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Ostertag BR, González-Reyes AX, Grabosky A, Meier F, Doma IL, Corronca J, Rocha AM. Native Fauna of Tardigrades from Two Natural Areas of the Argentina Republic. Zool Stud 2023; 62:e57. [PMID: 38628161 PMCID: PMC11019430 DOI: 10.6620/zs.2023.62-57] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Understanding and preserving biodiversity in natural habitats is crucial due to their rapid degradation and destruction. The meiofauna of natural areas is less well known than the macroscopic life. Tardigrades are common in limno-terrestrial meiofauna and can indicate environmental conditions. In this study, we expand our understanding of the taxonomy and ecology of tardigrade communities in two natural reserves in Argentina by examining the environmental factors that can affect them and the species that could be used as indicators. In 2018, sampling occurred in the Parque Luro Provincial Reserve (province of La Pampa) and the Poligono A Municipal Ecological Reserve (province of Salta). Samples were taken from epiphytic communities that grow on the bark of trees. Various environmental and microhabitat factors were taken into account. In the province of La Pampa, there were 1326 specimens of five species, and in the province of Salta, there were 212 specimens of nine species. The tardigrade communities in Salta exhibited statistically higher diversity than those in La Pampa. Temperature and moisture affected the tardigrade community of Parque Luro Provincial Reserve, while the microhabitat thickness affected those of Poligono A Municipal Ecological Reserve. The species turnover shaped the community of Salta, while nesting shaped the community of La Pampa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belen Rocío Ostertag
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, National University of La Pampa (UNLPam), 151 Uruguay Avenue, CP 6300, Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina. E-mail: (Ostertag) ; (Doma); (Rocha)
- National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Godoy Cruz Street 2290, CP C1425FQB, Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail: (Grabosky); (Meier); (Corronca)
| | - Andrea Ximena González-Reyes
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute for the Study of Invertebrate Biodiversity (IEBI), National University of Salta (UNSA), 5150 Bolivia Avenue, CP 4400, Salta, Argentina. E-mail: (González-Reyes)
| | - Alfonsina Grabosky
- National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Godoy Cruz Street 2290, CP C1425FQB, Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail: (Grabosky); (Meier); (Corronca)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute for the Study of Invertebrate Biodiversity (IEBI), National University of Salta (UNSA), 5150 Bolivia Avenue, CP 4400, Salta, Argentina. E-mail: (González-Reyes)
| | - Florencia Meier
- National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Godoy Cruz Street 2290, CP C1425FQB, Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail: (Grabosky); (Meier); (Corronca)
- Institute of Biodiversity and Environment Research (INIBIOMA), National University of Comahue (UNComahue), 1250 Quintral Street, CP 8400, San Carlos de Bariloche, Río Negro, Argentina
| | - Irene Luisa Doma
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, National University of La Pampa (UNLPam), 151 Uruguay Avenue, CP 6300, Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina. E-mail: (Ostertag) ; (Doma); (Rocha)
| | - José Corronca
- National Council for Scientific and Technical Research (CONICET), Godoy Cruz Street 2290, CP C1425FQB, Buenos Aires, Argentina. E-mail: (Grabosky); (Meier); (Corronca)
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute for the Study of Invertebrate Biodiversity (IEBI), National University of Salta (UNSA), 5150 Bolivia Avenue, CP 4400, Salta, Argentina. E-mail: (González-Reyes)
| | - Alejandra Mariana Rocha
- Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, National University of La Pampa (UNLPam), 151 Uruguay Avenue, CP 6300, Santa Rosa, La Pampa, Argentina. E-mail: (Ostertag) ; (Doma); (Rocha)
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Bansal S, Creed IF, Tangen BA, Bridgham SD, Desai AR, Krauss KW, Neubauer SC, Noe GB, Rosenberry DO, Trettin C, Wickland KP, Allen ST, Arias-Ortiz A, Armitage AR, Baldocchi D, Banerjee K, Bastviken D, Berg P, Bogard MJ, Chow AT, Conner WH, Craft C, Creamer C, DelSontro T, Duberstein JA, Eagle M, Fennessy MS, Finkelstein SA, Göckede M, Grunwald S, Halabisky M, Herbert E, Jahangir MMR, Johnson OF, Jones MC, Kelleway JJ, Knox S, Kroeger KD, Kuehn KA, Lobb D, Loder AL, Ma S, Maher DT, McNicol G, Meier J, Middleton BA, Mills C, Mistry P, Mitra A, Mobilian C, Nahlik AM, Newman S, O’Connell JL, Oikawa P, van der Burg MP, Schutte CA, Song C, Stagg CL, Turner J, Vargas R, Waldrop MP, Wallin MB, Wang ZA, Ward EJ, Willard DA, Yarwood S, Zhu X. Practical Guide to Measuring Wetland Carbon Pools and Fluxes. WETLANDS (WILMINGTON, N.C.) 2023; 43:105. [PMID: 38037553 PMCID: PMC10684704 DOI: 10.1007/s13157-023-01722-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Wetlands cover a small portion of the world, but have disproportionate influence on global carbon (C) sequestration, carbon dioxide and methane emissions, and aquatic C fluxes. However, the underlying biogeochemical processes that affect wetland C pools and fluxes are complex and dynamic, making measurements of wetland C challenging. Over decades of research, many observational, experimental, and analytical approaches have been developed to understand and quantify pools and fluxes of wetland C. Sampling approaches range in their representation of wetland C from short to long timeframes and local to landscape spatial scales. This review summarizes common and cutting-edge methodological approaches for quantifying wetland C pools and fluxes. We first define each of the major C pools and fluxes and provide rationale for their importance to wetland C dynamics. For each approach, we clarify what component of wetland C is measured and its spatial and temporal representativeness and constraints. We describe practical considerations for each approach, such as where and when an approach is typically used, who can conduct the measurements (expertise, training requirements), and how approaches are conducted, including considerations on equipment complexity and costs. Finally, we review key covariates and ancillary measurements that enhance the interpretation of findings and facilitate model development. The protocols that we describe to measure soil, water, vegetation, and gases are also relevant for related disciplines such as ecology. Improved quality and consistency of data collection and reporting across studies will help reduce global uncertainties and develop management strategies to use wetlands as nature-based climate solutions. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13157-023-01722-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheel Bansal
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Jamestown, ND USA
| | - Irena F. Creed
- Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Brian A. Tangen
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Jamestown, ND USA
| | - Scott D. Bridgham
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR USA
| | - Ankur R. Desai
- Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Ken W. Krauss
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Lafayette, LA USA
| | - Scott C. Neubauer
- Department of Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA USA
| | - Gregory B. Noe
- U.S. Geological Survey, Florence Bascom Geoscience Center, Reston, VA USA
| | | | - Carl Trettin
- U.S. Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Davis, CA USA
| | - Kimberly P. Wickland
- U.S. Geological Survey, Geosciences and Environmental Change Science Center, Denver, CO USA
| | - Scott T. Allen
- Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, University of Nevada, Reno, Reno, NV USA
| | - Ariane Arias-Ortiz
- Ecosystem Science Division, Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Anna R. Armitage
- Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, TX USA
| | - Dennis Baldocchi
- Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Kakoli Banerjee
- Department of Biodiversity and Conservation of Natural Resources, Central University of Odisha, Koraput, Odisha India
| | - David Bastviken
- Department of Thematic Studies – Environmental Change, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Peter Berg
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA
| | - Matthew J. Bogard
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB Canada
| | - Alex T. Chow
- Earth and Environmental Sciences Programme, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - William H. Conner
- Baruch Institute of Coastal Ecology and Forest Science, Clemson University, Georgetown, SC USA
| | - Christopher Craft
- O’Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN USA
| | - Courtney Creamer
- U.S. Geological Survey, Geology, Minerals, Energy and Geophysics Science Center, Menlo Park, CA USA
| | - Tonya DelSontro
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON Canada
| | - Jamie A. Duberstein
- Baruch Institute of Coastal Ecology and Forest Science, Clemson University, Georgetown, SC USA
| | - Meagan Eagle
- U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA USA
| | | | | | - Mathias Göckede
- Department for Biogeochemical Signals, Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry, Jena, Germany
| | - Sabine Grunwald
- Soil, Water and Ecosystem Sciences Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Meghan Halabisky
- School of Environmental and Forest Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | | | | | - Olivia F. Johnson
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Jamestown, ND USA
- Departments of Biology and Environmental Studies, Kent State University, Kent, OH USA
| | - Miriam C. Jones
- U.S. Geological Survey, Florence Bascom Geoscience Center, Reston, VA USA
| | - Jeffrey J. Kelleway
- School of Earth, Atmospheric and Life Sciences and Environmental Futures Research Centre, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW Australia
| | - Sara Knox
- Department of Geography, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Kevin D. Kroeger
- U.S. Geological Survey, Woods Hole Coastal & Marine Science Center, Woods Hole, MA USA
| | - Kevin A. Kuehn
- School of Biological, Environmental, and Earth Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS USA
| | - David Lobb
- Department of Soil Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB Canada
| | - Amanda L. Loder
- Department of Geography, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON Canada
| | - Shizhou Ma
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK Canada
| | - Damien T. Maher
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW Australia
| | - Gavin McNicol
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
| | - Jacob Meier
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Jamestown, ND USA
| | - Beth A. Middleton
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Lafayette, LA USA
| | - Christopher Mills
- U.S. Geological Survey, Geology, Geophysics, and Geochemistry Science Center, Denver, CO USA
| | - Purbasha Mistry
- School of Environment and Sustainability, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK Canada
| | - Abhijit Mitra
- Department of Marine Science, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, West Bengal India
| | - Courtney Mobilian
- O’Neill School of Public and Environmental Affairs, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN USA
| | - Amanda M. Nahlik
- Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessments, Pacific Ecological Systems Division, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Corvallis, OR USA
| | - Sue Newman
- South Florida Water Management District, Everglades Systems Assessment Section, West Palm Beach, FL USA
| | - Jessica L. O’Connell
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Sustainability, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO USA
| | - Patty Oikawa
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, California State University, East Bay, Hayward, CA USA
| | - Max Post van der Burg
- U.S. Geological Survey, Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center, Jamestown, ND USA
| | - Charles A. Schutte
- Department of Environmental Science, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ USA
| | - Changchun Song
- Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Camille L. Stagg
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Lafayette, LA USA
| | - Jessica Turner
- Freshwater and Marine Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI USA
| | - Rodrigo Vargas
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE USA
| | - Mark P. Waldrop
- U.S. Geological Survey, Geology, Minerals, Energy and Geophysics Science Center, Menlo Park, CA USA
| | - Marcus B. Wallin
- Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Zhaohui Aleck Wang
- Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA USA
| | - Eric J. Ward
- U.S. Geological Survey, Wetland and Aquatic Research Center, Lafayette, LA USA
| | - Debra A. Willard
- U.S. Geological Survey, Florence Bascom Geoscience Center, Reston, VA USA
| | - Stephanie Yarwood
- Environmental Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD USA
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Songliao Aquatic Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin Jianzhu University, Changchun, China
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Kihm JH, Kim S, McInnes SJ, Zawierucha K, Rho HS, Kang P, Park TYS. Integrative description of a new Dactylobiotus (Eutardigrada: Parachela) from Antarctica that reveals an intraspecific variation in tardigrade egg morphology. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9122. [PMID: 32499591 PMCID: PMC7272612 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65573-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tardigrades constitute one of the most important group in the challenging Antarctic terrestrial ecosystem. Living in various habitats, tardigrades play major roles as consumers and decomposers in the trophic networks of Antarctic terrestrial and freshwater environments; yet we still know little about their biodiversity. The Eutardigrada is a species rich class, for which the eggshell morphology is one of the key morphological characters. Tardigrade egg morphology shows a diverse appearance, and it is known that, despite rare, intraspecific variation is caused by seasonality, epigenetics, and external environmental conditions. Here we report Dactylobiotus ovimutans sp. nov. from King George Island, Antarctica. Interestingly, we observed a range of eggshell morphologies from the new species, although the population was cultured under controlled laboratory condition. Thus, seasonality, environmental conditions, and food source are eliminated, leaving an epigenetic factor as a main cause for variability in this case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hoon Kihm
- Division of Polar Earth-System Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, 21990, Incheon, Korea
- Polar Science, University of Science & Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, 34113, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Sanghee Kim
- Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, 21990, Incheon, Korea
| | - Sandra J McInnes
- British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, UK
| | - Krzysztof Zawierucha
- Department of Animal Taxonomy and Ecology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznań, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Hyun Soo Rho
- East Sea Environment Research Center, East Sea Research Institute, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, 48 Haeyanggwahak-gil, Uljin, 36315, Gyeongsangbuk-do, Korea
| | - Pilmo Kang
- Division of Polar Earth-System Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, 21990, Incheon, Korea
| | - Tae-Yoon S Park
- Division of Polar Earth-System Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, 21990, Incheon, Korea.
- Polar Science, University of Science & Technology, 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, 34113, Daejeon, Korea.
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Gąsiorek P, Jackson KJ, Meyer HA, Zając K, Nelson DR, Kristensen RM, Michalczyk Ł. Echiniscus virginicus complex: the first case of pseudocryptic allopatry and pantropical distribution in tardigrades. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blz147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractMainly because of the problems with species delineation, the biogeography of microscopic organisms is notoriously difficult to elucidate. In this contribution, variable nuclear and mitochondrial DNA markers were sequenced from individual specimens representing the Echiniscus virginicus complex that are morphologically indistinguishable under light microscopy (five populations from the temperate Eastern Nearctic and 13 populations from the subtropical and tropical zone). A range of methods was used to dissect components of variability within the complex (Bayesian inference, haplotype networks, Poisson tree processes, automatic barcode gap discovery delineations, principal components analysis and ANOVA). We found deep divergence between the temperate Eastern Nearctic E. virginicus and pantropical Echiniscus lineatus in all three genetic markers. In contrast, intraspecific genetic variation was very low, regardless of the geographical distance between the populations. Moreover, for the first time, statistical predictions of tardigrade geographical distributions were modelled. The factor determining the allopatric geographical ranges of deceptively similar species analysed in this study is most likely to be the type of climate. Our study shows that widespread tardigrade species exist, and both geographical distribution modelling and the genetic structure of populations of the pantropical E. lineatus suggest wind-mediated (aeolian) passive long-distance dispersal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Gąsiorek
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa, Kraków, Poland
| | - Kathy J Jackson
- Department of Biology, McNeese State University, Lake Charles, LA, USA
| | - Harry A Meyer
- Department of Biology, McNeese State University, Lake Charles, LA, USA
| | - Krzysztof Zając
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa, Kraków, Poland
| | - Diane R Nelson
- Department of Biological Sciences, East Tennessee State University, Johnson City, TN, USA
| | - Reinhardt M Kristensen
- Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Łukasz Michalczyk
- Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa, Kraków, Poland
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