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Testa A, Mungia R, Lee J, Jackson DB, Fahmy C, Neumann A, Samper-Ternent R. The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and oral health care use among formerly incarcerated people in the United States. J Am Dent Assoc 2024; 155:158-166.e6. [PMID: 38085198 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2023.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Formerly incarcerated people report less frequent oral health care use, despite having more substantial oral health problems. This study aimed to determine whether the adoption of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) has improved oral health care use among formerly incarcerated people in the United States. METHOD Data were from Wave I (1994-1995), Wave IV (2008), and Wave V (2016-2018) of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (n = 9,108), a nationally representative cohort study in the United States. RESULTS On the basis of the results of multiple logistic regression analysis with interaction terms, the authors found a positive and statistically significant interaction between prior incarceration and living in a state with ACA adoption on past-year oral health care use, net of potential confounding variables (incarceration × ACA: odds ratio, 1.587; 95% CI, 1.043 to 2.414). Substantively, the findings suggest that people with a history of incarceration are less likely to use oral health care, and this disparity is more likely to occur in states without ACA adoption. CONCLUSIONS ACA adoption corresponds with improvements in the receipt of oral health care among formerly incarcerated people. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS This study builds on prior evidence highlighting that the ACA is beneficial in connecting formerly incarcerated people to health care services and suggests that these benefits may extend to improving access to and use of oral health care.
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Khazanchi R, Heard-Garris NJ, Winkelman TNA. Health Care Access and Use Among Children & Adolescents Exposed to Parental Incarceration-United States, 2019. Acad Pediatr 2023; 23:464-472. [PMID: 36216212 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The United States has the highest incarceration rate in the world, with spillover impacts on 5 million children with an incarcerated parent. Children exposed to parental incarceration (PI) have suboptimal health care access, use, and outcomes in adulthood compared to their peers. However, little is known about their access and utilization during childhood. We evaluated relationships between PI and health care use and access throughout childhood and adolescence. METHODS We analyzed the nationally representative 2019 National Health Interview Survey Child Sample to examine cross-sectional associations between exposure to incarceration of a residential caregiver, access to care, and health care use among children aged 2-17. Respondents were asked about measures of preventive care access, unmet needs due to cost, and acute care use over the last year. We estimated changes associated with PI exposure using multiple logistic regression models adjusted for age, sex, race, ethnicity, parental education, family structure, rurality, income, insurance status, and disability. RESULTS Of 7405 sample individuals, 467 (weighted 6.2% [95% CI 5.5-6.9]) were exposed to PI. In adjusted analyses to produce national estimates, exposure to PI was associated with an additional 2.2 million children lacking a usual source of care, 2 million with forgone dental care needs, 1.2 million with delayed mental health care needs, and 865,000 with forgone mental health care needs. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to PI was associated with worse access to a usual source of care and unmet dental and mental health care needs. Our findings highlight the need for early intervention by demonstrating that these barriers emerge during childhood and adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohan Khazanchi
- Health, Homelessness, and Criminal Justice Lab (R Khazanchi and TNA Winkelman), Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, Minn; School of Public Health (R Khazanchi), University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minn; College of Medicine (R Khazanchi), University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebr.
| | - Nia J Heard-Garris
- Division of Advanced General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics and Mary Ann & J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research, Outreach, and Advocacy Center (NJ Heard-Garris), Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, Ill; Department of Pediatrics (NJ Heard-Garris), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Institute for Policy Research (NJ Heard-Garris), Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill
| | - Tyler N A Winkelman
- Health, Homelessness, and Criminal Justice Lab (R Khazanchi and TNA Winkelman), Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute, Minneapolis, Minn; Division of General Internal Medicine (NA Winkelman), Department of Medicine, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, Minn
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Herreros-Fraile A, Carcedo RJ, Viedma A, Ramos-Barbero V, Fernández-Rouco N, Gomiz-Pascual P, del Val C. Parental Incarceration, Development, and Well-Being: A Developmental Systematic Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3143. [PMID: 36833841 PMCID: PMC9967200 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Despite an increasing number of studies examining the impact of parental incarceration on children's well-being, there are few comprehensive reviews that collect this information, and even fewer from a developmental perspective. This study aims to clarify the effects of parental incarceration on children's well-being and development, as well as the moderating and mediating factors from a developmental perspective. A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines, selecting 61 studies of children from early childhood to adolescence. The results show differences in the current evidence regarding the effects of parental incarceration on children depending on the developmental stage, with the most evidence in the 7-11-year-old stage. Being male appears as a risk moderator factor while the mental health of the caregiver and their relationship with the child appears as a mediating variable, especially from 7 to 18 years old. These results reveal the impact of parental incarceration based on children's age, providing a basis for developing protective and intervention measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Herreros-Fraile
- HIPRIFAM, Psychological Assistance for Children of Incarcerated Parents and their Families Unit, Faculty of Psychology, University of Salamanca, Avda. de la Merced 109-131, 37005 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Rodrigo J. Carcedo
- HIPRIFAM, Psychological Assistance for Children of Incarcerated Parents and their Families Unit, Faculty of Psychology, University of Salamanca, Avda. de la Merced 109-131, 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Salamanca, Avda. de la Merced 109-131, 37005 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Antonio Viedma
- Department of Sociology I, Faculty of Political Sciences and Sociology, National Distance Education University (UNED), C/Obispo Trejo, 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Ramos-Barbero
- Health Sciences Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Burgos, Paseo de los Comendadores, s/n (H. Militar), 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - Noelia Fernández-Rouco
- HIPRIFAM, Psychological Assistance for Children of Incarcerated Parents and their Families Unit, Faculty of Psychology, University of Salamanca, Avda. de la Merced 109-131, 37005 Salamanca, Spain
- Department of Education, School of Education, University of Cantabria, Avda. de los Castros 50, 39005 Santander, Spain
| | - Pilar Gomiz-Pascual
- Department of Sociology I, Faculty of Political Sciences and Sociology, National Distance Education University (UNED), C/Obispo Trejo, 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Consuelo del Val
- Department of Sociology I, Faculty of Political Sciences and Sociology, National Distance Education University (UNED), C/Obispo Trejo, 2, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Incarceration exposure and women's oral health experiences during pregnancy. Soc Sci Med 2022; 314:115467. [PMID: 36288649 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2022.115467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Prior research has documented an association between incarceration and poor oral health outcomes. Likewise, recent scholarship has also detailed that women exposed to incarceration either directly or vicariously through a partner during pregnancy incur worse health outcomes. However, no previous research has assessed the connection between incarceration exposure and oral health during pregnancy. OBJECTIVE The current study assesses the link between maternal incarceration exposure and oral health during pregnancy. METHODS Data are from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) from years 2016-2019 (N = 60,342). Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between incarceration and oral health. RESULTS Women exposed to incarceration exhibited worse oral health outcomes in the form of being more likely to report not knowing the importance of oral care, not having an oral health discussion with a provider, not getting a teeth cleaning, as well as being likely to report needing to see a dental provider, having visited a dental provider for a problem during pregnancy, and having more unmet dental care needs. CONCLUSIONS These findings add to a burgeoning literature that demonstrates a woman's prenatal exposure to incarceration poses risk for overall health and wellbeing. Given the influence of both incarceration exposure and oral health during pregnancy for maternal and infant health, the findings suggest that coordination between criminal justice, public health, and oral health experts can develop programmatic efforts that expand access to oral health care and improve oral health literacy among incarceration-exposed pregnant women.
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Incarceration exposure and prescription opioid use during pregnancy. Drug Alcohol Depend 2022; 235:109434. [PMID: 35405460 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2022.109434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research demonstrates a high prevalence of substance use, including opioid use, among those who have had personal or vicarious contact with the correctional system. Relatedly, alongside patterns of rising opioid use in general, opioid use during pregnancy is becoming a growing public health concern. Still, risk factors for prescription opioid use during pregnancy remain understudied. This study is the first to assess the connection between a women's personal or vicarious exposure to incarceration in the 12 months prior to birth and patterns of prenatal opioid use. METHODS Data are from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) in 2019 (N = 17,551 mothers). Logistic and multinomial logistic regression are used to assess the association between incarceration exposure and patterns of opioid use during pregnancy. RESULTS Incarceration-exposed women were more likely to use all eight types of prescription opioids assessed in this study (Hydrocodone, Codeine, Oxycodone, Tramadol, Hydromorphone/Meperidine, Oxymorphone, Morphine, and Fentanyl). After adjustment for control variables, incarceration-exposed women were significantly more likely to report any prescription opioid use during pregnancy (OR = 1.745, 95% CI = 1.194, 2.554). Furthermore, relative to no opioid use, incarceration exposure was also associated with illicit prescription opioid use (RRR = 2.979, 1.533, 5.791). CONCLUSIONS Incarceration exposure in the year prior to birth is associated with higher odds of prescription opioid use. These findings add to the burgeoning literature that details a women's exposure to incarceration is a risk marker for substance use and engagement in health risk behaviors that can jeopardize maternal and infant wellbeing.
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Disparities in dental health issues and oral health care visits in US children with tobacco smoke exposure. J Am Dent Assoc 2022; 153:319-329. [PMID: 35078590 PMCID: PMC8969190 DOI: 10.1016/j.adaj.2021.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of the authors was to assess the relationships between tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) and dental health and dental care visits among US children. METHODS The authors examined 2018-2019 National Survey of Children's Health data on TSE, dental health, and oral health care visits. Children aged 1 through 11 years (N = 32,214) were categorized into TSE groups: no home TSE (did not live with a smoker), thirdhand smoke (THS) exposure (lived with a smoker who did not smoke inside the home), or secondhand smoke (SHS) and THS exposure (lived with a smoker who smoked inside the home). The authors conducted multivariable logistic regression analyses, adjusting for child age, sex, race or ethnicity, prematurity, caregiver education level, family structure, and federal poverty threshold. RESULTS Children with home SHS and THS exposure were at increased odds of having frequent or chronic difficulty with 1 or more oral health problem (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.59; 95% CI, 1.07 to 2.35; P = .022) and carious teeth or caries (AOR, 1.74; 95% CI 1.14 to 2.65; P = .010) than those with no TSE. Compared with children aged 1 through 11 years with no TSE, children with SHS and THS exposure were 2.22 times (95% CI, 1.01 to 4.87; P = .048) more likely to have not received needed oral health care but at decreased odds of having had any kind of oral health care visit (AOR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.32 to 0.95; P = .032), including a preventive oral health care visit (AOR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.36 to 0.99; P = .047). CONCLUSIONS TSE in children is associated with caries and inadequate oral health care visits. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS The pediatric dental visit is an opportune time to educate caregivers who smoke about dental health to improve their children's teeth condition and increase oral health care visits.
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Wan S, Tao L, Liu M, Liu J. Prevalence of toothache in Chinese adults aged 65 years and above. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2021; 49:522-532. [PMID: 33829523 DOI: 10.1111/cdoe.12640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the prevalence of toothache and its risk indicators in the older Chinese population. METHODS National cross-sectional survey data on 25 048 Chinese people ≥65 years in 2011, 2014 and 2018 survey year were analysed and then pooled. Chi-square test was used to examine the differences in prevalence among specific subgroups. Multivariate modified Poisson regression analyses with robust error variances were used to detect related factors and prevalence ratios (PR) were calculated. RESULTS The prevalence of toothache was 16.3% (95% CI: 15.5%-17.1%), 12.8% (95% CI: 12.0%-13.7%) and 16.0% (95% CI: 15.3%-16.7%) in years 2011, 2014 and 2018. In the pooled multivariate Poisson regression model, factors associated with toothache were female (PR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.18-1.37), younger age (PR: 1.84, 95% CI: 1.63-2.09), currently married and living with spouse (PR: 1.08, 95% CI: 1.01-1.15), current living in urban area (PR:1.12, 95% CI: 1.06-1.20), enough financial support (PR: 0.69, 95% CI: 0.65-0.74), having chronic disease (PR: 1.46, 95% CI: 1.35, 1.57), higher sugar intake (PR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.03-1.17), salty flavour (PR:1.15, 95% CI: 1.07-1.23), smoking (PR: 1.14, 95% CI:1.06-1.23) or drinking (PR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.09-1.25), with denture (PR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.08-1.22) and higher toothbrushing frequency (PR: 1.25-1.50). CONCLUSIONS More than one in ten older Chinese population had toothache, and it was related to age, gender, socioeconomic status, behaviour and oral health status. Lifestyle interventions should be taken to avoid the occurrence of the toothache.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Wan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Liyuan Tao
- Research Center of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Sanari AA, Khashman MAA, Alharbi RF, Alhashim AA, Bukhari RF, Bokhari AA, Alrayiqi SH, Alazmi AA, Barnawi WOM, Aljohani GM, Alzahrani AH. An overview on early childhood caries: A literature review. ARCHIVES OF PHARMACY PRACTICE 2021. [DOI: 10.51847/cobvalkcm4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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