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Fashe MM, Miner TA, Collazo VL, Grieco JT, Fallon JK, Jackson KD, Lee CR. Impact of sex and pregnancy on hepatic CYP3A4 expression and activity in a humanized mouse model. Drug Metab Dispos 2025; 53:100025. [PMID: 40023573 DOI: 10.1016/j.dmd.2024.100025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2024] [Accepted: 11/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/04/2025] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 is an essential drug-metabolizing enzyme in humans, which shows substantial interindividual variation in response to various intrinsic and extrinsic factors such as sex and pregnancy. In humans, higher CYP3A4 metabolism has been observed in females compared with that in males and in pregnant compared with that in nonpregnant individuals, which has been linked to increased CYP3A4 expression in liver. However, sex differences and pregnancy-mediated changes in hepatic CYP3A4 expression and activity in vivo are not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the utility of a genetically engineered humanized mouse model that carries human CYP3A4/7, pregnane X receptor (PXR) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) (huPXR/CAR/CYP3A4/7) to recapitulate sex-associated and pregnancy-associated differences in the hepatic CYP3A4 expression and metabolism observed in humans. We found that female huPXR/CAR/CYP3A4/7 mice exhibited higher basal CYP3A4 mRNA levels and CYP3A4 absolute protein concentrations in liver, and higher 1-hydroxymidazolam formation in liver microsomes, compared with male humanized mice. In contrast, pregnant huPXR/CAR/CYP3A4/7 mice exhibited lower CYP3A4 mRNA levels, CYP3A4 absolute protein concentrations, and 1-hydroxymidazolam formation compared with nonpregnant and postpartum humanized mice. Expression of CAR and Cyp2b10 (a CAR responsive gene) were also higher in females and decreased during pregnancy and were positively correlated with hepatic CYP3A4 mRNA levels. Overall, the huPXR/CAR/CYP3A4/7 mouse model demonstrated utility to study higher basal hepatic CYP3A4 metabolism in females compared with that in males in vivo; however, this humanized mouse model did not demonstrate utility to study pregnancy-mediated increases in CYP3A4 drug substrate metabolism and clearance observed in humans. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: This study assessed the impact of sex and pregnancy on hepatic CYP3A4 protein concentrations and metabolism in humanized PXR/CAR/CYP3A4 mice. Consistent with humans, female mice demonstrated higher hepatic CYP3A4 expression and activity than male mice. In contrast, pregnant mice showed decreased CYP3A4 expression and metabolism compared with nonpregnant mice. The humanized mouse model appeared useful to evaluate sex differences in basal hepatic CYP3A4 metabolism in vivo, but not to study the pregnancy-mediated increase in CYP3A4 metabolism observed during human pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muluneh M Fashe
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Taryn A Miner
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Valeria Laboy Collazo
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Joseph T Grieco
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - John K Fallon
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, and Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Klarissa D Jackson
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina
| | - Craig R Lee
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
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Chen M, Yuan L, Chen B, Chang H, Luo J, Zhang H, Chen Z, Kong J, Yi Y, Bai M, Dong M, Zhou H, Jiang H. SLC29A1 and SLC29A2 are human nicotinamide cell membrane transporters. Nat Commun 2025; 16:1181. [PMID: 39885119 PMCID: PMC11782521 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-56402-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2025] [Indexed: 02/01/2025] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide (NAM), a main precursor of NAD+, is essential for cellular fuel respiration, energy production, and other cellular processes. Transporters for other precursors of NAD+ such as nicotinic acid and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) have been identified, but the cellular transporter of nicotinamide has not been elucidated. Here, we demonstrate that equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 and 2 (ENT1 and 2, encoded by SLC29A1 and 2) drive cellular nicotinamide uptake and establish nicotinamide metabolism homeostasis. In addition, ENT1/2 exhibits a strong capacity to change the cellular metabolite composition and the transcript, especially those related to nicotinamide. We further observe that ENT1/2 regulates cellular respiration and senescence, contributing by altering the NAD+ pool level and mitochondrial status. Changes to cellular respiration, mitochondrial status and senescence by ENT1/2 knockdown are reversed by NMN supplementation. Together, ENT1 and ENT2 act as both cellular nicotinamide-level keepers and nicotinamide biological regulators through their NAM transport functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyang Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China
| | - Luexiang Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Binxin Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Chang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic and Developmental Disorders, Institute of Genetics, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Luo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hengbin Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou Institute of Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiao Kong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaodong Yi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengru Bai
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minlei Dong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China.
| | - Huidi Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, National Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Delivery and Release Systems, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China.
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Yuan JD, Wang LW, Fu SY, E RGLT, Ren XQ, Sun H, Liu F, Wang B, An JH, Zhao MR, He JF, He XL. Heat Tolerance Differences Between Hu Sheep and Hu Crossbred Sheep in Microbial Community Structure and Metabolism. Metabolites 2025; 15:40. [PMID: 39852383 PMCID: PMC11768064 DOI: 10.3390/metabo15010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2024] [Revised: 12/28/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2025] [Indexed: 01/26/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The frequent occurrence of extreme temperature events causes significant economic losses to the livestock industry. Therefore, delving into the differences in the physiological and molecular mechanisms of heat stress across different sheep breeds is crucial for developing effective management and breeding strategies. METHODS This study explores the differences in heat tolerance mechanisms between Hu sheep and Xinggao sheep by comparing their growth performance under normal and heat stress conditions, as well as examining the differences in physiological, biochemical, and antioxidant indicators related to heat tolerance, serum metabolomics, and gut microbiomics in a heat stress environment. RESULTS The results indicate that with changes in the temperature-humidity index (THI), Hu sheep exhibit superior stability in respiratory rate (RR) and rectal temperature (RT) fluctuations compared to Xinggao sheep. In terms of biochemical indicators and antioxidant capacity, the levels of creatinine (Cr) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in Hu sheep serum are significantly higher than those in Xinggao sheep. In comparison, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels are significantly lower. Metabolomic results showed that, compared to Hu sheep, Xinggao sheep exhibited higher cortisol (COR) and dopamine (DA) levels under heat stress conditions, a stronger lipid mobilization capacity, and elevated levels of tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle-related metabolites. Furthermore, gut microbiome analysis results indicate that Hu sheep demonstrate stronger cellulose degradation capabilities, as evidenced by significantly higher abundances of microorganisms such as Ruminococcus, Fibrobacter, and Bacteroidales_RF16_group, compared to Xinggao sheep. CONCLUSIONS In summary, Hu sheep exhibit stronger heat tolerance compared to Xinggao sheep. These findings provide an important theoretical basis for the breeding and selection of heat-tolerant meat sheep varieties and offer strong support for the region's livestock industry in addressing the challenges posed by global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Da Yuan
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (J.-D.Y.); (L.-W.W.); (S.-Y.F.); (R.-G.-L.-T.E.); (X.-Q.R.); (H.S.); (F.L.); (B.W.); (J.-H.A.); (M.-R.Z.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Li-Wei Wang
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (J.-D.Y.); (L.-W.W.); (S.-Y.F.); (R.-G.-L.-T.E.); (X.-Q.R.); (H.S.); (F.L.); (B.W.); (J.-H.A.); (M.-R.Z.)
| | - Shao-Yin Fu
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (J.-D.Y.); (L.-W.W.); (S.-Y.F.); (R.-G.-L.-T.E.); (X.-Q.R.); (H.S.); (F.L.); (B.W.); (J.-H.A.); (M.-R.Z.)
| | - Ri-Ge-Li-Tu E
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (J.-D.Y.); (L.-W.W.); (S.-Y.F.); (R.-G.-L.-T.E.); (X.-Q.R.); (H.S.); (F.L.); (B.W.); (J.-H.A.); (M.-R.Z.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Xiao-Qi Ren
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (J.-D.Y.); (L.-W.W.); (S.-Y.F.); (R.-G.-L.-T.E.); (X.-Q.R.); (H.S.); (F.L.); (B.W.); (J.-H.A.); (M.-R.Z.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Hua Sun
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (J.-D.Y.); (L.-W.W.); (S.-Y.F.); (R.-G.-L.-T.E.); (X.-Q.R.); (H.S.); (F.L.); (B.W.); (J.-H.A.); (M.-R.Z.)
| | - Fang Liu
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (J.-D.Y.); (L.-W.W.); (S.-Y.F.); (R.-G.-L.-T.E.); (X.-Q.R.); (H.S.); (F.L.); (B.W.); (J.-H.A.); (M.-R.Z.)
| | - Biao Wang
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (J.-D.Y.); (L.-W.W.); (S.-Y.F.); (R.-G.-L.-T.E.); (X.-Q.R.); (H.S.); (F.L.); (B.W.); (J.-H.A.); (M.-R.Z.)
| | - Jiang-Hong An
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (J.-D.Y.); (L.-W.W.); (S.-Y.F.); (R.-G.-L.-T.E.); (X.-Q.R.); (H.S.); (F.L.); (B.W.); (J.-H.A.); (M.-R.Z.)
| | - Meng-Ran Zhao
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (J.-D.Y.); (L.-W.W.); (S.-Y.F.); (R.-G.-L.-T.E.); (X.-Q.R.); (H.S.); (F.L.); (B.W.); (J.-H.A.); (M.-R.Z.)
| | - Jiang-Feng He
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (J.-D.Y.); (L.-W.W.); (S.-Y.F.); (R.-G.-L.-T.E.); (X.-Q.R.); (H.S.); (F.L.); (B.W.); (J.-H.A.); (M.-R.Z.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
| | - Xiao-Long He
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural & Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot 010031, China; (J.-D.Y.); (L.-W.W.); (S.-Y.F.); (R.-G.-L.-T.E.); (X.-Q.R.); (H.S.); (F.L.); (B.W.); (J.-H.A.); (M.-R.Z.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028000, China
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Jia F, Shi SY, Fei SF, Zhou M, Li JJ. Association of Insomnia, Lipid Profile, and Lipid-Lowering Medications: A Narrative Review. Rev Cardiovasc Med 2025; 26:24978. [PMID: 39867194 PMCID: PMC11759977 DOI: 10.31083/rcm24978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2025] Open
Abstract
Sleep is a fundamental phenomenon that helps maintain normal physiological processes. Conversely, sleep disorders, usually presented as insomnia, are a common public health problem that can lead to multiple pathophysiological changes in humans, including lipid metabolic abnormality. Interestingly, several previous studies have examined the potential relation of insomnia to metabolic syndrome and hyperlipidemia and found that insomnia was associated with elevated plasma cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations. This review summarizes evidence regarding the linkage between insomnia and lipid abnormalities. Moreover, the underlying physiologic mechanisms linking insomnia to lipid abnormalities are systemically discussed. Finally, issues with lipid-lowering drugs and the risk of insomnia are also presented. This knowledge can improve our understanding of the pathophysiological features of insomnia, which may help to prevent and treat insomnia-induced dyslipidemia clinically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Jia
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 213003 Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shun-Yi Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 213003 Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Si-Fan Fei
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 213003 Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 213003 Changzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian-Jun Li
- Cardio-Metabolic Center, Fu Wai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, 10037 Beijing, China
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Huang Y, Cai H, Han Y, Yang P. Mechanisms of Heat Stress on Neuroendocrine and Organ Damage and Nutritional Measures of Prevention and Treatment in Poultry. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:926. [PMID: 39596881 PMCID: PMC11591812 DOI: 10.3390/biology13110926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2024] [Revised: 11/06/2024] [Accepted: 11/12/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024]
Abstract
Heat stress (HS) due to high temperatures has adverse effects on poultry, including decreased feed intake, lower feed efficiency, decreased body weight, and higher mortality. There are complex mechanisms behind heat stress in poultry involving the neuroendocrine system, organ damage, and other physiological systems. HS activates endocrine glands, such as the pituitary, adrenal, thyroid, and gonadal, by the action of the hypothalamus and sympathetic nerves, ultimately causing changes in hormone levels: HS leads to increased corticosterone levels, changes in triiodothyronine and thyroxine levels, decreased gonadotropin levels, reduced ovarian function, and the promotion of catecholamine release, which ultimately affects the normal productive performance of poultry. Meanwhile, heat stress also causes damage to the liver, lungs, intestines, and various immune organs, severely impairing organ function in poultry. Nutrient additives to feed are important measures of prevention and treatment, including natural plants and extracts, probiotics, amino acids, and other nutrients, which are effective in alleviating heat stress in poultry. Future studies need to explore the specific mechanisms through which heat stress impacts the neuroendocrine system in poultry and the interrelationships between the axes and organ damage so as to provide an effective theoretical basis for the development of preventive and treatment measures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Peilong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Feed Biotechnology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Feed Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China; (Y.H.); (H.C.); (Y.H.)
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Wang Y, Zhang N, Shang W, Peng H, Hu Z, Yang Y, Tan L, Zhang L, He F, Rao X. Dexamethasone Inhibits the Growth of B-Lymphoma Cells by Downregulating DOT1L. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e2150. [PMID: 39307938 PMCID: PMC11417011 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.2150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dexamethasone (Dex), a synthetic glucocorticoid that acts by binding to the glucocorticoid receptor (GR), has been widely applied to treat leukemia and lymphoma; however, the precise mechanism underlying Dex action is still not well elucidated. DOT1L, a histone H3-lysine79 (H3K79) methyltransferase, has been linked to multiple cancer types, particularly mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene rearranged leukemia, but its contribution to lymphoma is yet to be delineated. Analysis from the TCGA database displayed that DOT1L was highly expressed in lymphoma and leukemia. RESULTS We initially demonstrated that DOT1L served as a new target gene controlled by GR, and the downregulation of DOT1L was critical for the killing of B-lymphoma cells by Dex. Further study revealed that Dex had no impact on the transcriptional activity of the DOT1L promoter, rather it reduced the mRNA level of DOT1L at the posttranscriptional level. In addition, knockdown of DOT1L remarkably inhibited the B-lymphoma cell growth. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings indicated that DOT1L may serve as a potential drug target and a promising biomarker of Dex sensitivity when it comes to treating B lymphoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Wang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering Under the Educational Committee in ChongqingArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of HematologyPeople's Liberation Army the General Hospital of Western Theater CommandChengduChina
| | - Weilong Shang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering Under the Educational Committee in ChongqingArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Huagang Peng
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering Under the Educational Committee in ChongqingArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Zhen Hu
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering Under the Educational Committee in ChongqingArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering Under the Educational Committee in ChongqingArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Li Tan
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering Under the Educational Committee in ChongqingArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of OncologyXiangya Hospital, Central South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Fengtian He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyCollege of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical UniversityChongqingChina
| | - Xiancai Rao
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Microbial Engineering Under the Educational Committee in ChongqingArmy Medical UniversityChongqingChina
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Bai M, Shen Q, Wu Y, Ma Z, Wang Y, Chen M, Liu D, Zhou L. Evaluation of transport mechanisms of methotrexate in human choriocarcinoma cell lines by LC-MS/MS. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2024; 247:116268. [PMID: 38823222 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Methotrexate (MTX) is commonly prescribed as the initial treatment for gestational trophoblastic neoplasia (GTN), but MTX monotherapy may not be effective for high-risk GTN and choriocarcinoma. The cellular uptake of MTX is essential for its pharmacological activity. Thus, our study aimed to investigate the cellular pharmacokinetics and transport mechanisms of MTX in choriocarcinoma cells. For the quantification of MTX concentrations in cellular matrix, a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was created and confirmed initially. MTX accumulation in BeWo, JEG-3, and JAR cells was minimal. Additionally, the mRNA levels of folate receptor α (FRα) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) were relatively high in the three choriocarcinoma cell lines, whereas proton-coupled folate transporter (PCFT), reduced folate carrier (RFC), and organic anion transporter (OAT) 4 were low. Furthermore, the expression of other transporters was either very low or undetectable. Notably, the application of inhibitors and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeting FRα, RFC, and PCFT led to a notable decrease in the accumulation of MTX in BeWo cells. Conversely, the co-administration of multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1) and BCRP inhibitors increased MTX accumulation. In addition, inhibitors of OATs and organic-anion transporting polypeptides (OATPs) reduced MTX accumulation, while peptide transporter inhibitors had no effect. Results from siRNA knockdown experiments and transporter overexpression cell models indicated that MTX was not a substrate of nucleoside transporters. In conclusion, the results indicate that FRα and multiple transporters such as PCFT, RFC, OAT4, and OATPs are likely involved in the uptake of MTX, whereas MDR1 and BCRP are implicated in the efflux of MTX from choriocarcinoma cells. These results have implications for predicting transporter-mediated drug interactions and offer potential directions for further research on enhancing MTX sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengru Bai
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310006, PR China
| | - Qian Shen
- Key Laboratory for Core Technology of Generic Drug Evaluation National Medical Product Administration, Zhejiang Institute for Food and Drug Control, Hangzhou 310052, PR China
| | - Yong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310006, PR China
| | - Zhiyuan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310006, PR China
| | - Yuqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310006, PR China
| | - Mingyang Chen
- Laboratory of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Dan Liu
- Shanghai AB Sciex Analytical Instrument Trading Co., Ltd, Shanghai 200050, PR China
| | - Lin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310006, PR China.
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Guo L, Lei J, Li P, Wang Y, Wang J, Song T, Zhu B, Jia J, Miao J, Cui H. Hedan tablet ameliorated non-alcoholic steatohepatitis by moderating NF-κB and lipid metabolism-related pathways via regulating hepatic metabolites. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18194. [PMID: 38506086 PMCID: PMC11967700 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is a severe form of fatty liver disease. If not treated, it can lead to liver damage, cirrhosis and even liver cancer. However, advances in treatment have remained relatively slow, and there is thus an urgent need to develop appropriate treatments. Hedan tablet (HDP) is used to treat metabolic syndrome. However, scientific understanding of the therapeutic effect of HDP on NASH remains limited. We used HDP to treat a methionine/choline-deficient diet-induced model of NASH in rats to elucidate the therapeutic effects of HDP on liver injury. In addition, we used untargeted metabolomics to investigate the effects of HDP on metabolites in liver of NASH rats, and further validated its effects on inflammation and lipid metabolism following screening for potential target pathways. HDP had considerable therapeutic, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects on NASH. HDP could also alter the hepatic metabolites changed by NASH. Moreover, HDP considerable moderated NF-κB and lipid metabolism-related pathways. The present study found that HDP had remarkable therapeutic effects in NASH rats. The therapeutic efficacy of HDP in NASH mainly associated with regulation of NF-κB and lipid metabolism-related pathways via arachidonic acid metabolism, glycine-serine-threonine metabolism, as well as steroid hormone biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Guo
- Department of Chinese MedicineTianjin Second People's HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Jinyan Lei
- Department of Chinese MedicineTianjin Second People's HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Chinese MedicineTianjin Second People's HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Yuming Wang
- Graduate SchoolTianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjinChina
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Chinese MedicineTianjin Second People's HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Taotao Song
- Department of Chinese MedicineTianjin Second People's HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Bo Zhu
- Department of Chinese MedicineTianjin Second People's HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Jianwei Jia
- Department of Chinese MedicineTianjin Second People's HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Jing Miao
- Department of Chinese MedicineTianjin Second People's HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Huantian Cui
- First School of Clinical MedicineYunnan University of Chinese MedicineKunmingChina
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Fang H, Li Q, Wang H, Ren Y, Zhang L, Yang L. Maternal nutrient metabolism in the liver during pregnancy. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1295677. [PMID: 38572473 PMCID: PMC10987773 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1295677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The liver plays pivotal roles in nutrient metabolism, and correct hepatic adaptations are required in maternal nutrient metabolism during pregnancy. In this review, hepatic nutrient metabolism, including glucose metabolism, lipid and cholesterol metabolism, and protein and amino acid metabolism, is first addressed. In addition, recent progress on maternal hepatic adaptations in nutrient metabolism during pregnancy is discussed. Finally, the factors that regulate hepatic nutrient metabolism during pregnancy are highlighted, and the factors include follicle-stimulating hormone, estrogen, progesterone, insulin-like growth factor 1, prostaglandins fibroblast growth factor 21, serotonin, growth hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, prolactin, thyroid stimulating hormone, melatonin, adrenal hormone, leptin, glucagon-like peptide-1, insulin glucagon and thyroid hormone. Our vision is that more attention should be paid to liver nutrient metabolism during pregnancy, which will be helpful for utilizing nutrient appropriately and efficiently, and avoiding liver diseases during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxu Fang
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Qingyang Li
- College of Life Sciences, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Haichao Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Ying Ren
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Leying Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
| | - Ling Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China
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Wu Y, Zhang M, Meng F, Ren K, Li D, Luo X, Hu Y. Betaine supplementation alleviates corticosterone-induced hepatic cholesterol accumulation through epigenetic modulation of HMGCR and CYP7A1 genes in laying hens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103435. [PMID: 38232620 PMCID: PMC10827596 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Excessive corticosterone (CORT) exposure could cause hepatic cholesterol accumulation in chickens and maternal betaine supplementation could decrease hepatic cholesterol deposition through epigenetic modifications in offspring chickens. Nevertheless, it remains uncertain whether providing betaine to laying hens could protect CORT-induced hepatic cholesterol accumulation via epigenetic mechanisms. This study aimed to examine the effects of dietary betaine on plasma and hepatic cholesterol contents, expression of cholesterol metabolic genes, as well as DNA methylation on their promoters in the liver of laying hens exposed to CORT. A total of 72 laying hens at 130 d of age were randomly divided into 3 groups: control (CON), CORT, and CORT+betaine (CORT+BET) groups. The experiment lasted for 35 d. Chickens in CON and CORT groups were fed a basal diet, whereas the CORT+BET group chickens were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.1% betaine for 35 d. On d 28 of the experiment, chickens in CORT and CORT+BET groups received daily subcutaneous injections of CORT (4.0 mg/kg body weight), whereas the CON group chickens were injected with an equal volume of solvent for 7 d. The results showed that CORT administration led to a significant increase (P < 0.05) in the contents of cholesterol in plasma and liver, associated with activation (P < 0.05) of sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 2 (SREBP2), 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase (HMGCR), lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) genes expression, and inhibition of cholesterol-7-alpha hydroxylase (CYP7A1) and sterol 27-hydroxylase (CYP27A1) genes expression in the liver compared to the CON. In contrast, CORT-induced up-regulation of HMGCR mRNA and protein abundances and downregulation of CYP7A1 mRNA and protein abundances were completely normalized (P < 0.05) by betaine supplementation. Besides, CORT injection led to significant hypomethylation (P < 0.05) on HMGCR promoter and hypermethylation (P < 0.05) on CYP7A1 promoter. Moreover, dietary betaine rescued (P < 0.05) CORT-induced changes in methylation status of HMGCR and CYP7A1 genes promoters. These results indicate that dietary betaine addition protects laying hens from CORT-induced hepatic cholesterol accumulation via epigenetic modulation of HMGCR and CYP7A1 genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Wu
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, P. R. China
| | - Mengwei Zhang
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, P. R. China
| | - Fanchi Meng
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, P. R. China
| | - Kunpeng Ren
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, P. R. China
| | - Ding Li
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, P. R. China
| | - Xugang Luo
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, P. R. China
| | - Yun Hu
- Poultry Mineral Nutrition Laboratory, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, P. R. China.
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Li H, Liu P, Zhang B, Yuan Z, Guo M, Zou X, Qian Y, Deng S, Zhu L, Cao X, Tao T, Xia S, Bao X, Xu Y. Acute ischemia induces spatially and transcriptionally distinct microglial subclusters. Genome Med 2023; 15:109. [PMID: 38082331 PMCID: PMC10712107 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-023-01257-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Damage in the ischemic core and penumbra after stroke affects patient prognosis. Microglia immediately respond to ischemic insult and initiate immune inflammation, playing an important role in the cellular injury after stroke. However, the microglial heterogeneity and the mechanisms involved remain unclear. METHODS We first performed single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics (ST) on middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mice from three time points to determine stroke-associated microglial subclusters and their spatial distributions. Furthermore, the expression of microglial subcluster-specific marker genes and the localization of different microglial subclusters were verified on MCAO mice through RNAscope and immunofluorescence. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) was performed to reveal functional characteristics of microglia sub-clusters. Additionally, ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was used to explore upstream regulators of microglial subclusters, which was confirmed by immunofluorescence, RT-qPCR, shRNA-mediated knockdown, and targeted metabolomics. Finally, the infarct size, neurological deficits, and neuronal apoptosis were evaluated in MCAO mice after manipulation of specific microglial subcluster. RESULTS We discovered stroke-associated microglial subclusters in the brains of MCAO mice. We also identified novel marker genes of these microglial subclusters and defined these cells as ischemic core-associated (ICAM) and ischemic penumbra-associated (IPAM) microglia, according to their spatial distribution. ICAM, induced by damage-associated molecular patterns, are probably fueled by glycolysis, and exhibit increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines production. BACH1 is a key transcription factor driving ICAM generation. In contrast, glucocorticoids, which are enriched in the penumbra, likely trigger IPAM formation, which are presumably powered by the citrate cycle and oxidative phosphorylation and are characterized by moderate pro-inflammatory responses, inflammation-alleviating metabolic features, and myelinotrophic properties. CONCLUSIONS ICAM could induce excessive neuroinflammation, aggravating brain injury, whereas IPAM probably exhibit neuroprotective features, which could be essential for the homeostasis and survival of cells in the penumbra. Our findings provide a biological basis for targeting specific microglial subclusters as a potential therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiya Li
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Pinyi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zengqiang Yuan
- The Brain Science Centre, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
- Centre of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Mengdi Guo
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xinxin Zou
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yi Qian
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Shiji Deng
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Liwen Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xiang Cao
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Tao Tao
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Shengnan Xia
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xinyu Bao
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Nanjing Neurology Medical Centre, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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Jiang Y, Peng Y, Yang X, Yu J, Yu F, Yuan J, Zha Y. PM 2.5 exposure aggravates kidney damage by facilitating the lipid metabolism disorder in diabetic mice. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15856. [PMID: 37671359 PMCID: PMC10476618 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ambient fine particulate matter ≤ 2.5 µm (PM2.5) air pollution exposure has been identified as a global health threat, the epidemiological evidence suggests that PM2.5 increased the risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD) among the diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. Despite the growing body of research on PM2.5 exposure, there has been limited investigation into its impact on the kidneys and the underlying mechanisms. Past studies have demonstrated that PM2.5 exposure can lead to lipid metabolism disorder, which has been linked to the development and progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). Methods In this study, db/db mice were exposed to different dosage PM2.5 for 8 weeks. The effect of PM2.5 exposure was analysis by assessment of renal function, pathological staining, immunohistochemical (IHC), quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) based metabolomic analyses. Results The increasing of Oil Red staining area and adipose differentiation related protein (ADRP) expression detected by IHC staining indicated more ectopic lipid accumulation in kidney after PM2.5 exposure, and the increasing of SREBP-1 and the declining of ATGL detected by IHC staining and qPCR indicated the disorder of lipid synthesisandlipolysis in DKD mice kidney after PM2.5 exposure. The expressions of high mobility group nucleosome binding protein 1 (HMGN1) and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) that are associated with kidney damage increased in kidney after PM2.5 exposure. Correlation analysis indicated that there was a relationship between HMGN1-KIM-1 and lipid metabolic markers. In addition, kidneys of mice were analyzed using LC-MS/MS based metabolomic analyses. PM2.5 exposure altered metabolic profiles in the mice kidney, including 50 metabolites. In conclusion the results of this study show that PM2.5 exposure lead to abnormal renal function and further promotes renal injury by disturbance of renal lipid metabolism and alter metabolic profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuecheng Jiang
- Zunyi Medical University, Guiyang, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunological Disease, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
- Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Yanzhe Peng
- Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Xia Yang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunological Disease, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
- Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
- School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiali Yu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunological Disease, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
- Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
- School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Fuxun Yu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunological Disease, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
- Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Yan Zha
- Zunyi Medical University, Guiyang, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunological Disease, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
- Department of Nephrology, Guizhou Provincial People’s Hospital, Guiyang, China
- School of Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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Qiu F, Zeng R, Li D, Ye T, Xu W, Wang X, Yan X, Li H, Hu X. Establishment and bioinformatics evaluation of the ethanol combined with palmitic acid-induced mouse hepatocyte AFLD model (the Hu-Qiu Model). Heliyon 2023; 9:e19359. [PMID: 37681138 PMCID: PMC10481297 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic alcoholic liver disease has brought great harm to human health. Alcoholic fatty liver disease is the first stage in the progression of all chronic alcoholic liver diseases. At present, there is no cell model that fully matches the etiology (high-fat diet + alcohol) of human alcoholic fatty liver disease. We used 100 mM ethanol +6.25 μM PA to establish the ethanol combined with PA-induced mouse hepatocyte AFLD model (EP-AFLD hepatocyte model) and performed the RNA-seq transcriptome sequencing. Through bioinformatics analysis and comparison, we discovered that the EP-AFLD hepatocyte model was more suitable for studying the pathological mechanism of AFLD than the mouse AFLD hepatocyte model induced by ethanol alone. And through bioinformatics analysis, we further discovered that 77 genes from the differential expression gene set of EP-AFLD hepatocyte model were engaged in the pathological process of mouse AFLD and 40 genes were involved in the pathogenesis of both mouse AFLD and human AFLD. In this study, a novel mouse hepatocyte AFLD model was successfully established by combining ethanol and PA, which can be used to study the molecular mechanism of the pathogenesis of AFLD in mice or humans. This study will provide a brand-new in vitro experimental platform for the in-depth study of AFLD pathogenesis and the screening of AFLD therapeutic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Du Li
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Tingjie Ye
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiaoling Wang
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yan
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Xudong Hu
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
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