1
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Rocha BS, Logez M, Jamoneau A, Argillier C. Assessing resilience and sensitivity patterns for fish and phytoplankton in French lakes. Glob Ecol Conserv 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2023.e02458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
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2
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Moyes F, Trindade-Santos I, Magurran AE. Temporal change in functional rarity in marine fish assemblages. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20222273. [PMID: 36809807 PMCID: PMC9943642 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.2273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent research has uncovered rapid compositional and structural reorganization of ecological assemblages, with these changes particularly evident in marine ecosystems. However, the extent to which these ongoing changes in taxonomic diversity are a proxy for change in functional diversity is not well understood. Here we focus on trends in rarity to ask how taxonomic rarity and functional rarity covary over time. Our analysis, drawing on 30 years of scientific trawl data, reveals that the direction of temporal shifts in taxonomic rarity in two Scottish marine ecosystems is consistent with a null model of change in assemblage size (i.e. change in numbers of species and/or individuals). In both cases, however, functional rarity increases, as assemblages become larger, rather than showing the expected decrease. These results underline the importance of measuring both taxonomic and functional dimensions of diversity when assessing and interpreting biodiversity change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faye Moyes
- Centre for Biological Diversity, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TH, UK
| | - Isaac Trindade-Santos
- Centre for Biological Diversity, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TH, UK.,Marine Macroevolution Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1, Tancha, Onna-son, Kunigamigun, 904-0495, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Anne E Magurran
- Centre for Biological Diversity, School of Biology, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9TH, UK
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3
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Sobczyk R, Serigstad B, Pabis K. High polychaete diversity in the Gulf of Guinea (West African continental margin): The influence of local and intermediate scale ecological factors on a background of regional patterns. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 859:160046. [PMID: 36356769 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The Tropical East Atlantic is one of the least studied areas in the world's oceans, and thus a blank spot on the map of marine studies. Shaped by dynamic currents and shifting water masses, it is a key region in discussions about marine ecology, biodiversity, and zoogeography, while facing numerous, poorly understood, and unmonitored threats associated with climate change, acidification, and pollution. Polychaete diversity was assessed along four transects along the Ghana coast, from shallow to deep bottoms and distributed along the whole upwelling marine ecoregion. Despite high sampling effort, steep species accumulation curves demonstrated the necessity of further sampling in the region. We observed zonation of fauna by depth, and a decrease in species richness from 25 m to 1000 m depth. Polychaete communities were influenced by sediment type, presence of oxygen minimum zones, and local disturbances caused by elevated barium concentrations. Similar evenness along the depth gradient reflected the importance of rare species in the community structure. Differences in phylogenetic diversity, as reflected by taxonomic distinctness, were small, which suggested high ecosystem stability. The highly variable species richness at small scale (meters) showed the importance of ecological factors giving rise to microhabitat diversity, although we also noticed intermediate scale (50-300 km) differences affecting community structure. About 44 % of the species were rare (i.e. recorded only in three or fewer samples), highlighting the level of patchiness, while one fifth was distributed on all transects, therefore along the whole upwelling ecoregion, demonstrating the influence of the regional species pool on local communities at particular stations. Our study yielded 253 species, increasing the number of polychaetes known from this region by at least 50 %. This casts doubt on previous findings regarding Atlantic bioregionalization, biodiversity estimates and endemism, which appear to have been more pronouncedly affected by sampling bias than previously thought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Sobczyk
- Department of Invertebrates Zoology and Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Bjorn Serigstad
- Center for Development Cooperation in Fisheries, Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
| | - Krzysztof Pabis
- Department of Invertebrates Zoology and Hydrobiology, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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4
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Vilas D, Fletcher RJ, Siders ZA, Chagaris D. Understanding the temporal dynamics of estimated environmental niche hypervolumes for marine fishes. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9604. [PMCID: PMC9748244 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Vilas
- Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Program, School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA
- Nature Coast Biological Station, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences University of Florida Cedar Key Florida USA
| | - Robert J. Fletcher
- Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA
| | - Zachary A. Siders
- Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Program, School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA
| | - David Chagaris
- Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Program, School of Forest, Fisheries, and Geomatics Sciences University of Florida Gainesville Florida USA
- Nature Coast Biological Station, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences University of Florida Cedar Key Florida USA
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5
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Bryant SRD, McClain CR. Functional space expansion driven by transitions between energetically advantageous traits in the deep sea. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20221302. [PMID: 36382521 PMCID: PMC9667370 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.1302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Climate change is shifting community structure and biodiversity on a global scale, in part due to alterations of chemical and thermal energy availability. These changes may impact ecosystem functioning through their influence on functional diversity. We investigate patterns of functional diversity, functional niches, and functional traits in bivalve communities across the energetic gradient of the deep Atlantic Ocean. We use the functional traits feeding type, tiering, and motility level to define the axes of functional space and the unique combinations of these traits as functional niches. We find that increased energy affords new species, added into functional space through niche expansion rather than niche packing. Underlying this pattern are complex dynamics of gains and losses of individual functional niches, with few adapted to the low- and high-energy extremes, and most occurring at intermediate energy. Adaptive qualities of specific traits are evidenced by those functional niches occurring at energetic extremes. Tradeoffs between these traits within the intermediate energy zone underlie an increased coexistence of functional niches, which in turn drives a unimodal pattern of functional niches and expansion of used functional space. This work suggests that energy-limited communities may be especially vulnerable to continued shifts in food availability through the Anthropocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. River D. Bryant
- Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium, 8124 Highway 56, Chauvin, LA 70344, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 410 E. St. Mary Blvd., Billeaud Hall, Lafayette, LA 70503, USA
| | - Craig R. McClain
- Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium, 8124 Highway 56, Chauvin, LA 70344, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, 410 E. St. Mary Blvd., Billeaud Hall, Lafayette, LA 70503, USA
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6
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Walther G, Jandt U, Kattge J, Römermann C. Functional rarity of plants in German hay meadows — Patterns on the species level and mismatches with community species richness. Ecol Evol 2022; 12:e9375. [PMID: 36203640 PMCID: PMC9526122 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.9375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional rarity (FR) — a feature combining a species' rarity with the distinctiveness of its traits — is a promising tool to better understand the ecological importance of rare species and consequently to protect functional diversity more efficiently. However, we lack a systematic understanding of FR on both the species level (which species are functionally rare and why) and the community level (how is FR associated with biodiversity and environmental conditions). Here, we quantify FR for 218 plant species from German hay meadows on a local, regional, and national scale by combining data from 6500 vegetation relevés and 15 ecologically relevant traits. We investigate the association between rarity and trait distinctiveness on different spatial scales via correlation measures and show which traits lead to low or high trait distinctiveness via distance‐based redundancy analysis. We test how species richness and FR are correlated, and use boosted regression trees to determine environmental conditions that are driving species richness and FR. On the local scale, only rare species showed high trait distinctiveness while on larger spatial scales rare and common species showed high trait distinctiveness. As infrequent trait attributes (e.g., legumes, low clonality) led to higher trait distinctiveness, we argue that functionally rare species are either specialists or transients. While specialists occupy a particular niche in hay meadows leading to lower rarity on larger spatial scales, transients display distinct but maladaptive traits resulting in high rarity across all spatial scales. More functionally rare species than expected by chance occurred in species‐poor communities indicating that they prefer environmental conditions differing from characteristic conditions of species‐rich hay meadows. Finally, we argue that functionally rare species are not necessarily relevant for nature conservation because many were transients from surrounding habitats. However, FR can facilitate our understanding of why species are rare in a habitat and under which conditions these species occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Walther
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena Jena Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
| | - Ute Jandt
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg Halle Germany
| | - Jens Kattge
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
- Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry Jena Germany
| | - Christine Römermann
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena Jena Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle‐Jena‐Leipzig Leipzig Germany
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7
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Du M, Zhang J, Wang G, Liu C, Wang Z. Response of bacterial community composition and co-occurrence network to straw and straw biochar incorporation. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:999399. [PMID: 36246223 PMCID: PMC9563622 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.999399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial decomposition plays a crucial role in the incorporation of straw and straw biochar (SSB) into soil. Lime concretion black soil (LCBS) is a typical low-medium crop yield soil, and it is also one of the main soil types for grain production in China. However, the link between SSB additions and soil bacterial communities in LCBS remains unclear. This study explored the effects of SSB incorporation on bacterial community composition, structure and co-occurrence network patterns at different soil depths and maize growth stages. The results showed that soil PH, soil organic matter and total nitrogen significantly affected the seasonality and stratification of the soil bacterial community. The composition and diversity of bacterial communities were significantly affected by growth period and treatment rather than soil depth. Specifically, the bacterial community diversity increased significantly with crop growth at 0–20 cm, decreased the relative abundance of Actinobacteria, and increased the relative abundance of Proteobacteria and Acidobacteria. SF (straw with fertilizer) and BF (straw biochar with fertilizer) treatments decreased bacterial community diversity. Co-occurrence networks are more complex in BF, S (straw), and SF treatments, and the number of edge network patterns is increased by 92.5, 40, and 60% at the maturity stage compared with F (fertilizer) treatment, respectively. Moreover, the positive effect of straw biochar on the bacterial network pattern increased with time, while the effect of straw weakened. Notably, we found that rare species inside keystone taxa (Gemmatimonadetes and Nitrospirae) play an indispensable role in maintaining bacterial network construction in LCBS. This study offers a comprehensive understanding of the response of soil bacterial communities to SSB addition in LCBS areas, and provides a reference for further improvement of LCBS productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingcheng Du
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, China
- Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Nanjing, China
- Research Center for Climate Change, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianyun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Simulation and Safety, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, China
- Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Nanjing, China
- Research Center for Climate Change, Nanjing, China
| | - Guoqing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, China
- Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Nanjing, China
- Research Center for Climate Change, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Guoqing Wang,
| | - Cuishan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering, Nanjing Hydraulic Research Institute, Nanjing, China
- Yangtze Institute for Conservation and Development, Nanjing, China
- Research Center for Climate Change, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhenlong Wang
- Wudaogou Experimental Station for Hydrology and Water Resources, Bengbu, China
- Anhui Hydraulic Research Institute, Huai River Commission, Bengbu, China
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8
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Sayol F, Cooke RSC, Pigot AL, Blackburn TM, Tobias JA, Steinbauer MJ, Antonelli A, Faurby S. Loss of functional diversity through anthropogenic extinctions of island birds is not offset by biotic invasions. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2021; 7:eabj5790. [PMID: 34757780 PMCID: PMC8580305 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abj5790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Human impacts reshape ecological communities through the extinction and introduction of species. The combined impact of these factors depends on whether non-native species fill the functional roles of extinct species, thus buffering the loss of functional diversity. This question has been difficult to address, because comprehensive information about past extinctions and their traits is generally lacking. We combine detailed information about extinct, extant, and established alien birds to quantify historical changes in functional diversity across nine oceanic archipelagos. We found that alien species often equal or exceed the number of anthropogenic extinctions yet apparently perform a narrower set of functional roles as current island assemblages have undergone a substantial and ubiquitous net loss in functional diversity and increased functional similarity among assemblages. Our results reveal that the introduction of alien species has not prevented anthropogenic extinctions from reducing and homogenizing the functional diversity of native bird assemblages on oceanic archipelagos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferran Sayol
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Robert S. C. Cooke
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Gothenburg, Sweden
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Maclean Building, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Alex L. Pigot
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Tim M. Blackburn
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, Regent’s Park, London, UK
| | - Joseph A. Tobias
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London Silwood Park, Ascot, UK
| | - Manuel J. Steinbauer
- University of Bayreuth, Bayreuth Center of Ecology and Environmental Research and Sport Ecology, Department of Sport Science, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Alexandre Antonelli
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, UK
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Søren Faurby
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Gothenburg, Sweden
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9
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Morel L, Jung V, Chollet S, Ysnel F, Barbe L. From taxonomic to functional dark diversity: Exploring the causes of potential biodiversity and its implications for conservation. J Appl Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.14033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Loïs Morel
- UMR BOREAMNHNCNRSUPMCIRDUCUAUniversité de Rennes 1 Rennes France
- UMR LETGCNRSUniversité de Nantes Nantes France
| | - Vincent Jung
- UMR 6553 ECOBIOOSURCNRSUniversité de Rennes 1 Rennes France
| | - Simon Chollet
- UMR 6553 ECOBIOOSURCNRSUniversité de Rennes 1 Rennes France
| | - Frédéric Ysnel
- UMR BOREAMNHNCNRSUPMCIRDUCUAUniversité de Rennes 1 Rennes France
| | - Lou Barbe
- UMR 6553 ECOBIOOSURCNRSUniversité de Rennes 1 Rennes France
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10
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Hu L, Qin D, Lu H, Li W, Shang K, Lin D, Zhao L, Yang Y, Qian S. Urban growth drives trait composition of urban spontaneous plant communities in a mountainous city in China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 293:112869. [PMID: 34044236 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Urban ecosystems feature intense anthropogenic activities and environmental stressors that filter species with varying life-history traits. The traits therefore provide an essential aspect to understanding how species respond to urban environments. We conducted this study in Chongqing, a mountainous city in southwestern China, and tested the hypothesis that the velocity of urban growth can alter functional compositions of urban plant communities through selection on species' taxonomic distributions and functional traits. We found that for most traits, their values spanned a wide range across the 70 spontaneous species in this study, and seed size and leaf element composition played a key role in contributing to the functional differentiation among species. At the same time, urban growth intensity was negatively correlated with leaf N concentration, the N:P ratio, and specific leaf area (SLA), and positively correlated with the leaf C:N ratio. This suggests that species in urban centers are associated with an acquisitive nutrient-use strategy and may gain strong competitive strategies to be favored by greater selective pressure in those long-term urban centers. Lastly, we show that urbanization as a strong filter tends to reduce the chance of species with unique traits for the spontaneous plant communities. Our study offers insights into mechanisms through which spontaneous plant communities are filtered by urbanization with a special focus on the ecological consequences of the velocity of urban growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linyu Hu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Danya Qin
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Hongying Lu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Wei Li
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Kankan Shang
- Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, Shanghai, 201602, China
| | - Dunmei Lin
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Yongchuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China
| | - Shenhua Qian
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, China.
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11
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Beta diversity differs among hydrothermal vent systems: Implications for conservation. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256637. [PMID: 34437606 PMCID: PMC8389485 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep-sea hydrothermal vent habitats are small, rare and support unique species through chemosynthesis. As this vulnerable ecosystem is increasingly threatened by human activities, management approaches should address biodiversity conservation. Diversity distribution data provide a useful basis for management approaches as patterns of β-diversity (the change in diversity from site to site) can guide conservation decisions. Our question is whether such patterns are similar enough across vent systems to support a conservation strategy that can be deployed regardless of location. We compile macrofaunal species occurrence data for vent systems in three geological settings in the North Pacific: volcanic arc, back-arc and mid-ocean ridge. Recent discoveries in the Mariana region provide the opportunity to characterize diversity at many vent sites. We examine the extent to which diversity distribution patterns differ among the systems by comparing pairwise β-diversity, nestedness and their additive components. A null model approach that tests whether species compositions of each site pair are more or less similar than random provides insight into community assembly processes. We resolve several taxonomic uncertainties and find that the Mariana arc and back-arc share only 8% of species despite their proximity. Species overlap, species replacement and richness differences create different diversity distributions within the three vent systems; the arc system exhibits much greater β-diversity than both the back-arc and mid-ocean ridge systems which, instead, show greater nestedness. The influence of nestedness on β-diversity also increased from the arc to back-arc to ridge. Community assembly processes appear more deterministic in the arc and ridge systems while back-arc site pairs deviate little from the null expectation. These analyses reflect the need for a variety of management strategies that consider the character of diversity distribution to protect hydrothermal vents, especially in the context of mining hydrothermal deposits.
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12
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Mammola S, Carmona CP, Guillerme T, Cardoso P. Concepts and applications in functional diversity. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Mammola
- Laboratory for Integrative Biodiversity Research (LIBRe) Finnish Museum of Natural History (Luomus) University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
- Molecular Ecology Group (MEG) Water Research InstituteNational Research Council (CNR‐IRSA) Verbania Pallanza Italy
| | - Carlos P. Carmona
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences University of Tartu Tartu Estonia
| | - Thomas Guillerme
- Department of Animal and Plant Sciences The University of Sheffield Sheffield UK
| | - Pedro Cardoso
- Laboratory for Integrative Biodiversity Research (LIBRe) Finnish Museum of Natural History (Luomus) University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
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13
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Casazza ML, McDuie F, Jones S, Lorenz AA, Overton CT, Yee J, Feldheim CL, Ackerman JT, Thorne KM. Waterfowl use of wetland habitats informs wetland restoration designs for multi‐species benefits. J Appl Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2664.13845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael L. Casazza
- U. S. Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center Dixon Field Station CA USA
| | - Fiona McDuie
- U. S. Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center Dixon Field Station CA USA
- San Jose State University Research Foundation Moss Landing Marine Laboratories Moss Landing CA USA
| | - Scott Jones
- U. S. Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center Davis Field Station Davis CA USA
| | - Austen A. Lorenz
- U. S. Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center Dixon Field Station CA USA
| | - Cory T. Overton
- U. S. Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center Dixon Field Station CA USA
| | - Julie Yee
- U. S. Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center Dixon Field Station CA USA
| | - Cliff L. Feldheim
- California Department of Water Resources Suisun Marsh Program West Sacramento CA USA
| | - Joshua T. Ackerman
- U. S. Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center Dixon Field Station CA USA
| | - Karen M. Thorne
- U. S. Geological Survey Western Ecological Research Center Davis Field Station Davis CA USA
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14
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Ożgo M, Urbańska M, Marzec M, Kamocki A, Andrzejewski W, Golski J, Lewandowski K, Geist J. Lake-stream transition zones support hotspots of freshwater ecosystem services: Evidence from a 35-year study on unionid mussels. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 774:145114. [PMID: 33607437 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Securing adequate supply of high-quality water is of increasing global importance and relies in large part on ecosystem services provided by freshwater biota. Unionid mussels are important keystone species and habitat engineers that shape freshwater ecosystems through water filtration, nutrient cycling and provision of habitats; their rapid global declines result in dramatic losses of ecosystem functions. Maintenance and enhancement of the services they provide depend on the identification of their crucial habitats. Following theoretical assumptions, this study analyses the importance of lake-stream transition zones for unionid mussels, based on data collected in 1984 and 2019 from an undisturbed stream flowing through five consecutive lakes. Mussel distribution matched the distribution of host fish and was strongly influenced by lakes: densities were highest near lake outlets, reaching 290 ind. m-2 (14.7 kg m-2) in 2019, and declined with downstream distance following a negative power function. This pattern was spatially consistent and sustained over time. All six unionid species native to north-central Europe were present, but common species (Anodonta anatina, Unio pictorum, U. tumidus) contributed about 80% of individuals and were responsible for most of the ecosystem services provided by unionid mussels. Estimated 1.9 × 106 mussel individuals inhabiting 3.2 km of stream length filtered a water volume equivalent to the total stream discharge approximately 2.5 times daily. Aggregations of spent shells, up to 17 kg m-2, accumulated downstream of lakes, forming extensive shell and mussel beds, providing habitats and contributing shell hash that improved stream-bed conditions. Globally invasive Dreissena polymorpha was present at low densities and did not spread or increase in abundance, indicating a long-term biotic resistance of the natural native community. Our study underscores the importance of undisturbed lake outlets, longitudinal connectivity of riverine ecosystems, and of common mussel species in maintaining freshwater ecosystem functionality and provision of vital services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Ożgo
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Kazimierz Wielki University, Ossolińskich 12, 85-093 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Maria Urbańska
- Department of Zoology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71, C 60-625 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Marzec
- Suwalski Landscape Park, Malesowizna 24, 16-404 Jeleniewo, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kamocki
- Faculty of Civil Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45 E, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland.
| | - Wojciech Andrzejewski
- Department of Zoology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71, C 60-625 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Janusz Golski
- Department of Zoology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71, C 60-625 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Krzysztof Lewandowski
- Institute of Biology, Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities, Prusa 12, 08-110 Siedlce, Poland.
| | - Juergen Geist
- Aquatic Systems Biology Unit, Technical University of Munich, Mühlenweg 18-22, D-85354 Freising, Germany.
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15
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Tsimara E, Vasilakopoulos P, Koutsidi M, Raitsos DE, Lazaris A, Tzanatos E. An Integrated Traits Resilience Assessment of Mediterranean fisheries landings. J Anim Ecol 2021; 90:2122-2134. [PMID: 34013517 DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
An increasing number of studies have been examining the functional configuration of biological communities or ecosystems using biological traits. Here, we investigated the temporal dynamics and resilience of the traits composition in Mediterranean fisheries landings over 31 years (1985-2015). We transcribed the FAO Mediterranean landings dataset for 101 marine species into a dataset of 23 traits related to the life cycle, distribution, ecology and behaviour. Mediterranean mean Sea Surface Temperature (SST) was evaluated as a potential driver of the traits composition. Trait dynamics were evaluated both individually and holistically by developing an Integrated Traits Resilience Assessment (ITRA). ITRA is a variation of the Integrated Resilience Assessment (IRA), a method to infer resilience dynamics and build stability landscapes of complex natural systems. Changes in landings trait dynamics were documented both for individual traits and for the entire traits 'system', and a relevant regime shift was detected in the second half of the 1990s. The traits system switched to higher optimal temperature, more summer spawning, shorter life span, smaller maximum size, shallower optimal depth and planktivorous diet. This shift was found to be a lagged discontinuous response to sea warming, which gradually eroded the resilience of the original state of the traits system, leading it into a new basin of attraction. The inclusion of ecological/response traits (related to environmental preferences) in our analyses indicates potential mechanisms that explain the observed shift, while changes in functional/effect traits indicate potential impacts on ecosystem functioning. Our findings suggest that changes in the Mediterranean ecosystems are evidently larger than previously thought, with profound implications for the management of this highly impacted sea. .
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Tsimara
- Department of Biology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
| | | | | | - Dionysios E Raitsos
- Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Alexis Lazaris
- Department of Biology, University of Patras, Patras, Greece
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16
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Thatje S. Ethical considerations surrounding deep-sea mining do matter. Trends Ecol Evol 2021; 36:674-675. [PMID: 33975760 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Thatje
- Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, European Way, Southampton SO143ZH, UK.
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Craig R. McClain
- Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium (LUMCON) Chauvin LA USA
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18
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Smith CR, Tunnicliffe V, Colaço A, Drazen JC, Gollner S, Levin LA, Mestre NC, Metaxas A, Molodtsova TN, Morato T, Sweetman AK, Washburn T, Amon DJ. Environmental Protection Requires Accurate Application of Scientific Evidence. Trends Ecol Evol 2020; 36:14-15. [PMID: 33199049 DOI: 10.1016/j.tree.2020.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Craig R Smith
- Department of Oceanography, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA.
| | - Verena Tunnicliffe
- Department of Biology and School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC, V8W 2Y2, Canada
| | - Ana Colaço
- Instituto do Mar - Okeanos Research Centre, University of the Azores, 9901-842 Horta, Azores, Portugal
| | - Jeffrey C Drazen
- Department of Oceanography, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Sabine Gollner
- Department of Ocean Systems, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research and Utrecht University, Den Burg, The Netherlands
| | - Lisa A Levin
- Center for Marine Biodiversity and Conservation, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0218, USA
| | - Nelia C Mestre
- Centre for Marine and Environmental Research (CIMA), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Anna Metaxas
- Department of Oceanography, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Tina N Molodtsova
- P.P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Telmo Morato
- Instituto do Mar - Okeanos Research Centre, University of the Azores, 9901-842 Horta, Azores, Portugal
| | - Andrew K Sweetman
- The Lyell Centre for Earth and Marine Science and Technology, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Travis Washburn
- Department of Oceanography, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Diva J Amon
- Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, London, SW7 5BD, UK
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19
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Global distribution and conservation status of ecologically rare mammal and bird species. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5071. [PMID: 33033235 PMCID: PMC7545165 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-18779-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Identifying species that are both geographically restricted and functionally distinct, i.e. supporting rare traits and functions, is of prime importance given their risk of extinction and their potential contribution to ecosystem functioning. We use global species distributions and functional traits for birds and mammals to identify the ecologically rare species, understand their characteristics, and identify hotspots. We find that ecologically rare species are disproportionately represented in IUCN threatened categories, insufficiently covered by protected areas, and for some of them sensitive to current and future threats. While they are more abundant overall in countries with a low human development index, some countries with high human development index are also hotspots of ecological rarity, suggesting transboundary responsibility for their conservation. Altogether, these results state that more conservation emphasis should be given to ecological rarity given future environmental conditions and the need to sustain multiple ecosystem processes in the long-term.
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20
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Alfaro-Lucas JM, Pradillon F, Zeppilli D, Michel LN, Martinez-Arbizu P, Tanaka H, Foviaux M, Sarrazin J. High environmental stress and productivity increase functional diversity along a deep-sea hydrothermal vent gradient. Ecology 2020; 101:e03144. [PMID: 32720359 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Productivity and environmental stress are major drivers of multiple biodiversity facets and faunal community structure. Little is known on their interacting effects on early community assembly processes in the deep sea (>200 m), the largest environment on Earth. However, at hydrothermal vents productivity correlates, at least partially, with environmental stress. Here, we studied the colonization of rock substrata deployed along a deep-sea hydrothermal vent gradient at four sites with and without direct influence of vent fluids at 1,700-m depth in the Lucky Strike vent field (Mid-Atlantic Ridge [MAR]). We examined in detail the composition of faunal communities (>20 μm) established after 2 yr and evaluated species and functional patterns. We expected the stressful hydrothermal activity to (1) limit functional diversity and (2) filter for traits clustering functionally similar species. However, our observations did not support our hypotheses. On the contrary, our results show that hydrothermal activity enhanced functional diversity. Moreover, despite high species diversity, environmental conditions at surrounding sites appear to filter for specific traits, thereby reducing functional richness. In fact, diversity in ecological functions may relax the effect of competition, allowing several species to coexist in high densities in the reduced space of the highly productive vent habitats under direct fluid emissions. We suggest that the high productivity at fluid-influenced sites supports higher functional diversity and traits that are more energetically expensive. The presence of exclusive species and functional entities led to a high turnover between surrounding sites. As a result, some of these sites contributed more than expected to the total species and functional β diversities. The observed faunal overlap and energy links (exported productivity) suggest that rather than operating as separate entities, habitats with and without influence of hydrothermal fluids may be considered as interconnected entities. Low functional richness and environmental filtering suggest that surrounding areas, with their very heterogeneous species and functional assemblages, may be especially vulnerable to environmental changes related to natural and anthropogenic impacts, including deep-sea mining.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - P Martinez-Arbizu
- Senckenberg am Meer, German Center for Marine Biodiversity Research, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - H Tanaka
- Tokyo Sea Life Park, Tokyo, Japan
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21
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Menéndez-Guerrero PA, Davies TJ, Green DM. Extinctions of Threatened Frogs may Impact Ecosystems in a Global Hotspot of Anuran Diversity. HERPETOLOGICA 2020. [DOI: 10.1655/0018-0831-76.2.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - T. Jonathan Davies
- Departments of Botany and Forest & Conservation Sciences, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Blvd. Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - David M. Green
- Redpath Museum, McGill University, 859 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, QC, H3A 0C4, Canada
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22
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23
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Meyer J, Kröncke I. Shifts in trait-based and taxonomic macrofauna community structure along a 27-year time-series in the south-eastern North Sea. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226410. [PMID: 31851700 PMCID: PMC6919609 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Current research revealed distinct changes in ecosystem functions, and thus in ecosystem stability and resilience, caused by changes in community structure and diversity loss. Benthic species play an important role in benthic-pelagic coupling, such as through the remineralization of deposited organic material, and changes to benthic community structure and diversity have associated with changes in ecosystem functioning, ecosystem stability and resilience. However, the long-term variability of traits and functions in benthic communities is largely unknown. By using abundance and bioturbation potential of macrofauna samples, taken along a transect from the German Bight towards the Dogger Bank in May 1990 and annually from 1995 to 2017, we analysed the taxonomic and trait-based macrofauna long-term community variability and diversity. Taxonomic and trait-based diversity remained stable over time, while three different regimes were found, characterised by changes in taxonomic and trait-based community structure. Min/max autocorrelation factor analysis revealed the climatic variables sea surface temperature (SST) and North Atlantic Oscillation Index (NAOI), nitrite, and epibenthic abundance as most important environmental drivers for taxonomic and trait-based community changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Meyer
- Marine Research, Senckenberg am Meer, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Benthic Ecology, Oldenburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Ingrid Kröncke
- Marine Research, Senckenberg am Meer, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Benthic Ecology, Oldenburg, Germany
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24
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Climate and land-use change homogenise terrestrial biodiversity, with consequences for ecosystem functioning and human well-being. Emerg Top Life Sci 2019; 3:207-219. [DOI: 10.1042/etls20180135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Biodiversity continues to decline under the effect of multiple human pressures. We give a brief overview of the main pressures on biodiversity, before focusing on the two that have a predominant effect: land-use and climate change. We discuss how interactions between land-use and climate change in terrestrial systems are likely to have greater impacts than expected when only considering these pressures in isolation. Understanding biodiversity changes is complicated by the fact that such changes are likely to be uneven among different geographic regions and species. We review the evidence for variation in terrestrial biodiversity changes, relating differences among species to key ecological characteristics, and explaining how disproportionate impacts on certain species are leading to a spatial homogenisation of ecological communities. Finally, we explain how the overall losses and homogenisation of biodiversity, and the larger impacts upon certain types of species, are likely to lead to strong negative consequences for the functioning of ecosystems, and consequently for human well-being.
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25
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Gamma-diversity partitioning of gobiid fishes (Teleostei: Gobiidae) ensemble along of Eastern Tropical Pacific: Biological inventory, latitudinal variation and species turnover. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0202863. [PMID: 30169538 PMCID: PMC6118385 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gobies are the most diverse marine fish family. Here, we analysed the gamma-diversity (γ-diversity) partitioning of gobiid fishes to evaluate the additive and multiplicative components of α and β-diversity, species replacement and species loss and gain, at four spatial scales: sample units, ecoregions, provinces and realms. The richness of gobies from the realm Eastern Tropical Pacific (ETP) is represented by 87 species. Along latitudinal and longitudinal gradients, we found that the γ-diversity is explained by the β-diversity at both spatial scales, ecoregions and provinces. At the ecoregion scale, species are diverse in the north (Cortezian ecoregion) and south (Panama Bight ecoregion) and between insular and coastal ecoregions. At the province scale, we found that the species turnover between the warm temperate Northeast Pacific (WTNP), Tropical East Pacific (TEaP) and the Galapagos Islands (Gala) was high, and the species nestedness was low. At the ecoregion scale, historical factors, and phylogenetic factors have influenced the hotspots of gobiid fish biodiversity, particularly in the Cortezian, Panama Bight and Cocos Island ecoregions, where species turnover is high across both latitudinal and longitudinal gradients. At the provincial level, we found that the contributions of the β-diversity from north to south, in the WTNP, TEaP and Gala were high, as result of the high number of unique species. Species turnover was also high at this scale, with a low contribution from species nestedness that was probably due to the low species/gene flow within the provinces. These results highlight the importance and successful inclusion of a cryptobenthic fish component in ecological and biogeographical studies.
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26
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Kim SW, Blomberg SP, Pandolfi JM. Transcending data gaps: a framework to reduce inferential errors in ecological analyses. Ecol Lett 2018; 21:1200-1210. [PMID: 29797760 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The analysis of functional diversity (FD) has gained increasing importance due to its generality and utility in ecology. In particular, patterns in the spatial distribution and temporal change of FD are being used to predict locations and functional groups that are immediately vulnerable to global changes. A major impediment to the accurate measurement of FD is the pervasiveness of missing data in trait datasets. While such prevalent data gaps can engender misleading inferences in FD analyses, we currently lack any practical guide to handle missing data in trait datasets. Here, we identify significant mismatches between true FD and values derived from datasets that contain missing data. We demonstrate that imputing missing data with a phylogeny-informed approach reduces the risk of misinterpretation of FD patterns, and provides baseline information against which central questions in ecology can be evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun W Kim
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Qld, 4072, Australia
| | - Simon P Blomberg
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Qld, 4072, Australia
| | - John M Pandolfi
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Qld, 4072, Australia
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