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Battegay M, Khaled S, Reitz L, Balaya V, Von Theobald P, Boukerrou M, Tran PL. [Prevalence of menorrhagia among women in Reunion Island]. GYNECOLOGIE, OBSTETRIQUE, FERTILITE & SENOLOGIE 2024:S2468-7189(24)00041-2. [PMID: 38342237 DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2024.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To estimate the prevalence of menorrhagia in women in Reunion Island using the Higham score, to evaluate self-reporting as an alternative diagnostic method, and to study women's level of knowledge about menorrhagia and its impact on their quality of life. METHODS This was a descriptive, cross-sectional observational study involving 185 adult women with menstrual periods living in Reunion Island. Women volunteered to answer an online self-questionnaire proposed by healthcare professionals from January to May 2023 in Reunion Island. They completed a general information questionnaire, the Higham score, a menorrhagia knowledge questionnaire and a menstrual quality of life questionnaire. RESULTS The prevalence of menorrhagia in the sample was 48.1% using the Higham score and 46.5% using self-report. Women's level of knowledge about menorrhagia is still insufficient, given the significant impact on quality of life during menstruation among those suffering from this symptom. CONCLUSION The prevalence of menorrhagia in our sample of women on Reunion Island is high. Measures need to be taken to break the taboos surrounding menstruation, promote menstrual education and foster a better understanding by women of menstrual pathologies, particularly menorrhagia. Early detection of this symptom would enable faster treatment and avoid complications and adverse effects on quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Battegay
- Université de la Réunion, UFR santé, 40, avenue de Soweto - Terre-Sainte, BP 373, 97455 Saint-Pierre cedex, Réunion
| | - Samy Khaled
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, centre hospitalier universitaire Sud-Réunion, BP 350, 97448 Saint-Pierre cedex, Réunion
| | - Laurianne Reitz
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, centre hospitalier universitaire Nord-Réunion, allée des topazes, 97400 Saint-Denis, Réunion
| | - Vincent Balaya
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, centre hospitalier universitaire Nord-Réunion, allée des topazes, 97400 Saint-Denis, Réunion
| | - Peter Von Theobald
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, centre hospitalier universitaire Nord-Réunion, allée des topazes, 97400 Saint-Denis, Réunion
| | - Malik Boukerrou
- Université de la Réunion, UFR santé, 40, avenue de Soweto - Terre-Sainte, BP 373, 97455 Saint-Pierre cedex, Réunion; Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, centre hospitalier universitaire Sud-Réunion, BP 350, 97448 Saint-Pierre cedex, Réunion; Centre d'études périnatales de l'océan Indien (UR 7388), université de la Réunion, Saint-Pierre, France
| | - Phuong Lien Tran
- Université de la Réunion, UFR santé, 40, avenue de Soweto - Terre-Sainte, BP 373, 97455 Saint-Pierre cedex, Réunion; Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, centre hospitalier universitaire Sud-Réunion, BP 350, 97448 Saint-Pierre cedex, Réunion; Inserm, CIC 1410, Reunion University Hospital, 97448 Saint-Pierre, France.
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2
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Brun JL, Plu-Bureau G, Huchon C, Ah-Kit X, Barral M, Chauvet P, Cornelis F, Cortet M, Crochet P, Delporte V, Dubernard G, Giraudet G, Gosset A, Graesslin O, Hugon-Rodin J, Lecointre L, Legendre G, Maitrot-Mantelet L, Marcellin L, Miquel L, Le Mitouard M, Proust C, Roquette A, Rousset P, Sangnier E, Sapoval M, Thubert T, Torre A, Trémollières F, Vernhet-Kovacsik H, Vidal F, Marret H. Management of women with abnormal uterine bleeding: Clinical practice guidelines of the French National College of Gynaecologists and Obstetricians (CNGOF). Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2023; 288:90-107. [PMID: 37499278 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2023.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide French guidelines for the management of women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). DESIGN A consensus committee of 26 experts was formed. A formal conflict-of-interest policy was developed at the beginning of the process and enforced throughout. The entire guidelines process was conducted independently of any industry funding (i.e. pharmaceutical or medical device companies). The authors were advised to follow the rules of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE®) system to guide assessment of quality of evidence. The potential drawbacks of making strong recommendations in the presence of low-quality evidence were emphasized. METHODS The last guidelines from the Collège National des Gynécologues et Obstétriciens Français on the management of women with AUB were published in 2008. The literature seems now sufficient for an update. The committee studied questions within 7 fields (diagnosis; adolescents; idiopathic AUB; endometrial hyperplasia and polyps; type 0-2 fibroids; type 3 or higher fibroids; and adenomyosis). Each question was formulated in a PICO (Patients, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) format and evidence profiles were compiled. The GRADE® methodology was applied to the literature review and the formulation of recommendations. RESULTS The experts' synthesis work and the application of the GRADE method resulted in 36 recommendations. Among the formalized recommendations, 19 are strong and 17 weak. No response was found in the literature for 14 questions. We chose to abstain from recommendations rather than providing advice based solely on expert clinical experience. CONCLUSIONS The 36 recommendations make it possible to specify the diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for various clinical situations practitioners encounter, from the simplest to the most complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Brun
- Service de chirurgie gynécologique, centre Aliénor d'Aquitaine, hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, Place Amélie Raba Léon, 33076 Bordeaux, France.
| | - G Plu-Bureau
- Unité de gynécologie médicale, hôpital Port-Royal Cochin, AP-HP, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
| | - C Huchon
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, hôpital Lariboisière, AP-HP, 2 rue Ambroise Paré, 75010 Paris, France
| | - X Ah-Kit
- Service de chirurgie gynécologique, centre Aliénor d'Aquitaine, hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, Place Amélie Raba Léon, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - M Barral
- Service de radiologie interventionnelle, hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
| | - P Chauvet
- Service de chirurgie gynécologique, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 1 Place Lucie et Raymond Aubrac, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - F Cornelis
- Service de radiologie interventionnelle, hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
| | - M Cortet
- Service de gynécologie, hôpital Croix Rousse, CHU Lyon, 103 grande rue de la Croix-Rousse, 69004 Lyon, France
| | - P Crochet
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, hôpital de la Conception, CHU Marseille, 147 boulevard Baille, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - V Delporte
- Service de gynécologie, hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille, 49 rue de Valmy, 59000 Lille, France
| | - G Dubernard
- Service de gynécologie, hôpital Croix Rousse, CHU Lyon, 103 grande rue de la Croix-Rousse, 69004 Lyon, France
| | - G Giraudet
- Service de gynécologie, hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille, 49 rue de Valmy, 59000 Lille, France
| | - A Gosset
- Centre de ménopause et maladies osseuses métaboliques, hôpital Paule de Viguier, CHU, 330 Avenue de Grande-Bretagne, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - O Graesslin
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, institut mère enfant Alix de Champagne, CHU Reims, 45 rue Cognac-Jay, 51092 Reims, France
| | - J Hugon-Rodin
- Unité de gynécologie médicale, hôpital Port-Royal Cochin, AP-HP, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
| | - L Lecointre
- Service de chirurgie gynécologique, CHU Strasbourg, 1 avenue Molière, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - G Legendre
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, CHU Angers, 4 rue Larrey, 49933 Angers, France
| | - L Maitrot-Mantelet
- Unité de gynécologie médicale, hôpital Port-Royal Cochin, AP-HP, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
| | - L Marcellin
- Unité de gynécologie médicale, hôpital Port-Royal Cochin, AP-HP, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
| | - L Miquel
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, hôpital de la Conception, CHU Marseille, 147 boulevard Baille, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - M Le Mitouard
- Service de gynécologie, hôpital Croix Rousse, CHU Lyon, 103 grande rue de la Croix-Rousse, 69004 Lyon, France
| | - C Proust
- Service de chirurgie pelvienne gynécologique et oncologique, hôpital Bretonneau, CHRU Tours, 2 boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France
| | - A Roquette
- Unité de gynécologie médicale, hôpital Port-Royal Cochin, AP-HP, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
| | - P Rousset
- Service de radiologie, hôpital Sud, CHU Lyon, 165 chemin du Grand Revoyet, 69495 Pierre-Benite, France
| | - E Sangnier
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, institut mère enfant Alix de Champagne, CHU Reims, 45 rue Cognac-Jay, 51092 Reims, France
| | - M Sapoval
- Service de radiologie interventionnelle, hôpital europeen Georges-Pompidou, APHP, 20 rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
| | - T Thubert
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, Hotel Dieu, CHU Nantes, 38, boulevard Jean-Monnet, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - A Torre
- Centre de procréation médicalement assistée, centre hospitalier Sud Francilien, 40 avenue Serge Dassault, 91106 Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - F Trémollières
- Centre de ménopause et maladies osseuses métaboliques, hôpital Paule de Viguier, CHU, 330 Avenue de Grande-Bretagne, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - H Vernhet-Kovacsik
- Service d'imagerie thoracique et vasculaire, hôpital Arnaud-de-Villeneuve, CHU Montpellier, 371 avenue du Doyen-Gaston-Giraud, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - F Vidal
- Centre de ménopause et maladies osseuses métaboliques, hôpital Paule de Viguier, CHU, 330 Avenue de Grande-Bretagne, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - H Marret
- Service de chirurgie pelvienne gynécologique et oncologique, hôpital Bretonneau, CHRU Tours, 2 boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France
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Bargehr C, Knöfler R, Streif W. Treatment of Inherited Platelet Disorders: Current Status and Future Options. Hamostaseologie 2023; 43:261-270. [PMID: 37611608 DOI: 10.1055/a-2080-6602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Inherited platelet disorders (IPDs) comprise a heterogeneous group of entities that manifest with variable bleeding tendencies. For successful treatment, the underlying platelet disorder, bleeding severity and location, age, and sex must be considered in the broader clinical context. Previous information from the AWMF S2K guideline #086-004 (www.awmf.org) is evaluated for validity and supplemented by information of new available and future treatment options and clinical scenarios that need specific measures. Special attention is given to the treatment of menorrhagia and risk management during pregnancy in women with IPDs. Established treatment options of IPDs include local hemostatic treatment, tranexamic acid, desmopressin, platelet concentrates, and recombinant activated factor VII. Hematopoietic stem cell therapy is a curative approach for selected patients. We also provide an outlook on promising new therapies. These include autologous hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy, artificial platelets and nanoparticles, and various other procoagulant treatments that are currently tested in clinical trials in the context of hemophilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Bargehr
- Department of Paediatrics 1, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ralf Knöfler
- Department of Paediatric Haemostaseology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Werner Streif
- Department of Paediatrics 1, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Swaminathan N, Sharathkumar A, Dowlut-McElroy T. Reproductive Tract Bleeding in Adolescent and Young Adult Females with Inherited Bleeding Disorders: An Underappreciated Problem. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2022; 35:614-623. [PMID: 35830928 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Reproductive tract bleeding is an underappreciated health care problem among adolescent and young adult (AYA) females with inherited bleeding disorders (IBDs) comprising von Willebrand disease, platelet disorders, hemophilia carriership, and rare factor deficiencies. IBDs are prevalent in women of all ages and have been detected in about 50% of women with menorrhagia or heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) and about 20% of women with postpartum hemorrhage (PPH). The clinical spectrum of gynecologic and obstetric bleeding in AYA with IBDs ranges from HMB, ovulation bleeding, and surgical bleeding to miscarriages and life-threatening PPH. Reproductive tract bleeding adversely affects the quality of life of this patient population, in addition to causing substantial morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis of IBDs offers the opportunity for timely intervention with hormones, hemostatic agents, and prophylaxis with factor concentrates, thereby improving outcomes. This review summarizes the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approach, management, and prophylaxis for reproductive tract bleeding in AYA with IBDs. This review provides a multidisciplinary approach to the problem, which is critical to improve the outcomes of this patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraja Swaminathan
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States.
| | - Anjali Sharathkumar
- Division of Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Stead Family Department of Pediatrics, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 1322 BT, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States.
| | - Tazim Dowlut-McElroy
- Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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5
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Curry N, Bowles L, Clark TJ, Lowe G, Mainwaring J, Mangles S, Myers B, Kadir RA. Gynaecological management of women with inherited bleeding disorders. Haemophilia 2022; 28:917-937. [PMID: 35976756 DOI: 10.1111/hae.14643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Women with inherited bleeding disorders (IBDs) may present to healthcare professionals in a variety of ways and commonly will be encountered by either haematology or gynaecology services. Heavy menstrual bleeding is very often the first manifestation of an IBD. There is a wide variation in severity of bleeding for women with IBD and diagnosis and subsequent management of their condition requires multidisciplinary specialised care which is tailored to the individual and includes excellent cross-specialty communication between gynaecology and haematology teams. This guideline is intended for both haematologists and gynaecologists who are involved in the diagnosis and management of women with bleeding disorders. It sets out recommendations about how to investigate heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB), the commonest presentation for women with IBD to hospital services, to guide physicians about how to diagnose an IBD and covers the management of women with known IBD and HMB. The second section sets out recommendations for patients known to have IBD and covers management of patients with IBD in the setting of gynaecological surgery and management for all other non-surgical gynaecological situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Curry
- Oxford Haemophilia and Thrombosis Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, and NIHR BRC Blood Theme, Oxford University, Oxford, UK
| | - Louise Bowles
- The Royal London Hospital Haemophilia Comprehensive Care Centre, The Royal London Hospital, Whitechapel, London, UK
| | - T Justin Clark
- Birmingham Women's NHS Foundation Trust, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Gillian Lowe
- West Midlands Comprehensive Care Haemophilia Unit, University Hospitals Birmingham, Mindelsohn Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jason Mainwaring
- Bournemouth and Poole Haemophilia Centre, Royal Bournemouth Hospital, Castle Lane East, Bournemouth, Dorset, UK
| | - Sarah Mangles
- Haemophilia, Haemostasis and Thrombosis Centre, Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Basingstoke, UK
| | - Bethan Myers
- Leicester Haemostasis and Thrombosis Centre, University Hospitals of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Rezan Abdul Kadir
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Katharine Dormandy Haemophilia and Thrombosis Unit, The Royal Free NHS Foundation Hospital and Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK
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6
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Brun JL, Plu-Bureau G, Huchon C, Ah-Kit X, Barral M, Chauvet P, Cornelis F, Cortet M, Crochet P, Delporte V, Dubernard G, Giraudet G, Gosset A, Graesslin O, Hugon-Rodin J, Lecointre L, Legendre G, Maitrot-Mantelet L, Marcellin L, Miquel L, Le Mitouard M, Proust C, Roquette A, Rousset P, Sangnier E, Sapoval M, Thubert T, Torre A, Trémollières F, Vernhet-Kovacsik H, Vidal F, Marret H. [Management of women with abnormal uterine bleeding: Clinical practice guidelines of the French National College of Gynecologists and Obstetricians (CNGOF)]. GYNECOLOGIE, OBSTETRIQUE, FERTILITE & SENOLOGIE 2022; 50:345-373. [PMID: 35248756 DOI: 10.1016/j.gofs.2022.02.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To provide French guidelines for the management of women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). DESIGN A consensus committee of 26 experts was formed. A formal conflict-of-interest (COI) policy was developed at the beginning of the process and enforced throughout. The entire guidelines process was conducted independently of any industrial funding (i.e. pharmaceutical, or medical devices). The authors were advised to follow the rules of the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE®) system to guide assessment of quality of evidence. The potential drawbacks of making strong recommendations in the presence of low-quality evidence were emphasized. METHODS The last guidelines from the Collège national des gynécologues et obstétriciens français (CNGOF) on the management of women with AUB was published in 2008. The literature seems now sufficient for an update. The committee studied questions within 7 fields (diagnosis; adolescent; idiopathic AUB; endometrial hyperplasia and polyps; fibroids type 0 to 2; fibroids type 3 and more; adenomyosis). Each question was formulated in a PICO (Patients, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) format and the evidence profiles were produced. The literature review and recommendations were made according to the GRADE® methodology. RESULTS The experts' synthesis work and the application of the GRADE method resulted in 36 recommendations. Among the formalized recommendations, 19 present a strong agreement and 17 a weak agreement. Fourteen questions did not find any response in the literature. We preferred to abstain from recommending instead of providing expert advice. CONCLUSIONS The 36 recommendations made it possible to specify the diagnostic and therapeutic strategies of various clinical situations managed by the practitioner, from the simplest to the most complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-L Brun
- Service de chirurgie gynécologique, centre Aliénor d'Aquitaine, hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, place Amélie-Raba-Léon, 33076 Bordeaux, France.
| | - G Plu-Bureau
- Unité de gynécologie médicale, hôpital Port-Royal Cochin, AP-HP, 27, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
| | - C Huchon
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, hôpital Lariboisière, AP-HP, 2, rue Ambroise-Paré, 75010 Paris, France
| | - X Ah-Kit
- Service de chirurgie gynécologique, centre Aliénor d'Aquitaine, hôpital Pellegrin, CHU Bordeaux, place Amélie-Raba-Léon, 33076 Bordeaux, France
| | - M Barral
- Service de radiologie interventionnelle, hôpital Tenon, 4, rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
| | - P Chauvet
- Service de chirurgie gynécologique, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, 1, place Lucie-et-Raymond-Aubrac, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - F Cornelis
- Service de radiologie interventionnelle, hôpital Tenon, 4, rue de la Chine, 75020 Paris, France
| | - M Cortet
- Service de gynécologie, hôpital Croix-Rousse, CHU Lyon, 103, grande rue de la Croix-Rousse, 69004 Lyon, France
| | - P Crochet
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, hôpital de la Conception, CHU Marseille, 147, boulevard Baille, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - V Delporte
- Service de gynécologie, hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille, 49, rue de Valmy, 59000 Lille, France
| | - G Dubernard
- Service de gynécologie, hôpital Croix-Rousse, CHU Lyon, 103, grande rue de la Croix-Rousse, 69004 Lyon, France
| | - G Giraudet
- Service de gynécologie, hôpital Jeanne de Flandre, CHU Lille, 49, rue de Valmy, 59000 Lille, France
| | - A Gosset
- Centre de ménopause et maladies osseuses métaboliques, hôpital Paule de Viguier, CHU, 330, avenue de Grande-Bretagne, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - O Graesslin
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, institut mère enfant Alix de Champagne, CHU Reims, 45, rue Cognac-Jay, 51092 Reims, France
| | - J Hugon-Rodin
- Unité de gynécologie médicale, hôpital Port-Royal Cochin, AP-HP, 27, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
| | - L Lecointre
- Service de chirurgie gynécologique, CHU Strasbourg, 1, avenue Molière, 67200 Strasbourg, France
| | - G Legendre
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, CHU Angers, 4, rue Larrey, 49933 Angers, France
| | - L Maitrot-Mantelet
- Unité de gynécologie médicale, hôpital Port-Royal Cochin, AP-HP, 27, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
| | - L Marcellin
- Unité de gynécologie médicale, hôpital Port-Royal Cochin, AP-HP, 27, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
| | - L Miquel
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, hôpital de la Conception, CHU Marseille, 147, boulevard Baille, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - M Le Mitouard
- Service de gynécologie, hôpital Croix-Rousse, CHU Lyon, 103, grande rue de la Croix-Rousse, 69004 Lyon, France
| | - C Proust
- Service de chirurgie pelvienne gynécologique et oncologique, hôpital Bretonneau, CHRU Tours, 2, boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France
| | - A Roquette
- Unité de gynécologie médicale, hôpital Port-Royal Cochin, AP-HP, 27, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France
| | - P Rousset
- Service de radiologie, hôpital Sud, CHU Lyon, 165, chemin du Grand-Revoyet, 69495 Pierre-Bénite, France
| | - E Sangnier
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, institut mère enfant Alix de Champagne, CHU Reims, 45, rue Cognac-Jay, 51092 Reims, France
| | - M Sapoval
- Service de radiologie interventionnelle, hôpital européen Georges-Pompidou, AP-HP, 20, rue Leblanc, 75015 Paris, France
| | - T Thubert
- Service de gynécologie-obstétrique, Hôtel-Dieu, CHU Nantes, 38, boulevard Jean-Monnet, 44093 Nantes, France
| | - A Torre
- Centre de procréation médicalement assistée, centre hospitalier Sud Francilien, 40, avenue Serge-Dassault, 91106 Corbeil-Essonnes, France
| | - F Trémollières
- Centre de ménopause et maladies osseuses métaboliques, hôpital Paule de Viguier, CHU, 330, avenue de Grande-Bretagne, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - H Vernhet-Kovacsik
- Service d'imagerie thoracique et vasculaire, hôpital Arnaud-de-Villeneuve, CHU Montpellier, 371, avenue du Doyen-Gaston-Giraud, 34295 Montpellier, France
| | - F Vidal
- Centre de ménopause et maladies osseuses métaboliques, hôpital Paule de Viguier, CHU, 330, avenue de Grande-Bretagne, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - H Marret
- Service de chirurgie pelvienne gynécologique et oncologique, hôpital Bretonneau, CHRU Tours, 2, boulevard Tonnellé, 37044 Tours, France
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7
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O'Flynn O'Brien KL, Wheeler AP, Borzutzky C, Haley KM, Kouides P, Adeyemi-Fowode O. Provider Attitudes and Practices Regarding Intrauterine System (IUS) Insertion in Adolescents With and Without Bleeding Disorders for Management of Heavy Menstrual Bleeding. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2021; 34:514-521. [PMID: 33497749 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2021.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) may be the sentinel event for identifying a patient with a bleeding disorder (BD). The levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG IUS) has been proposed as a treatment for HMB in adolescents with and without BDs; however, no standard protocols for LNG IUS insertion in these populations exist. Providers were surveyed regarding the use of the LNG IUS in adolescents with HMB, with and without BD. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, INTERVENTIONS, AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: An institutional review board-approved survey assessing provider attitudes, LNG IUS insertion practices, and patient outcomes in adolescents with HMB, with and without BD, was electronically distributed to 3523 providers in the fields of hematology, adolescent medicine, and obstetrics and gynecology. Descriptive analysis was performed. RESULTS A total of 312 respondents across all 3 specialties completed the survey. Nearly 100% of respondents considered the LNG IUS safe and effective treatment for adolescents with HMB, both with and without BD. Additionally, 66% of providers chose LNG IUS as the ideal treatment for HMB in patients with BD. Differences were noted in clinical setting for LNG IUS insertion, peri-procedural medication use, and post-procedure follow-up among specialties. Providers across all specialties reported low complication rates related to IUS insertion and use in both patient groups. CONCLUSION Providers considered the LNG IUS safe and effective treatment for HMB in adolescents with and without a diagnosed BD. Practice patterns regarding LNG IUS insertion in this population vary. Further research is necessary to explore IUS outcomes in adolescent patients with HMB, with and without BD, and to inform evidence-based protocols for LNG IUS insertion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L O'Flynn O'Brien
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Children's Hospitals and Clinics of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
| | - Allison P Wheeler
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Claudia Borzutzky
- Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Children's Hospital Los Angeles/Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Kristina M Haley
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Peter Kouides
- Mary M. Gooley Hemophilia Treatment Center, Rochester Regional Health, Rochester, New York
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Screening hemostatic defects in Saudi University students with unexplained menorrhagia: a diagnosis, which could be missed. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2021; 32:278-284. [PMID: 33741756 DOI: 10.1097/mbc.0000000000001033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bleeding disorders are a common cause of unexplained menorrhagia in adolescents. However, there is lack of information provided on Arab girls. To estimate the prevalence of coagulation factor deficiencies and platelet dysfunction among Saudi university students with unexplained menorrhagia. In this cross sectional study, 463 adolescent girls surveyed for having heavy menses for further evaluation of underlying bleeding tendencies using screening standardized questionnaire. Only 109 girls out of the total 463 girls reported menorrhagia and were included in the evaluation. All girls with menorrhagia were evaluated by Pictorial blood assessment chart (PBAC) for precise evaluation of menstrual blood loss (PBAC score >100), had underwent pelvic ultrasonography and screening of hemostatic abnormalities (complete blood count, PFA-100, PT, aPTT, vWF:RCo, vWF:Ag, coagulation factors assay). On the basis of the score of PBAC more than 100, 25.6% (28/109) of adolescent women (age ranged: 17-25 years old) had confirmed menorrhagia. In 30.8% of them, an ultimate diagnosis of bleeding tendency or hemostatic abnormality was detected [five cases of probable von Willebrand disease (vWD) or low level of vWF:Ag and/or vWF:RCo, two cases of probable platelet dysfunction, and one case of factorV (FV) deficiency]. Anemia was found in 39.28% (11/28) of them; however, only 4 (36%) had received iron supplements. Our study demonstrated that hemostatic defects are not uncommon in Saudi adolescent women presenting with menorrhagia but mostly unrecognized and untreated. It is probably advisable to screen women with menorrhagia for these defects.
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9
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Aynalem M, Shiferaw E, Gelaw Y, Enawgaw B. Coagulopathy and its associated factors among patients with a bleeding diathesis at the University of Gondar Specialized Referral Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Thromb J 2021; 19:36. [PMID: 34074308 PMCID: PMC8170961 DOI: 10.1186/s12959-021-00287-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coagulopathy is the major cause of mortality and morbidity throughout the world. Globally, about 26–45% of healthy people have a history of bleeding symptoms, which may be a result of thrombocytopenia, factor deficiency, or pathological inhibitory. Objective To assess coagulopathy and its associated factors among patients with bleeding diathesis at the University of Gondar Specialized Referral Hospital from January to May 2020. Method A cross-sectional study was conducted on 384 study participants with bleeding diathesis recruited by using a convenient sampling technique. Socio-demographic and clinical characteristics were collected by using questioners. Then 6 ml venous blood was collected with a needle and syringe method. About 3 ml blood was transferred to EDTA test tube for platelet count and 2.7 ml blood was transferred to a test tube containing 0.3 ml of 3.2% sodium citrated anticoagulant for coagulation test. For those study participants with prolonged coagulation tests, a mixing test was done. Blood film and stool examination were also done for malaria and intestinal parasite identification, respectively. The data were entered into EPI-Info version 3.5.3 and then transferred to SPSS version-20 for analysis. Descriptive statistics were summarized as percentages, means, and standard deviations. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the associated factors, and a P-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results In this study, the prevalence of coagulopathy was 253/384 (65.9%; 95% CI: 61.16, 70.64). From them, 21.3% (54/253), 51.4% (130/253), and 27.3% (69/253) had only thrombocytopenia, only prolonged coagulation test, and mixed abnormality, respectively. Among participants with prolonged coagulation time, the prevalence of factor deficiency was 21.1% (42/199). Cardiac disease (AOR = 4.80; 95% CI: 2.65, 23.1), and other chronic diseases (AOR = 8.1; 95% CI: 1.84, 35.58) were significantly associated with coagulopathy. Conclusion In this study, coagulopathy due to inhibitory was a public health problem. The participants with cardiac and other chronic diseases were at high risk for coagulopathy. Therefore, mixing tests could be done for all prolonged coagulation tests and it could be considered as a routine laboratory test.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melak Aynalem
- Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
| | - Elias Shiferaw
- Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Yemataw Gelaw
- Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Bamlaku Enawgaw
- Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
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10
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Brown MC, White MH, Friedberg R, Woods K, Childress K, Kulkarni M, Sidonio RF. Elevated von Willebrand factor levels during heavy menstrual bleeding episodes limit the diagnostic utility for von Willebrand disease. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2021; 5:e12513. [PMID: 33977212 PMCID: PMC8105159 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is often the first bleeding symptom for female individuals with inherited bleeding disorders. Guidelines recommend performing the hemostatic evaluation at HMB presentation. Von Willebrand factor (VWF) levels increase with stress, making it unclear if VWF studies during acute bleeding are beneficial in diagnosing von Willebrand disease (VWD). OBJECTIVES To determine the utility of testing for VWD during acute HMB. PATIENTS/METHODS This retrospective cohort study evaluated VWF levels of individuals presenting to the emergency department (ED) with HMB from January 1, 2017, to December 31, 2018, after prospective implementation of a clinical practice guideline recommending hemostatic evaluation in the ED. We compared VWF and factor VIII (FVIII) levels between acute presentation and follow-up visit after bleeding resolution. We compared the diagnostic accuracy of initial and follow-up labs. RESULTS During the study period, 221 individuals were seen in the ED for acute HMB, and 39 had VWD testing at both time points. Median FVIII and VWF levels were higher during acute bleeding than at follow-up. The difference in VWF levels between visits was negligible when initial FVIII value was normal. Overall incidence of VWD was 7.5%; 69% of those with VWD had low VWF levels during acute HMB. CONCLUSION VWD testing during acute HMB detects the majority of individuals with VWD but also leads to elevated levels of VWF, potentially limiting at the accuracy of diagnostic labs during acute bleeding episodes. Delayed testing until resolution of anemia and active bleeding may provide more accurate diagnostic evaluation for VWD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan C. Brown
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders CenterChildren's Healthcare of AtlantaEmory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Michael H. White
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders CenterChildren's Healthcare of AtlantaEmory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA
| | | | - Kalinda Woods
- Department of Gynecology and ObstetricsEmory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA
| | - Krista Childress
- Division of Pediatric SurgeryChildren's Healthcare of AtlantaAtlantaGAUSA
- Division of Gynecologic SpecialtiesDepartment of Gynecology and ObstetricsEmory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA
| | | | - Robert F. Sidonio
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders CenterChildren's Healthcare of AtlantaEmory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA
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11
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Hossenbaccus L, Thibeault L, Grabell J, Braund H, Hopman W, James P. Evaluating the effectiveness of let's talk period's high school educational outreach program: A pilot study. Haemophilia 2021; 27:470-478. [PMID: 33626190 DOI: 10.1111/hae.14277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Menorrhagia impacts ~40% of adolescent females, with about half having an underlying bleeding disorder, most commonly von Willebrand Disease (VWD). VWD affects ~1 in 1000 individuals, though many are unaware of their condition. Let's Talk Period (LTP) is an online knowledge translation platform aimed at increasing awareness of bleeding disorders symptoms, with a validated self-administered bleeding assessment tool (Self-BAT). AIM To evaluate the effectiveness of the LTP high school outreach program in Grade 9 girls' health classes quantitatively, using baseline, post-presentation, and follow-up quiz scores, and qualitatively, with student and teacher feedback forms. METHODS The 75-minute in-class presentations, developed in alignment with the 2015 Ontario Curriculum for Grade 9 Health and Physical Activity, were led by a haemophilia nurse, clinical research assistant, and undergraduate student from the LTP team. Students completed baseline, post-presentation, and 4-6-week follow-up Kahoot quizzes featuring the same nine questions to evaluate change in knowledge levels and retention. Both student and teacher feedback were collected. RESULTS There was a significant increase (p < 0.001) from baseline to post-presentation scores, with a significant gain in knowledge, for all questions (p < 0.01). Students found content related to the basics and management of menstruation to be most interesting. Many had constructive feedback on how the presentation method could be improved. On average, the presentations were rated an 8.6 of 10 by students and 8.75 of 10 by teachers. CONCLUSION The LTP high school outreach program effectively increases student knowledge of menorrhagia and bleeding disorders. It was well-received by students and staff alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubnaa Hossenbaccus
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Lisa Thibeault
- Clinical Research Centre, Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Julie Grabell
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Heather Braund
- Faculty of Education and the Office of Professional Development and Educational Scholarship, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Wilma Hopman
- Clinical Research Centre, Kingston Health Sciences Centre, Kingston, ON, Canada
| | - Paula James
- Department of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada
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12
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Pennesi CM, Quint EH, Rosen MW, Compton SD, Odukoya EJ, Weyand AC. Outpatient Management of Heavy Menstrual Bleeding in Adolescent and Young Women with Inherited Platelet Function Disorders. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2020; 33:489-493. [PMID: 32610148 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2020.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To assess the treatment patterns and efficacy of hormonal (HM) and non-HM (NHM) management of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) in young women with inherited platelet function disorders (IPFDs). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A retrospective chart review was performed of outpatient treatment of HMB in female patients age 9-25 years who were diagnosed with IPFDs and referred to gynecology and/or hematology at a tertiary care hospital between 2006 and 2018. INTERVENTIONS The study sample was identified using billing codes for IPFDs. Data on HM and NHM treatments and outcomes over a one- to two-year period were collected. Initial treatment was defined as the first treatment prescribed after referral. Descriptive statistics, Pearson χ2, and t tests were used for analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Treatment failure was defined as a change in treatment method because of continued bleeding. RESULTS Thirty-four girls met inclusion criteria. After their initial visit, 19/34 (56%) were treated with HM, 12/34 (35%) with NHM, 2/34 (6%) with a combination of methods, and 1/34 (3%) were untreated. Initial treatment failed in 19/34 (56%) and those patients subsequently required a mean of 2 additional treatments during follow-up. Of the 34 included, 6/34 (18%) remained uncontrolled despite numerous treatment changes and 2/34 (6%) because of noncompliance. When control was achieved, 7/26 (27%) of patients were receiving combined oral contraceptives and 6/26 (23%) desmopressin acetate. CONCLUSION HMB in girls with IPFDs can be difficult to control despite ongoing follow-up and treatment changes. Although the most effective treatment for HMB in young women with IPFDs was not identified, these findings will help providers and patients with setting expectations. Prospective studies are needed to develop recommendations on best practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M Pennesi
- Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
| | - Elisabeth H Quint
- Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan; University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Monica W Rosen
- Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Sarah D Compton
- Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | - Angela C Weyand
- Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan; University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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13
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Zia A, Jain S, Kouides P, Zhang S, Gao A, Salas N, Lau M, Wilson E, DeSimone N, Sarode R. Bleeding disorders in adolescents with heavy menstrual bleeding in a multicenter prospective US cohort. Haematologica 2019; 105:1969-1976. [PMID: 31624107 PMCID: PMC7327636 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.225656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Heavy menstrual bleeding is common in adolescents. The frequency and predictors of bleeding disorders in adolescents, especially with anovulatory bleeding, are unknown. Adolescents referred for heavy menstrual bleeding underwent an evaluation of menstrual bleeding patterns, and bleeding disorders determined a priori. The primary outcome was the diagnosis of a bleeding disorder. Two groups were compared: anovulatory and ovulatory bleeding. Multivariable logistic regression analysis of baseline characteristics and predictors was performed. Kaplan Meier curves were constructed for the time from the first bleed to bleeding disorder diagnosis. In 200 adolescents, a bleeding disorder was diagnosed in 33% (n=67): low von Willebrand factor levels in 16%, von Willebrand disease in 11%, and qualitative platelet dysfunction in 4.5%. The prevalence of bleeding disorder was similar between ovulatory and anovulatory groups (31% vs. 36%; P=0.45). Predictors of bleeding disorder included: younger age at first bleed (OR: 0.83; 95%CI: 0.73, 0.96), Hispanic ethnicity (OR: 2.48; 95%CI: 1.13, 5.05), non-presentation to emergency department for heavy bleeding (OR: 0.14; 95%CI: 0.05, 0.38), and International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) Bleeding Assessment Tool score ≥4 (OR: 8.27; 95%CI: 2.60, 26.44). Time from onset of the first bleed to diagnosis was two years in the anovulatory, and six years in the ovulatory cohort (log-rank test, P<0.001). There is a high prevalence of bleeding disorders in adolescents with heavy periods, irrespective of the bleeding pattern. Among bleeding disorders, the prevalence of qualitative platelet dysfunction is lower than previously reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Zia
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX .,Department of Pediatrics, Children's Medical Center, Dallas, TX.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Medical Center, Dallas, TX.,Children's Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Shilpa Jain
- Hemophilia Center of Western New York, John R. Oishei Children's Hospital of Buffalo, Division of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, Buffalo, NJ
| | - Peter Kouides
- Mary M. Gooley Hemophilia Center, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, MN
| | - Song Zhang
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX.,Department of Data and Population Sciences, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Ang Gao
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX.,Department of Data and Population Sciences, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | | | - May Lau
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX.,Division of Hematology/Oncology, Children's Medical Center, Dallas, TX.,Division of Adolescent Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Ellen Wilson
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX.,Children's Medical Center, Dallas, TX.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX
| | - Nicole DeSimone
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX.,Department of Pathology and Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ravi Sarode
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX.,Department of Pathology and Internal Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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14
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O'Brien SH. Evaluation and management of heavy menstrual bleeding in adolescents: the role of the hematologist. HEMATOLOGY. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY. EDUCATION PROGRAM 2018; 2018:390-398. [PMID: 30504337 PMCID: PMC6246024 DOI: 10.1182/asheducation-2018.1.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is frequently reported by adolescents. The role of the hematologist is threefold in evaluating such patients: (1) perform a clinical and laboratory evaluation for an underlying bleeding disorder on the basis of the degree of clinical suspicion, (2) identify and manage any concomitant iron deficiency, and (3) provide input to the referring provider regarding the management of HMB, particularly for patients with identified hemostatic defects. Several clues in the menstrual history should raise suspicion for an underlying bleeding disorder, such as menses lasting >7 days, menstrual flow which soaks >5 sanitary products per day or requires product change during the night, passage of large blood clots, or failure to respond to conventional therapies. A detailed personal and family history of other bleeding symptoms should also be obtained. Iron deficiency with and without anemia is commonly found in young women with HMB. Therefore, it is important to obtain measures of hemoglobin and ferritin levels when evaluating these patients. Iron supplementation is often a key component of management in the adolescent with heavy menses and is still needed in those who have received packed red cell transfusions as a result of severe anemia. Strategies for decreasing menstrual blood flow are similar for adults and adolescents with heavy menses, with combined hormonal contraceptives recommended as first-line therapy. However, there are adolescent-specific considerations for many of these agents, and they must be incorporated into shared decision-making when selecting the most appropriate treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah H O'Brien
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH; and
- Center for Innovation in Pediatric Practice, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH
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15
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Evaluation and management of heavy menstrual bleeding in adolescents: the role of the hematologist. Blood 2018; 132:2134-2142. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-05-848739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/28/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is frequently reported by adolescents. The role of the hematologist is threefold in evaluating such patients: (1) perform a clinical and laboratory evaluation for an underlying bleeding disorder on the basis of the degree of clinical suspicion, (2) identify and manage any concomitant iron deficiency, and (3) provide input to the referring provider regarding the management of HMB, particularly for patients with identified hemostatic defects. Several clues in the menstrual history should raise suspicion for an underlying bleeding disorder, such as menses lasting >7 days, menstrual flow which soaks >5 sanitary products per day or requires product change during the night, passage of large blood clots, or failure to respond to conventional therapies. A detailed personal and family history of other bleeding symptoms should also be obtained. Iron deficiency with and without anemia is commonly found in young women with HMB. Therefore, it is important to obtain measures of hemoglobin and ferritin levels when evaluating these patients. Iron supplementation is often a key component of management in the adolescent with heavy menses and is still needed in those who have received packed red cell transfusions as a result of severe anemia. Strategies for decreasing menstrual blood flow are similar for adults and adolescents with heavy menses, with combined hormonal contraceptives recommended as first-line therapy. However, there are adolescent-specific considerations for many of these agents, and they must be incorporated into shared decision-making when selecting the most appropriate treatment.
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16
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Purslane (Portulaca oleracea) effect on heavy menstrual bleeding (menorrhagia) in Iranian women. ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aimed.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Abstract
Abnormal uterine bleeding is common in adolescents and is thought to affect 9% to 14% of women in their reproductive years. Certain unique aspects of underlying inherited or acquired blood disorders exacerbate the "expected" hormonal imbalance at this age, thereby increasing the morbidity of the underlying problem. A multifactorial etiology demands a collaborative approach between hematologists and gynecologists or adolescent medicine physicians to effectively manage abnormal uterine bleeding in young women with blood disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn E Dickerson
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Neethu M Menon
- Pediatric Hematology Oncology, Division of Hematology/Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ayesha Zia
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, The University of Texas Southwestern, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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18
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Abnormal Uterine Bleeding including coagulopathies and other menstrual disorders. Best Pract Res Clin Obstet Gynaecol 2018; 48:51-61. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2017.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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19
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Mobile Application vs Paper Pictorial Blood Assessment Chart to Track Menses in Young Women: A Randomized Cross-over Design. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2018; 31:84-88. [PMID: 29030160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2017.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE Heavy menstrual bleeding is a common symptom reported by approximately 30% of women. The Pictorial Blood Assessment Chart (PBAC) score is often used to quantify severity of menstrual bleeding. However, the traditional PBAC paper diary might be subject to recall bias and compliance issues, especially in adolescents. We developed a mobile application (app) version of the PBAC score and evaluated patient satisfaction and compliance with app reporting vs paper reporting. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, INTERVENTIONS, AND MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: This study was a randomized cross-over study of 25 postmenarchal female adolescents and young women ages 13-21 years. Participants agreed to track bleeding in 2 consecutive menstrual cycles and were randomized to use the PBAC paper diary or mobile app format first. At the end of each cycle, a satisfaction survey and system usability scale (app only) was used to assess the acceptability of the format used. RESULTS Twenty-five participants had a median age of 15 years. Cross-over analysis showed that satisfaction level was significantly higher for the app (P < .001). Twenty of 25 (80%) participants preferred the app over the paper diary. For the app, 20 of 25 participants (80%) had high compliance for reporting bleeding, with a mean of 2 app entries per day. Participants' PBAC scores did not vary significantly between the paper diary (median, 95) and mobile app (median, 114). All paper diaries met definition for high compliance. There was no significant period or carryover effect. CONCLUSION This study showed that a PBAC app compared with the paper diary was the preferred method of recording menstrual bleeding in adolescents and showed feasibility as a research data collection tool.
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Rocheleau AD, Khader A, Ngo AT, Boehnlein C, McDavitt C, Lattimore S, Recht M, McCarty OJ, Haley KM. Pilot study of novel lab methodology and testing of platelet function in adolescent women with heavy menstrual bleeding. Pediatr Res 2018; 83:693-701. [PMID: 29166373 PMCID: PMC5902421 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2017.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BackgroundApproximately 40% of adolescent women experience heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB), and 10-62% of them have an underlying bleeding disorder (BD). Diagnosing a BD remains challenging because of limitations of available clinical platelet function assays. The aim of this study was to characterize platelet function in a population of adolescent women with HMB using small-volume whole-blood assays.MethodsAnticoagulated whole blood was used to assess platelet GPIIbIIIa activation, α-granule secretion, and aggregation in response to multiple agonists. Platelet adhesion on collagen or von Willebrand Factor (VWF) under static and shear flow was also assessed.ResultsFifteen participants with HMB were included in the study, of which eight were diagnosed with a clinically identifiable BD. Platelet activation was blunted in response to calcium ionophore in participants without a BD diagnosis compared with that in all other participants. Impaired GPIIbIIIa activation was observed in response to all GPCR agonists, except adenosine diphosphate (ADP), in participants with qualitative platelet disorders. Our assays detected platelet aggregation in the majority of participants with a BD in response to ADP, collagen-related peptide (CRP), thrombin receptor activator 6 (TRAP-6), or U46619. Platelet adhesion and aggregation on collagen and VWF was decreased for participants with VWD.ConclusionParticipants with and without BD exhibited aberrant platelet function in several assays in response to select agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne D. Rocheleau
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, Oregon
| | - Ayesha Khader
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, Oregon
| | - Anh T.P. Ngo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, Oregon
| | - Colin Boehnlein
- The Hemophilia Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, Oregon
| | - Cara McDavitt
- The Hemophilia Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, Oregon
| | - Susan Lattimore
- The Hemophilia Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, Oregon
| | - Michael Recht
- The Hemophilia Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, Oregon
| | - Owen J.T. McCarty
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, Oregon
| | - Kristina M. Haley
- The Hemophilia Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, Oregon
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Eising HP, Roest M, de Groot PG, Huskens D, Konings J, Urbanus RT, de Laat B, Remijn JA. High prevalence of reduced thrombin generation and/or decreased platelet response in women with unexplained heavy menstrual bleeding. Int J Lab Hematol 2018; 40:268-275. [PMID: 29336529 DOI: 10.1111/ijlh.12775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is a condition that affects 20%-30% of women of reproductive age. HMB has a multifactorial pathophysiology, which is incompletely understood. HMB symptoms are very common in patients with established haemostasis defects, likewise, women with heavy menstrual bleeding have a higher prevalence of impaired Von Willebrand factor (VWF) levels and function, thrombocytopenia, impaired platelet function and impaired coagulation. The aim of this study was to quantify the prevalence of impaired platelet function, impaired coagulation and reduced VWF activity in patients with HMB. METHODS We have used thrombin generation (TG), a flow cytometry-based platelet function test and a flow cytometry-based VWF function test to study haemostasis in 58 women (median age: 48.4 years, range 40-60 years) with HMB. In addition, we determined VWF antigen levels and VWF ristocetin co-factor activity in platelet-poor plasma. Reference ranges of platelet function were measured in whole blood of 123 healthy volunteers, while reference ranges of TG were determined in platelet-poor plasma (PPP) of 126 healthy volunteers. RESULTS Fourteen (24%) patients with HMB had impaired platelet function and 17 (29.3%) patients had impaired coagulation. Five patients (8.6%) had both impaired platelet function and impaired coagulation. Only 2 (3.4%) patients had an impaired VWF function or levels; one of them was in combination with impaired coagulation. CONCLUSION Our approach in women with HMB using a high precision platelet function test in combination with thrombin generation showed impaired coagulation or impaired platelet function in more than 40% of the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- H P Eising
- Department of Gynaecology, Gelre Hospitals, Apeldoorn, The Netherlands
| | - M Roest
- Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - P G de Groot
- Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - D Huskens
- Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J Konings
- Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - R T Urbanus
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - B de Laat
- Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - J A Remijn
- Synapse Research Institute, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University Medical Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, Gelre Hospitals, Apeldoorn, The Netherlands
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Adeyemi-Fowode OA, Santos XM, Dietrich JE, Srivaths L. Levonorgestrel-Releasing Intrauterine Device Use in Female Adolescents with Heavy Menstrual Bleeding and Bleeding Disorders: Single Institution Review. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2017; 30:479-483. [PMID: 27108228 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2015] [Revised: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To identify complications and efficacy of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine device (LNgIUD) in adolescents with heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) and bleeding disorders (BD). DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS A retrospective chart review of 13 postmenarchal adolescent girls with HMB/BD who underwent placement of an LNgIUD. INTERVENTIONS Placement of an LNgIUD. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Primary outcome was to identify complications from placement of an LNgIUD. Secondary outcome was to evaluate the efficacy of the LNgIUD in adolescents with BD. RESULTS Thirteen patients met study criteria. The mean age of diagnosis of HMB was 14.08 ± 1.75 years. BD or bleeding risk factor diagnoses included low von Willebrand (VW) activity in 5, type I VW disease in 5, type IIM VW disease in 1, low VW activity and factor 7 deficiency in 1, and acquired VW disease and factor 7 deficiency in 1. Before LNgIUD placement, other hormonal therapy (n = 13) and hemostatic therapy (antifibrinolytic agents, desmopressin acetate; n = 8) yielded poor control of HMB. The LNgIUD was placed using anesthesia with periprocedure hemostatic therapy with no complications. All patients reported significant improvement in HMB after LNgIUD placement and 60% achieved amenorrhea, with mean time to improvement of 94 ± 69 days. Mean hemoglobin and ferritin levels increased after LNgIUD placement compared with before LNgIUD placement values (P = .02, P = .0085, respectively). Use of supplemental hormonal and hemostatic agents decreased (n = 4) after LNgIUD placement. None required LNgIUD removal; 1 spontaneously expelled the LNgIUD with subsequent replacement. CONCLUSION Study results indicated the LNgIUD is an effective therapeutic option in postmenarchal adolescents with HMB due to BD/bleeding risk factor with minimal complications, high compliance rate, improvement in HMB and anemia, and no periprocedural bleeding with hemostatic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluyemisi A Adeyemi-Fowode
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.
| | - Xiomara M Santos
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Jennifer E Dietrich
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Lakshmi Srivaths
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; Texas Children's Cancer and Hematology Centers, Houston, Texas
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Heavy Menstrual Bleeding in Adolescents. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2017; 30:335-340. [PMID: 28108214 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2017.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is a very common gynecological condition in female adolescents and a frequent presenting complaint of those with bleeding disorders. Recommendations have been established to screen for bleeding disorders in this age group where appropriate. The purpose of this document is to impart clinical recommendations regarding HMB in adolescents. Specifically, in this article we provide a description of the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic approach, and treatment of HMB in adolescents.
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Kushwaha R, Kumar A, Mishra KL, Sankhwar PL, Singh R. Haemostatic Disorder in Women with Unexplained Menorrhagia: A Tertiary Care Centre Experience from Northern India. J Clin Diagn Res 2017; 11:EC46-EC49. [PMID: 28658773 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2017/25722.9928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Menorrhagia is a common gynaecological problem and its cause remains unexplained in a significant proportion of females. AIM The present study was done to diagnose a wide range of haemostatic disorders which can give rise to menorrhagia in women of adolescent, postadolescent and perimenopausal age group. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 1100 women presenting to gynaecological emergency with complaints of menorrhagia underwent comprehensive evaluation. After excluding local pelvic pathology and hormonal disorders as a cause of menorrhagia 104 women were included in this study. Screening investigations including bleeding time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, platelet count and morphology were done. The following diagnostic investigations were carried out as and when required. Platelet aggregation tests using adenosine diphosphate and ristocetin, platelets function tests, specific factor analysis as and when required. RESULTS Age of patients ranged from 13 years to 46 years. Eighteen patients had menorrhagia since menarche. Seven patients had family history of abnormal bleeding. Twenty three patients were found to have systemic haemostatic disorder (10 patients of Von Willebrand Disease (vWD), seven of Glanzmann-Thrombasthenia, one of Bernard- Soulier syndrome and five of immune thrombocytopenic purpura). CONCLUSION From this study it is concluded that systemic haemostatic disorders are found in substantial number of women presenting with menorrhagia. Hence, after excluding organic/hormonal cause, haemostatic disorders should be considered before taking patient for invasive surgical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi Kushwaha
- Associate Professor, Department of Pathology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashutosh Kumar
- Professor and Head, Department of Pathology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kusum Lata Mishra
- Research Assistant, Department of Pathology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pushp Lata Sankhwar
- Professor, Department of Obstetric and Gynaecology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Renu Singh
- Professor, Department of Obstetric and Gynaecology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Djukic SM, Lekovic D, Jovic N, Varjacic M. Unnecessary Hysterectomy due to Menorrhagia and Disorders of Hemostasis: An Example of Overuse and Excessive Demand for Medical Services. Front Pharmacol 2017; 7:507. [PMID: 28066253 PMCID: PMC5179537 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana M Djukic
- Clinic for Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences University of Kragujevac Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Danijela Lekovic
- Clinic for Hematology, Medical Faculty University of Belgrade Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Nikola Jovic
- Clinic for Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences University of Kragujevac Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Varjacic
- Clinic for Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences University of Kragujevac Kragujevac, Serbia
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Rathod AD, Chavan RP, Pajai SP, Bhagat V, Thool P. Gynecological Problems of Adolescent Girls Attending Outpatient Department at Tertiary Care Center with Evaluation of Cases of Puberty Menorrhagia Requiring Hospitalization. J Obstet Gynaecol India 2016; 66:400-6. [PMID: 27651637 PMCID: PMC5016410 DOI: 10.1007/s13224-015-0770-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Adolescence is a period of enormous physical and psychological change for young girls. Many adolescents with menstrual disturbances never present to their family doctor or gynecologist. Embarrassment about discussing menstruation, fear of disease, and ignorance about services available may lead to delayed presentation or consultation with doctor. AIMS AND OBJECTIVE To evaluate the different gynecological problems in adolescent girls attending outpatient department.To evaluate the prevalence of severe anemia requiring indoor admission in adolescent girls with puberty menorrhagia.To assess the etiologies of puberty menorrhagia. RESULT There were a total of 655 adolescent girls attending the gynecology OPD during the study period. Menstrual complaints (84.88 %) were the commonest indication for OPD consultation among adolescent girls. 17 girls required hospitalization; all of them needed blood transfusion due to significant severe anemia resulting from puberty menorrhagia. 14 (82.35 %) had anovulatory DUB, while 2 (11.76 %) had coagulation disorders, and one (5.88 %) had hypothyroidism. CONCLUSION Adolescent girls with menorrhagia need to be evaluated thoroughly earlier rather than later so that effective management can be started and severe anemia with its consequences can be avoided. Adolescent health education and group discussion is needed to create awareness regarding adolscent gynecological problems; it should be conducted regularly in schools and colleges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Archana D. Rathod
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shri Vasantrao Naik Government Medical College & Hospital, Yavatmal, Maharashtra India
| | - Rohidas P. Chavan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shri Vasantrao Naik Government Medical College & Hospital, Yavatmal, Maharashtra India
| | - Sandhya P. Pajai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shri Vasantrao Naik Government Medical College & Hospital, Yavatmal, Maharashtra India
| | - Vijay Bhagat
- Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, JNMC, Sawaghi, Wardha, India
| | - Prachi Thool
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Shri Vasantrao Naik Government Medical College & Hospital, Yavatmal, Maharashtra India
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Karaman K, Ceylan N, Karaman E, Akbayram S, Akbayram HT, Kaba S, Garipardıç M, Öner AF. Evaluation of the Hemostatic Disorders in Adolescent Girls with Menorrhagia: Experiences from a Tertiary Referral Hospital. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2016; 32:356-61. [PMID: 27429530 PMCID: PMC4930760 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-015-0583-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bleeding disorders are a common cause of menorrhagia in the adolescent age group. We aimed to evaluate the incidence of hemostatic disorders, using clinical and laboratory findings of bleeding disorders in adolescent girls with menorrhagia. A retrospective chart review used to evaluate adolescent girls with menorrhagia who were referred to Yuzuncu Yil University Pediatric Hematology clinic between January 2010 and December 2014. Out of 52 patients referred for investigation, 50 patients were included in the study. The mean age and mean menarche age were 14.8 ± 1.42 (range: 12-17) and 12.47 ± 0.55, respectively. In 42 % (n = 21) of patients, anemia was detected. In 22 % (n = 11) of patients, a bleeding disorder was detected: five cases with von Willebrand disease, two cases with acute immune thrombocytopenic purpura, one case with Bernard-Soulier syndrome, one case with Glanzmann thrombasthenia, one case with aplastic anemia and one case with factor X deficiency. The remaining 39 out of the 50 patients were finally diagnosed with dysfunctional uterine bleeding. When compared the patients with bleeding disorders and without bleeding disorders, bleeding from other sites, including gingival bleeding or epistaxis, low platelet counts and prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time were found statistically more frequent in patients with bleeding disorders (p < 0.05). Menorrhagia in adolescents is frequently associated with underlying bleeding disorders. Adolescents with heavy menstrual bleeding and a history of nose or gingival bleeding should be evaluated for congenital bleeding disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamuran Karaman
- />Department of Pediatric Hematology, Yuzuncu Yil University, 65100 Van, Turkey
| | - Nesrin Ceylan
- />Department of Pediatrics, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Erbil Karaman
- />Department of Obstetric and Gynecology, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Sinan Akbayram
- />Department of Pediatric Hematology, Yuzuncu Yil University, 65100 Van, Turkey
| | | | - Sultan Kaba
- />Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Yuzuncu Yıl University, Van, Turkey
| | - Mesut Garipardıç
- />Department of Pediatric Hematology, Yuzuncu Yil University, 65100 Van, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Fayik Öner
- />Department of Pediatric Hematology, Yuzuncu Yil University, 65100 Van, Turkey
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28
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Challenges of diagnosing and managing the adolescent with heavy menstrual bleeding. Thromb Res 2016; 143:91-100. [PMID: 27208978 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2016.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Unpredictable, prolonged or heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) may be expected for many adolescents soon after menarche. A decade of clinical experience and research has now established firmly that bleeding disorders (BD) are common in adolescents with HMB. Despite these advances, many questions remain, and several aspects of the diagnosis and management of BDs in adolescents are not supported by rigorous clinical trials. In this overview, four major areas will be discussed. First, we will discuss the frequency of BDs in young women with HMB. Up to 20% of older females with HMB are thought to have an underlying BD. Estimates from retrospective studies in adolescents suggest a prevalence that varies anywhere from 10 to 62%. Prospective studies with uniform hemostatic evaluation are needed to answer this question definitively. Second, we will review existing tools that help screen and diagnose adolescents with HMB with an underlying BD. Although identification of an underlying BD in older women with HMB is relatively straight forward, uncertainties remain for adolescents. Heavy menstrual bleeding in this age group may have different pathophysiological underpinnings than those in older women and may often be disregarded as anovulatory. There is an urgent need to develop novel tools, and evaluate existing diagnostic strategies in adolescents. Third, we will discuss the optimal medical management of HMB in young adolescents. As direct evidence is largely lacking, these areas are also subject to extrapolation from older women. Lastly, an important area- prediction, and management of future bleeding in those adolescents who are diagnosed with a mild BD-will be discussed. Throughout, areas of controversy and opportunities for further research are highlighted.
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Dowlut-McElroy T, Williams KB, Carpenter SL, Strickland JL. Menstrual Patterns and Treatment of Heavy Menstrual Bleeding in Adolescents with Bleeding Disorders. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2015; 28:499-501. [PMID: 26231609 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2015.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/04/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To characterize menstrual bleeding patterns and treatment of heavy menstrual bleeding in adolescents with bleeding disorders. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS We conducted a retrospective review of female patients aged nine to 21 years with known bleeding disorders who attended a pediatric gynecology, hematology, and comprehensive hematology/gynecology clinic at a children's hospital in a metropolitan area. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Prevalence of heavy menstrual bleeding at menarche, prolonged menses, and irregular menses among girls with bleeding disorders and patterns of initial and subsequent treatment for heavy menstrual bleeding in girls with bleeding disorders. RESULTS Of 115 participants aged nine to 21 years with known bleeding disorders, 102 were included in the final analysis. Of the 69 postmenarcheal girls, almost half (32/69, 46.4%) noted heavy menstrual bleeding at menarche. Girls with von Willebrand disease were more likely to have menses lasting longer than seven days. Only 28% of girls had discussed a treatment plan for heavy menstrual bleeding before menarche. Hormonal therapy was most commonly used as initial treatment of heavy menstrual bleeding. Half (53%) of the girls failed initial treatment. Combination (hormonal and non-hormonal therapy) was more frequently used for subsequent treatment. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents with bleeding disorders are at risk of heavy bleeding at and after menarche. Consultation with a pediatric gynecologist and/or hematologist prior to menarche may be helpful to outline abnormal patterns of menstrual bleeding and to discuss options of treatment in the event of heavy menstrual bleeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tazim Dowlut-McElroy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri.
| | - Karen B Williams
- Department of Biomedical and Health Informatics, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Shannon L Carpenter
- Section of Hematology, Division of Hematology/Oncology/Bone Marrow Transplant, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Julie L Strickland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri; Section of Gynecological Surgery, Department of Surgery, Children's Mercy Hospitals, Kansas City, Missouri
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Severe anemia from heavy menstrual bleeding requires heightened attention. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2015; 213:97.e1-97.e6. [PMID: 25935784 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2015.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2014] [Revised: 03/24/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to analyze the behaviors of women that resulted in menstrually related severe anemia (hemoglobin <5 g/dL) from a single public hospital serving indigent women. STUDY DESIGN This was a retrospective cohort study of all women identified as having been treated at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center for excessive menstruation (International Classification of Diseases, ninth revision, codes 285.9, 6256.2) and hemoglobin values less than 5 g/dL in the 6 years from 2008 to 2013. RESULTS Approvals were obtained from the Human Subjects and Research Committees. This search identified 271 women with those 2 diagnoses; 122 were excluded because their severe anemia had nonmenstrual causes. The remaining 149 women had 168 episodes with hemoglobin levels below 5 g/dL attributed to chronic excessive menstrual bleeding. Mean age was 41 years (range, 19-55 years). Mean body mass index was 28.9 kg/m(2) (range, 18-57 kg/m(2)); 58.2% were actively bleeding at presentation, and 90.4% reported chronic excessive blood loss. Two thirds recognized heavy bleeding that had persisted for more than 6 months without seeking help. However, 7.8% described their bleeding as normal, and 40.5% had received at least 1 previous transfusion. Mean nadir hemoglobin was 4.15 g/dL (range, 1.6-4.9 g/dL). Mean corpuscular volume was 62.2 fL (range, 47.7-99.8 fL) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration was 29.2 g/dL (range, 25.7-33.6 g/dL). Nearly a quarter had reactive thrombocytosis, which might have created a hypercoagulable state. Bleeding was ultimately attributed to leiomyoma in 47.9%; cancer was detected in 4.8%. A total of 33.9% were discharged without being offered any therapy to prevent subsequent bleeding; 3.0% declined any medical therapy; 35.1% were lost to follow-up prior to receiving effective therapy; and 26.8% had multiple subsequent transfusions before seeking/receiving definitive treatments. CONCLUSION Even when faced with potentially life-threatening anemia because of chronic, excessive menstrual blood loss, some women are not impressed with the serious nature of their problem. Women will benefit from recognizing the health consequences of chronic excessive blood loss. Chronic excessive blood loss should be treated as both an urgent and potentially recurrent problem; physicians should address this clinical concern proactively.
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Agne JL, Ahmad N, Palascak JE, Khaled R, Karim NA. VWD type 2N (Normandy) in two sisters. Haemophilia 2015; 21:e223-e225. [DOI: 10.1111/hae.12595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. L. Agne
- Department of Internal Medicine; The Ohio State University College of Medicine; Columbus OH USA
| | - N. Ahmad
- Department of Internal Medicine; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati OH USA
| | - J. E. Palascak
- Division of Hematology and Oncology; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati OH USA
| | - R. Khaled
- Division of Hematology and Oncology; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati OH USA
| | - N. A. Karim
- Division of Hematology and Oncology; University of Cincinnati College of Medicine; Cincinnati OH USA
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Rahbar N, Faranoush M, Ghorbani R, Sadr Alsadat B. Screening of von Willebrand disease in Iranian women with menorrhagia. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2015; 17:e18244. [PMID: 25763275 PMCID: PMC4341408 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.18244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Revised: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Menorrhagia is a common health problem in women, particularly those with bleeding disorders. Little is known about the course of menorrhagia or other bleeding symptoms in women with the most common congenital bleeding disorder, von Willebrand disease (vWD). Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of vWD in women with diagnosed menorrhagia. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 460 consecutive patients, presenting menorrhagia, were analyzed. The initial screening and confirmation tests for the diagnosis of vWD included determination of prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), bleeding time (BT), fibrinogen, factor VIII, vWF antigen, and vWF activity. A questionnaire was filled for every patient. The data were then analyzed using the SPSS software. Results: Mean age of our patients was 32.5 ± 10.6 years. The level of von Willebrand factor in 22.5% and von Willebrand activity in 19.6% of patients was abnormal. The prevalence of vWD among patients with menorrhagia was 24%. Conclusions: The high prevalence of vWD among our patients was the same as other previous reports, suggesting low awareness about this disease and under diagnosis of mild cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Rahbar
- Research center of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding, Semnan University of Medical Science , Semnan , IR Iran
| | - Mohammad Faranoush
- Hazrat Rasool Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Mohammad Faranoush, Hazrat Rasool Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran. Tel: +98-2188212106, Fax: +98-2188601580, E-mail:
| | - Raheb Ghorbani
- Research Center for Social Determinants of Health, Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, IR Iran
| | - Bahare Sadr Alsadat
- Research center of Abnormal Uterine Bleeding, Semnan University of Medical Science , Semnan , IR Iran
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Kashefi F, Khajehei M, Alavinia M, Golmakani E, Asili J. Effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale) on heavy menstrual bleeding: a placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial. Phytother Res 2015; 29:114-9. [PMID: 25298352 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A wide range of herbal plants have been reported to treat various gynecological problems of women. This study was set out to investigate the effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale) on heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) in high school girls. METHODS Ninety-two young women who experienced HMB and met the inclusion criteria were recruited in this study. Participants were evaluated for six consecutive menstrual cycles. During 3 assessment cycles, their HMB was confirmed by Pictorial Blood Assessment Chart. They were then randomly allocated to two study groups to receive either ginger or placebo capsules. The participants filled in the same chart during three intervention cycles. RESULTS The level of menstrual blood loss dramatically declined during the three intervention cycles in ginger-receiving group. The decrease of blood loss in ginger-receiving group was significantly more remarkable than that of participants receiving placebo (p<0.001). Minimum number of participants reported adverse effects. CONCLUSION HMB is highly prevalent among young women. Considering the significance of appropriate and timely treatment and also the importance of prevention of unwanted consequences, ginger may be considered as an effective therapeutic option for HMB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzaneh Kashefi
- Centre for Nursing Care Research, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Rashid Yasemi St, Vali Asr Ave, Tehran, Iran
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Adams Hillard PJ. Menstruation in adolescents: what do we know? And what do we do with the information? J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2014; 27:309-19. [PMID: 25438706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The menstrual cycle has been recognized as a vital sign that gives information about the overall health of an adolescent or young adult female. Significant deviations from monthly cycles can signal disease or dysfunction. This review highlights the evidence based parameters for normal puberty, menarche, cyclicity, and amount of bleeding. The review addresses sources of information available online, noting inaccuracies that appear in web sites, even and especially those targeting adolescents. The review includes a call to action to provide accurate information about the menstrual cycle as a VITAL SIGN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula J Adams Hillard
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
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Díaz R, Dietrich JE, Mahoney D, Yee DL, Srivaths LV. Hemostatic abnormalities in young females with heavy menstrual bleeding. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2014; 27:324-9. [PMID: 25256871 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2013] [Revised: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the prevalence of hemostatic abnormalities, including bleeding disorders and risk factors, in young females referred to a multidisciplinary clinic for evaluation of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB). METHODS Retrospective chart review was undertaken for 131 post-menarchal girls with HMB, 7 to 17 years of age, enrolled in the institutional 'Menorrhagia Data Registry' protocol. The diagnostic approach included: (1) complete blood count, prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, von Willebrand panel (2) platelet aggregometry, specific clotting factor assay, fibrinolytic pathway analysis, and factor XIII level as needed. The prevalence of hemostatic abnormalities and the prognostic significance of clinical variables associated with hemostatic abnormalities in young girls with HMB were evaluated. RESULTS A hemostatic abnormality was identified in 69 (53%) young girls with HMB. Of these, 27 (21%) had an underlying bleeding disorder and 42 (32%) had a risk factor for bleeding, namely low von Willebrand factor activity. A larger number of girls with underlying bleeding disorder had personal history of other bleeding symptoms (48% vs 31%) and bleeding after surgical or dental procedure (25% vs 8%) when compared to females without hemostatic abnormality. Furthermore, girls with risk factor for bleeding (low vWF activity) were more likely to have bleeding after surgical or dental procedure (15% vs 8%) and family history of bleeding (79% vs 60%) than patients without hemostatic abnormality. CONCLUSIONS There is high prevalence of hemostatic abnormalities, including bleeding disorders and risk factors, in young girls with HMB. These findings support comprehensive and systematic hemostatic evaluation in this group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Díaz
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX.
| | - Jennifer E Dietrich
- Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX; Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
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Management of hematometrocolpos due to dysfunctional uterine bleeding following progestin use: a case report. North Clin Istanb 2014; 1:45-48. [PMID: 28058301 PMCID: PMC5175023 DOI: 10.14744/nci.2014.32932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematometrocolpos is accumulation of blood in the vagina and uterine cavity due to intra-uterine hemorrhage. A 20-year-old female presented to our clinic with massive menorrhagia at menarche after progestin usage. Hematometrocolpos was detected by transabdominal ultrasonography. She was pale because of heavy bleeding for 5 days and hemoglobin level was measured as 5.1 g/dl. Initial treatment was blood transfusion and medical drug therapy. After resolution of the hematometrocolpos was shown by transabdominal ultrasound 2 days later, the patient, who was stable, was discharged without complication. Obstruction of the female genital outflow tract is rarely seen. Hematocolpos has been reported in elderly women following vaginal occlusion due to radiotherapy, vaginal fibroma and labial synechiae causing infection or inflammatory conditions. The case is presented here because of the successful management of hematometrocolpos due to massive dysfunctional uterine bleeding in a young virgin patient.
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Hertweck P, Yoost J. Common problems in pediatric and adolescent gynecology. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1586/eog.10.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Pei SN, Ma MC, You HL, Fu HC, Kuo CY, Rau KM, Wang MC, Lee CT. TMPRSS6 rs855791 polymorphism influences the susceptibility to iron deficiency anemia in women at reproductive age. Int J Med Sci 2014; 11:614-9. [PMID: 24782651 PMCID: PMC4003547 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.8582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide-association studies have identified the TMPRSS6 polymorphism rs855791 has the strongest association with red blood cell indices or iron parameters in general population. Whether this genetic variant influences the susceptibility of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in women with menstruation has not been well studied. METHODS In this case-control study, we enrolled 67 women with IDA and 107 healthy volunteers, and analyzed their complete blood counts, rs855791 genotypes, and menstrual amounts. Menstrual blood loss was evaluated with a pictorial blood-loss assessment chart. RESULTS There were significantly fewer rs855791 C homozygotes in the IDA group than in the healthy group (11.9% vs. 25.2%, p = 0.03). The odds ratio (OR) of C homozygotes having IDA versus non-CC subjects having IDA was 0.4 (95% CI, 0.17 - 0.95, p = 0.04). When the analysis was confined to study subjects with menorrhagia, this difference became more prominent (9.6% vs. 28.6%, p = 0.01; OR, 0.27, 95% CI, 0.09 - 0.77, p = 0.01). For women with non-CC genotypes, there was an inverse correlation between hemoglobin levels and menstrual loss (p < 0.001); however, this association was not found for those with genotypes CC (p = 0.15). CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests homozygosity for TMPRSS6 rs855791 C genotype has a protective role against IDA in women at reproductive age, especially in those with menorrhagia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Nan Pei
- 1. Division of Hema-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan ; 2. Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan ; 3. Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chun Ma
- 1. Division of Hema-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Huey-Ling You
- 2. Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan ; 4. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
| | - Hung-Chun Fu
- 2. Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan ; 5. Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital
| | - Ching-Yuan Kuo
- 1. Division of Hema-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kun-Ming Rau
- 1. Division of Hema-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan ; 2. Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chung Wang
- 1. Division of Hema-Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan ; 2. Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Te Lee
- 2. Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan ; 6. Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Mills HL, Abdel-Baki MS, Teruya J, Dietrich JE, Shah MD, Mahoney D, Yee DL, Srivaths LV. Platelet function defects in adolescents with heavy menstrual bleeding. Haemophilia 2013; 20:249-54. [DOI: 10.1111/hae.12293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. L. Mills
- Department of Pediatrics; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX
- Section of Hematology/Oncology; Department of Pediatrics; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX
| | - M. S. Abdel-Baki
- Department of Pediatrics; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX
- Section of Hematology/Oncology; Department of Pediatrics; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX
| | - J. Teruya
- Department of Pediatrics; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX
- Section of Hematology/Oncology; Department of Pediatrics; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX
- Division of Transfusion Medicine; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX
| | - J. E. Dietrich
- Department of Pediatrics; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX USA
| | - M. D. Shah
- Department of Pediatrics; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX
- Section of Hematology/Oncology; Department of Pediatrics; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX
| | - D. Mahoney
- Department of Pediatrics; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX
- Section of Hematology/Oncology; Department of Pediatrics; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX
| | - D. L. Yee
- Department of Pediatrics; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX
- Section of Hematology/Oncology; Department of Pediatrics; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX
| | - L. V. Srivaths
- Department of Pediatrics; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX
- Section of Hematology/Oncology; Department of Pediatrics; Baylor College of Medicine; Houston TX
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Seravalli V, Linari S, Peruzzi E, Dei M, Paladino E, Bruni V. Prevalence of hemostatic disorders in adolescents with abnormal uterine bleeding. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2013; 26:285-9. [PMID: 24012130 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2013.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Revised: 05/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE To evaluate the incidence of hemostatic disorders in a population of adolescents with various patterns of abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB). DESIGN Retrospective observational study. SETTING University hospital. PARTICIPANTS One hundred thirteen adolescents with AUB; mean age at menarche and mean age at the onset of symptoms 12 ± 1.2 years and 13.5 ± 2.8 years, respectively. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Data on menstrual history, bleeding symptoms, co-existing medical conditions, and medical therapies were assessed. All patients were screened for hemostatic disorders with laboratory testing. The incidence of the disorders was calculated. Subjects were further divided in 2 groups based on whether the AUB started in the first 2 years from menarche (group 1) or later (group 2). A statistical analysis was performed using a chi-square test to compare incidence of hemostatic disorders between the groups. RESULTS One hundred thirteen adolescents with AUB were identified. Overall, 54 (47.8%) patients had some underlying hemostatic disorder, of which a platelet dysfunction was the most common (17.7%). Von Willebrand disease was detected in 13.3% of cases and a deficiency of a coagulation factor in 12.4%. In 7.1% of patients an isolated increase of bleeding time was observed. When divided in 2 groups, 44.2% of patients in group 1 and 59.2% in group 2 had a coagulation disorders, with no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (P = .17). CONCLUSION AUB in adolescents is frequently associated with an underlying disorder of hemostasis, most commonly a platelet function disorder. The results highlight the importance of screening for coagulation disorders in adolescents with AUB, independently from the gynecologic age at onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Seravalli
- Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology Unit, Department of Science for Child and Women's Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
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Knol HM, Mulder AB, Bogchelman DH, Kluin-Nelemans HC, van der Zee AGJ, Meijer K. The prevalence of underlying bleeding disorders in patients with heavy menstrual bleeding with and without gynecologic abnormalities. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2013; 209:202.e1-7. [PMID: 23727521 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2013.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Revised: 04/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence of underlying bleeding disorders in women with heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) with and without gynecologic abnormalities. STUDY DESIGN We performed a single-center prospective cohort study of 112 consecutive patients who were referred for heavy menstrual bleeding. Control subjects were 28 healthy volunteers who reported no HMB. Patients and control subjects had hemostatic testing in the first week after menstruation. Patients underwent gynecologic evaluation. RESULTS The median age was 42.5 years (range, 17-55 years) in patients and 40.0 years (range, 25-55 years) in control subjects. Forty-six percent of patients had anemia; the median pictorial bleeding assessment chart score was 271. Seven percent of the control subjects with a subjectively normal menstruation had anemia. Twenty-six percent of patients had gynecologic abnormalities, which was considered to explain HMB. Overall, we found an underlying bleeding disorder in 29% of the patients, which was comparable for unexplained and explained HMB (31% vs 27%; P = .75). We diagnosed 6 cases of Von Willebrand's disease, 4 cases of factor XI deficiency, and 1 case of factor VII deficiency. The only abnormalities that we found in control subjects were platelet aggregation defects (11% in control subjects vs 23% in patients). Patients had a significantly longer activated partial thromboplastin time compared with control subjects (26.5 vs 25.0 seconds; P = .001) that was caused by lower median levels of factor XI (100 vs 124 IU/dL; P < .001). CONCLUSION Bleeding disorders play an equally important role in the cause of both unexplained and explained heavy menstrual bleeding. A novel finding is the occurrence of low, but not deficient, levels of factor XI.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Marieke Knol
- Division of Hemostasis and Thrombosis, Department of Hematology, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Wasiak R, Filonenko A, Vanness DJ, Law A, Jeddi M, Wittrup-Jensen KU, Stull DE, Siak S, Jensen JT. Impact of estradiol valerate/dienogest on work productivity and activities of daily living in women with heavy menstrual bleeding. J Womens Health (Larchmt) 2013; 22:378-84. [PMID: 23586801 DOI: 10.1089/jwh.2012.3633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To quantify the change in work productivity and activities of daily living in North American women with heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) treated with estradiol valerate/dienogest (E2V/DNG; Qlaira(®)/Natazia(®)) compared to placebo. METHODS Women in the United States and Canada, aged 20-53 years with an objective diagnosis of HMB and no recognizable anatomical pathology, were treated with E2V/DNG or placebo for seven cycles (196 days). Main outcome measures included work productivity (i.e., productivity while at work) and activities of daily living measured using a modified Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire (mWPAI) on a Likert scale from 0 to 10 (higher values denote higher impairment levels). RESULTS In both countries, significant improvement was observed between baseline and end of treatment in work productivity and activities of daily living impairment. The improvements in work productivity and activities of daily living with E2V/DNG treatment relative to placebo ranged from 37.2% to 39.2% across both countries. Monthly gains due to E2V/DNG treatment (net of placebo improvement) associated with improvement in work productivity were estimated to be US$80.2 and Can$70.8 (US$58.5) and those associated with improvement in activities of daily living were estimated to be US$84.9 and Can$73.5 (US$60.7). CONCLUSIONS E2V/DNG was shown to have a consistent positive impact on work productivity and activities of daily living in U.S. and Canadian women with HMB. In addition, these improvements in work productivity and activities of daily living were associated with a reduction in HMB-related monetary burden compared to the placebo group.
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Khair K, Holland M, Pollard D. The experience of girls and young Women with inherited bleeding disorders. Haemophilia 2013; 19:e276-81. [DOI: 10.1111/hae.12155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Khair
- Haemophilia Centre; Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; London; UK
| | | | - D. Pollard
- Haemophilia Centre; Royal Free Hospital; London; UK
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Venkateswaran L, Dietrich JE. Gynecologic concerns in pubertal females with blood disorders. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2013; 26:80-5. [PMID: 23095526 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2012.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Revised: 07/02/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The incidence and prevalence of blood disorders varies depending on the underlying etiology, age, ethnicity, family history, and presence of comorbid medical conditions. Gynecologic problems occurring around puberty may cause stress to families and patients, as well as management challenges to providers. RECENT FINDINGS Management strategies in the setting of bleeding disorders include hormonal and non-hormonal options to address problems occurring around puberty. Management strategies in the setting of clotting disorders allow providers to address common problems occurring in adolescence, while minimizing risk of venous thromboembolism. SUMMARY Preparedness is important at this time of life, not only to prevent unwanted gynecologic complications or hospitalizations related to specific blood conditions, but also to identify problems related to reproductive care that may be exacerbated or complicated by an underlying blood disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Venkateswaran
- Section of Pediatric Hematology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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Bayer LL, Hillard PJA. Use of levonorgestrel intrauterine system for medical indications in adolescents. J Adolesc Health 2013; 52:S54-8. [PMID: 23535058 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2012.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) is an underused contraceptive method in adolescent populations. In addition to being a highly effective, reversible, long-acting contraception, the LNG-IUS has many noncontraceptive health benefits including reduced menstrual bleeding, decreased dysmenorrhea and pelvic pain related to endometriosis, and menstruation suppression in teens with physical or developmental disabilities. The LNG-IUS can also provide endometrial protection in teens with chronic anovulation, and may be used to treat endometrial hyperplasia and cancer. This review examines the evidence supporting the use of the LNG-IUS in adolescents for these noncontraceptive benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa L Bayer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, USA.
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Amesse LS, Pfaff-Amesse T, Gunning WT, Duffy N, French JA. Clinical and laboratory characteristics of adolescents with platelet function disorders and heavy menstrual bleeding. Exp Hematol Oncol 2013; 2:3. [PMID: 23347697 PMCID: PMC3584827 DOI: 10.1186/2162-3619-2-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Platelet function disorders (PFDs) have emerged as an important etiology of heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) in adolescents. However, neither clinical nor laboratory data have been methodically analyzed in this population subset. The objective of this study was to evaluate these parameters in order to distinguish characteristics of the disorder that in turn will lead to earlier diagnosis and therapy initiation. METHODS Retrospective review of medical records from postmenarcheal adolescents with documented PFDs referred to a hemophilia treatment center and university faculty practices for bleeding diatheses with their clinical and laboratory data evaluated. RESULTS Of 63 teens with documented PFDs, HMB was the most common clinical manifestation of PFD (43; 68.3%). Of these, 37 (86%) were diagnosed with PFD either at or after menarche with the diagnosis based on HMB symptoms alone. Only 6 (14%) were diagnosed with a PFD prior to menarche, based on associated bleeding, i.e., epistaxis, ecchymosis, and all developed HMB after menstruation onset. Interestingly, 20 girls were diagnosed with a PFD prior to menarche and of these, only 6 (30%) went on to develop HMB after pubertal transition, while the majority (14; 70%) did not. The average age-at-PFD diagnosis was 14.5yrs, significantly differing from the 10.9yrs average age-at-PFD diagnosis in their counterparts that, after menarche, did not develop HMB (P<.01) Blood type O occurred significantly more frequently (76%) than national norms (P <.037). Incidence of δ-Storage Pool deficiency (δ-SPD) was significantly higher (74%) than their non-HMB cohorts (45%) (P <.007). Coagulation and von Willebrand factor studies were all normal. Abnormal closure times and aggregation studies were observed in 42% and 60%, respectively, of tested girls. In 25.6% for whom standard platelet studies were normal, electron microscopy detected reduced platelet δ-granules numbers (δ-SPD). CONCLUSIONS Adolescents with PFDs and HMB appear to be clinically distinct from their non-HMB counterparts. This group of girls is characterized by HMB the major bleeding symptom, significantly high incidences of blood group O and the δ-SPD with a PFD diagnosed well after menarche. High false negative standard platelet function study results indicate additional diagnostic strategies, particularly for δ-SPD, should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lawrence S Amesse
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of OB-GYN, Section of Pediatric-Adolescent Gynecology, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH, USA.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) is an extremely common problem among adolescents. This article reviews the differential diagnosis and clinical presentation. Additionally, we aim to present the most up-to-date guidelines for evaluation and treatment. RECENT FINDINGS Bleeding disorders are now recognized as a common cause for menorrhagia. The recommended laboratory evaluation has evolved in the last few years. Most forms of hormonal contraception, including the levonorgestrel intra-uterine device, are effective and have been studied in adolescents. SUMMARY HMB is prevalent in the adolescent population and is associated with serious complications. Laboratory analysis to rule out bleeding disorders should be considered. Medical management, the cornerstone of treatment, has been proven to be safe and effective in this population.
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Byams VR, Anderson BL, Grant AM, Atrash H, Schulkin J. Evaluation of bleeding disorders in women with menorrhagia: a survey of obstetrician-gynecologists. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2012; 207:269.e1-5. [PMID: 22901979 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2012.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 06/20/2012] [Accepted: 07/10/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To better understand the current evaluation of unexplained menorrhagia by obstetrician-gynecologists and the extent to which a bleeding disorder diagnosis is being considered in this population. STUDY DESIGN A total of 1200 Fellows and Junior Fellows of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists were invited to participate in a survey on blood disorders. Respondents completed a questionnaire regarding their patient population and their evaluation of patients with unexplained menorrhagia. RESULTS The overall response rate was 42.4%. Eighty-two percent of respondents reported having seen patients with menorrhagia caused by a bleeding disorder. Seventy-seven percent of physicians reported they would be likely or very likely to consider a bleeding disorder as causing menorrhagia in adolescent patients; however, only 38.8% would consider bleeding disorders in reproductive age women. CONCLUSION The current data demonstrate that obstetrician-gynecologists seem to have a relatively high awareness of bleeding disorders as a potential underlying cause of menorrhagia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa R Byams
- Division of Blood Disorders, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities (NCBDDD), Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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