1
|
Hamidizade M, Taghavi SM, Soleimani A, Bouazar M, Abachi H, Portier P, Osdaghi E. Wild mushrooms as potential reservoirs of plant pathogenic bacteria: a case study on Burkholderia gladioli. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0339523. [PMID: 38380912 PMCID: PMC10986547 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03395-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Fruit bodies (sporocarps) of wild mushrooms growing in natural environments play a substantial role in the preservation of microbial communities, for example, clinical and food-poisoning bacteria. However, the role of wild mushrooms as natural reservoirs of plant pathogenic bacteria remains almost entirely unknown. Furthermore, bacterial transmission from a mushroom species to agricultural plants has rarely been recorded in the literature. In September 2021, a creamy-white Gram-negative bacterial strain was isolated from the sporocarp of Suillus luteus (slippery jack) growing in Bermuda grass (Cynodon dactylon) lawn in Southern Iran. A similar strain was isolated from the same fungus in the same area in September 2022. Both strains were identified as Burkholderia gladioli based on phenotypic features as well as phylogeny of 16S rRNA and three housekeeping genes. The strains were not only pathogenic on white button mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) but also induced hypersensitive reaction (HR) on tobacco and common bean leaves and caused soft rot on a set of diverse plant species, that is, chili pepper, common bean pod, cucumber, eggplant, garlic, gladiolus, narcissus, onion, potato, spring onion, okra, kohlrabi, mango, and watermelon. Isolation of plant pathogenic B. gladioli strains from sporocarp of S. luteus in two consecutive years in the same area could be indicative of the role of this fungus in the preservation of the bacterium in the natural environment. B. gladioli associated with naturally growing S. luteus could potentially invade neighboring agricultural crops, for example, vegetables and ornamentals. The potential role of wild mushrooms as natural reservoirs of phytopathogenic bacteria is further discussed.IMPORTANCEThe bacterial genus Burkholderia contains biologically heterogeneous strains that can be isolated from diverse habitats, that is, soil, water, diseased plant material, and clinical specimens. In this study, two Gram-negative pectinolytic bacterial strains were isolated from the sporocarps of Suillus luteus in September 2021 and 2022. Molecular phylogenetic analyses revealed that both strains belonged to the complex species Burkholderia gladioli, while the pathovar status of the strains remained undetermined. Biological investigations accomplished with pathogenicity and host range assays showed that B. gladioli strains isolated from S. luteus in two consecutive years were pathogenic on a set of diverse plant species ranging from ornamentals to both monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous vegetables. Thus, B. gladioli could be considered an infectious pathogen capable of being transmitted from wild mushrooms to annual crops. Our results raise a hypothesis that wild mushrooms could be considered as potential reservoirs for phytopathogenic B. gladioli.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mozhde Hamidizade
- Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - S. Mohsen Taghavi
- Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ardavan Soleimani
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bouazar
- Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hamid Abachi
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
| | - Perrine Portier
- Univ Angers, Institut Agro, INRAE, IRHS, SFR QUASAV, CIRM-CFBP, Angers, France
| | - Ebrahim Osdaghi
- Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
- Center for International Scientific Studies and Collaborations (CISSC) of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shen BJ, Wang JT, Chang HT, Chang SC, Liao CH. Single-Center Experience of Control of Ventilator-Circuit-Transmitted Burkholderia cepacia Outbreak in an Intensive Care Unit. Trop Med Infect Dis 2023; 8:335. [PMID: 37505631 PMCID: PMC10384831 DOI: 10.3390/tropicalmed8070335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia cepacia is an emerging nosocomial pathogen frequently associated with outbreaks, but the exact transmission route of this pathogen can at times be elusive in spite of extensive environmental investigative cultures. Active surveillance for sputum cultures was performed for all patients from September 2008 to September 2009 in an intensive care unit (ICU) with B. cepacia outbreak. With evidence of persistent positive conversion of sputum cultures (colonization) and infections among patients, discontinuing re-usable ventilator circuits was introduced. A total of 689 patients were admitted to this unit for a mean duration of 8.7 ± 7.5 days. There were 489 patients (71.0%) with a stay for one to ten days; 161 (23.4%) patients for 11 to 20 days; and 39 (5.7%) with over 20 days. In the first group, 13.5% of patients had cultures converting from negative to positive, in contrast to 66.7% in the last group (p < 0.01). With intervention of using disposable ventilator circuits since June 2009, the incidence of isolated B. cepacia decreased gradually. The estimated 30-day isolation-free probabilities of the groups before, during, one month (August 2009) after, and two months (September 2009) after this intervention were 38.5%, 47.3%, 66.5%, and 96.0%, respectively (p < 0.01). Furthermore, the effect of discontinuing reusable ventilator circuit persisted in the following 6 years; both total isolates of B. cepacia and the infection caused by it were much lower compared to the outbreak period. In summary, this six-year outbreak in a medical ICU persisted until reusable ventilator circuits were discontinued in 2009. The effect of disposable circuits on the decreased incidence of B. cepacia infection maintained in the following years.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Jie Shen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24352, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
| | - Jann-Tay Wang
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
| | - Hou-Tai Chang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Chwen Chang
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100225, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hsing Liao
- Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City 22060, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 100147, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang J, Huang J, Xiao X, Zhang D, Zhang Z, Zhou Z, Liu S. (R)−3-hydroxybutyrate production by Burkholderia cepacia in the cathode chamber of ethanol-producing microbial fuel cells. Biochem Eng J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2022.108581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
|
4
|
Survey on Carbapenem-Resistant Bacteria in Pigs at Slaughter and Comparison with Human Clinical Isolates in Italy. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11060777. [PMID: 35740183 PMCID: PMC9219774 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11060777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This study is focused on resistance to carbapenems and third-generation cephalosporins in Gram-negative microorganisms isolated from swine, whose transmission to humans via pork consumption cannot be excluded. In addition, the common carriage of carbapenem-resistant (CR) bacteria between humans and pigs was evaluated. Sampling involved 300 faecal samples collected from slaughtered pigs and 300 urine samples collected from 187 hospitalised patients in Parma Province (Italy). In swine, MIC testing confirmed resistance to meropenem for isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Pseudomonas oryzihabitans and resistance to cefotaxime and ceftazidime for Escherichia coli, Ewingella americana, Enterobacter agglomerans, and Citrobacter freundii. For Acinetobacter lwoffii, Aeromonas hydrofila, Burkolderia cepacia, Corynebacterium indologenes, Flavobacterium odoratum, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, no EUCAST MIC breakpoints were available. However, ESBL genes (blaCTXM-1, blaCTX-M-2, blaTEM-1, and blaSHV) and AmpC genes (blaCIT, blaACC, and blaEBC) were found in 38 and 16 isolates, respectively. P. aeruginosa was the only CR species shared by pigs (4/300 pigs; 1.3%) and patients (2/187; 1.1%). P. aeruginosa ST938 carrying blaPAO and blaOXA396 was detected in one pig as well as an 83-year-old patient. Although no direct epidemiological link was demonstrable, SNP calling and cgMLST showed a genetic relationship of the isolates (86 SNPs and 661 allele difference), thus suggesting possible circulation of CR bacteria between swine and humans.
Collapse
|
5
|
Singh S, Bhatia S. Quorum Sensing Inhibitors: Curbing Pathogenic Infections through Inhibition of Bacterial Communication. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL RESEARCH : IJPR 2021; 20:486-514. [PMID: 34567177 PMCID: PMC8457738 DOI: 10.22037/ijpr.2020.113470.14318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Currently, most of the developed and developing countries are facing the problem of infectious diseases. The genius way of an exaggerated application of antibiotics led the infectious agents to respond by bringing a regime of persisters to resist antibiotics attacks prolonging their survival. Persisters have the dexterity to communicate among themself using signal molecules via the process of Quorum Sensing (QS), which regulates virulence gene expression and biofilms formation, making them more vulnerable to antibiotic attack. Our review aims at the different approaches applied in the ordeal to solve the riddle for QS inhibitors. QS inhibitors, their origin, structures and key interactions for QS inhibitory activity have been summarized. Solicitation of a potent QS inhibitor molecule would be beneficial, giving new life to the simplest antibiotics in adjuvant therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shaminder Singh
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3 Milestone, Faridabad-Gurugram Expressway, Faridabad - 121 001, Haryana, India
| | - Sonam Bhatia
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, SHALOM Institute of Health and Allied Sciences, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences (SHUATS), Naini-211007, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ibrahim S, Madigubba H, N HY, Chawla K. Burkholderia cepacia infection in a non-cystic fibrosis patient: an arcane presentation. Access Microbiol 2021; 3:000222. [PMID: 34151173 PMCID: PMC8208758 DOI: 10.1099/acmi.0.000222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Burkholderia cepacia is an aerobic, Gram-negative bacillus, which exhibits innate resistance to multiple antibiotics and disinfectants. Although it is a chronic colonizer of the respiratory tract, it may rarely present with fatal necrotizing pneumonia-like features in immunosuppressed individuals, as those with chronic granulomatous disease, or patients with significant pulmonary compromise, like cystic fibrosis. Case Presentation A 76-year-old male presented with complaints of breathlessness, cough with mucoid expectoration and fever for 3 days. He had a history of coronary artery disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), diabetes mellitus and hypertension, under treatment. Pulmonary function tests were suggestive of very severe obstruction (FEV1/FVC was 55 %). So, clinical diagnosis of acute exacerbation of COPD was established. Sputum culture grew B. cepacia. The patient was treated with ceftazidime and meropenem along with inhalational bronchodilators and steroids, and showed symptomatic response to therapy. Conclusion There is paucity of the literature describing B. cepacia as a potential cause for acute exacerbations in relatively common clinical conditions, such as COPD. This case report highlights the speculation of this rare possibility, thereby alerting a clinician dealing with such cases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sufyan Ibrahim
- Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Haritha Madigubba
- Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Himanshu Y N
- Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Kiran Chawla
- Department of Microbiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
De Volder AL, Teves S, Isasmendi A, Pinheiro JL, Ibarra L, Breglia N, Herrera T, Vazquez M, Hernandez C, Degrossi J. Distribution of Burkholderia cepacia complex species isolated from industrial processes and contaminated products in Argentina. Int Microbiol 2020; 24:157-167. [PMID: 33184776 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-020-00151-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) members have clinical relevance as opportunistic pathogens in patients with cystic fibrosis and are responsible of numerous nosocomial infections. These closely related bacteria are also reported as frequent contaminants of industrial products. In this retrospective study, we use PCR and recA gene sequence analysis to identify at species level Bcc isolates recovered from massive consumption products and industrial processes in Argentina during the last 25 years. The sequences obtained were also compared with recA sequences from clinical Bcc isolates deposited in GenBank database. We detected Bcc in purified water and preserved products from pharmaceutics, cosmetics, household cleaning articles, and beverages industries. B. contaminans (which is prevalent among people with cystic fibrosis in Argentina) was the most frequent Bcc species identified (42% of the Bcc isolates studied). B. cepacia (10%), B. cenocepacia (5%), B. vietnamiensis (16%), B. arboris (3%), and the recently defined B. aenigmatica (24%) were also detected. Rec A sequences from all B. cepacia and most B. contaminans industrial isolates obtained in this study displayed 100% identity with recA sequences from isolates infecting Argentinean patients. This information brings evidence for considering industrial massive consumption products as a potential source of Bcc infections. In addition, identification at species level in industrial microbiological laboratories is necessary for a better epidemiological surveillance. Particularly in Argentina, more studies are required in order to reveal the role of these products in the acquisition of B. contaminans infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A López De Volder
- Cátedra de Microbiología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Instituto de Investigaciones en Bacteriología y Virología Molecular (IBaViM), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - S Teves
- Cátedra de Microbiología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - A Isasmendi
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - J L Pinheiro
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - L Ibarra
- Servicio de Bacteriología Clínica, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - N Breglia
- Cátedra de Microbiología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - T Herrera
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M Vazquez
- Servicio de Bacteriología Clínica, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - C Hernandez
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital de Pediatría Juan P. Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - José Degrossi
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Bacteriología y Virología Molecular (IBaViM), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. .,Cátedra de Salud Pública e Higiene Ambiental, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Junín 956 4° Floor, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kim JS, Yoon SJ, Park YJ, Kim SY, Ryu CM. Crossing the kingdom border: Human diseases caused by plant pathogens. Environ Microbiol 2020; 22:2485-2495. [PMID: 32307848 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between pathogenic microorganisms and their hosts are varied and complex, encompassing open-field scale interactions to interactions at the molecular level. The capacity of plant pathogenic bacteria and fungi to cause diseases in human and animal systems was, until recently, considered of minor importance. However, recent evidence suggests that animal and human infections caused by plant pathogenic fungi, bacteria and viruses may have critical impacts on human and animal health and safety. This review analyses previous research on plant pathogens as causal factors of animal illness. In addition, a case study involving disruption of type III effector-mediated phagocytosis in a human cell line upon infection with an opportunistic phytopathogen, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, is discussed. Further knowledge regarding the molecular interactions between plant pathogens and human and animal hosts is needed to understand the extent of disease incidence and determine mechanisms for disease prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Seob Kim
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseng-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Yoon
- Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseng-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Young-Jun Park
- Environmental Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseng-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seon-Yeong Kim
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseng-gu, Daejeon, South Korea.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Choong-Min Ryu
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yuseng-gu, Daejeon, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Keswani C, Prakash O, Bharti N, Vílchez JI, Sansinenea E, Lally RD, Borriss R, Singh SP, Gupta VK, Fraceto LF, de Lima R, Singh HB. Re-addressing the biosafety issues of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 690:841-852. [PMID: 31302549 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
To promote agronomic sustainability, extensive research is being carried out globally, investigating biofertilizer development. Recently, it has been realized that some microorganisms used as biofertilizers behave as opportunistic pathogens and belong to the biosafety level 2 (BSL-2) classification. This poses serious risk to the environmental and human health. Evidence presented in various scientific forums is increasingly favoring the merits of using BSL-2 microorganisms as biofertilizers. In this review, we emphasize that partial characterization based on traditional microbiological approaches and small subunit rRNA gene sequences/conserved regions are insufficient for the characterization of biofertilizer strains. It is advised herein, that research and industrial laboratories developing biofertilizers for commercialization or environmental release must characterize microorganisms of interest using a multilateral polyphasic approach of microbial systematics. This will determine their risk group and biosafety characteristics before proceeding with formulation development and environmental application. It has also been suggested that microorganisms belonging to risk-group-1 and BSL-1 category should be used for formulation development and for field scale applications. While, BSL-2 microorganisms should be restricted for research using containment practices compliant with strict regulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chetan Keswani
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
| | - Om Prakash
- National Centre for Microbial Resource, National Centre for Cell Science, Pune 411007, India.
| | - Nidhi Bharti
- Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India.
| | - Juan I Vílchez
- Department of Plant Growth Promotion Rhizobacteria, Plant Stress Centre for Biology (PSC), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, China.
| | - Estibaliz Sansinenea
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma de Puebla, Puebla, Pue, Mexico.
| | - Richard D Lally
- Research Department, Alltech, 3031 Catnip Hill Road, Nicholasville, KY 40356, USA.
| | - Rainer Borriss
- Nord Reet UG Greifswald, Germany and Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Surya P Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
| | - Vijai K Gupta
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Akadeemia tee 15, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Leonardo F Fraceto
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Science and Technology, Avenida Três de Março, 511, Alto da Boa Vista, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Renata de Lima
- LABiToN - LaboratóriodeAvaliaçãodeBioatividadeeToxicologiade Nanomateriais, University of Sorocaba, Rodovia Raposo Tavares, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Harikesh B Singh
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agriculture Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Okonkwo ON, Hassan AO, Oderinlo O, Gyasi ME. Burkholderia cepacia, a cause of post pars plana vitrectomy silicone oil related endophthalmitis: clinico-pathological presentation and outcome of management. Int J Retina Vitreous 2018; 4:35. [PMID: 30263148 PMCID: PMC6156949 DOI: 10.1186/s40942-018-0138-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To report the long-term outcome of the management of a series of culture proven post pars plana vitrectomy endophthalmitis in which the infective agent was in the silicone oil used as an endotamponade. The isolates were Burkholderia cepacia and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Method A retrospective interventional reporting of a series consisting of a cluster of five cases. Cases Five consecutive patients received the same batch of 5000-centistoke silicone oil as endotamponade at the conclusion of vitreoretinal surgery and presented with features of acute intraocular inflammation, which was due to an infective cause. The infective organism isolated from the mixture of silicone oil and fluid was B. cepacia in three out of the initial cluster of four eyes and P. aeruginosa in the fifth eye. Outcome of management The initial 4 eyes evolved into eyes with poor vision (hand motion, perception of light and no perception of light), advanced proliferative vitreoretinopathy, hypotony, phthisis bulbi and cornea opacity. The poor visual outcome was deemed to be consequent to delay in removal of the silicone oil, despite use of intravitreal, systemic and topical antibiotics. The fifth case, because of the heightened index of suspicion gained from the preceding four cases, had a prompt removal of the silicone oil, vitreal lavage with antibiotics, and intravitreal injection of antibiotics and steroid. He regained a 6/9 vision. Conclusion Gram-negative bacilli can colonize silicone oil resulting in post pars plana vitrectomy endophthalmitis. The index of suspicion for this should be high and can be managed successfully with prompt removal of the silicone oil, microbial sensitive antibiotic lavage of the vitreous cavity, followed by a repeat tamponade.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Olufemi Oderinlo
- Eye Foundation Retina Institute, 27 Isaac John Street, GRA, Ikeja, Lagos Nigeria
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wong JK, Chambers LC, Elsmo EJ, Jenkins TL, Howerth EW, Sánchez S, Sakamoto K. Cellulitis caused by the Burkholderia cepacia complex associated with contaminated chlorhexidine 2% scrub in five domestic cats. J Vet Diagn Invest 2018; 30:763-769. [PMID: 29877147 DOI: 10.1177/1040638718782333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Isolates of the Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) are known as plant and human pathogens. We describe herein BCC infections as the cause of subcutaneous abscesses and purulent cellulitis in 5 cats. All cats were presented with an open wound, and 4 received standard wound care and empiric antibiotic therapy. Despite treatment, clinical signs worsened in 4 cats. Isolates of the BCC were obtained from all 5 cases. Two cats were submitted for postmortem examination. Subcutaneous abscesses with draining fistulas were observed. Histopathology revealed severe, pyogranulomatous cellulitis with intralesional gram-negative bacilli. Based on susceptibility results, the other 3 cats were administered effective antibiotics and recovered without complications. The BCC was cultured from the 2% chlorhexidine surgical scrub solution used in the clinic, suggesting the source of infection for 4 of 5 cats. Given the ability to grow in antiseptic solutions, the extra steps required to culture from antiseptics, and innate multidrug resistance, the BCC poses a challenge to both detect and treat. Although the BCC causes disease almost exclusively in humans with cystic fibrosis or immunodeficiency, the bacteria should also be a differential for nosocomial infections in veterinary patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica K Wong
- Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA (Wong).,Lance Animal Hospital, Gainesville, GA (Chambers).,Wisconsin State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Madison, WI (Elsmo).,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (Jenkins).,Department of Pathology (Howerth, Sakamoto), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.,Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Infectious Diseases (Sánchez), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Lara C Chambers
- Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA (Wong).,Lance Animal Hospital, Gainesville, GA (Chambers).,Wisconsin State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Madison, WI (Elsmo).,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (Jenkins).,Department of Pathology (Howerth, Sakamoto), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.,Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Infectious Diseases (Sánchez), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Elizabeth J Elsmo
- Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA (Wong).,Lance Animal Hospital, Gainesville, GA (Chambers).,Wisconsin State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Madison, WI (Elsmo).,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (Jenkins).,Department of Pathology (Howerth, Sakamoto), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.,Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Infectious Diseases (Sánchez), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Tiffany L Jenkins
- Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA (Wong).,Lance Animal Hospital, Gainesville, GA (Chambers).,Wisconsin State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Madison, WI (Elsmo).,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (Jenkins).,Department of Pathology (Howerth, Sakamoto), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.,Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Infectious Diseases (Sánchez), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Elizabeth W Howerth
- Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA (Wong).,Lance Animal Hospital, Gainesville, GA (Chambers).,Wisconsin State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Madison, WI (Elsmo).,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (Jenkins).,Department of Pathology (Howerth, Sakamoto), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.,Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Infectious Diseases (Sánchez), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Susan Sánchez
- Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA (Wong).,Lance Animal Hospital, Gainesville, GA (Chambers).,Wisconsin State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Madison, WI (Elsmo).,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (Jenkins).,Department of Pathology (Howerth, Sakamoto), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.,Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Infectious Diseases (Sánchez), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| | - Kaori Sakamoto
- Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA (Wong).,Lance Animal Hospital, Gainesville, GA (Chambers).,Wisconsin State Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, Madison, WI (Elsmo).,Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH (Jenkins).,Department of Pathology (Howerth, Sakamoto), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.,Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory and Department of Infectious Diseases (Sánchez), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Ibrahim M, Yap JY. Burkholderia cepacia: a rare cause of bacterial keratitis. BMJ Case Rep 2018; 2018:bcr-2018-224552. [PMID: 29695396 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2018-224552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the first clinical case of Burkholderia cepacia keratitis registered in Southeast Asia. A man in his mid-70s with underlying poorly controlled diabetes mellitus came with complaints of painful red left eye for 4 days. This was accompanied with photophobia and blurring of vision after being injured by a wooden particle while cutting grass. Slit-lamp examination showed a paracentral anterior corneal stromal infiltrates with overlying epithelial defect. Culture of the corneal smear isolated B. cepacia that was sensitive to ceftazidime, meropenem and bactrim (trimethorprim and sulfomethoxazole). Topical ceftazidime was given intensively to the patient and the infection resolved after 6 weeks of treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohtar Ibrahim
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universiti Sains Malaysia School of Medical Sciences, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Jin Yi Yap
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universiti Sains Malaysia School of Medical Sciences, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.,Surgical Department, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Improved High-Quality Draft Genome Sequence and Annotation of Burkholderia contaminans LMG 23361 T. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2017; 5:5/16/e00245-17. [PMID: 28428315 PMCID: PMC5399274 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.00245-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Burkholderia contaminans LMG 23361 is the type strain of the species isolated from the milk of a dairy sheep with mastitis. Some pharmaceutical products contain disinfectants such as benzalkonium chloride (BZK) and previously we reported that B. contaminans LMG 23361T possesses the ability to inactivate BZK with high biodegradation rates. Here, we report an improved high-quality draft genome sequence of this strain.
Collapse
|
14
|
Wijers CD, Chmiel JF, Gaston BM. Bacterial infections in patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia: Comparison with cystic fibrosis. Chron Respir Dis 2017; 14:392-406. [PMID: 29081265 PMCID: PMC5729729 DOI: 10.1177/1479972317694621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is an autosomal recessive disorder associated with severely impaired mucociliary clearance caused by defects in ciliary structure and function. Although recurrent bacterial infection of the respiratory tract is one of the major clinical features of this disease, PCD airway microbiology is understudied. Despite the differences in pathophysiology, assumptions about respiratory tract infections in patients with PCD are often extrapolated from cystic fibrosis (CF) airway microbiology. This review aims to summarize the current understanding of bacterial infections in patients with PCD, including infections with Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Moraxella catarrhalis, as it relates to bacterial infections in patients with CF. Further, we will discuss current and potential future treatment strategies aimed at improving the care of patients with PCD suffering from recurring bacterial infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christiaan Dm Wijers
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - James F Chmiel
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Benjamin M Gaston
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
An 87-Year-Old Man with Acute Catastrophic Pneumonia. Ann Am Thorac Soc 2016; 13:432-7. [PMID: 26963355 DOI: 10.1513/annalsats.201507-418cc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
|
16
|
Cunha BA, Gian J, Dieguez B, Santos-Cruz E, Matassa D, Gerson S, Daniels P, Rosales C, Silletti RP. Burkholderia contaminans Colonization from Contaminated Liquid Docusate (Colace) in a Immunocompetent Adult with Legionnaire's Disease: Infection Control Implications and the Potential Role of Candida pellucosa. J Clin Med 2016; 5:jcm5120110. [PMID: 27916878 PMCID: PMC5184783 DOI: 10.3390/jcm5120110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective:B. contaminans was cultured from respiratory secretions and liquid docusate (Colace) in a Neurosurgical Intensive Care Unit (NICU) patient with community-acquired Legionnaire’s disease but not from another bottle given to the patient. Unexpectedly, C. pelliculosa was cultured from two bottles, but not the B. contaminans bottle or respiratory secretions. Methods:B. cepacia, later identified as B. contaminans, was cultured from a bottle of liquid docusate (Colace) dispensed to a non-cystic fibrosis patient. His respiratory secretions were colonized with B. contaminans. Results: Eradication of B. contaminans colonization in the patient’s respiratory secretions was attempted. With levofloxacin, B. contaminans developed multidrug resistance (MDR). Subsequent TMP-SMX therapy did not result in further MDR. Nine other ICU patients were given docusate from the same lot, but there were no other B. contaminans isolates. Conclusion:B. contaminans colonization of respiratory secretion may be difficult to eliminate. The significance of C. pelliculosa cultured from liquid docusate (Colace) remains to be elucidated. In this case, it appeared that B. contaminans may have inhibited the growth of C. pelliculosa in the same bottle. Others should be alerted to the possibility that C. pelliculosa may be present in B. contaminans–contaminated lots of liquid docusate (Colace).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Burke A Cunha
- Infectious Disease Division, Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, New York, NY 11501, USA.
- State University of New York, School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York, NY 11501, USA.
| | - John Gian
- Infectious Disease Division, Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, New York, NY 11501, USA.
| | - Bertamaria Dieguez
- Infectious Disease Division, Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, New York, NY 11501, USA.
| | - Elsa Santos-Cruz
- Infection Control Department, Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, New York, NY 11501, USA.
| | - Daniela Matassa
- Infection Control Department, Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, New York, NY 11501, USA.
| | - Steve Gerson
- Pharmacy Department, Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, New York, NY 11501, USA.
| | - Pat Daniels
- Pharmacy Department, Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, New York, NY 11501, USA.
| | - Carlos Rosales
- Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Winthrop-University Hospital, 222 Station Plaza North, Mineola, New York, NY 11501, USA.
| | - Rodger P Silletti
- Medical Microbiology Laboratory, Winthrop-University Hospital, 222 Station Plaza North, Mineola, New York, NY 11501, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gupta M, Chauhan R, Prasad Y, Wadhwa G, Jain CK. Protein-protein interaction and molecular dynamics analysis for identification of novel inhibitors in Burkholderia cepacia GG4. Comput Biol Chem 2016; 65:80-90. [PMID: 27776248 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The lack of complete treatments and appearance of multiple drug-resistance strains of Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) are causing an increased risk of lung infections in cystic fibrosis patients. Bcc infection is a big risk to human health and demands an urgent need to identify new therapeutics against these bacteria. Network biology has emerged as one of the prospective hope in identifying novel drug targets and hits. We have applied protein-protein interaction methodology to identify new drug-target candidates (orthologs) in Burkhloderia cepacia GG4, which is an important strain for studying the quorum-sensing phenomena. An evolutionary based ortholog mapping approach has been applied for generating the large scale protein-protein interactions in B. Cepacia. As a case study, one of the identified drug targets; GEM_3202, a NH (3)-dependent NAD synthetase protein has been studied and the potential ligand molecules were screened using the ZINC database. The three dimensional structure (NH (3)-dependent NAD synthetase protein) has been predicted from MODELLERv9.11 tool using multiple PDB templates such as 3DPI, 2PZ8 and 1NSY with sequence identity of 76%, 50% and 50% respectively. The structure has been validated with Ramachandaran plot having 100% residues of NadE in allowed region and overall quality factor of 81.75 using ERRAT tool. High throughput screening and Vina resulted in two potential hits against NadE such as ZINC83103551 and ZINC38008121. These molecules showed lowest binding energy of -5.7kcalmol-1 and high stability in the binding pockets during molecular dynamics simulation analysis. The similar approach for target identification could be applied for clinical strains of other pathogenic microbes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Money Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, A-10, Sector-62, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201307, India
| | - Rashi Chauhan
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, A-10, Sector-62, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201307, India
| | - Yamuna Prasad
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, 110016, India
| | - Gulshan Wadhwa
- Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Ministry of Science & Technology, New Delhi-110003, India
| | - Chakresh Kumar Jain
- Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, A-10, Sector-62, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201307, India.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wijers CDM, Vagedes R, Weingart C. A novel method for investigating Burkholderia cenocepacia infections in patients with cystic fibrosis and other chronic diseases of the airways. BMC Microbiol 2016; 16:200. [PMID: 27586172 PMCID: PMC5009706 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-016-0811-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Burkholderia cenocepacia is a Gram-negative, opportunistic pathogen that is a cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). Research efforts over the past few decades contributed to our understanding of these infections by identifying virulence factors. However, little is known about how this pathogen adapts to the harsh environment found inside the CF airways, which is characterized by a unique mucus containing high concentrations of inflammatory markers. The current study developed a novel model to further investigate this phenomenon. RESULTS Monolayers of human A549 lung carcinoma cells (HLCCs) were exposed to a mixture of artificial CF sputum medium (ASMDM) in tissue culture growth medium, and subsequently infected with B. cenocepacia K56-2 for 24 h. The data showed that this model supported B. cenocepacia growth. In addition, consistent with similar studies using current models such as CF airway tissue samples, HLCC viability was reduced by more than 70 % when grown in 60 % ASMDM and infected with B. cenocepacia compared to mock-infected controls and medium alone. Furthermore, the amount of B. cenocepacia cells associated with the HLCC monolayer was more than 10 times greater in 60 % ASMDM when compared to medium controls. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that HLCC monolayers in 60 % ASMDM serve as a valid alternative to study B. cenocepacia infections in patients with CF, and possibly other chronic diseases of the airways. Furthermore, the results obtained in this study suggest an important role for CF sputum in B. cenocepacia pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christiaan D M Wijers
- Department of Biological Sciences, Denison University, 100 West College Street, Granville, OH, 43023, USA
| | - Ryan Vagedes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Denison University, 100 West College Street, Granville, OH, 43023, USA
| | - Christine Weingart
- Department of Biological Sciences, Denison University, 100 West College Street, Granville, OH, 43023, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Jha P, Kim CM, Kim DM, Chung JH, Yoon NR, Jha B, Kim SW, Jang SJ, Ahn YJ, Chung JK, Jeon DY. Transmission of Enterobacter aerogenes septicemia in healthcare workers. SPRINGERPLUS 2016; 5:1397. [PMID: 27610316 PMCID: PMC4994813 DOI: 10.1186/s40064-016-3011-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Enterobacter aerogenes is recognized as an important bacterial pathogen in hospital-acquired infections. This report describes two unusual cases of septicemia caused by E. aerogenes in immunocompetent healthcare workers. E. aerogenes was isolated from blood cultures of the two patients experiencing septicemia. The clinical isolates were initially identified as E. aerogenes using a VITEK II automated system and 16S rRNA sequence analysis, and; both isolates involved in the outbreak shared a common pulse-field gel electrophoresis pattern. The similarities between the two cases included the simultaneous development of gastroenteritis symptoms, severe sepsis and thrombocytopenia after taking intravenous injections of ketorolac tromethamine. A common source of normal saline, a 100 mL bottle, was used for diluting the analgesic in both cases. In addition to the general population, healthcare workers, especially those who are also intravenous drug abusers, should be considered subjects that could cause a transmission of Enterobacter infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piyush Jha
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Chosun University, 588 Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-717 Republic of Korea
| | - Choon-Mee Kim
- Premedical Science, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Min Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Chosun University, 588 Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-717 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Hoon Chung
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Chosun University, 588 Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-717 Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Ra Yoon
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Chosun University, 588 Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-717 Republic of Korea
| | - Babita Jha
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Chosun University, 588 Seosuk-dong, Dong-gu, Gwangju, 501-717 Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Won Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sook Jin Jang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Joon Ahn
- Department of Medical Education, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Keun Chung
- Health and Environment Research Institute of Gwangju Metropolitan City, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Doo Young Jeon
- Microbiology Division, Jeollanam-do Institute of Health and Environment, Muan, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Karumathil DP, Yin HB, Kollanoor-Johny A, Venkitanarayanan K. Prevalence of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria on Fresh Vegetables Collected from Farmers' Markets in Connecticut. J Food Prot 2016; 79:1446-51. [PMID: 27497135 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-15-548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
This study determined the prevalence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter baumannii on fresh vegetables collected from farmers' markets in Connecticut. One hundred samples each of fresh carrots, potatoes, and lettuce were sampled and streaked on selective media, namely Leeds Acinetobacter and MDR Acinetobacter agars. All morphologically different colonies from MDR Acinetobacter agar were identified by using Gram staining, biochemical tests, and PCR. In addition, susceptibility of the isolates to 10 antibiotics commonly used in humans, namely imipenem, ceftriaxone, cefepime, minocycline, erythromycin, colistin-sulfate, streptomycin, neomycin, doxycycline, and rifampin was determined by using an antibiotic disk diffusion assay. The results revealed that only two samples of potato and one sample of lettuce yielded A. baumannii. In addition, all carrot samples were found to be negative for the organism. However, several other opportunistic, MDR human pathogens, such as Burkholderia cepacia (1% potatoes, 5% carrots, and none in lettuce), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (6% potatoes, 2% lettuce, and none in carrots), and Pseudomonas luteola (9% potatoes, 3% carrots, and none in lettuce) were recovered from the vegetables. Antibiotic susceptibility screening of the isolates revealed high resistance rates for the following: ceftriaxone (6 of 6), colistin-sulfate (5 of 6), erythromycin (5 of 6), and streptomycin (4 of 6) in B. cepacia; colistin-sulfate (11 of 11) and imipenem (10 of 11) in P. luteola; colistin-sulfate (8 of 8), ceftriaxone (8 of 8), cefepime (7 of 8), erythromycin (5 of 8), and imipenem (4 of 8) in S. maltophilia; and imipenem (3 of 3), ceftriaxone (3 of 3), erythromycin (3 of 3), and streptomycin (3 of 3) in A. baumannii. The results revealed the presence of MDR bacteria, including human pathogens on fresh produce, thereby highlighting the potential health risk in consumers, especially those with a compromised immune system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Prasad Karumathil
- Department of Animal Science, 3636 Horse Barn Hill Road Ext., Unit 4040, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Hsin-Bai Yin
- Department of Animal Science, 3636 Horse Barn Hill Road Ext., Unit 4040, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Anup Kollanoor-Johny
- Department of Animal Science, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
| | - Kumar Venkitanarayanan
- Department of Animal Science, 3636 Horse Barn Hill Road Ext., Unit 4040, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Vílchez JI, Navas A, González-López J, Arcos SC, Manzanera M. Biosafety Test for Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria: Proposed Environmental and Human Safety Index (EHSI) Protocol. Front Microbiol 2016; 6:1514. [PMID: 26779168 PMCID: PMC4703995 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2015.01514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) colonize plants and enhance their growth by different mechanisms. Some of these microorganisms may represent a potential threat to human, animal or plant health; however, their use might be approved in parts of Europe if they have been recommended as plant growth enhancers. The current regulatory framework has resulted in a fragmented, contradictory system, and there is an urgent need to establish harmonized protocols for the predictability, efficiency, consistency and especially the safety of PGPB for human and animal health and for the environment. In response to current efforts to update biosafety policies and provide alternative methods to replace the use of vertebrate animals, we propose a panel of tests and an evaluation system to reliably determine the biosafety of bacterial strains used as PGPB. Based on the results of different tests, we propose a scoring system to evaluate the safety of candidates for PGPB within the limitations of the assays used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan I Vílchez
- Institute for Water Research and Department of Microbiology, University of Granada Granada, Spain
| | - Alfonso Navas
- Biodiversidad y Biologia Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús González-López
- Institute for Water Research and Department of Microbiology, University of Granada Granada, Spain
| | - Susana C Arcos
- Biodiversidad y Biologia Evolutiva, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Madrid, Spain
| | - Maximino Manzanera
- Institute for Water Research and Department of Microbiology, University of Granada Granada, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Phi Doan CD, Sano A, Tamaki H, Duc Pham HN, Duong XH, Terashima Y. Identification and biodegradation characteristics of oil-degrading bacteria from subtropical Iriomote Island, Japan, and tropical Con Dao Island, Vietnam. TROPICS 2016. [DOI: 10.3759/tropics.ms16-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cong Dang Phi Doan
- Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University
- Vietnam Petroleum Institute, Research and Development Center for Petroleum Safety and Environment
| | - Ayako Sano
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Ryukyus
| | - Hisanori Tamaki
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kim KY, Yong D, Lee K, Kim HS, Kim DS. Burkholderia Sepsis in Children as a Hospital-Acquired Infection. Yonsei Med J 2016; 57:97-102. [PMID: 26632388 PMCID: PMC4696978 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2016.57.1.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Hospital-acquired Burkholderia cepacia (B. cepacia) infection are not commonly recorded in patients without underlying lung disease, such as cystic fibrosis and chronic granulomatous disease. However, in 2014, B. cepacia appeared more frequently in pediatric blood samples than in any other year. In order to access this situation, we analyzed the clinical characteristics of B. cepacia infections in pediatric patients at our hospital. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective study of blood isolates of B. cepacia taken at our hospital between January 2004 and December 2014. Patient clinical data were obtained by retrospective review of electronic medical records. We constructed a dendrogram for B. cepacia isolates from two children and five adult patients. RESULTS A total of 14 pediatric patients and 69 adult patients were identified as having B. cepacia bacteremia. In 2014, higher rates of B. cepacia bacteremia were observed in children. Most of them required Intensive Care Unit (ICU) care (12/14). In eleven children, sputum cultures were examined, and five of these children had the same strain of B. cepacia that grew out from their blood samples. Antibiotics were administered based on antibiotic sensitivity results. Four children expired despite treatment. Compared to children, there were no demonstrative differences in adults, except for history of ICU care. CONCLUSION Although there were not many pediatric cases at our hospital, awareness of colonization through hospital-acquired infection and effective therapy for infection of B. cepacia is needed, as it can cause mortality and morbidity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyu Yeun Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dongeun Yong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyungwon Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ho Seong Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Soo Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Children's Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
How KY, Hong KW, Chan KG. Whole genome sequencing enables the characterization of BurI, a LuxI homologue of Burkholderia cepacia strain GG4. PeerJ 2015; 3:e1117. [PMID: 26290785 PMCID: PMC4540015 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.1117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing is a mechanism for regulating proteobacterial gene expression in response to changes in cell population. In proteobacteria, N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) appears to be the most widely used signalling molecules in mediating, among others, the production of extracellular virulence factors for survival. In this work, the genome of B. cepacia strain GG4, a plasmid-free strain capable of AHL synthesis was explored. In silico analysis of the 6.6 Mb complete genome revealed the presence of a LuxI homologue which correspond to Type I quorum sensing. Here, we report the molecular cloning and characterization of this LuxI homologue, designated as BurI. This 609 bp gene was cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3). The purified protein was approximately 25 kDa and is highly similar to several autoinducer proteins of the LuxI family among Burkholderia species. To verify the AHL synthesis activity of this protein, high resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis revealed the production of 3-oxo-hexanoylhomoserine lactone, N-octanoylhomoserine lactone and 3-hydroxy-octanoylhomoserine lactone from induced E. coli BL21 harboring the recombinant BurI. Our data show, for the first time, the cloning and characterization of the LuxI homologue from B. cepacia strain GG4 and confirmation of its AHL synthesis activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kah Yan How
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Kar Wai Hong
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| | - Kok-Gan Chan
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya , Kuala Lumpur , Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Cepacia Syndrome in a Non-Cystic Fibrosis Patient. Case Rep Infect Dis 2015; 2015:537627. [PMID: 26357579 PMCID: PMC4555446 DOI: 10.1155/2015/537627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia (formerly Pseudomonas) cepacia complex is a known serious threat to patients with cystic fibrosis, in whom it has the potential to cause the fatal combination of necrotizing pneumonia, worsening respiratory failure, and bacteremia, known as Cepacia syndrome. The potential for this pathogen to infect non-cystic fibrosis patients is limited and its epidemiology is poorly understood. Previously reported cases of severe Burkholderia cepacia complex lung infection in immunocompetent hosts include pneumonia, bronchiectasis, pyopneumothorax, and cavitary lesions. We present a case of a 64-year-old man with Streptococcus pneumoniae community-acquired pneumonia whose hospital course was complicated by developing cavitary lung lesions, bacteremia, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Repeated tracheal aspirate and blood cultures grew Burkholderia cepacia. Our case appears to be the first report of Cepacia syndrome in a patient without cystic fibrosis. This report raises concern regarding the potential severity of pulmonary Burkholderia cepacia complex infection and the need to broaden clinicians' suspicion for Cepacia syndrome. A framework to help diagnose and treat infected non-cystic fibrosis individuals may be useful.
Collapse
|
26
|
Hutchinson J, Runge W, Mulvey M, Norris G, Yetman M, Valkova N, Villemur R, Lepine F. Burkholderia cepaciaInfections Associated With Intrinsically Contaminated Ultrasound Gel: The Role of Microbial Degradation of Parabens. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2015; 25:291-6. [PMID: 15108725 DOI: 10.1086/502394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjective:To describe an outbreak of serious nosocomialBurkholderia cepaciainfections occurring after transrectal prostate biopsy associated with ultrasound gel intrinsically contaminated with paraben-degrading microorganisms.Methods:A retrospective chart review prompted by a blood culture isolate ofB, cepacia.Identification of microorganisms in ultrasound gel in two Canadian centers and characterization by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and assays for paraben degradation.Setting:Two Canadian university-affiliated, tertiary-care centers in Newfoundland and Alberta.Results:Six seriousB. cepaciainfections were identified at the two centers. Isolates ofB. cepaciarecovered from the blood of patients from both centers and the ultrasound gel used during the procedures were identical, confirming intrinsic contamination. Strains ofEnterobacter cloacaeisolated from ultrasound gel at the two centers were also identical. The ability to degrade parabens was proven for bothB. cepaciaandE. cloacaestrains recovered from the ultrasound gel.Conclusions:Ultrasound gel is a potential source of infection. Contamination occurs at the time of manufacture, with organisms that degrade parabens, which are commonly used as stabilizing agents. There are far-reaching implications for the infection control community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jim Hutchinson
- Healthcare Corporation of St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Microbial Life on Green Biomass and Their Use for Production of Platform Chemicals. MICROORGANISMS IN BIOREFINERIES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-45209-7_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
28
|
Comparison of Raman spectroscopy and two molecular diagnostic methods for Burkholderia cepacia complex species identification. J Microbiol Methods 2014; 107:126-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Revised: 09/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
29
|
Yousaf S, Bulgari D, Bergna A, Pancher M, Quaglino F, Casati P, Campisano A. Pyrosequencing detects human and animal pathogenic taxa in the grapevine endosphere. Front Microbiol 2014; 5:327. [PMID: 25071740 PMCID: PMC4085568 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2014.00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Generally, plants are not considered as hosts for human and animal pathogens (HAP). The recent produce-associated outbreaks of food-borne diseases have drawn attention toward significant deficiencies in our understanding of the ecology of HAP, and their potential for interkingdom transfer. To examine the association of microorganisms classified as HAP with plants, we surveyed the presence and distribution of HAP bacterial taxa (henceforth HAPT, for brevity's sake) in the endosphere of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) both in the plant stems and leaves. An enrichment protocol was used on leaves to detect taxa with very low abundance in undisturbed tissues. We used pyrosequencing and phylogenetic analyses of the 16S rDNA gene. We identified several HAPT, and focused on four genera (Propionibacterium, Staphylococcus, Clostridium, and Burkholderia). The majority of the bacterial sequences in the genus Propionibacterium, from grapevine leaf and stem, were identified as P. acnes. Clostridia were detected in leaves and stems, but their number was much higher in leaves after enrichment. HAPT were indentified both in leaves and wood of grapevines. This depicts the ability of these taxa to be internalized within plant tissues and maintain their population levels in a variety of environments. Our analysis highlighted the presence of HAPT in the grapevine endosphere and unexpected occurrence of these bacterial taxa in this atypical environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sohail Yousaf
- Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach San Michele all'Adige, Italy ; Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Daniela Bulgari
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali - Produzione, Territorio, Agroenergia, Università degli Studi di Milano Milano, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bergna
- Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach San Michele all'Adige, Italy ; Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali - Produzione, Territorio, Agroenergia, Università degli Studi di Milano Milano, Italy
| | - Michael Pancher
- Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Fabio Quaglino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali - Produzione, Territorio, Agroenergia, Università degli Studi di Milano Milano, Italy
| | - Paola Casati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali - Produzione, Territorio, Agroenergia, Università degli Studi di Milano Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Campisano
- Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Walker R, Watkin E, Tian R, Bräu L, O’Hara G, Goodwin L, Han J, Reddy T, Huntemann M, Pati A, Woyke T, Mavromatis K, Markowitz V, Ivanova N, Kyrpides N, Reeve W. Genome sequence of the acid-tolerant Burkholderia sp. strain WSM2232 from Karijini National Park, Australia. Stand Genomic Sci 2014; 9:1168-80. [PMID: 25197442 PMCID: PMC4148988 DOI: 10.4056/sigs.5018795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia sp. strain WSM2232 is an aerobic, motile, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming acid-tolerant rod that was trapped in 2001 from acidic soil collected from Karijini National Park (Australia) using Gastrolobium capitatum as a host. WSM2232 was effective in nitrogen fixation with G. capitatum but subsequently lost symbiotic competence during long-term storage. Here we describe the features of Burkholderia sp. strain WSM2232, together with genome sequence information and its annotation. The 7,208,311 bp standard-draft genome is arranged into 72 scaffolds of 72 contigs containing 6,322 protein-coding genes and 61 RNA-only encoding genes. The loss of symbiotic capability can now be attributed to the loss of nodulation and nitrogen fixation genes from the genome. This rhizobial genome is one of 100 sequenced as part of the DOE Joint Genome Institute 2010 Genomic Encyclopedia for Bacteria and Archaea-Root Nodule Bacteria (GEBA-RNB) project.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Walker
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Elizabeth Watkin
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Rui Tian
- Centre for Rhizobium Studies, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lambert Bräu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Victoria, Australia
| | - Graham O’Hara
- Centre for Rhizobium Studies, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Lynne Goodwin
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Bioscience Division, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
| | - James Han
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California, USA
| | | | | | - Amrita Pati
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California, USA
| | - Tanja Woyke
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California, USA
| | | | - Victor Markowitz
- Biological Data Management and Technology Center, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | | | - Nikos Kyrpides
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California, USA
| | - Wayne Reeve
- Centre for Rhizobium Studies, School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Western Australia, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Reducing virulence of the human pathogen Burkholderia by altering the substrate specificity of the quorum-quenching acylase PvdQ. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2014; 111:1568-73. [PMID: 24474783 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1311263111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of enzymes to interfere with quorum sensing represents an attractive strategy to fight bacterial infections. We used PvdQ, an effective quorum-quenching enzyme from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, as a template to generate an acylase able to effectively hydrolyze C8-HSL, the major communication molecule produced by the Burkholderia species. We discovered that the combination of two single mutations leading to variant PvdQ(Lα146W,Fβ24Y) conferred high activity toward C8-HSL. Exogenous addition of PvdQ(Lα146W,Fβ24Y) dramatically decreased the amount of C8-HSL present in Burkholderia cenocepacia cultures and inhibited a quorum sensing-associated phenotype. The efficacy of this PvdQ variant to combat infections in vivo was further confirmed by its ability to rescue Galleria mellonella larvae upon infection, demonstrating its potential as an effective agent toward Burkholderia infections. Kinetic analysis of the enzymatic activities toward 3-oxo-C12-L-HSL and C8-L-HSL corroborated a substrate switch. This work demonstrates the effectiveness of quorum-quenching acylases as potential novel antimicrobial drugs. In addition, we demonstrate that their substrate range can be easily switched, thereby paving the way to selectively target only specific bacterial species inside a complex microbial community.
Collapse
|
32
|
Trabal Fernández N, Mazón-Suástegui JM, Vázquez-Juárez R, Ascencio-Valle F, Romero J. Changes in the composition and diversity of the bacterial microbiota associated with oysters (Crassostrea corteziensis, Crassostrea gigas and Crassostrea sikamea) during commercial production. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2014; 88:69-83. [PMID: 24325323 DOI: 10.1111/1574-6941.12270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The resident microbiota of three oyster species (Crassostrea corteziensis, Crassostrea gigas and Crassostrea sikamea) was characterised using a high-throughput sequencing approach (pyrosequencing) that was based on the V3-V5 regions of the 16S rRNA gene. We analysed the changes in the bacterial community beginning with the postlarvae produced in a hatchery, which were later planted at two grow-out cultivation sites until they reached the adult stage. DNA samples from the oysters were amplified, and 31 008 sequences belonging to 13 phyla (including Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria and Firmicutes) and 243 genera were generated. Considering all life stages, Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum, but it showed variations at the genus level between the postlarvae and the adult oysters. Bacteroidetes was the second most common phylum, but it was found in higher abundance in the postlarvae than in adults. The relative abundance showed that the microbiota that was associated with the postlarvae and adults differed substantially, and higher diversity and richness were evident in the postlarvae in comparison with adults of the same species. The site of rearing influenced the bacterial community composition of C. corteziensis and C. sikamea adults. The bacterial groups that were found in these oysters were complex and metabolically versatile, making it difficult to understand the host-bacteria symbiotic relationships; therefore, the physiological and ecological significances of the resident microbiota remain uncertain.
Collapse
|
33
|
Mariappan V, Vellasamy KM, Thimma J, Hashim OH, Vadivelu J. Infection of Burkholderia cepacia induces homeostatic responses in the host for their prolonged survival: the microarray perspective. PLoS One 2013; 8:e77418. [PMID: 24116227 PMCID: PMC3792155 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0077418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia cepacia is an opportunistic human pathogen associated with life-threatening pulmonary infections in immunocompromised individuals. Pathogenesis of B. cepacia infection involves adherence, colonisation, invasion, survival and persistence in the host. In addition, B. cepacia are also known to secrete factors, which are associated with virulence in the pathogenesis of the infection. In this study, the host factor that may be the cause of the infection was elucidated in human epithelial cell line, A549, that was exposed to live B. cepacia (mid-log phase) and its secretory proteins (mid-log and early-stationary phases) using the Illumina Human Ref-8 microarray platform. The non-infection A549 cells were used as a control. Expression of the host genes that are related to apoptosis, inflammation and cell cycle as well as metabolic pathways were differentially regulated during the infection. Apoptosis of the host cells and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines were found to be inhibited by both live B. cepacia and its secretory proteins. In contrast, the host cell cycle and metabolic processes, particularly glycolysis/glycogenesis and fatty acid metabolism were transcriptionally up-regulated during the infection. Our microarray analysis provided preliminary insights into mechanisms of B. cepacia pathogenesis. The understanding of host response to an infection would provide novel therapeutic targets both for enhancing the host’s defences and repressing detrimental responses induced by the invading pathogen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanitha Mariappan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kumutha Malar Vellasamy
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jaikumar Thimma
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Onn Haji Hashim
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- University of Malaya Centre for Proteomics Research (UMCPR), University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jamuna Vadivelu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
De Smet B, Veng C, Kruy L, Kham C, van Griensven J, Peeters C, Ieng S, Phe T, Vlieghe E, Vandamme P, Jacobs J. Outbreak of Burkholderia cepacia bloodstream infections traced to the use of Ringer lactate solution as multiple-dose vial for catheter flushing, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. Clin Microbiol Infect 2013; 19:832-7. [DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2012] [Revised: 09/12/2012] [Accepted: 09/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
35
|
Forier K, Messiaen AS, Raemdonck K, Deschout H, Rejman J, De Baets F, Nelis H, De Smedt SC, Demeester J, Coenye T, Braeckmans K. Transport of nanoparticles in cystic fibrosis sputum and bacterial biofilms by single-particle tracking microscopy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2013; 8:935-49. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.12.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the surface functionalization of model nanoparticles on their mobility in bacterial biofilms and cystic fibrosis sputum. Materials & methods: With single-particle tracking microscopy, the mobility of 0.1- and 0.2-µm fluorescent polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified, carboxylate- and N,N-dimethylethylenediamine-modified polystyrene nanospheres were evaluated in fresh cystic fibrosis sputum, as well as Burkholderia multivorans and Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. Results: PEGylation increased the mobility of the particles in sputum and biofilms, while the charged nanospheres were strongly immobilized. However, the transport of the PEGylated nanoparticles was lower in sputum compared with biofilms. Furthermore, the particle transport showed heterogeneity in samples originating from different patients. Conclusion: This study’s data suggest that for future nanocarrier design it will be essential to combine PEGylation with a targeting moiety to ensure sufficient mobility in mucus and a better accumulation of the nanoparticles in the biofilm. Original submitted 14 February 2012; Revised submitted 24 July 2012; Published online 5 October 2012
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katrien Forier
- Ghent University, Harelbekestraat 72, 9000 Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Harelbekestraat 72, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Koen Raemdonck
- Ghent University, Harelbekestraat 72, 9000 Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hendrik Deschout
- Ghent University, Harelbekestraat 72, 9000 Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Harelbekestraat 72, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Joanna Rejman
- Ghent University, Harelbekestraat 72, 9000 Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Frans De Baets
- Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital of Ghent, De Pintelaan 185, 9000 Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hans Nelis
- Ghent University, Harelbekestraat 72, 9000 Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - Joseph Demeester
- Ghent University, Harelbekestraat 72, 9000 Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Coenye
- Ghent University, Harelbekestraat 72, 9000 Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kevin Braeckmans
- Ghent University, Harelbekestraat 72, 9000 Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Nano- and Biophotonics, Ghent University, Harelbekestraat 72, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Draft genome sequence determination for cystic fibrosis and chronic granulomatous disease Burkholderia multivorans isolates. J Bacteriol 2013; 194:6356-7. [PMID: 23105085 DOI: 10.1128/jb.01306-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia multivorans is a Gram-negative bacterium and a member of the Burkholderia cepacia complex, which is frequently associated with respiratory infections in people with cystic fibrosis (CF) and chronic granulomatous disease (CGD). We are reporting the genome sequences of 4 B. multivorans strains, 2 from CF patients and 2 from CGD patients.
Collapse
|
37
|
Huang GH, Tian HH, Liu HY, Fan XW, Liang Y, Li YZ. Characterization of plant-growth-promoting effects and concurrent promotion of heavy metal accumulation in the tissues of the plants grown in the polluted soil by Burkholderia strain LD-11. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2013; 15:991-1009. [PMID: 23819291 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2012.751354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Plant-growth-promoting (PGP) bacteria especially with the resistance to multiple heavy metals are helpful to phytoremediation. Further development of PGP bacteria is very necessary because of the extreme diversity of plants, soils, and heavy metal pollution. A Burkholderia sp. strain, numbered LD-11, was isolated, which showed resistances to multiple heavy metals and antibiotics. It can produce indole-3-acetic acid, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase and siderophores. Inoculation with the LD-11 improved germination of seeds of the investigated vegetable plants in the presence of Cu, promoted elongation of roots and hypocotyledonary axes, enhanced the dry weights of the plants grown in the soils polluted with Cu and/or Pb, and increased activity of the soil urease and the rhizobacteria diversity. Inoculation with the LD-11 significantly enhanced Cu and/or Pb accumulation especially in the roots of the plants grown in the polluted soils. Notably, LD-11 could produce siderophores in the presence of Cu. Conclusively, the PGP effects and concurrent heavy metal accumulation in the plant tissues results from combined effects of the above-mentioned multiple factors. Cu is an important element that represses production of the siderophore by the bacteria. Phytoremediation by synergistic use of the investigated plants and the bacterial strain LD-11 is a phytoextraction process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Hai Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Life Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Microbial and Plant Genetic Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Suzuki A, Lupisan S, Furuse Y, Fuji N, Saito M, Tamaki R, Galang H, Sombrero L, Mondoy M, Aniceto R, Olveda R, Oshitani H. Respiratory viruses from hospitalized children with severe pneumonia in the Philippines. BMC Infect Dis 2012; 12:267. [PMID: 23092190 PMCID: PMC3519714 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-12-267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pneumonia remains a leading cause of child death in developing countries. The viruses in severe pneumonia remain poorly defined. METHODS The study was conducted at the Eastern Visayas Regional Medical Center in Tacloban City, Philippines from May 2008 to May 2009. Patients aged 8 days to 13 years old who were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics with severe pneumonia were enrolled for the study. Upon admission, polymerase chain reaction was performed using nasopharyngeal swabs and blood cultures to detect respiratory viruses and bacteria, respectively. RESULT Among the 819 patients enrolled, at least one virus was detected in 501 cases (61.2%). In addition, 423 cases were positive for a single virus while bacteria were detected in the blood culture sample of 31 cases. The most commonly detected viruses were human rhinoviruses (n = 189), including types A (n = 103), B (n = 17), and C (n = 69), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (n = 165). Novel viruses such as human metapneumovirus, human coronavirus NL63, human bocavirus, and human polyomaviruses WU and KI were also detected. There were 70 deaths, and one or more viruses were detected in 35 (50%) of these cases. Positivity only for influenza A virus (OR = 4.3, 95% CI = 1.3-14.6) was significantly associated with fatal outcome. From the blood culture, Burkholderia cepacia group (n = 9), Streptococcus pneumoniae (n = 4), Staphylococcus aureus (n = 4), Haemophilus influenzae (n = 1), and Salmonella C1 (n = 1) were also isolated. CONCLUSION Viruses were commonly detected in children with severe pneumonia in the Philippines. Hence, viral etiologies should be considered while developing better effective strategies to reduce child pneumonia-related deaths in developing countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Akira Suzuki
- Department of Virology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Lynch KH, Dennis JJ. Cangene Gold Medal Award Lecture — Genomic analysis and modification ofBurkholderia cepaciacomplex bacteriophages1This article is based on a presentation by Dr. Karlene Lynch at the 61st Annual Meeting of the Canadian Society of Microbiologists in St. John’s, Newfoundland and Labrador, on 21 June 2011. Dr. Lynch was the recipient of the 2011 Cangene Gold Medal as the Canadian Graduate Student Microbiologist of the Year, an annual award sponsored by Cangene Corporation intended to recognize excellence in graduate research. Can J Microbiol 2012; 58:221-35. [DOI: 10.1139/w11-135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc) is a group of 17 Gram-negative predominantly environmental bacterial species that cause potentially fatal opportunistic infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Although its prevalence in these individuals is lower than that of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa , the Bcc remains a serious problem in the CF community because of the pathogenicity, transmissibility, and inherent antibiotic resistance of these organisms. An alternative treatment for Bcc infections that is currently being developed is phage therapy, the clinical use of viruses that infect bacteria. To assess the suitability of individual phage isolates for therapeutic use, the complete genome sequences of a panel of Bcc‐specific phages were determined and analyzed. These sequences encode a broad range of proteins with a gradient of relatedness to phage and bacterial gene products from Burkholderia and other genera. The majority of these phages were found not to encode virulence factors, and despite their predominantly temperate nature, a proof-of-principle experiment has shown that they may be modified to a lytic form. Both the genomic characterization and subsequent engineering of Bcc‐specific phages are fundamental to the development of an effective phage therapy strategy for these bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karlene H. Lynch
- 6-008 Centennial Centre for Interdisciplinary Science, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada
| | - Jonathan J. Dennis
- 6-008 Centennial Centre for Interdisciplinary Science, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2E9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Diversity of potential pathogenicity and biofilm formation among Burkholderia cepacia complex water, clinical, and agricultural isolates in China. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 28:2113-23. [PMID: 22806034 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-012-1016-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2011] [Accepted: 01/30/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A collection of 70 Burkholderia cepacia complex isolates, recovered from clinical, water, and agricultural resources in China in our previous studies, were tested to assess their potential pathogenicity and association of biofilm formation with pathogenicity. The pathogenicity was tested in the alternative infection models alfalfa, detached lettuce midrib, Galleria mellonella (wax moth), rat agar bead, and lettuce intact leaves. Severe to moderate pathogenicity were observed for isolates of clinical and water origin compared to agricultural isolates, with the exception of a few clinical isolates exhibiting reduced pathogenicity. Virulent isolates persisted in rat lungs until 21 days post infection causing histopathological changes like inflammation, while in lettuce midrib tissues invasion, localization, and replication of bacteria were observed. Biofilm formation ability was also documented in high frequency among water and clinical virulent isolates compared to agricultural isolates. Although variations in pathogenicity were observed for a few isolates, results obtained from different model systems including lettuce were consistent. Our studies indicate that water and clinical isolates showed severe virulence and strong biofilm formation ability compared to agricultural isolates. The results also show lettuce as a promising infection model not only to study the pathogenicity factors used by Bcc bacteria but also for characterization the in vivo transcriptional profile for different niches adaptation of this opportunistic pathogen.
Collapse
|
41
|
Tolman JS, Valvano MA. Global changes in gene expression by the opportunistic pathogen Burkholderia cenocepacia in response to internalization by murine macrophages. BMC Genomics 2012; 13:63. [PMID: 22321740 PMCID: PMC3296584 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-13-63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Accepted: 02/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Burkholderia cenocepacia is an opportunistic pathogen causing life-threatening infections in patients with cystic fibrosis. The bacterium survives within macrophages by interfering with endocytic trafficking and delaying the maturation of the B. cenocepacia-containing phagosome. We hypothesize that B. cenocepacia undergoes changes in gene expression after internalization by macrophages, inducing genes involved in intracellular survival and host adaptation. Results We examined gene expression by intracellular B. cenocepacia using selective capture of transcribed sequences (SCOTS) combined with microarray analysis. We identified 767 genes with significantly different levels of expression by intracellular bacteria, of which 330 showed increased expression and 437 showed decreased expression. Affected genes represented all aspects of cellular life including information storage and processing, cellular processes and signaling, and metabolism. In general, intracellular gene expression demonstrated a pattern of environmental sensing, bacterial response, and metabolic adaptation to the phagosomal environment. Deletion of various SCOTS-identified genes affected bacterial entry into macrophages and intracellular replication. We also show that intracellular B. cenocepacia is cytotoxic towards the macrophage host, and capable of spread to neighboring cells, a role dependent on SCOTS-identified genes. In particular, genes involved in bacterial motility, cobalamin biosynthesis, the type VI secretion system, and membrane modification contributed greatly to macrophage entry and subsequent intracellular behavior of B. cenocepacia. Conclusions B. cenocepacia enters macrophages, adapts to the phagosomal environment, replicates within a modified phagosome, and exhibits cytotoxicity towards the host cells. The analysis of the transcriptomic response of intracellular B. cenocepacia reveals that metabolic adaptation to a new niche plays a major role in the survival of B. cenocepacia in macrophages. This adaptive response does not require the expression of any specific virulence-associated factor, which is consistent with the opportunistic nature of this microorganism. Further investigation into the remaining SCOTS-identified genes will provide a more complete picture of the adaptive response of B. cenocepacia to the host cell environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer S Tolman
- Infectious Diseases Research Group, Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5C1, Canada
| | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Ganesan S, Sajjan US. Host evasion by Burkholderia cenocepacia. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2012; 1:25. [PMID: 22919590 PMCID: PMC3417383 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2011.00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Burkholderia cenocepacia is an opportunistic respiratory pathogen of individuals with cystic fibrosis (CF). Some strains of B. cenocepacia are highly transmissible and resistant to almost all antibiotics. Approximately one-third of B. cenocepacia infected CF patients go on to develop fatal "cepacia syndrome." During the last two decades, substantial progress has been made with regards to evasion of host innate defense mechanisms by B. cenocepacia. Almost all strains of B. cenocepacia have the capacity to survive and replicate intracellularly in both airway epithelial cells and macrophages, which are primary sentinels of the lung and play a pivotal role in clearance of infecting bacteria. Those strains of B. cenocepacia, which express both cable pili and the associated 22 kDa adhesin are also capable of transmigrating across airway epithelium and persist in mouse models of infection. In this review, we will discuss how this type of interaction between B. cenocepacia and host may lead to persistence of bacteria as well as lung inflammation in CF patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shyamala Ganesan
- Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Kirzinger MWB, Nadarasah G, Stavrinides J. Insights into cross-kingdom plant pathogenic bacteria. Genes (Basel) 2011; 2:980-97. [PMID: 24710301 PMCID: PMC3927606 DOI: 10.3390/genes2040980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Revised: 11/02/2011] [Accepted: 11/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant and human pathogens have evolved disease factors to successfully exploit their respective hosts. Phytopathogens utilize specific determinants that help to breach reinforced cell walls and manipulate plant physiology to facilitate the disease process, while human pathogens use determinants for exploiting mammalian physiology and overcoming highly developed adaptive immune responses. Emerging research, however, has highlighted the ability of seemingly dedicated human pathogens to cause plant disease, and specialized plant pathogens to cause human disease. Such microbes represent interesting systems for studying the evolution of cross-kingdom pathogenicity, and the benefits and tradeoffs of exploiting multiple hosts with drastically different morphologies and physiologies. This review will explore cross-kingdom pathogenicity, where plants and humans are common hosts. We illustrate that while cross-kingdom pathogenicity appears to be maintained, the directionality of host association (plant to human, or human to plant) is difficult to determine. Cross-kingdom human pathogens, and their potential plant reservoirs, have important implications for the emergence of infectious diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Morgan W B Kirzinger
- Department of Biology, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S0A2, Canada.
| | - Geetanchaly Nadarasah
- Department of Biology, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S0A2, Canada.
| | - John Stavrinides
- Department of Biology, University of Regina, 3737 Wascana Parkway, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S0A2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Profiling of Burkholderia cepacia secretome at mid-logarithmic and early-stationary phases of growth. PLoS One 2011; 6:e26518. [PMID: 22046299 PMCID: PMC3202529 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Burkholderia cepacia is a Gram-negative pathogen that causes serious respiratory infections in immunocompromised patients and individuals with cystic fibrosis. This bacterium is known to release extracellular proteins that may be involved in virulence. Methodology/Principal Findings In the present study, B. cepacia grown to mid-logarithmic and early-stationary phases were investigated on their ability to invade and survive intracellularly in A549 lung epithelial cells in order to discern the fate of these bacteria in the pathogenesis of B. cepacia lung infections in in vitro condition. The early-stationary phase B. cepacia was demonstrated to be more invasive than mid-logarithmic phase. In addition, culture supernatants of B. cepacia obtained from these phases of growth were also demonstrated to cause different cytotoxic potency on the A549 human lung epithelial cells. Profiling of the supernatants using the gel-based proteomics approach identified 43 proteins that were commonly released in both the growth phases and 40 proteins newly-released at the early-stationary phase. The latter proteins may account for the higher cytotoxic activity of the early-stationary culture supernatant compared to that obtained at the mid-logarithmic phase. Among the newly-released proteins in the early-stationary phase supernatant were flagellar hook-associated domain protein (FliD), flagellar hook-associated protein (FlgK), TonB-dependent siderophore (Fiu), Elongation factor G (FusA), phosphoglycerate kinase (Pgk) and sulfatase (AslA) which are known for their virulence. Conclusion/Significance Differences in the ability of B. cepacia to invade and survive intracellularly inside the epithelial cells at different phases of growth may improve our understanding of the varied disease progressions associated with B. cepacia infections. In addition, the identified culture supernatant proteins may be used as targets for the development of new strategies to control B. cepacia infection using agents that can block their release.
Collapse
|
45
|
Cepacia-like syndrome caused by Burkholderia multivorans. Can J Infect Dis 2011; 14:123-5. [PMID: 18159435 DOI: 10.1155/2003/675159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2002] [Accepted: 09/24/2002] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The variable severity of Burkholderia cepacia complex infections in cystic fibrosis (CF) has recently been ascribed to differences in the virulence between genomovars. Specifically, genomovar III isolates have been associated with higher transmission rates and adverse outcomes compared to other B cepacia genomovars, and consequently further segregation between genomovar III and non-genomovar III B cepacia infected patients is advocated in some centres. The important role of non-genomovar III isolates is presented in the context of a clinical case whereby a patient with long-standing pulmonary infection with B multiovorans developed bacteremic infection reminiscent of the fatal 'cepacia syndrome'.
Collapse
|
46
|
Cremer TJ, Shah P, Cormet-Boyaka E, Valvano MA, Butchar JP, Tridandapani S. Akt-mediated proinflammatory response of mononuclear phagocytes infected with Burkholderia cenocepacia occurs by a novel GSK3β-dependent, IκB kinase-independent mechanism. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2011; 187:635-43. [PMID: 21697459 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1003034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The environmental bacterium Burkholderia cenocepacia causes opportunistic lung infections in immunocompromised individuals, particularly in patients with cystic fibrosis. Infections in these patients are associated with exacerbated inflammation leading to rapid decay of lung function, and in some cases resulting in cepacia syndrome, which is characterized by a fatal acute necrotizing pneumonia and sepsis. B. cenocepacia can survive intracellularly in macrophages by altering the maturation of the phagosome, but very little is known on macrophage responses to the intracellular infection. In this study, we have examined the role of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in B. cenocepacia-infected monocytes and macrophages. We show that PI3K/Akt activity was required for NF-κB activity and the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines during infection with B. cenocepacia. In contrast to previous observations in epithelial cells infected with other Gram-negative bacteria, Akt did not enhance IκB kinase or NF-κB p65 phosphorylation, but rather inhibited GSK3β, a negative regulator of NF-κB transcriptional activity. This novel mechanism of modulation of NF-κB activity may provide a unique therapeutic target for controlling excessive inflammation upon B. cenocepacia infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J Cremer
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Liao CH, Chang HT, Lai CC, Huang YT, Hsu MS, Liu CY, Yang CJ, Hsueh PR. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients with Burkholderia cepacia bacteremia in an intensive care unit. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2011; 70:260-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2011.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2010] [Revised: 01/14/2011] [Accepted: 01/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
|
48
|
Isolation and characterization of a new Burkholderia pyrrocinia strain JK-SH007 as a potential biocontrol agent. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-011-0686-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
49
|
De Groot AS, Ardito M, Moise L, Gustafson EA, Spero D, Tejada G, Martin W. Immunogenic Consensus Sequence T helper Epitopes for a Pan- Burkholderia Biodefense Vaccine. Immunome Res 2011; 7. [PMID: 25346775 PMCID: PMC4206550 DOI: 10.4172/1745-7580.1000043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Biodefense vaccines against Category B bioterror agents Burkholderia pseudomallei (BPM) and Burkholderia mallei (BM) are needed, as they are both easily accessible to terrorists and have strong weaponization potential. Burkholderia cepaciae (BC), a related pathogen, causes chronic lung infections in cystic fibrosis patients. Since BPM, BM and BC are all intracellular bacteria, they are excellent targets for T cell-based vaccines. However, the sheer volume of available genomic data requires the aid of immunoinformatics for vaccine design. Using EpiMatrix, ClustiMer and EpiAssembler, a set of immunoinformatic vaccine design tools, we screened the 31 available Burkholderia genomes and performed initial tests of our selections that are candidates for an epitope-based multi-pathogen vaccine against Burkholderia species. Results Immunoinformatics analysis of 31 Burkholderia genomes yielded 350,004 9-mer candidate vaccine peptides of which 133,469 had perfect conservation across the 10 BM genomes, 175,722 had perfect conservation across the 11 BPM genomes and 40,813 had perfect conservation across the 10 BC genomes. Further screening with EpiMatrix yielded 54,010 high-scoring Class II epitopes; these were assembled into 2,880 longer highly conserved ‘immunogenic consensus sequence’ T helper epitopes. 100% of the peptides bound to at least one HLA class II allele in vitro, 92.7% bound to at least two alleles, 82.9% to three, and 75.6% of the binding results were consistent with the immunoinformatics analysis. Conclusions Our results show it is possible to rapidly identify promiscuous T helper epitopes conserved across multiple Burkholderia species and test their binding to HLA ligands in vitro. The next step in our process will be to test the epitopes ex vivo using peripheral leukocytes from BC, BPM infected humans and for immunogenicity in human HLA transgenic mice. We expect that this approach will lead to development of a licensable, pan-Burkholderia biodefense vaccine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne S De Groot
- EpiVax 146 Clifford St, Providence, RI 02903, USA ; Institute for Immunology and Informatics, University of Rhode Island, 80 Washington St., Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | | | - Leonard Moise
- EpiVax 146 Clifford St, Providence, RI 02903, USA ; Institute for Immunology and Informatics, University of Rhode Island, 80 Washington St., Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Eric A Gustafson
- Institute for Immunology and Informatics, University of Rhode Island, 80 Washington St., Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Denice Spero
- Institute for Immunology and Informatics, University of Rhode Island, 80 Washington St., Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | - Gloria Tejada
- Institute for Immunology and Informatics, University of Rhode Island, 80 Washington St., Providence, RI 02903, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Vergunst AC, Meijer AH, Renshaw SA, O'Callaghan D. Burkholderia cenocepacia creates an intramacrophage replication niche in zebrafish embryos, followed by bacterial dissemination and establishment of systemic infection. Infect Immun 2010; 78:1495-508. [PMID: 20086083 PMCID: PMC2849400 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00743-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2009] [Revised: 08/05/2009] [Accepted: 01/09/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria belonging to the "Burkholderia cepacia complex" (Bcc) often cause fatal pulmonary infections in cystic fibrosis patients, yet little is know about the underlying molecular mechanisms. These Gram-negative bacteria can adopt an intracellular lifestyle, although their ability to replicate intracellularly has been difficult to demonstrate. Here we show that Bcc bacteria survive and multiply in macrophages of zebrafish embryos. Local dissemination by nonlytic release from infected cells was followed by bacteremia and extracellular replication. Burkholderia cenocepacia isolates belonging to the epidemic electrophoretic type 12 (ET12) lineage were highly virulent for the embryos; intravenous injection of <10 bacteria of strain K56-2 killed embryos within 3 days. However, small but significant differences between the clonal ET12 isolates K56-2, J2315, and BC7 were evident. In addition, the innate immune response in young embryos was sufficiently developed to control infection with other less virulent Bcc strains, such as Burkholderia vietnamiensis FC441 and Burkholderia stabilis LMG14294. A K56-2 cepR quorum-sensing regulator mutant was highly attenuated, and its ability to replicate and spread to neighboring cells was greatly reduced. Our data indicate that the zebrafish embryo is an excellent vertebrate model to dissect the molecular basis of intracellular replication and the early innate immune responses in this intricate host-pathogen interaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annette C Vergunst
- INSERM, ESPRI 26, UFR Médecine, CS83021, Avenue Kennedy, 30908 Nimes, France.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|