1
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Jin X, Guan W. Progress in the relationship between GDF11 and depression. Life Sci 2024; 341:122507. [PMID: 38378101 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Annually, the frequency of morbidity in depression has increased progressively in response to life stressors, and there is an increasing trend toward younger morbidity. The pathogenesis of depression is complicated and includes factors such as genetic inheritance and variations in physiological functions induced by various environmental factors. Currently, drug therapy has wide adaptability in clinical practice and plays an important role in the treatment of patients with mild depression. However, the therapeutic effects of most antidepressants are typically not significant and are associated with considerable adverse effects and addiction. Therefore, it is imperative to identify the deeper mechanisms of depression and search for alternative drug targets. Growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) is described as an anti-ageing molecule that belongs to a member of the transforming growth factor β family. Additionally, the latest research findings suggested that GDF11 positively regulates neurogenesis and enhances neuronal activity, thereby attenuating depression-like behaviours. Although an increasing number of studies have focused on the multiple functions of GDF11 in skeletal dysplasia and carcinogenesis, its precise mechanism of action in depression remains unknown. Thus, in this review, we discuss the role of GDF11 and its mechanistic pathways in the pathogenesis of depression to develop novel therapies for depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Jin
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China
| | - Wei Guan
- Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy College, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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2
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Dawes WJ, Grant O, Reitemeier SC, Tetlow S, Lee D, Hirst RA, O'Callaghan C. High-Speed Video Microscopy of Ependymal Cilia in Brain Organotypic and Cell Culture Models. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2725:239-250. [PMID: 37856029 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3507-0_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The wall of the ventricular system within the neuraxis is lined almost entirely by E1 ependymal cells, each of which projects multiple motile cilia from their apical surface into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This specialized layer of E1 cells constitutes the border between the CSF and the brain interstitial fluid (BIF), and by controlling influx and efflux across the CSF to BIF interface, it is increasingly recognized to play an integral role in modulating and maintaining the brain microenvironment. The motile cilia have been shown to be responsive to changes in the CSF microenvironment, and while the physiological role of this mechanism remains incompletely understood, manipulating this control mechanism may influence the brain microenvironment potentially opening a new frontier in therapeutic intervention.In this paper, we describe our techniques for preparing organotypic slices from the murine brain parenchyma and establishing cell cultures of multiciliated ependymal cells from mouse and rat neonatal brain tissue. Our methodology generates a functional readout of ciliary function, specifically high-speed video microscopy (HSVM) enables the quantification of ciliary beat frequency (CBF), and characterization of ciliary beat pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Dawes
- Alder Hey Children's Hospital, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
- UCL Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, UK.
| | | | | | - Sarah Tetlow
- Alder Hey Children's Hospital, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Dani Lee
- UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health & GOSH UCL BRC, London, UK
| | - Robert A Hirst
- Centre for PCD Diagnosis and Research, Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
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3
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Caçoilo A, Dortdivanlioglu B, Rusinek H, Weickenmeier J. A multiphysics model to predict periventricular white matter hyperintensity growth during healthy brain aging. BRAIN MULTIPHYSICS 2023; 5:100072. [PMID: 37546181 PMCID: PMC10399513 DOI: 10.1016/j.brain.2023.100072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Periventricular white matter hyperintensities (WMH) are a common finding in medical images of the aging brain and are associated with white matter damage resulting from cerebral small vessel disease, white matter inflammation, and a degeneration of the lateral ventricular wall. Despite extensive work, the etiology of periventricular WMHs remains unclear. We pose that there is a strong coupling between age-related ventricular expansion and the degeneration of the ventricular wall which leads to a dysregulated fluid exchange across this brain-fluid barrier. Here, we present a multiphysics model that couples cerebral atrophy-driven ventricular wall loading with periventricular WMH formation and progression. We use patient data to create eight 2D finite element models and demonstrate the predictive capabilities of our damage model. Our simulations show that we accurately capture the spatiotemporal features of periventricular WMH growth. For one, we observe that damage appears first in both the anterior and posterior horns and then spreads into deeper white matter tissue. For the other, we note that it takes up to 12 years before periventricular WMHs first appear and derive an average annualized periventricular WMH damage growth rate of 15.2 ± 12.7 mm2/year across our models. A sensitivity analysis demonstrated that our model parameters provide sufficient sensitivity to rationalize subject-specific differences with respect to onset time and damage growth. Moreover, we show that the septum pellucidum, a membrane that separates the left and right lateral ventricles, delays the onset of periventricular WMHs at first, but leads to a higher WMH load in the long-term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Caçoilo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, United States of America
| | - Berkin Dortdivanlioglu
- Civil, Architectural, and Environmental Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, United States of America
| | - Henry Rusinek
- Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States of America
| | - Johannes Weickenmeier
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, United States of America
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4
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Visser VL, Caçoilo A, Rusinek H, Weickenmeier J. Mechanical loading of the ventricular wall as a spatial indicator for periventricular white matter degeneration. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 143:105921. [PMID: 37269602 PMCID: PMC10266836 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2023.105921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Progressive white matter degeneration in periventricular and deep white matter regions appears as white matter hyperintensities (WMH) on MRI scans. To date, periventricular WMHs are often associated with vascular dysfunction. Here, we demonstrate that ventricular inflation resulting from cerebral atrophy and hemodynamic pulsation with every heartbeat leads to a mechanical loading state of periventricular tissues that significantly affects the ventricular wall. Specifically, we present a physics-based modeling approach that provides a rationale for ependymal cell involvement in periventricular WMH formation. Building on eight previously created 2D finite element brain models, we introduce novel mechanomarkers for ependymal cell loading and geometric measures that characterize lateral ventricular shape. We show that our novel mechanomarkers, such as maximum ependymal cell deformations and maximum curvature of the ventricular wall, spatially overlap with periventricular WMH locations and are sensitive predictors for WMH formation. We also explore the role of the septum pellucidum in mitigating mechanical loading of the ventricular wall by constraining the radial expansion of the lateral ventricles during loading. Our models consistently show that ependymal cells are stretched thin only in the horns of the ventricles irrespective of ventricular shape. We therefore pose that periventricular WMH etiology is strongly linked to the deterioration of the over-stretched ventricular wall resulting in CSF leakage into periventricular white matter. Subsequent secondary damage mechanisms, including vascular degeneration, exacerbate lesion formation and lead to progressive growth into deep white matter regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery L Visser
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Andreia Caçoilo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, United States of America
| | - Henry Rusinek
- Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, United States of America
| | - Johannes Weickenmeier
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, United States of America.
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5
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Maeda S, Otani T, Yamada S, Watanabe Y, Ilik SY, Wada S. Biomechanical effects of hyper-dynamic cerebrospinal fluid flow through the cerebral aqueduct in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus patients. J Biomech 2023; 156:111671. [PMID: 37327645 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2023.111671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is an intracranial disease characterized by an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in brain ventricles within the normal range of intracranial pressure. Most NPH in aged patients is idiopathic (iNPH) and without any prior history of intracranial diseases. Although an abnormal increase of CSF stroke volume (hyper-dynamic CSF flow) in the aqueduct between the third and fourth ventricles has received much attention as a clinical evaluation index in iNPH patients, the biomechanical effects of this flow on iNPH pathophysiology are poorly understood. This study aimed to clarify the potential biomechanical effects of hyper-dynamic CSF flow through the aqueduct of iNPH patients using magnetic resonance imaging-based computational simulations. Ventricular geometries and CSF flow rates through aqueducts of 10 iNPH patients and 10 healthy control subjects were obtained from multimodal magnetic resonance images, and these CSF flow fields were simulated using computational fluid dynamics. As biomechanical factors, we evaluated wall shear stress on the ventricular wall and the extent of flow mixing, which potentially disturbs the CSF composition in each ventricle. The results showed that the relatively high CSF flow rate and large and irregular shapes of the aqueduct in iNPH resulted in large wall shear stresses localized in relatively narrow regions. Furthermore, the resulting CSF flow showed a stable cyclic motion in control subjects, whereas strong mixing during transport through the aqueduct was found in patients with iNPH. These findings provide further insights into the clinical and biomechanical correlates of NPH pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shusaku Maeda
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyamacho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Otani
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyamacho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan.
| | - Shigeki Yamada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Science, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 467-8601, Japan; Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies / Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Neurosurgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowacho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Watanabe
- Department of Radiology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Setatsukinowacho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Selin Yavuz Ilik
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyamacho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Shigeo Wada
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyamacho, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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6
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Bao H, Cao J, Chen M, Chen M, Chen W, Chen X, Chen Y, Chen Y, Chen Y, Chen Z, Chhetri JK, Ding Y, Feng J, Guo J, Guo M, He C, Jia Y, Jiang H, Jing Y, Li D, Li J, Li J, Liang Q, Liang R, Liu F, Liu X, Liu Z, Luo OJ, Lv J, Ma J, Mao K, Nie J, Qiao X, Sun X, Tang X, Wang J, Wang Q, Wang S, Wang X, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wu R, Xia K, Xiao FH, Xu L, Xu Y, Yan H, Yang L, Yang R, Yang Y, Ying Y, Zhang L, Zhang W, Zhang W, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Zhou M, Zhou R, Zhu Q, Zhu Z, Cao F, Cao Z, Chan P, Chen C, Chen G, Chen HZ, Chen J, Ci W, Ding BS, Ding Q, Gao F, Han JDJ, Huang K, Ju Z, Kong QP, Li J, Li J, Li X, Liu B, Liu F, Liu L, Liu Q, Liu Q, Liu X, Liu Y, Luo X, Ma S, Ma X, Mao Z, Nie J, Peng Y, Qu J, Ren J, Ren R, Song M, Songyang Z, Sun YE, Sun Y, Tian M, Wang S, Wang S, Wang X, Wang X, Wang YJ, Wang Y, Wong CCL, Xiang AP, Xiao Y, Xie Z, Xu D, Ye J, Yue R, Zhang C, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Zhang YW, Zhang Z, Zhao T, Zhao Y, Zhu D, Zou W, Pei G, Liu GH. Biomarkers of aging. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2023; 66:893-1066. [PMID: 37076725 PMCID: PMC10115486 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2305-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Aging biomarkers are a combination of biological parameters to (i) assess age-related changes, (ii) track the physiological aging process, and (iii) predict the transition into a pathological status. Although a broad spectrum of aging biomarkers has been developed, their potential uses and limitations remain poorly characterized. An immediate goal of biomarkers is to help us answer the following three fundamental questions in aging research: How old are we? Why do we get old? And how can we age slower? This review aims to address this need. Here, we summarize our current knowledge of biomarkers developed for cellular, organ, and organismal levels of aging, comprising six pillars: physiological characteristics, medical imaging, histological features, cellular alterations, molecular changes, and secretory factors. To fulfill all these requisites, we propose that aging biomarkers should qualify for being specific, systemic, and clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hainan Bao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Jiani Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Mengting Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Min Chen
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Clinical Research Center of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China
| | - Yanhao Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yutian Chen
- The Department of Endovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zhiyang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Ageing and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jagadish K Chhetri
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Yingjie Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Junlin Feng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Jun Guo
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Mengmeng Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Chuting He
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yujuan Jia
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Haiping Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Ying Jing
- Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Dingfeng Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Jiaming Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jingyi Li
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Qinhao Liang
- College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Feng Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Healthy Aging Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Xiaoqian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Zuojun Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Oscar Junhong Luo
- Department of Systems Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Jianwei Lv
- School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Jingyi Ma
- The State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Kehang Mao
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Center for Quantitative Biology (CQB), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jiawei Nie
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), International Center for Aging and Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Xinhua Qiao
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xinpei Sun
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jianfang Wang
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Qiaoran Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Clinical Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Center, Medical Research Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, 102218, China
| | - Yaning Wang
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yuhan Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Rimo Wu
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China
| | - Kai Xia
- Center for Stem Cell Biologyand Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Fu-Hui Xiao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China
| | - Lingyan Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yingying Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Haoteng Yan
- Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China
| | - Liang Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Ruici Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Yuanxin Yang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yilin Ying
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center on Aging of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine/Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Le Zhang
- Gerontology Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430000, China
- Institute of Gerontology, Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Wenwan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China
| | - Zhuo Zhang
- Optogenetics & Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
- Research Unit of New Techniques for Live-cell Metabolic Imaging, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Rui Zhou
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, China
| | - Qingchen Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Zhengmao Zhu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China
| | - Feng Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Zhongwei Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Piu Chan
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Chang Chen
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Guobing Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Great Bay Area Geroscience Joint Laboratory, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Hou-Zao Chen
- Department of Biochemistryand Molecular Biology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Jun Chen
- Peking University Research Center on Aging, Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Posttranslational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, School of Basic Medical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Weimin Ci
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Bi-Sen Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Qiurong Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Feng Gao
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, School of Aerospace Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Jing-Dong J Han
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Center for Quantitative Biology (CQB), Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Kai Huang
- Clinic Center of Human Gene Research, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Clinical Research Center of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Metabolic Abnormalities and Vascular Aging, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Department of Cardiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Zhenyu Ju
- Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Ministry of Education, Institute of Ageing and Regenerative Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
| | - Qing-Peng Kong
- CAS Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research of Yunnan Province, Kunming Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Study, KIZ/CUHK Joint Laboratory of Bioresources and Molecular Research in Common Diseases, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223, China.
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Jian Li
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology of National Health Commission, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Baohua Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
| | - Feng Liu
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South Unversity, Changsha, 410011, China.
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
- Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300020, China.
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300000, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300350, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230036, China.
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
- Tianjin Institute of Immunology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Xingguo Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China.
| | - Yong Liu
- College of Life Sciences, TaiKang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Xianghang Luo
- Department of Endocrinology, Endocrinology Research Center, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
| | - Shuai Ma
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Xinran Ma
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Zhiyong Mao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Clinical and Translational Research Center of Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Jing Nie
- The State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Yaojin Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Jing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Jie Ren
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Ruibao Ren
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, State Key Laboratory for Medical Genomics, National Research Center for Translational Medicine (Shanghai), International Center for Aging and Cancer, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- International Center for Aging and Cancer, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, 571199, China.
| | - Moshi Song
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Zhou Songyang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Gene Function and Regulation, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Healthy Aging Research, School of Life Sciences, Institute of Healthy Aging Research, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
- Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Yi Eve Sun
- Stem Cell Translational Research Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200065, China.
| | - Yu Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Department of Medicine and VAPSHCS, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.
| | - Mei Tian
- Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201203, China.
| | - Shusen Wang
- Research Institute of Transplant Medicine, Organ Transplant Center, NHC Key Laboratory for Critical Care Medicine, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300384, China.
| | - Si Wang
- Beijing Municipal Geriatric Medical Research Center, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Aging Translational Medicine Center, International Center for Aging and Cancer, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
| | - Xia Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Xiaoning Wang
- Institute of Geriatrics, The second Medical Center, Beijing Key Laboratory of Aging and Geriatrics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Yan-Jiang Wang
- Department of Neurology and Center for Clinical Neuroscience, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, 400042, China.
| | - Yunfang Wang
- Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Center, Medical Research Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Beijing, 102218, China.
| | - Catherine C L Wong
- Clinical Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Andy Peng Xiang
- Center for Stem Cell Biologyand Tissue Engineering, Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Yichuan Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Zhengwei Xie
- Peking University International Cancer Institute, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing & Qingdao Langu Pharmaceutical R&D Platform, Beijing Gigaceuticals Tech. Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Daichao Xu
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Biology and Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Geriatrics, Medical Center on Aging of Shanghai Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- International Laboratory in Hematology and Cancer, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine/Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Rui Yue
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
| | - Cuntai Zhang
- Gerontology Center of Hubei Province, Wuhan, 430000, China.
- Institute of Gerontology, Department of Geriatrics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Hongbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering, Ministry of Education, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Advanced Medical Technology Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Liang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genomic and Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences and China National Center for Bioinformation, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Yong Zhang
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China.
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Yun-Wu Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disease and Aging Research, Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China.
| | - Zhuohua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Precision Medicine of Hunan Province and Center for Medical Genetics, Institute of Molecular Precision Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China.
- Department of Neurosciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
| | - Tongbiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
| | - Yuzheng Zhao
- Optogenetics & Synthetic Biology Interdisciplinary Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Optogenetic Techniques for Cell Metabolism, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
- Research Unit of New Techniques for Live-cell Metabolic Imaging, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Dahai Zhu
- Bioland Laboratory (Guangzhou Regenerative Medicine and Health Guangdong Laboratory), Guangzhou, 510005, China.
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Weiguo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Gang Pei
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Laboratory of Receptor-Based Biomedicine, The Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200070, China.
| | - Guang-Hui Liu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.
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7
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Ma XY, Yang TT, Liu L, Peng XC, Qian F, Tang FR. Ependyma in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Radiation-Induced Brain Injury and as a Therapeutic Target for Neurotrophic Factors. Biomolecules 2023; 13:754. [PMID: 37238624 PMCID: PMC10216700 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The neuron loss caused by the progressive damage to the nervous system is proposed to be the main pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Ependyma is a layer of ciliated ependymal cells that participates in the formation of the brain-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCB). It functions to promotes the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and the material exchange between CSF and brain interstitial fluid. Radiation-induced brain injury (RIBI) shows obvious impairments of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). In the neuroinflammatory processes after acute brain injury, a large amount of complement proteins and infiltrated immune cells are circulated in the CSF to resist brain damage and promote substance exchange through the BCB. However, as the protective barrier lining the brain ventricles, the ependyma is extremely vulnerable to cytotoxic and cytolytic immune responses. When the ependyma is damaged, the integrity of BCB is destroyed, and the CSF flow and material exchange is affected, leading to brain microenvironment imbalance, which plays a vital role in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and other neurotrophic factors promote the differentiation and maturation of ependymal cells to maintain the integrity of the ependyma and the activity of ependymal cilia, and may have therapeutic potential in restoring the homeostasis of the brain microenvironment after RIBI or during the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yu Ma
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Ting-Ting Yang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Lian Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Xiao-Chun Peng
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Feng Qian
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434023, China
| | - Feng-Ru Tang
- Radiation Physiology Laboratory, Singapore Nuclear Research and Safety Initiative, National University of Singapore, Singapore 138602, Singapore
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8
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Roylance A, Spinty S, Pettorini B. Communicating hydrocephalus and raised intracranial pressure in association with multi-systemic smooth muscle dysfunction syndrome (MSMDS). Childs Nerv Syst 2023; 39:825-828. [PMID: 36271050 DOI: 10.1007/s00381-022-05703-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Multi-systemic smooth muscle dysfunction syndrome (MSMDS) is extremely rare and can manifest in multiple ways. Associated hydrocephalus has not yet been reported. Here, we report a three-year-old girl with communicating hydrocephalus and raised intracranial pressure secondary to MSMDS. Pathological mechanisms are proposed, as is the need to investigate patients diagnosed with MSMDS for ventriculomegaly and raised pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Roylance
- Department of Neurosurgery, Alder Hey Children's Charity NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, England, UK.
| | - Stefan Spinty
- Department of Neurology, Alder Hey Children's Charity NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, England, UK
| | - Benedetta Pettorini
- Department of Neurosurgery, Alder Hey Children's Charity NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, England, UK
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9
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Caçoilo A, Rusinek H, Weickenmeier J. 3D finite-element brain modeling of lateral ventricular wall loading to rationalize periventricular white matter hyperintensity locations. ENGINEERING WITH COMPUTERS 2022; 38:3939-3955. [PMID: 37485473 PMCID: PMC10361695 DOI: 10.1007/s00366-022-01700-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Aging-related periventricular white matter hyperintensities (pvWMHs) are a common observation in medical images of the aging brain. The underlying tissue damage is part of the complex pathophysiology associated with age-related microstructural changes and cognitive decline. PvWMH formation is linked to blood-brain barrier dysfunction from cerebral small vessel disease as well as the accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid in periventricular tissue due to progressive denudation of the ventricular wall. In need of a unifying theory for pvWMH etiology, image-based finite-element modeling is used to demonstrate that ventricular expansion from age-related cerebral atrophy and hemodynamic loading leads to maximum mechanical loading of the ventricular wall in the same locations that show pvWMHs. Ventricular inflation, induced via pressurization of the ventricular wall, creates significant ventricular wall stretch and stress on the ependymal cells lining the wall, that are linked to cerebrospinal fluid leaking from the lateral ventricles into periventricular white matter tissue. Eight anatomically accurate 3D brain models of cognitively healthy subjects with a wide range of ventricular shapes are created. For all models, our simulations show that mechanomarkers of mechanical wall loading are consistently highest in pvWMHs locations (p < 0.05). Maximum principal strain, the ependymal cell thinning ratio, and wall curvature are on average 14%, 8%, and 24% higher in pvWMH regions compared to the remaining ventricular wall, respectively. Computational modeling provides a powerful framework to systematically study pvWMH formation and growth with the goal to develop pharmacological interventions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Caçoilo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
| | - Henry Rusinek
- Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Johannes Weickenmeier
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, USA
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10
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Ota Y, Shah G. Imaging of Normal Brain Aging. Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2022; 32:683-698. [PMID: 35843669 DOI: 10.1016/j.nic.2022.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Understanding normal brain aging physiology is essential to improving healthy human longevity, differentiation, and early detection of diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, which are an enormous social and economic burden. Functional decline, such as reduced physical activity and cognitive abilities, is typically associated with brain aging. The authors summarize the aging brain mechanism and effects of aging on the brain observed by brain structural MR imaging and advanced neuroimaging techniques, such as diffusion tensor imaging and functional MR imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Ota
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Gaurang Shah
- Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, UH B2, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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11
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Norton ES, Whaley LA, Ulloa-Navas MJ, García-Tárraga P, Meneses KM, Lara-Velazquez M, Zarco N, Carrano A, Quiñones-Hinojosa A, García-Verdugo JM, Guerrero-Cázares H. Glioblastoma disrupts the ependymal wall and extracellular matrix structures of the subventricular zone. Fluids Barriers CNS 2022; 19:58. [PMID: 35821139 PMCID: PMC9277938 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-022-00354-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most aggressive and common type of primary brain tumor in adults. Tumor location plays a role in patient prognosis, with tumors proximal to the lateral ventricles (LVs) presenting with worse overall survival, increased expression of stem cell genes, and increased incidence of distal tumor recurrence. This may be due in part to interaction of GBM with factors of the subventricular zone (SVZ), including those contained within the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, direct interaction of GBM tumors with CSF has not been proved and would be hindered in the presence of an intact ependymal cell layer. Methods Here, we investigate the ependymal cell barrier and its derived extracellular matrix (ECM) fractones in the vicinity of a GBM tumor. Patient-derived GBM cells were orthotopically implanted into immunosuppressed athymic mice in locations distal and proximal to the LV. A PBS vehicle injection in the proximal location was included as a control. At four weeks post-xenograft, brain tissue was examined for alterations in ependymal cell health via immunohistochemistry, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Results We identified local invading GBM cells within the LV wall and increased influx of CSF into the LV-proximal GBM tumor bulk compared to controls. In addition to the physical disruption of the ependymal cell barrier, we also identified increased signs of compromised ependymal cell health in LV-proximal tumor-bearing mice. These signs include increased accumulation of lipid droplets, decreased cilia length and number, and decreased expression of cell channel proteins. We additionally identified elevated numbers of small fractones in the SVZ within this group, suggesting increased indirect CSF-contained molecule signaling to tumor cells. Conclusions Our data is the first to show that LV-proximal GBMs physically disrupt the ependymal cell barrier in animal models, resulting in disruptions in ependymal cell biology and increased CSF interaction with the tumor bulk. These findings point to ependymal cell health and CSF-contained molecules as potential axes for therapeutic targeting in the treatment of GBM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12987-022-00354-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily S Norton
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.,Neuroscience Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.,Regenerative Sciences Training Program, Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Lauren A Whaley
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.,Department of Biology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - María José Ulloa-Navas
- Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, CIBERNED, Paterna, Spain.,Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Patricia García-Tárraga
- Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, CIBERNED, Paterna, Spain
| | - Kayleah M Meneses
- Department of Cancer Biology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Graduate Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Natanael Zarco
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | - Anna Carrano
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA
| | | | - José Manuel García-Verdugo
- Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology, University of Valencia, CIBERNED, Paterna, Spain
| | - Hugo Guerrero-Cázares
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, FL, 32224, USA.
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12
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Phosphorylation-dependent proteome of Marcks in ependyma during aging and behavioral homeostasis in the mouse forebrain. GeroScience 2022; 44:2077-2094. [DOI: 10.1007/s11357-022-00517-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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13
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Jochems ACC, Muñoz Maniega S, Del C Valdés Hernández M, Barclay G, Anblagan D, Ballerini L, Meijboom R, Wiseman S, Taylor AM, Corley J, Chappell FM, Backhouse EV, Stringer MS, Dickie DA, Bastin ME, Deary IJ, Cox SR, Wardlaw JM. Contribution of white matter hyperintensities to ventricular enlargement in older adults. Neuroimage Clin 2022; 34:103019. [PMID: 35490587 PMCID: PMC9062739 DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2022.103019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lateral ventricles might increase due to generalized tissue loss related to brain atrophy. Alternatively, they may expand into areas of tissue loss related to white matter hyperintensities (WMH). We assessed longitudinal associations between lateral ventricle and WMH volumes, accounting for total brain volume, blood pressure, history of stroke, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and smoking at ages 73, 76 and 79, in participants from the Lothian Birth Cohort 1936, including MRI data from all available time points. Lateral ventricle volume increased steadily with age, WMH volume change was more variable. WMH volume decreased in 20% and increased in remaining subjects. Over 6 years, lateral ventricle volume increased by 3% per year of age, 0.1% per mm Hg increase in blood pressure, 3.2% per 1% decrease of total brain volume, and 4.5% per 1% increase of WMH volume. Over time, lateral ventricle volumes were 19% smaller in women than men. Ventricular and WMH volume changes are modestly associated and independent of general brain atrophy, suggesting that their underlying processes do not fully overlap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela C C Jochems
- Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Susana Muñoz Maniega
- Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, The University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Maria Del C Valdés Hernández
- Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, The University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Gayle Barclay
- Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Devasuda Anblagan
- Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, The University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lucia Ballerini
- Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, The University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rozanna Meijboom
- Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, The University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Stewart Wiseman
- Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, The University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Adele M Taylor
- Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, The University of Edinburgh, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Janie Corley
- Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, The University of Edinburgh, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Francesca M Chappell
- Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ellen V Backhouse
- Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, The University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Michael S Stringer
- Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - David Alexander Dickie
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, College of Medical, Veterinary & Life Sciences, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mark E Bastin
- Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, The University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Ian J Deary
- Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, The University of Edinburgh, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Simon R Cox
- Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, The University of Edinburgh, UK; Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Joanna M Wardlaw
- Neuroimaging Sciences, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute at the University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Lothian Birth Cohorts Group, The University of Edinburgh, UK.
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14
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Deng S, Gan L, Liu C, Xu T, Zhou S, Guo Y, Zhang Z, Yang GY, Tian H, Tang Y. Roles of Ependymal Cells in the Physiology and Pathology of the Central Nervous System. Aging Dis 2022; 14:468-483. [PMID: 37008045 PMCID: PMC10017161 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2022.0826-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ependymal cells are indispensable components of the central nervous system (CNS). They originate from neuroepithelial cells of the neural plate and show heterogeneity, with at least three types that are localized in different locations of the CNS. As glial cells in the CNS, accumulating evidence demonstrates that ependymal cells play key roles in mammalian CNS development and normal physiological processes by controlling the production and flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), brain metabolism, and waste clearance. Ependymal cells have been attached to great importance by neuroscientists because of their potential to participate in CNS disease progression. Recent studies have demonstrated that ependymal cells participate in the development and progression of various neurological diseases, such as spinal cord injury and hydrocephalus, raising the possibility that they may serve as a potential therapeutic target for the disease. This review focuses on the function of ependymal cells in the developmental CNS as well as in the CNS after injury and discusses the underlying mechanisms of controlling the functions of ependymal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yaohui Tang
- Correspondence should be addressed to: Dr. Yaohui Tang, Med-X Research Institute and School of Biomedical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. .
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15
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Dawes W. Secondary Brain Injury Following Neonatal Intraventricular Hemorrhage: The Role of the Ciliated Ependyma. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:887606. [PMID: 35844746 PMCID: PMC9280684 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.887606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraventricular hemorrhage is recognized as a leading cause of hydrocephalus in the developed world and a key determinant of neurodevelopmental outcome following premature birth. Even in the absence of haemorrhagic infarction or posthaemorrhagic hydrocephalus, there is increasing evidence of neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental sequelae. The pathophysiology underlying this injury is thought to be due to a primary destructive and secondary developmental insult, but the exact mechanisms remain elusive and this has resulted in a paucity of therapeutic interventions. The presence of blood within the cerebrospinal fluid results in the loss of the delicate neurohumoral gradient within the developing brain, adversely impacting on the tightly regulated temporal and spatial control of cell proliferation and migration of the neural stem progenitor cells within the subventricular zone. In addition, haemolysis of the erythrocytes, associated with the release of clotting factors and leucocytes into the cerebrospinal (CSF), results in a toxic and inflammatory CSF microenvironment which is harmful to the periventricular tissues, resulting in damage and denudation of the multiciliated ependymal cells which line the choroid plexus and ventricular system. The ependyma plays a critical role in the developing brain and beyond, acting as both a protector and gatekeeper to the underlying parenchyma, controlling influx and efflux across the CSF to brain interstitial fluid interface. In this review I explore the hypothesis that damage and denudation of the ependymal layer at this critical juncture in the developing brain, seen following IVH, may adversely impact on the brain microenvironment, exposing the underlying periventricular tissues to toxic and inflammatory CSF, further exacerbating disordered activity within the subventricular zone (SVZ). By understanding the impact that intraventricular hemorrhage has on the microenvironment within the CSF, and the consequences that this has on the multiciliated ependymal cells which line the neuraxis, we can begin to develop and test novel therapeutic interventions to mitigate damage and reduce the associated morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Dawes
- Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital BRC, London, United Kingdom
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16
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Bolin PK, Gosnell SN, Brandel-Ankrapp K, Srinivasan N, Castellanos A, Salas R. Decreased Brain Ventricular Volume in Psychiatric Inpatients with Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Treatment. CHRONIC STRESS (THOUSAND OAKS, CALIF.) 2022; 6:24705470221111092. [PMID: 35859799 PMCID: PMC9290100 DOI: 10.1177/24705470221111092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Brain ventricles have been reported to be enlarged in several neuropsychiatric disorders and in aging. Whether human cerebral ventricular volume can decrease over time with psychiatric treatment is not well-studied. The aim of this study was to examine whether inpatients taking serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRI) exhibited reductions in cerebral ventricular volume. Methods Psychiatric inpatients, diagnosed mainly with depression, substance use, anxiety, and personality disorders, underwent two imaging sessions (Time 1 and Time 2, approximately 4 weeks apart). FreeSurfer was used to quantify volumetric features of the brain, and ANOVA was used to analyze ventricular volume differences between Time 1 and Time 2. Inpatients' brain ventricle volumes were normalized by dividing by estimated total intracranial volume (eTIV). Clinical features such as depression and anxiety levels were collected at Time 1, Time 1.5 (approximately 2 weeks apart), and Time 2. Results Inpatients consistently taking SRIs (SRI + , n = 44) showed statistically significant reductions of brain ventricular volumes particularly for their left and right lateral ventricular volumes. Reductions in their third ventricular volume were close to significance (p = .068). The inpatients that did not take SRIs (SRI-, n = 25) showed no statistically significant changes in brain ventricular volumes. The SRI + group also exhibited similar brain structural features to the healthy control group based on the 90% confidence interval comparsions on brain ventricular volume parameters, whereas the SRI- group still exhibited relatively enlarged brain ventricular volumes after treatment. Conclusions SRI treatment was associated with decreased brain ventricle volume over treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- PK Bolin
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Drug Discovery (CDD), Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - SN Gosnell
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - K Brandel-Ankrapp
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - A Castellanos
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - R Salas
- Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
- The Menninger Clinic, Houston, TX, USA
- Center for Translational Research on Inflammatory Diseases, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
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17
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Blinkouskaya Y, Caçoilo A, Gollamudi T, Jalalian S, Weickenmeier J. Brain aging mechanisms with mechanical manifestations. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 200:111575. [PMID: 34600936 PMCID: PMC8627478 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Brain aging is a complex process that affects everything from the subcellular to the organ level, begins early in life, and accelerates with age. Morphologically, brain aging is primarily characterized by brain volume loss, cortical thinning, white matter degradation, loss of gyrification, and ventricular enlargement. Pathophysiologically, brain aging is associated with neuron cell shrinking, dendritic degeneration, demyelination, small vessel disease, metabolic slowing, microglial activation, and the formation of white matter lesions. In recent years, the mechanics community has demonstrated increasing interest in modeling the brain's (bio)mechanical behavior and uses constitutive modeling to predict shape changes of anatomically accurate finite element brain models in health and disease. Here, we pursue two objectives. First, we review existing imaging-based data on white and gray matter atrophy rates and organ-level aging patterns. This data is required to calibrate and validate constitutive brain models. Second, we review the most critical cell- and tissue-level aging mechanisms that drive white and gray matter changes. We focuse on aging mechanisms that ultimately manifest as organ-level shape changes based on the idea that the integration of imaging and mechanical modeling may help identify the tipping point when normal aging ends and pathological neurodegeneration begins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yana Blinkouskaya
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, United States
| | - Andreia Caçoilo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, United States
| | - Trisha Gollamudi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, United States
| | - Shima Jalalian
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, United States
| | - Johannes Weickenmeier
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030, United States.
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18
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Visser VL, Rusinek H, Weickenmeier J. Peak ependymal cell stretch overlaps with the onset locations of periventricular white matter lesions. Sci Rep 2021; 11:21956. [PMID: 34753951 PMCID: PMC8578319 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-00610-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep and periventricular white matter hyperintensities (dWMH/pvWMH) are bright appearing white matter tissue lesions in T2-weighted fluid attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance images and are frequent observations in the aging human brain. While early stages of these white matter lesions are only weakly associated with cognitive impairment, their progressive growth is a strong indicator for long-term functional decline. DWMHs are typically associated with vascular degeneration in diffuse white matter locations; for pvWMHs, however, no unifying theory exists to explain their consistent onset around the horns of the lateral ventricles. We use patient imaging data to create anatomically accurate finite element models of the lateral ventricles, white and gray matter, and cerebrospinal fluid, as well as to reconstruct their WMH volumes. We simulated the mechanical loading of the ependymal cells forming the primary brain-fluid interface, the ventricular wall, and its surrounding tissues at peak ventricular pressure during the hemodynamic cycle. We observe that both the maximum principal tissue strain and the largest ependymal cell stretch consistently localize in the anterior and posterior horns. Our simulations show that ependymal cells experience a loading state that causes the ventricular wall to be stretched thin. Moreover, we show that maximum wall loading coincides with the pvWMH locations observed in our patient scans. These results warrant further analysis of white matter pathology in the periventricular zone that includes a mechanics-driven deterioration model for the ventricular wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valery L Visser
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, 8006, Switzerland
| | - Henry Rusinek
- Department of Radiology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Johannes Weickenmeier
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA.
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19
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Yamada S, Ishikawa M, Nozaki K. Exploring mechanisms of ventricular enlargement in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus: a role of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics and motile cilia. Fluids Barriers CNS 2021; 18:20. [PMID: 33874972 PMCID: PMC8056523 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-021-00243-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 02/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is considered an age-dependent chronic communicating hydrocephalus associated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) malabsorption; however, the aetiology of ventricular enlargement in iNPH has not yet been elucidated. There is accumulating evidence that support the hypothesis that various alterations in CSF dynamics contribute to ventricle dilatation in iNPH. This review focuses on CSF dynamics associated with ventriculomegaly and summarises the current literature based on three potential aetiology factors: genetic, environmental and hydrodynamic. The majority of gene mutations that cause communicating hydrocephalus were associated with an abnormal structure or dysfunction of motile cilia on the ventricular ependymal cells. Aging, alcohol consumption, sleep apnoea, diabetes and hypertension are candidates for the risk of developing iNPH, although there is no prospective cohort study to investigate the risk factors for iNPH. Alcohol intake may be associated with the dysfunction of ependymal cilia and sustained high CSF sugar concentration due to uncontrolled diabetes increases the fluid viscosity which in turn increases the shear stress on the ventricular wall surface. Sleep apnoea, diabetes and hypertension are known to be associated with the impairment of CSF and interstitial fluid exchange. Oscillatory shear stress to the ventricle wall surfaces is considerably increased by reciprocating bidirectional CSF movements in iNPH. Increased oscillatory shear stress impedes normal cilia beating, leading to motile cilia shedding from the ependymal cells. At the lack of ciliary protection, the ventricular wall is directly exposed to increased oscillatory shear stress. Additionally, increased oscillatory shear stress may be involved in activating the flow-mediated dilation signalling of the ventricular wall. In conclusion, as the CSF stroke volume at the cerebral aqueduct increases, the oscillatory shear stress increases, promoting motor cilia shedding and loss of ependymal cell coverage. These are considered to be the leading causes of ventricular enlargement in iNPH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Yamada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan. .,Department of Neurosurgery and Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Center, Rakuwakai Otowa Hospital, Kyoto, Japan. .,Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies, Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Masatsune Ishikawa
- Department of Neurosurgery and Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Center, Rakuwakai Otowa Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.,Rakuwa Villa Ilios, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nozaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
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20
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Yamada S, Ito H, Ishikawa M, Yamamoto K, Yamaguchi M, Oshima M, Nozaki K. Quantification of Oscillatory Shear Stress from Reciprocating CSF Motion on 4D Flow Imaging. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2021; 42:479-486. [PMID: 33478942 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a6941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Oscillatory shear stress could not be directly measured in consideration of direction, although cerebrospinal fluid has repetitive movements synchronized with heartbeat. Our aim was to evaluate the important of oscillatory shear stress in the cerebral aqueduct and foramen magnum in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus by comparing it with wall shear stress and the oscillatory shear index in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. MATERIALS AND METHODS By means of the 4D flow application, oscillatory shear stress, wall shear stress, and the oscillatory shear index were measured in 41 patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus, 23 with co-occurrence of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus and Alzheimer-type dementia, and 9 age-matched controls. These shear stress parameters at the cerebral aqueduct were compared with apertures and stroke volumes at the foramen of Magendie and cerebral aqueduct. RESULTS Two wall shear stress magnitude peaks during a heartbeat were changed to periodic oscillation by converting oscillatory shear stress. The mean oscillatory shear stress amplitude and time-averaged wall shear stress values at the dorsal and ventral regions of the cerebral aqueduct in the idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus groups were significantly higher than those in controls. Furthermore, those at the ventral region of the cerebral aqueduct in the idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus group were also significantly higher than those in the co-occurrence of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus with Alzheimer-type dementia group. The oscillatory shear stress amplitude at the dorsal region of the cerebral aqueduct was significantly associated with foramen of Magendie diameters, whereas it was strongly associated with the stroke volume at the upper end of the cerebral aqueduct rather than that at the foramen of Magendie. CONCLUSIONS Oscillatory shear stress, which reflects wall shear stress vector changes better than the conventional wall shear stress magnitude and the oscillatory shear index, can be directly measured on 4D flow MR imaging. Oscillatory shear stress at the cerebral aqueduct was considerably higher in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yamada
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.Y., K.N.), Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan .,Department of Neurosurgery and Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Center (S.Y., K.Y., M.Y.), Rakuwakai Otowa Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.,Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies/Institute of Industrial Science (S.Y., M.O.), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Ito
- Medical System Research and Development Center (H.I.), Fujifilm Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - K Yamamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery and Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Center (S.Y., K.Y., M.Y.), Rakuwakai Otowa Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Yamaguchi
- Department of Neurosurgery and Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Center (S.Y., K.Y., M.Y.), Rakuwakai Otowa Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Oshima
- Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies/Institute of Industrial Science (S.Y., M.O.), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - K Nozaki
- From the Department of Neurosurgery (S.Y., K.N.), Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
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21
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Yang HW, Lee S, Yang D, Dai H, Zhang Y, Han L, Zhao S, Zhang S, Ma Y, Johnson MF, Rattray AK, Johnson TA, Wang G, Zheng S, Carroll RS, Park PJ, Johnson MD. Deletions in CWH43 cause idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e13249. [PMID: 33459505 PMCID: PMC7933959 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202013249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a neurological disorder that occurs in about 1% of individuals over age 60 and is characterized by enlarged cerebral ventricles, gait difficulty, incontinence, and cognitive decline. The cause and pathophysiology of iNPH are largely unknown. We performed whole exome sequencing of DNA obtained from 53 unrelated iNPH patients. Two recurrent heterozygous loss of function deletions in CWH43 were observed in 15% of iNPH patients and were significantly enriched 6.6‐fold and 2.7‐fold, respectively, when compared to the general population. Cwh43 modifies the lipid anchor of glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐anchored proteins. Mice heterozygous for CWH43 deletion appeared grossly normal but displayed hydrocephalus, gait and balance abnormalities, decreased numbers of ependymal cilia, and decreased localization of glycosylphosphatidylinositol‐anchored proteins to the apical surfaces of choroid plexus and ependymal cells. Our findings provide novel mechanistic insights into the origins of iNPH and demonstrate that it represents a distinct disease entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Wei Yang
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Semin Lee
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dejun Yang
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Huijun Dai
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Yan Zhang
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Lei Han
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sijun Zhao
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Shuo Zhang
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Yan Ma
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Marciana F Johnson
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anna K Rattray
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Tatyana A Johnson
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - George Wang
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shaokuan Zheng
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Rona S Carroll
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peter J Park
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mark D Johnson
- University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,UMass Memorial Health Care, Worcester, MA, USA
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22
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Castaneyra-Ruiz L, McAllister JP, Morales DM, Brody SL, Isaacs AM, Limbrick DD. Preterm intraventricular hemorrhage in vitro: modeling the cytopathology of the ventricular zone. Fluids Barriers CNS 2020; 17:46. [PMID: 32690048 PMCID: PMC7372876 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-020-00210-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is one of the most devastating neurological complications in preterm infants, with the majority suffering long-term neurological morbidity and up to 50% developing post-hemorrhagic hydrocephalus (PHH). Despite the importance of this disease, its cytopathological mechanisms are not well known. An in vitro model of IVH is required to investigate the effects of blood and its components on the developing ventricular zone (VZ) and its stem cell niche. To address this need, we developed a protocol from our accepted in vitro model to mimic the cytopathological conditions of IVH in the preterm infant. METHODS Maturing neuroepithelial cells from the VZ were harvested from the entire lateral ventricles of wild type C57BL/6 mice at 1-4 days of age and expanded in proliferation media for 3-5 days. At confluence, cells were re-plated onto 24-well plates in differentiation media to generate ependymal cells (EC). At approximately 3-5 days, which corresponded to the onset of EC differentiation based on the appearance of multiciliated cells, phosphate-buffered saline for controls or syngeneic whole blood for IVH was added to the EC surface. The cells were examined for the expression of EC markers of differentiation and maturation to qualitatively and quantitatively assess the effect of blood exposure on VZ transition from neuroepithelial cells to EC. DISCUSSION This protocol will allow investigators to test cytopathological mechanisms contributing to the pathology of IVH with high temporal resolution and query the impact of injury to the maturation of the VZ. This technique recapitulates features of normal maturation of the VZ in vitro, offering the capacity to investigate the developmental features of VZ biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leandro Castaneyra-Ruiz
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine and the St. Louis Children's Hospital, Campus Box 8057, 660 South Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.
| | - James P McAllister
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine and the St. Louis Children's Hospital, Campus Box 8057, 660 South Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Diego M Morales
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine and the St. Louis Children's Hospital, Campus Box 8057, 660 South Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Steven L Brody
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - Albert M Isaacs
- Department of Neuroscience, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
| | - David D Limbrick
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine and the St. Louis Children's Hospital, Campus Box 8057, 660 South Euclid Ave., St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA
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23
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Hudobenko J, Ganesh BP, Jiang J, Mohan EC, Lee S, Sheth S, Morales D, Zhu L, Kofler JK, Pautler RG, McCullough LD, Chauhan A. Growth differentiation factor-11 supplementation improves survival and promotes recovery after ischemic stroke in aged mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:8049-8066. [PMID: 32365331 PMCID: PMC7244081 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Growth differentiation factor (GDF) 11 levels decline with aging. The age-related loss of GDF 11 has been implicated in the pathogenesis of a variety of age-related diseases. GDF11 supplementation reversed cardiac hypertrophy, bone loss, and pulmonary dysfunction in old mice, suggesting that GDF11 has a rejuvenating effect. Less is known about the potential of GDF11 to improve recovery after an acute injury, such as stroke, in aged mice. GDF11/8 levels were assessed in young and aged male mice and in postmortem human brain samples. Aged mice were subjected to a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). Five days after MCAo, mice received and bromodeoxyuridine / 5-Bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) and either recombinant GDF11 or vehicle for five days and were assessed for recovery for one month following stroke. MRI was used to determine cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume, corpus callosum (CC) area, and brain atrophy at 30 days post-stroke. Immunohistochemistry was used to assess gliosis, neurogenesis, angiogenesis and synaptic density. Lower GDF11/8 levels were found with age in both mice and humans (p<0.05). GDF11 supplementation reduced mortality and improved sensorimotor deficits after stroke. Treatment also reduced brain atrophy and gliosis, increased angiogenesis, improved white matter integrity, and reduced inflammation after stroke. GDF11 may have a role in brain repair after ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Hudobenko
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Bhanu Priya Ganesh
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | | | - Eric C Mohan
- University of Connecticut Health Science Center, Farmington, CT 06030, USA
| | - Songmi Lee
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Sunil Sheth
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Diego Morales
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Liang Zhu
- Biostatistics and Epidemiology Research Design Core, Center for Clinical and Translational Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Julia K Kofler
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | | | - Louise D McCullough
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Memorial Hermann Hospital, Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Anjali Chauhan
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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24
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Yamada S, Ishikawa M, Ito H, Yamamoto K, Yamaguchi M, Oshima M, Nozaki K. Cerebrospinal fluid dynamics in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus on four-dimensional flow imaging. Eur Radiol 2020; 30:4454-4465. [PMID: 32246220 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-020-06825-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate complex CSF movements and shear stress in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) on four-dimensional (4D) flow MRI. METHODS Three-dimensional velocities and volumes of the reciprocating CSF movements through 12 ROIs from the foramen of Monro to the upper cervical spine were measured in 41 patients with iNPH, 23 patients with co-occurrence of iNPH and Alzheimer's disease (AD), and 9 age-matched controls, using 4D flow imaging and application. Stroke volume, reversed-flow rate, and shear stress were automatically calculated. Relationships between flow-related parameters and morphological measurements were also assessed. RESULTS Stroke volumes, reversed-flow rates, and shear stress at the cerebral aqueduct were significantly higher in patients with iNPH than in controls. Patients with pure iNPH had significantly higher shear stress at the ventral aspect of the cerebral aqueduct than those with co-occurrence of iNPH and AD. The stroke volume at the upper end of the cerebral aqueduct had the strongest association with the anteroposterior diameter of the lower end of the cerebral aqueduct (r = 0.52). The stroke volume at the foramen of Monro had significant associations with the indices specific to iNPH. The shear stress at the dorsal aspect of the cerebral aqueduct had the strongest association with the diameter of the foramen of Magendie (r = 0.52). CONCLUSIONS Stroke volumes, reversed-flow rates, and shear stress through the cerebral aqueduct on 4D flow MRI are useful parameters for iNPH diagnosis. These findings can aid in elucidating the mechanism of ventricular enlargement in iNPH. KEY POINTS • The CSF stroke volume and bimodal shear stress at the cerebral aqueduct were considerably higher in patients with iNPH. • The patients with pure iNPH had significantly higher shear stress at the ventral aspect of the cerebral aqueduct than those with co-occurrence of iNPH and AD. • The shear stress at the cerebral aqueduct was significantly associated with the diameter of the foramen of Magendie.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeki Yamada
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan. .,Department of Neurosurgery and Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Center, Rakuwakai Otowa Hospital, Kyoto, Japan. .,Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies/Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Masatsune Ishikawa
- Department of Neurosurgery and Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Center, Rakuwakai Otowa Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.,Rakuwa Villa Ilios, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Ito
- Medical System Research & Development Center, FUJIFILM Corporation, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuo Yamamoto
- Department of Neurosurgery and Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Center, Rakuwakai Otowa Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamaguchi
- Department of Neurosurgery and Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus Center, Rakuwakai Otowa Hospital, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Marie Oshima
- Interfaculty Initiative in Information Studies/Institute of Industrial Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nozaki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan
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25
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Moura VBL, Milhomem AC, Lima SB, Matos-Silva H, Sugita DM, Vinaud MC, Lino-Júnior RDS. Demyelination in experimental intraventricular neurocysticercosis. ARQUIVOS DE NEURO-PSIQUIATRIA 2020; 78:103-111. [PMID: 32022135 DOI: 10.1590/0004-282x20190155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Neurocysticercosis (NCC) is classified as a neglected tropical disease, which affects mainly Latin America and Africa in spite of some reports in North America and Europe. NCC represents the cause of up to 30% of the reported cases of epilepsy in endemic countries. The NCC injuries present direct relation to the development stage, location, and number of parasites as well as to the host immune response. This study aimed the characterization of the inflammatory response and tissue injuries by means of the analyses of the periventricular and parenchymatous demyelination through the experimental intraventricular NCC infection. Therefore, BALB/c mice were submitted to experimental NCC inoculation with Taenia crassiceps cysticerci. Their brains were removed at 7, 30, 60, and 90 days after the inoculation (DAI), and analyzed after staining with hematoxylin and eosin (HE), Luxol Fast Blue, and Nissl. It was possible to observe ventriculomegaly, inflammatory infiltration composed by polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells, and foamy macrophages. The presence of inflammatory cells was associated with neurodegeneration detected by the areas with demyelination observed initially in the periventricular area and lately in the parenchyma. In conclusion, the presence of cysticerci and the consequent inflammation were able to promote initial periventricular demyelination followed by parenchymatous demyelination as the infection progressed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Analia Cirqueira Milhomem
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical e Saúde Pública, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia GO, Brazil
| | - Sarah Buzaim Lima
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical e Saúde Pública, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia GO, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mariana Clare Vinaud
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia GO, Brazil
| | - Ruy de Souza Lino-Júnior
- Universidade Federal de Goiás, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Goiânia GO, Brazil
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26
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Monaco S, Baur K, Hellwig A, Hölzl-Wenig G, Mandl C, Ciccolini F. A Flow Cytometry-Based Approach for the Isolation and Characterization of Neural Stem Cell Primary Cilia. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 12:519. [PMID: 30692915 PMCID: PMC6339872 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
In the adult mammalian brain, the apical surface of the subependymal zone (SEZ) is covered by many motile ependymal cilia and a few primary cilia originating from rare intermingled neural stem cells (NSCs). In NSCs the primary cilia are key for the transduction of essential extracellular signals such as Sonic hedgehog (SHH) and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). Despite their importance, the analysis of NSC primary cilia is greatly hampered by the fact that they are overwhelmingly outnumbered by the motile cilia. We here take advantage of flow cytometry to purify the two cilia types and allow their molecular characterization. Primary cilia were identified based on immunoreactivity to the marker adenylate cyclase type III (AC3) and differential levels of prominin-1 whereas motile cilia displayed immunoreactivity only to the latter. Consistent with the morphological differences between the two classes of cilia, enrichment of motile cilia positively correlated with size. Moreover, we observed age-dependent variations in the abundance of the two groups of ciliary organelles reflecting the changes associated with their development. The two cilia groups also differed with respect to the expression of signaling molecules, since PDGF receptor (PDGFR)α, smoothened (Smo) and CXC chemokine receptor (CXCR)4 were only detected in isolated primary but not motile cilia. Thus, our novel method of cilia isolation and characterization by flow cytometry has the potential to be extended to the study of cilia from different tissues and organs, providing a powerful tool for the investigation of primary cilia in physiological and pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Monaco
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), Department of Neurobiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Katja Baur
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), Department of Neurobiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hellwig
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), Department of Neurobiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gabriele Hölzl-Wenig
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), Department of Neurobiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Mandl
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), Department of Neurobiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Francesca Ciccolini
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), Department of Neurobiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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27
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Coletti AM, Singh D, Kumar S, Shafin TN, Briody PJ, Babbitt BF, Pan D, Norton ES, Brown EC, Kahle KT, Del Bigio MR, Conover JC. Characterization of the ventricular-subventricular stem cell niche during human brain development. Development 2018; 145:dev.170100. [PMID: 30237244 DOI: 10.1242/dev.170100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Human brain development proceeds via a sequentially transforming stem cell population in the ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ). An essential, but understudied, contributor to V-SVZ stem cell niche health is the multi-ciliated ependymal epithelium, which replaces stem cells at the ventricular surface during development. However, reorganization of the V-SVZ stem cell niche and its relationship to ependymogenesis has not been characterized in the human brain. Based on comprehensive comparative spatiotemporal analyses of cytoarchitectural changes along the mouse and human ventricle surface, we uncovered a distinctive stem cell retention pattern in humans as ependymal cells populate the surface of the ventricle in an occipital-to-frontal wave. During perinatal development, ventricle-contacting stem cells are reduced. By 7 months few stem cells are detected, paralleling the decline in neurogenesis. In adolescence and adulthood, stem cells and neurogenesis are not observed along the lateral wall. Volume, surface area and curvature of the lateral ventricles all significantly change during fetal development but stabilize after 1 year, corresponding with the wave of ependymogenesis and stem cell reduction. These findings reveal normal human V-SVZ development, highlighting the consequences of disease pathologies such as congenital hydrocephalus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda M Coletti
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Deepinder Singh
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Saurabh Kumar
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Tasnuva Nuhat Shafin
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Patrick J Briody
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Benjamin F Babbitt
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Derek Pan
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Emily S Norton
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Eliot C Brown
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Kristopher T Kahle
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pediatrics, and Cellular & Molecular Physiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Marc R Del Bigio
- Department of Pathology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, R3E 3P5, Canada
| | - Joanne C Conover
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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28
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Choi S, Noh D, Kim Y, Jeong I, Choi H, Lee Y, Lee K. Magnetic resonance imaging characteristics of ischemic brain infarction over time in a canine stroke model. J Vet Sci 2018; 19:137-142. [PMID: 28693299 PMCID: PMC5799391 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2018.19.1.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study describes magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results and changes in lateral ventricular size over time in a canine ischemic stroke model. T1- and T2-weighted (T1W, T2W) imaging and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) sequence MRI were performed at 3 h and 3, 8, and 35 days after brain infarct induction. Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) mapping were performed at 8 and 35 days. A total of 29 brain lesions were induced successfully in 12 of 14 beagle dogs. At 3 h, T2W and FLAIR detected hyperintense lesions in three randomly selected dogs. On T1W, all lesions appeared hypointense to isointense at 3 h, isointense (18/29) or hypointense (11/29) at 3 days, hypointense to isointense with peripheral hyperintensity (24/26) at 8 days, and hypointense (18/26) at 35 days. Infarcts on DWI/ADC were hypointense to isointense centrally, with the periphery hyperintense/hyperintense (17/26) at 8 days and hypointense/hyperintense (19/26) at 35 days. A marked increase in lateral ventricular size was observed in dogs with cerebral infarcts. In conclusion, T2W and FLAIR were useful for detecting early stage (3 h to 3 days) brain infarction. T1W and DWI were useful for detecting neuronal necrosis and providing supplemental information for phase evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daji Noh
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | | | | | - Hojung Choi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Youngwon Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea
| | - Kija Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
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29
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Ependymal cilia beating induces an actin network to protect centrioles against shear stress. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2279. [PMID: 29891944 PMCID: PMC5996024 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04676-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiciliated ependymal cells line all brain cavities. The beating of their motile cilia contributes to the flow of cerebrospinal fluid, which is required for brain homoeostasis and functions. Motile cilia, nucleated from centrioles, persist once formed and withstand the forces produced by the external fluid flow and by their own cilia beating. Here, we show that a dense actin network around the centrioles is induced by cilia beating, as shown by the disorganisation of the actin network upon impairment of cilia motility. Moreover, disruption of the actin network, or specifically of the apical actin network, causes motile cilia and their centrioles to detach from the apical surface of ependymal cell. In conclusion, cilia beating controls the apical actin network around centrioles; the mechanical resistance of this actin network contributes, in turn, to centriole stability. Ependymal ciliary beating contributes to the flow of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain ventricles and these cilia resist the flow forces. Here the authors show that the assembly of a dense actin network around the centrioles is induced by cilia beating to protect centrioles against the shear stress generated by ciliary motility.
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30
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Abdi K, Lai CH, Paez-Gonzalez P, Lay M, Pyun J, Kuo CT. Uncovering inherent cellular plasticity of multiciliated ependyma leading to ventricular wall transformation and hydrocephalus. Nat Commun 2018; 9:1655. [PMID: 29695808 PMCID: PMC5916891 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-03812-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Specialized, differentiated cells often perform unique tasks that require them to maintain a stable phenotype. Multiciliated ependymal cells (ECs) are unique glial cells lining the brain ventricles, important for cerebral spinal fluid circulation. While functional ECs are needed to prevent hydrocephalus, they have also been reported to generate new neurons: whether ECs represent a stable cellular population remains unclear. Via a chemical screen we found that mature ECs are inherently plastic, with their multiciliated state needing constant maintenance by the Foxj1 transcription factor, which paradoxically is rapidly turned over by the ubiquitin-proteasome system leading to cellular de-differentiation. Mechanistic analyses revealed a novel NF-κB-independent IKK2 activity stabilizing Foxj1 in mature ECs, and we found that known IKK2 inhibitors including viruses and growth factors robustly induced Foxj1 degradation, EC de-differentiation, and hydrocephalus. Although mature ECs upon de-differentiation can divide and regenerate multiciliated ECs, we did not detect evidence supporting EC’s neurogenic potential. Multiciliated ependymal cells (ECs) in the mammalian brain are glial cells facilitating cerebral spinal fluid movement. This study describes an inherent cellular plasticity of ECs as maintained by Foxj1 and IKK2 signaling, and shows resulting hydrocephalus when EC de-differentiation is triggered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadar Abdi
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Chun-Hsiang Lai
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | | | - Mark Lay
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Joon Pyun
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Chay T Kuo
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA. .,Department of Neurobiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA. .,Preston Robert Tisch Brain Tumor Center, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA. .,Brumley Neonatal/Perinatal Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA. .,Institute for Brain Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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31
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Pellegrino G, Trubert C, Terrien J, Pifferi F, Leroy D, Loyens A, Migaud M, Baroncini M, Maurage CA, Fontaine C, Prévot V, Sharif A. A comparative study of the neural stem cell niche in the adult hypothalamus of human, mouse, rat and gray mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus). J Comp Neurol 2018; 526:1419-1443. [PMID: 29230807 DOI: 10.1002/cne.24376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The adult brain contains niches of neural stem cells that continuously add new neurons to selected circuits throughout life. Two niches have been extensively studied in various mammalian species including humans, the subventricular zone of the lateral ventricles and the subgranular zone of the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Recently, studies conducted mainly in rodents have identified a third neurogenic niche in the adult hypothalamus. In order to evaluate whether a neural stem cell niche also exists in the adult hypothalamus in humans, we performed multiple immunofluorescence labeling to assess the expression of a panel of neural stem/progenitor cell (NPC) markers (Sox2, nestin, vimentin, GLAST, GFAP) in the human hypothalamus and compared them with the mouse, rat and a non-human primate species, the gray mouse lemur (Microcebus murinus). Our results show that the adult human hypothalamus contains four distinct populations of cells that express the five NPC markers: (a) a ribbon of small stellate cells that lines the third ventricular wall behind a hypocellular gap, similar to that found along the lateral ventricles, (b) ependymal cells, (c) tanycytes, which line the floor of the third ventricle in the tuberal region, and (d) a population of small stellate cells in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. In the mouse, rat and mouse lemur hypothalamus, co-expression of NPC markers is primarily restricted to tanycytes, and these species lack a ventricular ribbon. Our work thus identifies four cell populations with the antigenic profile of NPCs in the adult human hypothalamus, of which three appear specific to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Pellegrino
- Inserm, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Cedex, France.,University of Lille, School of Medicine, Lille Cedex, France
| | - Claire Trubert
- Inserm, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Cedex, France.,University of Lille, School of Medicine, Lille Cedex, France
| | - Jérémy Terrien
- MECADEV UMR 7179, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Brunoy, France
| | - Fabien Pifferi
- MECADEV UMR 7179, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Brunoy, France
| | - Danièle Leroy
- Inserm, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Cedex, France
| | - Anne Loyens
- Inserm, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Cedex, France
| | - Martine Migaud
- INRA, UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France.,CNRS, UMR7247, Nouzilly, France; Université de Tours, Tours, France.,Institut Français du Cheval et de l'Equitation (IFCE), Nouzilly, France
| | - Marc Baroncini
- Inserm, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Cedex, France.,University of Lille, School of Medicine, Lille Cedex, France.,Department of Neurosurgery, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Claude-Alain Maurage
- Inserm, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Cedex, France.,University of Lille, School of Medicine, Lille Cedex, France.,Department of Neuropathology, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Christian Fontaine
- University of Lille, School of Medicine, Lille Cedex, France.,Laboratory of Anatomy, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | - Vincent Prévot
- Inserm, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Cedex, France.,University of Lille, School of Medicine, Lille Cedex, France
| | - Ariane Sharif
- Inserm, Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, Development and Plasticity of the Neuroendocrine Brain, Lille Cedex, France.,University of Lille, School of Medicine, Lille Cedex, France
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32
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Todd KL, Brighton T, Norton ES, Schick S, Elkins W, Pletnikova O, Fortinsky RH, Troncoso JC, Molfese PJ, Resnick SM, Conover JC. Ventricular and Periventricular Anomalies in the Aging and Cognitively Impaired Brain. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 9:445. [PMID: 29379433 PMCID: PMC5771258 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ventriculomegaly (expansion of the brain’s fluid-filled ventricles), a condition commonly found in the aging brain, results in areas of gliosis where the ependymal cells are replaced with dense astrocytic patches. Loss of ependymal cells would compromise trans-ependymal bulk flow mechanisms required for clearance of proteins and metabolites from the brain parenchyma. However, little is known about the interplay between age-related ventricle expansion, the decline in ependymal integrity, altered periventricular fluid homeostasis, abnormal protein accumulation and cognitive impairment. In collaboration with the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging (BLSA) and Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), we analyzed longitudinal structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and subject-matched fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MRI and periventricular biospecimens to map spatiotemporally the progression of ventricle expansion and associated periventricular edema and loss of transependymal exchange functions in healthy aging individuals and those with varying degrees of cognitive impairment. We found that the trajectory of ventricle expansion and periventricular edema progression correlated with degree of cognitive impairment in both speed and severity, and confirmed that areas of expansion showed ventricle surface gliosis accompanied by edema and periventricular accumulation of protein aggregates, suggesting impaired clearance mechanisms in these regions. These findings reveal pathophysiological outcomes associated with normal brain aging and cognitive impairment, and indicate that a multifactorial analysis is best suited to predict and monitor cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krysti L Todd
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Tessa Brighton
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Emily S Norton
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Samuel Schick
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Wendy Elkins
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Olga Pletnikova
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Richard H Fortinsky
- UConn Center on Aging, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Juan C Troncoso
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Peter J Molfese
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
| | - Susan M Resnick
- Laboratory of Behavioral Neuroscience, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Joanne C Conover
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, United States
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33
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Griesbach GS, Masel BE, Helvie RE, Ashley MJ. The Impact of Traumatic Brain Injury on Later Life: Effects on Normal Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases. J Neurotrauma 2017; 35:17-24. [PMID: 28920532 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2017.5103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The acute and chronic effects of traumatic brain injury (TBI) have been widely described; however, there is limited knowledge on how a TBI sustained during early adulthood or mid-adulthood will influence aging. Epidemiological studies have explored whether TBI poses a risk for dementia and other neurodegenerative diseases associated with aging. We will discuss the influence of TBI and resulting medical comorbidities such as endocrine, sleep, and inflammatory disturbances on age-related gray and white matter changes and cognitive decline. Post mortem studies examining amyloid, tau, and other proteins will be discussed within the context of neurodegenerative diseases and chronic traumatic encephalopathy. The data support the suggestion that pathological changes triggered by an earlier TBI will have an influence on normal aging processes and will interact with neurodegenerative disease processes rather than the development of a specific disease, such as Alzheimer's or Parkinson's. Chronic neurophysiologic change after TBI may have detrimental effects on neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace S Griesbach
- 1 Centre for Neuro Skills Clinical Research and Education Foundation , Bakersfield, California.,2 Department of Neurosurgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California , Los Angeles, California
| | - Brent E Masel
- 1 Centre for Neuro Skills Clinical Research and Education Foundation , Bakersfield, California.,3 University of Texas Medical Branch , Galveston, Texas
| | - Richard E Helvie
- 1 Centre for Neuro Skills Clinical Research and Education Foundation , Bakersfield, California
| | - Mark J Ashley
- 1 Centre for Neuro Skills Clinical Research and Education Foundation , Bakersfield, California
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Subdural effusion protects the aging brain from harmful ventriculomegaly. Med Hypotheses 2017; 108:108-114. [PMID: 29055382 DOI: 10.1016/j.mehy.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The human brain loses its volume and its function during aging. The solid part of the brain within the intracranial space, the brain parenchyma, decreases in volume with age; while the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume increases. With progressive loss of brain parenchymal volume (BPV), CSF may shift from cerebral ventricles to the subdural space, forming subdural effusion (SDE), whose role in the brain aging process remains unclear. We hypothesize that damages associated with ventriculomegaly can be lessened after formation of SDE. As the BPV decreases, the enlarged ventricular surface area causes dysfunction of its lining ependymal cells, followed by damages to the periventricular tissue. The periventricular nerve fibers are stretched by the enlarged ventricles. We hypothesize that after the formation of SDE, ventriculomegaly can be stopped or even reversed. By allowing the atrophic brain to reside in a smaller fraction of the intracranial volume, damages associated with ventriculomegaly can be alleviated. If our hypothesis is correct, physicians should continue to maintain a conservative approach for uncomplicated SDE. For focal or global brain parenchymal loss caused by various pathologies, intracranial spacers can be employed to simulate the effect of SDE to protect the brain. For treatment of idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus, aggressive ventricular size reduction should be pursued. Finally, the protective effects of SDE have its limits. Extremely enlarged subdural volume can cause acute or chronic subdural hematoma, further damaging the brain.
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McAllister JP, Guerra MM, Ruiz LC, Jimenez AJ, Dominguez-Pinos D, Sival D, den Dunnen W, Morales DM, Schmidt RE, Rodriguez EM, Limbrick DD. Ventricular Zone Disruption in Human Neonates With Intraventricular Hemorrhage. J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2017; 76:358-375. [PMID: 28521038 DOI: 10.1093/jnen/nlx017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine if ventricular zone (VZ) and subventricular zone (SVZ) alterations are associated with intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) and posthemorrhagic hydrocephalus, we compared postmortem frontal and subcortical brain samples from 12 infants with IVH and 3 nonneurological disease controls without hemorrhages or ventriculomegaly. Birth and expiration estimated gestational ages were 23.0-39.1 and 23.7-44.1 weeks, respectively; survival ranges were 0-42 days (median, 2.0 days). Routine histology and immunohistochemistry for neural stem cells (NSCs), neural progenitors (NPs), multiciliated ependymal cells (ECs), astrocytes (AS), and cell adhesion molecules were performed. Controls exhibited monociliated NSCs and multiciliated ECs lining the ventricles, abundant NPs in the SVZ, and medial vs. lateral wall differences with a complex mosaic organization in the latter. In IVH cases, normal VZ/SVZ areas were mixed with foci of NSC and EC loss, eruption of cells into the ventricle, cytoplasmic transposition of N-cadherin, subependymal rosettes, and periventricular heterotopia. Mature AS populated areas believed to be sites of VZ disruption. The cytopathology and extension of the VZ disruption correlated with developmental age but not with brain hemorrhage grade or location. These results corroborate similar findings in congenital hydrocephalus in animals and humans and indicate that VZ disruption occurs consistently in premature neonates with IVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- James P McAllister
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (JPM, LCR, DMM, DDL); Instituto de Antomía, Histologia y Patologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile (MMG, EMR); Instituto de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain (AJJ, DDP); Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (DS, WD); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (RES); and Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (DDL)
| | - Maria Montserrat Guerra
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (JPM, LCR, DMM, DDL); Instituto de Antomía, Histologia y Patologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile (MMG, EMR); Instituto de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain (AJJ, DDP); Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (DS, WD); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (RES); and Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (DDL)
| | - Leandro Castaneyra Ruiz
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (JPM, LCR, DMM, DDL); Instituto de Antomía, Histologia y Patologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile (MMG, EMR); Instituto de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain (AJJ, DDP); Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (DS, WD); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (RES); and Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (DDL)
| | - Antonio J Jimenez
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (JPM, LCR, DMM, DDL); Instituto de Antomía, Histologia y Patologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile (MMG, EMR); Instituto de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain (AJJ, DDP); Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (DS, WD); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (RES); and Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (DDL)
| | - Dolores Dominguez-Pinos
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (JPM, LCR, DMM, DDL); Instituto de Antomía, Histologia y Patologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile (MMG, EMR); Instituto de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain (AJJ, DDP); Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (DS, WD); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (RES); and Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (DDL)
| | - Deborah Sival
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (JPM, LCR, DMM, DDL); Instituto de Antomía, Histologia y Patologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile (MMG, EMR); Instituto de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain (AJJ, DDP); Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (DS, WD); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (RES); and Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (DDL)
| | - Wilfred den Dunnen
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (JPM, LCR, DMM, DDL); Instituto de Antomía, Histologia y Patologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile (MMG, EMR); Instituto de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain (AJJ, DDP); Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (DS, WD); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (RES); and Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (DDL)
| | - Diego M Morales
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (JPM, LCR, DMM, DDL); Instituto de Antomía, Histologia y Patologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile (MMG, EMR); Instituto de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain (AJJ, DDP); Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (DS, WD); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (RES); and Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (DDL)
| | - Robert E Schmidt
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (JPM, LCR, DMM, DDL); Instituto de Antomía, Histologia y Patologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile (MMG, EMR); Instituto de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain (AJJ, DDP); Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (DS, WD); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (RES); and Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (DDL)
| | - Esteban M Rodriguez
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (JPM, LCR, DMM, DDL); Instituto de Antomía, Histologia y Patologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile (MMG, EMR); Instituto de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain (AJJ, DDP); Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (DS, WD); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (RES); and Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (DDL)
| | - David D Limbrick
- From the Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (JPM, LCR, DMM, DDL); Instituto de Antomía, Histologia y Patologia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile (MMG, EMR); Instituto de Biología Celular, Genética y Fisiología Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Malaga, Malaga, Spain and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica (IBIMA), Malaga, Spain (AJJ, DDP); Departments of Pediatrics, Pathology and Medical Biology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands (DS, WD); Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (RES); and Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri (DDL)
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Filice F, Celio MR, Babalian A, Blum W, Szabolcsi V. Parvalbumin-expressing ependymal cells in rostral lateral ventricle wall adhesions contribute to aging-related ventricle stenosis in mice. J Comp Neurol 2017; 525:3266-3285. [DOI: 10.1002/cne.24276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Filice
- Anatomy and Program in Neuroscience; Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg; Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Marco R. Celio
- Anatomy and Program in Neuroscience; Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg; Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Babalian
- Anatomy and Program in Neuroscience; Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg; Fribourg Switzerland
| | - Walter Blum
- Anatomy and Program in Neuroscience; Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg; Fribourg Switzerland
- INSERM UMR-1162, Génomique Fonctionelle des Tumeurs Solides; Paris France
| | - Viktoria Szabolcsi
- Anatomy and Program in Neuroscience; Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg; Fribourg Switzerland
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Yeo HG, Lee Y, Jeon CY, Jeong KJ, Jin YB, Kang P, Kim SU, Kim JS, Huh JW, Kim YH, Sim BW, Song BS, Park YH, Hong Y, Lee SR, Chang KT. Characterization of Cerebral Damage in a Monkey Model of Alzheimer's Disease Induced by Intracerebroventricular Injection of Streptozotocin. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 46:989-1005. [PMID: 25881906 DOI: 10.3233/jad-143222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
In line with recent findings showing Alzheimer's disease (AD) as an insulin-resistant brain state, a non-transgenic animal model with intracerebroventricular streptozotocin (icv-STZ) administration has been proposed as a representative experimental model of AD. Although icv-STZ rodent models of AD have been increasingly researched, studies in non-human primate models are very limited. In this study, we aimed to characterize the cerebral damage caused by icv-STZ in non-human primates; to achieve this, three cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) were administered four dosages of STZ (2 mg/kg) dissolved in artificial cerebrospinal fluid and another three controls were injected with only artificial cerebrospinal fluid at the cerebellomedullary cistern. In vivo neuroimaging was performed with clinical 3.0 T MRI, followed by quantitative analysis with FSL for evaluation of structural changes of the brain. Immunohistochemistry was performed to evaluate cerebral histopathology. We showed that icv-STZ caused severe ventricular enlargement and parenchymal atrophy, accompanying amyloid-β deposition, hippocampal cell loss, tauopathy, ependymal cell loss, astrogliosis, and microglial activation, which are observed in human aged or AD brain. The findings suggest that the icv-STZ monkey model would be a valuable resource to study the mechanisms and consequences of a variety of cerebral pathologies including major pathological hallmarks of AD. Furthermore, the study of icv-STZ monkeys could contribute to the development of treatments for age- or AD-associated cerebral changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyeon-Gu Yeo
- National Primate Research Center (NPRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngjeon Lee
- National Primate Research Center (NPRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Yeop Jeon
- National Primate Research Center (NPRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kang-Jin Jeong
- National Primate Research Center (NPRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeung Bae Jin
- National Primate Research Center (NPRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Philyong Kang
- National Primate Research Center (NPRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Uk Kim
- National Primate Research Center (NPRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Su Kim
- National Primate Research Center (NPRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Won Huh
- National Primate Research Center (NPRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hyun Kim
- National Primate Research Center (NPRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Bo-Woong Sim
- National Primate Research Center (NPRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Seok Song
- National Primate Research Center (NPRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ho Park
- National Primate Research Center (NPRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Yonggeun Hong
- Department of Rehabilitation Science, Graduate School of Inje University, Gimhae, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Rae Lee
- National Primate Research Center (NPRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu-Tae Chang
- National Primate Research Center (NPRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Shishido H, Toyota Y, Hua Y, Keep RF, Xi G. Role of lipocalin 2 in intraventricular haemoglobin-induced brain injury. Stroke Vasc Neurol 2016; 1:37-43. [PMID: 28959462 PMCID: PMC5435192 DOI: 10.1136/svn-2016-000009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Our recent studies have shown that blood components, including haemoglobin and iron, contribute to hydrocephalus development and brain injury after intraventricular haemorrhage (IVH). The current study investigated the role of lipocalin 2 (LCN2), a protein involved in iron handling, in the ventricular dilation and neuroinflammation caused by brain injury in a mouse model of IVH. Design Female wild-type (WT) C57BL/6 mice and LCN2-deficient (LCN2−/−) mice had an intraventricular injection of haemoglobin, and control mice received an equivalent amount of saline. MRI was performed presurgery and postsurgery to measure ventricular volume and the brains were used for either immunohistochemistry or western blot. Results Ventricular dilation was observed in WT mice at 24 h after haemoglobin (25 mg/mL, 20 µL) injection (12.5±2.4 vs 8.6±1.5 mm3 in the control, p<0.01). Western blotting showed that LCN2 was significantly upregulated in the periventricular area (p<0.01). LCN2 was mainly expressed in astrocytes, whereas the LCN2 receptor was detected in astrocytes, microglia/macrophages and neurons. Haemoglobin-induced ventricle dilation and glia activation were less in LCN2−/− mice (p<0.01). Injection of high-dose haemoglobin (50 mg/mL) resulted in lower mortality in LCN2−/− mice (27% vs 86% in WT; p<0.05). Conclusions Intraventricular haemoglobin caused LCN2 upregulation and ventricular dilation. Haemoglobin resulted in lower mortality and less ventricular dilation in LCN2−/− mice. These results suggest that LCN2 has a role in haemoglobin-induced brain injury and may be a therapeutic target for IVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Shishido
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yasunori Toyota
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ya Hua
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Richard F Keep
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Guohua Xi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Acabchuk R, Briggs DI, Angoa-Pérez M, Powers M, Wolferz R, Soloway M, Stern M, Talbot LR, Kuhn DM, Conover JC. Repeated mild traumatic brain injury causes focal response in lateral septum and hippocampus. Concussion 2016; 1. [PMID: 28078102 PMCID: PMC5222510 DOI: 10.2217/cnc-2015-0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: To advance our understanding of regional and temporal cellular responses to repeated mild traumatic brain injury (rmTBI), we used a mouse model of rmTBI that incorporated acceleration, deceleration and rotational forces. Materials & methods: A modified weight-drop method was used to compare two inter-injury intervals, rmTBI-short (five hits delivered over 3 days) and rmTBI-long (five hits delivered over 15 days). Regional investigations of forebrain and midbrain histological alterations were performed at three post-injury time points (immediate, 2 weeks and 6 weeks). Results: The rmTBI-short protocol generated an immediate, localized microglial and astroglial response in the dorsolateral septum and hippocampus, with the astroglial response persisting in the dorsolateral septum. The rmTBI-long protocol showed only a transitory astroglial response in the dorsolateral septum. Conclusion: Our results indicate that the lateral septum and hippocampus are particularly vulnerable regions in rmTBI, possibly contributing to memory and emotional impairments associated with repeated concussions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Acabchuk
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Denise I Briggs
- John D Dingell VA Medical Center and Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Mariana Angoa-Pérez
- John D Dingell VA Medical Center and Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Meghan Powers
- Department of Biological Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Richard Wolferz
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Melanie Soloway
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Mai Stern
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Lillian R Talbot
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Donald M Kuhn
- John D Dingell VA Medical Center and Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Joanne C Conover
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA ; Institute for Brain and Cognitive Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
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Abstract
SUMMARYNeurocysticercosis (NCC) is considered a neglected parasitic infection of the human central nervous system. Its pathogenesis is due to the host immune response, stage of evolution and location of the parasite. The aim of this study was to evaluate thein situand systemic immune response through cytokines dosage (IL-4, IL-10, IL-17 and IFN-γ) as well as the local inflammatory response of the experimental NCC withTaenia crassiceps. Thein situand systemic cellular and inflammatory immune response were evaluated through the cytokines quantification at 7, 30, 60 and 90 days after inoculation and histopathological analysis. All cysticerci were found within the cerebral ventricles. There was a discrete intensity of inflammatory cells of mixed immune profile, polymorphonuclear and mononuclear cells, at the beginning of the infection and predominance of mononuclear cells at the end. The systemic immune response showed a significant increase in all the analysed cytokines and predominance of the Th2 immune profile cytokines at the end of the infection. These results indicate that the location of the cysticerci may lead to ventriculomegaly. The acute phase of the infection showed a mixed Th1/Th17 profile accompanied by high levels of IL-10 while the late phase showed a Th2 immune profile.
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Muthusamy N, Sommerville LJ, Moeser AJ, Stumpo DJ, Sannes P, Adler K, Blackshear PJ, Weimer JM, Ghashghaei HT. MARCKS-dependent mucin clearance and lipid metabolism in ependymal cells are required for maintenance of forebrain homeostasis during aging. Aging Cell 2015; 14:764-73. [PMID: 26010231 PMCID: PMC4568964 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Ependymal cells (ECs) form a barrier responsible for selective movement of fluids and molecules between the cerebrospinal fluid and the central nervous system. Here, we demonstrate that metabolic and barrier functions in ECs decline significantly during aging in mice. The longevity of these functions in part requires the expression of the myristoylated alanine-rich protein kinase C substrate (MARCKS). Both the expression levels and subcellular localization of MARCKS in ECs are markedly transformed during aging. Conditional deletion of MARCKS in ECs induces intracellular accumulation of mucins, elevated oxidative stress, and lipid droplet buildup. These alterations are concomitant with precocious disruption of ependymal barrier function, which results in the elevation of reactive astrocytes, microglia, and macrophages in the interstitial brain tissue of young mutant mice. Interestingly, similar alterations are observed during normal aging in ECs and the forebrain interstitium. Our findings constitute a conceptually new paradigm in the potential role of ECs in the initiation of various conditions and diseases in the aging brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagendran Muthusamy
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27607 USA
| | - Laura J. Sommerville
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27607 USA
| | - Adam J. Moeser
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27607 USA
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27607 USA
| | - Deborah J. Stumpo
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Durham NC 27709 USA
| | - Philip Sannes
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27607 USA
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27607 USA
| | - Kenneth Adler
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27607 USA
| | - Perry J. Blackshear
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Durham NC 27709 USA
| | - Jill M. Weimer
- Sanford Research Children's Health Research and Department of Pediatric University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine Sioux Falls SD 57104 USA
| | - H. Troy Ghashghaei
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27607 USA
- Center for Comparative Medicine and Translational Research College of Veterinary Medicine North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27607 USA
- Program in Genetics North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27607 USA
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Capilla-Gonzalez V, Herranz-Pérez V, García-Verdugo JM. The aged brain: genesis and fate of residual progenitor cells in the subventricular zone. Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9:365. [PMID: 26441536 PMCID: PMC4585225 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) persist in the adult mammalian brain through life. The subventricular zone (SVZ) is the largest source of stem cells in the nervous system, and continuously generates new neuronal and glial cells involved in brain regeneration. During aging, the germinal potential of the SVZ suffers a widespread decline, but the causes of this turn down are not fully understood. This review provides a compilation of the current knowledge about the age-related changes in the NSC population, as well as the fate of the newly generated cells in the aged brain. It is known that the neurogenic capacity is clearly disrupted during aging, while the production of oligodendroglial cells is not compromised. Interestingly, the human brain seems to primarily preserve the ability to produce new oligodendrocytes instead of neurons, which could be related to the development of neurological disorders. Further studies in this matter are required to improve our understanding and the current strategies for fighting neurological diseases associated with senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivian Capilla-Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Department of Cell Biology, Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, University of Valencia, CIBERNED Valencia, Spain ; Department of Stem Cells, Andalusian Center for Molecular Biology and Regenerative Medicine Seville, Spain
| | - Vicente Herranz-Pérez
- Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Department of Cell Biology, Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, University of Valencia, CIBERNED Valencia, Spain ; Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroregeneration Mixed Unit, IIS Hospital La Fe Valencia, Spain
| | - Jose Manuel García-Verdugo
- Laboratory of Comparative Neurobiology, Department of Cell Biology, Instituto Cavanilles de Biodiversidad y Biología Evolutiva, University of Valencia, CIBERNED Valencia, Spain ; Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroregeneration Mixed Unit, IIS Hospital La Fe Valencia, Spain
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Acabchuk RL, Sun Y, Wolferz R, Eastman MB, Lennington JB, Shook BA, Wu Q, Conover JC. 3D Modeling of the Lateral Ventricles and Histological Characterization of Periventricular Tissue in Humans and Mouse. J Vis Exp 2015:e52328. [PMID: 26068121 DOI: 10.3791/52328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The ventricular system carries and circulates cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) and facilitates clearance of solutes and toxins from the brain. The functional units of the ventricles are ciliated epithelial cells termed ependymal cells, which line the ventricles and through ciliary action are capable of generating laminar flow of CSF at the ventricle surface. This monolayer of ependymal cells also provides barrier and filtration functions that promote exchange between brain interstitial fluids (ISF) and circulating CSF. Biochemical changes in the brain are thereby reflected in the composition of the CSF and destruction of the ependyma can disrupt the delicate balance of CSF and ISF exchange. In humans there is a strong correlation between lateral ventricle expansion and aging. Age-associated ventriculomegaly can occur even in the absence of dementia or obstruction of CSF flow. The exact cause and progression of ventriculomegaly is often unknown; however, enlarged ventricles can show regional and, often, extensive loss of ependymal cell coverage with ventricle surface astrogliosis and associated periventricular edema replacing the functional ependymal cell monolayer. Using MRI scans together with postmortem human brain tissue, we describe how to prepare, image and compile 3D renderings of lateral ventricle volumes, calculate lateral ventricle volumes, and characterize periventricular tissue through immunohistochemical analysis of en face lateral ventricle wall tissue preparations. Corresponding analyses of mouse brain tissue are also presented supporting the use of mouse models as a means to evaluate changes to the lateral ventricles and periventricular tissue found in human aging and disease. Together, these protocols allow investigations into the cause and effect of ventriculomegaly and highlight techniques to study ventricular system health and its important barrier and filtration functions within the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ye Sun
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut
| | - Richard Wolferz
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut
| | - Matthew B Eastman
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut
| | | | - Brett A Shook
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Anatomic Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center
| | - Joanne C Conover
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, University of Connecticut;
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Szabolcsi V, Celio MR. De novo expression of parvalbumin in ependymal cells in response to brain injury promotes ependymal remodeling and wound repair. Glia 2014; 63:567-94. [PMID: 25421913 DOI: 10.1002/glia.22768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 11/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The calcium-binding protein parvalbumin (PV) hallmarks subpopulations of interneurons in the murine brain. We serendipitously observed the de novo expression of PV in ependymal cells of the lateral ventricle wall following in vivo lesioning and brain slicing for the preparation of organotypic hippocampal slice cultures (OHSCs). In OHSCs, de novo PV-expression begins shortly after the onset of culturing, and the number of ependymal cells implicated in this process increases with time. PV-immunopositive ependymal cells aggregate and form compact cell clusters, which are characterized by lumen-formation and beating cilia. Scratches inflicted on such clusters with a sharp knife are rapidly closed. Exposure of OHSCs to NF-КB-inhibitors and to antioxidants reduces PV-expression in ependymal cells, thereby implicating injury-induced inflammation in this process. Indeed, in vivo stab injury enhances PV-expression in ependymal cells adjacent to the lesion, whereas neuraminidase denudation is without effect. PV-knock-out mice manifest an impaired wound-healing response to in vivo injury, and a reduced scratch-wound reparation capacity in OHSCs. Whole-transcriptome analysis of ependymal-cell clusters in OHSCs revealed down-regulation of genes involved in cytoskeletal rearrangement, cell motility and cell adhesion in PV-knock out mice as compared with wild-type mice. Our data indicate that the injury-triggered up-regulation of PV-expression is mediated by inflammatory cytokines, and promotes the motility and adhesion of ependymal cells, thereby contributing to leakage closure by the re-establishment of a continuous ependymal layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktória Szabolcsi
- Anatomy and Program in Neuroscience, Department of Medicine, University of Fribourg, Rte Albert Gockel 1, CH-1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
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