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Xia F, Li M, Liu Q, Liu H, Yang Y, Liu M, Chen G, Luo L, Liu Y, Liu G. Allergenicity and Linear Epitope Analysis of Scy p 8, an Allergen from Mud Crab. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:13402-13414. [PMID: 38821040 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2024]
Abstract
Scy p 8 (triosephosphate isomerase) as a crab allergen in inducing distinct T-helper (Th) cell differentiation and a linear epitope associated with allergenicity remain elusive. In this study, mice sensitized with Scy p 8 exhibited significantly upregulated levels of IgE, IgG1, and IL-4 release, inducing a Th2 immune response. Moreover, the release of IFN-γ (Th1) and the levels of Treg cells were downregulated, while IL-17A (Th17) was upregulated, indicating that Scy p 8 disrupted the Th1/Th2 balance and Th17/Treg balance in mice. Furthermore, bioinformatics prediction and serum samples from crab-allergic patients and mice enabled the discovery of 8 linear epitopes of Scy p 8. Meanwhile, the analysis of peptide similarity and tertiary superposition revealed that 8 epitopes of Scy p 8 exhibited conservation across various species, potentially resulting in cross-reactivity. These findings possess the potential to enhance the comprehension of crab allergens, thereby establishing a foundation for investigating cross-reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xia
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Processing Technology for Aquatic Products, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Mengsi Li
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Processing Technology for Aquatic Products, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Qingmei Liu
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Processing Technology for Aquatic Products, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Hong Liu
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Processing Technology for Aquatic Products, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Processing Technology for Aquatic Products, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Meng Liu
- Xiamen Ocean Vocational College, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
| | - Guixia Chen
- Women and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361003, China
| | - Lianzhong Luo
- Engineering Research Center of Marine Biopharmaceutical Resources, Xiamen Medical College, Xiamen, Fujian 361023, China
| | - Yixiang Liu
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Processing Technology for Aquatic Products, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Guangming Liu
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Processing Technology for Aquatic Products, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
- Xiamen Ocean Vocational College, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, China
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Keswani T, LaHood NA, Marini-Rapoport O, Karmakar B, Andrieux L, Reese B, Sneed SL, Pedersen LC, Mueller GA, Patil SU. Neutralizing IgG 4 antibodies are a biomarker of sustained efficacy after peanut oral immunotherapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 153:1611-1620.e7. [PMID: 38460677 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2024.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinical efficacy of oral immunotherapy (OIT) has been associated with the induction of blocking antibodies, particularly those capable of disrupting IgE-allergen interactions. Previously, we identified mAbs to Ara h 2 and structurally characterized their epitopes. OBJECTIVE We investigated longitudinal changes during OIT in antibody binding to conformational epitopes and correlated the results with isotype and clinical efficacy. METHODS We developed an indirect inhibitory ELISA using mAbs to block conformational epitopes on immobilized Ara h 2 from binding to serum immunoglobulins from peanut-allergic patients undergoing OIT. We tested the functional blocking ability of mAbs using passive cutaneous anaphylaxis in mice with humanized FcεRI receptors. RESULTS Diverse serum IgE recognition of Ara h 2 conformational epitopes are similar before and after OIT. Optimal inhibition of serum IgE occurs with the combination of 2 neutralizing mAbs (nAbs) recognizing epitopes 1.2 and 3, compared to 2 nonneutralizing mAbs (non-nAbs). After OIT, IgG4 nAbs, but not IgG1 or IgG2 nAbs, increased in sustained compared to transient outcomes. Induction of IgG4 nAbs occurs after OIT only in those with sustained efficacy. Murine passive cutaneous anaphylaxis after sensitization with pooled human sera is significantly inhibited by nAbs compared to non-nAbs. CONCLUSIONS Serum IgE conformational epitope diversity remains unchanged during OIT. However, IgG4 nAbs capable of uniquely disrupting IgE-allergen interactions to prevent effector cell activation are selectively induced in OIT-treated individuals with sustained clinical efficacy. Therefore, the induction of neutralizing IgG4 antibodies to Ara h 2 are clinically relevant biomarkers of durable efficacy in OIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Keswani
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Nicole A LaHood
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Orlee Marini-Rapoport
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Bijoya Karmakar
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Léna Andrieux
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass; Master de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Université de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Brian Reese
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Sunny L Sneed
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass
| | - Lars C Pedersen
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC
| | - Geoffrey A Mueller
- Genome Integrity and Structural Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Durham, NC
| | - Sarita U Patil
- Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Mass.
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Bauernfeind C, Zettl I, Ivanova T, Goryainova O, Weijler AM, Pranz B, Drescher A, Focke-Tejkl M, Pavkov-Keller T, Eckl-Dorna J, Tillib SV, Flicker S. Trimeric Bet v 1-specific nanobodies cause strong suppression of IgE binding. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1343024. [PMID: 38784378 PMCID: PMC11112410 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1343024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Around 20% of the population in Northern and Central Europe is affected by birch pollen allergy, with the major birch pollen allergen Bet v 1 as the main elicitor of allergic reactions. Together with its cross-reactive allergens from related trees and foods, Bet v 1 causes an impaired quality of life. Hence, new treatment strategies were elaborated, demonstrating the effectiveness of blocking IgG antibodies on Bet v 1-induced IgE-mediated reactions. A recent study provided evidence for the first time that Bet v 1-specific nanobodies reduce patients´ IgE binding to Bet v 1. In order to increase the potential to outcompete IgE recognition of Bet v 1 and to foster cross-reactivity and cross-protection, we developed Bet v 1-specific nanobody trimers and evaluated their capacity to suppress polyclonal IgE binding to corresponding allergens and allergen-induced basophil degranulation. Methods Nanobody trimers were engineered by adding isoleucine zippers, thus enabling trimeric formation. Trimers were analyzed for their cross-reactivity, binding kinetics to Bet v 1, and related allergens, and patients' IgE inhibition potential. Finally, their efficacy to prevent basophil degranulation was investigated. Results Trimers showed enhanced recognition of cross-reactive allergens and increased efficiency to reduce IgE-allergen binding compared to nanobody monomers. Furthermore, trimers displayed slow dissociation rates from allergens and suppressed allergen-induced mediator release. Conclusion We generated high-affine nanobody trimers that target Bet v 1 and related allergens. Trimers blocked IgE-allergen interaction by competing with IgE for allergen binding. They inhibited IgE-mediated release of biological mediators, demonstrating a promising potential to prevent allergic reactions caused by Bet v 1 and relatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clarissa Bauernfeind
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ines Zettl
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Tatiana Ivanova
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Oksana Goryainova
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Marianne Weijler
- Division of Transplantation, Department of General Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Barbara Pranz
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Margarete Focke-Tejkl
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | - Tea Pavkov-Keller
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioTechMed Graz, Graz, Austria
- BioHealth Field of Excellence, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Julia Eckl-Dorna
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sergei V. Tillib
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Sabine Flicker
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Paolucci M, Antz N, Homère V, Kolm I, Kündig TM, Johansen P. A murine model of peanut-allergic asthma. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2024; 5:1378877. [PMID: 38765484 PMCID: PMC11099873 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2024.1378877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Peanut allergy is an IgE-mediated food allergy that is associated with asthma in certain patients. With increasing prevalence, its great impact on the quality of life, and a lack of treatment options, the need for new therapy options is a given. Hence, models for research and development are required. This study aimed to establish a murine model of allergic airway inflammation induced by peanut allergens. Methods C3H mice were sensitised by intraperitoneal injections of peanut allergen extract and challenged by an intranasal application of the same extract. The assessment of airway inflammation involved the analysis of immune cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid as measured by flow cytometry. Inflammatory reactions in the lung tissue were also studied by histology and quantitative PCR. Moreover, peanut-specific immune responses were studied after re-stimulation of spleen cells in vitro. Results Sensitisation led to allergen-specific IgE, IgA, and IgG1 seroconversion. Subsequent nasal exposure led to allergic airway inflammation as manifested by structural changes such as bronchial smooth muscle hypertrophy, mucus cell hyperplasia, infiltration of eosinophil cells and T cells, as well as an upregulation of genes expressing IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, and IFN-γ. Upon re-stimulation of splenocytes with peanut allergen, increased secretion of both T-helper type 2 (Th2) and Th1 cytokines was observed. Conclusion We successfully established a peanut-associated asthma model that exhibited many features characteristic of airway inflammation in human patients with allergic asthma. The model holds potential as a tool for investigating novel therapeutic approaches aimed at preventing the development of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Paolucci
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Nathalie Antz
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Valentine Homère
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Isabel Kolm
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas M. Kündig
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pål Johansen
- Department of Dermatology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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Storni F, Vogel M, Bachmann MF, Engeroff P. IgG in the control of FcεRI activation: a battle on multiple fronts. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1339171. [PMID: 38274816 PMCID: PMC10808611 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1339171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The rising global incidence of IgE-mediated allergic reactions poses a significant challenge to the quality of life of affected individuals and to healthcare systems, with current treatments being limited in effectiveness, safety, and disease-modifying capabilities. IgE acts by sensitizing the high-affinity IgE receptor FcεRI expressed by mast cells and basophils, tuning these cells for inflammatory degranulation in response to future allergen encounters. In recent years, IgG has emerged as an essential negative regulator of IgE-dependent allergic inflammation. Mechanistically, studies have proposed different pathways by which IgG can interfere with the activation of IgE-mediated inflammation. Here, we briefly summarize the major proposed mechanisms of action by which IgG controls the IgE-FcεRI inflammatory axis and how those mechanisms are currently applied as therapeutic interventions for IgE-mediated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Storni
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Monique Vogel
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Martin F. Bachmann
- Department of BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Paul Engeroff
- Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, University Hospital Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Fernandes LGR, Spillner E, Jakob T. Potential and limitations of epitope mapping and molecular targeting in Hymenoptera venom allergy. FRONTIERS IN ALLERGY 2023; 4:1327391. [PMID: 38162556 PMCID: PMC10755883 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2023.1327391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Hymenoptera venom (HV) allergy can lead to life threatening conditions by specific IgE (sIgE)-mediated anaphylactic reactions. The knowledge about major allergens from venom of different clinically relevant species increased in the last decades, allowing the development of component-resolved diagnostics in which sIgE to single allergens is analysed. Despite these advances, the precise regions of the allergens that bind to IgE are only known for few HV allergens. The detailed characterization of IgE epitopes may provide valuable information to improve immunodiagnostic tests and to develop new therapeutic strategies using allergen-derived peptides or other targeted approaches. Epitope-resolved analysis is challenging, since the identification of conformational epitopes present in many allergens demands complex technologies for molecular analyses. Furthermore, functional analysis of the epitopeś interaction with their respective ligands is needed to distinguish epitopes that can activate the allergic immune response, from those that are recognized by irrelevant antibodies or T cell receptors from non-effector cells. In this review, we focus on the use of mapping and molecular targeting approaches for characterization of the epitopes of the major venom allergens of clinically relevant Hymenoptera species. The screening of the most relevant allergen peptides by epitope mapping could be helpful for the development of molecules that target major and immunodominant epitopes blocking the allergen induced cellular reactions as novel approach for the treatment of HV allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Gustavo Romani Fernandes
- Experimental Dermatology and Allergy Research Group, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Medical Center Gießen-Marburg, Justus Liebig University Gießen, Gießen, Germany
- Laboratory of Translational Immunology, Internal Medicine Department, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas-SP, Brazil
| | - Edzard Spillner
- Immunological Biotechnology, Department of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thilo Jakob
- Experimental Dermatology and Allergy Research Group, Department of Dermatology and Allergology, University Medical Center Gießen-Marburg, Justus Liebig University Gießen, Gießen, Germany
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He XR, Yang Y, Chen YX, Kang S, Li FJ, Li DX, Liu QM, Chen GX, Chen XM, Liu GM. Immunoglobulin E Epitope Mapping and Structure-Allergenicity Relationship Analysis of Crab Allergen Scy p 9. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023. [PMID: 37931089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Filamin C is an allergen of Scylla paramamosain (Scy p 9), and six IgE linear epitopes of the allergenic predominant region had previously been validated. However, the IgE epitope and structure-allergenicity relationship of Scy p 9 are unclear. In this study, a hydrophobic bond was found to be an important factor of conformation maintaining. The critical amino acids in the six predicted conformational epitopes were mutated, and the IgE-binding capacity and surface hydrophobicity of four mutants (E216A, T270A, Y699A, and V704A) were reduced compared to Scy p 9. Ten linear epitopes were verified with synthetic peptides, among which L-AA187-205 had the strongest IgE-binding capacity. In addition, IgE epitopes were mapped in the protruding surface of the tertiary structure, which were conducive to binding with IgE and exhibited high conservation among filamin genes. Overall, these data provided a basis for IgE epitope mapping and structure-allergenicity relationship of Scy p 9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Rong He
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Yang Yang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
- College of Environment and Public Health, Xiamen Huaxia University, 288 Tianma Road, Xiamen, Fujian 361024, China
| | - Ye-Xin Chen
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Shuai Kang
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Fa-Jie Li
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Dong-Xiao Li
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Qing-Mei Liu
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Gui-Xia Chen
- Women and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Chen
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
| | - Guang-Ming Liu
- College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Xiamen Key Laboratory of Marine Functional Food, Fujian Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Marine Functional Food, Jimei University, Xiamen, Fujian 361021, China
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