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Yang Z, Xu J, Kang T, Chen X, Zhou C. The Impact of NLRP3 Inflammasome on Osteoblasts and Osteogenic Differentiation: A Literature Review. J Inflamm Res 2024; 17:2639-2653. [PMID: 38707958 PMCID: PMC11067939 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s457927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoblasts (OBs), which are a crucial type of bone cells, derive from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Accumulating evidence suggests inflammatory cytokines can inhibit the differentiation and proliferation of OBs, as well as interfere with their ability to synthesize bone matrix, under inflammatory conditions. NLRP3 inflammasome is closely associated with cellular pyroptosis, which can lead to excessive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, causing tissue damage and inflammatory responses, however, the comprehensive roles of NLRP3 inflammasome in OBs and their differentiation have not been fully elucidated, making targeting NLRP3 inflammasome approaches to treat diseases related to OBs uncertain. In this review, we provide a summary of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and its impact on OBs. We highlight the significant roles of NLRP3 inflammasome in regulating OBs differentiation and function. Furthermore, current available strategies to affect OBs function and osteogenic differentiation targeting NLRP3 inflammasome are listed and analyzed. Finally, through the prospective discussion, we seek to provide novel insights into the crucial role of NLRP3 inflammasome in diseases related to OBs and offer valuable information for devising treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Yang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaan Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ting Kang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuepeng Chen
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengcong Zhou
- The First Clinical Medical College of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, People’s Republic of China
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Yang C, Song B, Han L, Gao Z. Study on the mechanism of NLRP3 effect on the skeleton of de-ovalized mice. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 35:101496. [PMID: 37332667 PMCID: PMC10276222 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis caused by estrogen deficiency affects millions of women worldwide. By influencing both osteoblast and osteoclast development, NOD-like receptor thermoprotein structural domain-associated protein 3 (NLRP3) is a key player in the etiology of osteoporosis (OP). The purpose of this research was to look into the mechanism of action of NLRP3 in osteoporosis caused by a lack of estrogen, highlighting that NLRP3 induces osteoblast pyroptosis and thus inflammatory responses in de-ovulated mice, thereby inhibiting osteogenic differentiation and participating in the development of osteoporosis. In de-ovulated mice, we found an enhanced inflammatory response and suppression of osteogenic activity. In vitro experiments, we found a significant increase in markers of cell pyroptosis and inflammatory responses and a significant decrease in markers of osteogenic differentiation in osteoblasts from de-ovulated mice. However, knockdown of the NLRP3 gene inhibited this cell pyroptosis and improved osteogenic differentiation of osteoblasts. Our findings indicate a potential therapeutic potential for the treatment of estrogen deficiency-induced osteoporosis by demonstrating the critical role that NLRP3 inflammatory vesicles and their downstream-mediated cellular pyroptosis play in bone differentiation.
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He W, Fu Y, Yao S, Huang L. Programmed cell death of periodontal ligament cells. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:1768-1787. [PMID: 37566596 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The periodontal ligament is a crucial tissue that provides support to the periodontium. Situated between the alveolar bone and the tooth root, it consists primarily of fibroblasts, cementoblasts, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs), and epithelial cell rests of Malassez. Fibroblasts, cementoblasts, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts are functionally differentiated cells, whereas PDLSCs are undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells. The dynamic development of these cells is intricately linked to periodontal changes and homeostasis. Notably, the regulation of programmed cell death facilitates the clearance of necrotic tissue and plays a pivotal role in immune response. However, it also potentially contributes to the loss of periodontal supporting tissues and root resorption. These findings have significant implications for understanding the occurrence and progression of periodontitis, as well as the mechanisms underlying orthodontic root resorption. Further, the regulation of periodontal ligament cell (PDLC) death is influenced by both systemic and local factors. This comprehensive review focuses on recent studies reporting the mechanisms of PDLC death and related factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Fu
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Song Yao
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Lan Huang
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory for Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
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Deng Z, Lin B, Liu F, Zhao W. Role of Enterococcus faecalis in refractory apical periodontitis: from pathogenicity to host cell response. J Oral Microbiol 2023; 15:2184924. [PMID: 36891193 PMCID: PMC9987735 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2023.2184924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Refractory apical periodontitis (RAP) is an oral infectious disease characterised by persistent inflammation, progressive alveolar bone destruction, and delayed bone healing. RAP has received increasing attention, because it cannot be cured after repeated root canal therapies. The aetiology of RAP is related to the complex interplay between the pathogen and its host. However, the exact pathogenesis of RAP remains unclarified and includes several factors, such as microorganism immunogenicity, host immunity and inflammation, and tissue destruction and repair. Enterococcus faecalis is the dominant pathogen involved in RAP, and has evolved multiple strategies to ensure survival, which cause persistent intraradicular and extraradicular infections. OBJECTIVE To review the crucial role of E. faecalis in the pathogenesis of RAP, and open new avenues for prevention and treatment of RAP. METHODS The PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched for pertinent publications, employing the search terms "Enterococcus faecalis", "refractory apical periodontitis", "persistent periapical periodontitis", "pathogenicity", "virulence", "biofilm formation", "dentine tubule", "immune cell", "macrophage", and "osteoblast". RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Besides its high pathogenicity due to various virulence mechanisms, E. faecalis modulates the macrophage and osteoblast responses, including regulated cell death, cell polarisation, cell differentiation, and inflammatory response. An in-depth understanding of the multifaceted host cell responses modulated by E. faecalis will help to design potential future therapeutic strategies and overcome the challenges of sustained infection and delayed tissue healing in RAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Deng
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Binbin Lin
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Liu
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanghong Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Li Z, Li D, Chen R, Gao S, Xu Z, Li N. Cell death regulation: A new way for natural products to treat osteoporosis. Pharmacol Res 2023; 187:106635. [PMID: 36581167 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a common metabolic bone disease that results from the imbalance of homeostasis within the bone. Intra-bone homeostasis is dependent on a precise dynamic balance between bone resorption by osteoclasts and bone formation by mesenchymal lineage osteoblasts, which comprises a series of complex and highly standardized steps. Programmed cell death (PCD) (e.g., apoptosis, autophagy, ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and necroptosis) is a cell death process that involves a cascade of gene expression events with tight structures. These events play a certain role in regulating bone metabolism by determining the fate of bone cells. Moreover, existing research has suggested that natural products derived from a wide variety of dietary components and medicinal plants modulate the PCDs based on different mechanisms, which show great potential for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis, thus revealing the emergence of more acceptable complementary and alternative drugs with lower costs, fewer side effects and more long-term application. Accordingly, this review summarizes the common types of PCDs in the field of osteoporosis. Moreover, from the perspective of targeting PCDs, this review also discussed the roles of currently reported natural products in the treatment of osteoporosis and the involved mechanisms. Based on this, this review provides more insights into new molecular mechanisms of osteoporosis and provides a reference for developing more natural anti-osteoporosis drugs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Li
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Dandan Li
- College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Renchang Chen
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Shang Gao
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Zhanwang Xu
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China; Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Nianhu Li
- First College of Clinical Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China; Department of Orthopedics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250014, China.
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6
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Zhang RN, Sun ZJ, Zhang L. Pyroptosis in inflammatory bone diseases: Molecular insights and targeting strategies. FASEB J 2022; 36:e22670. [PMID: 36412502 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202201229r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bone diseases include osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), which can cause severe bone damage in a chronic inflammation state, putting tremendous pressure on the patients' families and government agencies regarding medical costs. In addition, the complexity of osteoimmunology makes research on these diseases difficult. Hence, it is urgent to determine the potential mechanisms and find effective drugs to target inflammatory bone diseases to reduce the negative effects of these diseases. Recently, pyroptosis, a gasdermin-induced necrotic cell death featuring secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and lysis, has become widely known. Based on the effect of pyroptosis on immunity, this process has gradually emerged as a vital component in the etiopathogenesis of inflammatory bone diseases. Herein, we review the characteristics and mechanisms of pyroptosis and then focus on its clinical significance in inflammatory bone diseases. In addition, we summarize the current research progress of drugs targeting pyroptosis to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of inflammatory bone diseases and provide new insights for future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruo-Nan Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi-Jun Sun
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head Neck Oncology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Wang Z, Li Y, Liao W, Huang J, Liu Y, Li Z, Tang J. Gut microbiota remodeling: A promising therapeutic strategy to confront hyperuricemia and gout. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:935723. [PMID: 36034697 PMCID: PMC9399429 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.935723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of hyperuricemia (HUA) and gout continuously increases and has become a major public health problem. The gut microbiota, which colonizes the human intestine, has a mutually beneficial and symbiotic relationship with the host and plays a vital role in the host’s metabolism and immune regulation. Structural changes or imbalance in the gut microbiota could cause metabolic disorders and participate in the synthesis of purine-metabolizing enzymes and the release of inflammatory cytokines, which is closely related to the occurrence and development of the metabolic immune disease HUA and gout. The gut microbiota as an entry point to explore the pathogenesis of HUA and gout has become a new research hotspot. This review summarizes the characteristics of the gut microbiota in patients with HUA and gout. Meanwhile, the influence of different dietary structures on the gut microbiota, the effect of the gut microbiota on purine and uric acid metabolism, and the internal relationship between the gut microbiota and metabolic endotoxemia/inflammatory factors are explored. Moreover, the intervention effects of probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbial transplantation on HUA and gout are also systematically reviewed to provide a gut flora solution for the prevention and treatment of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilei Wang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Zhilei Wang, ; Jianyuan Tang,
| | - Yuchen Li
- College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenhao Liao
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ju Huang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yanping Liu
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyong Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianyuan Tang
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Zhilei Wang, ; Jianyuan Tang,
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8
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Li Y, Sun S, Wen C, Zhong J, Jiang Q. Effect of Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF on human calvarial osteoblast apoptosis. BMC Oral Health 2022; 22:279. [PMID: 35804353 PMCID: PMC9264677 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-022-02295-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Enterococcus faecalis is a dominant pathogen in the root canals of teeth with persistent apical periodontitis (PAP), and osteoblast apoptosis contributes to imbalanced bone remodelling in PAP. Here, we investigated the effect of E. faecalis OG1RF on apoptosis in primary human calvarial osteoblasts. Specifically, the expression of apoptosis-related genes and the role of anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic members of the BCL-2 family were examined. Methods Primary human calvarial osteoblasts were incubated with E. faecalis OG1RF at multiplicities of infection corresponding to infection time points. Flow cytometry, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling (TUNEL) assay, caspase-3/-8/-9 activity assay, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) array, and quantitative real-time PCR were used to assess osteoblast apoptosis. Results E. faecalis infection increased the number of early- and late-phase apoptotic cells and TUNEL-positive cells, decreased the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and activated the caspase-3/-8/-9 pathway. Moreover, of all 84 apoptosis-related genes in the PCR array, the expression of 16 genes was upregulated and that of four genes was downregulated in the infected osteoblasts. Notably, the mRNA expression of anti-apoptotic BCL2 was downregulated, whereas that of the pro-apoptotic BCL2L11, HRK, BIK, BMF, NOXA, and BECN1 and anti-apoptotic BCL2A1 was upregulated. Conclusions E. faecalis OG1RF infection triggered apoptosis in human calvarial osteoblasts, and BCL-2 family members acted as regulators of osteoblast apoptosis. Therefore, BCL-2 family members may act as potential therapeutic targets for persistent apical periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Shuyu Sun
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Wen
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Jialin Zhong
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Qianzhou Jiang
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Oral Restoration and Reconstruction, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, 510182, China.
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9
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Jiang W, Deng Z, Dai X, Zhao W. PANoptosis: A New Insight Into Oral Infectious Diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 12:789610. [PMID: 34970269 PMCID: PMC8712492 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.789610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The oral microbiome, one of the most complex and intensive microbial ecosystems in the human body, comprises bacteria, archaea, fungi, protozoa, and viruses. Dysbiosis of the oral microbiome is the initiating factor that leads to oral infectious diseases. Infection is a sophisticated biological process involving interplay between the pathogen and the host, which often leads to activation of programmed cell death. Studies suggest that pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis are involved in multiple oral infectious diseases. Further understanding of crosstalk between cell death pathways has led to pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis being integrated into a single term: PANoptosis. PANoptosis is a multifaceted agent of the immune response that has important pathophysiological relevance to infectious diseases, autoimmunity, and cancer. As such, it plays an important role in innate immune cells that detect and eliminate intracellular pathogens. In addition to the classical model of influenza virus-infected and Yersinia-infected macrophages, other studies have expanded the scope of PANoptosis to include other microorganisms, as well as potential roles in cell types other than macrophages. In this review, we will summarize the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying inflammation and tissue destruction caused by oral pathogens. We present an overview of different pathogens that may induce activation of PANoptosis, along with the functional consequences of PANoptosis in the context of oral infectious diseases. To advance our understanding of immunology, we also explore the strategies used by microbes that enable immune evasion and replication within host cells. Improved understanding of the interplay between the host and pathogen through PANoptosis will direct development of therapeutic strategies that target oral infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyi Jiang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zilong Deng
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingzhu Dai
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanghong Zhao
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Park OJ, Kim AR, So YJ, Im J, Ji HJ, Ahn KB, Seo HS, Yun CH, Han SH. Induction of Apoptotic Cell Death by Oral Streptococci in Human Periodontal Ligament Cells. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:738047. [PMID: 34721337 PMCID: PMC8551966 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.738047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Initiation and progression of oral infectious diseases are associated with streptococcal species. Bacterial infection induces inflammatory responses together with reactive oxygen species (ROS), often causing cell death and tissue damage in the host. In the present study, we investigated the effects of oral streptococci on cytotoxicity and ROS production in human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells. Streptococcus gordonii showed cell cytotoxicity in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The cytotoxicity might be due to apoptosis since S. gordonii increased annexin V-positive cells, and the cytotoxicity was reduced by an apoptosis inhibitor, Z-VAD-FMK. Other oral streptococci such as Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus sanguinis, and Streptococcus sobrinus also induced apoptosis, whereas Streptococcus mutans did not. All streptococci tested except S. mutans triggered ROS production in human PDL cells. Interestingly, however, streptococci-induced apoptosis appears to be ROS-independent, as the cell death induced by S. gordonii was not recovered by the ROS inhibitor, resveratrol or n-acetylcysteine. Instead, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) appears to be important for the cytotoxic effects of streptococci since most oral streptococci except S. mutans generated H2O2, and the cytotoxicity was dramatically reduced by catalase. Furthermore, streptococcal lipoproteins are involved in cytotoxicity, as we observed that cytotoxicity induced by the lipoprotein-deficient S. gordonii mutant was less potent than that by the wild-type and was attenuated by anti-TLR2-neutralizing antibody. Indeed, lipoproteins purified from S. gordonii alone were sufficient to induce cytotoxicity. Notably, S. gordonii lipoproteins did not induce H2O2 or ROS but cooperatively induced cell death when co-treated with H2O2. Taken together, these results suggest that most oral streptococci except S. mutans efficiently induce damage to human PDL cells by inducing apoptotic cell death with bacterial H2O2 and lipoproteins, which might contribute to the progression of oral infectious diseases such as apical periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ok-Jin Park
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - A Reum Kim
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yoon Ju So
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jintaek Im
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Ji
- Research Division for Radiation Science, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Ki Bum Ahn
- Research Division for Radiation Science, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Ho Seong Seo
- Research Division for Radiation Science, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, South Korea
| | - Cheol-Heui Yun
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Green Bio Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang, South Korea
| | - Seung Hyun Han
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
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11
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Li Y, Wen C, Zhong J, Ling J, Jiang Q. Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF induces apoptosis in MG63 cells via caspase-3/-8/-9 without activation of caspase-1/GSDMD. Oral Dis 2021; 28:2026-2035. [PMID: 34370363 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Regulated cell death is key in the pathogenesis of persistent apical periodontitis. Here, we investigated the mechanisms of regulated cell death in osteoblast-like MG63 cells infected with Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF. MATERIALS AND METHODS MG63 cells were infected with live E. faecalis OG1RF at the indicated multiplicity of infection for the indicated infection time. We evaluated the cells by flow cytometry, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling assay and lactate dehydrogenase release analysis; measured the activity of caspase-1/-3/-8/-9 and the release of interleukin-1β; and determined the expression of apoptosis-associated proteins and gasdermin D by apoptosis antibody array and Western blotting. RESULTS Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF reduced the mitochondrial membrane potential of the infected cells, increased the percentage of apoptotic and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labelling-positive cells, and enhanced lactate dehydrogenase release. The expression of caspase-3 and survivin and the activity of caspase-3/-8/-9 were upregulated, while the expression of death receptor 6 was downregulated. The activity of caspase-1/gasdermin D and the release of interleukin-1β remained unaltered. CONCLUSION Enterococcus faecalis OG1RF induced both intrinsic and extrinsic MG63 cell apoptosis via caspase-3/-8/-9 activation but did not activate the pyroptotic pathway regulated by caspase-1/gasdermin D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Cheng Wen
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jialin Zhong
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junqi Ling
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianzhou Jiang
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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12
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Kim EN, Nabende WY, Jeong H, Hahn D, Jeong GS. The Marine-Derived Natural Product Epiloliolide Isolated from Sargassum horneri Regulates NLRP3 via PKA/CREB, Promoting Proliferation and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Human Periodontal Ligament Cells. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:388. [PMID: 34356813 PMCID: PMC8304756 DOI: 10.3390/md19070388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, periodontitis treatment relies on surgical operations, anti-inflammatory agents, or antibiotics. However, these treatments cause pain and side effects, resulting in a poor prognosis. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated the impact of the compound epiloliolide isolated from Sargassum horneri on the recovery of inflammatory inhibitors and loss of periodontal ligaments, which are essential treatment strategies for periodontitis. Here, human periodontal ligament cells stimulated with PG-LPS were treated with the compound epiloliolide, isolated from S. horneri. In the results of this study, epiloliolide proved the anti-inflammatory effect, cell proliferation capacity, and differentiation potential of periodontal ligament cells into osteoblasts, through the regulation of the PKA/CREB signaling pathway. Epiloliolide effectively increased the proliferation and migration of human periodontal ligament cells without cytotoxicity and suppressed the protein expression of proinflammatory mediators and cytokines, such as iNOS, COX-2, TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β, by downregulating NLRP3 activated by PG-LPS. Epiloliolide also upregulated the phosphorylation of PKA/CREB proteins, which play an important role in cell growth and proliferation. It was confirmed that the anti-inflammatory effect in PG-LPS-stimulated large cells was due to the regulation of PKA/CREB signaling. We suggest that epiloliolide could serve as a potential novel therapeutic agent for periodontitis by inhibiting inflammation and restoring the loss of periodontal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Nam Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Daegu 42601, Korea;
| | - Woguti Yvonne Nabende
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (W.Y.N.); (H.J.)
| | - Hyeyoon Jeong
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (W.Y.N.); (H.J.)
| | - Dongyup Hahn
- School of Food Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (W.Y.N.); (H.J.)
- Department of Integrative Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea
| | - Gil-Saeng Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Daegu 42601, Korea;
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13
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Zhang J, Wei K. Necrosulfonamide reverses pyroptosis-induced inhibition of proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts through the NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD pathway. Exp Cell Res 2021; 405:112648. [PMID: 34119493 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2021.112648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The acute inflammatory stimulation occurring after a bone fracture regulates the repair and healing of local bone injury; however, under certain conditions, pyroptosis may occur in osteoblasts, which affects osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, thereby affecting the growth, development and morphological changes of bone tissue. The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of the pyroptosis inhibitor necrosulfonamide (NSA) on the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts and elucidate the underlying mechanism. The results revealed that NSA reversed the effects of ATP/lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on cell viability and pyroptosis, and on the mRNA and protein expression of pyroptosis-related genes. It also suppressed the secretion of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β and reversed the effects of ATP/LPS on the activity of ALP and the mRNA expression of differentiation-related genes in osteoblasts. The fact that overexpression of caspase-1, gasdermin D (GSDMD) and NLRP3 abolished the effects of NSA on the viability and pyroptosis of osteoblasts, as well as the mRNA expression of differentiation-related genes and the activity of ALP in osteoblasts, indicated that NSA promoted the proliferation and differentiation of osteoblasts by inhibiting the NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD pyroptosis pathway. The present study provides proof supporting the potential application of NSA for improving the function of osteoblasts in fracture repair and indicates the value of the NLRP3/caspase-1/GSDMD pyroptosis pathway as a pharmaceutical target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingliao Zhang
- Department of Foot and Ankle, Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Kuanhai Wei
- Devision of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Department of Orthopaedics, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China; Department of Orthopaedics, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Bone and Cartilage Regeneration Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
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14
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Li Y, Ling J, Jiang Q. Inflammasomes in Alveolar Bone Loss. Front Immunol 2021; 12:691013. [PMID: 34177950 PMCID: PMC8221428 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.691013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone remodeling is tightly controlled by osteoclast-mediated bone resorption and osteoblast-mediated bone formation. Fine tuning of the osteoclast-osteoblast balance results in strict synchronization of bone resorption and formation, which maintains structural integrity and bone tissue homeostasis; in contrast, dysregulated bone remodeling may cause pathological osteolysis, in which inflammation plays a vital role in promoting bone destruction. The alveolar bone presents high turnover rate, complex associations with the tooth and periodontium, and susceptibility to oral pathogenic insults and mechanical stress, which enhance its complexity in host defense and bone remodeling. Alveolar bone loss is also involved in systemic bone destruction and is affected by medication or systemic pathological factors. Therefore, it is essential to investigate the osteoimmunological mechanisms involved in the dysregulation of alveolar bone remodeling. The inflammasome is a supramolecular protein complex assembled in response to pattern recognition receptors and damage-associated molecular patterns, leading to the maturation and secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines and activation of inflammatory responses. Pyroptosis downstream of inflammasome activation also facilitates the clearance of intracellular pathogens and irritants. However, inadequate or excessive activity of the inflammasome may allow for persistent infection and infection spreading or uncontrolled destruction of the alveolar bone, as commonly observed in periodontitis, periapical periodontitis, peri-implantitis, orthodontic tooth movement, medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw, nonsterile or sterile osteomyelitis of the jaw, and osteoporosis. In this review, we present a framework for understanding the role and mechanism of canonical and noncanonical inflammasomes in the pathogenesis and development of etiologically diverse diseases associated with alveolar bone loss. Inappropriate inflammasome activation may drive alveolar osteolysis by regulating cellular players, including osteoclasts, osteoblasts, osteocytes, periodontal ligament cells, macrophages, monocytes, neutrophils, and adaptive immune cells, such as T helper 17 cells, causing increased osteoclast activity, decreased osteoblast activity, and enhanced periodontium inflammation by creating a pro-inflammatory milieu in a context- and cell type-dependent manner. We also discuss promising therapeutic strategies targeting inappropriate inflammasome activity in the treatment of alveolar bone loss. Novel strategies for inhibiting inflammasome signaling may facilitate the development of versatile drugs that carefully balance the beneficial contributions of inflammasomes to host defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junqi Ling
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianzhou Jiang
- Department of Endodontics, Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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15
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Liu B, Zeng Q, Chen H, Liao J, Bai Y, Han Q, Qiao N, Wang S, Mehmood K, Hussain R, Ahmed BZ, Tang Z, Zhang H, Li Y. The hepatotoxicity of altrazine exposure in mice involves the intestinal microbiota. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 272:129572. [PMID: 33485040 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.129572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Atrazine (ATR), a bio accumulative herbicide is frequently used in agriculture to control unwanted weeds. Due to continuous application, atrazine persists in the environment and causes deleterious impacts including neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, and gut microbiota disorders. Therefore, this study for the first time reports the variation in the gut microbiota, induction of process of apoptosis and autophagy in mice induced by ATR. Results indicated that TUNEL-positive hepatocytes suggestive of apoptosis were increased in livers of different experimental mice. Results on metabolic analysis in liver tissues indicated an overall change in seventy-six metabolites particularly Uridine 5'-diphosphate, Propenoylcarnitine and Chinenoside V resulting in generation of energy-related metabolic disorders and imbalance of oxidation/autoxidation status. Results on gut microbiome inquisition showed that ATR changed the richness and diversity of gut microbiota of mice and number of Firmicutes. Moreover, results also revealed that ATR induced apoptosis via disruption of apoptotic (Bax, Bcl2, and Casp3) and autophagy (LC3/Map1lc3a, Beclin 1/Becn1 and P62/Sqstm1) genes. Results of our experimental study confirmed that changes in gut microbiota play a significant role in process of gut immune regulation and inflammation via different metabolites. In conclusion, the findings of our study provide a new idea for the involvement of mechanisms of detoxification in liver and inquisition of gut microbiota plays crucial role in regulation of physiological activities through liver-gut axis to mitigate toxic effects in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingxian Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qiwen Zeng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hanming Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jianzhao Liao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yuman Bai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Qingyue Han
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Na Qiao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shuzhou Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Hussain
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Bhutto Zohaib Ahmed
- Labela University of Agriculture, Water, and Marine Sciences, Uthal, Balochistan, Pakistan
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Ying Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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16
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Lei L, Sun J, Han J, Jiang X, Wang Z, Chen L. Interleukin-17 induces pyroptosis in osteoblasts through the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway in vitro. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 96:107781. [PMID: 34004438 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.107781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Interleukin-17 (lL-17), a pro-inflammatory cytokine produced by Th17 cells, is also considered to play an important role in bone metabolism, but the exact mechanism of bone destruction remains unclear. In this study, we explored whether IL-17 could induce osteoblasts pyroptosis in vitro. METHODS The murine primary osteoblasts were isolated from the calvarial bones of mice. The proliferation of osteoblasts was evaluated by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The mRNA levels of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis associated speck like protein containing a card (ASC), caspase-1, gasdermin-D (GSDMD), IL-1β and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) were measured by real-time quantitative PCR. Pyroptosis after IL-17 treatment was evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) Release Assay Kit and the morphological characteristics of osteoblasts were observed via Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Pyroptosis associated proteins, cleaved IL-1β and RANKL were evaluated through western blot. The release of IL-1β and RANKL was measured by ELISA. In addition, calcium nodule was tested by alizarin red staining. RESULTS High concentration IL-17 (100 ng/mL) could affect the proliferation of osteoblasts, promote the gene expression of NLRP3, caspase-1, GSDMD, IL-1β and RANKL. In contrast to control group, osteoblasts treated with IL-17 had the appearance of numerous pores, swelling and rupture. Also, the release of LDH, IL-1β and RANKL increased in the presence of IL-17. However, inhibition of NLRP3 prevented activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, thereby restoring osteoblasts morphology and function. CONCLUSION IL-17 induced osteoblasts pyroptosis, and the pyroptosis of osteoblasts may prompt the release of IL-1β and RANKL,which may further contribute to disruption of bone metabolism. Besides, the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway was involved in the pyroptosis of osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Lei
- Department of Oral Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Department of Oral Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiayin Han
- Department of Oral Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojian Jiang
- Department of Oral Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhongxiu Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Oral Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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17
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Waziri A, Bharti C, Aslam M, Jamil P, Mirza A, Javed MN, Pottoo U, Ahmadi A, Alam MS. Probiotics for the Chemoprotective Role Against the Toxic Effect of Cancer Chemotherapy. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 22:654-667. [PMID: 33992067 DOI: 10.2174/1871520621666210514000615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The processes of chemo- and radiation therapy-based clinical management of different types of cancers are associated with toxicity and side effects of chemotherapeutic agents. So, there is always an unmet need to explore agents to reduce such risk factors. Among these, natural products have generated much attention because of their potent antioxidant and antitumor effects. In the past, some breakthrough outcomes established that various bacteria in the human intestinal gut are bearing growth-promoting attributes and suppressing the conversion of pro-carcinogens into carcinogens. Hence, probiotics integrated approaches are nowadays being explored as rationalized therapeutics in the clinical management of cancer. METHODS Here, published literature was explored to review chemoprotective roles of probiotics against toxic and side effects of chemotherapeutics. RESULTS Apart from excellent anti-cancer abilities, probiotics are bearing and alleviate toxicity and side effects of chemotherapeutics, with a high degree of safety and efficiency. CONCLUSION Preclinical and clinical evidence suggested that due to the chemoprotective roles of probiotics against side effects and toxicity of chemotherapeutics, their integration in chemotherapy would be a judicious approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aafrin Waziri
- University School of Biotechnology, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi, India
| | - Charu Bharti
- School of medical and Allied Sciences, K R Mangalam University, Haryana, India
| | - Mohammed Aslam
- Faculty of Pharmacy, AL Hawash Private University, Homs, Serbia
| | - Parween Jamil
- Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi, India
| | - Aamir Mirza
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Uzma Pottoo
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Applied Sciences & Technology, University of Kashmir, JK, India
| | - Amirhossein Ahmadi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Md Sabir Alam
- School of medical and Allied Sciences, K R Mangalam University, Haryana, India
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18
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Dai X, Deng Z, Liang Y, Chen L, Jiang W, Zhao W. Enterococcus faecalis
induces necroptosis in human osteoblastic MG63 cells through the RIPK3 / MLKL signalling pathway. Int Endod J 2020; 53:1204-1215. [PMID: 32379949 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- X. Dai
- Department of Stomatology Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Z. Deng
- Department of Stomatology Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - Y. Liang
- Department of Stomatology Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - L. Chen
- Department of Stomatology Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - W Jiang
- Department of Stomatology Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
| | - W. Zhao
- Department of Stomatology Nanfang Hospital Southern Medical University Guangzhou China
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19
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Liang F, Zhang F, Zhang L, Wei W. The advances in pyroptosis initiated by inflammasome in inflammatory and immune diseases. Inflamm Res 2020; 69:159-166. [PMID: 31932850 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-020-01315-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Pyroptosis is a programmed and inflammatory cell death initiated by inflammasome. During pyroptosis, cytosolic pattern recognition receptors, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein and pro-Caspase-1 form activated inflammasome together. Caspase-1 activated by inflammasome results in generating an N-terminal cleavage product of gasdermin D (GSDMD), which is a major executor of pyroptosis. As a consequence of pyroptosis, a large number of pro-inflammatory cytokines are released including IL-1β and IL-18. Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors (NLRs) and absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2)-like receptors (ALRs) belong to cytosolic pattern recognition receptors and assemble inflammasomes by detecting host cell damage signals. Pyroptosis pathways are divided into canonical and non-canonical pathways according to the identification of damage signals by cytoplasmic protein sensors. Pyroptosis not only plays an important role in infection, but also plays a vital role in inflammatory immune diseases. This article reviews the advances research of pyroptosis initiated by inflammasome in inflammatory and immune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faqin Liang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Anti-Inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Anti-Inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Anti-Inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine (Anhui Medical University), Ministry of Education, Anti-Inflammatory Immune Drugs Collaborative Innovation Center, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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20
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Tao Z, Wang J, Wen K, Yao R, Da W, Zhou S, Meng Y, Qiu S, Yang K, Zhu Y, Tao L. Pyroptosis in Osteoblasts: A Novel Hypothesis Underlying the Pathogenesis of Osteoporosis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:548812. [PMID: 33488513 PMCID: PMC7821870 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.548812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis has become a worldwide disease characterized by a reduction in bone mineral density and the alteration of bone architecture leading to an increased risk of fragility fractures. And an increasing number of studies have indicated that osteoblasts undergo a large number of programmed death events by many different causes in osteoporosis and release NLRP3 and interleukin (e.g., inflammatory factors), which play pivotal roles in contributing to excessive differentiation of osteoclasts and result in exaggerated bone resorption. NLRP3 is activated during pyroptosis and processes the precursors of IL-1β and IL-18 into mature forms, which are released into the extracellular milieu accompanied by cell rupture. All of these compounds are the classical factors of pyroptosis. The cellular effects of pyroptosis are commonly observed in osteoporosis. Although many previous studies have focused on the pathogenesis of these inflammatory factors in osteoporosis, pyroptosis has not been previously evaluated. In this review, pyroptosis is proposed as a novel hypothesis of osteoporosis pathogenesis for the first time, thus providing a new direction for the treatment of osteoporosis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengbo Tao
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jinpeng Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Kaicheng Wen
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Renqi Yao
- Department of Burn Surgery, Changhai Hospital, the Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wacili Da
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Siming Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yan Meng
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shui Qiu
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Keda Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lin Tao
- Department of Orthopaedics, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Lin Tao,
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