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Gurbuz P, Duzova H, Taslidere AC, Gul CC. Effects of noopept on ocular, pancreatic and renal histopathology in streptozotocin induced prepubertal diabetic rats. Biotech Histochem 2023:1-12. [PMID: 36946173 DOI: 10.1080/10520295.2023.2187460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease at all ages including childhood and puberty. Failure to treat DM can cause retinopathy, nephropathy and neuropathy. Endocrine and metabolic changes during the pubertal period complicate management of DM. Noopept is a cognitive enhancer that exhibits antidiabetic properties. We investigated the effect of noopept on the histopathology of the cornea, retina, kidney and pancreas in pubertal diabetic rats. We allocated 60 prepubertal male rats randomly into six groups of 10: untreated control (C), DM control (DC), noopept control (NC), DM + noopept (D + N), DM + insulin (D + I) and DM + insulin + noopept (D + I + N). DM was induced by streptozotocin in the DC, D + N, D + I and D + I + N groups. Noopept was administered to the NC, D + N and D + I + N groups; insulin was administered to the D + I and D + I + N groups for 14 days. On day 18 of the experiment, animals were sacrificed and eyes, kidneys and pancreata were excised for histological investigation. Renal tubule diameter and corneal and retinal thickness were increased significantly in DC groups compared to the control group. The D + I, D + N and D + I + N groups exhibited fewer DM induced pathological changes than the DC group. The D + I + N group exhibited no significant differences in renal tubule diameter and corneal and retinal thickness compared to the DC group. Our findings suggest that noopept is protective against DM end organ complications in streptozotocin induced diabetic pubertal rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perihan Gurbuz
- Vocational School of Health Services, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Halil Duzova
- Physiology Department, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Asli Cetin Taslidere
- Histology and Embryology Department, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey
| | - Cemile Ceren Gul
- Histology and Embryology Department, Inonu University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey
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Radmehr V, Mojadami S, Ahangarpour A, Mard SA. Protective effects of crocin and gallic acid on the liver damage induced by methylglyoxal in male mice: role of inflammatory factors. GASTROENTEROLOGY AND HEPATOLOGY FROM BED TO BENCH 2023; 16:499-508. [PMID: 37070111 PMCID: PMC10105510 DOI: 10.22037/ghfbb.v16i1.2620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Aim This study aims to evaluate whether biochemical alterations caused by methylglyoxal (MG), improves by the administration of gallic acid (GA), crocin (Cr), and metformin (MT) in the liver. Background MG is produced naturally through various physiological processes, but high levels of MG cause inflammation in hepatocytes. Normal liver function is essential for maintaining glucose homeostasis. Gallic acid and crocin can reduce inflammation. Methods This experiment was done in 5 weeks. 50 male NMRI mice were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=10): 1) Control, 2) MG (600 mg/Kg/d, p.o.), 3) MG+GA (30 mg/kg/day, p.o.), 4) MG+Cr (60 mg/kg/day, p.o.), 5) MG+MT (150 mg/kg/day, p.o.). After one week of habituation, MG was administered for four weeks. Gallic acid, crocin, and metformin were administered in the last two weeks. Biochemical and histologic evaluations were assessed after plasma collection and tissue sample preparation. Results Gallic acid and crocin-received groups significantly reduced fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride levels, and elevated insulin sensitivity. Administration of MG exerted a marked increase in the levels of hepatic enzymes. Treatment with gallic acid, crocin, and metformin significantly decreased them. The altered levels of inflammatory factors in the diabetic group were significantly improved in the diabetic-treated groups. High levels of steatosis and red blood cells (RBCs) accumulation in the MG group markedly recovered in other treated mice. Conclusion Harmful effects of accumulated MG in the liver of diabetic mice were effectively attenuated by using gallic acid and crocin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Radmehr
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shahnaz Mojadami
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Science, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Akram Ahangarpour
- Department of Physiology, Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Seyyed Ali Mard
- Department of Physiology, Alimentary Tract Research Center, Persian Gulf Physiology Research Center, Medical Basic Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Simvastatin Improves Microcirculatory Function in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Downregulates Oxidative and ALE-RAGE Stress. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030716. [PMID: 35277075 PMCID: PMC8838100 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased reactive oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, inflammation, and fibrosis, which contribute to tissue damage and development and progression of nonalcoholic liver disease (NAFLD), play important roles in microcirculatory disorders. We investigated the effect of the modulatory properties of simvastatin (SV) on the liver and adipose tissue microcirculation as well as metabolic and oxidative stress parameters, including the advanced lipoxidation end product–receptors of advanced glycation end products (ALE-RAGE) pathway. SV was administered to an NAFLD model constructed using a high-fat–high-carbohydrate diet (HFHC). HFHC caused metabolic changes indicative of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; treatment with SV protected the mice from developing NAFLD. SV prevented microcirculatory dysfunction in HFHC-fed mice, as evidenced by decreased leukocyte recruitment to hepatic and fat microcirculation, decreased hepatic stellate cell activation, and improved hepatic capillary network architecture and density. SV restored basal microvascular blood flow in the liver and adipose tissue and restored the endothelium-dependent vasodilatory response of adipose tissue to acetylcholine. SV treatment restored antioxidant enzyme activity and decreased lipid peroxidation, ALE-RAGE pathway activation, steatosis, fibrosis, and inflammatory parameters. Thus, SV may improve microcirculatory function in NAFLD by downregulating oxidative and ALE-RAGE stress and improving steatosis, fibrosis, and inflammatory parameters.
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Lino Rodrigues K, Vieira Dias Da Silva V, Nunes Goulart da Silva Pereira E, Rangel Silvares R, Peres de Araujo B, Eduardo Ilaquita Flores E, Ramos IP, Pereira Borges J, Fernandes-Santos C, Daliry A. Aerobic Exercise Training Improves Microvascular Function and Oxidative Stress Parameters in Diet-Induced Type 2 Diabetic Mice. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2022; 15:2991-3005. [PMID: 36200064 PMCID: PMC9527816 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s365496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Type 2 diabetic (T2D) patients have liver and adipose tissue microcirculation disturbances associated with metabolic dysfunction and disease progression. However, the potential role of aerobic training on hepatic and white adipose tissue (WAT) microcirculation and the underlying mechanisms have not been elucidated to date. Therefore, we investigated the role of aerobic training on liver and WAT microcirculation and AGE-RAGE modulation in T2D mice. METHODS The control group (CTL) was fed standard chow, and T2D was induced by feeding male C57BL/6 a high-fat, high-carbohydrate diet for 24 weeks. In the following 12 weeks, mice underwent aerobic training (CTL EX and T2D EX groups), or were kept sedentary (CTL and T2D groups). We assessed metabolic parameters, biochemical markers, oxidative damage, the AGE-RAGE axis, hepatic steatosis, hepatic stellate cells activation (HSC) and liver and WAT microcirculation. RESULTS Hepatic microcirculation was improved in T2D EX mice which were associated with improvements in body, liver and fat mass, blood pressure, hepatic steatosis and fibrosis, and decreased HSC and AGE-RAGE activation. In contrast, improvement in WAT microcirculation, that is, decreased leukocyte recruitment and increased perfusion, was associated with increased catalase antioxidant activity. CONCLUSION Physical training improves hepatic and adipose tissue microcirculatory dysfunction associated with T2D, likely due to downregulation of AGE-RAGE axis, decreased HSC activation and increased antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Lino Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Raquel Rangel Silvares
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Peres de Araujo
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Isalira Peroba Ramos
- National Center of Structural Biology and Bio-imaging, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Juliana Pereira Borges
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Caroline Fernandes-Santos
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Department of Basic Sciences, Federal Fluminense University, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil
| | - Anissa Daliry
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Correspondence: Anissa Daliry, Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Pavilhão Ozorio de Almeida Av. Brasil, 4365 (Room 14), Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, CEP: 21040-900, Brazil, Tel +55 212562-1312, Email
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Jamal Gilani S, Nasser Bin-Jumah M, Al-Abbasi FA, Shahid Nadeem M, Afzal M, Sayyed N, Kazmi I. Fustin ameliorates hyperglycemia in streptozotocin induced type-2 diabetes via modulating glutathione/Superoxide dismutase/Catalase expressions, suppress lipid peroxidation and regulates histopathological changes. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:6963-6971. [PMID: 34866996 PMCID: PMC8626260 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptozotocin (STZ) 60 mg/kg, i.p.-induced diabetes in rat’s results into hyperglycemia, impaired oxidative stress, lipid profile, insulin levels and changes in body weight. Treatment with antihyperglycemics and antioxidants are accounted to produce favorable effect in this paradigm. Fustin, a flavonoid derived from Rhus verniciflua, extract of Rhus verniciflua reported to exhibit anti-hyperglycemic, antioxidant, anti-microbial, anti-arthritic effects, anti-obesity effects, antiplatelet effects and anti-cancer effects. However, no evidence is existing on effect of fustin on STZ-induction diabetes. Thus, we evaluated its effects against diabetes in STZ-induced rodents. Blood glucose, Insulin, lipid peroxidation (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase activity (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and lipid profile levels was assessed. After 30 days diabetes induction rodents showed a severe increased blood sugar level, MDA, high density lipid and decreased cholestrol, triglyceride, GSH, SOD, CAT, respectively. Oppositely, treatment with fustin (50–100 mg/kg/p.o., two times daily, 30 days) enhanced blood glucose, lipid profile levels Insulin. Meanwhile, reduced MDA and enhanced GSH, SOD, and CAT in diabetic rats. Glibenclamide 5 mg/kg/p.o. also enhanced diabetes-induced complications and decreased oxidative stress. Further histopathology of pancreas confirms the protective effect fustin in STZ-induction diabetes in animals. In conclusion, the study revealed treatments with fustin avoid the changes in body weight, blood glucose, lipid profile and oxidative stress. As a results of these finding may lead to the growth of a choice of medicine for hyperglycemic in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Jamal Gilani
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Preparatory Year, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - May Nasser Bin-Jumah
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Environment and Biomaterial Unit, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A. Al-Abbasi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shahid Nadeem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakakah 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadeem Sayyed
- Clinical Research Department, Meril Life Sciences Pvt. Ltd., India
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Corresponding author.
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Gilani S, Bin-Jumah MN, Al-Abbasi FA, Nadeem MS, Afzal M, Sayyed N, Kazmi I. Fustin Ameliorates Elevated Levels of Leptin, Adiponectin, Serum TNF-α, and Intracellular Oxidative Free Radicals in High-Fat Diet and Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:26098-26107. [PMID: 34660970 PMCID: PMC8515611 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Fustin is a prominent ingredient of Rhus verniciflua Stokes (Anacardiaceae) and has a wide range of pharmacological and clinical effects. The present study attempted to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of fustin in streptozotocin- and high-fat diet-induced diabetes in rats. The efficacy of fustin 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg/day p.o. was studied in 60% of total calories from fat as a high-fat diet along with single-dose administration streptozotocin (50 mg/kg, i.p.) experimentally induced diabetes in rats for 42 days. The mean body weight; blood glucose; and biochemical parameters such as lipid profile, total protein (TP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), malondialdehyde (MDA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), insulin, leptin levels, adiponectin levels, glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) activity in serum were measured. The rats' weight was maintained in the fustin groups compared to the diabetic control group. Diabetes caused a significant increase in serum levels in blood glucose, lipid profile, MDA, TNF-α, ALT, and AST parameters and a decrease in serum insulin, adiponectin, leptin, GSH, SOD, and CAT compared to healthy rats. The treatment regimen with fustin (50 and 100 mg/kg) significantly restored all serum parameters in test groups. The present study found clinical evidence for the first time regarding the significant antidiabetic property of fustin, which could be a worthwhile candidate for the treatment of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf
Jamal Gilani
- Department
of Basic Health Sciences, Preparatory Year, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - May Nasser Bin-Jumah
- Biology
Department, College of Science, Princess
Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Environment
and Biomaterial Unit, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fahad A. Al-Abbasi
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King
Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Shahid Nadeem
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King
Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department
of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf
University, Sakakah 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadeem Sayyed
- Department
of Clinical Research, Meril Life Sciences
Pvt. Ltd., Gujarat 396191, India
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King
Abdulaziz University Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia
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Pereira ENGDS, Paula DP, Araujo BPD, Fonseca MDJMD, Diniz MDFHS, Daliry A, Griep RH. Advanced glycation end product: A potential biomarker for risk stratification of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in ELSA-Brasil study. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:4913-4928. [PMID: 34447235 PMCID: PMC8371502 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i29.4913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver diseases are associated with the excess formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which induce tissue inflammation and oxidative damage. However, the trend of oxidative marker levels according to the steatosis grade in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is unclear.
AIM To compare serum AGE levels between participants with NAFLD accordingly to steatosis severity in the baseline ELSA-Brasil population.
METHODS In 305 individuals at baseline ELSA-Brasil, NAFLD-associated steatosis was classified by ultrasound hepatic attenuation. The participants were grouped according to the severity of steatosis: mild and moderate/severe pooled. The measurement of serum fluorescent AGE concentrations was based on spectrofluorimetric detection. Serum AGE content and clinical and laboratory characteristics of the participants were compared between groups. The correlation between serum AGE levels and the grade of steatosis was analyzed. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between serum AGE levels and steatosis severity. A P value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
RESULTS According to the steatosis severity spectrum in NAFLD, from mild to moderate/severe, individuals with the most severe steatosis grade had a higher incidence of metabolic syndrome (63% vs 34%, P ≤ 0.001), diabetes mellitus (37% vs 14%, P ≤ 0.001), and high cholesterol levels (51% vs 33%, P < 0.001). Moreover, individuals with increasing severity of steatosis presented increasing waist circumference, body mass index, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, glycated hemoglobin, insulin, triglycerides, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, C-reactive protein, and uric acid levels and lower high-density lipoprotein. Higher serum AGE content was present in the moderate/severe group of individuals than in the mild group (P = 0.008). In addition, the serum AGE levels were correlated with the steatosis grade in the overall sample (rho = 0.146, P = 0.010). Logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for confounding variables, showed that subjects with higher serum AGE content had a 4.6-fold increased chance of having moderate or severe steatosis when compared to low levels of serum AGEs. According to the results of the receiver operator characteristic curves analyses (areas under the curve, AUC = 0.83), AGEs could be a good marker of steatosis severity in patients with NAFLD and might be a potential biomarker in predicting NAFLD progression, strengthening the involvement of AGE in NAFLD pathogenesis.
CONCLUSION NAFLD-associated steatosis was associated with serum AGE levels; therefore, plasmatic fluorescent AGE quantification by spectroscopy could be a promising alternative method to monitor progression from mild to severe NAFLD accordingly to steatosis grade.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Polessa Paula
- National School of Statistical Sciences, Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Peres de Araujo
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| | | | | | - Anissa Daliry
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Rosane Harter Griep
- Laboratory of Health and Environment Education, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
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Rodrigues KL, Borges JP, Lopes GDO, Pereira ENGDS, Mediano MFF, Farinatti P, Tibiriça E, Daliry A. Influence of Physical Exercise on Advanced Glycation End Products Levels in Patients Living With the Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1641. [PMID: 30574090 PMCID: PMC6291474 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) used to treat acquired immunodeficiency virus (HIV) induces a number of adverse effects, such as insulin resistance and dyslipidemia, which ultimately increases the cardiovascular risk. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been implicated in the etiology of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and other chronic diseases. It is known that physical exercise improves the lipid profile, insulin resistance and reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases. However, the impact of physical exercise on AGE levels in HIV-infected patients has not been so far investigated. Therefore, this study compared AGEs levels in people with and without HIV and verified the effect of physical training on serum AGE levels. Methods: Participants were initially assigned into three groups: healthy control (CTL, n = 35), physically inactive HIV-infected (In-HIV, n = 33) and physically active HIV-infected (Ac-HIV, n = 19). The In-HIV group underwent physical training for 3 months, consisting of 60-min sessions of multimodal supervised exercise (aerobic, resistance and flexibility) with moderate intensity (50–80% heart rate reserve), performed 3 times/week. AGEs were measured in serum by fluorescence spectrometry. Results: At baseline, serum AGEs fluorescence level was significantly higher in inactive HIV-patients when compared to controls or active HIV-patients (In-HIV: 0.93 ± 0.08 vs. controls: 0.68 ± 0.13 and Ac-HIV: 0.59 ± 0.04 A.U.; P < 0.001). Triglycerides were also higher in In-HIV than CTL (182.8 ± 102 vs. 132.8 ± 52.3 mg/dL; P < 0.05). Waist circumference was lower in Ac-HIV, compared to In-HIV and controls (83.9 ± 10.4 vs. 92.9 ± 13.5 and 98.3 ± 12.4, respectively; P < 0.05). Body mass, fasting blood glucose, LDL, HDL, and total cholesterol were similar between groups. After training, AGE levels decreased (Baseline: 0.93 ± 0.08 vs. 3 months follow-up: 0.59 ± 0.04 AU; P < 0.001), no further difference being detected vs. CTL or Ac-HIV. Conclusion: HIV-infected patients under cART exhibited elevated AGEs levels compared to healthy individuals and physically active patients. Short-term aerobic training of moderate intensity counteracted this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Lino Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Juliana Pereira Borges
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabriella de Oliveira Lopes
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Mauro Felippe Felix Mediano
- Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,National Institute of Cardiology, Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Paulo Farinatti
- Laboratory of Physical Activity and Health Promotion, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Tibiriça
- National Institute of Cardiology, Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Anissa Daliry
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Yin H, Huang L, Ouyang T, Chen L. Baicalein improves liver inflammation in diabetic db/db mice by regulating HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 55:55-62. [PMID: 29223854 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The current study was designed to investigate the hepatoprotective effects and possible mechanisms of Baicalein (BA) on the diabetic liver injury in vivo and in vitro. The results exhibited that BA significantly restored the blood glucose in oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and inhibited the levels of insulin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransaminase (AST), total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) in C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice. Moreover, BA strikingly attenuated the extent of steatosis in the liver tissues of diabetic mice. These results confirmed the hepatoprotective effects of BA on diabetic liver injury. Further in vivo investigations revealed that the hepatoprotective activities of BA was due to the effects on remarkably suppressing the inflammatory cascade, including attenuating the expressions of HMGB1, TLR4, Myd88, NF-κB and IκB proteins and inhibiting the production of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in diabetic mice. Finally, the hepatoprotective effects of BA were characterized in human hepatic HepG2 cells. With response to palmitic acid-challenge, increased amount of insulin, ALT, AST, TG, TC were observed, whereas BA pretreatment significantly restored these changes in HepG2 cells. Inflammation condition was also recovered with BA treatment as shown by the changes of HMGB1, TLR4, Myd88, NF-κB and IκB expressions and the levels of IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. These findings elucidated that BA exhibited prominent hepatoprotective activities in diabetic live injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huafeng Yin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, PR China; Jiangxi Qingfeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Ganzhou 341000, PR China
| | - Lihao Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Ting Ouyang
- Jiangxi Qingfeng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Ganzhou 341000, PR China.
| | - Lvyi Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South-Central University for Nationalities, Wuhan 430074, PR China.
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Aydın AF, Bingül İ, Küçükgergin C, Doğan-Ekici I, Doğru Abbasoğlu S, Uysal M. Carnosine decreased oxidation and glycation products in serum and liver of high-fat diet and low-dose streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Int J Exp Pathol 2017; 98:278-288. [PMID: 29205589 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) and low-dose streptozotocin (STZ)-treated rats provide useful animal model for type II diabetes mellitus. Oxidative stress and advanced glycation end products (AGEs) play a role in the development of diabetic complications. Carnosine (CAR) has anti-oxidant and anti-glycating properties. We investigated the effects of CAR on oxidation and glycation products in HFD+STZ rats. Rats were fed with HFD (60% of total calories from fat) for 4 weeks, and then a single dose of STZ (40 mg/kg; i.p.) was applied. Rats with blood glucose levels above 200 mg/dl were fed with HFD until the end of the 12th week. CAR (250 mg/kg body weight; i.p.; five times a week) was administered to the rats for the last four weeks. CAR significantly decreased serum triglyceride (TG) (57.7%), cholesterol (35.6%) levels and hepatic marker enzyme activities of HFD+STZ rats. It significantly reduced serum reactive oxygen species (ROS) (23.7%), AGEs (13.4%) and advanced oxidized protein products (AOPP) (35.9%) and hepatic TG (59%), ROS (26%), malondialdehyde (MDA) (11.5%), protein carbonyl (PC) (19.2%) and AGE (20.2%) levels. Liver steatosis and hepatocyte ballooning were also significantly reduced. However, CAR treatment did not alter serum glucose and blood glycated haemoglobin and hepatic anti-oxidant enzyme activities/mRNA expressions in HFD+STZ rats. Our results indicate that CAR decreased accumulation of oxidation and glycation products, such as MDA, AGE, AOPP and PC in the serum and liver and ameliorated hepatic dysfunction in HFD+STZ rats. This effect may be related to its anti-oxidative, anti-glycating, and anti-lipogenic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - İlknur Bingül
- Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Canan Küçükgergin
- Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Işın Doğan-Ekici
- Department of Pathology, Yeditepe University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Semra Doğru Abbasoğlu
- Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Müjdat Uysal
- Istanbul Medical Faculty, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Adorni CS, Corrêa CR, Vileigas DF, de Campos DHS, Padovani CR, Minatel IO, Cicogna AC. The influence of obesity by a diet high in saturated fats and carbohydrates balance in the manifestation of systemic complications and comorbidities. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1186/s41110-017-0042-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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12
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Amin MM, Arbid MS. Estimation of ellagic acid and/or repaglinide effects on insulin signaling, oxidative stress, and inflammatory mediators of liver, pancreas, adipose tissue, and brain in insulin resistant/type 2 diabetic rats. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017; 42:181-192. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Even though ellagic acid has previously been valued in many models of cancer, so far its full mechanistic effect as a natural antiapoptotic agent in the prevention of type 2 diabetes complications has not been completely elucidated, which was the goal of this study. We fed albino rats a high-fat fructose diet (HFFD) for 2 months to induce insulin resistance/type 2 diabetes and then treated the rats with ellagic acid (10 mg/kg body weight, orally) and/or repaglinide (0.5 mg/kg body weight, orally) for 2 weeks. At the serum level, ellagic acid challenged the consequences of HFFD, significantly improving the glucose/insulin balance, liver enzymes, lipid profile, inflammatory cytokines, redox level, adipokines, ammonia, and manganese. At the tissue level (liver, pancreas, adipose tissue, and brain), ellagic acid significantly enhanced insulin signaling, autophosphorylation, adiponectin receptors, glucose transporters, inflammatory mediators, and apoptotic markers. Remarkably, combined treatment with both ellagic acid and repaglinide had a more pronounced effect than treatment with either alone. These outcomes give new insight into the promising molecular mechanisms by which ellagic acid modulates numerous factors induced in the progression of diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M. Amin
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Division, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Division, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud S. Arbid
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Division, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Division, National Research Centre, 33 EL Bohouth St., Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
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13
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ALrefai AA, Alsalamony AM, Fatani SH, Kamel HFM. Effect of variable antidiabetic treatments strategy on oxidative stress markers in obese patients with T2DM. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2017; 9:27. [PMID: 28546831 PMCID: PMC5444104 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-017-0220-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the effect of different anti-diabetic treatment strategy on oxidative stress markers in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). SUBJECT AND METHODS A total of 93 patients with T2DM treated with metformin (G1 = 25), OHA (G2 = 22), OA and insulin (G3 = 26) and insulin alone (G4 = 20). In all patients, lipid profile and glycemic indices were assessed using routine laboratory tests. MDA and Oxidized LDL were assessed using commercially available ELISA kits. Laboratory tests were performed at baseline and at a control visit after 24 weeks of treatment. RESULTS A significant decrease in the levels of MDA with improvement of glycemic control was observed in the group receiving OHA in combination with insulin therapy. A similar decrease of oxLDL was observed in all diabetic subgroups with borderline significance in those receiving metformin alone. The remaining clinical and biochemical parameters were not changed during follow-up in any of the involved groups. CONCLUSION A combination therapy with insulin was more effective in glycemic control and MDA reduction in T2DM. Whereas, a significant oxLDLc reduction was observed in T2DM irrespective of categories of antidiabetic treatment or glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer A. ALrefai
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebîn El Kôm, Egypt
| | - Alsayed M. Alsalamony
- Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetes and Endocrinology Unit, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Sameer H. Fatani
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University (UQU), Makka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala F. M. Kamel
- Medical Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University (ASU), Cairo, Egypt
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