1
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Robakis TK, Roth MC, King LS, Humphreys KL, Ho M, Zhang X, Chen Y, Li T, Rasgon NL, Watson KT, Urban AE, Gotlib IH. Maternal attachment insecurity, maltreatment history, and depressive symptoms are associated with broad DNA methylation signatures in infants. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:3306-3315. [PMID: 35577912 PMCID: PMC9666564 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01592-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The early environment, including maternal characteristics, provides many cues to young organisms that shape their long-term physical and mental health. Identifying the earliest molecular events that precede observable developmental outcomes could help identify children in need of support prior to the onset of physical and mental health difficulties. In this study, we examined whether mothers' attachment insecurity, maltreatment history, and depressive symptoms were associated with alterations in DNA methylation patterns in their infants, and whether these correlates in the infant epigenome were associated with socioemotional and behavioral functioning in toddlerhood. We recruited 156 women oversampled for histories of depression, who completed psychiatric interviews and depression screening during pregnancy, then provided follow-up behavioral data on their children at 18 months. Buccal cell DNA was obtained from 32 of their infants for a large-scale analysis of methylation patterns across 5 × 106 individual CpG dinucleotides, using clustering-based significance criteria to control for multiple comparisons. We found that tens of thousands of individual infant CpGs were alternatively methylated in association with maternal attachment insecurity, maltreatment in childhood, and antenatal and postpartum depressive symptoms, including genes implicated in developmental patterning, cell-cell communication, hormonal regulation, immune function/inflammatory response, and neurotransmission. Density of DNA methylation at selected genes from the result set was also significantly associated with toddler socioemotional and behavioral problems. This is the first report to identify novel regions of the human infant genome at which DNA methylation patterns are associated longitudinally both with maternal characteristics and with offspring socioemotional and behavioral problems in toddlerhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thalia K Robakis
- Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Marissa C Roth
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Peabody College of Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Lucy S King
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kathryn L Humphreys
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Peabody College of Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Marcus Ho
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Xianglong Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Natalie L Rasgon
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kathleen T Watson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Alexander E Urban
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Ian H Gotlib
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
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2
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Marzilli E, Cerniglia L, Tambelli R, Cimino S. Children’s ADHD and Dysregulation Problems, DAT1 Genotype and Methylation, and their Interplay with Family Environment. CHILD & YOUTH CARE FORUM 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10566-022-09687-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
International literature has underlined the complex interplay between genetic and environmental variables in shaping children’s emotional-behavioral functioning.
Objective
This study aimed to explore the dynamic relationship between children’s Dopamine Transporter (DAT1) genotype and methylation, and maternal and paternal affective environment, on children’s Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) problems and dysregulation problems.
Method
In a community sample of 76 families with school-aged children, we assessed children’s DAT1 genotype and methylation, their own ADHD problems and dysregulation profile (CBCL 6–18 DP), and maternal and paternal psychopathological risk, parenting stress, and marital adjustment. Hierarchical regressions were carried out to verify the possible moderation of children’s genotype on the relationship between children’s methylation and psychopathological risk, parental environment and children’s methylation, and parental environment and children’s psychopathological risk.
Results
The levels of methylation at M1 CpG significantly predicted ADHD problems among children with 10/10 genotype, whereas high levels of methylation at M6 CpG predicted low ADHD problems for children with 9/x genotype. High levels of methylation at M3 CpG were associated with high scores of CBCL DP. DAT1 genotype moderated the relationship between maternal and paternal variables with children’s methylation and psychopathological risk. The scores of maternal and paternal Dyadic Adjustment Scale showed indirect effects on children’s methylation and psychopathological risk in relation to those exerted by risk factors.
Conclusion
Our study has supported the emerging evidence on the complex nature of children’s emotional-behavioral functioning and the associated risk and protective factors, with important implications for the planning of preventive programs.
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3
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Family Context, Parenting and Child Development: An Epigenetic Approach. SOCIAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/socsci11030113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents an essay that uses an epigenetic approach to attain an inclusive and in-depth understanding of the influence of family context and quality of parenting on children’s psychological development. Based on the identification of a key developmental process in which interactions are continuously internalised, the approach draws attention to the bidirectional and systemic nature of intrafamily and parenting interactions and highlights the multiple factors that influence them, which are linked to the developmental history of the species, the individual characteristics of both the child and their parents, and contextual variables. In response to these internalised interactions, the body activates epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, which may affect the phenotypic expression of the genome. Theoretical and methodological implications are discussed in light of the current process of identifying the biological profiles underlying negative and positive parenting practices. Some insights are offered regarding the challenges and opportunities that parents and policymakers should address in the 21st century in connection with the promotion of positive parenting, taking into account the epigenetic processes triggered by adverse environments for children and their families.
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Morris AS, Ratliff EL, Cosgrove KT, Steinberg L. We Know Even More Things: A Decade Review of Parenting Research. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENCE 2021; 31:870-888. [PMID: 34820951 PMCID: PMC8630733 DOI: 10.1111/jora.12641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we highlight the important ideas that have emerged from research on parenting and adolescent development over the past decade. Beginning with research on authoritative parenting, we examine key elements of this parenting style and its influence across diverse contexts and populations. We turn our attention to four topics that have generated much research in the past decade: (1) how parenting contributes to adolescent peer and romantic relationships; (2) the impact of parenting on adolescent brain development; (3) gene-environment interactions in parenting research; and (4) parents' involvement in adolescents' social media use. We discuss contemporary challenges and ways parents can promote healthy development. We consider the integration of research, practice, and policy that best supports parents and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Sheffield Morris
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, Oklahoma State University - Tulsa, 700 N. Greenwood Ave., Tulsa, OK 74106, USA
| | - Erin L. Ratliff
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, Oklahoma State University - Tulsa, 700 N. Greenwood Ave., Tulsa, OK 74106, USA
| | - Kelly T. Cosgrove
- Department of Psychology, University of Tulsa, 800 S. Tucker Dr. Tulsa, OK 74104, USA
| | - Laurence Steinberg
- Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 N 13th St, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA
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5
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Burenkova OV, Podturkin AA, Naumova OY, Hein S, Li N, Cicchetti D, Luthar SS, Grigorenko EL. Neuroendocrine and autonomic stress systems activity in young adults raised by mothers with mental health and substance abuse problems: A prospective cohort study. Dev Psychobiol 2021; 63:e22213. [PMID: 34813100 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Among the well-known physiological consequences of early adverse environments is dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. A number of studies demonstrate that negative parenting and living with parents with a history of substance abuse and mental health problems may be associated with HPA axis dysregulation in children. In contrast, studies of more delayed effects in adult offspring, especially prospective, are still scarce. This study was a prospective longitudinal investigation of the association between maternal mental illnesses/substance abuse and maternal negative parenting/parental stress on one side and, on the other side, adult offspring outcomes 10 years later-specifically, we studied the activity of offspring's neuroendocrine (cortisol) and autonomic (heart rate) systems when exposed to a mild psychological stressor. Children of mothers with mental illnesses and/or substance abuse were exposed to more disadvantaged conditions (higher negative parenting and community violence). Despite this, maternal risk groups (having a mother with mental illnesses and/or substance abuse) were not associated with any of the indicators of stress systems activity. Regardless of the risk group, participants with dysregulated HPA axis activity experienced a higher level of negative parenting. Altogether, our study provides evidence that negative parenting may have long-lasting effects on stress-sensitive physiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V Burenkova
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Psychology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | | | - Oksana Yu Naumova
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Psychology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation.,Human Genetics Laboratory, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Sascha Hein
- Department of Education and Psychology, Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Nan Li
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Dante Cicchetti
- Institute of Child Development, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Suniya S Luthar
- Authentic Connections, Tempe, Arizona, USA.,Teachers College, Columbia University, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Elena L Grigorenko
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Psychology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation.,Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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6
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Merrill SM, Moore SR, Gladish N, Giesbrecht GF, Dewey D, Konwar C, MacIssac JL, Kobor MS, Letourneau NL. Paternal adverse childhood experiences: Associations with infant DNA methylation. Dev Psychobiol 2021; 63:e22174. [PMID: 34333774 DOI: 10.1002/dev.22174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs), or cumulative childhood stress exposures, such as abuse, neglect, and household dysfunction, predict later health problems in both the exposed individuals and their offspring. One potential explanation suggests exposure to early adversity predicts epigenetic modification, especially DNA methylation (DNAm), linked to later health. Stress experienced preconception by mothers may associate with DNAm in the next generation. We hypothesized that fathers' exposure to ACEs also associates with their offspring DNAm, which, to our knowledge, has not been previously explored. An epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) of blood DNAm (n = 45) from 3-month-old infants was regressed onto fathers' retrospective ACEs at multiple Cytosine-phosphate-Guanosine (CpG) sites to discover associations. This accounted for infants' sex, age, ethnicity, cell type proportion, and genetic variability. Higher ACE scores associated with methylation values at eight CpGs. Post-hoc analysis found no contribution of paternal education, income, marital status, and parental postpartum depression, but did with paternal smoking and BMI along with infant sleep latency. These same CpGs also contributed to the association between paternal ACEs and offspring attention problems at 3 years. Collectively, these findings suggested there were biological associations with paternal early life adversity and offspring DNAm in infancy, potentially affecting offspring later childhood outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Merrill
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute Vancouver, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sarah R Moore
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute Vancouver, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nicole Gladish
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute Vancouver, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Gerald F Giesbrecht
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Owerko Centre at the Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Deborah Dewey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Owerko Centre at the Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Chaini Konwar
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute Vancouver, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Julia L MacIssac
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute Vancouver, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Michael S Kobor
- BC Children's Hospital Research Institute Vancouver, Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Program in Child and Brain Development, CIFAR, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicole L Letourneau
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Owerko Centre at the Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Faculty of Nursing, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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7
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Dynamic DNA methylation changes in early versus late adulthood suggest nondeterministic effects of childhood adversity: a meta-analysis. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2020; 12:768-779. [PMID: 33308369 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174420001075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are associated with a high risk of developing chronic diseases and decreased life expectancy, but no ACE epigenetic biomarkers have been identified until now. The latter may result from the interaction of multiple factors such as age, sex, degree of adversity, and lack of transcriptional effects of DNA methylation changes. We hypothesize that DNA methylation changes are related to childhood adversity levels and current age, and these markers evolve as aging proceeds. Two Gene Expression Omnibus datasets, regarding ACE, were selected (GSE72680 and GSE70603), considering raw- and meta-data availability, including validated ACE index (Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) score). For DNA methylation, analyzed probes were restricted to those laying within promoters and first exons, and samples were grouped by CTQ scores terciles, to compare highly (ACE) with non-abused (control) cases. Comparison of control and ACE methylome profile did not retrieve differentially methylated CpG sites (DMCs) after correcting by false discovery rate < 0.05, and this was also observed when samples were separated by sex. In contrast, grouping by decade age ranges (i.e., the 20s, 30s, 40s, and 50s) showed a progressive increase in the number of DMCs and the intensity of changes, mainly related with hypomethylation. Comparison with transcriptome data for ACE subjects in the 40s, and 50s showed a similar age-dependent effect. This study provides evidence that epigenetic markers of ACE are age-dependent, but not defined in the long term. These differences among early, middle, and late adulthood epigenomic profiles suggest a window for interventions aimed to prevent the detrimental effects of ACE.
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8
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Krause BJ, Artigas R, Sciolla AF, Hamilton J. Epigenetic mechanisms activated by childhood adversity. Epigenomics 2020; 12:1239-1255. [PMID: 32706263 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2020-0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) impair health and life expectancy and may result in an epigenetic signature that drives increased morbidity primed during early stages of life. This literature review focuses on the current evidence for epigenetic-mediated programming of brain and immune function resulting from ACE. To address this aim, a total of 88 articles indexed in PubMed before August 2019 concerning ACE and epigenetics were surveyed. Current evidence partially supports epigenetic programming of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, but convincingly shows that ACE impairs immune function. Additionally, the needs and challenges that face this area are discussed in order to provide a framework that may help to clarify the role of epigenetics in the long-lasting effects of ACE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernardo J Krause
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de O''Higgins, Rancagua, Chile.,CUIDA - Centro de Investigación del Abuso y la Adversidad Temprana, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rocio Artigas
- CUIDA - Centro de Investigación del Abuso y la Adversidad Temprana, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andres F Sciolla
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95834, USA
| | - James Hamilton
- CUIDA - Centro de Investigación del Abuso y la Adversidad Temprana, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Avenida Libertador Bernardo O'Higgins 340, Santiago, Chile.,Fundación Para la Confianza, Pérez Valenzuela 1264, Providencia, Santiago, Chile
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9
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Wang M, Tian X, Zhang W. Interactions between the combined genotypes of 5-HTTLPR and BDNF Val66Met polymorphisms and parenting on adolescent depressive symptoms: A three-year longitudinal study. J Affect Disord 2020; 265:104-111. [PMID: 32090731 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The importance of multiple genes-environment interaction (G × E) has been highlighted in studies on depressive symptoms. 5-HTTLPR and BDNF Val66Met polymorphisms, with functional interconnection, have been implicated in the pathophysiology of depressive symptoms. However, little is understood about whether the interaction of 5-HTTLPR, BDNF Val66Met and parenting fits better with the epistatic or cumulative manner. METHODS 865 adolescents (T1: Mage = 12.32, 50.2% girls) were included in a three-year interval longitudinal design. Standardized questionares about parenting and depressive symptoms were collected. Saliva samples were collected for genotyping. RESULTS Neither the concurrent nor longitudinal interaction of 5-HTTLPR, BDNF Val66Met and parenting (G × G × E) showed significant effects on depressive symptoms. The interaction between cumulative genotypes and positive parenting (CG × E) was significant, with the strong differential susceptibility model, for depressive symptoms concurrently but not longitudinally after statistical correction. Adolescents who carried 3 (i.e. SS and Val/Met, L allele and Val/Val) and 4 (i.e. SS and Val/Val), not 1 (i.e. L allele and Met/Met) or 2 cumulative susceptibility alleles (i.e. SS and Met/Met, L allele and Val/Met), reported fewer depressive symptoms if they had experienced higher levels of positive parenting, and more symptoms under lower levels of positive parenting. LIMITATIONS This study did not examine the 5-HTTLPR triallelic (rs25531) marker and did not include an external sample. CONCLUSIONS The combined effects of 5-HTTLPR and BDNF Val66Met polymorphisms functioned in a manner of cumulative rather than epistatic in response to positive parenting on early adolescent depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiping Wang
- Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiangjuan Tian
- Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China
| | - Wenxin Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, Shandong Province, China.
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10
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Adams RCM, Smith C. Chronic Gestational Inflammation: Transfer of Maternal Adaptation over Two Generations of Progeny. Mediators Inflamm 2019; 2019:9160941. [PMID: 31582905 PMCID: PMC6754931 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9160941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in the in utero environment result in generational transfer of maladapted physiology in the context of conditions such as stress, obesity, and anxiety. Given the significant contribution of noncommunicable diseases-which are characterised by chronic inflammation-to population mortality, the potential for chronic maternal inflammation mediating foetal programming is a growing concern. The extent of generational transfer in terms of immune functionality and leukocyte glucocorticoid sensitivity was investigated over two generations of offspring (F1 and F2) in a model of chronic LPS-induced maternal inflammation in C57/BL/6 mice. Maternal inflammation resulted in glucocorticoid hypersensitivity (increased glucocorticoid receptor expression levels) in the majority of leukocyte subpopulations in both F1 and F2 offspring. Furthermore, splenocytes stimulated with LPS in vitro exhibited exacerbated inflammatory cytokine responses, which were even more prominent in F2 than F1; this effect could be ascribed to NLRP3 inflammasome hyperactivity in F1 but not F2. Current data illustrates that parental chronic inflammation may mediate the inflammatory profile in offspring, potentially propagating a maladapted proinflammatory phenotype in subsequent generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. C. M. Adams
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Science Faculty, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
- Fluorescence Microscopy Unit, Central Analytical Facilities, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
| | - C. Smith
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Science Faculty, Stellenbosch University, South Africa
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11
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Naumova OY, Rychkov SY, Kornilov SA, Odintsova VV, Anikina VО, Solodunova MY, Arintcina IA, Zhukova MA, Ovchinnikova IV, Burenkova OV, Zhukova OV, Muhamedrahimov RJ, Grigorenko EL. Effects of early social deprivation on epigenetic statuses and adaptive behavior of young children: A study based on a cohort of institutionalized infants and toddlers. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0214285. [PMID: 30913238 PMCID: PMC6435191 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0214285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Early social deprivation (i.e., an insufficiency or lack of parental care) has been identified as a significant adverse early experience that may affect multiple facets of child development and cause long-term outcomes in physical and mental health, cognition and behavior. Current research provides growing evidence that epigenetic reprogramming may be a mechanism modulating these effects of early adversities. This work aimed to investigate the impact of early institutionalization—the immersion in an extreme socially depriving environment in humans—on the epigenome and adaptive behavior of young children up to 4 years of age. We conducted a cross-sectional study involving two comparison groups: 29 children raised in orphanages and 29 children raised in biological families. Genome-wide DNA methylation profiles of blood cells were obtained using the Illumina MethylationEPIC array; the level of child adaptive functioning was assessed using the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales-II. In comparison to children raised in families, children residing in orphanages had both statistically significant deficits in multiple adaptive behavior domains and statistically significant differences in DNA methylation states. Moreover, some of these methylation states may directly modulate the behavioral deficits; according to preliminary estimates, about 7–14% of the deviation of adaptive behavior between groups of children may be determined by their difference in DNA methylation profiles. The duration of institutionalization had a significant impact on both the adaptive level and DNA methylation status of institutionalized children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana Yu. Naumova
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Department of Psychology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (EG); (OYN)
| | - Sergey Yu. Rychkov
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey A. Kornilov
- Department of Psychology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Veronika V. Odintsova
- Department of Biological Psychology, VU University, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Federal Research Institute for Health Organization and Informatics, Moscow, Russia
| | - Varvara О. Anikina
- Department of Psychology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Maria Yu. Solodunova
- Department of Psychology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Irina A. Arintcina
- Department of Psychology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Marina A. Zhukova
- Department of Psychology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Irina V. Ovchinnikova
- Department of Psychology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Olga V. Burenkova
- Department of Psychology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Olga V. Zhukova
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Rifkat J. Muhamedrahimov
- Department of Psychology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Elena L. Grigorenko
- Department of Psychology, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail: (EG); (OYN)
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12
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Dashorst P, Mooren TM, Kleber RJ, de Jong PJ, Huntjens RJC. Intergenerational consequences of the Holocaust on offspring mental health: a systematic review of associated factors and mechanisms. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2019; 10:1654065. [PMID: 31497262 PMCID: PMC6720013 DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2019.1654065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to war and violence has major consequences for society at large, detrimental impact on people's individual lives, and may also have intergenerational consequences. To gain more insight into these intergenerational consequences, research addressing the impact of the Holocaust on offspring is an important source of information. The aim of the current study was to systematically review the mechanisms of intergenerational consequences by summarizing characteristics in Holocaust survivors and their offspring suggested to impact the offspring's mental health. We focused on: 1) parental mental health problems, 2) (perceived) parenting and attachment quality, 3) family structure, especially parental Holocaust history, 4) additional stress and life events, and 5) psychophysiological processes of transmission. We identified 23 eligible studies published between 2000 and 2018. Only Holocaust survivor studies met the inclusion criteria. Various parent and child characteristics and their interaction were found to contribute to the development of psychological symptoms and biological and epigenetic variations. Parental mental health problems, perceived parenting, attachment quality, and parental gender appeared to be influential for the mental well-being of their offspring. In addition, having two survivor parents resulted in higher mental health problems compared to having one survivor parent. Also, there was evidence suggesting that Holocaust survivor offspring show a heightened vulnerability for stress, although this was only evident in the face of actual danger. Finally, the results also indicate intergenerational effects on offspring cortisol levels. Clinical and treatment implications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Trudy M Mooren
- Stichting Centrum'45/partner in Arq, Diemen, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical & Health Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rolf J Kleber
- Stichting Centrum'45/partner in Arq, Diemen, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical & Health Psychology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J de Jong
- Department of Clinical Psychology & Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rafaele J C Huntjens
- Department of Clinical Psychology & Experimental Psychopathology, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Hein S, Thomas T, Yu. Naumova O, Luthar SS, Grigorenko EL. Negative parenting modulates the association between mother’s DNA methylation profiles and adult offspring depression. Dev Psychobiol 2018; 61:304-310. [DOI: 10.1002/dev.21789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Oxana Yu. Naumova
- University of Houston; Houston Texas
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS; St. Petersburg State University; Saint Petersburg Russia
| | | | - Elena L. Grigorenko
- University of Houston; Houston Texas
- St. Petersburg State University; Saint Petersburg Russia
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Watamura SE, Roth TL. Looking back and moving forward: Evaluating and advancing translation from animal models to human studies of early life stress and DNA methylation. Dev Psychobiol 2018; 61:323-340. [PMID: 30426484 DOI: 10.1002/dev.21796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Advances in epigenetic methodologies have deepened theoretical explanations of mechanisms linking early life stress (ELS) and disease outcomes and suggest promising targets for intervention. To date, however, human studies have not capitalized on the richness of diverse animal models to derive and systematically evaluate specific and testable hypotheses. To promote cross-species dialog and scientific advance, here we provide a classification scheme to systematically evaluate the match between characteristics of human and animal studies of ELS and DNA methylation. Three preclinical models were selected that are highly cited, and that differ in the nature and severity of the ELS manipulation as well as in the affected epigenetic loci (the licking and grooming, maternal separation, and caregiver maltreatment models). We evaluated the degree to which human studies matched these preclinical models with respect to the timing of ELS and of DNA methylation assessment, as well as the type of ELS, whether sex differences were explicitly examined, the tissue sampled, and the targeted loci. Results revealed <50% match (range of 8-83%) between preclinical models and human work on these variables. Immediate and longer-term suggestions to improve translational specificity are offered, with the goal of accelerating scientific advance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tania L Roth
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware
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15
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Bortoluzzi A, Salum GA, da Rosa ED, Chagas VDS, Castro MAA, Manfro GG. DNA methylation in adolescents with anxiety disorder: a longitudinal study. Sci Rep 2018; 8:13800. [PMID: 30218003 PMCID: PMC6138655 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-32090-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders (AD) typically manifest in children and adolescents and might persist into adulthood. However, there are still few data concerning epigenetic mechanisms associated with onset, persistence or remission of AD over time. We investigated a cohort of adolescents and young adults at baseline (age; 13.19 ± 2.38) and after 5 years and classified them according to the AD diagnosis and their longitudinal trajectories into 4 groups: (1) Typically Developing Comparisons (TDC; control group, n = 14); (2) Incident (AD in the second evaluation only, n = 11); (3) Persistent (AD in both evaluations, n = 14) and (4) Remittent (AD in the first evaluation only, n = 8). DNA methylation was evaluated with the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip from saliva samples collected at both evaluations. Gene set enrichment analysis was applied to consider biological pathways. We found decreased DNA methylation in TDC group while the chronic cases of AD presented hypermethylation in central nervous system development pathways. Moreover, we showed that this persistent group also presented hypermethylation while the other three groups were associated with hypomethylation in nervous system development pathway. Incidence and remission groups were associated with increased and decreased methylation in neuron development pathways, respectively. Larger studies are likely to detect specific genes relevant to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Bortoluzzi
- Anxiety Disorders Outpatient Program for Children and Adolescents, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS/Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, HCPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- Post Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Institute of Basic Sciences/Health, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
- Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurosciences, BRAIN Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, HCPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Giovanni Abrahão Salum
- Anxiety Disorders Outpatient Program for Children and Adolescents, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS/Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, HCPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Eduarda Dias da Rosa
- Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurosciences, BRAIN Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, HCPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gisele Gus Manfro
- Anxiety Disorders Outpatient Program for Children and Adolescents, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS/Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, HCPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Post Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Institute of Basic Sciences/Health, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Basic Research and Advanced Investigations in Neurosciences, BRAIN Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, HCPA, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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16
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Borelli JL, Ensink K, Hong K, Sereno AT, Drury R, Fonagy P. School-Aged Children With Higher Reflective Functioning Exhibit Lower Cardiovascular Reactivity. Front Med (Lausanne) 2018; 5:196. [PMID: 30035111 PMCID: PMC6043676 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2018.00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive theorizing regarding the regulatory role of reflective functioning (RF), few studies have explored the links between RF and physiological indices of emotion regulation, and none have examined these associations in children. Further, while scholars contend that RF promotes resilience via enhanced ability to process emotional experiences, including those occurring in attachment relationships, this argument has seldom been tested empirically in children. In the current study, we explore the association between RF and physiological measures of emotion reactivity and regulation, as well as the interaction of RF and attachment insecurity. We test these associations by examining children's (N = 76; 8–12 years old) cardiovascular responses [respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA)] to a standardized paradigm designed to evoke reactions regarding the experience and expression of attachment-related needs. Children also completed a semi-structured attachment interview, which was later coded for children's attachment insecurity (operationalized as attachment dismissal and preoccupation) and RF. Our findings were largely consistent with theory and our hypotheses, suggesting that higher RF is associated with lesser cardiovascular reactivity (higher levels of RSA) during the stressor task and better recovery following the task. These links were especially strong for children with greater attachment preoccupation but did not vary as a function of children's levels of attachment dismissal. These findings contribute to developmental theory in suggesting that RF is closely linked to physiological emotion regulation in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Borelli
- THRIVE Laboratory, Psychology and Social Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Karin Ensink
- Department of Psychology, University Laval, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Kajung Hong
- THRIVE Laboratory, Psychology and Social Behavior, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, United States
| | | | - Robert Drury
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, Bainbridge Island, WA, United States.,University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States.,ReThink Health, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Peter Fonagy
- Anna Freud National Centre for Children and Families & University College London, London, United Kingdom
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17
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Leviton A, Hooper SR, Hunter SJ, Scott MN, Allred EN, Joseph RM, O’Shea TM, Kuban K. Antecedents of Screening Positive for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Ten-Year-Old Children Born Extremely Preterm. Pediatr Neurol 2018; 81. [PMID: 29523493 PMCID: PMC5903941 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2017.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder is higher among children born very preterm than among children who are mature at birth. METHODS We studied 583 ten-year-old children who were born before 28 weeks of gestation whose IQ was above 84 and had a parent-completed Child Symptom Inventory-4, which allowed classification of the child as having or not having symptoms of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. For 422 children, we also had a teacher report, and for 583 children, we also had a parent report of whether or not a physician made an attention deficit hyperactivity disorder diagnosis. RESULTS The risk profile of screening positive for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder based on a parent's report differed from the risk profile based on the teacher's report, whereas the risk profile according to a physician and according to any two observers closely resembled the parent-reported profile. Among the statistically significant risk factors were young maternal age (parent, physician, and two observers), maternal obesity (parent, physician, and two observers), maternal smoking (parent, physician, and two observers), magnesium given at delivery for seizure prophylaxis (parent and two observers), recovery of Mycoplasma sp. from the placenta (teacher and two observers), low gestational age (parent and two observers), low birth weight (teacher and physician), singleton (parent, physician, and two observers), male (parent, teacher, physician, and two observers), mechanical ventilation on postnatal day seven (physician), receipt of a sedative (parent and two observers), retinopathy of prematurity (parent), necrotizing enterocolitis (physician), antibiotic receipt (physician and two observers), and ventriculomegaly on brain scan (parent and two observers). CONCLUSIONS The multiplicity of risk factors identified can be subsumed as components of four broad themes: low socioeconomic state, immaturity or vulnerability, inflammation, and epigenetic phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Leviton
- Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
| | - Stephen R Hooper
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill NC, USA
| | - Scott J. Hunter
- The University of Chicago Medicine Comer Children’s Hospital, Chicago IL, USA
| | - Megan N. Scott
- The University of Chicago Medicine Comer Children’s Hospital, Chicago IL, USA
| | | | | | - T. Michael O’Shea
- University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill NC, USA
| | - Karl Kuban
- Boston Medical Center and Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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18
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Parenting stress and DNA methylation among African Americans in the InterGEN Study. J Clin Transl Sci 2018; 1:328-333. [PMID: 29707254 PMCID: PMC5915805 DOI: 10.1017/cts.2018.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction General life stress has been associated with altered DNA methylation in individuals of African Ancestry, although the relationship between parenting stress and DNA methylation has not been described. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between maternal parenting stress and DNA methylation among African Ancestry mother-child dyads. Methods We evaluated epigenome-wide DNA methylation relative to parenting stress in 74 mother-child dyads using linear mixed models. Results Significant variation in maternal DNA methylation at 95 CpG sites was associated with level of parenting stress. Notably, we identified a change in DNA methylation associated with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1, which plays a key role in stress signaling. We did not identify any significant variation in child DNA methylation related to maternal parenting stress. Conclusions However, DNA methylation patterns observed in children mirrored patterns observed in their mothers. The results suggest that differential maternal DNA methylation is associated with higher levels of parenting stress.
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Epigenetics and Early Life Adversity: Current Evidence and Considerations for Epigenetic Studies in the Context of Child Maltreatment. THE BIOLOGY OF EARLY LIFE STRESS 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72589-5_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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20
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van der Burg JW, Jensen ET, van de Bor M, Joseph RM, O'Shea TM, Kuban K, Allred EN, Scott M, Hunter S, Hooper SR, Dammann O, Leviton A. Maternal obesity and attention-related symptoms in the preterm offspring. Early Hum Dev 2017; 115:9-15. [PMID: 28822870 PMCID: PMC6082429 DOI: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal pre-pregnancy obesity, in term-born children, is associated with an increased risk of attention problems, however this relationship has not been explored among children born extremely preterm. AIM To estimate the risk of attention problems at age 10years in children born very preterm to overweight (i.e., body mass index (BMI) 25-29kg/m2) and obese (i.e., BMI≥30kg/m2) women relative to the risk among children born to women who were neither overweight nor obese (i.e. BMI<25kg/m2). STUDY DESIGN Multi-center prospective cohort study. METHODS A total of 764 children born before the 28th week of gestation and whose mother's pre-pregnancy height and pre-pregnancy weight were obtained at birth had an IQ≥70 at age 10years when parents and teachers completed Child Symptom Inventory-4 questionnaires that included items about the presence of ADHD. RESULTS Compared to children whose mother's pre-pregnancy weight was in the normal range (BMI<25kg/m2), children were at increased risk of parent-identified ADHD behaviors if their mother was overweight (odds ratio (OR)=1.9; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1, 3.3), or obese (OR=2.3; 95% CI: 1.4, 3.9). They were not at increased risk of teacher-identified ADHD characteristics if their mother was overweight before her pregnancy (OR=1.0; 95% CI: 0.6, 1.8), or obese (OR=1.0; 95% CI: 0.6, 1.6). CONCLUSION Maternal overweight and obesity are associated with increased risk of parent-identified ADHD characteristics at 10years of age in children born extremely preterm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelske W van der Burg
- Department of Health and Life Sciences, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Elizabeth T Jensen
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Margot van de Bor
- Department of Health and Life Sciences, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, VU University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert M Joseph
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - T Michael O'Shea
- Department of Pediatrics (Neonatology), Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, United States
| | - Karl Kuban
- Division of Neurology (Pediatric Neurology), Department of Pediatrics, Boston Medical Center and Boston University, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Elizabeth N Allred
- Neuroepidemiology Unit, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Megan Scott
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, The University of Chicago School of Medicine Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Scott Hunter
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, The University of Chicago School of Medicine Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Stephen R Hooper
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, United States
| | - Olaf Dammann
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States; Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alan Leviton
- Neuroepidemiology Unit, Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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21
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Ensink K, Bégin M, Normandin L, Fonagy P. Parental reflective functioning as a moderator of child internalizing difficulties in the context of child sexual abuse. Psychiatry Res 2017; 257:361-366. [PMID: 28803093 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2017.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The objective was to examine pathways from child sexual abuse (CSA) and maternal mentalizing to child internalizing and externalizing difficulties and to test a model of MRF as a moderator of the relationships between CSA and child difficulties. The sample was comprised of 154 mothers and children aged 2-12 where 64 children had experienced CSA. To assess parental mentalizing the Parental Development Interview was rated with the Parental Reflective Functioning Scale. Child internalizing and externalizing difficulties were assessed with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Results indicate that there were significant inverse relationships between maternal mentalizing and child internalizing and externalizing difficulties. When maternal mentalizing was considered together with CSA, only maternal mentalizing was a significant predictor of child difficulties. Furthermore, maternal mentalizing moderated the relationship between CSA and child internalizing difficulties. These findings provide evidence of the importance of the parents' mentalizing stance for psychiatric symptoms of children aged 2-12, as well as children's recovery from CSA. The clinical implications of the findings are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Ensink
- Université Laval École de psychologie, 2325 rue des Bibliothèques, Québec (QC), Canada G1V 0A6.
| | - Michaël Bégin
- Université Laval École de psychologie, 2325 rue des Bibliothèques, Québec (QC), Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Lina Normandin
- Université Laval École de psychologie, 2325 rue des Bibliothèques, Québec (QC), Canada G1V 0A6
| | - Peter Fonagy
- University College London, Psychoanalysis Unit, Research Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
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22
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Schang AL, Sabéran-Djoneidi D, Mezger V. The impact of epigenomic next-generation sequencing approaches on our understanding of neuropsychiatric disorders. Clin Genet 2017; 93:467-480. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.13097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A.-L. Schang
- CNRS; UMR7216 Épigénétique et Destin Cellulaire; F-75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
- Univ Paris Diderot; Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
- Département Hospitalo-Universitaire PROTECT; Paris France
| | - D. Sabéran-Djoneidi
- CNRS; UMR7216 Épigénétique et Destin Cellulaire; F-75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
- Univ Paris Diderot; Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
| | - V. Mezger
- CNRS; UMR7216 Épigénétique et Destin Cellulaire; F-75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
- Univ Paris Diderot; Sorbonne Paris Cité, F-75205 Paris Cedex 13 France
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23
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Ensink K, Leroux A, Normandin L, Biberdzic M, Fonagy P. Assessing Reflective Parenting in Interaction With School-Aged Children. J Pers Assess 2017; 99:585-595. [DOI: 10.1080/00223891.2016.1270289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karin Ensink
- School of Psychology, University of Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Annie Leroux
- School of Psychology, University of Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Lina Normandin
- School of Psychology, University of Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Marko Biberdzic
- School of Psychology, University of Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Peter Fonagy
- Psychoanalysis Unit, University College London, UK
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Abstract
Cultural neuroscience research examines how psychological processes are affected by the interplay between culture and biological factors, including genetic influences, patterns of neural activation, and physiological processes. In this review, we present foundational and current empirical research in this area, and we also discuss theories that aim to explain how various aspects of the social environment are interpreted as meaningful in different cultures and interact with a cascade of biological processes to ultimately influence thoughts and behaviors. This review highlights theoretical and methodological issues, potential solutions, and future implications for a field that aspires to integrate the complexities of human biology with the richness of culture.
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25
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Davidov M, Vaish A, Knafo-Noam A, Hastings PD. The Motivational Foundations of Prosocial Behavior From A Developmental Perspective-Evolutionary Roots and Key Psychological Mechanisms: Introduction to the Special Section. Child Dev 2016; 87:1655-1667. [DOI: 10.1111/cdev.12639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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26
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Deniz Can D, Ginsburg-Block M. Parenting stress and home-based literacy interactions in low-income preschool families. JOURNAL OF APPLIED DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.appdev.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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27
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Keating DP. Transformative Role of Epigenetics in Child Development Research: Commentary on the Special Section. Child Dev 2016; 87:135-42. [DOI: 10.1111/cdev.12488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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28
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Abstract
Epigenetics provides the opportunity to revolutionize our understanding of the role of genetics and the environment in explaining human behavior, although the use of epigenetics to study human behavior is just beginning. In this introduction, the authors present the basics of epigenetics in a way that is designed to make this exciting field accessible to a wide readership. The authors describe the history of human behavioral epigenetic research in the context of other disciplines and graphically illustrate the burgeoning of research in the application of epigenetic methods and principles to the study of human behavior. The role of epigenetics in normal embryonic development and the influence of biological and environmental factors altering behavior through epigenetic mechanisms and developmental programming are discussed. Some basic approaches to the study of epigenetics are reviewed. The authors conclude with a discussion of challenges and opportunities, including intervention, as the field of human behavioral epigenetics continue to grow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barry M Lester
- Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island
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