1
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Yoon L, Keenan KE, Hipwell AE, Forbes EE, Guyer AE. Hooked on a thought: Associations between rumination and neural responses to social rejection in adolescent girls. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2023; 64:101320. [PMID: 37922608 PMCID: PMC10641579 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2023.101320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rumination is a significant risk factor for psychopathology in adolescent girls and is associated with heightened and prolonged physiological arousal following social rejection. However, no study has examined how rumination relates to neural responses to social rejection in adolescent girls; thus, the current study aimed to address this gap. Adolescent girls (N = 116; ages 16.95-19.09) self-reported on their rumination tendency and completed a social evaluation fMRI task where they received fictitious feedback (acceptance, rejection) from peers they liked or disliked. Rejection-related neural activity and subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) connectivity were regressed on rumination, controlling for rejection sensitivity and depressive symptoms. Rumination was associated with distinctive neural responses following rejection from liked peers including increased neural activity in the precuneus, inferior parietal gyrus, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and supplementary motor area (SMA) and reduced sgACC connectivity with multiple regions including medial prefrontal cortex, precuneus and ventrolateral prefrontal cortex. Greater precuneus and SMA activity mediated the effect of rumination on slower response time to report emotional state after receiving rejection from liked peers. These findings provide clues for distinctive cognitive processes (e.g., mentalizing, conflict processing, memory encoding) following the receipt of rejection in girls with high levels of rumination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leehyun Yoon
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95618, USA
| | - Kate E Keenan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Alison E Hipwell
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Erika E Forbes
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
| | - Amanda E Guyer
- Center for Mind and Brain, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95618, USA; Department of Human Ecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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2
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Zhang MR, Ng FFY, Hong YY, Wei J, Liu RD, Chan SL. My child and I: self- and child-reference effects among parents with self-worth contingent on children's performance. Memory 2023; 31:1244-1257. [PMID: 37698244 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2023.2254029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Research shows that parents' self-worth may be contingent on their children's performance, with implications for their interactions with children. This study examined whether such child-based worth is manifested in parents' recognition memory. Parents of school-age children in China (N = 527) reported on their child-based worth and completed a recognition memory task involving evaluative trait adjectives encoded in three conditions: self-reference, child-reference, and semantic processing. The more parents had child-based worth, the more they exhibited a child-reference effect - superior recognition memory of evaluative trait adjectives encoded with reference to the child rather than semantically. Parents exhibited the classic self-reference effect in comparisons of recognition memory between the self-reference and semantic processing conditions, but this effect was not evidenced among parents high in child-based worth. Only parents low in child-based worth exhibited the self-reference effect in comparisons between the self-reference and child-reference conditions. Findings suggest that when parents hinge their self-worth on children's performance, evaluative information related to children may be an elaborate structure in memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Run Zhang
- Division of Arts and Sciences, New York University Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Florrie Fei-Yin Ng
- Department of Educational Psychology, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Ying-Yi Hong
- Department of Management, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jun Wei
- Institute of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Republic China
| | - Ru-De Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Shun-Lam Chan
- Institute of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Republic China
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3
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Scheuplein M, Ahmed SP, Foulkes L, Griffin C, Chierchia G, Blakemore SJ. Perspective Taking and Memory for Self- and Town-Related Information in Male Adolescents and Young Adults. COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT 2023; 67:101356. [PMID: 37933402 PMCID: PMC7615281 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogdev.2023.101356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Adolescence is a sensitive period for categorical self-concept development, which affects the ability to take others' perspectives, which might differ from one's own, and how self-related information is memorized. Little is known about whether these two processes are related in adolescence. The current study recruited 97 male participants aged 11-35 years. Using a self-referential memory task, we found that younger participants were less prone to recognize previously seen town-related adjectives, compared to self-related adjectives. However, this age-related reduction in recognition bias was unrelated to accurate memory performance. Using the Director task to assess perspective taking, we found an age-related decrease in egocentric biases in perspective taking from adolescence to early adulthood (i.e., perspective taking abilities improved with age). However, there was no evidence that these two processes were related. Overall, our findings suggest that male adolescents display parallel but independent age-related changes in self-referential biases in memory and perspective taking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Scheuplein
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, Alexandra House, 17-19 Queen Square, London WC1N 3AZ, United Kingdom
- Institute of Education and Child Studies, Leiden University, Pieter de la Court building, Wassenaarseweg 52, 2333 AK Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Saz P. Ahmed
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, Alexandra House, 17-19 Queen Square, London WC1N 3AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Lucy Foulkes
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, Alexandra House, 17-19 Queen Square, London WC1N 3AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Cait Griffin
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, Alexandra House, 17-19 Queen Square, London WC1N 3AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriele Chierchia
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, Alexandra House, 17-19 Queen Square, London WC1N 3AZ, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Pl, Cambridge CB2 3EB, United Kingdom
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Science, University of Pavia, Piazza Botta 6, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - Sarah-Jayne Blakemore
- Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, Alexandra House, 17-19 Queen Square, London WC1N 3AZ, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Pl, Cambridge CB2 3EB, United Kingdom
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4
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Butterfield RD, Silk JS. The Role of Neural Self-Referential Processes Underlying Self-Concept in Adolescent Depression: A Comprehensive Review and Proposed Neurobehavioral Model. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2023; 149:105183. [PMID: 37076056 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2023.105183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
There is growing knowledge about how self-concept develops in adolescence and contributes to the onset of depression, but researchers have only recently begun investigating the neural mechanisms that underlie self-referential cognition in adolescents with and without depression. This paper reviews task-related functional neuroimaging (fMRI) research on self-referential neural processing in both healthy and depressed adolescents (Mage range = 12-18 years), with a focus on elucidating brain activation that may subserve adolescent self-perception and related associations with depression. Drawing on conclusions from the affective neuroscience literature and developmental theory, we propose a neurobehavioral model and future research recommendations to address how social factors might shape self-referential neural processes and self-concept in ways that confer risk for depression. We review the operationalization of self-concept, developmental theory (i.e., symbolic interactionism) on self-concept development, and the role of self-concept in adolescent depression. We then review empirical studies assessing neural activation during healthy and depressed adolescents' processing of self-relevant information, and the limited studies assessing links between social factors and neural self-referential processing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer S Silk
- University of Pittsburgh, Department of Psychology and Psychiatry
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5
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Moses-Payne M, Chierchia G, Blakemore SJ. Age-related changes in the impact of valence on self-referential processing in female adolescents and young adults. COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT 2022; 61:None. [PMID: 35125644 PMCID: PMC8791274 DOI: 10.1016/j.cogdev.2021.101128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Adolescence is a period of self-concept development. In the current study, females aged 11–30 years (N = 210) completed two self-referential tasks. In a memory task, participants judged the descriptiveness of words for themselves or a familiar other and their recognition of these words was subsequently measured. In an associative-matching task, participants associated neutral shapes to either themselves or a familiar other and the accuracy of their matching judgements was measured. In the evaluative memory task, participants were more likely to remember self-judged than other-judged words and there was an age-related decrease in the size of this self-reference effect. Negative self-judgements showed a quadratic association with age, peaking around age 19. Participants were more likely to remember positive than negative words and there was an age-related increase in the magnitude of this positivity bias. In the neutral shapes task, there were no age-related changes in the self-reference effect. Overall, adolescent girls showed enhanced processing of self-relevant stimuli when it could be used to inform their self-concept and especially when it was negative. Negative self-judgements showed a quadratic association with age, peaking around age 19. Participants correctly recognized more self-judged than other-judged words and more positive than negative words. The magnitude of the self-reference effect, remembering more self- than other-judged words, showed an age-related decrease. The magnitude of the positivity bias, remembering more positive than negative words, showed an age-related increase. When stimuli were neutral shapes rather than evaluative words, there was no age-related change in the self-reference effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.E. Moses-Payne
- UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, London WC1N 3AZ, UK
- Corresponding author at: UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, 17-19 Queen Square, London WC1N 3AZ, UK.
| | - G. Chierchia
- UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, London WC1N 3AZ, UK
- University of Cambridge, Department of Psychology, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK
| | - S.-J. Blakemore
- UCL Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, London WC1N 3AZ, UK
- University of Cambridge, Department of Psychology, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EB, UK
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6
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Desaunay P, Dégeilh F, Guénolé F, Eustache F, Viard A, Bon L, Dayan J, Baleyte JM, Guillery-Girard B. Self-representation in Kleine-Levin syndrome: a single case fMRI study. Neurocase 2021; 27:396-406. [PMID: 34541988 DOI: 10.1080/13554794.2021.1974488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Kleine-Levin syndrome (KLS) is characterized by recurrent episodes of hypersomnia, compulsive hyperphagia, disinhibition, hypersexuality and self modifications. To investigate the Self, we used afunctional magnetic resonance imaging paradigm evaluating Self-reference processing (SRP) and Self-reference effect (SRE) in a17-year-old male adolescent at the end of an episode. We observed enhanced activations in right hemisphere and posterior areas- associated with physical Self representations- during the SRP condition, while during the SRE condition, enhanced activations in bilateral but prevailing left frontal areas- associated with the conceptual Self. These results suggest amodified Self during aKLS episode being more physically grounded.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Desaunay
- U1077 Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, Caen, France.,Service De Psychiatrie De L'enfant Et De L'adolescent, Chu De Caen, Caen, France
| | - F Dégeilh
- U1077 Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, Caen, France
| | - F Guénolé
- U1077 Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, Caen, France.,Service De Psychiatrie De L'enfant Et De L'adolescent, Chu De Caen, Caen, France
| | - F Eustache
- U1077 Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, Caen, France
| | - A Viard
- U1077 Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, Caen, France
| | - L Bon
- U1077 Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, Caen, France.,Service De Psychiatrie De L'enfant Et De L'adolescent, Chu De Caen, Caen, France
| | - J Dayan
- U1077 Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, Caen, France.,Pôle Hospitalo-Universitaire De Psychiatrie De l'Enfant Et De l'Adolescent, Centre Hospitalier Guillaume Régnier, Université Rennes 1, Rennes, France
| | - J M Baleyte
- U1077 Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, Caen, France.,Service De Psychiatrie De L'enfant Et De L'adolescent, Hôpital Universitaire De Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - B Guillery-Girard
- U1077 Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, Caen, France.,Institut Universitaire de, France (IUF)
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7
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Neurometabolic underpinning of the intergenerational transmission of prosociality. Neuroimage 2020; 218:116965. [PMID: 32461150 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2020.116965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parent-child personality transmission can occur via biological gene-driven processes as well as through environmental factors such as shared environment and parenting style. We recently revealed a negative association between prosociality, a highly valued personality attribute in human society, and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels in children at the age of 10 years. We thus hypothesized that prosociality would be intergenerationally transmitted, and that transmission would be underwritten by neurometabolic heritability. Here, we collected prosociality data from children aged 10 years and their parents in a large-scale population-based birth cohort study. We also measured ACC GABA+ and glutamate plus glutamine (Glx) levels in a follow-up assessment with a subsample of the participants (aged 11 years) using magnetic resonance spectroscopy. We analyzed the associations among children's and parents' prosociality and GABA+/Glx ratios. We also examined the effect of socioeconomic status (SES) and verbalized parental affection (VPA) on these associations. We found a significant positive parent-child association for prosociality (N = 3026; children's mean age 10.2 years) and GABA+/Glx ratio (N = 99; children's mean age 11.4 years). There was a significant negative association between GABA+/Glx ratio and prosociality in both children (N = 208) and parents (N = 128). Our model accounting for the effects of neurometabolic heritability on prosociality transmission fitted well. Moreover, in this model, a significant positive effect of VPA but not SES on children's prosociality was observed independently of the effect of neurometabolic transmission, while SES but not VPA was significantly associated with parental prosociality. Our results provide novel insights into the neurometabolic substrates of parent-child transmission of social behavior.
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8
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Barendse MEA, Cosme D, Flournoy JC, Vijayakumar N, Cheng TW, Allen NB, Pfeifer JH. Neural correlates of self-evaluation in relation to age and pubertal development in early adolescent girls. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2020; 44:100799. [PMID: 32479376 PMCID: PMC7260676 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2020.100799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-evaluation of social traits by adolescent girls elicited activation in midline brain regions. Age and pubertal development were not related to neural activation during self-evaluation. Higher vmPFC and pgACC activation were related to a higher probability of endorsing negative traits. Higher activation in those regions was also related to a lower probability of endorsing positive traits.
Early adolescence is marked by puberty, and is also a time of flux in self-perception. However, there is limited research on the neural correlates of self-evaluation in relation to pubertal development. The current study examined relationships between neural activation during self-evaluation of social traits and maturation (age and pubertal development) in a community sample of female adolescents. Participants (N = 143; age M = 11.65, range = 10.0–13.0) completed a functional MRI task in which they judged the self-descriptiveness of adjectives for prosocial, antisocial and social status-related traits. Pubertal development was based on self-report, and was also examined using morning salivary testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone, and estradiol. Contrary to preregistered hypotheses, neither age nor pubertal development were related to neural activation during self-evaluation. We further examined whether activation in two regions-of-interest, the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (vmPFC) and perigenual anterior cingulate (pgACC), was associated with trial-level self-evaluative behavior. In line with preregistered hypotheses, higher vmPFC and pgACC activation during self-evaluation were both associated with a higher probability of endorsing negative adjectives, and a lower probability of endorsing positive adjectives. Future studies should examine neural trajectories of self-evaluation longitudinally, and investigate the predictive value of the neural correlates of self-evaluation for adolescent mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danielle Cosme
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - John C Flournoy
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA; Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Nandita Vijayakumar
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA; School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
| | - Theresa W Cheng
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Nicholas B Allen
- Department of Psychology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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9
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Neurofeedback and neuroplasticity of visual self-processing in depressed and healthy adolescents: A preliminary study. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2019; 40:100707. [PMID: 31733523 PMCID: PMC6974905 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2019.100707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Adolescence is a neuroplastic period for self-processing and emotion regulation transformations, that if derailed, are linked to persistent depression. Neural mechanisms of adolescent self-processing and emotion regulation ought to be targeted via new treatments, given moderate effectiveness of current interventions. Thus, we implemented a novel neurofeedback protocol in adolescents to test the engagement of circuits sub-serving self-processing and emotion regulation. Methods Depressed (n = 34) and healthy (n = 19) adolescents underwent neurofeedback training using a novel task. They saw their happy face as a cue to recall positive memories and increased displayed amygdala and hippocampus activity. The control condition was counting-backwards while viewing another happy face. A self vs. other face recognition task was administered before and after neurofeedback training. Results Adolescents showed higher frontotemporal activity during neurofeedback and higher amygdala and hippocampus and hippocampi activity in time series and region of interest analyses respectively. Before neurofeedback there was higher saliency network engagement for self-face recognition, but that network engagement was lower after neurofeedback. Depressed youth exhibited higher fusiform, inferior parietal lobule and cuneus activity during neurofeedback, but controls appeared to increase amygdala and hippocampus activity faster compared to depressed adolescents. Conclusions Neurofeedback recruited frontotemporal cortices that support social cognition and emotion regulation. Amygdala and hippocampus engagement via neurofeedback appears to change limbic-frontotemporal networks during self-face recognition. A placebo group or condition and contrasting amygdala and hippocampus, hippocampi or right amygdala versus frontal loci of neurofeedback, e.g. dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, with longer duration of neurofeedback training will elucidate dosage and loci of neurofeedback in adolescents.
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10
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Silvers JA, Squeglia LM, Rømer Thomsen K, Hudson KA, Feldstein Ewing SW. Hunting for What Works: Adolescents in Addiction Treatment. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2019; 43:578-592. [PMID: 30779445 PMCID: PMC6443447 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Although adolescents are developmentally distinct from adults, they often receive addiction treatment based on adult models. This is problematic because adolescents face significantly different conditions in addiction treatment, including distinct basic biological and neurodevelopmental stages, unique sociodevelopmental concerns, distinctive addiction trajectories, and, in turn, disparate treatment goals and outcomes. In sum, it can be difficult for even savvy clinicians to know how to approach addiction treatment with this important age group. In an effort to help clinicians and researchers consider substance use via a neurodevelopmental lens, we approached this review with 4 goals: (i) characterize the prevalence, and related health and safety implications of substance use within this age group; (ii) identify the nature of the adolescent brain, including characteristic features of this phase of neurodevelopment relevant to adolescent substance use treatment; (iii) provide an overview of current adolescent addiction interventions and avenues to improve clinical treatment and clinical research efforts for adolescents; and (iv) examine the intersection between the nature of the developing brain and adolescent substance use, and utilize that information to inform alternative routes and directions for substance use treatment in this critical age group. This review concludes by offering a novel neurodevelopmental model and framework to examine substance use interventions, along with a series of recommendations to optimize adolescent substance use treatment and clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer A. Silvers
- University of California, Los Angeles, Department of Psychology, 1285 Franz Hall, Box 951563, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1563, USA;
| | - Lindsay M. Squeglia
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 67 President St., MSC 861, Charleston, SC 29425, USA;
| | - Kristine Rømer Thomsen
- Aarhus University, Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Alcohol and Drug Research, Bartholins Allé 10, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark;
| | - Karen A. Hudson
- Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, M/C UHN80R1, Portland, OR 97239, USA,
| | - Sarah W. Feldstein Ewing
- Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, M/C UHN80R1, Portland, OR 97239, USA,
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11
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Okada N, Yahata N, Koshiyama D, Morita K, Sawada K, Kanata S, Fujikawa S, Sugimoto N, Toriyama R, Masaoka M, Koike S, Araki T, Kano Y, Endo K, Yamasaki S, Ando S, Nishida A, Hiraiwa-Hasegawa M, Edden RAE, Barker PB, Sawa A, Kasai K. Neurometabolic and functional connectivity basis of prosocial behavior in early adolescence. Sci Rep 2019; 9:732. [PMID: 30679738 PMCID: PMC6345858 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-38355-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Human prosocial behavior (PB) emerges in childhood and matures during adolescence. Previous task-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have reported involvement of the medial prefrontal cortex including the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in social cognition in adolescence. However, neurometabolic and functional connectivity (FC) basis of PB in early adolescence remains unclear. Here, we measured GABA levels in the ACC and FC in a subsample (aged 10.5–13.4 years) of a large-scale population-based cohort with MR spectroscopy (MEGA-PRESS) and resting-state fMRI. PB was negatively correlated with GABA levels in the ACC (N = 221), and positively correlated with right ACC-seeded FC with the right precentral gyrus and the bilateral middle and posterior cingulate gyrus (N = 187). Furthermore, GABA concentrations and this FC were negatively correlated, and the FC mediated the association between GABA levels and PB (N = 171). Our results from a minimally biased, large-scale sample provide new insights into the neurometabolic and neurofunctional correlates of prosocial development during early adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohiro Okada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriaki Yahata
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
| | - Daisuke Koshiyama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentaro Morita
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kingo Sawada
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sho Kanata
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Fujikawa
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Sugimoto
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Rie Toriyama
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mio Masaoka
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Koike
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,The University of Tokyo Institute for Diversity and Adaptation of Human Mind (UTIDAHM), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Araki
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yukiko Kano
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kaori Endo
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Syudo Yamasaki
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Ando
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nishida
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mariko Hiraiwa-Hasegawa
- Department of Evolutionary Studies of Biosystems, School of Advanced Sciences, The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (SOKENDAI), Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Richard A E Edden
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,F. M. Kirby Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Peter B Barker
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,F. M. Kirby Center for Functional Brain Imaging, Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Akira Sawa
- Department of Psychiatry, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kiyoto Kasai
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. .,International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), The University of Tokyo Institutes for Advanced Study (UTIAS), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
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12
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Pfeifer JH, Berkman ET. The Development of Self and Identity in Adolescence: Neural Evidence and Implications for a Value-Based Choice Perspective on Motivated Behavior. CHILD DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES 2018; 12:158-164. [PMID: 31363361 PMCID: PMC6667174 DOI: 10.1111/cdep.12279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Following a key developmental task of childhood-building a foundation of self-knowledge in the form of domain-specific self-concepts-adolescents begin to explore their emerging identities in ways that foster autonomy and connectedness. Neuroimaging studies of self-related processes demonstrate enhanced engagement of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex in adolescence, which may facilitate and reflect the development of identity by integrating the value of potential actions and choices. Drawing from neuroeconomic and social cognitive accounts, we propose that motivated behavior during adolescence can be modeled by a general value-based decision-making process centered around value accumulation in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. This approach advances models of adolescent neurodevelopment that focus on reward sensitivity and cognitive control by considering more diverse value inputs, including contributions of developing self- and identity-related processes. It also considers adolescent decision making and behavior from adolescents' point of view rather than adults' perspectives on what adolescents should value or how they should behave.
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13
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van der Cruijsen R, Peters S, van der Aar LPE, Crone EA. The neural signature of self-concept development in adolescence: The role of domain and valence distinctions. Dev Cogn Neurosci 2017; 30:1-12. [PMID: 29197726 PMCID: PMC6969085 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroimaging studies in adults showed that cortical midline regions including medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and posterior parietal cortex (PPC) are important in self-evaluations. The goals of this study were to investigate the contribution of these regions to self-evaluations in late childhood, adolescence, and early adulthood, and to examine whether these differed per domain (academic, physical and prosocial) and valence (positive versus negative). Also, we tested whether this activation changes across adolescence. For this purpose, participants between ages 11–21-years (N = 150) evaluated themselves on trait sentences in an fMRI session. Behaviorally, adolescents rated their academic traits less positively than children and young adults. The neural analyses showed that evaluating self-traits versus a control condition was associated with increased activity in mPFC (domain-general effect), and positive traits were associated with increased activity in ventral mPFC (valence effect). Self-related mPFC activation increased linearly with age, but only for evaluating physical traits. Furthermore, an adolescent-specific decrease in striatum activation for positive self traits was found. Finally, we found domain-specific neural activity for evaluating traits in physical (dorsolateral PFC, dorsal mPFC) and academic (PPC) domains. Together, these results highlight the importance of domain distinctions when studying self-concept development in late childhood, adolescence, and early adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- R van der Cruijsen
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Leiden University, The Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, The Netherlands.
| | - S Peters
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Leiden University, The Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, The Netherlands.
| | - L P E van der Aar
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Leiden University, The Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, The Netherlands.
| | - E A Crone
- Department of Developmental Psychology, Leiden University, The Netherlands; Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, The Netherlands.
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14
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Dégeilh F, Viard A, Guénolé F, Gaubert M, Egler PJ, Egret S, Gerardin P, Baleyte JM, Eustache F, Dayana J, Guillery-Girard B. Functional brain alterations during self-reference processing in adolescents with sexual abuse-related post-traumatic stress disorder: A preliminary report. Neurocase 2017; 23:52-59. [PMID: 28376696 DOI: 10.1080/13554794.2017.1290807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
We proposed to explore the functional brain changes during a self-reference processing (SRP) task in adolescents with sexual abuse-related post-traumatic stress disorder (N = 10), compared with healthy adolescents (N = 10). While patients showed no behavioral disturbances in (SRP), they exhibited changes in activity and connectivity in regions involved in emotional regulation (amygdala and dorsal prefrontal cortex) and semantic memory (temporal and ventrolateral prefrontal regions). These preliminary results suggest that these alterations may have an effect on self-esteem which may contribute to a possible retention and impairment of symptoms in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Dégeilh
- a Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine , Caen , France
| | - Armelle Viard
- a Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine , Caen , France
| | - Fabian Guénolé
- a Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine , Caen , France.,b CHU de Caen , Service de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent , Caen , France
| | - Malo Gaubert
- a Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine , Caen , France
| | - Pierre-Jean Egler
- b CHU de Caen , Service de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent , Caen , France
| | - Stéphanie Egret
- a Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine , Caen , France
| | - Priscille Gerardin
- c CHU de Rouen , Fédération hospitalo-universitaire de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent , Rouen , France
| | - Jean-Marc Baleyte
- a Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine , Caen , France.,b CHU de Caen , Service de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent , Caen , France
| | - Francis Eustache
- a Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine , Caen , France
| | - Jacques Dayana
- d CHGR Rennes-I , Service de Psychiatrie de l'Enfant et de l'Adolescent , Rennes , France
| | - Bérengère Guillery-Girard
- a Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Research University, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine , Caen , France
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15
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Juskenaite A, Quinette P, Laisney M, Eustache ML, Desgranges B, Viader F, Eustache F. Preserved Self-Evaluation in Amnesia Supports Access to the Self through Introspective Computation. Front Hum Neurosci 2016; 10:462. [PMID: 27695407 PMCID: PMC5025446 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Encounters with new people result in the extraction and storage in memory of both their external features, allowing us to recognize them later, and their internal traits, allowing us to better control our current interactions with them and anticipate our future ones. Just as we extract, encode, store, retrieve and update the representations of others so, too, do we process representations of ourselves. These representations, which rely on declarative memory, may be altered or cease to be accessible in amnesia. Nonetheless, studies of amnesic patients have yielded the surprising observation that memory impairments alone do not prevent patients from making accurate trait self-judgments. In this review article, we discuss prevailing explanations for preserved self-evaluation in amnesia and propose an alternative one, based on the concept of introspective computation. We also consider molecular and anatomical aspects of brain functioning that potentially support introspective computation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelija Juskenaite
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1077Caen, France
- UMR-S1077, Université de Caen-NormandieCaen, France
- UMR-S1077, École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)Caen, France
- U1077, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de CaenCaen, France
| | - Peggy Quinette
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1077Caen, France
- UMR-S1077, Université de Caen-NormandieCaen, France
- UMR-S1077, École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)Caen, France
- U1077, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de CaenCaen, France
| | - Mickaël Laisney
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1077Caen, France
- UMR-S1077, Université de Caen-NormandieCaen, France
- UMR-S1077, École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)Caen, France
- U1077, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de CaenCaen, France
| | - Marie-Loup Eustache
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1077Caen, France
- UMR-S1077, Université de Caen-NormandieCaen, France
- UMR-S1077, École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)Caen, France
- U1077, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de CaenCaen, France
| | - Béatrice Desgranges
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1077Caen, France
- UMR-S1077, Université de Caen-NormandieCaen, France
- UMR-S1077, École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)Caen, France
- U1077, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de CaenCaen, France
| | - Fausto Viader
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1077Caen, France
- UMR-S1077, Université de Caen-NormandieCaen, France
- UMR-S1077, École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)Caen, France
- Service de Neurologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de CaenCaen, France
| | - Francis Eustache
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), U1077Caen, France
- UMR-S1077, Université de Caen-NormandieCaen, France
- UMR-S1077, École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE)Caen, France
- U1077, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de CaenCaen, France
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16
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Quevedo K, Martin J, Scott H, Smyda G, Pfeifer JH. The neurobiology of self-knowledge in depressed and self-injurious youth. Psychiatry Res 2016; 254:145-55. [PMID: 27442923 PMCID: PMC5737906 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2016.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
There is limited information regarding the neurobiology underlying non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) in clinically-referred youth. However, the salience of disturbed interpersonal relationships and disrupted self-processing associated with NSSI suggests the neural basis of social processes as a key area for additional study. Adolescent participants (N=123; M=14.75 years, SD=1.64) were divided into three groups: NSSI plus depression diagnosis (NSSI), depression only (DEP), healthy controls (HC). In the scanner, participants completed an Interpersonal Self-Processing task by taking direct (own) and indirect (mothers', best friends', or classmates') perspectives regarding self-characteristics. Across all perspectives, NSSI showed higher BOLD activation in limbic areas, and anterior and posterior cortical midline structures versus DEP and HC, while HC showed greater activity in rostrolateral, frontal pole and occipital cortex than NSSI and DEP youth. Moreover, NSSI youth showed heightened responses in amygdala, hippocampus, parahippocampus, and fusiform when taking their mothers' perspective, which were negatively correlated with self-reports of the mother's support of adolescents' emotional distress in the NSSI group. NSSI youth also yielded greater precuneus and posterior cingulate cortex activity during indirect self-processing from their classmates' perspective. Findings suggest a role for disruptions in self- and emotion-processing, and conflicted social relationships in the neurobiology of NSSI among depressed adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Quevedo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
| | - Jodi Martin
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Hannah Scott
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Garry Smyda
- School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
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17
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Eustache F, Viard A, Desgranges B. The MNESIS model: Memory systems and processes, identity and future thinking. Neuropsychologia 2016; 87:96-109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Revised: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 05/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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18
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Dégeilh F, Eustache F, Guillery-Girard B. [Cognitive and brain development of memory from infancy to early adulthood]. Biol Aujourdhui 2016; 209:249-260. [PMID: 26820831 DOI: 10.1051/jbio/2015026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive and brain development are closely linked from infancy to adulthood. The purpose of this article is to review the current state of knowledge on behavioral and brain substrates of memory development. First, we will review cognitive development of different memory systems, from procedural to autobiographical memory. We will discuss how the development of other cognitive functions (language, attention, executive functions and metamemory) participates in memory development. Second, we will describe how structural and functional changes in two core brain regions of memory, i.e. the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex, impact the protracted development of memory throughout childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanny Dégeilh
- Inserm, U1077, Caen, France - Université de Caen Normandie, UMR-S1077, Caen, France - École Pratique des Hautes Etudes, UMR-S1077, Caen, France - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, U1077, Caen, France
| | - Francis Eustache
- Inserm, U1077, Caen, France - Université de Caen Normandie, UMR-S1077, Caen, France - École Pratique des Hautes Etudes, UMR-S1077, Caen, France - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, U1077, Caen, France
| | - Bérengère Guillery-Girard
- Inserm, U1077, Caen, France - Université de Caen Normandie, UMR-S1077, Caen, France - École Pratique des Hautes Etudes, UMR-S1077, Caen, France - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, U1077, Caen, France
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