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Govers BM, van Huet RAC, Roosing S, Keijser S, Los LI, den Hollander AI, Klevering BJ. The genetics and disease mechanisms of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. Prog Retin Eye Res 2023; 97:101158. [PMID: 36621380 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2022.101158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is a sight threatening condition that warrants immediate surgical intervention. To date, 29 genes have been associated with monogenic disorders involving RRD. In addition, RRD can occur as a multifactorial disease through a combined effect of multiple genetic variants and non-genetic risk factors. In this review, we provide a comprehensive overview of the spectrum of hereditary disorders involving RRD. We discuss genotype-phenotype correlations of these monogenic disorders, and describe genetic variants associated with RRD through multifactorial inheritance. Furthermore, we evaluate our current understanding of the molecular disease mechanisms of RRD-associated genetic variants on collagen proteins, proteoglycan versican, and the TGF-β pathway. Finally, we review the role of genetics in patient management and prevention of RRD. We provide recommendations for genetic testing and prophylaxis of at-risk patients, and hypothesize on novel therapeutic approaches beyond surgical intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birgit M Govers
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Ramon A C van Huet
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Susanne Roosing
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Sander Keijser
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Leonoor I Los
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Anneke I den Hollander
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; AbbVie, Genomics Research Center, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - B Jeroen Klevering
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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2
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Jackson D, Moosajee M. The Genetic Determinants of Axial Length: From Microphthalmia to High Myopia in Childhood. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 2023; 24:177-202. [PMID: 37624667 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-genom-102722-090617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The axial length of the eye is critical for normal visual function by enabling light to precisely focus on the retina. The mean axial length of the adult human eye is 23.5 mm, but the molecular mechanisms regulating ocular axial length remain poorly understood. Underdevelopment can lead to microphthalmia (defined as a small eye with an axial length of less than 19 mm at 1 year of age or less than 21 mm in adulthood) within the first trimester of pregnancy. However, continued overgrowth can lead to axial high myopia (an enlarged eye with an axial length of 26.5 mm or more) at any age. Both conditions show high genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity associated with significant visual morbidity worldwide. More than 90 genes can contribute to microphthalmia, and several hundred genes are associated with myopia, yet diagnostic yields are low. Crucially, the genetic pathways underpinning the specification of eye size are only now being discovered, with evidence suggesting that shared molecular pathways regulate under- or overgrowth of the eye. Improving our mechanistic understanding of axial length determination will help better inform us of genotype-phenotype correlations in both microphthalmia and myopia, dissect gene-environment interactions in myopia, and develop postnatal therapies that may influence overall eye growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Jackson
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom;
| | - Mariya Moosajee
- Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London, United Kingdom;
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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3
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Ye M, Ma Y, Qin YX, Cai B, Ma LM, Ma Z, Liu Y, Jin ZB, Zhuang WJ. Mutational investigation of 17 causative genes in a cohort of 113 families with nonsyndromic early-onset high myopia in northwestern China. Mol Genet Genomics 2023; 298:669-682. [PMID: 36964802 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-023-02003-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
High myopia (HM) is a leading cause of visual impairment in the world. To expand the genotypic and phenotypic spectra of HM in the Chinese population, we investigated genetic variations in a cohort of 113 families with nonsyndromic early-onset high myopia from northwestern China by whole-exome sequencing, with focus on 17 known genes. Sixteen potentially pathogenic variants predicted to affect protein function in eight of seventeen causative genes for HM in fifteen (13.3%) families were revealed, including seven novel variants, c.767 + 1G > A in ARR3, c.3214C > A/p.H1072N, and c.2195C > T/p.A732V in ZNF644, c.1270G > T/p.V424L in CPSF1, c.1918G > C/p.G640R and c.2786T > G/p.V929G in XYLT1, c.601G > C/p.E201Q in P4HA2; six rare variants, c.799G > A/p.E267K in NDUFAF7, c.1144C > T/p.R382W in TNFRSF21, c.1100C > T/p.P367L in ZNF644, c.3980C > T/p.S1327L in CPSF1, c.145G > A/p.E49K and c.325G > T/p.G109W in SLC39A5; and three known variants, c.2014A > G/p.S672G and c.3261A > C/p.E1087D in ZNF644, c.605C > T/p.P202L in TNFRSF21. Ten of them were co-segregated with HM. The mean (± SD) examination age of these 15 probands was 14.7 (± 11.61) years. The median spherical equivalent was - 9.50 D (IQ - 8.75 ~ - 12.00) for the right eye and - 11.25 D (IQ - 9.25 ~ - 14.13) for the left eye. The median axial length was 26.67 mm (IQ 25.83 ~ 27.13) for the right eye and 26.25 mm (IQ 25.97 ~ 27.32) for the left eye. These newly identified genetic variations not only broaden the genetic and clinical spectra, but also offer convincing evidence that the genes ARR3, NDUFAF7, TNFRSF21, and ZNF644 contribute to hereditable HM. This work improves further understanding of molecular mechanism of HM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Ye
- Third Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
- Ningxia Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Ya Ma
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Xuan Qin
- Third Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Bo Cai
- Ningxia Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Li-Mei Ma
- North Minzu University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zhen Ma
- Ningxia Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Ningxia Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zi-Bing Jin
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China.
| | - Wen-Juan Zhuang
- Ningxia Eye Hospital, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Third Clinical Medical College of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China.
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Magliyah MS, Almarek F, Nowilaty SR, Al-Abdi L, Alkuraya FS, Alowain M, Schatz P, Alfaadhel T, Khan AO, Alsulaiman SM. LEPREL1 -RELATED GIANT RETINAL TEAR DETACHMENTS MIMIC THE PHENOTYPE OF OCULAR STICKLER SYNDROME. Retina 2023; 43:498-505. [PMID: 36729830 DOI: 10.1097/iae.0000000000003691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the features of retinal detachments and high myopia in patients with novel pathogenic variants in LEPREL1 and report a possible association with nephropathy. METHODS Retrospective study of 10 children with biallelic LEPREL1 pathogenic variants. Data included ophthalmic features, surgical interventions, and genetic and laboratory findings. RESULTS 10 patients (8 females) from three families with homozygous (2) or compound heterozygous (1) variants in LEPREL1 were included. At presentation, mean age was 9.9 ± 2.6 years. Mean axial length was 28.9 ± 1.9 mm and mean refraction was -13.9 ± 2.8 diopters. Bilateral posterior subcapsular cataracts were present in eight patients (80%), with lens subluxation in five eyes of three patients (30%). Rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRD), associated with giant retinal tears (GRT), developed in seven eyes of five patients (50%) at a mean age of 14.14 ± 5.9 years. Six were successfully reattached with mean Snellen best-corrected visual acuity improving from 20/120 preoperatively to 20/60 at last follow-up. Urinalysis in nine patients revealed microhematuria and/or mild proteinuria in six patients (67%). CONCLUSION LEPREL1 -related high myopia confers a high risk of early-onset GRT-related RRD. The ocular phenotype may be confused with that of ocular Stickler syndrome if genetic testing is not performed. Further investigations into a potential association with renal dysfunction are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustafa S Magliyah
- Vitreoretinal Division, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Prince Mohammed Medical City, AlJouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Almarek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Imam Mohammed Bin Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sawsan R Nowilaty
- Vitreoretinal Division, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lama Al-Abdi
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fowzan S Alkuraya
- Department of Translational Genomics, Center for Genomic Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Alowain
- Department of Medical Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Patrik Schatz
- Vitreoretinal Division, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Sciences, Skane University Hospital, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Talal Alfaadhel
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arif O Khan
- Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; and
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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The Differential Expression of Circular RNAs and the Role of circAFF1 in Lens Epithelial Cells of High-Myopic Cataract. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12030813. [PMID: 36769461 PMCID: PMC9918043 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12030813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
High-myopic cataract (HMC) is a complex cataract with earlier onset and more rapid progress than age-related cataract (ARC). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been implicated in many diseases. However, their involvement in HMC remain largely unexplored. To investigate the role of dysregulated circRNAs in HMC, lens epithelium samples from 24 HMC and 24 ARC patients were used for whole transcriptome sequencing. Compared with ARC, HMC had 3687 uniquely expressed circRNAs and 1163 significantly differentially expressed circRNAs (DEcRs) (|log2FC| > 1, p < 0.05). A putative circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network was constructed based on correlation analysis. We validated the differential expression of 3 DEcRs by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) using different sets of samples. We further investigated the role of circAFF1 in cultured lens epithelial cells (LECs) and found that the overexpression of circAFF1 promoted cell proliferation, migration and inhibited apoptosis. We also showed that circAFF1 upregulated Tropomyosin 1 (TPM1) expression by sponging miR-760, which was consistent with the network prediction. Collectively, our study suggested the involvement of circRNAs in the pathogenesis of HMC and provide a resource for further study on this topic.
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Aypek H, Krisp C, Lu S, Liu S, Kylies D, Kretz O, Wu G, Moritz M, Amann K, Benz K, Tong P, Hu ZM, Alsulaiman SM, Khan AO, Grohmann M, Wagner T, Müller-Deile J, Schlüter H, Puelles VG, Bergmann C, Huber TB, Grahammer F. Loss of the collagen IV modifier prolyl 3-hydroxylase 2 causes thin basement membrane nephropathy. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:147253. [PMID: 35499085 PMCID: PMC9057608 DOI: 10.1172/jci147253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The glomerular filtration barrier (GFB) produces primary urine and is composed of a fenestrated endothelium, a glomerular basement membrane (GBM), podocytes, and a slit diaphragm. Impairment of the GFB leads to albuminuria and microhematuria. The GBM is generated via secreted proteins from both endothelial cells and podocytes and is supposed to majorly contribute to filtration selectivity. While genetic mutations or variations of GBM components have been recently proposed to be a common cause of glomerular diseases, pathways modifying and stabilizing the GBM remain incompletely understood. Here, we identified prolyl 3-hydroxylase 2 (P3H2) as a regulator of the GBM in an a cohort of patients with albuminuria. P3H2 hydroxylates the 3' of prolines in collagen IV subchains in the endoplasmic reticulum. Characterization of a P3h2ΔPod mouse line revealed that the absence of P3H2 protein in podocytes induced a thin basement membrane nephropathy (TBMN) phenotype with a thinner GBM than that in WT mice and the development of microhematuria and microalbuminuria over time. Mechanistically, differential quantitative proteomics of the GBM identified a significant decrease in the abundance of collagen IV subchains and their interaction partners in P3h2ΔPod mice. To our knowledge, P3H2 protein is the first identified GBM modifier, and loss or mutation of P3H2 causes TBMN and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis in mice and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christoph Krisp
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Mass Spectrometric Proteomics Group, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Shun Lu
- III. Department of Medicine and
| | | | | | | | | | - Manuela Moritz
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Mass Spectrometric Proteomics Group, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Amann
- Department of Nephropathology, Institute of Pathology and
| | - Kerstin Benz
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ping Tong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital and
| | - Zheng-mao Hu
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | | | - Arif O. Khan
- Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.,Department of Ophthalmology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Maik Grohmann
- Medizinische Genetik Mainz, Limbach Genetics, Mainz, Germany
| | - Timo Wagner
- Medizinische Genetik Mainz, Limbach Genetics, Mainz, Germany
| | - Janina Müller-Deile
- Department of Nephrology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schlüter
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Mass Spectrometric Proteomics Group, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Carsten Bergmann
- Medizinische Genetik Mainz, Limbach Genetics, Mainz, Germany.,Department of Medicine IV, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Chen Y, Meng J, Cheng K, Lu Q, Wei L, Lu Y, Zhu X. Influence of IOL Weight on Long-Term IOL Stability in Highly Myopic Eyes. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:835475. [PMID: 35479960 PMCID: PMC9035698 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.835475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to investigate the influence of intraocular lens (IOL) weight on long-term IOL stability in highly myopic eyes. Materials and Methods A total of 205 highly myopic cataract eyes of 205 patients implanted with the MC X11 ASP (Group A, 86 eyes) or 920H IOL (Group B, 119 eyes) were included in this retrospective study. Eyes were divided into 3 subgroups according to the IOL power: low (≥-5 to <5 D), medium (≥5 to <14 D), and high (≥14 D) IOL power. At 3 years after surgery, IOL decentration and tilt, high-order aberrations, and anterior capsular opening (ACO) area were measured. The influence of IOL weight on long-term IOL stability was evaluated. Results Group B had a significantly greater IOL weight than Group A (Group B vs. Group A: 28.31 ± 2.01 mg vs. 25.71 ± 4.62 mg, P < 0.001). Correspondingly, Group B presented significantly greater overall and inferior decentration than Group A, especially for low and medium IOL power (all P < 0.05). In both groups, overall and vertical decentration was significantly correlated with IOL weight (all P < 0.05). Group B showed a significantly greater ACO area than Group A (P < 0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that decentration in Group A was affected by IOL weight, while decentration in Group B was affected by IOL weight and AL. Conclusions Higher IOL weight may lead to greater long-term IOL decentration in highly myopic eyes, while the haptic design may play a role in anterior capsular contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Institute, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), National Health Commission, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Meng
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Institute, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), National Health Commission, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kaiwen Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Institute, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), National Health Commission, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Institute, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), National Health Commission, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ling Wei
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Institute, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), National Health Commission, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Institute, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), National Health Commission, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Yi Lu
| | - Xiangjia Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology and Eye Institute, Eye and Ear, Nose, and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), National Health Commission, Shanghai, China
- Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangjia Zhu
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Disatham J, Brennan L, Jiao X, Ma Z, Hejtmancik JF, Kantorow M. Changes in DNA methylation hallmark alterations in chromatin accessibility and gene expression for eye lens differentiation. Epigenetics Chromatin 2022; 15:8. [PMID: 35246225 PMCID: PMC8897925 DOI: 10.1186/s13072-022-00440-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Methylation at cytosines (mCG) is a well-known regulator of gene expression, but its requirements for cellular differentiation have yet to be fully elucidated. A well-studied cellular differentiation model system is the eye lens, consisting of a single anterior layer of epithelial cells that migrate laterally and differentiate into a core of fiber cells. Here, we explore the genome-wide relationships between mCG methylation, chromatin accessibility and gene expression during differentiation of eye lens epithelial cells into fiber cells. Results Whole genome bisulfite sequencing identified 7621 genomic loci exhibiting significant differences in mCG levels between lens epithelial and fiber cells. Changes in mCG levels were inversely correlated with the differentiation state-specific expression of 1285 genes preferentially expressed in either lens fiber or lens epithelial cells (Pearson correlation r = − 0.37, p < 1 × 10–42). mCG levels were inversely correlated with chromatin accessibility determined by assay for transposase-accessible sequencing (ATAC-seq) (Pearson correlation r = − 0.86, p < 1 × 10–300). Many of the genes exhibiting altered regions of DNA methylation, chromatin accessibility and gene expression levels in fiber cells relative to epithelial cells are associated with lens fiber cell structure, homeostasis and transparency. These include lens crystallins (CRYBA4, CRYBB1, CRYGN, CRYBB2), lens beaded filament proteins (BFSP1, BFSP2), transcription factors (HSF4, SOX2, HIF1A), and Notch signaling pathway members (NOTCH1, NOTCH2, HEY1, HES5). Analysis of regions exhibiting cell-type specific alterations in DNA methylation revealed an overrepresentation of consensus sequences of multiple transcription factors known to play key roles in lens cell differentiation including HIF1A, SOX2, and the MAF family of transcription factors. Conclusions Collectively, these results link DNA methylation with control of chromatin accessibility and gene expression changes required for eye lens differentiation. The results also point to a role for DNA methylation in the regulation of transcription factors previously identified to be important for lens cell differentiation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13072-022-00440-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Disatham
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Lisa Brennan
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Xiaodong Jiao
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Zhiwei Ma
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J Fielding Hejtmancik
- Ophthalmic Genetics and Visual Function Branch, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Marc Kantorow
- Department of Biomedical Science, Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
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9
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Chen Y, Wei L, He W, Lu Y, Zhu X. Comparison of Kane, Hill-RBF 2.0, Barrett Universal II, and Emmetropia Verifying Optical Formulas in Eyes With Extreme Myopia. J Refract Surg 2021; 37:680-685. [PMID: 34661474 DOI: 10.3928/1081597x-20210712-03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the accuracy of the Kane, Hill-RBF 2.0, Barrett Universal II (BUII), and Emmetropia Verifying Optical (EVO) formulas in calculating intraocular lens power in extremely myopic eyes. METHODS A total of 1,054 highly myopic eyes were included and divided into three groups according to axial length: control (⩾ 26 to < 28 mm), long (⩾ 28 to < 30 mm), and extreme axial length (⩾ 30 mm) groups. Prediction accuracies of the four formulas were compared and factors influencing the refractive errors were evaluated. RESULTS The Hill-RBF 2.0 formula generated the largest percentage of eyes with refractive errors within ±0.50 and ±1.00 D (71.44% and 94.59%, respectively, compared to 63.38% and 92.31% for the Kane, 61.76% and 94.02% for the BUII, and 59.01% and 87.57% for the EVO formulas; P < .001). The mean absolute errors of the Kane, Hill-RBF 2.0, BUII, and EVO formulas were 0.46 ± 0.38, 0.40 ± 0.39, 0.44 ± 0.30, and 0.58 ± 0.68 D (P < .001). In the long axial length group, the Hill-RBF 2.0 formula had the smallest MAE (all P < .001), whereas the extreme axial length group only had a smaller MAE than the Kane and EVO formulas (both P < .001). The accuracy of the Kane and Hill-RBF 2.0 formulas was affected by corneal curvature and A-constant; the accuracy of the BUII and EVO formulas was affected by corneal curvature, axial length, and A-constant. CONCLUSIONS The Hill-RBF 2.0 formula outperformed all three other formulas in eyes with axial lengths ⩾ 28 to < 30 mm, and outperformed the Kane and EVO formulas in eyes with axial lengths of 30 mm or greater. [J Refract Surg. 2021;37(10):680-685.].
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10
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Du Z, Cai S, Yan D, Li H, Zhang X, Yang W, Cao J, Yi N, Tang Z. Development and Validation of a Radiosensitivity Prediction Model for Lower Grade Glioma Based on Spike-and-Slab Lasso. Front Oncol 2021; 11:701500. [PMID: 34395274 PMCID: PMC8363254 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.701500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Lower grade glioma (LGG) is one of the leading causes of death world worldwide. We attempted to develop and validate a radiosensitivity model for predicting the survival of lower grade glioma by using spike-and-slab lasso Cox model. Methods In this research, differentially expressed genes based on tumor microenvironment was obtained to further analysis. Log-rank test was used to identify genes in patients who received radiotherapy and patients who did not receive radiotherapy, respectively. Then, spike-and-slab lasso was performed to select genes in patients who received radiotherapy. Finally, three genes (INA, LEPREL1 and PTCRA) were included in the model. A radiosensitivity-related risk score model was established based on overall rate of TCGA dataset in patients who received radiotherapy. The model was validated in TCGA dataset that PFS as endpoint and two CGGA datasets that OS as endpoint. A novel nomogram integrated risk score with age and tumor grade was developed to predict the OS of LGG patients. Results We developed and verified a radiosensitivity-related risk score model. The radiosensitivity-related risk score is served as an independent prognostic indicator. This radiosensitivity-related risk score model has prognostic prediction ability. Moreover, the nomogram integrated risk score with age and tumor grade was established to perform better for predicting 1, 3, 5-year survival rate. Conclusions This model can be used by clinicians and researchers to predict patient’s survival rates and achieve personalized treatment of LGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Du
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shang Cai
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Derui Yan
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Huijun Li
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xinyan Zhang
- School of Data Science and Analytics, Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, GA, United States
| | - Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianping Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Nengjun Yi
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Zaixiang Tang
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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11
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Prolyl 3-Hydroxylase 2 Is a Molecular Player of Angiogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22083896. [PMID: 33918807 PMCID: PMC8069486 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prolyl 3-hydroxylase 2 (P3H2) catalyzes the post-translational formation of 3-hydroxyproline on collagens, mainly on type IV. Its activity has never been directly associated to angiogenesis. Here, we identified P3H2 gene through a deep-sequencing transcriptome analysis of human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) stimulated with vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A). Differently from many previous studies we carried out the stimulation not on starved HUVECs, but on cells grown to maintain the best condition for their in vitro survival and propagation. We showed that P3H2 is induced by VEGF-A in two primary human endothelial cell lines and that its transcription is modulated by VEGF-A/VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) signaling pathway through p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). Then, we demonstrated that P3H2, through its activity on type IV Collagen, is essential for angiogenesis properties of endothelial cells in vitro by performing experiments of gain- and loss-of-function. Immunofluorescence studies showed that the overexpression of P3H2 induced a more condensed status of Collagen IV, accompanied by an alignment of the cells along the Collagen IV bundles, so towards an evident pro-angiogenic status. Finally, we found that P3H2 knockdown prevents pathological angiogenesis in vivo, in the model of laser-induced choroid neovascularization. Together these findings reveal that P3H2 is a new molecular player involved in new vessels formation and could be considered as a potential target for anti-angiogenesis therapy.
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12
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Variants in FLRT3 and SLC35E2B identified using exome sequencing in seven high myopia families from Central Europe. Adv Med Sci 2021; 66:192-198. [PMID: 33711669 DOI: 10.1016/j.advms.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE High myopia (HM) is an eye disorder with both environmental and genetic factors involved. Many genetic factors responsible for HM were recognized worldwide, but little is known about genetic variants underlying HM in Central Europe. Thus, the aim of this study was to identify rare sequence variants involved in HM in families from Central Europe to better understand the genetic basis of HM. MATERIALS AND METHODS We assessed 17 individuals from 7 unrelated Central European families with hereditary HM using exome sequencing (ES). Segregation of selected variants in other available family members was performed using Sanger sequencing. RESULTS Detected 73 rare variants were selected for verification. We observed 2 missense variants, c.938C>T in SLC35E2B - encoding solute carrier family 35 member E2B, and c.1642G>C in FLRT3 - encoding fibronectin leucine rich transmembrane protein, segregating with HM in one family. CONCLUSIONS FLRT3 and/or SLC35E2B could represent disease candidate genes and identified sequence variants might be responsible for HM in the studied family.
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13
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Salo AM, Myllyharju J. Prolyl and lysyl hydroxylases in collagen synthesis. Exp Dermatol 2020; 30:38-49. [PMID: 32969070 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Collagens are the most abundant proteins in the extracellular matrix. They provide a framework to build organs and tissues and give structural support to make them resistant to mechanical load and forces. Several intra- and extracellular modifications are needed to make functional collagen molecules, intracellular post-translational modifications of proline and lysine residues having key roles in this. In this article, we provide a review on the enzymes responsible for the proline and lysine modifications, that is collagen prolyl 4-hydroxylases, 3-hydroxylases and lysyl hydroxylases, and discuss their biological functions and involvement in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antti M Salo
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Johanna Myllyharju
- Oulu Center for Cell-Matrix Research, Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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14
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Cai XB, Shen SR, Chen DF, Zhang Q, Jin ZB. An overview of myopia genetics. Exp Eye Res 2019; 188:107778. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2019.107778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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15
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Cai XB, Zheng YH, Chen DF, Zhou FY, Xia LQ, Wen XR, Yuan YM, Han F, Piao SY, Zhuang W, Lu F, Qu J, Yu AY, Jin ZB. Expanding the Phenotypic and Genotypic Landscape of Nonsyndromic High Myopia: A Cross-Sectional Study in 731 Chinese Patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 60:4052-4062. [PMID: 31560770 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.19-27921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Bi Cai
- The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, National Center for International Research in Regenerative Medicine and Neurogenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yi-Han Zheng
- The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, National Center for International Research in Regenerative Medicine and Neurogenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou, China
| | - De-Fu Chen
- The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, National Center for International Research in Regenerative Medicine and Neurogenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fang-Yue Zhou
- The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, National Center for International Research in Regenerative Medicine and Neurogenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lu-Qi Xia
- The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, National Center for International Research in Regenerative Medicine and Neurogenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xin-Ran Wen
- The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, National Center for International Research in Regenerative Medicine and Neurogenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yi-Min Yuan
- The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, National Center for International Research in Regenerative Medicine and Neurogenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fang Han
- The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, National Center for International Research in Regenerative Medicine and Neurogenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou, China
| | - Shun-Yu Piao
- Ningxia Medical University, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhuang
- Ningxia Medical University, People's Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Fan Lu
- The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, National Center for International Research in Regenerative Medicine and Neurogenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jia Qu
- The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, National Center for International Research in Regenerative Medicine and Neurogenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou, China
| | - A-Yong Yu
- The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, National Center for International Research in Regenerative Medicine and Neurogenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zi-Bing Jin
- The Eye Hospital, School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, National Center for International Research in Regenerative Medicine and Neurogenetics, National Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology, State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Visual Science, Wenzhou, China
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16
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Wen Y, Zhu C, Li N, Li Z, Cheng Y, Dong J, Zhu M, Wang Y, Dai J, Ma H, Jin G, Dai M, Hu Z, Shen H. Fine Mapping in Chromosome 3q28 Identified Two Variants Associated with Lung Cancer Risk in Asian Population. J Cancer 2019; 10:1862-1869. [PMID: 31205543 PMCID: PMC6547980 DOI: 10.7150/jca.28379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have consistently identified chromosome 3q28 as a lung cancer susceptibility region. To further characterize the potential genetic mechanism of the variants in this region, we conducted a fine-mapping study on chromosome 3q28 region. We performed a target resequencing in 200 lung cancer cases and 300 controls in the screening and followed by validation in multi-ethnic lung cancer GWASs with 12,843 cases and 12,639 controls. For our identified novel variants, we conducted expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) analysis to reveal the potential target genes. Two susceptibility variants were identified (rs4396880: G>A, OR = 0.35, 95%CI: 0.20-0.62, P = 3.01×10-4; and rs3856776: C>T, OR = 2.05, 95%CI: 1.32-3.18, P = 1.49×10-3) and further supported in Asian population (rs4396880: OR = 0.88, P = 7.43×10-6; and rs3856776: OR =1.17, P = 1.64×10-4). The eQTL analysis showed the A allele of rs4396880 was significantly associated with higher mRNA expression of TP63 (P = 1.70×10-4) in lung tissues, while rs3856776 showed significant association with the expression of LEPREL1-AS1 (P = 6.90×10-3), which was the antisense RNA of LEPREL1 and could suppress the translation of LEPREL1. Notably, LEPREL1 was aberrantly downregulated (P = 2.54×10-18) in lung tumor tissues based on TCGA database. In conclusion, this is the first fine-mapping analysis of 3q28 region in Han Chinese, and we found two variants associated with lung cancer susceptibility in Asian population. What's more, rs3856776 was newly identified and might modulate lung cancer susceptibility by suppressing the function of LEPREL1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wen
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chen Zhu
- Zhejiang Provincial Office for Cancer Prevention and Control, Zhejiang Cancer Center/Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou 310004, China
| | - Ni Li
- National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zhihua Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuzhuo Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juncheng Dai
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Guangfu Jin
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Min Dai
- National Cancer Center/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zhibin Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
| | - Hongbing Shen
- Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Jiangsu Key Lab of Cancer Biomarkers, Prevention and Treatment, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Cancer Personalized Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 211166, China
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17
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Pan H, Wu S, Wang J, Zhu T, Li T, Wan B, Liu B, Luo Y, Ma X, Sui R, Wang B. TNFRSF21 mutations cause high myopia. J Med Genet 2019; 56:671-677. [DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2018-105684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundHigh myopia (HM) is one of the leading causes of vision impairment worldwide, accompanied by a series of pathological ocular complications. Studies have shown that genetic factors play an important role in the pathogenesis of HM. The aim of our study is to identify a candidate gene for a large family with non-syndromic HM.MethodsA large Chinese family, including 12 patients with non-syndromic HM, and 220 unrelated patients with HM, were recruited from the Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Three affected subjects from the large family were selected to perform whole exome sequencing (WES). Rare heterozygous variants shared by all three subjects were retained and then Sanger sequencing was used to determine whether any of the remaining variants cosegregated with the disease phenotype. Furthermore, all coding regions of the candidate genes were analysed in 220 unrelated patients with HM. Immunofluorescence assay was used to detect the expression of the candidate gene in the eye. Annexin V/PI staining and flow cytometry were applied to detect cell apoptotic changes.ResultsWES identified a novel TNF receptor superfamily member 21 (TNFRSF21) variant, P146A, in a large Chinese family with HM, and another three rare heterozygous variants (P202L, E240* and A440G) in TNFRSF21 were found in 220 unrelated cases with HM. Immunofluorescence assay indicated that it is strongly expressed in the mouse eye. Compared with the wild type, the P146A variant could significantly increase adult retinal pigment epithelial cell line-19 cell apoptotic levels.ConclusionsVariants in TNFRSF21 cause non-syndromic HM in Chinese population.
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18
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Quantitative proteomic profiling of extracellular matrix and site-specific collagen post-translational modifications in an in vitro model of lung fibrosis. Matrix Biol Plus 2019; 1:100005. [PMID: 33543004 PMCID: PMC7852317 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2019.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung fibrosis is characterized by excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), in particular collagens, by fibroblasts in the interstitium. Transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) alters the expression of many extracellular matrix (ECM) components produced by fibroblasts, but such changes in ECM composition as well as modulation of collagen post-translational modification (PTM) levels have not been comprehensively investigated. Here, we performed mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics analyses to assess changes in the ECM deposited by cultured lung fibroblasts from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) patients upon stimulation with transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1). In addition to the ECM changes commonly associated with lung fibrosis, MS-based label-free quantification revealed profound effects on enzymes involved in ECM crosslinking and turnover as well as multiple positive and negative feedback mechanisms of TGF-β1 signaling. Notably, the ECM changes observed in this in vitro model correlated significantly with ECM changes observed in patient samples. Because collagens are subject to multiple PTMs with major implications in disease, we implemented a new bioinformatic platform to analyze MS data that allows for the comprehensive mapping and site-specific quantitation of collagen PTMs in crude ECM preparations. These analyses yielded a comprehensive map of prolyl and lysyl hydroxylations as well as lysyl glycosylations for 15 collagen chains. In addition, site-specific PTM analysis revealed novel sites of prolyl-3-hydroxylation and lysyl glycosylation in type I collagen. Interestingly, the results show, for the first time, that TGF-β1 can modulate prolyl-3-hydroxylation and glycosylation in a site-specific manner. Taken together, this proof of concept study not only reveals unanticipated TGF-β1 mediated regulation of collagen PTMs and other ECM components but also lays the foundation for dissecting their key roles in health and disease. The proteomic data has been deposited to the ProteomeXchange Consortium via the MassIVE partner repository with the data set identifier MSV000082958. Quantitative proteomics of TGF-β-induced changes in ECM composition and collagen PTM in pulmonary fibroblasts TGF-β promotes crosslinking and turnover as well as complex feedback mechanisms that alter fibroblast ECM homeostasis. A novel bioinformatic workflow for MS data analysis enabled global mapping and quantitation of known and novel collagen PTMs Quantitative assessment of prolyl-3-hydroxylation site occupancy and lysine-O-glycosylation microheterogeneity TGF-β1 modulates collagen PTMs in a site-specific manner that may favor collagen accumulation in lung fibrosis
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Key Words
- 3-HyP, 3-hydroxyproline
- 4-HyP, 4-hydroxyproline
- AGC, automatic gain control
- ANXA11, annexin A11
- BGN, biglycan
- COL1A1, collagen-I alpha 1 chain
- Collagen
- Collagen post-translational modifications
- DCN, decorin
- ECM, extracellular matrix
- Extracellular matrix
- FN1, fibronectin 1
- G-HyK, galactosylhydroxylysine
- GG-HyK, glucosylgalactosylhydroxylysine
- HyK, hydroxylysine
- HyP, hydroxyproline
- ILD, interstitial lung disease
- IPF, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
- LH, lysyl hydroxylase
- LOX(L), lysyl oxidase(-like)
- LTBP2, latent-transforming growth factor β -binding protein 2
- Lysyl glycosylation
- Lysyl hydroxylation
- P3H, prolyl-3-hydroxylase
- P4H, prolyl-4-hydroxylase
- PAI1, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1
- PCA, principal component analysis
- PLOD (LH), procollagen-lysine,2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenases (lysyl hydroxylases)
- PTM, post-translational modification
- Prolyl hydroxylation
- Pulmonary fibrosis
- SEMA7A, semaphorin 7a
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor β
- TGM2, transglutaminase 1
- Transforming growth factor-β
- VCAN, versican
- Xaa, Xaa position in the Gly-Xaa-Yaa repeat in triple-helical collagen
- Yaa, Yaa position in the Gly-Xaa-Yaa repeat in triple-helical collagen
- α-SMA, α-smooth muscle actin
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19
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Liu Y, Lusk CM, Cho MH, Silverman EK, Qiao D, Zhang R, Scheurer ME, Kheradmand F, Wheeler DA, Tsavachidis S, Armstrong G, Zhu D, Wistuba II, Chow CWB, Behrens C, Pikielny CW, Neslund-Dudas C, Pinney SM, Anderson M, Kupert E, Bailey-Wilson J, Gaba C, Mandal D, You M, de Andrade M, Yang P, Field JK, Liloglou T, Davies M, Lissowska J, Swiatkowska B, Zaridze D, Mukeriya A, Janout V, Holcatova I, Mates D, Milosavljevic S, Scelo G, Brennan P, McKay J, Liu G, Hung RJ, Christiani DC, Schwartz AG, Amos CI, Spitz MR. Rare Variants in Known Susceptibility Loci and Their Contribution to Risk of Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2018; 13:1483-1495. [PMID: 29981437 PMCID: PMC6366341 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/17/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies are widely used to map genomic regions contributing to lung cancer (LC) susceptibility, but they typically do not identify the precise disease-causing genes/variants. To unveil the inherited genetic variants that cause LC, we performed focused exome-sequencing analyses on genes located in 121 genome-wide association study-identified loci previously implicated in the risk of LC, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pulmonary function level, and smoking behavior. METHODS Germline DNA from 260 case patients with LC and 318 controls were sequenced by utilizing VCRome 2.1 exome capture. Filtering was based on enrichment of rare and potential deleterious variants in cases (risk alleles) or controls (protective alleles). Allelic association analyses of single-variant and gene-based burden tests of multiple variants were performed. Promising candidates were tested in two independent validation studies with a total of 1773 case patients and 1123 controls. RESULTS We identified 48 rare variants with deleterious effects in the discovery analysis and validated 12 of the 43 candidates that were covered in the validation platforms. The top validated candidates included one well-established truncating variant, namely, BRCA2, DNA repair associated gene (BRCA2) K3326X (OR = 2.36, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.38-3.99), and three newly identified variations, namely, lymphotoxin beta gene (LTB) p.Leu87Phe (OR = 7.52, 95% CI: 1.01-16.56), prolyl 3-hydroxylase 2 gene (P3H2) p.Gln185His (OR = 5.39, 95% CI: 0.75-15.43), and dishevelled associated activator of morphogenesis 2 gene (DAAM2) p.Asp762Gly (OR = 0.25, 95% CI: 0.10-0.79). Burden tests revealed strong associations between zinc finger protein 93 gene (ZNF93), DAAM2, bromodomain containing 9 gene (BRD9), and the gene LTB and LC susceptibility. CONCLUSION Our results extend the catalogue of regions associated with LC and highlight the importance of germline rare coding variants in LC susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Liu
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Christine M. Lusk
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Michael H. Cho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Edwin K. Silverman
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dandi Qiao
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ruyang Zhang
- Harvard University School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael E. Scheurer
- Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Farrah Kheradmand
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center; Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - David A. Wheeler
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Human Genome Sequence Center, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Spiridon Tsavachidis
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Georgina Armstrong
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Dakai Zhu
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ignacio I. Wistuba
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Chi-Wan B. Chow
- Department of Translational Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Carmen Behrens
- Department of Thoracic/Head and Neck Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Claudio W. Pikielny
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, Geisel School of Medicine, Dartmouth College, Lebanon, NH 03755, USA
| | | | - Susan M. Pinney
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Marshall Anderson
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Elena Kupert
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | | | - Colette Gaba
- The University of Toledo College of Medicine, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Diptasri Mandal
- Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Ming You
- Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA
| | | | - Ping Yang
- Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - John K. Field
- Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, The University of Liverpool, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Triantafillos Liloglou
- Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, The University of Liverpool, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Michael Davies
- Roy Castle Lung Cancer Research Programme, The University of Liverpool, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- The M. Sklodowska-Curie Institute of Oncology Center, Warsaw 02781, Poland
| | - Beata Swiatkowska
- Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Lodz 91348, Poland
| | - David Zaridze
- Russian N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Centre, Moscow 115478, Russian Federation
| | - Anush Mukeriya
- Russian N.N. Blokhin Cancer Research Centre, Moscow 115478, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir Janout
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacky University, Olomouc 77515, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Holcatova
- Institute of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Charles University, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Prague 12800, Czech Republic
| | - Dana Mates
- National Institute of Public Health, Bucharest 050463, Romania
| | - Sasa Milosavljevic
- International Organization for Cancer Prevention and Research (IOCPR), Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Paul Brennan
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - James McKay
- International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Geoffrey Liu
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, Toronto, ON, M5G 2M9, Canada
| | - Rayjean J. Hung
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, ON, M5G 1X5 Canada
| | | | | | - Ann G. Schwartz
- Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA
| | - Christopher I Amos
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Institute for Clinical and Translational Research, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Margaret R. Spitz
- Dan L. Duncan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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20
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Ma F, Sun R, Tremmel DM, Sackett SD, Odorico J, Li L. Large-Scale Differentiation and Site Specific Discrimination of Hydroxyproline Isomers by Electron Transfer/Higher-Energy Collision Dissociation (EThcD) Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2018; 90:5857-5864. [PMID: 29624053 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
3- and 4-Hydroxyprolines (HyP) are regioisomers that play different roles in various species and organs. Despite their distinct functions inside cells, they are generally considered indistinguishable using mass spectrometry due to their identical masses. Here, we demonstrate, for the first time, that characteristic w ions can be produced by electron-transfer/higher energy collision dissociation (EThcD) dual fragmentation technique to confidently discriminate 3-HyP/4-HyP isomers. An integrated and high throughput strategy was developed which combined online LC separation with EThcD for large-scale differentiation of 3-HyP/4-HyP in complex samples. An automated algorithm was developed for charge state dependent characterization of 3-HyP/4-HyP isomers. Using this combined discrimination approach, we identified 108 3-HyP sites and 530 4-HyP sites from decellularized pancreas, allowing more than 5-fold increase of both 3-HyP and 4-HyP identifications compared to previous reports. This approach outperformed ETD and HCD in the analysis of HyP-containing peptides with unique capacity to generate w ions for HyP discrimination, improved fragmentation of precursor ions, as well as unambiguous localization of modifications. A high content of 3-HyP was observed in the C-terminal (GPP)n domain of human CO1A1, which was previously only identified in vertebrate fibrillar collagens from tendon. Unexpectedly, some unusual HyP sites at Xaa position in Gly-HyP-Ala, Gly-HyP-Val, Gly-HyP-Gln, Gly-HyP-Ser, and Gly-HyP-Arg were also confirmed to be 3-hydroxylated, whose functions and enzymes are yet to be discovered. Overall, this novel discrimination strategy can be readily implemented into de novo sequencing or other proteomic search engines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengfei Ma
- School of Pharmacy , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53705 , United States
| | - Ruixiang Sun
- Institute of Computing Technology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China
| | - Daniel M Tremmel
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53705 , United States
| | - Sara Dutton Sackett
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53705 , United States
| | - Jon Odorico
- Division of Transplantation, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Public Health , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53705 , United States
| | - Lingjun Li
- School of Pharmacy , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53705 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
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21
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Montgomery NT, Zientek KD, Pokidysheva EN, Bächinger HP. Post-translational modification of type IV collagen with 3-hydroxyproline affects its interactions with glycoprotein VI and nidogens 1 and 2. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:5987-5999. [PMID: 29491144 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.000406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Type IV collagen is a major component of the basement membrane and interacts with numerous other basement membrane proteins. Many of these interactions are poorly characterized. Type IV collagen is abundantly post-translationally modified with 3-hydroxyproline (3-Hyp), but 3-Hyp's biochemical role in type IV collagen's interactions with other proteins is not well established. In this work, we present binding data consistent with a major role of 3-Hyp in interactions of collagen IV with glycoprotein VI and nidogens 1 and 2. The increased binding interaction between type IV collagen without 3-Hyp and glycoprotein VI has been the subject of some controversy, which we sought to explore, whereas the lack of binding of nidogens to type IV collagen without 3-Hyp is novel. Using tandem MS, we show that the putative glycoprotein VI-binding site is 3-Hyp-modified in WT PFHR-9 type IV collagen, but not in PFHR-9 cells in which prolyl-3-hydroxylase 2 (P3H2) has been knocked out (KO). Moreover, we observed altered 3-Hyp occupancy across many other sites. Using amino acid analysis of type IV collagen from the WT and P3H2 KO cell lines, we confirm that P3H2 is the major, but not the only 3-Hyp-modifying enzyme of type IV collagen. These findings underscore the importance of post-translational modifications of type IV collagen for interactions with other proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan T Montgomery
- From the Research Department, Shriners Hospital for Children, Portland, Oregon 97239.,the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, and
| | - Keith D Zientek
- From the Research Department, Shriners Hospital for Children, Portland, Oregon 97239
| | - Elena N Pokidysheva
- the Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Hans Peter Bächinger
- From the Research Department, Shriners Hospital for Children, Portland, Oregon 97239, .,the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97239, and
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22
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Kloss BA, Tompson SW, Whisenhunt KN, Quow KL, Huang SJ, Pavelec DM, Rosenberg T, Young TL. Exome Sequence Analysis of 14 Families With High Myopia. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2017; 58:1982-1990. [PMID: 28384719 PMCID: PMC5382835 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.16-20883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To identify causal gene mutations in 14 families with autosomal dominant (AD) high myopia using exome sequencing. Methods Select individuals from 14 large Caucasian families with high myopia were exome sequenced. Gene variants were filtered to identify potential pathogenic changes. Sanger sequencing was used to confirm variants in original DNA, and to test for disease cosegregation in additional family members. Candidate genes and chromosomal loci previously associated with myopic refractive error and its endophenotypes were comprehensively screened. Results In 14 high myopia families, we identified 73 rare and 31 novel gene variants as candidates for pathogenicity. In seven of these families, two of the novel and eight of the rare variants were within known myopia loci. A total of 104 heterozygous nonsynonymous rare variants in 104 genes were identified in 10 out of 14 probands. Each variant cosegregated with affection status. No rare variants were identified in genes known to cause myopia or in genes closest to published genome-wide association study association signals for refractive error or its endophenotypes. Conclusions Whole exome sequencing was performed to determine gene variants implicated in the pathogenesis of AD high myopia. This study provides new genes for consideration in the pathogenesis of high myopia, and may aid in the development of genetic profiling of those at greatest risk for attendant ocular morbidities of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bethany A Kloss
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Stuart W Tompson
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Kristina N Whisenhunt
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Krystina L Quow
- Center for Human Genetics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Samuel J Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Derek M Pavelec
- Biotechnology Center, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Thomas Rosenberg
- The National Eye Clinic, Rigshospitalet, Kennedy Center, Glostrup, Denmark 5Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Terri L Young
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
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23
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Hudson DM, Garibov M, Dixon DR, Popowics T, Eyre DR. Distinct post-translational features of type I collagen are conserved in mouse and human periodontal ligament. J Periodontal Res 2017. [PMID: 28631261 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Specifics of the biochemical pathways that modulate collagen cross-links in the periodontal ligament (PDL) are not fully defined. Better knowledge of the collagen post-translational modifications that give PDL its distinct tissue properties is needed to understand the pathogenic mechanisms of human PDL destruction in periodontal disease. In this study, the post-translational phenotypes of human and mouse PDL type I collagen were surveyed using mass spectrometry. PDL is a highly specialized connective tissue that joins tooth cementum to alveolar bone. The main function of the PDL is to support the tooth within the alveolar bone while under occlusal load after tooth eruption. Almost half of the adult population in the USA has periodontal disease resulting from inflammatory destruction of the PDL, leading to tooth loss. Interestingly, PDL is unique from other ligamentous connective tissues as it has a high rate of turnover. Rapid turnover is believed to be an important characteristic for this specialized ligament to function within the oral-microbial environment. Like other ligaments, PDL is composed predominantly of type I collagen. Collagen synthesis is a complex process with multiple steps and numerous post-translational modifications including hydroxylation, glycosylation and cross-linking. The chemistry, placement and quantity of intermolecular cross-links are believed to be important regulators of tissue-specific structural and mechanical properties of collagens. MATERIAL AND METHODS Type I collagen was isolated from several mouse and human tissues, including PDL, and analyzed by mass spectrometry for post-translational variances. RESULTS The collagen telopeptide cross-linking lysines of PDL were found to be partially hydroxylated in human and mouse, as well as in other types of ligament. However, the degree of hydroxylation and glycosylation at the helical Lys87 cross-linking residue varied across species and between ligaments. These data suggest that different types of ligament collagen, notably PDL, appear to have evolved distinctive lysine/hydroxylysine cross-linking variations. Another distinguishing feature of PDL collagen is that, unlike other ligaments, it lacks any of the known prolyl 3-hydroxylase 2-catalyzed 3-hydroxyproline site modifications that characterize tendon and ligament collagens. This gives PDL a novel modification profile, with hybrid features of both ligament and skin collagens. CONCLUSION This distinctive post-translational phenotype may be relevant for understanding why some individuals are at risk of rapid PDL destruction in periodontal disease and warrants further investigation. In addition, developing a murine model for studying PDL collagen may be useful for exploring potential clinical strategies for promoting PDL regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Hudson
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - M Garibov
- Department of Periodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - D R Dixon
- Department of Periodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - T Popowics
- Department of Oral Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - D R Eyre
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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24
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Mutational screening of SLC39A5, LEPREL1 and LRPAP1 in a cohort of 187 high myopia patients. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1120. [PMID: 28442722 PMCID: PMC5430800 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-01285-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
High myopia (HM) is a leading cause of mid-way blindness with a high heritability in East Asia. Although only a few disease genes have been reported, a small proportion of patients could be identified with genetic predispositions. In order to expand the mutation spectrum of the causative genes in Chinese adult population, we investigated three genes, SLC39A5, LEPREL1 and LRPAP1, in a cohort of 187 independent Chinese patients with high myopia. Sanger sequencing was used to find possible pathogenic mutations, which were further screened in normal controls. After a pipeline of database and predictive assessments filtering, we, thereby, identified totally seven heterozygous mutations in the three genes. Among them, three novel missense mutations, c.860C > T, p.Pro287Leu and c.956G > C, p.Arg319Thr in SLC39A5, c.1982A > G, p.Lys661Arg in LEPREL1, were identified as potentially causative mutations. Additionally, the two heterozygous mutations (c.1582G > A, p.Ala528Thr; c.1982A > G, p.Lys661Arg) in one patient in LEPREL1 gene were reported in this study. Our findings will not only augment the mutation spectrum of these three genes, but also provide insights of the contribution of these genes to adult high myopia in Chinese. However, further studies are still needed to address the pathogenicity of each of the mutations reported in this study.
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25
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Trio-based exome sequencing arrests de novo mutations in early-onset high myopia. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:4219-4224. [PMID: 28373534 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1615970114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The etiology of the highly myopic condition has been unclear for decades. We investigated the genetic contributions to early-onset high myopia (EOHM), which is defined as having a refraction of less than or equal to -6 diopters before the age of 6, when children are less likely to be exposed to high educational pressures. Trios (two nonmyopic parents and one child) were examined to uncover pathogenic mutations using whole-exome sequencing. We identified parent-transmitted biallelic mutations or de novo mutations in as-yet-unknown or reported genes in 16 probands. Interestingly, an increased rate of de novo mutations was identified in the EOHM patients. Among the newly identified candidate genes, a BSG mutation was identified in one EOHM proband. Expanded screening of 1,040 patients found an additional four mutations in the same gene. Then, we generated Bsg mutant mice to further elucidate the functional impact of this gene and observed typical myopic phenotypes, including an elongated axial length. Using a trio-based exonic screening study in EOHM, we deciphered a prominent role for de novo mutations in EOHM patients without myopic parents. The discovery of a disease gene, BSG, provides insights into myopic development and its etiology, which expands our current understanding of high myopia and might be useful for future treatment and prevention.
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26
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Hudson DM, Weis M, Rai J, Joeng KS, Dimori M, Lee BH, Morello R, Eyre DR. P3h3-null and Sc65-null Mice Phenocopy the Collagen Lysine Under-hydroxylation and Cross-linking Abnormality of Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Type VIA. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:3877-3887. [PMID: 28115524 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.762245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2016] [Revised: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tandem mass spectrometry was applied to tissues from targeted mutant mouse models to explore the collagen substrate specificities of individual members of the prolyl 3-hydroxylase (P3H) gene family. Previous studies revealed that P3h1 preferentially 3-hydroxylates proline at a single site in collagen type I chains, whereas P3h2 is responsible for 3-hydroxylating multiple proline sites in collagen types I, II, IV, and V. In screening for collagen substrate sites for the remaining members of the vertebrate P3H family, P3h3 and Sc65 knock-out mice revealed a common lysine under-hydroxylation effect at helical domain cross-linking sites in skin, bone, tendon, aorta, and cornea. No effect on prolyl 3-hydroxylation was evident on screening the spectrum of known 3-hydroxyproline sites from all major tissue collagen types. However, collagen type I extracted from both Sc65-/- and P3h3-/- skin revealed the same abnormal chain pattern on SDS-PAGE with an overabundance of a γ112 cross-linked trimer. The latter proved to be from native molecules that had intramolecular aldol cross-links at each end. The lysine under-hydroxylation was shown to alter the divalent aldimine cross-link chemistry of mutant skin collagen. Furthermore, the ratio of mature HP/LP cross-links in bone of both P3h3-/- and Sc65-/- mice was reversed compared with wild type, consistent with the level of lysine under-hydroxylation seen in individual chains at cross-linking sites. The effect on cross-linking lysines was quantitatively very similar to that previously observed in EDS VIA human and Plod1-/- mouse tissues, suggesting that P3H3 and/or SC65 mutations may cause as yet undefined EDS variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Hudson
- From the Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195,
| | - MaryAnn Weis
- From the Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Jyoti Rai
- From the Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Kyu Sang Joeng
- the Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, and
| | - Milena Dimori
- the Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - Brendan H Lee
- the Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, and
| | - Roy Morello
- the Department of Physiology & Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205
| | - David R Eyre
- From the Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
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27
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Tian Q, Li Y, Kousar R, Guo H, Peng F, Zheng Y, Yang X, Long Z, Tian R, Xia K, Lin H, Pan Q. A novel NHS mutation causes Nance-Horan Syndrome in a Chinese family. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2017; 18:2. [PMID: 28061824 PMCID: PMC5219716 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-016-0360-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Nance-Horan Syndrome (NHS) (OMIM: 302350) is a rare X-linked developmental disorder characterized by bilateral congenital cataracts, with occasional dental anomalies, characteristic dysmorphic features, brachymetacarpia and mental retardation. Carrier females exhibit similar manifestations that are less severe than in affected males. Methods Here, we report a four-generation Chinese family with multiple affected individuals presenting Nance-Horan Syndrome. Whole-exome sequencing combined with RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing was used to search for a genetic cause underlying the disease phenotype. Results Whole-exome sequencing identified in all affected individuals of the family a novel donor splicing site mutation (NM_198270: c.1045 + 2T > A) in intron 4 of the gene NHS, which maps to chromosome Xp22.13. The identified mutation results in an RNA processing defect causing a 416-nucleotide addition to exon 4 of the mRNA transcript, likely producing a truncated NHS protein. Conclusions The donor splicing site mutation NM_198270: c.1045 + 2T > A of the NHS gene is the causative mutation in this Nance-Horan Syndrome family. This research broadens the spectrum of NHS gene mutations, contributing to our understanding of the molecular genetics of NHS. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12881-016-0360-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics & School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yunping Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Rizwana Kousar
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics & School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Biology, Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Hui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics & School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fenglan Peng
- ChangSha Health Vocational Collage, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics & School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaohua Yang
- Shenzhen Baoan District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhigao Long
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics & School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Runyi Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics & School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kun Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics & School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Haiying Lin
- Shenzhen Baoan District Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
| | - Qian Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics & School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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28
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Jiang B, Chen Y, Xu B, Hong N, Liu R, Qi M, Shen L. Identification of a novel missense mutation of MIP in a Chinese family with congenital cataracts by target region capture sequencing. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40129. [PMID: 28059152 PMCID: PMC5216388 DOI: 10.1038/srep40129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital cataract is both clinically diverse and genetically heterogeneous. To investigate the underlying genetic defect in three-generations of a Chinese family with autosomal dominant congenital cataracts, we recruited family members who underwent comprehensive ophthalmic examinations. A heterozygous missense mutation c.634G > C (p.G212R) substitution was identified in the MIP gene through target region capture sequencing. The prediction results of PolyPhen-2 and SIFT indicated that this mutation was likely to damage the structure and function of MIP. Confocal microscopy images showed that the intensity of the green fluorescent signal revealed much weaker signal from the mutant compared to the wild-type MIP. The expressed G212R-MIP was diminished and almost exclusively cytoplasmic in the HeLa cells; whereas the WT-MIP was stable dispersed throughout the cytoplasm, and it appeared to be in the membrane structure. Western blot analysis indicated that the protein expression level of the mutant form of MIP was remarkably reduced compared with that of the wild type, however, the mRNA levels of the wild-type and mutant cells were comparable. In conclusion, our study presented genetic and functional evidence for a novel MIP mutation of G212R, which leads to congenital progressive cortical punctate with or without Y suture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Jiang
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanhua Chen
- BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.,School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.,Casey Eye Institute Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Baisheng Xu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nan Hong
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Rongrong Liu
- Division of Hematology-oncology, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ming Qi
- Department of Cell Biology and Medical Genetics, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Centre, Rochester, New York, USA
| | - Liping Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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29
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Gjaltema RAF, Bank RA. Molecular insights into prolyl and lysyl hydroxylation of fibrillar collagens in health and disease. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 52:74-95. [PMID: 28006962 DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2016.1269716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Collagen is a macromolecule that has versatile roles in physiology, ranging from structural support to mediating cell signaling. Formation of mature collagen fibrils out of procollagen α-chains requires a variety of enzymes and chaperones in a complex process spanning both intracellular and extracellular post-translational modifications. These processes include modifications of amino acids, folding of procollagen α-chains into a triple-helical configuration and subsequent stabilization, facilitation of transportation out of the cell, cleavage of propeptides, aggregation, cross-link formation, and finally the formation of mature fibrils. Disruption of any of the proteins involved in these biosynthesis steps potentially result in a variety of connective tissue diseases because of a destabilized extracellular matrix. In this review, we give a revised overview of the enzymes and chaperones currently known to be relevant to the conversion of lysine and proline into hydroxyproline and hydroxylysine, respectively, and the O-glycosylation of hydroxylysine and give insights into the consequences when these steps are disrupted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rutger A F Gjaltema
- a MATRIX Research Group, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology , University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
| | - Ruud A Bank
- a MATRIX Research Group, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology , University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen , Groningen , the Netherlands
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30
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Abstract
Myopia is a major cause of visual impairment worldwide. In particular, high myopia is associated with serious blinding complications, including retinal detachment, chorioretinal degeneration, and choroidal neovascularization. Myopia is multifactorial in etiology, resulting from the interaction of environmental and genetic risk factors. During the past 2 decades, a large number of gene loci and variants have been identified for myopia. There are more than 20 myopia-associated loci spanning all chromosomes. Earlier findings were obtained mainly from family linkage analyses and candidate gene studies, and more recent results are principally from genome-wide association studies and exome sequencing. Some genetic associations have been successfully validated and replicated in populations of different geographic localities and ethnicities, but some have not. Compared with Whites, Asian populations-in particular Japanese, Korean, and Chinese-have a much higher prevalence of myopia, especially high myopia. Both genetic and environmental factors contribute to such ethnic variations. This review attempts to summarize and compare the allelic frequencies of gene variants known to be associated with myopia in different ethnic groups, especially in the Asia-Pacific region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Song Rong
- From the *Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong; and †Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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31
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Fan Q, Guo X, Tideman JWL, Williams KM, Yazar S, Hosseini SM, Howe LD, Pourcain BS, Evans DM, Timpson NJ, McMahon G, Hysi PG, Krapohl E, Wang YX, Jonas JB, Baird PN, Wang JJ, Cheng CY, Teo YY, Wong TY, Ding X, Wojciechowski R, Young TL, Pärssinen O, Oexle K, Pfeiffer N, Bailey-Wilson JE, Paterson AD, Klaver CCW, Plomin R, Hammond CJ, Mackey DA, He M, Saw SM, Williams C, Guggenheim JA. Childhood gene-environment interactions and age-dependent effects of genetic variants associated with refractive error and myopia: The CREAM Consortium. Sci Rep 2016; 6:25853. [PMID: 27174397 PMCID: PMC4865831 DOI: 10.1038/srep25853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Myopia, currently at epidemic levels in East Asia, is a leading cause of untreatable visual impairment. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in adults have identified 39 loci associated with refractive error and myopia. Here, the age-of-onset of association between genetic variants at these 39 loci and refractive error was investigated in 5200 children assessed longitudinally across ages 7-15 years, along with gene-environment interactions involving the major environmental risk-factors, nearwork and time outdoors. Specific variants could be categorized as showing evidence of: (a) early-onset effects remaining stable through childhood, (b) early-onset effects that progressed further with increasing age, or (c) onset later in childhood (N = 10, 5 and 11 variants, respectively). A genetic risk score (GRS) for all 39 variants explained 0.6% (P = 6.6E-08) and 2.3% (P = 6.9E-21) of the variance in refractive error at ages 7 and 15, respectively, supporting increased effects from these genetic variants at older ages. Replication in multi-ancestry samples (combined N = 5599) yielded evidence of childhood onset for 6 of 12 variants present in both Asians and Europeans. There was no indication that variant or GRS effects altered depending on time outdoors, however 5 variants showed nominal evidence of interactions with nearwork (top variant, rs7829127 in ZMAT4; P = 6.3E-04).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Fan
- Centre for Quantitative Medicine, Duke-NUS Medial School,
Singapore
| | - Xiaobo Guo
- Department of Statistical Science, School of Mathematics
& Computational Science, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou,
China
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic
Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - J. Willem L. Tideman
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center,
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center,
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Katie M. Williams
- Department of Ophthalmology, King’s College London,
St Thomas’ Hospital campus, London, UK
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology,
King’s College London School of Medicine, London,
UK
| | - Seyhan Yazar
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Lions Eye
Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth,
Australia
| | - S. Mohsen Hosseini
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children
and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Laura D. Howe
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of
Bristol, Bristol, UK
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of
Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Beaté St Pourcain
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of
Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Wundtlaan 1,
6525 XD Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - David M. Evans
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of
Bristol, Bristol, UK
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, Translational
Research Institute, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Nicholas J. Timpson
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of
Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - George McMahon
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of
Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Pirro G. Hysi
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology,
King’s College London School of Medicine, London,
UK
| | - Eva Krapohl
- MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre,
Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s
College London, London, UK
| | - Ya Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital,
Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab,
Beijing, China
| | - Jost B. Jonas
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital,
Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab,
Beijing, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim,
Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Paul Nigel Baird
- Centre for Eye Research Australia (CERA), University of
Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria,
Australia
| | - Jie Jin Wang
- Centre for Eye Research Australia (CERA), University of
Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria,
Australia
- Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and
Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney,
Australia
| | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Department of Ophthalmology, National University Health
Systems, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye
Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yik-Ying Teo
- Department of Statistics and Applied Probability, National
University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University
Health Systems, National University of Singapore, Singapore,
Singapore
| | - Tien-Yin Wong
- Department of Ophthalmology, National University Health
Systems, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye
Centre, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Xiaohu Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic
Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Robert Wojciechowski
- Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human
Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD,
USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of
Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine,
Baltimore, MD
| | - Terri L. Young
- Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of
Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical
School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Olavi Pärssinen
- Department of Health Sciences and Gerontology Research Center,
University of Jyväskylä,
Jyväskylä, Finland
- Department of Ophthalmology, Central Hospital of Central
Finland, Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Konrad Oexle
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University Munich,
Munich, Germany
| | - Norbert Pfeiffer
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center
Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Joan E. Bailey-Wilson
- Computational and Statistical Genomics Branch, National Human
Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD,
USA
| | - Andrew D. Paterson
- Genetics and Genome Biology Program, Hospital for Sick Children
and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Caroline C. W. Klaver
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center,
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus Medical Center,
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert Plomin
- MRC Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre,
Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King’s
College London, London, UK
| | - Christopher J. Hammond
- Department of Ophthalmology, King’s College London,
St Thomas’ Hospital campus, London, UK
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology,
King’s College London School of Medicine, London,
UK
| | - David A. Mackey
- Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Lions Eye
Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth,
Australia
- Centre for Eye Research Australia (CERA), University of
Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria,
Australia
| | - Mingguang He
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic
Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Centre for Eye Research Australia (CERA), University of
Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria,
Australia
| | - Seang-Mei Saw
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore National Eye
Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University
Health Systems, National University of Singapore, Singapore,
Singapore
| | - Cathy Williams
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of
Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Taga Y, Kusubata M, Ogawa-Goto K, Hattori S. Developmental Stage-dependent Regulation of Prolyl 3-Hydroxylation in Tendon Type I Collagen. J Biol Chem 2015; 291:837-47. [PMID: 26567337 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.686105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
3-Hydroxyproline (3-Hyp), which is unique to collagen, is a fairly rare post-translational modification. Recent studies have suggested a function of prolyl 3-hydroxylation in fibril assembly and its relationships with certain disorders, including recessive osteogenesis imperfecta and high myopia. However, no direct evidence for the physiological and pathological roles of 3-Hyp has been presented. In this study, we first estimated the overall alterations in prolyl hydroxylation in collagens purified from skin, bone, and tail tendon of 0.5-18-month-old rats by LC-MS analysis with stable isotope-labeled collagen, which was recently developed as an internal standard for highly accurate collagen analyses. 3-Hyp was found to significantly increase in tendon collagen until 3 months after birth and then remain constant, whereas increased prolyl 3-hydroxylation was not observed in skin and bone collagen. Site-specific analysis further revealed that 3-Hyp was increased in tendon type I collagen in a specific sequence region, including a previously known modification site at Pro(707) and newly identified sites at Pro(716) and Pro(719), at the early ages. The site-specific alterations in prolyl 3-hydroxylation with aging were also observed in bovine Achilles tendon. We postulate that significant increases in 3-Hyp at the consecutive modification sites are correlated with tissue development in tendon. The present findings suggest that prolyl 3-hydroxylation incrementally regulates collagen fibril diameter in tendon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Taga
- From the Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Masashi Kusubata
- From the Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Ogawa-Goto
- From the Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
| | - Shunji Hattori
- From the Nippi Research Institute of Biomatrix, Toride, Ibaraki 302-0017, Japan
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Murdoch AD, Hardingham TE, Eyre DR, Fernandes RJ. The development of a mature collagen network in cartilage from human bone marrow stem cells in Transwell culture. Matrix Biol 2015; 50:16-26. [PMID: 26523516 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Damaged hyaline cartilage shows a limited capacity for innate repair. Potential sources of cells to augment the clinical repair of cartilage defects include autologous chondrocytes and mesenchymal stem cells. We have reported that culture of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells with specific growth and differentiation factors as shallow multilayers on Transwell permeable membranes provided ideal conditions for chondrogenesis. Rigid translucent cartilaginous disks formed and expressed cartilage-specific structural proteins aggrecan and type II collagen. We report here the analysis of the collagen network assembled in these cartilage constructs and identify key features of the network as it became mature during 28 days of culture. The type II collagen was co-polymerized with types XI and IX collagens in a fibrillar network stabilized by hydroxylysyl pyridinoline cross-links as in epiphyseal and hyaline cartilages. Tandem ion-trap mass-spectrometry identified 3-hydroxylation of Proline 986 and Proline 944 of the α1(II) chains, a post-translational feature of human epiphyseal cartilage type II collagen. The formation of a type II collagen based hydroxy-lysyl pyridinoline cross-linked network typical of cartilage in 28 days shows that the Transwell system not only produces, secretes and assembles cartilage collagens, but also provides all the extracellular mechanisms to modify and generate covalent cross-links that determine a robust collagen network. This organized assembly explains the stiff, flexible nature of the cartilage constructs developed from hMSCs in this culture system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan D Murdoch
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Timothy E Hardingham
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - David R Eyre
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
| | - Russell J Fernandes
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America.
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Zhang Q. Genetics of Refraction and Myopia. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2015; 134:269-79. [PMID: 26310160 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Both genetic and environmental factors play roles in the development of refractive errors. Identification of genes involved in refractive errors may help in elucidating the underlying molecular mechanism related to both genetic defects and environmental pressure. Recent development of techniques for genome wide analysis provides unique opportunity in dissecting the genetic basis related to refractive errors. This chapter tries to give a brief overview on the recent progress of genetic study of refractive errors, especially myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjiong Zhang
- State Key Lab of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.
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35
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Guo H, Tong P, Liu Y, Xia L, Wang T, Tian Q, Li Y, Hu Y, Zheng Y, Jin X, Li Y, Xiong W, Tang B, Feng Y, Li J, Pan Q, Hu Z, Xia K. Mutations of P4HA2 encoding prolyl 4-hydroxylase 2 are associated with nonsyndromic high myopia. Genet Med 2015; 17:300-6. [PMID: 25741866 DOI: 10.1038/gim.2015.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE High myopia is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide, with high heritability. However, only a few causative genes have been identified, and the pathogenesis is still unclear. Our aim was to identify a novel causative gene in a family with autosomal-dominant, nonsyndromic high myopia. METHODS Whole-genome linkage and whole-exome sequencing were conducted on the family. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunoblotting were applied to test the functional consequence of the candidate mutation. Sanger sequencing was performed to screen for the candidate gene in other families or sporadic cases. RESULTS A heterozygous missense mutation, c.871G>A (p.Glu291Lys), within P4HA2 was cosegregating with the phenotype in the family. The segregating mutation caused premature degradation of unstable messenger RNA. Subsequent screening for P4HA2 in 186 cases identified an additional four mutations in 5 cases, including the frameshift mutation c.1349_1350delGT (p.Arg451Glyfs*8), the nonsense mutation c.1327A>G (p.Lys443*), and two deleterious missense mutations, c.419A>G (p.Gln140Arg) and c.448A>G (p.Ile150Val). The missense mutation c.419A>G (p.Gln140Arg) was recurrently identified in a sporadic case and was segregating in a three-generation family. CONCLUSION P4HA2 was identified as a novel causative gene for nonsyndromic high myopia. This study also indicated that the disruption of posttranslational modifications of collagen is an important factor in the pathogenesis of high myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ping Tong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yanling Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lu Xia
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Tianyun Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Tian
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yiqiao Hu
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuemin Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yunping Li
- 1] The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China [2] Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Beisha Tang
- The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Feng
- The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jiada Li
- 1] The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China [2] College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Xinjiang, China
| | - Qian Pan
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhengmao Hu
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kun Xia
- 1] The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China [2] College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Xinjiang, China [3] Key Laboratory of Medical Information Research, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Hudson DM, Joeng KS, Werther R, Rajagopal A, Weis M, Lee BH, Eyre DR. Post-translationally abnormal collagens of prolyl 3-hydroxylase-2 null mice offer a pathobiological mechanism for the high myopia linked to human LEPREL1 mutations. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:8613-22. [PMID: 25645914 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.634915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Myopia, the leading cause of visual impairment worldwide, results from an increase in the axial length of the eyeball. Mutations in LEPREL1, the gene encoding prolyl 3-hydroxylase-2 (P3H2), have recently been identified in individuals with recessively inherited nonsyndromic severe myopia. P3H2 is a member of a family of genes that includes three isoenzymes of prolyl 3-hydroxylase (P3H), P3H1, P3H2, and P3H3. Fundamentally, it is understood that P3H1 is responsible for converting proline to 3-hydroxyproline. This limited additional knowledge also suggests that each isoenzyme has evolved different collagen sequence-preferred substrate specificities. In this study, differences in prolyl 3-hydroxylation were screened in eye tissues from P3h2-null (P3h2(n/n)) and wild-type mice to seek tissue-specific effects due the lack of P3H2 activity on post-translational collagen chemistry that could explain myopia. The mice were viable and had no gross musculoskeletal phenotypes. Tissues from sclera and cornea (type I collagen) and lens capsule (type IV collagen) were dissected from mouse eyes, and multiple sites of prolyl 3-hydroxylation were identified by mass spectrometry. The level of prolyl 3-hydroxylation at multiple substrate sites from type I collagen chains was high in sclera, similar to tendon. Almost every known site of prolyl 3-hydroxylation in types I and IV collagen from P3h2(n/n) mouse eye tissues was significantly under-hydroxylated compared with their wild-type littermates. We conclude that altered collagen prolyl 3-hydroxylation is caused by loss of P3H2. We hypothesize that this leads to structural abnormalities in multiple eye tissues, but particularly sclera, causing progressive myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Hudson
- From the Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 and
| | - Kyu Sang Joeng
- the Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - Rachel Werther
- From the Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 and
| | - Abbhirami Rajagopal
- the Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - MaryAnn Weis
- From the Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 and
| | - Brendan H Lee
- the Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030
| | - David R Eyre
- From the Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195 and
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37
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Mao M, Alavi MV, Labelle-Dumais C, Gould DB. Type IV Collagens and Basement Membrane Diseases. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2015; 76:61-116. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2015.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Guo H, Jin X, Zhu T, Wang T, Tong P, Tian L, Peng Y, Sun L, Wan A, Chen J, Liu Y, Li Y, Tian Q, Xia L, Zhang L, Pan Y, Lu L, Liu Q, Shen L, Li Y, Xiong W, Li J, Tang B, Feng Y, Zhang X, Zhang Z, Pan Q, Hu Z, Xia K. SLC39A5 mutations interfering with the BMP/TGF-β pathway in non-syndromic high myopia. J Med Genet 2014; 51:518-25. [PMID: 24891338 PMCID: PMC4112430 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2014-102351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background High myopia, with the characteristic feature of refractive error, is one of the leading causes of blindness worldwide. It has a high heritability, but only a few causative genes have been identified and the pathogenesis is still unclear. Methods We used whole genome linkage and exome sequencing to identify the causative mutation in a non-syndromic high myopia family. Direct Sanger sequencing was used to screen the candidate gene in additional sporadic cases or probands. Immunofluorescence was used to evaluate the expression pattern of the candidate gene in the whole process of eye development. Real-time quantitative PCR and immunoblot was used to investigate the functional consequence of the disease-associated mutations. Results We identified a nonsense mutation (c.141C>G:p.Y47*) in SLC39A5 co-segregating with the phenotype in a non-syndromic severe high myopia family. The same nonsense mutation (c.141C>G:p.Y47*) was detected in a sporadic case and a missense mutation (c.911T>C:p.M304T) was identified and co-segregated in another family by screening additional cases. Both disease-associated mutations were not found in 1276 control individuals. SLC39A5 was abundantly expressed in the sclera and retina across different stages of eye development. Furthermore, we found that wild-type, but not disease-associated SLC39A5 inhibited the expression of Smadl, a key phosphate protein in the downstream of the BMP/TGF-β (bone morphogenic protein/transforming growth factor-β) pathway. Conclusions Our study reveals that loss-of-function mutations of SLC39A5 are associated with the autosome dominant non-syndromic high myopia, and interference with the BMP/TGF-β pathway may be one of the molecular mechanisms for high myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Guo
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xuemin Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Tengfei Zhu
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Tianyun Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ping Tong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lei Tian
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yu Peng
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liangdan Sun
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Anran Wan
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jingjing Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanling Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qi Tian
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lu Xia
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lusi Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yongcheng Pan
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lina Lu
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiong Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lu Shen
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yunping Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jiada Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Beisha Tang
- The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong Feng
- The Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Dermatology, No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Zhuohua Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Pan
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhengmao Hu
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Kun Xia
- The State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China Key Laboratory of Medical Information Research, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Aboobakar IF, Allingham RR. Developments in Ocular Genetics: 2013 Annual Review. Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila) 2014; 3:181-93. [PMID: 25097799 PMCID: PMC4119463 DOI: 10.1097/apo.0000000000000063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To highlight major advancements in ocular genetics from the year 2013. DESIGN Literature review. METHODS A literature search was conducted on PubMed to identify articles pertaining to genetic influences on human eye diseases. This review focuses on manuscripts published in print or online in the English language between January 1, 2013 and December 31, 2013. A total of 120 papers from 2013 were included in this review. RESULTS Significant progress has been made in our understanding of the genetic basis of a broad group of ocular disorders, including glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, cataract, diabetic retinopathy, keratoconus, Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy, and refractive error. CONCLUSIONS The latest next-generation sequencing technologies have become extremely effective tools for identifying gene mutations associated with ocular disease. These technological advancements have also paved the way for utilization of genetic information in clinical practice, including disease diagnosis, prediction of treatment response and molecular interventions guided by gene-based knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inas F Aboobakar
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - R Rand Allingham
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
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Physiopathologie de la myopie, entre hérédité et environnement. J Fr Ophtalmol 2014; 37:407-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2014.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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