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Jalali M, Chen Q, Tang X, Guo Q, Liang J, Zhou X, Zhang D, Huang Z, Zhai Y. Modulation of Standing Spin Waves in Confined Rectangular Elements. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2404. [PMID: 38793471 PMCID: PMC11122786 DOI: 10.3390/ma17102404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Magnonics is an emerging field within spintronics that focuses on developing novel magnetic devices capable of manipulating information through the modification of spin waves in nanostructures with submicron size. Here, we provide a confined magnetic rectangular element to modulate the standing spin waves, by changing the saturation magnetisation (MS), exchange constant (A), and the aspect ratio of rectangular magnetic elements via micromagnetic simulation. It is found that the bulk mode and the edge mode of the magnetic element form a hybrid with each other. With the decrease in MS, both the Kittel mode and the standing spin waves undergo a shift towards higher frequencies. On the contrary, as A decreases, the frequencies of standing spin waves become smaller, while the Kittel mode is almost unaffected. Moreover, when the length-to-width aspect ratio of the element is increased, standing spin waves along the width and length become split, leading to the observation of additional modes in the magnetic spectra. For each mode, the vibration style is discussed. These spin dynamic modes were further confirmed via FMR experiments, which agree well with the simulation results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Jalali
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China; (M.J.); (Q.C.); (X.T.); (Q.G.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (Z.H.)
| | - Qian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China; (M.J.); (Q.C.); (X.T.); (Q.G.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (Z.H.)
| | - Xuejian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China; (M.J.); (Q.C.); (X.T.); (Q.G.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (Z.H.)
| | - Qingjie Guo
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China; (M.J.); (Q.C.); (X.T.); (Q.G.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (Z.H.)
| | - Jian Liang
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China; (M.J.); (Q.C.); (X.T.); (Q.G.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (Z.H.)
| | - Xiaochao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China; (M.J.); (Q.C.); (X.T.); (Q.G.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (Z.H.)
| | - Dong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China; (M.J.); (Q.C.); (X.T.); (Q.G.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (Z.H.)
- School of Physical Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
| | - Zhaocong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China; (M.J.); (Q.C.); (X.T.); (Q.G.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (Z.H.)
| | - Ya Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Quantum Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China; (M.J.); (Q.C.); (X.T.); (Q.G.); (J.L.); (X.Z.); (Z.H.)
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Pan XF, Li PB, Hei XL, Zhang X, Mochizuki M, Li FL, Nori F. Magnon-Skyrmion Hybrid Quantum Systems: Tailoring Interactions via Magnons. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:193601. [PMID: 38804949 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.193601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Coherent and dissipative interactions between different quantum systems are essential for the construction of hybrid quantum systems and the investigation of novel quantum phenomena. Here, we propose and analyze a magnon-skyrmion hybrid quantum system, consisting of a micromagnet and nearby magnetic skyrmions. We predict a strong-coupling mechanism between the magnonic mode of the micromagnet and the quantized helicity degree of freedom of the skyrmion. We show that with this hybrid setup it is possible to induce magnon-mediated nonreciprocal interactions and responses between distant skyrmion qubits or between skyrmion qubits and other quantum systems like superconducting qubits. This work provides a quantum platform for the investigation of diverse quantum effects and quantum information processing with magnetic microstructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Feng Pan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Peng-Bo Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xin-Lei Hei
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xichao Zhang
- Department of Applied Physics, Waseda University, Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Masahito Mochizuki
- Department of Applied Physics, Waseda University, Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan
| | - Fu-Li Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Information and Quantum Optoelectronic Devices, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Franco Nori
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, Cluster for Pioneering Research, RIKEN, Wakoshi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Center for Quantum Computing, RIKEN, Wakoshi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
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3
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Xu Q, Cheung HFH, Cormode DS, Puel TO, Pal S, Yusuf H, Chilcote M, Flatté ME, Johnston‐Halperin E, Fuchs GD. Strong Photon-Magnon Coupling Using a Lithographically Defined Organic Ferrimagnet. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2310032. [PMID: 38279583 PMCID: PMC11005739 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202310032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
A cavity-magnonic system composed of a superconducting microwave resonator coupled to a magnon mode hosted by the organic-based ferrimagnet vanadium tetracyanoethylene (V[TCNE]x) is demonstrated. This work is motivated by the challenge of scalably integrating a low-damping magnetic system with planar superconducting circuits. V[TCNE]x has ultra-low intrinsic damping, can be grown at low processing temperatures on arbitrary substrates, and can be patterned via electron beam lithography. The devices operate in the strong coupling regime, with a cooperativity exceeding 1000 for coupling between the Kittel mode and the resonator mode at T≈0.4 K, suitable for scalable quantum circuit integration. Higher-order magnon modes are also observed with much narrower linewidths than the Kittel mode. This work paves the way for high-cooperativity hybrid quantum devices in which magnonic circuits can be designed and fabricated as easily as electrical wires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Xu
- Department of PhysicsCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA
| | | | | | - Tharnier O. Puel
- Department of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of IowaIowa CityIA52242USA
| | - Srishti Pal
- School of Applied and Engineering PhysicsCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA
| | - Huma Yusuf
- Department of PhysicsThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOH43210USA
| | - Michael Chilcote
- School of Applied and Engineering PhysicsCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA
| | - Michael E. Flatté
- Department of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of IowaIowa CityIA52242USA
| | | | - Gregory D. Fuchs
- School of Applied and Engineering PhysicsCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA
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Bi MX, Fan H, Yan XH, Lai YC. Folding State within a Hysteresis Loop: Hidden Multistability in Nonlinear Physical Systems. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2024; 132:137201. [PMID: 38613259 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.132.137201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Identifying hidden states in nonlinear physical systems that evade direct experimental detection is important as disturbances and noises can place the system in a hidden state with detrimental consequences. We study a cavity magnonic system whose main physics is photon and magnon Kerr effects. Sweeping a bifurcation parameter in numerical experiments (as would be done in actual experiments) leads to a hysteresis loop with two distinct stable steady states, but analytic calculation gives a third folded steady state "hidden" in the loop, which gives rise to the phenomenon of hidden multistability. We propose an experimentally feasible control method to drive the system into the folded hidden state. We demonstrate, through a ternary cavity magnonic system and a gene regulatory network, that such hidden multistability is in fact quite common. Our findings shed light on hidden dynamical states in nonlinear physical systems which are not directly observable but can present challenges and opportunities in applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Xia Bi
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an 710121, China
| | - Huawei Fan
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an 710121, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Yan
- School of Material Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Ying-Cheng Lai
- School of Electrical, Computer, and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
- Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
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Wang ZY, He XW, Han X, Wang HF, Zhang S. Nonreciprocal P T-symmetric magnon laser in spinning cavity optomagnonics. OPTICS EXPRESS 2024; 32:4987-4997. [PMID: 38439236 DOI: 10.1364/oe.513536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
We propose a scheme to achieve nonreciprocal parity-time (P T)-symmetric magnon laser in a P T-symmetric cavity optomagnonical system. The system consists of active and passive optical spinning resonators. We demonstrate that the Fizeau light-dragging effect induced by the spinning of a resonator results in significant variations in magnon gain and stimulated emitted magnon numbers for different driving directions. We find that utilizing the Fizeau light-dragging effect allows the system to operate at ultra-low thresholds even without reaching gain-loss balance. A one-way magnon laser can also be realized across a range of parameters. High tunability of the magnon laser is achieved by changing the spinning speed of the resonators and driving direction. Our work provides a new way to explore various nonreciprocal effects in non-Hermitian magnonic systems, which may be applied to manipulate photons and magnons in multi-body non-Hermitian coupled systems.
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Jarc G, Mathengattil SY, Montanaro A, Giusti F, Rigoni EM, Sergo R, Fassioli F, Winnerl S, Dal Zilio S, Mihailovic D, Prelovšek P, Eckstein M, Fausti D. Cavity-mediated thermal control of metal-to-insulator transition in 1T-TaS 2. Nature 2023; 622:487-492. [PMID: 37853152 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06596-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Placing quantum materials into optical cavities provides a unique platform for controlling quantum cooperative properties of matter, by both weak and strong light-matter coupling1,2. Here we report experimental evidence of reversible cavity control of a metal-to-insulator phase transition in a correlated solid-state material. We embed the charge density wave material 1T-TaS2 into cryogenic tunable terahertz cavities3 and show that a switch between conductive and insulating behaviours, associated with a large change in the sample temperature, is obtained by mechanically tuning the distance between the cavity mirrors and their alignment. The large thermal modification observed is indicative of a Purcell-like scenario in which the spectral profile of the cavity modifies the energy exchange between the material and the external electromagnetic field. Our findings provide opportunities for controlling the thermodynamics and macroscopic transport properties of quantum materials by engineering their electromagnetic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Jarc
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Shahla Yasmin Mathengattil
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Angela Montanaro
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Department of Physics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Francesca Giusti
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Enrico Maria Rigoni
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Rudi Sergo
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Francesca Fassioli
- Department of Physics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Trieste, Italy
| | - Stephan Winnerl
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Martin Eckstein
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Daniele Fausti
- Department of Physics, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, Trieste, Italy.
- Department of Physics, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
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7
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Ghasemian E. Dissipative dynamics of optomagnonic nonclassical features via anti-Stokes optical pulses: squeezing, blockade, anti-correlation, and entanglement. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12757. [PMID: 37550430 PMCID: PMC10406899 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-39822-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We propose a feasible experimental model to investigate the generation and characterization of nonclassical states in a cavity optomagnonic system consisting of a ferromagnetic YIG sphere that simultaneously supports both the magnon mode and two whispering gallery modes of optical photons. The photons undergo the magnon-induced Brillouin light scattering, which is a well-established tool for the cavity-assisted manipulations of magnons as well as magnon spintronics. At first, we derive the desired interaction Hamiltonian under the influence of the anti-Stokes scattering process and then proceed to analyze the dynamical evolution of quantum statistics of photons and magnons as well as their intermodal entanglement. The results show that both photons and magnons generally acquire some nonclassical features, e.g., the strong antibunching and anti-correlation. Interestingly, the system may experience the perfect photon and magnon blockade phenomena, simultaneously. Besides, the nonclassical features may be protected against the unwanted environmental effects for a relatively long time, especially, in the weak driving field regime and when the system is initiated with a small number of particles. However, it should be noted that some fast quantum-classical transitions may occur in-between. Although the unwanted dissipative effects plague the nonclassical features, we show that this system can be adopted to prepare optomagnonic entangled states. The generation of entangled states depends on the initial state of the system and the interaction regime. The intermodal photon-magnon entanglement may be generated and pronounced, especially, if the system is initialized with low intensity even Schrödinger cat state in the strong coupling regime. The cavity-assisted manipulation of magnons is a unique and flexible mechanism that allows an interesting test bed for investigating the interdisciplinary contexts involving quantum optics and spintronics. Moreover, such a hybrid optomagnonic system may be used to design both on-demand single-photon and single-magnon sources and may find potential applications in quantum information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ghasemian
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Intelligent Systems Engineering and Data Science, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, Iran.
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8
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Yao B, Gui YS, Rao JW, Zhang YH, Lu W, Hu CM. Coherent Microwave Emission of Gain-Driven Polaritons. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:146702. [PMID: 37084460 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.146702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
By developing a gain-embedded cavity magnonics platform, we create a gain-driven polariton (GDP) that is activated by an amplified electromagnetic field. Distinct effects of gain-driven light-matter interaction, such as polariton auto-oscillations, polariton phase singularity, self-selection of a polariton bright mode, and gain-induced magnon-photon synchronization, are theoretically studied and experimentally manifested. Utilizing the gain-sustained photon coherence of the GDP, we demonstrate polariton-based coherent microwave amplification (∼40 dB) and achieve high-quality coherent microwave emission (Q>10^{9}).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimu Yao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T 2N2, Canada
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Y S Gui
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - J W Rao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T 2N2, Canada
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Y H Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Wei Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - C-M Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T 2N2, Canada
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Xie H, He LW, Liao CG, Chen ZH, Lin XM. Generation of robust optical entanglement in cavity optomagnonics. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:7994-8004. [PMID: 36859918 DOI: 10.1364/oe.478963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We propose a scheme to realize robust optical entanglement in cavity optomagnonics, where two optical whispering gallery modes (WGMs) couple to a magnon mode in a yttrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere. The beam-splitter-like and two-mode squeezing magnon-photon interactions can be realized simultaneously when the two optical WGMs are driven by external fields. Entanglement between the two optical modes is then generated via their coupling with magnons. By exploiting the destructive quantum interference between the bright modes of the interface, the effects of initial thermal occupations of magnons can be eliminated. Moreover, the excitation of the Bogoliubov dark mode is capable of protecting the optical entanglement from thermal heating effects. Therefore, the generated optical entanglement is robust against thermal noise and the requirement of cooling the magnon mode is relaxed. Our scheme may find applications in the study of magnon-based quantum information processing.
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Rao JW, Yao B, Wang CY, Zhang C, Yu T, Lu W. Unveiling a Pump-Induced Magnon Mode via Its Strong Interaction with Walker Modes. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:046705. [PMID: 36763434 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.046705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We observe a power-dependent anticrossing of Walker spin-wave modes under microwave pumping when a ferrimagnet is placed in a microwave waveguide that does not support any discrete photon mode. We interpret this unexpected anticrossing as the generation of a pump-induced magnon mode that couples strongly to the Walker modes of the ferrimagnet. This anticrossing inherits an excellent tunability from the pump, which allows us to control the anticrossing via the pump power, frequency, and waveform. Further, we realize a remarkable functionality of this anticrossing, namely, a microwave frequency comb, in terms of the nonlinear interaction that mixes the pump and probe frequencies. Such a frequency comb originates from the magnetic dynamics and thereby does not suffer from the charge noise. The unveiled hybrid magnonics driven away from its equilibrium enriches the utilization of anticrossing for coherent information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Rao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Bimu Yao
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - C Y Wang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - C Zhang
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Tao Yu
- School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wei Lu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
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11
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Shen RC, Li J, Fan ZY, Wang YP, You JQ. Mechanical Bistability in Kerr-modified Cavity Magnomechanics. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:123601. [PMID: 36179162 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.123601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bistable mechanical vibration is observed in a cavity magnomechanical system, which consists of a microwave cavity mode, a magnon mode, and a mechanical vibration mode of a ferrimagnetic yttrium-iron-garnet sphere. The bistability manifests itself in both the mechanical frequency and linewidth under a strong microwave drive field, which simultaneously activates three different kinds of nonlinearities, namely, magnetostriction, magnon self-Kerr, and magnon-phonon cross-Kerr nonlinearities. The magnon-phonon cross-Kerr nonlinearity is first predicted and measured in magnomechanics. The system enters a regime where Kerr-type nonlinearities strongly modify the conventional cavity magnomechanics that possesses only a radiation-pressure-like magnomechanical coupling. Three different kinds of nonlinearities are identified and distinguished in the experiment. Our Letter demonstrates a new mechanism for achieving mechanical bistability by combining magnetostriction and Kerr-type nonlinearities, and indicates that such Kerr-modified cavity magnomechanics provides a unique platform for studying many distinct nonlinearities in a single experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Chang Shen
- Interdisciplinary Center of Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device, School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jie Li
- Interdisciplinary Center of Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device, School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhi-Yuan Fan
- Interdisciplinary Center of Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device, School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yi-Pu Wang
- Interdisciplinary Center of Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device, School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - J Q You
- Interdisciplinary Center of Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device, School of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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12
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Henriques JCG, Antão TVC, Peres NMR. Laser induced enhanced coupling between photons and squeezed magnons in antiferromagnets. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:245802. [PMID: 35420060 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac5f61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we consider a honeycomb antiferromagnet subject to an external laser field. Obtaining a time-independent effective Hamiltonian, we find that the external laser renormalizes the exchange interaction between the in-plane components of the spin-operators, and induces a synthetic Dzyaloshinskii-Moria interaction (DMI) between second neighbors. The former allows the control of the magnon dispersion's bandwidth and the latter breaks time-reversal symmetry inducing non-reciprocity in momentum space. The eigen-excitations of the system correspond to squeezed magnons whose squeezing parameters depend on the properties of the laser. When studying how these spin excitations couple with cavity photons, we obtain a coupling strength which can be enhanced by an order of magnitude via careful tuning of the laser's intensity, when compared to the case where the laser is absent. The transmission plots through the cavity are presented, allowing the mapping of the magnons' dispersion relation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C G Henriques
- Department and Centre of Physics, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - T V C Antão
- Department and Centre of Physics, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - N M R Peres
- Department and Centre of Physics, University of Minho, Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory (INL), Av. Mestre Jose Veiga, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal
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13
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Li Y, Yefremenko VG, Lisovenko M, Trevillian C, Polakovic T, Cecil TW, Barry PS, Pearson J, Divan R, Tyberkevych V, Chang CL, Welp U, Kwok WK, Novosad V. Coherent Coupling of Two Remote Magnonic Resonators Mediated by Superconducting Circuits. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:047701. [PMID: 35148146 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.047701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate microwave-mediated distant magnon-magnon coupling on a superconducting circuit platform, incorporating chip-mounted single-crystal Y_{3}Fe_{5}O_{12} (YIG) spheres. Coherent level repulsion and dissipative level attraction between the magnon modes of the two YIG spheres are demonstrated. The former is mediated by cavity photons of a superconducting resonator, and the latter is mediated by propagating photons of a coplanar waveguide. Our results open new avenues toward exploring integrated hybrid magnonic networks for coherent information processing on a quantum-compatible superconducting platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | | | - Marharyta Lisovenko
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Cody Trevillian
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, USA
| | - Tomas Polakovic
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Thomas W Cecil
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Peter S Barry
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - John Pearson
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Ralu Divan
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Vasyl Tyberkevych
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, USA
| | - Clarence L Chang
- High Energy Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Ulrich Welp
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Wai-Kwong Kwok
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Valentine Novosad
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
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14
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Shen RC, Wang YP, Li J, Zhu SY, Agarwal GS, You JQ. Long-Time Memory and Ternary Logic Gate Using a Multistable Cavity Magnonic System. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:183202. [PMID: 34767406 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.183202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Multistability is an extraordinary nonlinear property of dynamical systems and can be explored to implement memory and switches. Here we experimentally realize the tristability in a three-mode cavity magnonic system with Kerr nonlinearity. The three stable states in the tristable region correspond to the stable solutions of the frequency shift of the cavity magnon polariton under specific driving conditions. We find that the system staying in which stable state depends on the history experienced by the system, and this state can be harnessed to store the history information. In our experiment, the memory time can reach as long as 5.11 s. Moreover, we demonstrate the ternary logic gate with good on-off characteristics using this multistable hybrid system. Our new findings pave a way towards cavity magnonics-based information storage and processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Chang Shen
- Interdisciplinary Center of Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yi-Pu Wang
- Interdisciplinary Center of Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jie Li
- Interdisciplinary Center of Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Shi-Yao Zhu
- Interdisciplinary Center of Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - G S Agarwal
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Texas AM University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - J Q You
- Interdisciplinary Center of Quantum Information, State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, and Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Quantum Technology and Device, Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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15
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Sun FX, Zheng SS, Xiao Y, Gong Q, He Q, Xia K. Remote Generation of Magnon Schrödinger Cat State via Magnon-Photon Entanglement. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 127:087203. [PMID: 34477416 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.087203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The magnon cat state represents a macroscopic quantum superposition of collective magnetic excitations of large number spins that not only provides fundamental tests of macroscopic quantum effects but also finds applications in quantum metrology and quantum computation. In particular, remote generation and manipulation of Schrödinger cat states are particularly interesting for the development of long-distance and large-scale quantum information processing. Here, we propose an approach to remotely prepare magnon even or odd cat states by performing local non-Gaussian operations on the optical mode that is entangled with the magnon mode through pulsed optomagnonic interaction. By evaluating key properties of the resulting cat states, we show that for experimentally feasible parameters, they are generated with both high fidelity and nonclassicality, as well as with a size large enough to be useful for quantum technologies. Furthermore, the effects of experimental imperfections such as the error of projective measurements and dark count when performing single-photon operations have been discussed, where the lifetime of the created magnon cat states is expected to be t∼1 μs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Xiao Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-Optoelectronics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Sha-Sha Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-Optoelectronics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Yang Xiao
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China
| | - Qihuang Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-Optoelectronics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
- Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Peking University, Nantong 226010, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiongyi He
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics, Frontiers Science Center for Nano-Optoelectronics, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
- Yangtze Delta Institute of Optoelectronics, Peking University, Nantong 226010, Jiangsu, China
| | - Ke Xia
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
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16
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Kong C, Bao XM, Liu JB, Xiong H. Magnon-mediated nonreciprocal microwave transmission based on quantum interference. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:25477-25487. [PMID: 34614878 DOI: 10.1364/oe.430619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nonreciprocity has always been a subject of interest and plays a key role in a variety of applications like signal processing and noise isolation. In this work, we propose a simple and feasible scheme to implement nonreciprocal microwave transmission in a high-quality-factor superconducting cavity with ferrimagnetic materials. We derive necessary requirements to create nonreciprocity in our system where a magnon mode and two microwave modes are coupled to each other, highlighting the adjustability of a static magnetic field controlled nonreciprocal transmission based on quantum interference between different transmission paths, which breaks time-reversal symmetry of the three-mode cavity magnonics system. The high light isolation adjusted within a range of different magnetic fields can be obtained by modulating the photon-magnon coupling strength. Due to the simplicity of the device and the system tunability, our results may facilitate potential applications for light magnetic sensing and coherent information processing.
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17
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Abstract
Scalable quantum information systems would store, manipulate, and transmit quantum information locally and across a quantum network, but no single qubit technology is currently robust enough to perform all necessary tasks. Defect centers in solid-state materials have emerged as potential intermediaries between other physical manifestations of qubits, such as superconducting qubits and photonic qubits, to leverage their complementary advantages. It remains an open question, however, how to design and to control quantum interfaces to defect centers. Such interfaces would enable quantum information to be moved seamlessly between different physical systems. Understanding and constructing the required interfaces would, therefore, unlock the next big steps in quantum computing, sensing, and communications. In this Perspective, we highlight promising coupling mechanisms, including dipole-, phonon-, and magnon-mediated interactions, and discuss how contributions from nanotechnologists will be paramount in realizing quantum information processors in the near-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Derek S Wang
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Michael Haas
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Prineha Narang
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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18
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Rao JW, Xu PC, Gui YS, Wang YP, Yang Y, Yao B, Dietrich J, Bridges GE, Fan XL, Xue DS, Hu CM. Interferometric control of magnon-induced nearly perfect absorption in cavity magnonics. Nat Commun 2021; 12:1933. [PMID: 33772003 PMCID: PMC7997962 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-22171-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The perfect absorption of electromagnetic waves has promoted many applications, including photovoltaics, radar cloaking, and molecular detection. Unlike conventional methods of critical coupling that require asymmetric boundaries or coherent perfect absorption that require multiple coherent incident beams, here we demonstrate single-beam perfect absorption in an on-chip cavity magnonic device without breaking its boundary symmetry. By exploiting magnon-mediated interference between two internal channels, both reflection and transmission of our device can be suppressed to zero, resulting in magnon-induced nearly perfect absorption (MIPA). Such interference can be tuned by the strength and direction of an external magnetic field, thus showing versatile controllability. Furthermore, the same multi-channel interference responsible for MIPA also produces level attraction (LA)-like hybridization between a cavity magnon polariton mode and a cavity photon mode, demonstrating that LA-like hybridization can be surprisingly realized in a coherently coupled system.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Rao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - P C Xu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - Y S Gui
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - Y P Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - Y Yang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - Bimu Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China.
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - J Dietrich
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - G E Bridges
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - X L Fan
- The Key Lab for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - D S Xue
- The Key Lab for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - C-M Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, R3T 2N2.
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19
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Luo DW, Qian XF, Yu T. Nonlocal magnon entanglement generation in coupled hybrid cavity systems. OPTICS LETTERS 2021; 46:1073-1076. [PMID: 33649660 DOI: 10.1364/ol.414975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigate dynamical generation of macroscopic nonlocal entanglements between two remote massive magnon-superconducting-circuit hybrid systems. Two fiber-coupled microwave cavities are employed to serve as an interaction channel connecting two sets of macroscopic hybrid units, each containing a magnon (hosted by an yttrium-iron-garnet sphere) and a superconducting-circuit qubit. Surprisingly, it is found that stronger coupling does not necessarily mean faster entanglement generation. The proposed hybrid system allows the existence of an optimal fiber coupling strength that requires the shortest amount of time to generate a systematic maximal entanglement. Our theoretical results are shown to be within the scope of specific parameters that can be achieved with current technology. The noise effects on the implementation of systems are also treated in a general environment, suggesting the robustness of entanglement generation. Our discrete-variable qubit-like entanglement theory of magnons may lead to direct applications in various quantum information tasks.
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20
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Neuman T, Wang DS, Narang P. Nanomagnonic Cavities for Strong Spin-Magnon Coupling and Magnon-Mediated Spin-Spin Interactions. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:247702. [PMID: 33412028 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.247702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We present a theoretical approach to use ferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic nanoparticles as microwave nanomagnonic cavities to concentrate microwave magnetic fields into deeply subwavelength volumes ∼10^{-13} mm^{3}. We show that the field in such nanocavities can efficiently couple to isolated spin emitters (spin qubits) positioned close to the nanoparticle surface reaching the single magnon-spin strong-coupling regime and mediate efficient long-range quantum state transfers between isolated spin emitters. Nanomagnonic cavities thus pave the way toward magnon-based quantum networks and magnon-mediated quantum gates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Neuman
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Derek S Wang
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Prineha Narang
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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21
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Liu ZX, Xiong H. Magnon laser based on Brillouin light scattering. OPTICS LETTERS 2020; 45:5452-5455. [PMID: 33001917 DOI: 10.1364/ol.401689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An analogous laser action of magnons has become a subject of interest, and it is crucial for the study of nonlinear magnons spintronics. In this Letter, we demonstrate the magnon laser behavior based on Brillouin light scattering in a ferrimagnetic insulator sphere, which supports optical whispering gallery modes and magnon resonances. We show that the excited magnon plays what has traditionally been the role of the Stokes wave and is coherently amplified during the Brillouin scattering process, making the magnon laser possible. Furthermore, the stimulating excited magnon number increasing exponentially with the input light power can be manipulated by adjusting the external magnetic field. In addition to providing insight into magneto-optical interaction, the study of the magnon laser action will help to develop novel, to the best of our knowledge, technologies for handling spin-wave excitations, and it could affect scientific fields beyond magnonics. Potential applications range from preparing coherent magnon sources to operating on-chip functional magnetic devices.
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22
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Shim J, Kim SJ, Kim SK, Lee KJ. Enhanced Magnon-Photon Coupling at the Angular Momentum Compensation Point of Ferrimagnets. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:027205. [PMID: 32701310 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.027205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We theoretically show that the coupling between magnons in an antiferromagnetically coupled ferrimagnet and microwave photons in a cavity is largely enhanced at the angular momentum compensation point (T_{A}) when T_{A} is distinct from the magnetization compensation point. The origin of the enhanced magnon-photon coupling at T_{A} is identified as the antiferromagnetic spin dynamics combined with a finite magnetization. Moreover, we show that strong magnon-photon coupling can be achieved at high excitation frequency in a ferrimagnet, which is challenging to achieve for a ferromagnet due to low magnon frequency and for an antiferromagnet due to weak magnon-photon coupling. Our results will invigorate research on magnon-photon coupling by proposing ferrimagnets as a versatile platform that offers advantages of both ferromagnets and antiferromagnets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaechul Shim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
- Semiconductor R&D Center, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Hwaseong, Gyeonggi 18448, Korea
| | - Seok-Jong Kim
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Se Kwon Kim
- Department of Physics, KAIST, Daejeon 34141, Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
| | - Kyung-Jin Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
- KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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23
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Yu T, Zhang YX, Sharma S, Zhang X, Blanter YM, Bauer GEW. Magnon Accumulation in Chirally Coupled Magnets. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:107202. [PMID: 32216419 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.107202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report strong chiral coupling between magnons and photons in microwave waveguides that contain chains of small magnets on special lines. Large magnon accumulations at one edge of the chain emerge when exciting the magnets by a phased antenna array. This mechanism holds the promise of new functionalities in nonlinear and quantum magnonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Yu
- Kavli Institute of NanoScience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
| | - Yu-Xiang Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Sanchar Sharma
- Kavli Institute of NanoScience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Kavli Institute of NanoScience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
| | - Yaroslav M Blanter
- Kavli Institute of NanoScience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
| | - Gerrit E W Bauer
- Kavli Institute of NanoScience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, Netherlands
- Institute for Materials Research and WPI-AIMR and CSRN, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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24
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Yuan HY, Yan P, Zheng S, He QY, Xia K, Yung MH. Steady Bell State Generation via Magnon-Photon Coupling. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 124:053602. [PMID: 32083914 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.053602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We show that parity-time (PT) symmetry can be spontaneously broken in the recently reported energy level attraction of magnons and cavity photons. In the PT-broken phase, the magnon and photon form a high-fidelity Bell state with maximum entanglement. This entanglement is steady and robust against the perturbation of the environment, which is in contrast to the general wisdom that expects instability of the hybridized state when the symmetry is broken. This anomaly is further understood by the compete of non-Hermitian evolution and particle number conservation of the hybrid system. As a comparison, neither PT-symmetry breaking nor steady magnon-photon entanglement is observed inside the normal level repulsion case. Our results may open an exciting window to utilize magnon-photon entanglement as a resource for quantum information science.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Y Yuan
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Peng Yan
- School of Electronic Science and Engineering and State Key Laboratory of Thin Films and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610054, China
| | - Shasha Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-Optoelectronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Q Y He
- State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics, School of Physics and Frontiers Science Center for Nano-Optoelectronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
| | - Ke Xia
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Man-Hong Yung
- Institute for Quantum Science and Engineering and Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Quantum Science and Engineering, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Central Research Institute, Huawei Technologies, Shenzhen 518129, China
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25
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Han W, Maekawa S, Xie XC. Spin current as a probe of quantum materials. NATURE MATERIALS 2020; 19:139-152. [PMID: 31451780 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-019-0456-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Spin current historically referred to the flow of electrons carrying spin information, in particular since the discovery of giant magnetoresistance in the 1980s. Recently, it has been found that spin current can also be mediated by spin-triplet supercurrent, superconducting quasiparticles, spinons, magnons, spin superfluidity and so on. Here, we review key progress concerning the developing research direction utilizing spin current as a probe of quantum materials. We focus on spin-triplet superconductivity and spin dynamics in the ferromagnet/superconductor heterostructures, quantum spin liquids, magnetic phase transitions, magnon-polarons, magnon-polaritons, magnon Bose-Einstein condensates and spin superfluidity. The unique characteristics of spin current as a probe will be fruitful for future investigation of spin-dependent properties and the identification of new quantum materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Han
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China.
| | - Sadamichi Maekawa
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako, Japan
- Kavli Institute for Theoretical Sciences (KITS), University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Cheng Xie
- International Center for Quantum Materials, School of Physics, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Topological Quantum Computation, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, China
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26
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Yu W, Wang J, Yuan HY, Xiao J. Prediction of Attractive Level Crossing via a Dissipative Mode. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:227201. [PMID: 31868418 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.227201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The new field of spin cavitronics focuses on the interaction between the magnon excitation of a magnetic element and the electromagnetic wave in a microwave cavity. In the strong interaction regime, such an interaction usually gives rise to the level anticrossing for the magnonic and the electromagnetic mode. Recently, the attractive level crossing has been observed, and it is explained by a non-Hermitian model Hamiltonian. However, the mechanism of such attractive coupling is still unclear. We reveal the secret by using a simple model with two harmonic oscillators coupled to a third oscillator with large dissipation. We further identify this dissipative third party as the invisible cavity mode with large leakage in cavity-magnon experiments. This understanding enables one to design dissipative coupling in all sorts of coupled systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weichao Yu
- Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
| | - Jiongjie Wang
- Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - H Y Yuan
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Jiang Xiao
- Department of Physics and State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Institute for Nanoelectronics Devices and Quantum Computing, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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27
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Liu H, Sun D, Zhang C, Groesbeck M, Mclaughlin R, Vardeny ZV. Observation of exceptional points in magnonic parity-time symmetry devices. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2019; 5:eaax9144. [PMID: 31803837 PMCID: PMC6874485 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax9144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians may still have real eigenvalues, provided that a combined parity-time (ƤƮ) symmetry exists. The prospect of ƤƮ symmetry has been explored in several physical systems such as photonics, acoustics, and electronics. The eigenvalues in these systems undergo a transition from real to complex at exceptional points (EPs), where the ƤƮ symmetry is broken. Here, we demonstrate the existence of EP in magnonic devices composed of two coupled magnets with different magnon losses. The eigenfrequencies and damping rates change from crossing to anti-crossing at the EP when the coupling strength increases. The magnonic dispersion includes a strong "acoustic-like" mode and a weak "optic-like" mode. Moreover, upon microwave radiation, the ƤƮ magnonic devices act as magnon resonant cavity with unique response compared to conventional magnonic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoliang Liu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Dali Sun
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
| | - Chuang Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Matthew Groesbeck
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Ryan Mclaughlin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Z. Valy Vardeny
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
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28
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Li Y, Polakovic T, Wang YL, Xu J, Lendinez S, Zhang Z, Ding J, Khaire T, Saglam H, Divan R, Pearson J, Kwok WK, Xiao Z, Novosad V, Hoffmann A, Zhang W. Strong Coupling between Magnons and Microwave Photons in On-Chip Ferromagnet-Superconductor Thin-Film Devices. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:107701. [PMID: 31573284 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.107701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate strong magnon-photon coupling of a thin-film Permalloy device fabricated on a coplanar superconducting resonator. A coupling strength of 0.152 GHz and a cooperativity of 68 are found for a 30-nm-thick Permalloy stripe. The coupling strength is tunable by rotating the biasing magnetic field or changing the volume of Permalloy. We also observe an enhancement of magnon-photon coupling in the nonlinear regime of the superconducting resonator, which is attributed to the nucleation of dynamic flux vortices. Our results demonstrate a critical step towards future integrated hybrid systems for quantum magnonics and on-chip coherent information transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Li
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, USA
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Tomas Polakovic
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Yong-Lei Wang
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics, School of Electronic Science and Engineering, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, Dekalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - Sergi Lendinez
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Zhizhi Zhang
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Junjia Ding
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Trupti Khaire
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Hilal Saglam
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago Illinois 60616, USA
| | - Ralu Divan
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - John Pearson
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Wai-Kwong Kwok
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Zhili Xiao
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Department of Physics, Northern Illinois University, Dekalb, Illinois 60115, USA
| | - Valentine Novosad
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Axel Hoffmann
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, USA
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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29
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Hou JT, Liu L. Strong Coupling between Microwave Photons and Nanomagnet Magnons. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2019; 123:107702. [PMID: 31573285 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.107702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Coupled microwave photon-magnon hybrid systems offer promising applications by harnessing various magnon physics. At present, in order to realize high coupling strength between the two subsystems, bulky ferromagnets with large spin numbers are utilized, which limits their potential applications for scalable quantum information processing. By enhancing single spin coupling strength using lithographically defined superconducting resonators, we report high cooperativities between a resonator mode and a Kittel mode in nanometer thick Permalloy wires. The on-chip, lithographically scalable, and superconducting quantum circuit compatible design provides a direct route towards realizing hybrid quantum systems with nanomagnets, whose coupling strength can be precisely engineered and dynamic properties can be controlled by various mechanisms derived from spintronic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin T Hou
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Luqiao Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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30
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31
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Rao JW, Kaur S, Yao BM, Edwards ERJ, Zhao YT, Fan X, Xue D, Silva TJ, Gui YS, Hu CM. Analogue of dynamic Hall effect in cavity magnon polariton system and coherently controlled logic device. Nat Commun 2019; 10:2934. [PMID: 31270322 PMCID: PMC6610622 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11021-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cavity magnon polaritons are mixed quasiparticles that arise from the strong coupling between cavity photons and quantized magnons. Combining high-speed photons with long-coherence-time magnons, such polaritons promise to be a potential candidate for quantum information processing. For harnessing coherent information contained in spatially distributed polariton states, it is highly desirable to manipulate cavity magnon polaritons in a two-dimensional system. Here, we demonstrate that tunable cavity magnon polariton transport can be achieved by strongly coupling magnons to microwave photons in a cross-cavity. An analog to the dynamic Hall effect has been demonstrated in a planar cavity spintronic device, where the propagation of cavity-magnon-polaritons is deflected transversally due to hybrid magnon-photon dynamics. Implementing this device as a Michelson-type interferometer using the coherent nature of the dynamic Hall and longitudinal signals, we have developed a proof-of-principle logic device to control the amplitude of cavity-magnon-polaritons by encoding the input microwave phase. Exploring photon-polariton interactions advances not only the understanding of polariton dynamics but also the modern technologies. Here the authors take advantage of strong coupled magnons and microwave photons in a cross-cavity to achieve tunable cavity magnon polariton transport which can be potentially applied as logic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Rao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T 2N2, Canada.,The Key Lab for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - S Kaur
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - B M Yao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T 2N2, Canada. .,State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, People's Republic of China.
| | - E R J Edwards
- Quantum Electromagnetics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, 80305, USA
| | - Y T Zhao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Xiaolong Fan
- The Key Lab for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Desheng Xue
- The Key Lab for Magnetism and Magnetic Materials of Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - T J Silva
- Quantum Electromagnetics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, CO, 80305, USA
| | - Y S Gui
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - C-M Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3T 2N2, Canada.
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32
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Harder M, Yang Y, Yao BM, Yu CH, Rao JW, Gui YS, Stamps RL, Hu CM. Level Attraction Due to Dissipative Magnon-Photon Coupling. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:137203. [PMID: 30312103 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.137203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report dissipative magnon-photon coupling caused by the cavity Lenz effect, where the magnons in a magnet induce a rf current in the cavity, leading to a cavity backaction that impedes the magnetization dynamics. This effect is revealed in our experiment as level attraction with a coalescence of hybridized magnon-photon modes, which is distinctly different from level repulsion with mode anticrossing caused by coherent magnon-photon coupling. We develop a method to control the interpolation of coherent and dissipative magnon-photon coupling, and observe a matching condition where the two effects cancel. Our work sheds light on the so-far hidden side of magnon-photon coupling, opening a new avenue for controlling and utilizing light-matter interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Harder
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Y Yang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3T 2N2, Canada
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - B M Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China
| | - C H Yu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3T 2N2, Canada
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of ASIC Design, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - J W Rao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Y S Gui
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - R L Stamps
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - C-M Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg R3T 2N2, Canada
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33
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Sharma S, Blanter YM, Bauer GEW. Optical Cooling of Magnons. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:087205. [PMID: 30192616 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.087205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Inelastic scattering of light by spin waves generates an energy flow between the light and magnetization fields, a process that can be enhanced and controlled by concentrating the light in magneto-optical resonators. Here, we model the cooling of a sphere made of a magnetic insulator, such as yttrium iron garnet, using a monochromatic laser source. When the magnon lifetimes are much larger than the optical ones, we can treat the latter as a Markovian bath for magnons. The steady-state magnons are canonically distributed with a temperature that is controlled by the light intensity. We predict that such a cooling process can significantly reduce the temperature of the magnetic order within current technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanchar Sharma
- Kavli Institute of NanoScience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Yaroslav M Blanter
- Kavli Institute of NanoScience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Gerrit E W Bauer
- Kavli Institute of NanoScience, Delft University of Technology, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands
- Institute for Materials Research & WPI-AIMR & CSRN, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
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34
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Johansen Ø, Brataas A. Nonlocal Coupling between Antiferromagnets and Ferromagnets in Cavities. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:087204. [PMID: 30192613 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.087204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Microwaves couple to magnetic moments in both ferromagnets and antiferromagnets. Although the magnons in ferromagnets and antiferromagnets radically differ, they can become entangled via strong coupling to the same microwave mode in a cavity. The equilibrium configuration of the magnetic moments crucially governs the coupling between the different magnons, because the antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic magnons have opposite spins when their dispersion relations cross. We derive analytical expressions for the coupling strengths and find that the coupling between antiferromagnets and ferromagnets is comparable to the coupling between two ferromagnets. Our findings reveal a robust link between cavity spintronics with ferromagnets and antiferromagnets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Øyvind Johansen
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
| | - Arne Brataas
- Center for Quantum Spintronics, Department of Physics, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NO-7491 Trondheim, Norway
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35
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Liu ZX, Wang B, Xiong H, Wu Y. Magnon-induced high-order sideband generation. OPTICS LETTERS 2018; 43:3698-3701. [PMID: 30067658 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.003698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Magnon Kerr nonlinearity plays a crucial role in the study of an optomagnonical system and may bring many interesting physical phenomena and important applications. In this Letter, we report the investigation of high-order sideband generation induced by magnon Kerr nonlinearity in an optomagnonical system, which is still unexplored in this emerging research field. We uncover that the microwave driving field plays a significant role in manipulating the generation and amplification of the higher-order sidebands and, more importantly, the sideband spacing can be regulated by controlling the beat frequency between the pump laser and the probe laser, which is extremely eventful for the spacing modulation of the sideband frequency comb. Based on the recent experimental progress, our results will deepen our cognition into optomagnonical nonlinearity and may find fundamental applications in optical frequency metrology and optical communications.
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36
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Jiang HH, Xiao Y, Hu CM, Guo H, Xia K. Effect of magnetization boundary condition on cavity magnon polariton of YIG thin film. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:254002. [PMID: 29596061 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aababf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Motivated by recent studies of cavity magnon polariton (CMP), we extended a previous theoretical work to generalize microwave transmission calculation with various magnetization boundary condition of YIG thin film embedded in cavity. It is found that numerical implementation given in this paper can be easily applied to other magnetization boundary condition and extended to magnetic multilayers. Numerical results show that ferromagnetic resonance mode of microwave transmission spectrum, which is absent in previous calculation, can be recovered by altering the pinning condition of surface spins. The demonstrated reliability of our theory opens attractive perspectives for studying CMP of thin film with complicated surface magnetization distribution and magnetic multilayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Jiang
- The Center for Advanced Quantum Studies and Department of Physics, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
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37
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Wang YP, Zhang GQ, Zhang D, Li TF, Hu CM, You JQ. Bistability of Cavity Magnon Polaritons. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:057202. [PMID: 29481165 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.057202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report the first observation of the magnon-polariton bistability in a cavity magnonics system consisting of cavity photons strongly interacting with the magnons in a small yttrium iron garnet (YIG) sphere. The bistable behaviors emerged as sharp frequency switchings of the cavity magnon polaritons (CMPs) and related to the transition between states with large and small numbers of polaritons. In our experiment, we align, respectively, the [100] and [110] crystallographic axes of the YIG sphere parallel to the static magnetic field and find very different bistable behaviors (e.g., clockwise and counter-clockwise hysteresis loops) in these two cases. The experimental results are well fitted and explained as being due to the Kerr nonlinearity with either a positive or negative coefficient. Moreover, when the magnetic field is tuned away from the anticrossing point of CMPs, we observe simultaneous bistability of both magnons and cavity photons by applying a drive field on the lower branch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Pu Wang
- Quantum Physics and Quantum Information Division, Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Zhang
- Quantum Physics and Quantum Information Division, Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Dengke Zhang
- Quantum Physics and Quantum Information Division, Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tie-Fu Li
- Quantum Physics and Quantum Information Division, Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
- Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua National Laboratory of Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - C-M Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - J Q You
- Quantum Physics and Quantum Information Division, Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing 100193, China
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38
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Yao B, Gui YS, Rao JW, Kaur S, Chen XS, Lu W, Xiao Y, Guo H, Marzlin KP, Hu CM. Cooperative polariton dynamics in feedback-coupled cavities. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1437. [PMID: 29127391 PMCID: PMC5681655 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01796-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The emerging field of cavity spintronics utilizes the cavity magnon polariton (CMP) induced by magnon Rabi oscillations. In contrast to a single-spin quantum system, such a cooperative spin dynamics in the linear regime is governed by the classical physics of harmonic oscillators. It makes the magnon Rabi frequency independent of the photon Fock state occupation, and thereby restricts the quantum application of CMP. Here we show that a feedback cavity architecture breaks the harmonic-oscillator restriction. By increasing the feedback photon number, we observe an increase in the Rabi frequency, accompanied with the evolution of CMP to a cavity magnon triplet and a cavity magnon quintuplet. We present a theory that explains these features. Our results reveal the physics of cooperative polariton dynamics in feedback-coupled cavities, and open up new avenues for exploiting the light-matter interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bimu Yao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - Y S Gui
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - J W Rao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - S Kaur
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2
| | - X S Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China
| | - W Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Infrared Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200083, China.
| | - Y Xiao
- College of Science, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - H Guo
- Department of Physics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada, H3A 2T8
| | - K -P Marzlin
- Department of Physics, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, Nova Scotia, Canada, B2G 2W5
- Department of Physics and Atmospheric Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, B3H 4R2
| | - C -M Hu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2.
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39
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Zhang D, Luo XQ, Wang YP, Li TF, You JQ. Observation of the exceptional point in cavity magnon-polaritons. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1368. [PMID: 29116092 PMCID: PMC5676766 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01634-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnon-polaritons are hybrid light-matter quasiparticles originating from the strong coupling between magnons and photons. They have emerged as a potential candidate for implementing quantum transducers and memories. Owing to the dampings of both photons and magnons, the polaritons have limited lifetimes. However, stationary magnon-polariton states can be reached by a dynamical balance between pumping and losses, so the intrinsically nonequilibrium system may be described by a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. Here we design a tunable cavity quantum electrodynamics system with a small ferromagnetic sphere in a microwave cavity and engineer the dissipations of photons and magnons to create cavity magnon-polaritons which have non-Hermitian spectral degeneracies. By tuning the magnon-photon coupling strength, we observe the polaritonic coherent perfect absorption and demonstrate the phase transition at the exceptional point. Our experiment offers a novel macroscopic quantum platform to explore the non-Hermitian physics of the cavity magnon-polaritons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dengke Zhang
- Quantum Physics and Quantum Information Division, Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, 100193, China.,Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0FA, UK
| | - Xiao-Qing Luo
- Quantum Physics and Quantum Information Division, Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yi-Pu Wang
- Quantum Physics and Quantum Information Division, Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Tie-Fu Li
- Institute of Microelectronics, Tsinghua National Laboratory of Information Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - J Q You
- Quantum Physics and Quantum Information Division, Beijing Computational Science Research Center, Beijing, 100193, China.
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40
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Zhang X, Zou CL, Jiang L, Tang HX. Strongly coupled magnons and cavity microwave photons. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:156401. [PMID: 25375725 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.156401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We realize a cavity magnon-microwave photon system in which a magnetic dipole interaction mediates strong coupling between the collective motion of a large number of spins in a ferrimagnet and the microwave field in a three-dimensional cavity. By scaling down the cavity size and increasing the number of spins, an ultrastrong coupling regime is achieved with a cooperativity reaching 12,600. Interesting dynamic features including classical Rabi-like oscillation, magnetically induced transparency, and the Purcell effect are demonstrated in this highly versatile platform, highlighting its great potential for coherent information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufeng Zhang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Chang-Ling Zou
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA and Key Lab of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Jiang
- Department of Applied Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
| | - Hong X Tang
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA
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41
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Huebl H, Zollitsch CW, Lotze J, Hocke F, Greifenstein M, Marx A, Gross R, Goennenwein STB. High cooperativity in coupled microwave resonator ferrimagnetic insulator hybrids. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 111:127003. [PMID: 24093293 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.127003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of strong coupling between the exchange-coupled spins in a gallium-doped yttrium iron garnet and a superconducting coplanar microwave resonator made from Nb. The measured coupling rate of 450 MHz is proportional to the square root of the number of exchange-coupled spins and well exceeds the loss rate of 50 MHz of the spin system. This demonstrates that exchange-coupled systems are suitable for cavity quantum electrodynamics experiments, while allowing high integration densities due to their spin densities of the order of one Bohr magneton per atom. Our results furthermore show, that experiments with multiple exchange-coupled spin systems interacting via a single resonator are within reach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Huebl
- Walther-Meißner-Institut, Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften, 85748 Garching, Germany
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42
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Rungsawang R, Perez F, Oustinov D, Gómez J, Kolkovsky V, Karczewski G, Wojtowicz T, Madéo J, Jukam N, Dhillon S, Tignon J. Terahertz radiation from magnetic excitations in diluted magnetic semiconductors. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2013; 110:177203. [PMID: 23679765 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.177203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Revised: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
We probed, in the time domain, the THz electromagnetic radiation originating from spins in CdMnTe diluted magnetic semiconductor quantum wells containing high-mobility electron gas. Taking advantage of the efficient Raman generation process, the spin precession was induced by low power near-infrared pulses. We provide a full theoretical first-principles description of spin-wave generation, spin precession, and of emission of THz radiation. Our results open new perspectives for improved control of the direct coupling between spin and an electromagnetic field, e.g., by using semiconductor technology to insert the THz sources in cavities or pillars.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rungsawang
- Laboratoire Pierre Aigrain, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS (UMR 8551), Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Université D. Diderot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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