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Olejarz A, Podgórski T. No evidence for the consistent effect of supplementary feeding on home range size in terrestrial mammals. Proc Biol Sci 2024; 291:20232889. [PMID: 38864336 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.2889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Food availability and distribution are key drivers of animal space use. Supplemental food provided by humans can be more abundant and predictable than natural resources. It is thus believed that supplementary feeding modifies the spatial behaviour of wildlife. Yet, such effects have not been tested quantitatively across species. Here, we analysed changes in home range size owing to supplementary feeding in 23 species of terrestrial mammals using a meta-analysis of 28 studies. Additionally, we investigated the moderating effect of factors related to (i) species biology (sex, body mass and taxonomic group), (ii) feeding regimen (duration, amount and purpose), and (iii) methods of data collection and analysis (source of data, estimator and spatial confinement). We found no consistent effect of supplementary feeding on changes in home range size. While an overall tendency of reduced home range was observed, moderators varied in the direction and strength of the trends. Our results suggest that multiple drivers and complex mechanisms of home range behaviour can make it insensitive to manipulation with supplementary feeding. The small number of available studies stands in contrast with the ubiquity and magnitude of supplementary feeding worldwide, highlighting a knowledge gap in our understanding of the effects of supplementary feeding on ranging behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Astrid Olejarz
- Department of Game Management and Wildlife Biology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6-Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic
| | - Tomasz Podgórski
- Department of Game Management and Wildlife Biology, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, Prague 6-Suchdol, 165 00, Czech Republic
- Mammal Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Stoczek 1, 17-230 Białowieża, Poland
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2
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Wehr NH, Moore SA, Isaac EJ, Kellner KF, Millspaugh JJ, Belant JL. Spatial overlap of gray wolves and ungulate prey changes seasonally corresponding to prey migration. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2024; 12:33. [PMID: 38671527 PMCID: PMC11046751 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-024-00466-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prey are more vulnerable during migration due to decreased familiarity with their surroundings and spatially concentrated movements. Predators may respond to increased prey vulnerability by shifting their ranges to match prey. Moose (Alces alces) and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) are primary gray wolf (Canis lupus) prey and important subsistence species for Indigenous communities. We hypothesized wolves would increase use of ungulate migration corridors during migrations and predicted wolf distributions would overlap primary available prey. METHODS We examined seasonal gray wolf, moose, and white-tailed deer movements on and near the Grand Portage Indian Reservation, Minnesota, USA. We analyzed GPS collar data during 2012-2021 using Brownian bridge movement models (BBMM) in Migration Mapper and mechanistic range shift analysis (MRSA) to estimate individual- and population-level occurrence distributions and determine the status and timing of range shifts. We estimated proportional overlap of wolf distributions with moose and deer distributions and tested for differences among seasons, prey populations, and wolf sex and pack affiliations. RESULTS We identified a single migration corridor through which white-tailed deer synchronously departed in April and returned in October-November. Gray wolf distributions overlapped the deer migration corridor similarly year-round, but wolves altered within-range distributions seasonally corresponding to prey distributions. Seasonal wolf distributions had the greatest overlap with deer during fall migration (10 October-28 November) and greatest overlap with moose during summer (3 May-9 October). CONCLUSIONS Gray wolves did not increase their use of the white-tailed deer migration corridor but altered distributions within their territories in response to seasonal prey distributions. Greater overlap of wolves and white-tailed deer in fall may be due to greater predation success facilitated by asynchronous deer migration movements. Greater summer overlap between wolves and moose may be linked to moose calf vulnerability, American beaver (Castor canadensis) co-occurrence, and reduced deer abundance associated with migration. Our results suggest increases in predation pressure on deer in fall and moose in summer, which can inform Indigenous conservation efforts. We observed seasonal plasticity of wolf distributions suggestive of prey switching; that wolves did not exhibit migratory coupling was likely due to spatial constraints resulting from territoriality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel H Wehr
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
| | - Seth A Moore
- Department of Biology and Environment, Grand Portage Band of Lake Superior Chippewa, Grand Portage, MN, USA
| | - Edmund J Isaac
- Department of Biology and Environment, Grand Portage Band of Lake Superior Chippewa, Grand Portage, MN, USA
| | - Kenneth F Kellner
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Joshua J Millspaugh
- Wildlife Biology Program, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, W.A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
- Camp Fire Program in Wildlife Conservation, State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Jerrold L Belant
- Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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Thompson PR, Harrington PD, Mallory CD, Lele SR, Bayne EM, Derocher AE, Edwards MA, Campbell M, Lewis MA. Simultaneous estimation of the temporal and spatial extent of animal migration using step lengths and turning angles. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2024; 12:1. [PMID: 38191509 PMCID: PMC10775566 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-023-00444-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animals of many different species, trophic levels, and life history strategies migrate, and the improvement of animal tracking technology allows ecologists to collect increasing amounts of detailed data on these movements. Understanding when animals migrate is important for managing their populations, but is still difficult despite modelling advancements. METHODS We designed a model that parametrically estimates the timing of migration from animal tracking data. Our model identifies the beginning and end of migratory movements as signaled by change-points in step length and turning angle distributions. To this end, we can also use the model to estimate how an animal's movement changes when it begins migrating. In addition to a thorough simulation analysis, we tested our model on three datasets: migratory ferruginous hawks (Buteo regalis) in the Great Plains, barren-ground caribou (Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus) in northern Canada, and non-migratory brown bears (Ursus arctos) from the Canadian Arctic. RESULTS Our simulation analysis suggests that our model is most useful for datasets where an increase in movement speed or directional autocorrelation is clearly detectable. We estimated the beginning and end of migration in caribou and hawks to the nearest day, while confirming a lack of migratory behaviour in the brown bears. In addition to estimating when caribou and ferruginous hawks migrated, our model also identified differences in how they migrated; ferruginous hawks achieved efficient migrations by drastically increasing their movement rates while caribou migration was achieved through significant increases in directional persistence. CONCLUSIONS Our approach is applicable to many animal movement studies and includes parameters that can facilitate comparison between different species or datasets. We hope that rigorous assessment of migration metrics will aid understanding of both how and why animals move.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter R Thompson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Peter D Harrington
- Department of Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Subhash R Lele
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Erin M Bayne
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Andrew E Derocher
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Mark A Edwards
- Office of the Chief Scientist, Environment and Protected Areas, Government of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Mark A Lewis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Mathematical and Statistical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, Canada
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4
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Gundermann KP, Diefenbach DR, Walter WD, Corondi AM, Banfield JE, Wallingford BD, Stainbrook DP, Rosenberry CS, Buderman FE. Change-point models for identifying behavioral transitions in wild animals. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2023; 11:65. [PMID: 37864238 PMCID: PMC10589947 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-023-00430-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Animal behavior can be difficult, time-consuming, and costly to observe in the field directly. Innovative modeling methods, such as hidden Markov models (HMMs), allow researchers to infer unobserved animal behaviors from movement data, and implementations often assume that transitions between states occur multiple times. However, some behavioral shifts of interest, such as parturition, migration initiation, and juvenile dispersal, may only occur once during an observation period, and HMMs may not be the best approach to identify these changes. We present two change-point models for identifying single transitions in movement behavior: a location-based change-point model and a movement metric-based change-point model. We first conducted a simulation study to determine the ability of these models to detect a behavioral transition given different amounts of data and the degree of behavioral shifts. We then applied our models to two ungulate species in central Pennsylvania that were fitted with global positioning system collars and vaginal implant transmitters to test hypotheses related to parturition behavior. We fit these models in a Bayesian framework and directly compared the ability of each model to describe the parturition behavior across species. Our simulation study demonstrated that successful change point estimation using either model was possible given at least 12 h of post-change observations and 15 min fix interval. However, our models received mixed support among deer and elk in Pennsylvania due to behavioral variation between species and among individuals. Our results demonstrate that when the behavior follows the dynamics proposed by the two models, researchers can identify the timing of a behavioral change. Although we refer to detecting parturition events, our results can be applied to any behavior that results in a single change in time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen P Gundermann
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA.
| | - D R Diefenbach
- U. S. Geological Survey, Pennsylvania Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - W D Walter
- U. S. Geological Survey, Pennsylvania Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - A M Corondi
- Pennsylvania Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - J E Banfield
- Pennsylvania Game Commission, Harrisburg, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - F E Buderman
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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Warret Rodrigues C, Roth JD. Coexistence of two sympatric predators in a transitional ecosystem under constraining environmental conditions: a perspective from space and habitat use. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2023; 11:60. [PMID: 37784160 PMCID: PMC10544556 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-023-00421-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Range expansion of species, a major consequence of climate changes, may alter communities substantially due to competition between expanding and native species. METHODS We first quantified size differences between an expanding habitat generalist, the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), and a circumpolar habitat specialist, the Arctic foxes (Vulpes lagopus), at the edge of the Arctic, where climate-related changes occur rapidly, to predict the likelihood of the larger competitor escalating interference to intraguild killing. We then used satellite telemetry to evaluate competition in a heterogeneous landscape by examining space use early during the foxes' reproductive period, when resource scarcity, increased-food requirements and spatial constraints likely exacerbate the potential for interference. We used time-LoCoH to quantify space and habitat use, and Minta's index to quantify spatio-temporal interactions between neighbors. RESULTS Our morphometric comparison involving 236 foxes found that the potential for escalated interference between these species was high due to intermediate size difference. However, our results from 17 collared foxes suggested that expanding and native competitors may coexist when expanding species occur at low densities. Low home-range overlap between neighbors suggested territoriality and substantial exploitation competition for space. No obvious differential use of areas shared by heterospecific neighbors suggested low interference. If anything, intraspecific competition between red foxes may be stronger than interspecific competition. Red and Arctic foxes used habitat differentially, with near-exclusive use of forest patches by red foxes and marine habitats by Arctic foxes. CONCLUSION Heterogeneous landscapes may relax interspecific competition between expanding and native species, allowing exclusive use of some resources. Furthermore, the scarcity of habitats favored by expanding species may emphasize intraspecific competition between newcomers over interspecific competition, thus creating the potential for self-limitation of expanding populations. Dominant expanding competitors may benefit from interference, but usually lack adaptations to abiotic conditions at their expansion front, favoring rear-edge subordinate species in exploitation competition. However, due to ongoing climate change, systems are usually not at equilibrium. A spread of habitats and resources favorable to expanding species may promote higher densities of antagonistically dominant newcomers, which may lead to extirpation of native species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chloé Warret Rodrigues
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, 50 Sifton Road, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada.
| | - James D Roth
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Manitoba, 50 Sifton Road, Winnipeg, MB, R3T 2N2, Canada
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Karandikar H, Donadio E, Smith JA, Bidder OR, Middleton AD. Spatial ecology of the Vicuña ( Lama vicugna) in a high Andean protected area. J Mammal 2023; 104:509-518. [PMID: 37287703 PMCID: PMC10243966 DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyad018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of animal space use is fundamental to effective conservation and management of wildlife populations and habitats in a rapidly changing world, yet many species remain poorly described. Such is the case for the spatial ecology of the Vicuña-a medium-sized wild camelid that plays a critical role, both as a consumer and as prey, in the high Andean food web. We studied patterns of space use of 24 adult female vicuñas from April 2014 to February 2017 at the southern edge of its range. Vicuñas showed strong fidelity to their home range locations across the study period and shared large portions of their home ranges with vicuñas from other family groups. Vicuña home ranges in our study were considerably larger than previous estimates across the range of the species. Variation in environmental and terrain factors and the associated risk of predation affected vicuña diel migration distance but not home range size or overlap. Our study offers new ecological insights into vicuña space use that can inform conservation and management efforts of vicuñas and other social ungulates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshad Karandikar
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy & Management, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Emiliano Donadio
- Rewilding Argentina, Estancia La Ascensión, Los Antiguos, Santa Cruz 9041, Argentina
| | - Justine A Smith
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Owen R Bidder
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy & Management, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Arthur D Middleton
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy & Management, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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7
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Paun I, Husmeier D, Hopcraft JGC, Masolele MM, Torney CJ. Inferring spatially varying animal movement characteristics using a hierarchical continuous-time velocity model. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:2726-2738. [PMID: 36256526 PMCID: PMC9828272 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the spatial dynamics of animal movement is an essential component of maintaining ecological connectivity, conserving key habitats, and mitigating the impacts of anthropogenic disturbance. Altered movement and migratory patterns are often an early warning sign of the effects of environmental disturbance, and a precursor to population declines. Here, we present a hierarchical Bayesian framework based on Gaussian processes for analysing the spatial characteristics of animal movement. At the heart of our approach is a novel covariance kernel that links the spatially varying parameters of a continuous-time velocity model with GPS locations from multiple individuals. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our framework by first applying it to a synthetic data set and then by analysing telemetry data from the Serengeti wildebeest migration. Through application of our approach, we are able to identify the key pathways of the wildebeest migration as well as revealing the impacts of environmental features on movement behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ionut Paun
- School of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Dirk Husmeier
- School of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - J. Grant C. Hopcraft
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health & Comparative MedicineUniversity of GlasgowGraham Kerr BuildingGlasgowUK
| | | | - Colin J. Torney
- School of Mathematics and StatisticsUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
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Jennelle CS, Walter WD, Crawford J, Rosenberry CS, Wallingford BD. Movement of white‐tailed deer in contrasting landscapes influences management of chronic wasting disease. J Wildl Manage 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jwmg.22306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher S. Jennelle
- Minnesota Department of Natural Resources 5463 West Broadway Avenue Forest Lake MN 55025 USA
| | - W. David Walter
- U.S. Geological Survey, Pennsylvania Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, 403 Forest Resources Building The Pennsylvania State University, University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Joanne Crawford
- Minnesota Department of Natural Resources 2118 Campus Drive SE, Suite 100 Rochester MN 55904 USA
| | - Christopher S. Rosenberry
- Bureau of Wildlife Management Pennsylvania Game Commission 2001 Elmerton Avenue Harrisburg PA 17110 USA
| | - Bret D. Wallingford
- Bureau of Wildlife Management Pennsylvania Game Commission 2001 Elmerton Avenue Harrisburg PA 17110 USA
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9
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Prima MC, Duchesne T, Merkle JA, Chamaillé-Jammes S, Fortin D. Multi-mode movement decisions across widely ranging behavioral processes. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272538. [PMID: 35951664 PMCID: PMC9371300 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Movement of organisms plays a fundamental role in the evolution and diversity of life. Animals typically move at an irregular pace over time and space, alternating among movement states. Understanding movement decisions and developing mechanistic models of animal distribution dynamics can thus be contingent to adequate discrimination of behavioral phases. Existing methods to disentangle movement states typically require a follow-up analysis to identify state-dependent drivers of animal movement, which overlooks statistical uncertainty that comes with the state delineation process. Here, we developed population-level, multi-state step selection functions (HMM-SSF) that can identify simultaneously the different behavioral bouts and the specific underlying behavior-habitat relationship. Using simulated data and relocation data from mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus), plains bison (Bison bison bison) and plains zebra (Equus quagga), we illustrated the HMM-SSF robustness, versatility, and predictive ability for animals involved in distinct behavioral processes: foraging, migrating and avoiding a nearby predator. Individuals displayed different habitat selection pattern during the encamped and the travelling phase. Some landscape attributes switched from being selected to avoided, depending on the movement phase. We further showed that HMM-SSF can detect multi-modes of movement triggered by predators, with prey switching to the travelling phase when predators are in close vicinity. HMM-SSFs thus can be used to gain a mechanistic understanding of how animals use their environment in relation to the complex interplay between their needs to move, their knowledge of the environment and navigation capacity, their motion capacity and the external factors related to landscape heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thierry Duchesne
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Jerod A. Merkle
- Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, United States of America
| | - Simon Chamaillé-Jammes
- CEFE, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Montpellier, France
- Mammal Research Institute, Department of Zoology & Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
- LTSER France, Zone Atelier “Hwange”, Hwange National Park, Dete, Zimbabwe
| | - Daniel Fortin
- Department of Biology, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Sigrist B, Signer C, Wellig SD, Ozgul A, Filli F, Jenny H, Thiel D, Wirthner S, Graf RF. Green‐up selection by red deer in heterogeneous, human‐dominated landscapes of Central Europe. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9048. [PMID: 35813904 PMCID: PMC9251849 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Sigrist
- Wildlife Management Unit Institute of Natural Resource Sciences, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences Wädenswil Switzerland
- Population Ecology Research Group Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | - Claudio Signer
- Wildlife Management Unit Institute of Natural Resource Sciences, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences Wädenswil Switzerland
| | - Sascha D. Wellig
- Wildlife Management Unit Institute of Natural Resource Sciences, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences Wädenswil Switzerland
- Valais Hunting, Fisheries and Wildlife Department Sion Switzerland
| | - Arpat Ozgul
- Population Ecology Research Group Department of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich Zurich Switzerland
| | | | - Hannes Jenny
- Grisons Game and Fisheries Department Chur Switzerland
| | - Dominik Thiel
- St. Gall Conservation Hunting and Fisheries Department St. Gallen Switzerland
| | - Sven Wirthner
- Valais Hunting, Fisheries and Wildlife Department Sion Switzerland
| | - Roland F. Graf
- Wildlife Management Unit Institute of Natural Resource Sciences, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences Wädenswil Switzerland
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Theoret J, Cavedon M, Hegel T, Hervieux D, Schwantje H, Steenweg R, Watters M, Musiani M. Seasonal movements in caribou ecotypes of Western Canada. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2022; 10:12. [PMID: 35272704 PMCID: PMC8908644 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-022-00312-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several migratory ungulates, including caribou, are dramatically declining. Caribou of the Barren-ground ecotype, which forms its own subspecies, are known to be mainly migratory. By contrast, within the Woodland subspecies, animals of the Boreal ecotype are known to be mainly sedentary, while those within the Northern and Central Mountain ecotypes to be partially migratory, with only some individuals migrating. Promotion of conservation actions (e.g., habitat protection) that are specific to both residents and migrants, as well as to the areas they frequent seasonally (which may be separate for migrants), requires distinguishing migration from other movement behaviours, which might be a challenge. METHODS We aimed at assessing seasonal movement behaviours, including migratory, resident, dispersing, and nomadic, for caribou belonging to the Barren-ground and Woodland subspecies and ecotypes. We examined seasonal displacement, both planar and altitudinal, and seasonal ranges overlap for 366 individuals that were GPS-collared in Northern and Western Canada. Lastly, we assessed the ability of caribou individuals to switch between migratory and non-migratory movement behaviours between years. RESULTS We detected migratory behaviour within each of the studied subspecies and ecotypes. However, seasonal ranges overlap (an index of sedentary behaviour) varied, with proportions of clear migrants (0 overlap) of 40.94% for Barren-ground caribou and 23.34% for Woodland caribou, and of 32.95%, 54.87%, and 8.86% for its Northern Mountain, Central Mountain, and Boreal ecotype, respectively. Plastic switches of individuals were also detected between migratory, resident, dispersing, and nomadic seasonal movements performed across years. CONCLUSIONS Our unexpected findings of marked seasonal movement plasticity in caribou indicate that this phenomenon should be better studied to understand the resilience of this endangered species to habitat and climatic changes. Our results that a substantial proportion of individuals engaged in seasonal migration in all studied ecotypes indicate that caribou conservation plans should account for critical habitat in both summer and winter ranges. Accordingly, conservation strategies are being devised for the Woodland subspecies and its ecotypes, which were found to be at least partially migratory in this study. Our findings that migration is detectable with both planar and altitudinal analyses of seasonal displacement provide a tool to better define seasonal ranges, also in mountainous and hilly environments, and protect habitat there.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Theoret
- Faculty of Environmental Design, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Maria Cavedon
- Faculty of Environmental Design, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Troy Hegel
- Yukon Department of Environment, Whitehorse, YT, Y1A 2C6, Canada
- Fish and Wildlife Stewardship Branch, Alberta Environment and Parks, 4999 98 Ave., Edmonton, AB, T6B 2X3, Canada
| | - Dave Hervieux
- Fish and Wildlife Stewardship Branch, Alberta Environment and Parks, Grande Prairie, AB, T8V 6J4, Canada
| | - Helen Schwantje
- Wildlife and Habitat Branch, Ministry of Forests, Lands, Natural Resource Operations and Rural Development, Government of British Columbia, 2080 Labieux Road, Nanaimo, BC, V9T 6J9, Canada
| | - Robin Steenweg
- Pacific Region, Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment and Climate Change Canada, 5421 Robertson Road, Delta, BC, V4K 3N2, Canada
| | - Megan Watters
- Land and Resource Specialist, 300 - 10003 110th Avenue, Fort St. John, BC, V1J 6M7, Canada
| | - Marco Musiani
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Veterinary Medicine (Joint Appointment), University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 1N4, Canada.
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Karelus DL, Geary BW, Harveson LA, Harveson PM. Movement ecology and space-use by mountain lions in West Texas. Glob Ecol Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2021.e01859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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13
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Gurarie E, Potluri S, Cosner GC, Cantrell RS, Fagan WF. Memories of Migrations Past: Sociality and Cognition in Dynamic, Seasonal Environments. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.742920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Seasonal migrations are a widespread and broadly successful strategy for animals to exploit periodic and localized resources over large spatial scales. It remains an open and largely case-specific question whether long-distance migrations are resilient to environmental disruptions. High levels of mobility suggest an ability to shift ranges that can confer resilience. On the other hand, a conservative, hard-wired commitment to a risky behavior can be costly if conditions change. Mechanisms that contribute to migration include identification and responsiveness to resources, sociality, and cognitive processes such as spatial memory and learning. Our goal was to explore the extent to which these factors interact not only to maintain a migratory behavior but also to provide resilience against environmental changes. We develop a diffusion-advection model of animal movement in which an endogenous migratory behavior is modified by recent experiences via a memory process, and animals have a social swarming-like behavior over a range of spatial scales. We found that this relatively simple framework was able to adapt to a stable, seasonal resource dynamic under a broad range of parameter values. Furthermore, the model was able to acquire an adaptive migration behavior with time. However, the resilience of the process depended on all the parameters under consideration, with many complex trade-offs. For example, the spatial scale of sociality needed to be large enough to capture changes in the resource, but not so large that the acquired collective information was overly diluted. A long-term reference memory was important for hedging against a highly stochastic process, but a higher weighting of more recent memory was needed for adapting to directional changes in resource phenology. Our model provides a general and versatile framework for exploring the interaction of memory, movement, social and resource dynamics, even as environmental conditions globally are undergoing rapid change.
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14
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Variation in winter site fidelity within and among individuals influences movement behavior in a partially migratory ungulate. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0258128. [PMID: 34591944 PMCID: PMC8483381 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Many animals migrate to take advantage of temporal and spatial variability in resources. These benefits are offset with costs like increased energetic expenditure and travel through unfamiliar areas. Differences in the cost-benefit ratio for individuals may lead to partial migration with one portion of a population migrating while another does not. We investigated migration dynamics and winter site fidelity for a long-distance partial migrant, barren ground caribou (Rangifer tarandus granti) of the Teshekpuk Caribou Herd in northern Alaska. We used GPS telemetry for 76 female caribou over 164 annual movement trajectories to identify timing and location of migration and winter use, proportion of migrants, and fidelity to different herd wintering areas. We found within-individual variation in movement behavior and wintering area use by the Teshekpuk Caribou Herd, adding caribou to the growing list of ungulates that can exhibit migratory plasticity. Using a first passage time–net squared displacement approach, we classified 78.7% of annual movement paths as migration, 11.6% as residency, and 9.8% as another strategy. Timing and distance of migration varied by season and wintering area. Duration of migration was longer for fall migration than for spring, which may relate to the latter featuring more directed movement. Caribou utilized four wintering areas, with multiple areas used each year. This variation occurred not just among different individuals, but state sequence analyses indicated low fidelity of individuals to wintering areas among years. Variability in movement behavior can have fitness consequences. As caribou face the pressures of a rapidly warming Arctic and ongoing human development and activities, further research is needed to investigate what factors influence this diversity of behaviors in Alaska and across the circumpolar Arctic.
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15
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van de Kerk M, Larsen RT, Olson DD, Hersey KR, McMillan BR. Variation in movement patterns of mule deer: have we oversimplified migration? MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2021; 9:44. [PMID: 34446100 PMCID: PMC8394567 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-021-00281-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conservation and management of migratory animals has gained attention in recent years, but the majority of research has focused on stereotypical 'migrant' and 'resident' behaviors, often failing to incorporate any atypical behaviors or characterize migratory behaviors beyond distance and timing of the migration. With migration threatened by anthropogenic development and climate change, it is crucial that we understand the full range of migratory behaviors. Our objective was to demonstrate and characterize the variation in migration strategies, including typical and atypical migratory behaviors for mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) in Utah, USA. METHODS Because calculation of common metrics such as distance, timing, and use of stopovers during migration did not adequately describe the variation we observed in migratory behavior for this species-particularly when animals visited multiple (> 3) ranges for extended lengths of time-we developed additional methods and categories to describe observed variation in migratory behavior. We first categorized trajectories based on the number of discrete, separate ranges and range shifts between them. Then, we further characterized the variation in migration strategies by examining the timing, duration, and distance traveled within each of the categories. We also examined if and how frequently individual deer switched among categories from year to year. RESULTS We classified 1218 movement trajectories from 722 adult female mule deer, and found that 54.4% were dual-range migrants, who made one round-trip to one distinct range. Multi-range migrants (23.6%) made one round-trip during which they stayed at multiple discrete ranges. Commuters (1.0%) traveled to the same range multiple times, and poly migrants (1.5%) made multiple round-trips to different ranges. Gradual movers (2.5%) did not show a discrete range shift but moved gradually between ranges, whereas residents (12.6%) never left their home ranges, and dispersers (4.4%) left but never returned. Of the deer that we monitored for multiple years, 51.2% switched among categories. CONCLUSION We conclude that the substantial number of atypical migratory strategies, as well as the number of deer that switched categories, underlines the importance of studying these less-stereotyped behaviors that may be exhibited by large proportions of populations. Acknowledging and investigating the full complexity and diversity in migratory strategies might uncover unknowns with respect to underlying factors and drivers of migration, and can help shape effective conservation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madelon van de Kerk
- Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences, Brigham Young University, 4105 Life Sciences Building, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.
- School of Environment and Sustainability, Western Colorado University, Kelley Hall 144, Gunnison, CO, 81231, USA.
| | - Randy T Larsen
- Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences, Brigham Young University, 4105 Life Sciences Building, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
| | - Daniel D Olson
- Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, 1594 W North Temple, Suite 2110, Salt Lake City, UT, 84114, USA
| | - Kent R Hersey
- Utah Division of Wildlife Resources, 1594 W North Temple, Suite 2110, Salt Lake City, UT, 84114, USA
| | - Brock R McMillan
- Department of Plant and Wildlife Sciences, Brigham Young University, 4105 Life Sciences Building, Provo, UT, 84602, USA
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16
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Bright Ross JG, Peters W, Ossi F, Moorcroft PR, Cordano E, Eccel E, Bianchini F, Ramanzin M, Cagnacci F. Climate change and anthropogenic food manipulation interact in shifting the distribution of a large herbivore at its altitudinal range limit. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7600. [PMID: 33828110 PMCID: PMC8027592 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86720-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ungulates in alpine ecosystems are constrained by winter harshness through resource limitation and direct mortality from weather extremes. However, little empirical evidence has definitively established how current climate change and other anthropogenic modifications of resource availability affect ungulate winter distribution, especially at their range limits. Here, we used a combination of historical (1997-2002) and contemporary (2012-2015) Eurasian roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) relocation datasets that span changes in snowpack characteristics and two levels of supplemental feeding to compare and forecast probability of space use at the species' altitudinal range limit. Scarcer snow cover in the contemporary period interacted with the augmented feeding site distribution to increase the elevation of winter range limits, and we predict this trend will continue under climate change. Moreover, roe deer have shifted from historically using feeding sites primarily under deep snow conditions to contemporarily using them under a wider range of snow conditions as their availability has increased. Combined with scarcer snow cover during December, January, and April, this trend has reduced inter-annual variability in space use patterns in these months. These spatial responses to climate- and artificial resource-provisioning shifts evidence the importance of these changing factors in shaping large herbivore spatial distribution and, consequently, ecosystem dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius G Bright Ross
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | - Wibke Peters
- Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Wildlife Management, Bavarian State Institute of Forestry, Freising, Germany
| | - Federico Ossi
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- C3A - Centro Agricoltura Alimenti Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Trento, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Paul R Moorcroft
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Emanuele Cordano
- Rendena100, Engineering and Consultancy sole proprietorship, Tione di Trento, Italy
| | - Emanuele Eccel
- Department of Sustainable Agro-Ecosystems and Bioresources, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
| | - Filippo Bianchini
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology 'Charles Darwin', University of Rome 'La Sapienza', Rome, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ramanzin
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Francesca Cagnacci
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige, Italy
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17
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Torney CJ, Morales JM, Husmeier D. A hierarchical machine learning framework for the analysis of large scale animal movement data. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2021; 9:6. [PMID: 33602302 PMCID: PMC7893961 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-021-00242-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years the field of movement ecology has been revolutionized by our ability to collect high-accuracy, fine scale telemetry data from individual animals and groups. This growth in our data collection capacity has led to the development of statistical techniques that integrate telemetry data with random walk models to infer key parameters of the movement dynamics. While much progress has been made in the use of these models, several challenges remain. Notably robust and scalable methods are required for quantifying parameter uncertainty, coping with intermittent location fixes, and analysing the very large volumes of data being generated. METHODS In this work we implement a novel approach to movement modelling through the use of multilevel Gaussian processes. The hierarchical structure of the method enables the inference of continuous latent behavioural states underlying movement processes. For efficient inference on large data sets, we approximate the full likelihood using trajectory segmentation and sample from posterior distributions using gradient-based Markov chain Monte Carlo methods. RESULTS While formally equivalent to many continuous-time movement models, our Gaussian process approach provides flexible, powerful models that can detect multiscale patterns and trends in movement trajectory data. We illustrate a further advantage to our approach in that inference can be performed using highly efficient, GPU-accelerated machine learning libraries. CONCLUSIONS Multilevel Gaussian process models offer efficient inference for large-volume movement data sets, along with the fitting of complex flexible models. Applications of this approach include inferring the mean location of a migration route and quantifying significant changes, detecting diurnal activity patterns, or identifying the onset of directed persistent movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colin J Torney
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8SQ, UK.
| | - Juan M Morales
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8SQ, UK
- Grupo de Ecología Cuantitativa, INIBIOMA, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, CONICET, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, Bariloche, S4140, Argentina
| | - Dirk Husmeier
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8SQ, UK
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18
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Calabrese JM, Fleming CH, Noonan MJ, Dong X. ctmmweb: A Graphical User Interface for Autocorrelation‐Informed Home Range Estimation. WILDLIFE SOC B 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/wsb.1154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Justin M. Calabrese
- Center for Advanced Systems Understanding (CASUS) Untermarkt 20 02826 Görlitz Germany
| | - Christen H. Fleming
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute 1500 Remount Rd Front Royal VA 22630 USA
| | - Michael J. Noonan
- The Irving K. Barber School of Arts and Sciences The University of British Columbia, Okanagan campus 1177 Research Road Kelowna BC V1V 1V7 Canada
| | - Xianghui Dong
- Department of Biology University of Maryland College Park MD 20742 USA
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19
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Xu W, Barker K, Shawler A, Van Scoyoc A, Smith JA, Mueller T, Sawyer H, Andreozzi C, Bidder OR, Karandikar H, Mumme S, Templin E, Middleton AD. The plasticity of ungulate migration in a changing world. Ecology 2021; 102:e03293. [PMID: 33554353 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Migratory ungulates are thought to be declining globally because their dependence on large landscapes renders them highly vulnerable to environmental change. Yet recent studies reveal that many ungulate species can adjust their migration propensity in response to changing environmental conditions to potentially improve population persistence. In addition to the question of whether to migrate, decisions of where and when to migrate appear equally fundamental to individual migration tactics, but these three dimensions of plasticity have rarely been explored together. Here, we expand the concept of migratory plasticity beyond individual switches in migration propensity to also include spatial and temporal adjustments to migration patterns. We develop a novel typological framework that delineates every potential change type within the three dimensions, then use this framework to guide a literature review. We discuss broad patterns in migratory plasticity, potential drivers of migration change, and research gaps in the current understanding of this trait. Our result reveals 127 migration change events in direct response to natural and human-induced environmental changes across 27 ungulate species. Species that appeared in multiple studies showed multiple types of change, with some exhibiting the full spectrum of migratory plasticity. This result highlights that multidimensional migratory plasticity is pervasive in ungulates, even as the manifestation of plasticity varies case by case. However, studies thus far have rarely been able to determine the fitness outcomes of different types of migration change, likely due to the scarcity of long-term individual-based demographic monitoring as well as measurements encompassing a full behavioral continuum and environmental gradient for any given species. Recognizing and documenting the full spectrum of migratory plasticity marks the first step for the field of migration ecology to employ quantitative methods, such as reaction norms, to predict migration change along environmental gradients. Closer monitoring for changes in migratory propensity, routes, and timing may improve the efficacy of conservation strategies and management actions in a rapidly changing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Xu
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Kristin Barker
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Avery Shawler
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Amy Van Scoyoc
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Justine A Smith
- Department of Wildlife, Fish, and Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, 95616, USA
| | - Thomas Mueller
- Department of Biological Sciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, Frankfurt (Main), 60438, Germany.,Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, Frankfurt, 60325, Germany
| | - Hall Sawyer
- Western Ecosystems Technology, 1610 Reynolds Street, Laramie, Wyoming, 82072, USA
| | - Chelsea Andreozzi
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Owen R Bidder
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Harshad Karandikar
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Steffen Mumme
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA.,Department of Biology and Biotechnologies "Charles Darwin", University of Rome La Sapienza, Viale dell'Università 32, Rome, 00185, Italy.,Department of Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all'Adige (TN), 38010, Italy
| | - Elizabeth Templin
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
| | - Arthur D Middleton
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA
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20
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Davidson SC, Bohrer G, Gurarie E, LaPoint S, Mahoney PJ, Boelman NT, Eitel JUH, Prugh LR, Vierling LA, Jennewein J, Grier E, Couriot O, Kelly AP, Meddens AJH, Oliver RY, Kays R, Wikelski M, Aarvak T, Ackerman JT, Alves JA, Bayne E, Bedrosian B, Belant JL, Berdahl AM, Berlin AM, Berteaux D, Bêty J, Boiko D, Booms TL, Borg BL, Boutin S, Boyd WS, Brides K, Brown S, Bulyuk VN, Burnham KK, Cabot D, Casazza M, Christie K, Craig EH, Davis SE, Davison T, Demma D, DeSorbo CR, Dixon A, Domenech R, Eichhorn G, Elliott K, Evenson JR, Exo KM, Ferguson SH, Fiedler W, Fisk A, Fort J, Franke A, Fuller MR, Garthe S, Gauthier G, Gilchrist G, Glazov P, Gray CE, Grémillet D, Griffin L, Hallworth MT, Harrison AL, Hennin HL, Hipfner JM, Hodson J, Johnson JA, Joly K, Jones K, Katzner TE, Kidd JW, Knight EC, Kochert MN, Kölzsch A, Kruckenberg H, Lagassé BJ, Lai S, Lamarre JF, Lanctot RB, Larter NC, Latham ADM, Latty CJ, Lawler JP, Léandri-Breton DJ, Lee H, Lewis SB, Love OP, Madsen J, Maftei M, Mallory ML, Mangipane B, Markovets MY, Marra PP, McGuire R, McIntyre CL, McKinnon EA, Miller TA, Moonen S, Mu T, Müskens GJDM, Ng J, Nicholson KL, Øien IJ, Overton C, Owen PA, Patterson A, Petersen A, Pokrovsky I, Powell LL, Prieto R, Quillfeldt P, Rausch J, Russell K, Saalfeld ST, Schekkerman H, Schmutz JA, Schwemmer P, Seip DR, Shreading A, Silva MA, Smith BW, Smith F, Smith JP, Snell KRS, Sokolov A, Sokolov V, Solovyeva DV, Sorum MS, Tertitski G, Therrien JF, Thorup K, Tibbitts TL, Tulp I, Uher-Koch BD, van Bemmelen RSA, Van Wilgenburg S, Von Duyke AL, Watson JL, Watts BD, Williams JA, Wilson MT, Wright JR, Yates MA, Yurkowski DJ, Žydelis R, Hebblewhite M. Ecological insights from three decades of animal movement tracking across a changing Arctic. Science 2020; 370:712-715. [PMID: 33154141 DOI: 10.1126/science.abb7080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The Arctic is entering a new ecological state, with alarming consequences for humanity. Animal-borne sensors offer a window into these changes. Although substantial animal tracking data from the Arctic and subarctic exist, most are difficult to discover and access. Here, we present the new Arctic Animal Movement Archive (AAMA), a growing collection of more than 200 standardized terrestrial and marine animal tracking studies from 1991 to the present. The AAMA supports public data discovery, preserves fundamental baseline data for the future, and facilitates efficient, collaborative data analysis. With AAMA-based case studies, we document climatic influences on the migration phenology of eagles, geographic differences in the adaptive response of caribou reproductive phenology to climate change, and species-specific changes in terrestrial mammal movement rates in response to increasing temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah C Davidson
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Radolfzell, Germany.,Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Gil Bohrer
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Eliezer Gurarie
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.,Wildlife Biology Program, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, W.A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Scott LaPoint
- Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Radolfzell, Germany.,Black Rock Forest, 65 Reservoir Road, Cornwall, NY, USA.,Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA
| | - Peter J Mahoney
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Natalie T Boelman
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA
| | - Jan U H Eitel
- Department of Natural Resources and Society, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Laura R Prugh
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lee A Vierling
- Department of Natural Resources and Society, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Jyoti Jennewein
- Department of Natural Resources and Society, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID, USA
| | - Emma Grier
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Ophélie Couriot
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.,National Socio-Environmental Synthesis Center, Annapolis, MD, USA
| | - Allicia P Kelly
- Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Government of the Northwest Territories, Fort Smith, NT, Canada
| | - Arjan J H Meddens
- School of the Environment, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA
| | - Ruth Y Oliver
- Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory, Columbia University, Palisades, NY, USA.,Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Center for Biodiversity and Global Change, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Roland Kays
- College of Natural Resources, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Martin Wikelski
- Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Radolfzell, Germany.,Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | | | - Joshua T Ackerman
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Dixon Field Station, Dixon, CA, USA
| | - José A Alves
- Department of Biology & CESAM, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.,South Iceland Research Centre, University of Iceland, Laugarvatn, Iceland
| | - Erin Bayne
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Jerrold L Belant
- Global Wildlife Conservation Center, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, State University of New York, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Andrew M Berdahl
- School of Aquatic & Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Alicia M Berlin
- U.S. Geological Survey, Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Laurel, MD, USA
| | - Dominique Berteaux
- Centre d'études nordiques, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada
| | - Joël Bêty
- Centre d'études nordiques, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada
| | - Dmitrijs Boiko
- Latvian National Museum of Natural History, Riga, Latvia.,Institute of Biology, University of Latvia, Salaspils, Latvia.,Latvian Swan Research Society, Kalnciems, Latvia
| | | | - Bridget L Borg
- National Park Service, Denali National Park and Preserve, Denali Park, AK, USA
| | - Stan Boutin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - W Sean Boyd
- Science & Technology Branch, Environment & Climate Change Canada, Delta, BC, Canada
| | | | | | - Victor N Bulyuk
- Biological Station Rybachy, Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | - David Cabot
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Michael Casazza
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Dixon Field Station, Dixon, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Tracy Davison
- Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Government of the Northwest Territories, Inuvik, NT, Canada
| | | | | | - Andrew Dixon
- Reneco International Wildlife Consultants, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Götz Eichhorn
- Vogeltrekstation-Dutch Centre for Avian Migration and Demography, Wageningen, Netherlands.,Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Kyle Elliott
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Ste Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | | | - Klaus-Michael Exo
- Institute for Avian Research "Vogelwarte Helgoland," Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang Fiedler
- Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Radolfzell, Germany.,Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Aaron Fisk
- Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, School of the Environment, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Jérôme Fort
- Littoral Environnement et Sociétés (LIENSs), CNRS, La Rochelle University, La Rochelle, France
| | - Alastair Franke
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Arctic Raptor Project, Rankin Inlet, NU, Canada
| | - Mark R Fuller
- Boise State University, Raptor Research Center, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Stefan Garthe
- Research and Technology Centre (FTZ), Kiel University, Büsum, Germany
| | - Gilles Gauthier
- Département de Biologie & Centre d'Études Nordiques, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Grant Gilchrist
- Environment & Climate Change Canada, National Wildlife Research Centre, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Petr Glazov
- Institute of Geography, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Carrie E Gray
- School of Biology and Ecology, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA
| | - David Grémillet
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, CNRS, La Rochelle University, Villiers en Bois, France.,Percy Fitzpatrick Institute of African Ornithology, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa
| | | | - Michael T Hallworth
- Migratory Bird Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington DC, USA.,Northeast Climate Adaptation Science Center, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | - Autumn-Lynn Harrison
- Migratory Bird Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington DC, USA
| | - Holly L Hennin
- Science & Technology Branch, Environment & Climate Change Canada, Delta, BC, Canada.,Department of Integrative Biology, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - J Mark Hipfner
- Environment & Climate Change Canada, Pacific Wildlife Research Centre, Delta, BC, Canada
| | - James Hodson
- Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Government of the Northwest Territories, Yellowknife, NT, Canada
| | - James A Johnson
- U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Migratory Bird Management, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Kyle Joly
- National Park Service, Gates of the Arctic National Park & Preserve, Fairbanks, AK, USA
| | | | - Todd E Katzner
- U.S. Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, Boise, ID, USA
| | | | - Elly C Knight
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Michael N Kochert
- U.S. Geological Survey, Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center, Boise, ID, USA
| | - Andrea Kölzsch
- Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Radolfzell, Germany.,Centre for the Advanced Study of Collective Behaviour, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.,Institute for Wetlands and Waterbird Research e.V., Verden (Aller), Germany
| | - Helmut Kruckenberg
- Institute for Wetlands and Waterbird Research e.V., Verden (Aller), Germany
| | - Benjamin J Lagassé
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Sandra Lai
- Centre d'études nordiques, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada
| | | | - Richard B Lanctot
- U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Migratory Bird Management, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Nicholas C Larter
- Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Government of the Northwest Territories, Fort Simpson, NT, Canada
| | - A David M Latham
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.,Manaaki Whenua-Landcare Research, Lincoln, New Zealand
| | - Christopher J Latty
- U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Fairbanks, AK, USA
| | - James P Lawler
- National Park Service, Alaska Inventory and Monitoring Program, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | | | - Hansoo Lee
- Korea Institute of Environmental Ecology, Yuseonggu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Oliver P Love
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, Canada
| | - Jesper Madsen
- Department of Bioscience-Kalø, Aarhus University, Rønde, Denmark
| | - Mark Maftei
- High Arctic Gull Research Group, Bamfield, BC, Canada
| | - Mark L Mallory
- Biology Department, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
| | - Buck Mangipane
- National Park Service, Lake Clark National Park and Preserve, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Mikhail Y Markovets
- Biological Station Rybachy, Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Peter P Marra
- Department of Biology and the McCourt School of Public Policy, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Rebecca McGuire
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Arctic Beringia Program, Fairbanks, AK, USA
| | - Carol L McIntyre
- National Park Service, Denali National Park and Preserve, Denali Park, AK, USA
| | | | - Tricia A Miller
- Conservation Science Global, Inc., West Cape May, NJ, USA.,Division of Forestry and Natural Resources, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Sander Moonen
- Institute for Avian Research "Vogelwarte Helgoland," Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Tong Mu
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Gerhard J D M Müskens
- Wageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Janet Ng
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | | | - Cory Overton
- U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Dixon Field Station, Dixon, CA, USA
| | - Patricia A Owen
- National Park Service, Denali National Park and Preserve, Denali Park, AK, USA
| | - Allison Patterson
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Ste Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | | | - Ivan Pokrovsky
- Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Radolfzell, Germany.,Laboratory of Ornithology, Institute of Biological Problems of the North FEB RAS, Magadan, Russia.,Arctic Research Station of Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology UB, RAS, Labytnangi, Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District, Russia
| | - Luke L Powell
- Migratory Bird Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington DC, USA.,Durham University, Durham, UK.,University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland
| | - Rui Prieto
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Institute of Marine Research and Okeanos R&D Centre, University of the Azores, Horta, Portugal
| | | | - Jennie Rausch
- Environment & Climate Change Canada, Yellowknife, NT, Canada
| | | | - Sarah T Saalfeld
- U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Migratory Bird Management, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | | | - Joel A Schmutz
- U.S. Geological Survey Alaska Science Center, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Philipp Schwemmer
- Research and Technology Centre (FTZ), Kiel University, Büsum, Germany
| | - Dale R Seip
- British Columbia Ministry of Environment, Prince George, BC, Canada
| | | | - Mónica A Silva
- Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Institute of Marine Research and Okeanos R&D Centre, University of the Azores, Horta, Portugal.,Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA, USA
| | - Brian W Smith
- U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, Migratory Bird Management, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Fletcher Smith
- Center for Conservation Biology, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA.,Georgia Department of Natural Resources, Brunswick, GA, USA
| | - Jeff P Smith
- HawkWatch International, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.,H. T. Harvey & Associates, Los Gatos, CA, USA
| | - Katherine R S Snell
- Department of Migration, Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior, Radolfzell, Germany.,Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Aleksandr Sokolov
- Arctic Research Station of Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology UB, RAS, Labytnangi, Yamal-Nenets Autonomous District, Russia
| | - Vasiliy Sokolov
- Institute of Plant and Animal Ecology, Ural Division Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Diana V Solovyeva
- Laboratory of Ornithology, Institute of Biological Problems of the North FEB RAS, Magadan, Russia
| | - Mathew S Sorum
- National Park Service, Yukon-Charley Rivers National Preserve, Central Alaska Inventory and Monitoring Network, Fairbanks, AK, USA
| | | | - J F Therrien
- Département de Biologie & Centre d'Études Nordiques, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,Hawk Mountain Sanctuary, Kempton, PA, USA
| | - Kasper Thorup
- Center for Macroecology, Evolution and Climate, Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - T Lee Tibbitts
- U.S. Geological Survey Alaska Science Center, Anchorage, AK, USA
| | - Ingrid Tulp
- Wageningen Marine Research, IJmuiden, Netherlands
| | | | - Rob S A van Bemmelen
- Wageningen Marine Research, IJmuiden, Netherlands.,Bureau Waardenburg, Culemborg, Netherlands
| | - Steven Van Wilgenburg
- Canadian Wildlife Service, Environment & Climate Change Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Andrew L Von Duyke
- North Slope Borough, Department of Wildlife Management, Utqiaġvik, AK, USA
| | - Jesse L Watson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Bryan D Watts
- Center for Conservation Biology, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA
| | - Judy A Williams
- Department of Environment and Natural Resources, Government of the Northwest Territories, Yellowknife, NT, Canada
| | | | - James R Wright
- School of Environment and Natural Resources, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - David J Yurkowski
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.,University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | | | - Mark Hebblewhite
- Wildlife Biology Program, Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences, W.A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
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21
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Fagan WF, Gurarie E. Spatial Ecology: Herbivores and Green Waves — To Surf or Hang Loose? Curr Biol 2020; 30:R991-R993. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2020.06.088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Le Corre M, Dussault C, Côté SD. Where to spend the winter? The role of intraspecific competition and climate in determining the selection of wintering areas by migratory caribou. OIKOS 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.06668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mael Le Corre
- Caribou Ungava, Dépt de Biologie and Centre d’Études Nordiques, Univ. Laval Québec Québec G1V 0A6 Canada
- Dept of Archaeology, Univ. of Aberdeen Aberdeen AB24 3UF UK
| | - Christian Dussault
- Caribou Ungava, Dépt de Biologie and Centre d’Études Nordiques, Univ. Laval Québec Québec G1V 0A6 Canada
- Direction de l'expertise sur la faune terrestre, l'herpétofaune et l'avifaune, Ministère des Forêts, de la Faune et des Parcs du Québec Québec QC Canada
| | - Steeve D. Côté
- Caribou Ungava, Dépt de Biologie and Centre d’Études Nordiques, Univ. Laval Québec Québec G1V 0A6 Canada
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23
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Borowik T, Ratkiewicz M, Maślanko W, Duda N, Kowalczyk R. The level of habitat patchiness influences movement strategy of moose in Eastern Poland. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0230521. [PMID: 32191742 PMCID: PMC7082038 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0230521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Spatio-temporal variation in resource availability leads to a variety of animal movement strategies. In the case of ungulates, temporally unpredictable landscapes are associated with nomadism, while high predictability in the resource distribution favours migratory or sedentary behaviours depending on the spatial and temporal scale of landscape dynamics. As most of the surveys on moose (Alces alces) movement behaviours in Europe have been conducted on Scandinavian populations, little is known about the movement strategies of moose at the southern edge of the species' range. We expected that decreasing habitat patchiness in central Europe would be associated with the prevalence of migratory behaviours. To verify this hypothesis, we analysed 32 moose fitted with GPS collars from two study areas in eastern Poland which differed in a level of habitat patchiness. We classified moose movements using the net squared displacement method. As presumed, lower patchiness in the Biebrza study site was associated with the predominance of individuals migrating short-distance, while in more patchy landscape of Polesie, resident moose dominated. At the individual level, the propensity of moose to migrate decreased with increasing abundance of forest habitats in their summer ranges. In addition, the parameters (migration distance, timing and duration) for migratory individuals varied substantially between individuals and years. Yet, in spring individual moose expressed a consistent migration timing across years. There was little synchronization of migration timing between individuals from the same population both in spring and autumn, which may have been related to mild weather conditions. We observed that moose postponed their migrations and started movement toward summer ranges at a similar time window in years when spring was delayed due to harsh weather. Hence, in light of global warming, we presume further changes in animal movements will arise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Borowik
- Mammal Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, Białowieża, Poland
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Weronika Maślanko
- University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Department of Animal Ethology and Wildlife Management, Lublin, Poland
| | - Norbert Duda
- University of Białystok, Institute of Biology, Białystok, Poland
- Zespół Szkół Ogólnokształcących Nr 2 w Białymstoku, Białystok, Poland
| | - Rafał Kowalczyk
- Mammal Research Institute Polish Academy of Sciences, Białowieża, Poland
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24
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Gurarie E, Hebblewhite M, Joly K, Kelly AP, Adamczewski J, Davidson SC, Davison T, Gunn A, Suitor MJ, Fagan WF, Boelman N. Tactical departures and strategic arrivals: Divergent effects of climate and weather on caribou spring migrations. Ecosphere 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eliezer Gurarie
- Department of Biology University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA
- Wildlife Biology Program Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences W.A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation University of Montana Missoula Montana 59812 USA
| | - Mark Hebblewhite
- Wildlife Biology Program Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences W.A. Franke College of Forestry and Conservation University of Montana Missoula Montana 59812 USA
| | - Kyle Joly
- National Park Service Gates of the Arctic National Park and Preserve Arctic Inventory and Monitoring Network Fairbanks Alaska 99709 USA
| | - Allicia P. Kelly
- Department of Environment and Natural Resources Government of the Northwest Territories Fort Smith Northwest Territories Canada
| | - Jan Adamczewski
- Department of Environment and Natural Resources Government of the Northwest Territories Yellowknife Northwest Territories Canada
| | - Sarah C. Davidson
- Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior Am Obstberg 1 Radolfzell 78315 Germany
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Geodetic Engineering The Ohio State University Columbus Ohio 43210 USA
| | - Tracy Davison
- Department of Environment and Natural Resources Government of the Northwest Territories Inuvik Northwest Territories Canada
| | - Anne Gunn
- Circumarctic Rangifer Monitoring and Assessment Network (CARMA) Salt Spring Island British Columbia V8K 1V1 Canada
| | - Michael J. Suitor
- Fish and Wildlife Branch Environment Yukon, Yukon Government Dawson City Yukon Canada
| | - William F. Fagan
- Department of Biology University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA
| | - Natalie Boelman
- Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory Columbia University Palisades New York 10964 USA
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25
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Noonan MJ, Fleming CH, Akre TS, Drescher-Lehman J, Gurarie E, Harrison AL, Kays R, Calabrese JM. Scale-insensitive estimation of speed and distance traveled from animal tracking data. MOVEMENT ECOLOGY 2019; 7:35. [PMID: 31788314 PMCID: PMC6858693 DOI: 10.1186/s40462-019-0177-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Speed and distance traveled provide quantifiable links between behavior and energetics, and are among the metrics most routinely estimated from animal tracking data. Researchers typically sum over the straight-line displacements (SLDs) between sampled locations to quantify distance traveled, while speed is estimated by dividing these displacements by time. Problematically, this approach is highly sensitive to the measurement scale, with biases subject to the sampling frequency, the tortuosity of the animal's movement, and the amount of measurement error. Compounding the issue of scale-sensitivity, SLD estimates do not come equipped with confidence intervals to quantify their uncertainty. METHODS To overcome the limitations of SLD estimation, we outline a continuous-time speed and distance (CTSD) estimation method. An inherent property of working in continuous-time is the ability to separate the underlying continuous-time movement process from the discrete-time sampling process, making these models less sensitive to the sampling schedule when estimating parameters. The first step of CTSD is to estimate the device's error parameters to calibrate the measurement error. Once the errors have been calibrated, model selection techniques are employed to identify the best fit continuous-time movement model for the data. A simulation-based approach is then employed to sample from the distribution of trajectories conditional on the data, from which the mean speed estimate and its confidence intervals can be extracted. RESULTS Using simulated data, we demonstrate how CTSD provides accurate, scale-insensitive estimates with reliable confidence intervals. When applied to empirical GPS data, we found that SLD estimates varied substantially with sampling frequency, whereas CTSD provided relatively consistent estimates, with often dramatic improvements over SLD. CONCLUSIONS The methods described in this study allow for the computationally efficient, scale-insensitive estimation of speed and distance traveled, without biases due to the sampling frequency, the tortuosity of the animal's movement, or the amount of measurement error. In addition to being robust to the sampling schedule, the point estimates come equipped with confidence intervals, permitting formal statistical inference. All the methods developed in this study are now freely available in the ctmmR package or the ctmmweb point-and-click web based graphical user interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Noonan
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, 1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, 22630 USA
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, 20742 USA
| | - Christen H. Fleming
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, 1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, 22630 USA
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, 20742 USA
| | - Thomas S. Akre
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, 1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, 22630 USA
| | - Jonathan Drescher-Lehman
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, 1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, 22630 USA
- Department of Biology, George Mason University, 4400 University Drive, Fairfax, 22030 USA
| | - Eliezer Gurarie
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, 20742 USA
| | - Autumn-Lynn Harrison
- Migratory Bird Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, Washington, DC, 20008 USA
| | - Roland Kays
- North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences, Biodiversity Lab, Raleigh, 27601 USA
- Department of Forestry & Environmental Resources, North Carolina State University, 4400 University Drive, Raleigh, 27695 USA
| | - Justin M. Calabrese
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, National Zoological Park, 1500 Remount Rd, Front Royal, 22630 USA
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, 20742 USA
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26
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Environmental Predictability as a Cause and Consequence of Animal Movement. Trends Ecol Evol 2019; 35:163-174. [PMID: 31699411 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2019.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The impacts of environmental predictability on the ecology and evolution of animal movement have been the subject of vigorous speculation for several decades. Recently, the swell of new biologging technologies has further stimulated their investigation. This advancing research frontier, however, still lacks conceptual unification and has so far focused little on converse effects. Populations of moving animals have ubiquitous effects on processes such as nutrient cycling and seed dispersal and may therefore shape patterns of environmental predictability. Here, we synthesise the main strands of the literature on the feedbacks between environmental predictability and animal movement and discuss how they may react to anthropogenic disruption, leading to unexpected threats for wildlife and the environment.
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27
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Joo R, Boone ME, Clay TA, Patrick SC, Clusella-Trullas S, Basille M. Navigating through the r packages for movement. J Anim Ecol 2019; 89:248-267. [PMID: 31587257 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The advent of miniaturized biologging devices has provided ecologists with unprecedented opportunities to record animal movement across scales, and led to the collection of ever-increasing quantities of tracking data. In parallel, sophisticated tools have been developed to process, visualize and analyse tracking data; however, many of these tools have proliferated in isolation, making it challenging for users to select the most appropriate method for the question in hand. Indeed, within the r software alone, we listed 58 packages created to deal with tracking data or 'tracking packages'. Here, we reviewed and described each tracking package based on a workflow centred around tracking data (i.e. spatio-temporal locations (x, y, t)), broken down into three stages: pre-processing, post-processing and analysis, the latter consisting of data visualization, track description, path reconstruction, behavioural pattern identification, space use characterization, trajectory simulation and others. Supporting documentation is key to render a package accessible for users. Based on a user survey, we reviewed the quality of packages' documentation and identified 11 packages with good or excellent documentation. Links between packages were assessed through a network graph analysis. Although a large group of packages showed some degree of connectivity (either depending on functions or suggesting the use of another tracking package), one third of the packages worked in isolation, reflecting a fragmentation in the r movement-ecology programming community. Finally, we provide recommendations for users when choosing packages, and for developers to maximize the usefulness of their contribution and strengthen the links within the programming community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Joo
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Matthew E Boone
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
| | - Thomas A Clay
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Samantha C Patrick
- School of Environmental Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Susana Clusella-Trullas
- Department of Botany and Zoology and Centre for Invasion Biology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Mathieu Basille
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, Fort Lauderdale Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA
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28
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Longest terrestrial migrations and movements around the world. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15333. [PMID: 31654045 PMCID: PMC6814704 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-51884-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-distance terrestrial migrations are imperiled globally. We determined both round-trip migration distances (straight-line measurements between migratory end points) and total annual movement (sum of the distances between successive relocations over a year) for a suite of large mammals that had potential for long-distance movements to test which species displayed the longest of both. We found that caribou likely do exhibit the longest terrestrial migrations on the planet, but, over the course of a year, gray wolves move the most. Our results were consistent with the trophic-level based hypothesis that predators would move more than their prey. Herbivores in low productivity environments moved more than herbivores in more productive habitats. We also found that larger members of the same guild moved less than smaller members, supporting the ‘gastro-centric’ hypothesis. A better understanding of migration and movements of large mammals should aid in their conservation by helping delineate conservation area boundaries and determine priority corridors for protection to preserve connectivity. The magnitude of the migrations and movements we documented should also provide guidance on the scale of conservation efforts required and assist conservation planning across agency and even national boundaries.
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29
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Patin R, Etienne M, Lebarbier E, Chamaillé‐Jammes S, Benhamou S. Identifying stationary phases in multivariate time series for highlighting behavioural modes and home range settlements. J Anim Ecol 2019; 89:44-56. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Patin
- Centre d'Écologie Fonctionnelle et Évolutive CNRS et Université de Montpellier Montpellier France
| | - Marie‐Pierre Etienne
- Institut de recherche mathématique de RennesUniversité de Rennes, AgroCampusOuest Rennes France
| | - Emilie Lebarbier
- Mathématiques et Informatique Appliquées Agroparistech Paris France
| | - Simon Chamaillé‐Jammes
- Centre d'Écologie Fonctionnelle et Évolutive CNRS et Université de Montpellier Montpellier France
- LTSER France Zone Atelier ‘Hwange’ Hwange National Park Dete Zimbabwe
- Department of Zoology & Entomology Mammal Research Institute University of Pretoria Pretoria South Africa
| | - Simon Benhamou
- Centre d'Écologie Fonctionnelle et Évolutive CNRS et Université de Montpellier Montpellier France
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30
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Berg JE, Hebblewhite M, St. Clair CC, Merrill EH. Prevalence and Mechanisms of Partial Migration in Ungulates. Front Ecol Evol 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2019.00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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31
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Johnson JS, Cantrell RS, Cosner C, Hartig F, Hastings A, Rogers HS, Schupp EW, Shea K, Teller BJ, Yu X, Zurell D, Pufal G. Rapid changes in seed dispersal traits may modify plant responses to global change. AOB PLANTS 2019; 11:plz020. [PMID: 31198528 PMCID: PMC6548345 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plz020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
When climatic or environmental conditions change, plant populations must either adapt to these new conditions, or track their niche via seed dispersal. Adaptation of plants to different abiotic environments has mostly been discussed with respect to physiological and demographic parameters that allow local persistence. However, rapid modifications in response to changing environmental conditions can also affect seed dispersal, both via plant traits and via their dispersal agents. Studying such changes empirically is challenging, due to the high variability in dispersal success, resulting from environmental heterogeneity, and substantial phenotypic variability of dispersal-related traits of seeds and their dispersers. The exact mechanisms that drive rapid changes are often not well understood, but the ecological implications of these processes are essential determinants of dispersal success, and deserve more attention from ecologists, especially in the context of adaptation to global change. We outline the evidence for rapid changes in seed dispersal traits by discussing variability due to plasticity or genetics broadly, and describe the specific traits and biological systems in which variability in dispersal is being studied, before discussing some of the potential underlying mechanisms. We then address future research needs and propose a simulation model that incorporates phenotypic plasticity in seed dispersal. We close with a call to action and encourage ecologists and biologist to embrace the challenge of better understanding rapid changes in seed dispersal and their consequences for the reaction of plant populations to global change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy S Johnson
- School of Forestry, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
- Dorena Genetic Resource Center, USDA Forest Service, Cottage Grove, OR, USA
| | | | - Chris Cosner
- Department of Mathematics, The University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Florian Hartig
- Theoretical Ecology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Alan Hastings
- Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Haldre S Rogers
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, USA
| | - Eugene W Schupp
- Department of Wildland Resources & Ecology Center, Utah State University, Logan, UT, USA
| | - Katriona Shea
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Brittany J Teller
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Xiao Yu
- Department of Mathematics, The University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA
| | - Damaris Zurell
- Department of Geography, Humboldt-University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Land Change and Science, Swiss Federal Institute WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland
| | - Gesine Pufal
- Nature Conservation and Landscape Ecology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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32
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Teitelbaum CS, Mueller T. Beyond Migration: Causes and Consequences of Nomadic Animal Movements. Trends Ecol Evol 2019; 34:569-581. [PMID: 30885413 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in animal tracking reveal that many species display irregular movements that do not fall into classical categories of movement patterns such as range residency or migration. Here, we develop a unifying framework that distinguishes these nomadic movements based on their patterns, drivers, and mechanisms. Though they occur in diverse taxa and geographic regions, nomadic movements are united by both their underlying environmental drivers, mainly environmental stochasticity, and the resulting irregular, far-ranging movement patterns. The framework further classifies types of nomadic movements, including full, seasonal, phase, irruptive, and partial nomadism. Nomadic movements can have unique effects on populations, communities, and ecosystems, most notably providing intermittent disturbances and novel introductions of propagules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire S Teitelbaum
- Odum School of Ecology, University of Georgia, 140 E Green St., Athens, GA 30602, USA. https://twitter.com/@cs_teitelbaum
| | - Thomas Mueller
- Department of Biological Sciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt and Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt, Germany. https://twitter.com/@secnkenberg
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33
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Calabrese JM, Fleming CH, Fagan WF, Rimmler M, Kaczensky P, Bewick S, Leimgruber P, Mueller T. Disentangling social interactions and environmental drivers in multi-individual wildlife tracking data. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2019; 373:rstb.2017.0007. [PMID: 29581392 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2017.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
While many animal species exhibit strong conspecific interactions, movement analyses of wildlife tracking datasets still largely focus on single individuals. Multi-individual wildlife tracking studies provide new opportunities to explore how individuals move relative to one another, but such datasets are frequently too sparse for the detailed, acceleration-based analytical methods typically employed in collective motion studies. Here, we address the methodological gap between wildlife tracking data and collective motion by developing a general method for quantifying movement correlation from sparsely sampled data. Unlike most existing techniques for studying the non-independence of individual movements with wildlife tracking data, our approach is derived from an analytically tractable stochastic model of correlated movement. Our approach partitions correlation into a deterministic tendency to move in the same direction termed 'drift correlation' and a stochastic component called 'diffusive correlation'. These components suggest the mechanisms that coordinate movements, with drift correlation indicating external influences, and diffusive correlation pointing to social interactions. We use two case studies to highlight the ability of our approach both to quantify correlated movements in tracking data and to suggest the mechanisms that generate the correlation. First, we use an abrupt change in movement correlation to pinpoint the onset of spring migration in barren-ground caribou. Second, we show how spatial proximity mediates intermittently correlated movements among khulans in the Gobi desert. We conclude by discussing the linkages of our approach to the theory of collective motion.This article is part of the theme issue 'Collective movement ecology'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin M Calabrese
- Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, USA
| | - Christen H Fleming
- Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, USA.,Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - William F Fagan
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Martin Rimmler
- Department of Biology, University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany
| | | | - Sharon Bewick
- Department of Biology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Peter Leimgruber
- Conservation Ecology Center, Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute, Front Royal, VA, USA
| | - Thomas Mueller
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Frankfurt, Germany.,Department of Biological Sciences, University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany
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34
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Noonan MJ, Tucker MA, Fleming CH, Akre TS, Alberts SC, Ali AH, Altmann J, Antunes PC, Belant JL, Beyer D, Blaum N, Böhning‐Gaese K, Cullen L, Paula RC, Dekker J, Drescher‐Lehman J, Farwig N, Fichtel C, Fischer C, Ford AT, Goheen JR, Janssen R, Jeltsch F, Kauffman M, Kappeler PM, Koch F, LaPoint S, Markham AC, Medici EP, Morato RG, Nathan R, Oliveira‐Santos LGR, Olson KA, Patterson BD, Paviolo A, Ramalho EE, Rösner S, Schabo DG, Selva N, Sergiel A, Xavier da Silva M, Spiegel O, Thompson P, Ullmann W, Zięba F, Zwijacz‐Kozica T, Fagan WF, Mueller T, Calabrese JM. A comprehensive analysis of autocorrelation and bias in home range estimation. ECOL MONOGR 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ecm.1344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Noonan
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute National Zoological Park 1500 Remount Road Front Royal Virginia 22630 USA
- Department of Biology University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA
| | - Marlee A. Tucker
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung Senckenberganlage 25 60325 Frankfurt (Main) Germany
- Department of Biological Sciences Goethe University Max‐von‐Laue‐Straße 9 60438 Frankfurt (Main) Germany
| | - Christen H. Fleming
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute National Zoological Park 1500 Remount Road Front Royal Virginia 22630 USA
- Department of Biology University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA
| | - Thomas S. Akre
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute National Zoological Park 1500 Remount Road Front Royal Virginia 22630 USA
| | - Susan C. Alberts
- Departments of Biology and Evolutionary Anthropology Duke University Durham North Carolina 27708 USA
| | | | - Jeanne Altmann
- Department of Ecology and Evolution Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544 USA
| | - Pamela Castro Antunes
- Department of Ecology Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul Campo Grande MS 79070‐900 Brazil
| | - Jerrold L. Belant
- Camp Fire Program in Wildlife Conservation College of Environmental Science and Forestry State University of New York Syracuse New York 13210 USA
| | - Dean Beyer
- Conservation Ecology Faculty of Biology Philipps‐University Marburg Karl‐von‐Frisch Straße 8 Marburg D‐35043 Germany
| | - Niels Blaum
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation University of Potsdam Am Mühlenberg 3 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Katrin Böhning‐Gaese
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung Senckenberganlage 25 60325 Frankfurt (Main) Germany
- Department of Biological Sciences Goethe University Max‐von‐Laue‐Straße 9 60438 Frankfurt (Main) Germany
| | - Laury Cullen
- Instituto de Pesquisas Ecológicas Nazare Paulista Rod. Dom Pedro I, km 47 Caixa Postal 47 ‐ 12960‐000 Nazaré Paulista SP Brazil
| | - Rogerio Cunha Paula
- National Research Center for Carnivores Conservation Chico Mendes Institute for the Conservation of Biodiversity Estrada Municipal Hisaichi Takebayashi 8600 Atibaia SP 12952‐011 Brazil
| | - Jasja Dekker
- Jasja Dekker Dierecologie Enkhuizenstraat 26 6843 WZ Arnhem The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Drescher‐Lehman
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute National Zoological Park 1500 Remount Road Front Royal Virginia 22630 USA
- Department of Biology George Mason University 4400 University Drive Fairfax Virginia 22030 USA
| | - Nina Farwig
- Michigan Department of Natural Resources 1990 U.S. 41 South Marquette Michigan 49855 USA
| | - Claudia Fichtel
- Behavioral Ecology & Sociobiology Unit German Primate Center Kellnerweg 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Christina Fischer
- Restoration Ecology Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management Technische Universität München Emil‐Ramann‐Straße 6 85354 Freising Germany
| | - Adam T. Ford
- Department of Biology University of British Columbia 1177 Research Road Kelowna British Columbia V1V 1V7 Canada
| | - Jacob R. Goheen
- Department of Zoology and Physiology University of Wyoming Laramie Wyoming 82071 USA
| | - René Janssen
- Bionet Natuuronderzoek Valderstraat 39 6171EL Stein The Netherlands
| | - Florian Jeltsch
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation University of Potsdam Am Mühlenberg 3 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Matthew Kauffman
- U.S. Geological Survey Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit Department of Zoology and Physiology University of Wyoming Laramie Wyoming 82071 USA
| | - Peter M. Kappeler
- Behavioral Ecology & Sociobiology Unit German Primate Center Kellnerweg 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Flávia Koch
- Behavioral Ecology & Sociobiology Unit German Primate Center Kellnerweg 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Scott LaPoint
- Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Vogelwarte Radolfzell Am Obstberg 1 D‐78315 Radolfzell Germany
- Lamont‐Doherty Earth Observatory Columbia University Palisades New York 10964 USA
| | - A. Catherine Markham
- Department of Anthropology Stony Brook University Stony Brook New York 11794 USA
| | - Emilia Patricia Medici
- Lowland Tapir Conservation Initiative (LTCI) Instituto de Pesquisas Ecologicas (IPE) & IUCN SSC Tapir Specialist Group (TSG) Rua Licuala 622, Damha 1, CEP: 79046‐150 Campo Grande Mato Grosso do Sul Brazil
| | - Ronaldo G. Morato
- National Research Center for Carnivores Conservation Chico Mendes Institute for the Conservation of Biodiversity Estrada Municipal Hisaichi Takebayashi 8600 Atibaia SP 12952‐011 Brazil
- Institute for the Conservation of Neotropical Carnivores – Pro‐Carnívoros Atibaia SP 12945‐010 Brazil
| | - Ran Nathan
- Movement Ecology Laboratory Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Edmond J. Safra Campus Jerusalem 91904 Israel
| | | | - Kirk A. Olson
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute National Zoological Park 1500 Remount Road Front Royal Virginia 22630 USA
- Wildlife Conservation Society Mongolia Program 201 San Business Center Amar Street 29, Small Ring Road, Sukhbaatar District Post 20A, Box‐21 Ulaanbaatar Mongolia
| | - Bruce D. Patterson
- Integrative Research Center Field Museum of Natural History Chicago Illinois 60605 USA
| | - Agustin Paviolo
- Instituto de Biología Subtropical Universidad Nacional de Misiones and CONICET Bertoni 85 3370 Puerto Iguazú Misiones Argentina
| | - Emiliano Esterci Ramalho
- Institute for the Conservation of Neotropical Carnivores – Pro‐Carnívoros Atibaia SP 12945‐010 Brazil
- Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá Estrada do Bexiga, 2.584 Bairro Fonte Boa Caixa Postal 38 69.553‐225 Tefé Amazonas Brazil
| | - Sascha Rösner
- Michigan Department of Natural Resources 1990 U.S. 41 South Marquette Michigan 49855 USA
| | - Dana G. Schabo
- Michigan Department of Natural Resources 1990 U.S. 41 South Marquette Michigan 49855 USA
| | - Nuria Selva
- Institute of Nature Conservation Polish Academy of Sciences Mickiewicza 33 31‐120 Krakow Poland
| | - Agnieszka Sergiel
- Institute of Nature Conservation Polish Academy of Sciences Mickiewicza 33 31‐120 Krakow Poland
| | - Marina Xavier da Silva
- Projeto Carnívoros do Iguaçu Parque Nacional do Iguaçu BR‐469, Km 22.5, CEP 85851‐970 Foz do Iguaçu PR Brazil
| | - Orr Spiegel
- School of Zoology Faculty of Life Sciences Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv 69978 Israel
| | - Peter Thompson
- Department of Biology University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA
| | - Wiebke Ullmann
- Plant Ecology and Nature Conservation University of Potsdam Am Mühlenberg 3 14476 Potsdam Germany
| | - Filip Zięba
- Tatra National Park Kuźnice 1 34‐500 Zakopane Poland
| | | | - William F. Fagan
- Department of Biology University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA
| | - Thomas Mueller
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung Senckenberganlage 25 60325 Frankfurt (Main) Germany
- Department of Biological Sciences Goethe University Max‐von‐Laue‐Straße 9 60438 Frankfurt (Main) Germany
| | - Justin M. Calabrese
- Smithsonian Conservation Biology Institute National Zoological Park 1500 Remount Road Front Royal Virginia 22630 USA
- Department of Biology University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742 USA
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35
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Sawyer H, Merkle JA, Middleton AD, Dwinnell SPH, Monteith KL. Migratory plasticity is not ubiquitous among large herbivores. J Anim Ecol 2018; 88:450-460. [PMID: 30449042 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.12926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The migratory movements of wild animals can promote abundance and support ecosystem functioning. For large herbivores, mounting evidence suggests that migratory behaviour is an individually variable trait, where individuals can easily switch between migrant and resident tactics. The degree of migratory plasticity, including whether and where to migrate, has important implications for the ecology and conservation of large herbivores in a changing world. Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) are an iconic species of western North America, but are notably absent from the body of literature that suggests large herbivore migrations are highly plastic. We evaluated plasticity of migration in female mule deer using longitudinal GPS data collected from 312 individuals across nine populations in the western United States, including 882 animal-years (801 migrants and 81 residents). We followed both resident and migratory mule deer through time to determine whether individual animals switched migratory behaviours (i.e., whether to migrate) from migratory to residency or vice versa. Additionally, we examined the fidelity of individuals to their migration routes (i.e., where to migrate) to determine whether they used the same routes year after year. We also evaluated whether age and reproductive status affected propensity to migrate or fidelity to migratory routes. Our results indicate that mule deer, unlike other large herbivores, have little or no plasticity in terms of whether or where they migrate. Resident deer remained residents, and migrant deer remained migrants, regardless of age, reproductive status or number of years monitored. Further, migratory individuals showed strong fidelity (>80%) to their migration routes year after year. Our study clearly shows that migration plasticity is not ubiquitous among large herbivores. Because of their rigid migratory behaviour, mule deer may not adapt to changing environmental conditions as readily as large herbivores with more plastic migratory behaviour (e.g., elk). The fixed migratory behaviours of mule deer make clear that conservation efforts aimed at traditional seasonal ranges and migration routes are warranted for sustaining this iconic species that continues to decline across its range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hall Sawyer
- Western Ecosystems Technology, Inc., Laramie, Wyoming
| | - Jerod A Merkle
- Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming
| | - Arthur D Middleton
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Samantha P H Dwinnell
- Haub School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming
| | - Kevin L Monteith
- Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit, Department of Zoology and Physiology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming.,Haub School of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming
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36
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Peters W, Hebblewhite M, Mysterud A, Eacker D, Hewison AJM, Linnell JDC, Focardi S, Urbano F, De Groeve J, Gehr B, Heurich M, Jarnemo A, Kjellander P, Kröschel M, Morellet N, Pedrotti L, Reinecke H, Sandfort R, Sönnichsen L, Sunde P, Cagnacci F. Large herbivore migration plasticity along environmental gradients in Europe: life-history traits modulate forage effects. OIKOS 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.05588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wibke Peters
- Wildlife Biology Program, Dept of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences; Univ. of Montana; Missoula MT USA
- Bavarian State Inst of Forestry (LWF); Hans-Carl-von-Carlowitz-Platz 1 DE-85354 Freising Germany
| | - Mark Hebblewhite
- Wildlife Biology Program, Dept of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences; Univ. of Montana; Missoula MT USA
| | - Atle Mysterud
- Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, Dept Biosciences; Univ. of Oslo; Oslo Norway
| | - Daniel Eacker
- Wildlife Biology Program, Dept of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences; Univ. of Montana; Missoula MT USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Johannes De Groeve
- Dept of Geography; Ghent Univ.; Gent Belgium
- Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology Dept, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach; San Michele all'Adige (TN) Italy
| | - Benedikt Gehr
- Dept of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies; Univ. of Zurich; Zurich Switzerland
- Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, UMR 5175, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS); Montpellier cedex 5 France
| | - Marco Heurich
- Dept of Conservation and Research, Bavarian Forest National Park; Grafenau Germany
| | - Anders Jarnemo
- School of Business and Engineering, Halmstad Univ.; Halmstad Sweden
| | - Petter Kjellander
- Grimsö Wildlife Research Station, Dept. of Ecology, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Science (SLU); Riddarhyttan Sweden
| | - Max Kröschel
- Chair of Wildlife Ecology and Management, Univ. of Freiburg; Freiburg Germany
- Forest Research Inst. of Baden-Wuerttemberg; Germany
| | | | | | - Horst Reinecke
- Univ. of Göttingen, Dept. of Wildlife Sciences & Inst. for Wildlife biology of Göttingen and Dresden; Germany
| | - Robin Sandfort
- Inst. of Wildlife Biology and Game Management, Univ. of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna; Vienna Austria
| | - Leif Sönnichsen
- Mammal Research Inst. Polish Academy of Sciences; Białowieża Poland
- Leibniz Inst. for Zoo and Wildlife Research (IZW); Berlin Germany
| | - Peter Sunde
- Dept. of Bioscience - Wildlife Ecology; Aarhus Univ.; Aarhus Denmark
| | - Francesca Cagnacci
- Biodiversity and Molecular Ecology Dept; Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach; San Michele all'Adige (TN) Italy
- Organismic and Evolutionary Dept; Harvard Univ.; Cambridge MA USA
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37
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38
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Hooten MB, Scharf HR, Hefley TJ, Pearse AT, Weegman MD. Animal movement models for migratory individuals and groups. Methods Ecol Evol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.13016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mevin B. Hooten
- U.S. Geological Survey, Colorado Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research UnitDepartment of Fish, Wildlife, and ConservationDepartment of Fish, Wildlife, and ConservationColorado State University Fort Collins Colorado
- Department of StatisticsColorado State University Fort Collins Colorado
| | - Henry R. Scharf
- Department of StatisticsColorado State University Fort Collins Colorado
| | - Trevor J. Hefley
- Department of StatisticsKansas State University Manhattan Kansas
| | - Aaron T. Pearse
- U.S. Geological SurveyNorthern Prairie Wildlife Research Center Jamestown North Dakota
| | - Mitch D. Weegman
- School of Natural ResourcesUniversity of Missouri Columbia Missouri
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39
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Reid JM, Travis JMJ, Daunt F, Burthe SJ, Wanless S, Dytham C. Population and evolutionary dynamics in spatially structured seasonally varying environments. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018; 93:1578-1603. [PMID: 29575449 PMCID: PMC6849584 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Increasingly imperative objectives in ecology are to understand and forecast population dynamic and evolutionary responses to seasonal environmental variation and change. Such population and evolutionary dynamics result from immediate and lagged responses of all key life‐history traits, and resulting demographic rates that affect population growth rate, to seasonal environmental conditions and population density. However, existing population dynamic and eco‐evolutionary theory and models have not yet fully encompassed within‐individual and among‐individual variation, covariation, structure and heterogeneity, and ongoing evolution, in a critical life‐history trait that allows individuals to respond to seasonal environmental conditions: seasonal migration. Meanwhile, empirical studies aided by new animal‐tracking technologies are increasingly demonstrating substantial within‐population variation in the occurrence and form of migration versus year‐round residence, generating diverse forms of ‘partial migration’ spanning diverse species, habitats and spatial scales. Such partially migratory systems form a continuum between the extreme scenarios of full migration and full year‐round residence, and are commonplace in nature. Here, we first review basic scenarios of partial migration and associated models designed to identify conditions that facilitate the maintenance of migratory polymorphism. We highlight that such models have been fundamental to the development of partial migration theory, but are spatially and demographically simplistic compared to the rich bodies of population dynamic theory and models that consider spatially structured populations with dispersal but no migration, or consider populations experiencing strong seasonality and full obligate migration. Second, to provide an overarching conceptual framework for spatio‐temporal population dynamics, we define a ‘partially migratory meta‐population’ system as a spatially structured set of locations that can be occupied by different sets of resident and migrant individuals in different seasons, and where locations that can support reproduction can also be linked by dispersal. We outline key forms of within‐individual and among‐individual variation and structure in migration that could arise within such systems and interact with variation in individual survival, reproduction and dispersal to create complex population dynamics and evolutionary responses across locations, seasons, years and generations. Third, we review approaches by which population dynamic and eco‐evolutionary models could be developed to test hypotheses regarding the dynamics and persistence of partially migratory meta‐populations given diverse forms of seasonal environmental variation and change, and to forecast system‐specific dynamics. To demonstrate one such approach, we use an evolutionary individual‐based model to illustrate that multiple forms of partial migration can readily co‐exist in a simple spatially structured landscape. Finally, we summarise recent empirical studies that demonstrate key components of demographic structure in partial migration, and demonstrate diverse associations with reproduction and survival. We thereby identify key theoretical and empirical knowledge gaps that remain, and consider multiple complementary approaches by which these gaps can be filled in order to elucidate population dynamic and eco‐evolutionary responses to spatio‐temporal seasonal environmental variation and change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane M Reid
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Zoology Building, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, U.K
| | - Justin M J Travis
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Zoology Building, Tillydrone Avenue, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, U.K
| | - Francis Daunt
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, U.K
| | - Sarah J Burthe
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, U.K
| | - Sarah Wanless
- Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, U.K
| | - Calvin Dytham
- Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, U.K
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40
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Fleming CH, Sheldon D, Gurarie E, Fagan WF, LaPoint S, Calabrese JM. Kálmán filters for continuous-time movement models. ECOL INFORM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoinf.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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