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Li Y, Guo T, Sun L, Wang ET, Young JPW, Tian CF. Phylogenomic analyses and reclassification of the Mesorhizobium complex: proposal for 9 novel genera and reclassification of 15 species. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:419. [PMID: 38684951 PMCID: PMC11057113 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10333-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUD The genus Mesorhizobium is shown by phylogenomics to be paraphyletic and forms part of a complex that includes the genera Aminobacter, Aquamicrobium, Pseudaminobacter and Tianweitania. The relationships for type strains belong to these genera need to be carefully re-evaluated. RESULTS The relationships of Mesorhizobium complex are evaluated based on phylogenomic analyses and overall genome relatedness indices (OGRIs) of 61 type strains. According to the maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree based on concatenated sequences of 539 core proteins and the tree constructed using the bac120 bacterial marker set from Genome Taxonomy Database, 65 type strains were grouped into 9 clusters. Moreover, 10 subclusters were identified based on the OGRIs including average nucleotide identity (ANI), average amino acid identity (AAI) and core-proteome average amino acid identity (cAAI), with AAI and cAAI showing a clear intra- and inter-(sub)cluster gaps of 77.40-80.91% and 83.98-86.16%, respectively. Combined with the phylogenetic trees and OGRIs, the type strains were reclassified into 15 genera. This list includes five defined genera Mesorhizobium, Aquamicrobium, Pseudaminobacter, Aminobacterand Tianweitania, among which 40/41 Mesorhizobium species and one Aminobacter species are canonical legume microsymbionts. The other nine (sub)clusters are classified as novel genera. Cluster III, comprising symbiotic M. alhagi and M. camelthorni, is classified as Allomesorhizobium gen. nov. Cluster VI harbored a single symbiotic species M. albiziae and is classified as Neomesorhizobium gen. nov. The remaining seven non-symbiotic members were proposed as: Neoaquamicrobium gen. nov., Manganibacter gen. nov., Ollibium gen. nov., Terribium gen. nov., Kumtagia gen. nov., Borborobacter gen. nov., Aerobium gen. nov.. Furthermore, the genus Corticibacterium is restored and two species in Subcluster IX-1 are reclassified as the member of this genus. CONCLUSION The Mesorhizobium complex are classified into 15 genera based on phylogenomic analyses and OGRIs of 65 type strains. This study resolved previously non-monophyletic genera in the Mesorhizobium complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Li
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Characteristic Agricultural Biological Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation Utilization, Jiaodong Microbial Resource Center of Yantai University, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, Shandong, China.
| | - Tingyan Guo
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Characteristic Agricultural Biological Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation Utilization, Jiaodong Microbial Resource Center of Yantai University, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, Shandong, China
| | - Liqin Sun
- Yantai Key Laboratory of Characteristic Agricultural Biological Resources Conservation and Germplasm Innovation Utilization, Jiaodong Microbial Resource Center of Yantai University, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, 264005, Shandong, China
| | - En-Tao Wang
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, 11340, México
| | - J Peter W Young
- Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Chang-Fu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, MOA Key Laboratory of Soil Microbiology, Rhizobium Research Center, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Kim I, Chhetri G, So Y, Park S, Jung Y, Woo H, Seo T. Mesorhizobium liriopis sp. nov., isolated from the fermented fruit of Liriope platyphylla a medicinal plant. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73. [PMID: 37801075 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A facultative anaerobic and Gram-negative strain, designated RP14T, was isolated from the fruit of Liriope platyphylla fermented for 60 days at 25°C. Strain RP14T showed 98.0 % 16S rRNA similarity to Mesorhizobium huakuii IFO 15243T, but in the phylogenetic tree, Mesorhizobium terrae NIBRBAC000500504T was its closest neighbour. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain RP14T and 15 genomes of type strains of Mesorhizobium, were 73.8-74.4% and 16.4-20.2 %, respectively, which were lower than the recommended thresholds for species delineation. The strain grew at 25-32°C (optimum, 28°C), at pH 7.0-12.0 (optimum, pH 9.0) and with 0-2% NaCl (optimum, 0 %; w/v). Cells of strain RP14T were catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, rod-shaped and formed yellow-coloured colonies. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylglycerol. The major fatty acid were C16 : 0, C19 : 0 cyclo ω8c and summed feature 8 (C18 : 1 ω7c and/or C18 : 1 ω6c). The DNA G+C content was 62.8 mol%. Based on polyphasic evidence, we propose Mesorhizobium liriopis sp. nov as a novel species within the genus Mesorhizobium. The type strain is RP14T (=KACC 22720T=TBRC 16341T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Inhyup Kim
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Geeta Chhetri
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonseop So
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunho Park
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonghee Jung
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Haejin Woo
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Taegun Seo
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
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Zaw M, Rathjen JR, Zhou Y, Ryder MH, Denton MD. Rhizobial diversity is associated with inoculation history at a two-continent scale. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2022; 98:6567838. [PMID: 35416244 PMCID: PMC9329089 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiac044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 120 Mesorhizobium strains collected from the central dry zone of Myanmar were analyzed in a pot experiment to evaluate nodulation and symbiotic effectiveness (SE%) in chickpea plants. Phylogenetic analyses revealed all strains belonged to the genus Mesorhizobium according to 16–23S rDNA IGS and the majority of chickpea nodulating rhizobia in Myanmar soils were most closely related to M. gobiense, M. muleiense, M. silamurunense, M. tamadayense and M. temperatum. Around two-thirds of the Myanmar strains (68%) were most closely related to Indian strain IC-2058 (CA-181), which is also most closely related to M. gobiense. There were no strains that were closely related to the cognate rhizobial species to nodulate chickpea: M. ciceri and M. mediterraneum. Strains with diverse 16S–23S rDNA IGS shared similar nodC and nifH gene sequences with chickpea symbionts. Detailed sequence analysis of nodC and nifH found that the strains in Myanmar were somewhat divergent from the group including M. ciceri and were more closely related to M. muleiense and IC-2058. A cross-continent analysis between strains isolated in Australia compared with Myanmar found that there was little overlap in species, where Australian soils were dominated with M. ciceri, M. temperatum and M. huakuii. The only co-occurring species found in both Myanmar and Australia were M. tamadayense and M. silumurunense. Continued inoculation with CC1192 may have reduced diversity of chickpea strains in Australian soils. Isolated strains in Australian and Myanmar had similar adaptive traits, which in some cases were also phylogenetically related. The genetic discrepancy between chickpea nodulating strains in Australia and Myanmar is not only due to inoculation history but to adaptation to soil conditions and crop management over a long period, and there has been virtually no loss of symbiotic efficiency over this time in strains isolated from soils in Myanmar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myint Zaw
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA5064, Australia.,Yezin Agricultural University, Yezin, Naypyidaw 15013, Myanmar
| | - Judith R Rathjen
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA5064, Australia
| | - Yi Zhou
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA5064, Australia
| | - Maarten H Ryder
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA5064, Australia
| | - Matthew D Denton
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA5064, Australia
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Pedron R, Luchi E, Albiac MA, Di Cagno R, Catorci D, Esposito A, Bianconi I, Losa D, Cristofolini M, Guella G, Jousson O. Mesorhizobium comanense sp. nov., isolated from groundwater. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71. [PMID: 34870580 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.005131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Strain 3P27G6T was isolated from an artesian well connected to the thermal water basin of Comano Terme, Province of Trento, Italy. In phylogenetic analyses based on multilocus sequence analysis, strain 3P27G6T clustered together with Mesorhizobium australicum WSM2073T. Genome sequencing produced a 99.51 % complete genome, with a length of 7 363 057 bp and G+C content of 63.53 mol%, containing 6897 coding sequences, 55 tRNA and three rRNA. Average nucleotide identity analysis revealed that all distances calculated between strain 3P27G6T and the other Mesorhizobium genomes were below 0.9, indicating that strain 3P27G6T represents a new species. Therefore, we propose the name Mesorhizobium comanense sp. nov. with the type strain 3P27G6T (=DSM 110654T=CECT 30067T). Strain 3P27G6T is a Gram-negative, rod-shaped, aerobic bacterium. Growth condition, antibiotic susceptibility, metabolic and fatty acid-methyl esters profiles of the strain were determined. Only few nodulation and nitrogen fixation genes were found in the genome, suggesting that this strain may not be specialized in nodulation or in nitrogen fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Pedron
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology - CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Elena Luchi
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology - CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Marta Acin Albiac
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Libera Università di Bolzano, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Raffaella Di Cagno
- Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Libera Università di Bolzano, 39100 Bolzano, Italy
| | - Daniele Catorci
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology - CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy.,Department of Physics, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Alfonso Esposito
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology - CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Irene Bianconi
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology - CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Davide Losa
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology - CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | | | - Graziano Guella
- Department of Physics, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
| | - Olivier Jousson
- Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology - CIBIO, University of Trento, 38123 Trento, Italy
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Safronova VI, Guro PV, Sazanova AL, Kuznetsova IG, Belimov AA, Yakubov VV, Chirak ER, Afonin AМ, Gogolev YV, Andronov EE, Tikhonovich IA. Rhizobial Microsymbionts of Kamchatka Oxytropis Species Possess Genes of the Type III and VI Secretion Systems, Which Can Affect the Development of Symbiosis. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2020; 33:1232-1241. [PMID: 32686981 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-05-20-0114-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A collection of rhizobial strains isolated from root nodules of the narrowly endemic legume species Oxytropis erecta, O. anadyrensis, O. kamtschatica, and O. pumilio originating from the Kamchatka Peninsula (Russian Federation) was obtained. Analysis of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequence showed a significant diversity of isolates belonging to families Rhizobiaceae (genus Rhizobium), Phyllobacteriaceae (genera Mesorhizobium, Phyllobacterium), and Bradyrhizobiaceae (genera Bosea, Tardiphaga). A plant nodulation assay showed that only strains belonging to genus Mesorhizobium could form nitrogen-fixing nodules on Oxytropis plants. The strains M. loti 582 and M. huakuii 583, in addition to symbiotic clusters, possessed genes of the type III and type VI secretion systems (T3SS and T6SS, respectively), which can influence the host specificity of strains. These strains formed nodules of two types (elongated and rounded) on O. kamtschatica roots. We suggest this phenomenon may result from Nod factor-dependent and -independent nodulation strategies. The obtained strains are of interest for further study of the T3SS and T6SS gene function and their role in the development of rhizobium-legume symbiosis. The prospects of using rhizobia having both gene systems related to symbiotic and nonsymbiotic nodulation strategies to enhance the efficiency of plant-microbe interactions by expanding the host specificity and increasing nodulation efficiency are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera I Safronova
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), 196608, St.-Petersburg, Sh. Podbelskogo 3, Russian Federation
| | - Polina V Guro
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), 196608, St.-Petersburg, Sh. Podbelskogo 3, Russian Federation
| | - Anna L Sazanova
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), 196608, St.-Petersburg, Sh. Podbelskogo 3, Russian Federation
| | - Irina G Kuznetsova
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), 196608, St.-Petersburg, Sh. Podbelskogo 3, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey A Belimov
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), 196608, St.-Petersburg, Sh. Podbelskogo 3, Russian Federation
| | - Valentin V Yakubov
- Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far Eastern Branch of the RAS, 690022, Vladivostok, Ave. 100-let Vladivostoka 159, Russian Federation
| | - Elizaveta R Chirak
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), 196608, St.-Petersburg, Sh. Podbelskogo 3, Russian Federation
| | - Alexey М Afonin
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), 196608, St.-Petersburg, Sh. Podbelskogo 3, Russian Federation
| | - Yuri V Gogolev
- Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 2/31 Lobachevsky St., Kazan 420111, Russian Federation
| | - Evgeny E Andronov
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), 196608, St.-Petersburg, Sh. Podbelskogo 3, Russian Federation
| | - Igor A Tikhonovich
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), 196608, St.-Petersburg, Sh. Podbelskogo 3, Russian Federation
- Saint Petersburg State University, Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, 199034, St.-Petersburg, Universitetskaya Emb. 7/9, Russian Federation
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El-Batanony NH, Castellano-Hinojosa A, Correa-Galeote D, Bedmar EJ. Phylogenetic diversity of bacterial strains from root nodules of legumes grown wild in Egypt. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2020.101692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Rejili M, BenAbderrahim MA, Mars M, Sherrier JD. Novel putative rhizobial species with different symbiovars nodulate Lotus creticus and their differential preference to distinctive soil properties. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2020; 367:5838745. [DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fnaa084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Phylogenetically diverse rhizobial strains endemic to Tunisia were isolated from symbiotic nodules of Lotus creticus, growing in different arid extremophile geographical regions of Tunisia, and speciated using multiloci-phylogenetic analysis as Neorhizobium huautlense (LCK33, LCK35, LCO42 and LCO49), Ensifer numidicus (LCD22, LCD25, LCK22 and LCK25), Ensifer meliloti (LCK8, LCK9 and LCK12) and Mesorhizobium camelthorni (LCD11, LCD13, LCD31 and LCD33). In addition, phylogenetic analyses revealed eight additional strains with previously undescribed chromosomal lineages within the genera Ensifer (LCF5, LCF6 and LCF8),Rhizobium (LCF11, LCF12 and LCF14) and Mesorhizobium (LCF16 and LCF19). Analysis using the nodC gene identified five symbiovar groups, four of which were already known. The remaining group composed of two strains (LCD11 and LCD33) represented a new symbiovar of Mesorhizobium camelthorni, which we propose designating as sv. hedysari. Interestingly, we report that soil properties drive and structure the symbiosis of L. creticus and its rhizobia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mokhtar Rejili
- Research Laboratory Biodiversity & Valorization of Arid Areas Bioressources (BVBAA) - Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, Erriadh-Zrig, 6072-Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Ali BenAbderrahim
- Laboratoire d'Aridocultures et des Cultures Oasiennes, Institut des Régions Arides, 6051 Gabès, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Mars
- Research Laboratory Biodiversity & Valorization of Arid Areas Bioressources (BVBAA) - Faculty of Sciences of Gabes, Erriadh-Zrig, 6072-Tunisia
| | - Janine Darla Sherrier
- Department of Crop & Soil Sciences, University of Georgia, 3111 Miller Plant Sci, 120 Carlton St., Athens, GA 30602, USA
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Yang X, Jiang Z, Zhang J, Zhou X, Zhang X, Wang L, Yu T, Wang Z, Bei J, Dong B, Dai Z, Yang Q, Chen Z. Mesorhizobium alexandrii sp. nov., isolated from phycosphere microbiota of PSTs-producing marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum amtk4. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2020; 113:907-917. [PMID: 32193664 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-020-01400-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
An aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, motile and rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated as Z1-4T, was isolated from the phycosphere microbiota of marine dinoflagellate Alexandrium minutum that produces paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the new isolate belongs to the genus Mesorhizobium, and it was closely related to Mesorhizobium waimense LMG 28228T and Mesorhizobium amorphae LMG 18977T with both 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities of 97.3%. The values of average nucleotide identity (ANI) and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) relatedness between strain Z1-4T and its relatives are both well below the thresholds used for the delineation of a new species. A genome-based phylogenetic tree constructed by up-to-date bacterial core gene set (UBCG) indicates that strain Z1-4T forms an independent branch within the genus Mesorhizobium. The respiratory quinone of strain Z1-4T was Q-10. The major fatty acids were similar to other members of the genus Mesorhizobium containing the summed feature 8, C16:0, C19:0cycloω8c, C17:0 and summed feature 3. The polar lipids are phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine, diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, an unidentified aminophospholipid, five glycolipids and seven unknown polar lipids. The DNA G + C content was determined to be 62.1 mol % based on its genomic sequence. Combined evidences based on the genotypic, chemotaxonomic and phenotypic characteristics clearly indicates that strain Z1-4T represents a novel species of the genus Mesorhizobium, for which the name Mesorhizobium alexandrii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is Z1-4T (= KCTC 72512T = CCTCC AB 2019101T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Yang
- Agro-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Jiang
- ABI Group, College of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Comprehensive Technology Service Center of Zhoushan Customs, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhou
- ABI Group, College of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Zhang
- ABI Group, College of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Health Risk Factors for Seafood of Zhejiang Province, Zhoushan Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- Agro-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Yu
- Agro-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhilin Wang
- Agro-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinlong Bei
- Agro-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Dong
- Agro-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangyan Dai
- Agro-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao Yang
- ABI Group, College of Marine Science and Technology, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan, 316021, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhuang Chen
- Agro-Biological Gene Research Center, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Lorite MJ, Estrella MJ, Escaray FJ, Sannazzaro A, Videira e Castro IM, Monza J, Sanjuán J, León-Barrios M. The Rhizobia- Lotus Symbioses: Deeply Specific and Widely Diverse. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:2055. [PMID: 30258414 PMCID: PMC6144797 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.02055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The symbiosis between Lotus and rhizobia has been long considered very specific and only two bacterial species were recognized as the microsymbionts of Lotus: Mesorhizobium loti was considered the typical rhizobia for the L. corniculatus complex, whereas Bradyrhizobium sp. (Lotus) was the symbiont for L. uliginosus and related species. As discussed in this review, this situation has dramatically changed during the last 15 years, with the characterization of nodule bacteria from worldwide geographical locations and from previously unexplored Lotus spp. Current data support that the Lotus rhizobia are dispersed amongst nearly 20 species in five genera (Mesorhizobium, Bradyrhizobium, Rhizobium, Ensifer, and Aminobacter). As a consequence, M. loti could be regarded an infrequent symbiont of Lotus, and several plant-bacteria compatibility groups can be envisaged. Despite the great progress achieved with the model L. japonicus in understanding the establishment and functionality of the symbiosis, the genetic and biochemical bases governing the stringent host-bacteria compatibility pairships within the genus Lotus await to be uncovered. Several Lotus spp. are grown for forage, and inoculation with rhizobia is a common practice in various countries. However, the great diversity of the Lotus rhizobia is likely squandered, as only few bacterial strains are used as inoculants for Lotus pastures in very different geographical locations, with a great variety of edaphic and climatic conditions. The agroecological potential of the genus Lotus can not be fully harnessed without acknowledging the great diversity of rhizobia-Lotus interactions, along with a better understanding of the specific plant and bacterial requirements for optimal symbiotic nitrogen fixation under increasingly constrained environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J. Lorite
- Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - María J. Estrella
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús, IIB-INTECH, UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Argentina
| | - Francisco J. Escaray
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús, IIB-INTECH, UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Argentina
| | - Analía Sannazzaro
- Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús, IIB-INTECH, UNSAM-CONICET, Chascomús, Argentina
| | | | - Jorge Monza
- Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Juan Sanjuán
- Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Granada, Spain
| | - Milagros León-Barrios
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Microbiología, Biología Celular y Genética, Universidad de la Laguna, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
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Marcos-García M, Menéndez E, Ramírez-Bahena MH, Mateos PF, Peix Á, Velazquez E, Rivas R. Mesorhizobium helmanticense sp. nov., isolated from Lotus corniculatus nodules. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2017; 67:2301-2305. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.001942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Marcos-García
- Departamento de Microbiología y Genética and Centro Hispanoluso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Esther Menéndez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Genética and Centro Hispanoluso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Pedro F. Mateos
- Departamento de Microbiología y Genética and Centro Hispanoluso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Unidad Asociada Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC ‘Interacciones Planta-Microorganismo’, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Álvaro Peix
- IRNASA-CSIC, Salamanca, Spain
- Unidad Asociada Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC ‘Interacciones Planta-Microorganismo’, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Encarna Velazquez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Genética and Centro Hispanoluso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Unidad Asociada Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC ‘Interacciones Planta-Microorganismo’, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Raúl Rivas
- Departamento de Microbiología y Genética and Centro Hispanoluso de Investigaciones Agrarias (CIALE), Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- Unidad Asociada Universidad de Salamanca-CSIC ‘Interacciones Planta-Microorganismo’, Salamanca, Spain
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11
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Wdowiak-Wróbel S, Marek-Kozaczuk M, Kalita M, Karaś M, Wójcik M, Małek W. Diversity and plant growth promoting properties of rhizobia isolated from root nodules of Ononis arvensis. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2017; 110:1087-1103. [PMID: 28500544 PMCID: PMC5511607 DOI: 10.1007/s10482-017-0883-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
This is the first report describing isolates from root nodules of Ononis arvensis (field restharrow). The aim of this investigation was to describe the diversity, phylogeny, and plant growth promoting features of microsymbionts of O. arvensis, i.e., a legume plant growing in different places of the southern part of Poland. Twenty-nine bacterial isolates were characterized in terms of their phenotypic properties, genome fingerprinting, and comparative analysis of their 16S rRNA, nodC and acdS gene sequences. Based on the nodC and 16S rRNA gene phylogenies, the O. arvensis symbionts were grouped close to bacteria of the genera Rhizobium and Mesorhizobium, which formed monophyletic clusters. The acdS gene sequences of all the isolates tested exhibited the highest similarities to the corresponding gene sequences of genus Mesorhizobium strains. The presence of the acdS genes in the genomes of rhizobia specific for O. arvensis implies that these bacteria may promote the growth and development of their host plant in stress conditions. The isolated bacteria showed a high genomic diversity and, in the BOX-PCR reaction, all of them (except three) exhibited DNA fingerprints specific only for them. Our studies showed that restharrow isolates formed effective symbiotic interactions with their native host (O. arvensis) and Ononis spinosa but not with Trifolium repens and Medicago sativa belonging to the same tribe Trifolieae as Ononis species and not with Lotus corniculatus, representing the tribe Loteae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Wdowiak-Wróbel
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Maria Curie -Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19 St., 20-033, Lublin, Poland.
| | - Monika Marek-Kozaczuk
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Maria Curie -Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19 St., 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Michał Kalita
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Maria Curie -Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19 St., 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Magdalena Karaś
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Maria Curie -Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19 St., 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wójcik
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Maria Curie -Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19 St., 20-033, Lublin, Poland
| | - Wanda Małek
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Maria Curie -Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19 St., 20-033, Lublin, Poland
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12
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Mohamad R, Willems A, Le Quéré A, Maynaud G, Pervent M, Bonabaud M, Dubois E, Cleyet-Marel JC, Brunel B. Mesorhizobium delmotii and Mesorhizobium prunaredense are two new species containing rhizobial strains within the symbiovar anthyllidis. Syst Appl Microbiol 2017; 40:135-143. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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13
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Andrews M, Andrews ME. Specificity in Legume-Rhizobia Symbioses. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E705. [PMID: 28346361 PMCID: PMC5412291 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18040705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 03/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Most species in the Leguminosae (legume family) can fix atmospheric nitrogen (N₂) via symbiotic bacteria (rhizobia) in root nodules. Here, the literature on legume-rhizobia symbioses in field soils was reviewed and genotypically characterised rhizobia related to the taxonomy of the legumes from which they were isolated. The Leguminosae was divided into three sub-families, the Caesalpinioideae, Mimosoideae and Papilionoideae. Bradyrhizobium spp. were the exclusive rhizobial symbionts of species in the Caesalpinioideae, but data are limited. Generally, a range of rhizobia genera nodulated legume species across the two Mimosoideae tribes Ingeae and Mimoseae, but Mimosa spp. show specificity towards Burkholderia in central and southern Brazil, Rhizobium/Ensifer in central Mexico and Cupriavidus in southern Uruguay. These specific symbioses are likely to be at least in part related to the relative occurrence of the potential symbionts in soils of the different regions. Generally, Papilionoideae species were promiscuous in relation to rhizobial symbionts, but specificity for rhizobial genus appears to hold at the tribe level for the Fabeae (Rhizobium), the genus level for Cytisus (Bradyrhizobium), Lupinus (Bradyrhizobium) and the New Zealand native Sophora spp. (Mesorhizobium) and species level for Cicer arietinum (Mesorhizobium), Listia bainesii (Methylobacterium) and Listia angolensis (Microvirga). Specificity for rhizobial species/symbiovar appears to hold for Galega officinalis (Neorhizobium galegeae sv. officinalis), Galega orientalis (Neorhizobium galegeae sv. orientalis), Hedysarum coronarium (Rhizobium sullae), Medicago laciniata (Ensifer meliloti sv. medicaginis), Medicago rigiduloides (Ensifer meliloti sv. rigiduloides) and Trifolium ambiguum (Rhizobium leguminosarum sv. trifolii). Lateral gene transfer of specific symbiosis genes within rhizobial genera is an important mechanism allowing legumes to form symbioses with rhizobia adapted to particular soils. Strain-specific legume rhizobia symbioses can develop in particular habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell Andrews
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, PO Box 84, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand.
| | - Morag E Andrews
- Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, PO Box 84, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand.
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14
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León-Barrios M, Pérez-Yépez J, Dorta P, Garrido A, Jiménez C. Alkalinity of Lanzarote soils is a factor shaping rhizobial populations with Sinorhizobium meliloti being the predominant microsymbiont of Lotus lancerottensis. Syst Appl Microbiol 2017; 40:171-178. [PMID: 28216096 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Lotus lancerottensis is an endemic species that grows widely throughout Lanzarote Island (Canary Is.). Characterization of 48 strains isolated from root nodules of plants growing in soils from eleven locations on the island showed that 38 isolates (79.1%) belonged to the species Sinorhizobium meliloti, whereas only six belonged to Mesorhizobium sp., the more common microsymbionts for the Lotus. Other genotypes containing only one isolate were classified as Pararhizobium sp., Sinorhizobium sp., Phyllobacterium sp. and Bradyrhizobium-like. Strains of S. meliloti were distributed along the island and, in most of the localities they were exclusive or major microsymbionts of L. lancerottensis. Phylogeny of the nodulation nodC gene placed the S. meliloti strains within symbiovar lancerottense and the mesorhizobial strains with the symbiovar loti. Although strains from both symbiovars produced effective N2-fixing nodules, S. meliloti symbiovar lancerottense was clearly the predominant microsymbiont of L. lancerottensis. This fact correlated with the better adaptation of strains of this species to the alkaline soils of Lanzarote, as in vitro characterization showed that while the mesorhizobial strains were inhibited by alkaline pH, S. meliloti strains grew well at pH 9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milagros León-Barrios
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Microbiología, Biología Celular y Genética, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain.
| | - Juan Pérez-Yépez
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Microbiología, Biología Celular y Genética, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Paola Dorta
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Microbiología, Biología Celular y Genética, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Ana Garrido
- Granja Agrícola Experimental, Área de Agricultura y Ganadería, Cabildo de Lanzarote, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Concepción Jiménez
- Departamento de Biología Animal, Edafología y Geología, Universidad de La Laguna, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain
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15
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Shamseldin A, Abdelkhalek A, Sadowsky MJ. Recent changes to the classification of symbiotic, nitrogen-fixing, legume-associating bacteria: a review. Symbiosis 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-016-0462-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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Characterization of rhizobia isolates obtained from nodules of wild genotypes of common bean. Braz J Microbiol 2016; 48:43-50. [PMID: 27777012 PMCID: PMC5220635 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjm.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the tolerance to salinity and temperature, the genetic diversity and the symbiotic efficiency of rhizobia isolates obtained from wild genotypes of common bean cultivated in soil samples from the States of Goiás, Minas Gerais and Paraná. The isolates were subjected to different NaCl concentrations (0%, 1%, 2%, 4% and 6%) at different temperatures (28 °C, 33 °C, 38 °C, 43 °C and 48 °C). Genotypic characterization was performed based on BOX-PCR, REP-PCR markers and 16S rRNA sequencing. An evaluation of symbiotic efficiency was carried out under greenhouse conditions in autoclaved Leonard jars. Among 98 isolates about 45% of them and Rhizobium freirei PRF81 showed a high tolerance to temperature, while 24 isolates and Rhizobium tropici CIAT899 were able to use all of the carbon sources studied. Clustering analysis based on the ability to use carbon sources and on the tolerance to salinity and temperature grouped 49 isolates, R. tropici CIAT899 and R. tropici H12 with a similarity level of 76%. Based on genotypic characterization, 65% of the isolates showed an approximately 66% similarity with R. tropici CIAT899 and R. tropici H12. About 20% of the isolates showed symbiotic efficiency similar to or better than the best Rhizobium reference strain (R. tropici CIAT899). Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA revealed that two efficient isolates (ALSG5A1 and JPrG6A8) belong to the group of strains used as commercial inoculant for common bean in Brazil and must be assayed in field experiments.
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17
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Mousavi SA, Li L, Wei G, Räsänen L, Lindström K. Evolution and taxonomy of native mesorhizobia nodulating medicinal Glycyrrhiza species in China. Syst Appl Microbiol 2016; 39:260-265. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2015] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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18
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Han L, Mo Y, Feng Q, Zhang R, Zhao X, Lv J, Xie B. Tianweitania sediminis gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Phyllobacteriaceae, isolated from subsurface sediment core. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:719-724. [DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.000785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Han
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PRChina
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PRChina
| | - Yongxin Mo
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PRChina
| | - Qingqing Feng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PRChina
| | - Rengang Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PRChina
| | - Xingmin Zhao
- Oil and Gas Survey, China Geological Survey, Beijing, 100029, PRChina
| | - Jie Lv
- College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PRChina
| | - Bing Xie
- School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, PRChina
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19
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Jia RZ, Zhang RJ, Wei Q, Chen WF, Cho IK, Chen WX, Li QX. Identification and Classification of Rhizobia by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 8:98-107. [PMID: 26500417 PMCID: PMC4616259 DOI: 10.4172/jpb.1000357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS) has been widely used for specific, sensitive and rapid analysis of proteins and has shown a high potential for bacterial identification and characterization. Type strains of four species of rhizobia and Escherichia coli DH5α were employed as reference bacteria to optimize various parameters for identification and classification of species of rhizobia by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight MS (MALDI TOF MS). The parameters optimized included culture medium states (liquid or solid), bacterial growth phases, colony storage temperature and duration, and protein data processing to enhance the bacterial identification resolution, accuracy and reliability. The medium state had little effects on the mass spectra of protein profiles. A suitable sampling time was between the exponential phase and the stationary phase. Consistent protein mass spectral profiles were observed for E. coli colonies pre-grown for 14 days and rhizobia for 21 days at 4°C or 21°C. A dendrogram of 75 rhizobial strains of 4 genera was constructed based on MALDI TOF mass spectra and the topological patterns agreed well with those in the 16S rDNA phylogenetic tree. The potential of developing a mass spectral database for all rhizobia species was assessed with blind samples. The entire process from sample preparation to accurate identification and classification of species required approximately one hour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zong Jia
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA ; State Key Laboratory of Agro biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China ; State Key Biotechnology Laboratory for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Rong Juan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agro biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China ; Dongying Municipal Bureau of Agriculture, Dongying, Shandong, 257091, China
| | - Qing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Agro biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China ; State Key Biotechnology Laboratory for Tropical Crops, Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agriculture Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, 571101, China
| | - Wen Feng Chen
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA ; State Key Laboratory of Agro biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Il Kyu Cho
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
| | - Wen Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agro biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qing X Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
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20
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Mesorhizobium soli sp. nov., a novel species isolated from the rhizosphere of Robinia pseudoacacia L. in South Korea by using a modified culture method. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 2015; 108:301-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-015-0481-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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21
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Poroshina MN, Trotsenko YA, Doronina NV. Methylobrevis pamukkalensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a halotolerant restricted facultative methylotroph isolated from saline water. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2015; 65:1321-1327. [PMID: 25667389 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.000105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
An aerobic halotolerant restricted facultatively methylotrophic bacterium was isolated from a saline hot spring in Pamukkale, Turkey, and designated strain PK2(T). The cells of this strain were Gram-stain-negative, asporogenous, motile short rods multiplying by binary fission. They utilized methanol, methylamine and mannitol as carbon and energy sources. The organism grew optimally at 30 °C in media containing 85 mM NaCl and at pH 7.5-8.0. C1 compounds were assimilated via the isocitrate-lyase-positive variant of the serine pathway. Poly-β-hydroxybutyrate and the compatible solute ectoine were found in the cells. The dominant phospholipids were phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylmonomethylethanolamine. The major cellular fatty acids of methanol-grown cells were C(18 : 1)ω7 and C(16 : 1)ω7c. The main ubiquinone was Q-10. The DNA G+C content was 67.9 mol% (T(m)). The 16S rRNA gene sequence suggests that strain PK2(T) is affiliated with the order Rhizobiales within the class Alphaproteobacteria , being most closely related to Mesorhizobium gobiense CCBAU 83330(T) (94% similarity). A novel genus and species, Methylobrevis pamukkalensis gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed on the basis of phenotypic and genotypic data, with PK2(T) (VKM B-2849(T) = JCM 30229(T)) as the type strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria N Poroshina
- G. K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia
| | - Yuri A Trotsenko
- G. K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia
| | - Nina V Doronina
- G. K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow region 142290, Russia
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22
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Pérez-Yépez J, Armas-Capote N, Velázquez E, Pérez-Galdona R, Rivas R, León-Barrios M. Evaluation of seven housekeeping genes for multilocus sequence analysis of the genus Mesorhizobium: Resolving the taxonomic affiliation of the Cicer canariense rhizobia. Syst Appl Microbiol 2014; 37:553-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/08/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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23
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Ganzert L, Bajerski F, Wagner D. Bacterial community composition and diversity of five different permafrost-affected soils of Northeast Greenland. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2014; 89:426-41. [DOI: 10.1111/1574-6941.12352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lars Ganzert
- Alfred Wegener Institute; Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research; Potsdam Germany
| | - Felizitas Bajerski
- Alfred Wegener Institute; Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research; Potsdam Germany
| | - Dirk Wagner
- GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences; Section 4.5 Geomicrobiology; Potsdam Germany
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24
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Laranjo M, Alexandre A, Oliveira S. Legume growth-promoting rhizobia: An overview on the Mesorhizobium genus. Microbiol Res 2014; 169:2-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2013.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 09/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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25
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Zhou S, Li Q, Jiang H, Lindström K, Zhang X. Mesorhizobium
sangaii sp. nov., isolated from the root nodules of Astragalus luteolus and Astragalus ernestii. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2013; 63:2794-2799. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.044685-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Our previous published data indicated that the two rhizobial strains SCAU7T and SCAU27, which were isolated from the root nodules of Astragalus luteolus and Astragalus ernestii respectively, in Sichuan Province, China, might be novel species of the genus
Mesorhizobium
. Their exact taxonomic position was determined in the present study by using polyphasic approaches. Comparative analysis of nearly full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that these strains belonged to the genus
Mesorhizobium
, with
Mesorhizobium ciceri
USDA 3383T,
Mesorhizobium loti
NZP 2213T,
Mesorhizobium shangrilense
CCBAU 65327T and
Mesorhizobium australicum
WSM2073T as the closest neighbours (>99 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity). Phylogenies of the housekeeping genes atpD and recA confirmed their distinct position, showing low similarity with respect to those of
M. loti
LMG 6125T (96.5 % and 92.3 % similarity respectively),
M. ciceri
USDA 3383T (96.8 % and 93.3 % similarity, respectively),
M. shangrilense
CCBAU 65327T (96.5 % and 92.7 % similarity, respectively) and
M. australicum
WSM2073T (95.4 % and 90.6 % similarity, respectively). The DNA–DNA relatedness values between strain SCAU7T and strain SCAU27 were 83.0 %, showing that they belong to the same species. The DNA–DNA relatedness values of SCAU7T with
M. loti
NZP 2213T,
M. ciceri
USDA 3383T and
M. shangrilense
CCBAU 65327T were 41.1 %, 48.8 % and 23.4 %, respectively, clearly indicating that strain SCAU7T represents a novel species. A series of phenotypic and genotypic tests and comparison of cellular fatty acids indicated that the novel group of isolates was distinct from previously described species. Therefore, we propose that strains SCAU7T and SCAU27 represent a novel species of the genus
Mesorhizobium
,
Mesorhizobium
sangaii sp. nov., with strain SCAU7T ( = HAMBI 3318T = ACCC 13218T) as the type strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Zhou
- Department of Resources and Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Qiongfang Li
- College of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621000, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Huaming Jiang
- Department of Resources and Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Kristina Lindström
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- Department of Resources and Environment, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, Sichuan, PR China
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26
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Zheng WT, Li Y, Wang R, Sui XH, Zhang XX, Zhang JJ, Wang ET, Chen WX. Mesorhizobium qingshengii sp. nov., isolated from effective nodules of Astragalus sinicus. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2013; 63:2002-2007. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.044362-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In a study on the diversity of rhizobia isolated from root nodules of Astragalus sinicus, five strains showed identical 16S rRNA gene sequences. They were related most closely to the type strains of
Mesorhizobium loti
,
Mesorhizobium shangrilense
,
Mesorhizobium ciceri
and
Mesorhizobium australicum
, with sequence similarities of 99.6–99.8 %. A polyphasic approach, including 16S–23S intergenic spacer (IGS) RFLP, comparative sequence analysis of 16S rRNA, atpD, glnII and recA genes, DNA–DNA hybridization and phenotypic tests, clustered the five isolates into a coherent group distinct from all recognized
Mesorhizobium
species. Except for strain CCBAU 33446, from which no symbiotic gene was detected, the four remaining strains shared identical nifH and nodC gene sequences and nodulated with Astragalus sinicus. In addition, these five strains showed similar but different fingerprints in IGS-RFLP and BOX-repeat-based PCR, indicating that they were not clones of the same strain. They were also distinguished from recognized
Mesorhizobium
species by several phenotypic features and fatty acid profiles. Based upon all the results, we suggest that the five strains represent a novel species for which the name Mesorhizobium qingshengii sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CCBAU 33460T ( = CGMCC 1.12097T = LMG 26793T = HAMBI 3277T). The DNA G+C content of the type strain is 59.52 mol% (T
m).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Tao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Ying Li
- State Key Laboratory for Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Xin Hua Sui
- State Key Laboratory for Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Xiao Xia Zhang
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Jun Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - En Tao Wang
- Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 11340 México DF, Mexico
- State Key Laboratory for Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Wen Xin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
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27
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Ramírez-Bahena MH, Hernández M, Peix Á, Velázquez E, León-Barrios M. Mesorhizobial strains nodulating Anagyris latifolia and Lotus berthelotii in Tamadaya ravine (Tenerife, Canary Islands) are two symbiovars of the same species, Mesorhizobium tamadayense sp. nov. Syst Appl Microbiol 2012; 35:334-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2012.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2012] [Revised: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 05/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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28
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Lorite MJ, Videira e Castro I, Muñoz S, Sanjuán J. Phylogenetic relationship of Lotus uliginosus symbionts with bradyrhizobia nodulating genistoid legumes. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2012; 79:454-64. [PMID: 22092879 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2011.01230.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2011] [Revised: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 10/14/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Lotus species are legumes with potential for pastures in soils with low-fertility and environmental constraints. The aim of this work was to characterize bacteria that establish efficient nitrogen-fixing symbiosis with the forage species Lotus uliginosus. A total of 39 isolates were obtained from nodules of L. uliginosus naturally growing in two different locations of Portugal. Molecular identification of the isolates plus the commercial inoculant strain NZP2039 was performed by REP-PCR, 16S rRNA RFLP, and 16S rRNA, glnII and recA sequence analyses. Limited genetic diversity was found among the L. uliginosus symbionts, which showed a close phylogenetic relationship with the species Bradyrhizobium japonicum. The symbiotic nifH, nodA and nodC gene sequences were closely related with the corresponding genes of various Bradyrhizobium strains isolated from Lupinus and other genistoid legumes and therefore were phylogenetically separated from other Lotus spp. rhizobia. The L. uliginosus bradyrhizobia were able to nodulate and fix nitrogen in association with L. uliginosus, could nodulate Lotus corniculatus with generally poor nitrogen-fixing efficiency, formed nonfixing nodules in Lotus tenuis and Lupinus luteus roots and were unable to nodulate Glycine soja or Glycine max. Thus, L. uliginosus rhizobia seem closely related to B. japonicum biovar genistearum strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- María J Lorite
- Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada, Spain
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29
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Escaray FJ, Menendez AB, Gárriz A, Pieckenstain FL, Estrella MJ, Castagno LN, Carrasco P, Sanjuán J, Ruiz OA. Ecological and agronomic importance of the plant genus Lotus. Its application in grassland sustainability and the amelioration of constrained and contaminated soils. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 182:121-33. [PMID: 22118623 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2011.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2010] [Revised: 03/16/2011] [Accepted: 03/24/2011] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The genus Lotus comprises around 100 annual and perennial species with worldwide distribution. The relevance of Lotus japonicus as a model plant has been recently demonstrated in numerous studies. In addition, some of the Lotus species show a great potential for adaptation to a number of abiotic stresses. Therefore, they are relevant components of grassland ecosystems in environmentally constrained areas of several South American countries and Australia, where they are used for livestock production. Also, the fact that the roots of these species form rhizobial and mycorrhizal associations makes the annual L. japonicus a suitable model plant for legumes, particularly in studies directed to recognize the mechanisms intervening in the tolerance to abiotic factors in the field, where these interactions occur. These properties justify the increased utilization of some Lotus species as a strategy for dunes revegetation and reclamation of heavy metal-contaminated or burned soils in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco J Escaray
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús UNSAM/CONICET, 7130, Camino circunvalación laguna km 6, Chascomús, Argentina
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30
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Diverse rhizobia associated with Sophora alopecuroides grown in different regions of Loess Plateau in China. Syst Appl Microbiol 2010; 33:468-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2010.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2010] [Revised: 07/29/2010] [Accepted: 08/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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31
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Zhou PF, Chen WM, Wei GH. Mesorhizobium robiniae sp. nov., isolated from root nodules of Robinia pseudoacacia. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2010; 60:2552-2556. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.019356-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, five rhizobial strains isolated from root nodules of Robinia pseudoacacia were assigned to the same genospecies on the basis of identical 16S rRNA gene sequences and phylogenetic analyses of the nodA, nodC and nifH genes, in which the five isolates formed a well-supported group that excluded other sequences found in public databases. In this study, the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities between the isolates and Mesorhizobium mediterraneum UPM-Ca36T and Mesorhizobium temperatum SDW018T were 99.5 and 99.6 %, respectively. The five isolates were also different from defined Mesorhizobium species using ERIC fingerprint profiles and they formed a novel Mesorhizobium lineage in phylogenetic analyses of recA and atpD gene sequences. DNA–DNA relatedness values between the representative strain, CCNWYC 115T, and type strains of defined Mesorhizobium species were found to be lower than 47.5 %. These results indicated that the isolates represented a novel genomic species. Therefore, a novel species, Mesorhizobium robiniae sp. nov., is proposed, with type strain CCNWYC 115T (=ACCC 14543T =HAMBI 3082T). Strain CCNWYC 115T can form effective nodules only on its original host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Fa Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Wei Min Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
| | - Ge Hong Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Agriculture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, PR China
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32
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Lorite MJ, Donate-Correa J, del Arco-Aguilar M, Pérez Galdona R, Sanjuán J, León-Barrios M. Lotus endemic to the Canary Islands are nodulated by diverse and novel rhizobial species and symbiotypes. Syst Appl Microbiol 2010; 33:282-90. [PMID: 20447791 DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2010.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2010] [Revised: 03/09/2010] [Accepted: 03/11/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Genetic and symbiotic characterization of 34 isolates from several Lotus species endemic to the Canary Islands showed extraordinary diversity, with bacteria belonging to different species of the genera Mesorhizobium (17 isolates), Sinorhizobium (12 isolates) and Rhizobium/Agrobacterium (5 isolates). In a previous report, we showed that the Sinorhizobium isolates mostly belonged to S. meliloti. Here, we focused on the remaining isolates. The Lotus mesorhizobial strains were distributed in the rrs tree within six poorly resolved branches. Partial sequences from atpD and recA genes produced much better resolved phylogenies that were, with some exceptions, congruent with the ribosomal phylogeny. Thus, up to six different mesorhizobial species were detected, which matched with or were sister species of M. ciceri, M. alhagi, M. plurifarium or M. caraganae, and two represented new lineages that did not correspond to any of the currently recognized species. Neither M. loti nor Bradyrhizobium sp. (Lotus), recognized as the typical Lotus-symbionts, were identified among the Canarian Lotus isolates, although their nodulation genes were closely related to M. loti. However, several subbranches of mesorhizobia nodulating Lotus spp. could be differentiated in a nodC tree, with the isolates from the islands distributed in two of them (A1 and A3). Subbranch A1 included reference strains of M. loti and a group of isolates with a host range compatible with biovar loti, whereas A3 represented a more divergent exclusive subbranch of isolates with a host range almost restricted to endemic Lotus and it could represent a new biovar among the Lotus rhizobia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ma José Lorite
- Departamento de Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbióticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, Granada, Spain
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33
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Characterization of strains unlike Mesorhizobium loti that nodulate lotus spp. in saline soils of Granada, Spain. Appl Environ Microbiol 2010; 76:4019-26. [PMID: 20435777 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02555-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lotus species are forage legumes with potential as pastures in low-fertility and environmentally constrained soils, owing to their high persistence and yield under those conditions. The aim of this work was the characterization of phenetic and genetic diversity of salt-tolerant bacteria able to establish efficient symbiosis with Lotus spp. A total of 180 isolates able to nodulate Lotus corniculatus and Lotus tenuis from two locations in Granada, Spain, were characterized. Molecular identification of the isolates was performed by repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR (REP-PCR) and 16S rRNA, atpD, and recA gene sequence analyses, showing the presence of bacteria related to different species of the genus Mesorhizobium: Mesorhizobium tarimense/Mesorhizobium tianshanense, Mesorhizobium chacoense/Mesorhizobium albiziae, and the recently described species, Mesorhizobium alhagi. No Mesorhizobium loti-like bacteria were found, although most isolates carried nodC and nifH symbiotic genes closely related to those of M. loti, considered the type species of bacteria nodulating Lotus, and other Lotus rhizobia. A significant portion of the isolates showed both high salt tolerance and good symbiotic performance with L. corniculatus, and many behaved like salt-dependent bacteria, showing faster growth and better symbiotic performance when media were supplemented with Na or Ca salts.
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34
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Han TX, Tian CF, Wang ET, Chen WX. Associations among rhizobial chromosomal background, nod genes, and host plants based on the analysis of symbiosis of indigenous rhizobia and wild legumes native to Xinjiang. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2010; 59:311-323. [PMID: 19730765 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-009-9577-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2009] [Accepted: 08/07/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The associations among rhizobia chromosomal background, nodulation genes, legume plants, and geographical regions are very attractive but still unclear. To address this question, we analyzed the interactions among rhizobia rDNA genotypes, nodC genotypes, legume genera, as well as geographical regions in the present study. Complex relationships were observed among them, which may be the genuine nature of their associations. The statistical analyses indicate that legume plant is the key factor shaping both rhizobia genetic and symbiotic diversity. In the most cases of our results, the nodC lineages are clearly associated with rhizobial genomic species, demonstrating that nodulation genes have co-evolved with chromosomal background, though the lateral transfer of nodulation genes occurred in some cases in a minority. Our results also support the hypothesis that the endemic rhizobial populations to a certain geographical area prefer to have a wide spectrum of hosts, which might be an important event for the success of both legumes and rhizobia in an isolated region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Xu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Key laboratory of Agro-Microbial Resource and Application, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China
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35
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Mierzwa B, Wdowiak-Wróbel S, Małek W. Robinia pseudoacacia in Poland and Japan is nodulated by Mesorhizobium amorphae strains. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2010; 97:351-61. [DOI: 10.1007/s10482-010-9414-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2009] [Accepted: 01/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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36
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López-López A, Rosenblueth M, Martínez J, Martínez-Romero E. Rhizobial Symbioses in Tropical Legumes and Non-Legumes. SOIL BIOLOGY 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-05076-3_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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37
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Li Q, Zhang X, Zou L, Chen Q, Fewer DP, Lindström K. Horizontal gene transfer and recombination shape mesorhizobial populations in the gene center of the host plantsAstragalus luteolusandAstragalus ernestiiin Sichuan, China. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2009; 70:71-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2009.00776.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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38
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Rivas R, García-Fraile P, Velázquez E. Taxonomy of Bacteria Nodulating Legumes. Microbiol Insights 2009. [DOI: 10.4137/mbi.s3137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the years, the term “rhizobia” has come to be used for all the bacteria that are capable of nodulation and nitrogen fixation in association with legumes but the taxonomy of rhizobia has changed considerably over the last 30 year. Recently, several non-rhizobial species belonging to alpha and beta subgroup of Proteobacteria have been identified as nitrogen-fixing legume symbionts. Here we provide an overview of the history of the rhizobia and the widespread phylogenetic diversity of nitrogen-fixing legume symbionts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Rivas
- Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Laboratorio 209, Edificio Departamental de Biología, Doctores de la Reina s/n, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Paula García-Fraile
- Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Laboratorio 209, Edificio Departamental de Biología, Doctores de la Reina s/n, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Encarna Velázquez
- Departamento de Microbiología y Genética, Laboratorio 209, Edificio Departamental de Biología, Doctores de la Reina s/n, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
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39
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Lu YL, Chen WF, Wang ET, Han LL, Zhang XX, Chen WX, Han SZ. Mesorhizobium shangrilense sp. nov., isolated from root nodules of Caragana species. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2009; 59:3012-8. [DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.007393-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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