1
|
Zhao Y, Lv R, He Y, Dong N, Wang X, Pu J, Yu Q. The miR-21-5p/DUSP8/MAPK signaling pathway mediates inflammation and apoptosis in vascular endothelial cells induced by intermittent hypoxia and contributes to the protective effects of N-acetylcysteine. Eur J Pharmacol 2025; 997:177462. [PMID: 40058751 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2025.177462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2025] [Accepted: 03/04/2025] [Indexed: 03/15/2025]
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnoea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a sleep disorder associated with significant cardiovascular complications, characterized by intermittent hypoxia (IH). IH causes endothelial dysfunction, an early event in cardiovascular disease. We investigated the role of dual-specificity phosphatase 8 (DUSP8), a key negative regulator of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathway, in IH-induced endothelial cell damage, and the therapeutic effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) by establishing IH models in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and C57BL/6 mice. DUSP8 and MAPK signalling pathway-related proteins were analysed by western blotting, and DUSP8 mRNA and miR-21-5p expression was assessed by RT-qPCR. Inflammatory cytokines were detected by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, apoptosis-related proteins were analysed by western blotting, and apoptosis was assessed using flow cytometry. IH stimulation induced inflammation and apoptosis in endothelial cells, downregulated DUSP8 expression, and upregulated the phosphorylation of key molecules involved in the MAPK signalling pathway. However, DUSP8 overexpression alleviated IH-induced inflammation and apoptosis in endothelial cells and reduced the phosphorylation of key molecules in the MAPK signalling pathway. Bioinformatic analysis and dual-luciferase reporter assays confirmed that DUSP8 is a direct target of miR-21-5p. DUSP8 overexpression effectively reversed the damage caused by miR-21-5p upregulation under IH conditions. Furthermore, in cell and animal models of IH, NAC demonstrated protective effects against inflammation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress through a mechanism linked to the miR-21-5p/DUSP8/MAPK signalling pathway. Overall, this study elucidated the protective role of DUSP8 against IH-induced endothelial injury and confirmed the potential of NAC as a therapeutic agent for OSAHS-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhao
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Renjun Lv
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Yao He
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Na Dong
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jiayuan Pu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Qin Yu
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gao YP, Lu JT, Zhang HJ, Cui ZM, Guo Y, Zhang X, Wang W, Qiu LL, Wang XY, Wang TY, Jia YL. MAT2A Knockdown Enhances Recombinant Protein Expression in Transgenic CHO Cells Through Regulation of Cell Cycle. Biotechnol Bioeng 2025; 122:1461-1471. [PMID: 40011400 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2024] [Revised: 02/18/2025] [Accepted: 02/19/2025] [Indexed: 02/28/2025]
Abstract
Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells represent the most widely utilized host system for industrial production of high-quality recombinant protein therapeutics. Novel CHO cell line development is achieved through genetic and cellular engineering approaches, effectively addressing limitations such as clonal variation and productivity loss during culture. Previous studies have established that MAT2A inhibition in tumor cells promotes expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21, inducing antitumor activity. Notably, p21 induction has been shown to enhance recombinant protein expression in CHO cells by triggering cell cycle arrest. In this study, we identified MAT2A as a potential regulatory target, showing significant differential expression in transfected CHO cells with elevated versus diminished recombinant protein production. To investigate this phenomenon, we generated CHO cells with MAT2A knockdown (shMAT2A) and evaluated their recombinant protein output. Results demonstrated that MAT2A silencing enhanced recombiant protein/antibody production by 1.73-/1.70-fold through suppression of CyclinD1, thereby activating p21 and inducing G1 phase arrest. Furthermore, pharmacological inhibition of MAT2A using small molecules increased cell volume, boosted metabolic activity, and improved specific antibody productivity of recombiant protein/antibody production by 1.88-/2.16-fold in transfected CHO cells. These findings advance our understanding of MAT2A-mediated regulatory mechanisms and provide a strategic framework for developing high-efficiency CHO cell expression systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ping Gao
- School of Pharmacy, XinXiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- International Joint Laboratory of Recombinant Drug Protein Expression System, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jiang-Tao Lu
- School of Pharmacy, XinXiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- International Joint Laboratory of Recombinant Drug Protein Expression System, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Hui-Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, XinXiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- International Joint Laboratory of Recombinant Drug Protein Expression System, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhao-Ming Cui
- School of Pharmacy, XinXiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- International Joint Laboratory of Recombinant Drug Protein Expression System, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yang Guo
- School of Pharmacy, XinXiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- International Joint Laboratory of Recombinant Drug Protein Expression System, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, XinXiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- International Joint Laboratory of Recombinant Drug Protein Expression System, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Wen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, XinXiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- International Joint Laboratory of Recombinant Drug Protein Expression System, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Le-Le Qiu
- School of Basic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xiao-Yin Wang
- International Joint Laboratory of Recombinant Drug Protein Expression System, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Tian-Yun Wang
- International Joint Laboratory of Recombinant Drug Protein Expression System, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yan-Long Jia
- School of Pharmacy, XinXiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
- International Joint Laboratory of Recombinant Drug Protein Expression System, Xinxiang, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center for Biopharmaceutical Innovation, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Humayrah W, Sabrina N, Stefani M, Taslim NA, Surya R, Handoko MN, Lau V, Hardinsyah H, Tallei TE, Syahputra RA, Nurkolis F. The role of micro-ribonucleic acid and small interfering-ribonucleic acid in precision nutrition for obesity management. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2025; 67:463-475. [PMID: 40158690 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2025.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2025] [Accepted: 03/24/2025] [Indexed: 04/02/2025]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Precision nutrition aims to tailor dietary interventions based on genetic and molecular profiles. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are emerging as critical tools in precision obesity management. miRNAs serve as biomarkers for predicting dietary response and obesity risk, while siRNAs provide a targeted approach to silencing obesity-related genes. This review explores the mechanisms, applications, and potential of integrating miRNA and siRNA in personalized dietary strategies to combat obesity. METHODS A comprehensive literature review was conducted using Boolean operations to identify studies on miRNAs, siRNAs, and their roles in precision nutrition. The review focused on molecular mechanisms, clinical applications, challenges, and future directions in integrating miRNA detection and siRNA therapy for obesity management. RESULTS miRNAs regulate gene expression related to lipid metabolism, adipogenesis, and insulin sensitivity, with miRNA-33 and miRNA-103/107 being notable examples. siRNAs offer precise gene silencing for targets like SREBP-1c and PPARγ, addressing metabolic pathways resistant to dietary interventions. The synergistic integration of miRNAs as biomarkers and siRNAs as therapeutic tools enhances the personalization and efficacy of obesity management. CONCLUSIONS The dual application of miRNAs and siRNAs in precision nutrition represents a transformative approach to obesity management. While challenges such as molecular stability and delivery systems persist, advancements in RNA technology and clinical research promise to revolutionize personalized dietary strategies. Future research should focus on large-scale trials and ethical considerations to ensure equitable and effective implementation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wardina Humayrah
- Nutrition Study Program, Faculty of Food Technology and Health, Sahid University, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Nindy Sabrina
- Nutrition Study Program, Faculty of Food Technology and Health, Sahid University, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Megah Stefani
- Nutrition Study Program, Faculty of Food Technology and Health, Sahid University, Jakarta, Indonesia.
| | - Nurpudji Astuti Taslim
- Division of Clinical Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia.
| | - Reggie Surya
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta 11480, Indonesia.
| | - Matthew Nathaniel Handoko
- MSc Obesity and Clinical Nutrition, Division of Medicine, Faculty of Medical Siences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
| | - Vincent Lau
- Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia.
| | - Hardinsyah Hardinsyah
- Division of Applied Nutrition, Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Human Ecology, IPB University, West Java, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia.
| | - Trina Ekawati Tallei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado 95115, Indonesia.
| | - Rony Abdi Syahputra
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of North Sumatra, Medan 20155, Indonesia.
| | - Fahrul Nurkolis
- Medical Research Center of Indonesia, Surabaya, Indonesia; State Islamic University of Sunan Kalijaga (UIN Sunan Kalijaga), Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia; Master of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zheng M, Bao N, Wang Z, Song C, Jin Y. Alternative splicing in autism spectrum disorder: Recent insights from mechanisms to therapy. Asian J Psychiatr 2025; 108:104501. [PMID: 40273800 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2025.104501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2025] [Revised: 04/11/2025] [Accepted: 04/12/2025] [Indexed: 04/26/2025]
Abstract
Alternative splicing (AS) is a vital and highly dynamic RNA regulatory mechanism that allows a single gene to generate multiple mRNA and protein isoforms. Dysregulation of AS has been identified as a key contributor to the pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD). A comprehensive understanding of aberrant splicing mechanisms and their functional consequences in ASD can help uncover the molecular basis of the disorder and facilitate the development of therapeutic strategies. This review focuses on the major aberrant splicing events and key splicing regulators associated with ASD, highlighting their roles in linking defective splicing to ASD pathogenesis. In addition, a discussion of how emerging technologies, such as long-read sequencing, single-cell sequencing, spatial transcriptomics and CRISPR-Cas systems are offering novel insights into the role and mechanisms of AS in ASD is presented. Finally, the RNA splicing-based therapeutic strategies are evaluated, emphasizing their potential to address unmet clinical needs in ASD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mixue Zheng
- Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
| | - Nengcheng Bao
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Zhechao Wang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; School of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China.
| | - Chao Song
- Department of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics, the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Centre for Child Health, Hangzhou 310052, China.
| | - Yongfeng Jin
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis & Protection and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Vidiyala N, Sunkishala P, Parupathi P, Nyavanandi D. The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery and Pharmaceutical Development: A Paradigm Shift in the History of Pharmaceutical Industries. AAPS PharmSciTech 2025; 26:133. [PMID: 40360908 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-025-03134-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2025] [Accepted: 04/28/2025] [Indexed: 05/15/2025] Open
Abstract
In today's world, with an increasing patient population, the need for medications is increasing rapidly. However, the current practice of drug development is time-consuming and requires a lot of investment by the pharmaceutical industries. Currently, it takes around 8-10 years and $3 billion of investment to develop a medication. Pharmaceutical industries and regulatory authorities are continuing to adopt new technologies to improve the efficiency of the drug development process. However, over the decades the pharmaceutical industries were not able to accelerate the drug development process. The pandemic (COVID-19) has taught the pharmaceutical industries and regulatory agencies an expensive lesson showing the need for emergency preparedness by accelerating the drug development process. Over the last few years, the pharmaceutical industries have been collaborating with artificial intelligence (AI) companies to develop algorithms and models that can be implemented at various stages of the drug development process to improve efficiency and reduce the developmental timelines significantly. In recent years, AI-screened drug candidates have entered clinical testing in human subjects which shows the interest of pharmaceutical companies and regulatory agencies. End-end integration of AI within the drug development process will benefit the industries for predicting the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles, toxicity, acceleration of clinical trials, study design, virtual monitoring of subjects, optimization of manufacturing process, analyzing and real-time monitoring of product quality, and regulatory preparedness. This review article discusses in detail the role of AI in various avenues of the pharmaceutical drug development process, its limitations, regulatory and future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nithin Vidiyala
- Small Molecule Drug Product Development, Cerevel Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02141, USA
| | - Pavani Sunkishala
- Process Validation, PCI Pharma Services, Bedford, New Hampshire, 03110, USA
| | - Prashanth Parupathi
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York, 11201, USA
| | - Dinesh Nyavanandi
- Small Molecule Drug Product Development, Cerevel Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02141, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bhati V, Prasad S, Kabra A. RNA-based therapies for neurodegenerative disease: Targeting molecular mechanisms for disease modification. Mol Cell Neurosci 2025; 133:104010. [PMID: 40340000 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2025.104010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2025] [Revised: 04/23/2025] [Accepted: 04/30/2025] [Indexed: 05/10/2025] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), and Huntington's disease (HD) are characterized by progressive neuronal damage, protein aggregation, and chronic inflammation, leading to cognitive and motor impairments. Despite symptomatic relief from current therapies, disease-modifying treatments targeting the core molecular mechanism are still lacking. RNA-based therapies offer a promising approach to treating neurodegenerative disease by targeting molecular mechanisms such as gene expression, protein synthesis, and neuroinflammation. Therapeutic strategies include Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), Antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs), RNA interference (RNAi), small interfering RNA (siRNA) and short hairpin RNA (shRNA), messenger RNA (mRNA) therapies, and microRNA (miRNA)-based interventions. These therapies aim to decrease toxic protein accumulation, restore deficient proteins, and modulate inflammatory responses in conditions like AD, PD, and HD. Unlike conventional treatments that primarily manage symptoms, RNA-based therapies have the potential to modify disease progression by addressing its root causes. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of current RNA-based therapeutic strategies for neurodegenerative diseases, discussing their mechanism of action, preclinical and clinical advancement. It further explores innovative solutions, including nanocarrier-mediated delivery, chemical modifications to enhance RNA stability, and personalized medicine approaches guided by genetic profiling that are being developed to overcome these barriers. This review also underscores the therapeutic opportunities and current limitations of RNA-based interventions, highlighting their potential to transform the future of neurodegenerative disease management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Bhati
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali-140413, Punjab, India
| | - Sonima Prasad
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali-140413, Punjab, India
| | - Atul Kabra
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali-140413, Punjab, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang Y, Sanghvi G, Ballal S, Sharma R, Pathak PK, Shankhyan A, Sun J, Chen Q, Ma Y, Huang L, Liu Y. Molecular mechanisms of lncRNA NEAT1 in the pathogenesis of liver-related diseases, with special focus on therapeutic approaches. Pathol Res Pract 2025; 269:155867. [PMID: 40054160 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2025.155867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 01/13/2025] [Accepted: 02/25/2025] [Indexed: 04/19/2025]
Abstract
Liver diseases are a major worldwide health concern, with high rates of dysfunction and mortality. In recent years, a variety of lncRNAs have been studied and discovered to be engaged in numerous cellular-level regulatory mechanisms as competing endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs), which play a significant role in the development of liver-related diseases. A class of RNA molecules known as lncRNAs, which are over 200 nucleotides long, do not translate into proteins. Nuclear Enriched Abundant Transcript 1 (NEAT1) is a type of lncRNA that has a critical function in paraspeckles formation and stability. NEAT1 levels are consistently found to be higher than normal in a number of different types of diseases, as well as patients who have high levels of NEAT1 expression often have a poor prognosis. The significance and mode of action of NEAT1 in liver illnesses, such as nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), alcohol-related liver disease (ALD), liver fibrosis/cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), viral hepatitis, and liver injury, are becoming more widely known. In this review, we highlighted significant recent studies concerning the various roles of lncRNA NEAT1 in hepatic diseases. As well as, we reviewed novel therapeutic potential of lncRNAs in several liver-related diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yahui Wang
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Gaurav Sanghvi
- Marwadi University Research Center, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science Marwadi University, Rajkot, Gujarat 360003, India
| | - Suhas Ballal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Rsk Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, Raghu Engineering College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 531162, India
| | - Piyus Kumar Pathak
- Department of Applied Sciences-Chemistry, NIMS Institute of Engineering & Technology, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Aman Shankhyan
- Centre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab 140401, India
| | - Jiaxuan Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Qingmin Chen
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Yu Ma
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China
| | - Yahui Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, General Surgery Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130061, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Saadh MJ, Hamid JA, Malathi H, Kazmi SW, Omar TM, Sharma A, Kumar MR, Aggarwal T, Sead FF. SNHG family lncRNAs: Key players in the breast cancer progression and immune cell's modulation. Exp Cell Res 2025; 447:114531. [PMID: 40118265 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2025.114531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2025] [Revised: 03/17/2025] [Accepted: 03/19/2025] [Indexed: 03/23/2025]
Abstract
Breast cancer, a highly prevalent form of cancer worldwide, has observed a steady increase in its prevalence over the past few decades. This rise can be attributed to the complex nature of the disease, characterized by its heterogeneity, ability to metastasize, and resistance to various treatment. In the field of cancer research, long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are of special interest, which play an important role in the development and progression of various tumors, including breast cancer. LncRNAs affect the tumor microenvironment by attracting diverse immunosuppressive factors and controlling the differentiation of immune cells, often referred to as myeloid and lymphoid cells, which contributes to immune escape of tumor cells. Among the lncRNA families, the small nucleolar RNA host gene (SNHG) family has been found to be dysregulated in breast cancer. These SNHGs have been implicated in crucial cellular processes such as cell proliferation, invasion, migration, resistance to therapies, apoptosis, as well as immune cell regulation and differentiation. Consequently, they have great potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers as well as potential therapeutic targets for breast cancer. In this comprehensive review, we aim to summarize the recent advances in the study of SNHGs in breast cancer pathogenesis and their role in regulating the activity of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment through affecting SNHGs/miRNA/mRNA pathways, with the aim of providing new insights into the treatment of breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman, 11831, Jordan.
| | | | - H Malathi
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Syeda Wajida Kazmi
- Chandigarh Pharmacy College, Chandigarh Group of Colleges-Jhanjeri, Mohali, 140307, Punjab, India
| | - Thabit Moath Omar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technics, College of Health and Medical Technology, Alnoor University, Nineveh, Iraq
| | - Ashish Sharma
- Department of Pharmacology, NIMS Institute of Pharmacy, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - M Ravi Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Raghu Engineering College, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, 531162, India
| | - Tushar Aggarwal
- Centre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140401, Punjab, India
| | - Fadhil Feez Sead
- Department of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq; Department of Medical Analysis, Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gyöngyösi M, Guthrie J, Hasimbegovic E, Han E, Riesenhuber M, Hamzaraj K, Bergler-Klein J, Traxler D, Emmert MY, Hackl M, Derdak S, Lukovic D. Critical analysis of descriptive microRNA data in the translational research on cardioprotection and cardiac repair: lost in the complexity of bioinformatics. Basic Res Cardiol 2025:10.1007/s00395-025-01104-1. [PMID: 40205177 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-025-01104-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2025] [Accepted: 03/24/2025] [Indexed: 04/11/2025]
Abstract
The unsuccessful translation of cardiac regeneration and cardioprotection from animal experiments to clinical applications in humans has raised the question of whether microRNA bioinformatics can narrow the gap between animal and human research outputs. We reviewed the literature for the period between 2000 and 2024 and found 178 microRNAs involved in cardioprotection and cardiac regeneration. On analyzing the orthologs and annotations, as well as downstream regulation, we observed species-specific differences in the diverse regulation of the microRNAs and related genes and transcriptomes, the influence of the experimental setting on the microRNA-guided biological responses, and database-specific bioinformatics results. We concluded that, in addition to reducing the number of in vivo experiments, following the 3R animal experiment rules, the bioinformatics approach allows the prediction of several currently unknown interactions between pathways, coding and non-coding genes, proteins, and downstream regulatory elements. However, a comprehensive analysis of the miRNA-mRNA-protein networks needs a profound bioinformatics and mathematical education and training to appropriately design an experimental study, select the right bioinformatics tool with programming language skills and understand and display the bioinformatics output of the results to translate the research data into clinical practice. In addition, using in-silico approaches, a risk of deviating from the in vivo processes exists, with adverse consequences on the translational research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariann Gyöngyösi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
| | - Julia Guthrie
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Rare and Undiagnosed Diseases, Zimmermannplatz 10, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ena Hasimbegovic
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Emilie Han
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Riesenhuber
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kevin Hamzaraj
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jutta Bergler-Klein
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Denise Traxler
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maximilian Y Emmert
- Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Deutsches Herzzentrum der Charite (DHZC), Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Sophia Derdak
- Core Facilities, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominika Lukovic
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dui W, Xiaobin Z, Haifeng Z, Lijuan D, Wenhui H, Zhengfeng Z, Jinling S. Harnessing RNA therapeutics: novel approaches and emerging strategies for cardiovascular disease management. Front Cardiovasc Med 2025; 12:1546515. [PMID: 40182424 PMCID: PMC11965680 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1546515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2025] [Indexed: 04/05/2025] Open
Abstract
RNA therapeutics are emerging as a promising approach for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) management, offering targeted gene regulation through modalities like mRNA, siRNA, and miRNA. In recent years, researchers have conducted a lot of research on the application of RNA therapeutics technology in the treatment of CVDs. Despite hurdles in off-target effects and immune responses, the clinical trial outcomes are encouraging. This review synthesizes the current progress in RNA therapeutics for CVDs, examining their mechanisms, advantages, and challenges in delivery and safety. We highlight the potential of personalized medicine, combination artificial intelligence (AI) and bioinformatics in advancing RNA therapeutics. The future of RNA therapeutics in CVDs is poised for significant impact, necessitating continued research and interdisciplinary collaboration to optimize these treatments and ensure patient safety and efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wang Dui
- Department of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, China
| | - Zhao Xiaobin
- Department of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, China
| | - Zhang Haifeng
- Department of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, China
| | - Dang Lijuan
- Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, China
| | - Huang Wenhui
- Cardiovascular Department, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, China
| | - Zhang Zhengfeng
- Department of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, China
| | - Song Jinling
- Department of Cardiovascular Rehabilitation, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Devaux Y, Zacchigna S, Schulz R. EDITORIAL for BJP themed issue "noncoding RNA therapeutics". Br J Pharmacol 2025; 182:203-205. [PMID: 39572864 DOI: 10.1111/bph.17365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2024] Open
Abstract
LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed issue Non-coding RNA Therapeutics. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v182.2/issuetoc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yvan Devaux
- Cardiovascular Research Unit, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - Serena Zacchigna
- International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Trieste, Italy
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang J, Chen L, Yu J, Tian W, Guo S. Advances in the roles and mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cell derived microRNAs on periodontal tissue regeneration. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:393. [PMID: 39491017 PMCID: PMC11533400 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03998-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 10/12/2024] [Indexed: 11/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is one of the most prevalent oral diseases leading to tooth loss in adults, and is characterized by the destruction of periodontal supporting structures. Traditional therapies for periodontitis cannot achieve ideal regeneration of the periodontal tissue. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represent a promising approach to periodontal tissue regeneration. Recently, the prominent role of MSCs in this context has been attributed to microRNAs (miRNAs), which participate in post-transcriptional regulation and are crucial for various physiological and pathological processes. Additionally, they function as indispensable elements in extracellular vesicles, which protect them from degradation. In periodontitis, MSCs-derived miRNAs play a pivotal role in cellular proliferation and differentiation, angiogenesis of periodontal tissues, regulating autophagy, providing anti-apoptotic effects, and mediating the inflammatory microenvironment. As a cell-free strategy, their small size and ability to target related sets of genes and regulate signaling networks predispose miRNAs to become ideal candidates for periodontal tissue regeneration. This review aims to introduce and summarize the potential functions and mechanisms of MSCs-derived miRNAs in periodontal tissue repair and regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangrui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jialu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Weidong Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shujuan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases &National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & Engineering Research Center of Oral Translational Medicine, Ministry of Education & National Engineering Laboratory for Oral Regenerative Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Periodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|