22658922 DOI: 10.1016/j.imbio.2012.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/07/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The immune modulatory effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on T cells resulted in an unexpected low incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (allo-PBSCT). Recently, αβ(+) T cells are identified as the primary effector cells for GVHD. However, whether G-CSF could influence the repertoire of αβ(+) T cells (TRAV and TRBV repertoire) and CD3 genes remains unclear. To further characterize this feature, we investigated the effect of G-CSF mobilization on the T cell receptors (TCR) of αβ(+) T cells (TRAV and TRBV repertoire) and CD3 genes, as well as the association between the changes of TCR repertoire and GVHD in patients undergoing G-CSF mobilized allo-PBSCT. We found that G-CSF mobilization had an effect on the expression patterns, clonality and signal transduction of TRAV and TRBV repertoire. This alteration might play a role in mediating GVHD in G-CSF mobilized allo-PBSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xuan
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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15
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Xuan L, Wu X, Zhang Y, Fan Z, Ling Y, Huang F, Zhang F, Zhai X, Liu Q. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor affects the distribution and clonality of TRGV and TRDV repertoire of T cells and graft-versus-host disease. J Transl Med 2011; 9:215. [PMID: 22171570 PMCID: PMC3261127 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-9-215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2011] [Accepted: 12/15/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The immune modulatory effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on T cells resulted in an unexpected low incidence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (allo-PBSCT). Recent data indicated that gamma delta+ T cells might participate in mediating graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and graft-versus-leukemia (GVL) effect after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, whether G-CSF could influence the T cell receptors (TCR) of gamma delta+ T cells (TRGV and TRDV repertoire) remains unclear. To further characterize this feature, we compared the distribution and clonality of TRGV and TRDV repertoire of T cells before and after G-CSF mobilization and investigated the association between the changes of TCR repertoire and GVHD in patients undergoing G-CSF mobilized allo-PBSCT. Methods The complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) sizes of three TRGV and eight TRDV subfamily genes were analyzed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 20 donors before and after G-CSF mobilization, using RT-PCR and genescan technique. To determine the expression levels of TRGV subfamily genes, we performed quantitative analysis of TRGVI~III subfamilies by real-time PCR. Results The expression levels of three TRGV subfamilies were significantly decreased after G-CSF mobilization (P = 0.015, 0.009 and 0.006, respectively). The pattern of TRGV subfamily expression levels was TRGVII >TRGV I >TRGV III before mobilization, and changed to TRGV I >TRGV II >TRGV III after G-CSF mobilization. The expression frequencies of TRGV and TRDV subfamilies changed at different levels after G-CSF mobilization. Most TRGV and TRDV subfamilies revealed polyclonality from pre-G-CSF-mobilized and G-CSF-mobilized samples. Oligoclonality was detected in TRGV and TRDV subfamilies in 3 donors before mobilization and in another 4 donors after G-CSF mobilization, distributed in TRGVII, TRDV1, TRDV3 and TRDV6, respectively. Significant positive association was observed between the invariable clonality of TRDV1 gene repertoire after G-CSF mobilization and low incidence of GVHD in recipients (P = 0.015, OR = 0.047). Conclusions G-CSF mobilization not only influences the distribution and expression levels of TRGV and TRDV repertoire, but also changes the clonality of gamma delta+ T cells. This alteration of TRGV and TRDV repertoire might play a role in mediating GVHD in G-CSF mobilized allo-PBSCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xuan
- Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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16
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Greater efficacy of tolerance induction with cyclosporine versus tacrolimus in composite tissue allotransplants with less myeloablative conditioning. Plast Reconstr Surg 2011; 127:1141-1148. [PMID: 21364417 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0b013e3182043695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies demonstrated that both cyclosporine and tacrolimus in combination with antilymphocyte globulin could facilitate mixed chimerism and induce tolerance to composite tissue allotransplants under partial myeloablative conditioning. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of cyclosporine and tacrolimus. METHODS Brown-Norway and Lewis rats were used as composite tissue allotransplant donors and recipients, respectively. Cyclosporine groups I (n = 6), II (n = 9), and III (n = 5) received subcutaneous injection of 16 mg/kg cyclosporine (days 0 to 10); intraperitoneal injection of 5 mg of antilymphocyte globulin (days -1 and 10); and 0-, 200-, and 400-cGy total body irradiation (day -1), respectively. Tacrolimus groups IV (n = 6), V (n = 7), and VI (n = 8) received intraperitoneal injection of 1 mg/kg tacrolimus (days 0 to 10) and 5 mg of antilymphocyte globulin (days -1 and 10); and 0-, 200-, and 400-cGy total body irradiation (day -1), respectively. Recipients underwent hind-limb osteomyocutaneous flap composite tissue allotransplantation on day 0. Chimerism levels were determined 2 weeks after composite tissue allotransplantation, and acceptance was defined as complete survival of the composite tissue allotransplant to the endpoint of the experiment at 150 days. RESULTS Chimerism levels 2 weeks after composite tissue allotransplant averaged 3.4, 4.9, 29, 2.4, 4.9, and 16 percent composite tissue allotransplant, and acceptance rates were 0, 33.3, 80, 0, 0, and 13 percent in group I, II, III, IV, V, and VI, respectively. CONCLUSION Despite relatively late development for clinical use in transplantation, tacrolimus has not proved advantageous for composite tissue allotransplant acceptance and tolerance when compared with cyclosporine.
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17
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Huang WC, Lin JY, Wei FC, Liao SK. Induction of Tolerance Through Mixed Chimerism for Composite Tissue Allotransplantation: Insights, Problems and Solutions. Tzu Chi Med J 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1016-3190(08)60018-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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18
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Siemionow M, Klimczak A, Unal S, Agaoglu G, Carnevale K. Hematopoietic stem cell engraftment and seeding permits multi-lymphoid chimerism in vascularized bone marrow transplants. Am J Transplant 2008; 8:1163-76. [PMID: 18444914 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2008.02241.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Vascularized bone marrow transplantation (VBMT) across a MHC barrier under a 7-day alphabeta-TCR mAb and CsA protocol facilitated multiple hematolymphoid chimerism via trafficking of the immature (CD90) bone marrow cells (BMC) between donor and recipient compartments. Early engraftment of donor BMC [BN(RT1(n))] into the recipient BM compartment [LEW(RT1(l))] was achieved at 1 week posttransplant and this was associated with active hematopoiesis within allografted bone and correlated with high chimerism in the hematolymphoid organs. Two-way trafficking between donor and recipient BM compartments was confirmed by the presence of recipient MHC class I cells (RT1(l)) within the allografted bone up to 3 weeks posttransplant. At 10 weeks posttransplant, decline of BMC viability in allografted bone corresponded with bone fibrosis and lack of hematopoiesis. In contrast, active hematopoiesis was present in the recipient bone as evidenced by the presence of donor-specific immature (CD90/RT1(n)) cells, which correlated with chimerism maintenance. Clonogenic activity of donor-origin cells (RT1(n)) engrafted into the host BM compartment was confirmed by colony-forming units (CFU) assay. These results confirm that hematolymphoid chimerism is developed early post-VBMT by T-cell lineage and despite allografted bone fibrosis chimerism maintenance is supported by B-cell linage and active hematopoiesis of donor-origin cells in the host BM compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Siemionow
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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19
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Klimczak A, Unal S, Jankowska A, Coburn C, Siemionow M. Donor–origin cell engraftment after intraosseous or intravenous bone marrow transplantation in a rat model. Bone Marrow Transplant 2007; 40:373-80. [PMID: 17572707 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1705743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
We compared the effects of intraosseous BMT with those of standard i.v. BMT on the efficacy on donor-cell engraftment into the BM and lymphoid organs across an MHC barrier in rats. Twenty-four intraosseous and 24 i.v. BMTs were performed from 48 ACI (RT1(a)) donors to 48 Lewis (RT1(l)) recipients. Each transplant group received either intraosseous or i.v. BMT. Groups I and II served as controls without immunosuppression (n=16); groups III and IV received cyclosporine monotherapy (n=16); and V and VI received alphabeta-TCR monoclonal antibody and cyclosporine A (alphabeta-TCR/CsA) for 7 days (n=16). In each group, four rats received 35 x 10(6) transplanted bone marrow cells (BMCs) and four received 70 x 10(6) cells. All animals survived without GVHD. Mean (+/-s.d.) donor-cell engraftment into BM of recipients after intraosseous BMT was 7.9% (+/-1.3%) in recipients receiving alphabeta-TCR-CsA and 70 x 10(6) BMCs, and 4.2% (+/-1.4%) in recipients after i.v. transplantation. The seeding efficacy of donor cells into lymphoid tissue was greater after intraosseous BMT and alphabeta-TCR-CsA than after standard i.v. transplantation. In our model, intraosseous BMT facilitated donor-cell engraftment under short-term immunodepletive alphabeta-TCR/CsA protocol, which resulted in a temporary state of immune unresponsiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Klimczak
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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20
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Pabst C, Schirutschke H, Ehninger G, Bornhäuser M, Platzbecker U. The Graft Content of Donor T Cells Expressing γδTCR+ and CD4+foxp3+ Predicts the Risk of Acute Graft versus Host Disease after Transplantation of Allogeneic Peripheral Blood Stem Cells from Unrelated Donors. Clin Cancer Res 2007; 13:2916-22. [PMID: 17504991 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-06-2602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recently, high numbers of regulatory T cells within the stem cell graft were described to be associated with less graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after related peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT). Studies in mice also suggest a distinct role of gamma delta TCR(+) T cells in mediating GVHD. Therefore, the aim of this study was to define the yet-unknown role of regulatory and gamma delta TCR(+) T cells in human PBSCT from unrelated donors. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The frequency of both T-cell subsets within the graft was analyzed in 63 patients receiving unrelated allogeneic PBSCT. The respective amounts were quantified by flow cytometry and PCR and further correlated with clinical outcome. RESULTS The grafts contained a median of 11.2 x 10(6)/kg CD4(+)foxp3(+) and 9.8 x 10(6)/kg gamma delta TCR(+) T cells, respectively. Patients receiving more CD4(+)foxp3(+) cells had a lower cumulative incidence of acute GVHD II-IV (44% versus 65%, P=0.03). Interestingly, in patients who received higher concentrations of donor gamma delta TCR(+) T cells, acute GVHD II-IV was more frequent (66% versus 40%, P=0.02). In multivariate analysis, only the graft concentration of gamma delta TCR(+) T cells (P=0.002) and a positive cytomegalovirus status of the recipient (P = 0.03) were significantly associated with the occurrence of acute GVHD II-IV. CONCLUSION Graft composition of T-cell subsets seems to affect the outcome of patients receiving allogeneic PBSCT from unrelated donors. Therefore, selective manipulation or add-back of particular subsets might be a promising strategy to reduce the incidence of GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Pabst
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik I, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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Kaneda H, Adachi Y, Saito Y, Ikebukuro K, Machida H, Suzuki Y, Minamino K, Zhang Y, Iwasaki M, Nakano K, Koike Y, Wang J, Imamura H, Ikehara S. Long-Term Observation After Simultaneous Lung and Intra–Bone Marrow–Bone Marrow Transplantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2005; 24:1415-23. [PMID: 16143265 DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2004.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2004] [Revised: 07/28/2004] [Accepted: 08/15/2004] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although lung transplantation is now an established treatment for end-stage lung diseases, allogeneic transplantation of parenchymal organs requires immunosuppressive therapy to prevent rejection. It has been reported that bone marrow transplantation (BMT) induces specific tolerance to donor organs. We have recently discovered a new method for BMT, which is called intra-bone marrow (IBM) BMT, in which bone marrow cells (BMCs) are injected directly into the bone marrow cavity. We demonstrate that IBM-BMT can be used to induce tolerance even in simultaneous lung transplantations in rats without administering any immunosuppressants. METHODS Allogeneic lung transplantation was carried out from Brown Norway to Lewis rats. Simultaneously, IBM-BMT was carried out. RESULTS Transplantation of nonirradiated lung or nontreated BMCs (T cell-containing BMCs) induced graft vs host disease. Therefore, the donor lung was irradiated, and T cells in the BMCs were depleted by anti-CD4, anti-CD5, and anti-CD8 antibodies plus anti-mouse antibody-coated magnetic beads. Lung allografts with conventional (intravenous) BMT failed to induce tolerance. However, the recipients treated with lung allografts plus IBM-BMT, which showed either mixed chimerism or full chimerism of hematopoietic cells, did not show symptoms of graft rejection or graft vs host disease, even without the use of immunosuppressants. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that simultaneous lung transplantation and IBM-BMT (but not conventional BMT) is effective in inducing persistent tolerance without the use of immunosuppressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kaneda
- First Department of Pathology, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi City, Osaka, Japan
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22
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Koh CY, Welniak LA, Murphy WJ. Lack of correlation between an assay used to determine early marrow allograft rejection and long-term chimerism after murine allogeneic bone marrow transplantation: effects of marrow dose. Biol Blood Marrow Transplant 2005; 11:252-9. [PMID: 15812390 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2005.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The acute rejection of bone marrow (BM) allografts by host effectors can occur within a short period after BM transplantation (BMT) in lethally irradiated mice. Common assays used to ascertain engraftment/resistance involve measuring the growth of granulocyte/monocyte progenitors (colony-forming unit-granulocyte-macrophage) in vitro or splenocyte proliferation assessed by radioisotope incorporation in vivo 5 to 8 days after BMT. However, the correlation of the long-term outcome of BMT with the kinetics of recovery by using the dose of allogeneic BM cells (BMCs) that leads to early rejection as determined by the in vitro assessment has not been extensively studied. Thus, to investigate whether the early rejection of donor BMCs is an indication of a long-term engraftment failure, C57BL/6 (H2b) mice were lethally irradiated and transplanted with various doses of BALB/c (H2d) BMCs. The short-term engraftment of donor precursors (colony-forming unit-granulocyte-macrophage), the kinetics of hematopoietic cell recovery, the extent of donor chimerism, and the proportion of the recipients with long-term survival were determined. The results show that the kinetics and extent of hematopoietic cell recovery were significantly delayed in mice receiving limiting doses of BMCs that were rejected or severely resisted at day 8 after BMT. However, a proportion of these mice survived up to 98 days after BMT with mixed chimerism or donor chimerism. This study demonstrates that early rejection of BM precursors, as assessed by measurement of myeloid progenitors in the spleen after BMT, does not always correlate with the long-term outcome of the marrow allograft and that significant variability is inherent in the extent of chimerism when threshold amounts of BMCs are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crystal Y Koh
- Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Transplantation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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23
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Maeda Y, Reddy P, Lowler KP, Liu C, Bishop DK, Ferrara JLM. Critical role of host gammadelta T cells in experimental acute graft-versus-host disease. Blood 2005; 106:749-55. [PMID: 15797996 PMCID: PMC1895173 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2004-10-4087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2004] [Accepted: 12/03/2004] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Gammadelta T cells localize to target tissues of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and therefore we investigated the role of host gammadelta T cells in the pathogenesis of acute GVHD in several well-characterized allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) models. Depletion of host gammadelta T cells in wild-type (wt) B6 recipients by administration of anti-T-cell receptor (TCR) gammadelta monoclonal antibody reduced GVHD, and gammadelta T-cell-deficient (gammadelta-/-) BM transplant recipients experienced markedly improved survival compared with normal controls (63% vs 10%, P < .001). gammadelta T cells were responsible for this difference because reconstitution of gammadelta-/- recipients with gammadelta T cells restored GVHD mortality. gammadelta-/- recipients showed decreased serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), less GVHD histopathologic damage, and reduced donor T-cell expansion. Mechanistic analysis of this phenomenon demonstrated that dendritic cells (DCs) from gammadelta-/- recipients exhibited less allostimulatory capacity compared to wt DCs after irradiation. Normal DCs derived from BM caused greater allogeneic T-cell proliferation when cocultured with gammadelta T cells than DCs cocultured with medium alone. This enhancement did not depend on interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), TNF-alpha, or CD40 ligand but did depend on cell-to-cell contact. These data demonstrated that the host gammadelta T cells exacerbate GVHD by enhancing the allostimulatory capacity of host antigen-presenting cells.
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MESH Headings
- Acute Disease
- Adoptive Transfer
- Animals
- Bone Marrow Transplantation/adverse effects
- Bone Marrow Transplantation/immunology
- Bone Marrow Transplantation/pathology
- CD40 Ligand/genetics
- CD40 Ligand/metabolism
- Cell Adhesion
- Cell Communication
- Dendritic Cells/immunology
- Female
- Graft vs Host Disease/etiology
- Graft vs Host Disease/immunology
- Graft vs Host Disease/pathology
- Interferon-gamma/deficiency
- Interferon-gamma/genetics
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/deficiency
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/genetics
- Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta/metabolism
- T-Lymphocyte Subsets/immunology
- Transplantation, Homologous
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/deficiency
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/genetics
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshinobu Maeda
- Department of Internal Medicine, 6310 CCGC, University of Michigan Cancer Center, 1500 East Medical Center Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0942, USA
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Zhang JL, Cai J, Jackson JD, Walls S, Kuszynski CA, Fox IJ. Competitive equality of donor cells expressing a disparate MHC antigen following stem cell-enriched bone marrow transplantation. Transplantation 2005; 79:1332-7. [PMID: 15912100 DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000159871.01132.5d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bone marrow cells expressing foreign MHC antigens survive poorly after transplantation. Stable mixed hematopoietic chimerism requires reconstitution with a relatively large number of foreign bone marrow cells and intensive depletion of host cells. In addition, when foreign MHC-transduced autologous bone marrow cells are transplanted, prolonged hematopoietic transgene expression requires extensive host conditioning. The competitive disadvantage associated with engraftment of donor cells expressing foreign MHC antigens is thought to result from a defect in engraftment secondary to donor-host incompatibility or immunologic resistance by the host. METHODS We used a limiting-dilution competitive repopulation assay with cells from HLA-A2.1 transgenic mice to determine whether and to what extent foreign MHC antigen expression impairs engraftment in C57BL/6 hosts. Transplants were performed with Hoechst 33342 fluorescence-sorted side population (SP) cells, a subset of bone marrow enriched for stem cells. RESULTS.: Transplantation with 250 stem cell-enriched HLA-A2.1-transgenic side population cells successfully competed with nearly 5000 host C57BL/6 side population cells to produce stable long-term mixed chimerism. There was a direct relationship between the number of transplanted donor HLA-A2-expressing cells and the percentage of HLA-A2-expressing cells in the peripheral blood of reconstituted C57BL/6 mice (r2=0.1799, P=0.031). This correlation was maintained in secondary transplant recipients. CONCLUSIONS HLA-A2-expressing hematopoietic cells do not have an engraftment defect when transplanted into C57BL/6 hosts and immunologic resistance did not limit chimerism following lethal irradiation. These results may have relevance to understanding long-term gene expression after hematopoietic stem cell based gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Lin Zhang
- Departments of Surgery, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska 68198-3285, USA
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DeFina RA, Liang Y, He H, Haley KJ, Christopher K, Finn PW, Perkins DL. Analysis of immunoglobulin and T-cell receptor gene deficiency in graft rejection by gene expression profiles1. Transplantation 2004; 77:580-6. [PMID: 15084939 DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000113803.45613.f8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lymphocyte antigen receptors are critical for allograft rejection, but their precise involvement is only partly understood. Some members of the immunoglobulin superfamily (e.g., alphabeta T-cell receptors [TCR]) are known to be crucial for acute allograft rejection, but the role of other members remains poorly defined. METHODS In this study, the authors analyzed two poorly understood receptors, TCRgammadelta and B-cell receptors (BCR), in allograft rejection in a murine model of cardiac transplantation. Using ribonuclease protection assays, their approach was a comprehensive analysis of the expression of immune and inflammatory genes. The mice included those with deficiencies of gammadelta TCR or BCR and alymphoid (recombination activating gene [RAG] knockout) mice. Because the RAG mice lack all TCR and BCR, they provide a baseline with which to compare the effects of TCRgammadelta and BCR deficiency. RESULTS Graft survival was extended in the TCRgammadelta- and BCR-deficient mice. Furthermore, the authors were able to identify groups of genes modulated by specific receptors. Five and six genes were expressed at lower levels in the BCR- and TCRgammadelta-deficient groups, respectively. The authors also found eight genes that were at higher levels in the TCRgammadelta-deficient group, suggesting that these receptors have both pro- and antirejection effects. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the authors' study shows that the individual regulatory effects of these different lymphocyte antigen receptors are distinct. In addition, several genes are identified that are candidates as necessary for rejection. This has crucial implications for developing clinical therapies that target specific mechanisms for prolonging graft survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A DeFina
- Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Tai CY, Strande LF, Eydelman R, Sheng X, VanTran JL, Matthews MS, Hewitt CW. Absence of graft-versus-host disease in the isolated vascularized bone marrow transplant. Transplantation 2004; 77:316-9. [PMID: 14743002 DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000101511.11171.ef] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
An isolated vascularized bone marrow transplant (iVBMT) model was developed to study the contribution of the bone marrow component in a composite tissue allograft. We hypothesized that the iVBMT would be functional and cause graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in a fraction of the recipients. Lewis iVBMT grafts were transplanted to Lewis-Brown Norway recipients. Animals were sacrificed at various times from 1 to 14 weeks. Polymerase chain reaction for microchimerism was performed on the host's marrow. No animals exhibited signs of GVHD at death. Histologic examination of the grafts showed a normal mix of hematopoietic and fatty elements and appeared to be functional. Tissues usually affected-tongue, ear, liver, and gut-also showed no evidence of disease. Polymerase chain reaction demonstrated microchimerism in both groups. These findings suggest that the vascularized bone marrow within a composite tissue allograft is not the component that causes GVHD; rather, it may serve an immunomodulatory function for tolerance induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chau Y Tai
- Department of Surgery, Cooper Health System, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Camden, NJ, USA
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Prabhune KA, Gorantla VS, Perez-Abadia G, Francois CG, Vossen M, Laurentin-Perez LA, Breidenbach WC, Wang GG, Anderson GL, Pidwell DJ, Barker JH, Maldonado C. Composite tissue allotransplantation in chimeric hosts part II. A clinically relevant protocol to induce tolerance in a rat model. Transplantation 2003; 76:1548-55. [PMID: 14702522 DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000085288.12571.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We and others have shown that mixed allogeneic chimerism induces donor-specific tolerance to composite tissue allografts across major histocompatibility complex barriers without the need for immunosuppression. However, a delay period between bone marrow transplantation and limb allotransplantation is required, making such protocols impractical for clinical application. This study eliminates this delay period in a rat hind limb allotransplantation model by performing mixed allogeneic chimerism induction and transplantation "simultaneously." METHODS Group 1 included controls in which naïve Wistar Furth (WF) hosts received ACI hind limbs. Group 2 included (ACI-->WF) chimeras that received limbs from third-party donors (Fisher), and group 3 included chimeras that received irradiated (1,050 cGy) ACI limbs. In group 4, WF hosts conditioned with 950 cGy received irradiated (1,050 cGy) ACI limbs followed by infusion of 100 x 10(6) ACI T-cell-depleted bone marrow cells and immunotherapy (tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil) for 28 days. Group 5 animals received the same treatment as group 4 animals without immunotherapy. RESULTS The rats in groups 1 and 2 rejected their limbs within 10 days. Only one rat in group 4 survived to the end of the study. Groups 3 and 5 demonstrated long-term limb survival without rejection or graft-versus-host disease. High levels of donor chimerism (>80%) were achieved and maintained throughout the study. Mixed lymphocyte reaction assays in both groups revealed donor-specific hyporesponsiveness with vigorous third-party reactivity. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that infusion of donor bone marrow cells into conditioned hosts immediately after limb transplantation results in stable mixed chimerism, robust tolerance, and reliable limb allograft survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaustubha A Prabhune
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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Gorantla VS, Prabhune KA, Perez-Abadia G, Ildstad ST, Maldonado C, Orhun HI, Majzoub RK, Francois CG, Kakoulidis TP, Brouha PCR, Anderson GL, Pidwell DJ, Breidenbach WC, Barker JH. Composite tissue allotransplantation in chimeric hosts: part I. Prevention of graft-versus-host disease. Transplantation 2003; 75:922-32. [PMID: 12698075 DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000058302.45424.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mixed allogeneic chimerism (MAC) has been shown to induce tolerance to composite tissue allografts (CTA). However, transplantation of unmanipulated donor-specific limbs results in severe graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). This suggests that nontolerant mature donor-derived cells in the CTA may affect the stability of chimerism, potentially resulting in GVHD. The aim of this study was to develop an approach to study and prevent GVHD in a mixed chimeric-rat hind-limb transplantation model. METHODS [ACI-->WF] chimeras received a limb from Wistar Furth (WF) (syngeneic), Fisher (third-party), or ACI (irradiated [1,050 cGy] or nonirradiated) rats. In vitro tolerance was assessed using mixed lymphocyte reactivity (MLR) assays at the time the animals were killed. RESULTS [ACI-->WF] chimeras with greater than 85% chimerism exhibited rejection-free survival of donor-specific hind limbs. However, 100% of these animals developed lethal GVHD 22.4+/-2.8 days after limb transplantation. [ACI-->WF] chimeras that underwent transplantation with irradiated ACI or syngeneic WF limbs showed no signs of rejection or GVHD at 5 months. Nonchimeric and third-party controls rejected limbs within 10 days. CONCLUSIONS Conditioning of the host WF rats with 950 cGy of irradiation (sublethal, myeloablative) led to high levels of MAC without GVHD. The mature T-cell content of nonirradiated donor (ACI) limbs was sufficient to induce lethal GVHD in 100% of tolerant mixed chimeric [ACI-->WF] hosts. Irradiation of donor limbs before transplantation resulted in long-term donor-specific tolerance and prevented GVHD. These data demonstrate that (1) established chimeras could be susceptible to GVHD caused by immunocompetent donor cells transferred with the hind limb, and (2) inactivating these cells with irradiation prevents GVHD and destabilization of chimerism, and permits rejection-free graft acceptance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay S Gorantla
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Plastic Surgery Research, University of Louisville, 511 South Floyd Street, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
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