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Yoshida A, Takata Y, Tabara Y, Maruyama K, Inoue S, Osawa H, Sugiyama T. Interaction effect between low birthweight and resistin gene rs1862513 variant on insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus in adulthood: Toon Genome Study. J Diabetes Investig 2024; 15:725-735. [PMID: 38421160 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.14163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION Gene-environment interactions are considered to critically influence type 2 diabetes mellitus development; however, the underlying mechanisms and specific interactions remain unclear. Given the increasing prevalence of low birthweight (LBW) influenced by the intrauterine environment, we sought to investigate genetic factors related to type 2 diabetes development in individuals with LBW. MATERIALS AND METHODS The interaction between 20 reported type 2 diabetes susceptibility genes and the development of type 2 diabetes in LBW (<2,500 g) individuals in a population-based Japanese cohort (n = 1,021) was examined by logistic regression and stratified analyses. RESULTS Logistic regression analyses showed that only the G/G genotype at the rs1862513 locus of the resistin gene (RETN), an established initiator of insulin resistance, was closely related to the prevalence of type 2 diabetes in individuals with LBW. Age, sex and current body mass index-adjusted stratified analyses showed a significant interaction effect of LBW and the RETN G/G genotype on fasting insulin, homeostatic model assessment 2-insulin resistance, Matsuda index and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes (all P-values for interaction <0.05). The adjusted odds ratio for type 2 diabetes in the LBW + G/G genotype group was 7.33 (95% confidence interval 2.43-22.11; P = 0.002) compared with the non-LBW + non-G/G genotype group. Similar results were obtained after excluding the influence of malnutrition due to World War II. CONCLUSIONS Simultaneous assessment of LBW and the RETN G/G genotype can more accurately predict the risk of future type 2 diabetes than assessing each of these factors alone, and provide management strategies, including early lifestyle intervention in LBW population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayaka Yoshida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yasunori Takata
- Department of Diabetes and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Tabara
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
- Graduate School of Public Health, Shizuoka Graduate University of Public Health, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Koutatsu Maruyama
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Shota Inoue
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Osawa
- Department of Diabetes and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takashi Sugiyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
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Cho S, Rifas-Shiman SL, Harnois-Leblanc S, Aris IM, Oken E, Hivert MF. Associations of Abnormal Maternal Glucose Regulation in Pregnancy with Offspring Adiposity, Insulin Resistance, and Adipokine Markers during Childhood and Adolescence. J Pediatr 2024:114100. [PMID: 38759779 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2024.114100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the associations of abnormal maternal glucose regulation in pregnancy with offspring adiposity, insulin resistance, adipokine, and inflammatory markers during childhood and adolescence. STUDY DESIGN Project Viva is a prospective pre-birth cohort (n = 2,128 live births) initiated from 1999 through 2002 in Eastern Massachusetts, US. During the second trimester of pregnancy, clinicians used two-step oral glucose challenge testing to screen for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). In the offspring, we measured anthropometry, insulin resistance, adipokines, lipids, and inflammatory markers in mid-childhood (n=1107), early adolescence (n=1027), and mid-adolescence (n=693). We used multivariable linear regression models and generalized estimating equations adjusted for child age and sex, and for maternal age, race/ethnicity, education, parity, and smoking during pregnancy; we further adjusted for pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI). RESULTS At mid-adolescence (17.1 [0.8] years old), offspring of mothers with GDM (n=27) had a higher BMI z-score (β; 95%Cl; 0.41 SD; 0.00, 0.82), sum of skinfolds (8.15 mm; 2.48, 13.82), homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR, 0.81 units; 0.13, 1.50), leptin z-score (0.40 SD; 0.01, 0.78), and leptin/adiponectin ratio z-score (0.51 SD; CI 0.09, 0.93) compared with offspring of mothers with normoglycemia (multivariable-adjusted models). The associations with BMI, (HOMA-IR), and adiponectin seemed stronger in mid-adolescence compared with earlier time points. The associations were attenuated towards the null after adjustment for maternal pre-pregnancy BMI. CONCLUSION Exposure to GDM is associated with higher adiposity, insulin resistance, and altered adipokines in mid-adolescence. Our findings suggest that the peri-pubertal period could be a key time for the emergence of prenatally programmed metabolic abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Cho
- The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington D.C., USA
| | - Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Life Course, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Soren Harnois-Leblanc
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Life Course, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Izzuddin M Aris
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Life Course, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Emily Oken
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Life Course, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Marie-France Hivert
- Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Life Course, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA; Diabetes Clinical Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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Dawid M, Pich K, Mlyczyńska E, Respekta-Długosz N, Wachowska D, Greggio A, Szkraba O, Kurowska P, Rak A. Adipokines in pregnancy. Adv Clin Chem 2024; 121:172-269. [PMID: 38797542 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2024.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Reproductive success consists of a sequential events chronology, starting with the ovum fertilization, implantation of the embryo, placentation, and cellular processes like proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, endocrinology, or metabolic changes, which taken together finally conduct the birth of healthy offspring. Currently, many factors are known that affect the regulation and proper maintenance of pregnancy in humans, domestic animals, or rodents. Among the determinants of reproductive success should be distinguished: the maternal microenvironment, genes, and proteins as well as numerous pregnancy hormones that regulate the most important processes and ensure organism homeostasis. It is well known that white adipose tissue, as the largest endocrine gland in our body, participates in the synthesis and secretion of numerous hormones belonging to the adipokine family, which also may regulate the course of pregnancy. Unfortunately, overweight and obesity lead to the expansion of adipose tissue in the body, and its excess in both women and animals contributes to changes in the synthesis and release of adipokines, which in turn translates into dramatic changes during pregnancy, including those taking place in the organ that is crucial for the proper progress of pregnancy, i.e. the placenta. In this chapter, we are summarizing the current knowledge about levels of adipokines and their role in the placenta, taking into account the physiological and pathological conditions of pregnancy, e.g. gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, or intrauterine growth restriction in humans, domestic animals, and rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Dawid
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Pich
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Ewa Mlyczyńska
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Natalia Respekta-Długosz
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Dominka Wachowska
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland; Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Greggio
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Oliwia Szkraba
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Patrycja Kurowska
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Rak
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University in Krakow, Krakow, Poland.
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Xu X, Du Y, Wang N. Association Between Circulating Resistin Level and Preeclampsia: A Meta-Analysis. Horm Metab Res 2023; 55:835-845. [PMID: 37793427 DOI: 10.1055/a-2167-0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Resistin, a diminutive secretory adipokine, has been linked to obesity and its related ailments. A growing body of evidence suggests that resistin may also be related to the pathogenesis preeclampsia. However, results of previous studies were not consistent. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the level of circulating resistin in women with PE. A systematic search of Medline, Web of Science, and Embase databases from inception to April 28, 2023, was conducted to identify studies that compared blood resistin levels in pregnant women with and without PE. A random-effects model was utilized to pool the results, accounting for heterogeneity. The present study analyzed eighteen datasets from sixteen observational studies. The results of the meta-analysis demonstrated a statistically significant increase in blood resistin levels among women with PE compared to the control group. (standardized mean difference=0.35, 95% confidence interval: 0.16 to 0.54, p<0.001; I2=74%). The findings of the subgroup analysis indicate that various study characteristics, including study design, timing, and methods for measuring resistin, matching of body mass index between cases and controls, and study quality scores did not exert a significant impact on the outcomes. Nonetheless, it is noteworthy that the diagnostic criteria for PE employed in the studies included in the analysis may have influenced the results (p for subgroup difference=0.001). Women with preeclampsia exhibit a greater concentration of resistin in circulation when compared to healthy pregnant controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyu Xu
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Hangzhou Linping District First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Du
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Hangzhou Linping District First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ni Wang
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Hangzhou Linping District First People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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Miturski A, Gęca T, Stupak A, Kwaśniewski W, Semczuk-Sikora A. Influence of Pre-Pregnancy Obesity on Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism with Selected Adipokines in the Maternal and Fetal Compartment. Nutrients 2023; 15:2130. [PMID: 37432262 DOI: 10.3390/nu15092130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A higher body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy is associated with an increased risk of maternal and perinatal complications. This study aimed to analyze selected parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, including adipokines, in obese pre-pregnant women, and their influence on the birth weight of newborns. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study group (O) consisted of 34 pregnant women with higher BMI (obese) before pregnancy. The control group (C) was 27 pregnant women with target BMI and physiological pregnancy. The BMI index: body weight [kg]/(height [m]2 was assessed on the first obstetrical visit. The research material was the serum of pregnant women collected in the third trimester of pregnancy and umbilical cord blood collected immediately after delivery. Selected parameters of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism and adipokines were determined. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences between the study group and the control group concerning the concentrations of insulin, glucose, VLDL, adiponectin, TNF-α, HOMA-IR, as well as LDH and cholesterol in maternal blood serum and umbilical cord blood serum. Total cholesterol and HDL in both maternal blood serum and umbilical cord blood were statistically significantly lower than those in the control group. The concentration of triglycerides (TG) and resistin in the blood serum of obese mothers were higher than those in the control group (p < 0.05). However, no statistically significant differences were found between the two groups regarding the concentrations of TG and resistin in the umbilical cord blood. The concentration of LDL cholesterol in the umbilical blood serum in the obese group was statistically significantly lower than that in the control group. The concentration of leptin in maternal blood serum and umbilical cord blood serum in the study group was statistically significantly higher than that in the control group. CONCLUSIONS Pregestational obesity does not substantially affect the basic parameters of carbohydrate metabolism in pregnant women, but it disturbs the lipid profile, which is manifested by a significant increase in triglycerides and a decrease in the level of HDL cholesterol in the serum. Preexisting obesity increases the concentration of leptin and resistin in the serum of pregnant women, which may be caused by the increased volume of adipose tissue. The concentrations of leptin and resistin in the blood of pregnant women correlate positively, and the concentrations of adiponectin and TNF-α negatively correlate with pre-pregnancy BMI values. There is a positive correlation between the concentration of leptin in the serum of umbilical cord blood and the birth weight of the newborn, which suggests that this parameter contributes to the pathomechanism of macrosomia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Miturski
- Department of Gynaecology, 1st Clinical Military Hospital in Lublin, Al. Racławickie 23, 20-049 Lublin, Poland
| | - Tomasz Gęca
- Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Pathology of Pregnancy, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16 Street, 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Stupak
- Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Pathology of Pregnancy, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16 Street, 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Wojciech Kwaśniewski
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Gynecology, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16 Street, 20-081 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Semczuk-Sikora
- Chair and Department of Obstetrics and Pathology of Pregnancy, Medical University of Lublin, Staszica 16 Street, 20-081 Lublin, Poland
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6
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Donato J. Programming of metabolism by adipokines during development. Nat Rev Endocrinol 2023:10.1038/s41574-023-00828-1. [PMID: 37055548 DOI: 10.1038/s41574-023-00828-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023]
Abstract
The intrauterine and early postnatal periods represent key developmental stages in which an organism is highly susceptible to being permanently influenced by maternal factors and nutritional status. Strong evidence indicates that either undernutrition or overnutrition during development can predispose individuals to disease later in life, especially type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity, a concept known as metabolic programming. Adipose tissue produces important signalling molecules that control energy and glucose homeostasis, including leptin and adiponectin. In addition to their well-characterized metabolic effects in adults, adipokines have been associated with metabolic programming by affecting different aspects of development. Therefore, alterations in the secretion or signalling of adipokines, caused by nutritional insults in early life, might lead to metabolic diseases in adulthood. This Review summarizes and discusses the potential role of several adipokines in inducing metabolic programming through their effects during development. The identification of the endocrine factors that act in early life to permanently influence metabolism represents a key step in understanding the mechanisms behind metabolic programming. Thus, future strategies aiming to prevent and treat these metabolic diseases can be designed, taking into consideration the relationship between adipokines and the developmental origins of health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose Donato
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
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Poniedziałek-Czajkowska E, Mierzyński R, Leszczyńska-Gorzelak B. Preeclampsia and Obesity-The Preventive Role of Exercise. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1267. [PMID: 36674022 PMCID: PMC9859423 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is now recognized as a worldwide epidemic. An inadequate diet and reduced physical activity are acknowledged as the leading causes of excess body weight. Despite growing evidence that obesity is a risk factor for unsuccessful pregnancies, almost half of all women who become pregnant today are overweight or obese. Common complications of pregnancy in this group of women are preeclampsia and gestational hypertension. These conditions are also observed more frequently in women with excessive weight gain during pregnancy. Preeclampsia is one of the most serious pregnancy complications with an unpredictable course, which in its most severe forms, threatens the life and health of the mother and her baby. The early identification of the risk factors for preeclampsia development, including obesity, allows for the implementation of prophylaxis and a reduction in maternal and fetal complications risk. Additionally, preeclampsia and obesity are the recognized risk factors for developing cardiovascular disease in later life, so prophylaxis and treating obesity are paramount for their prevention. Thus, a proper diet and physical activity might play an essential role in the prophylaxis of preeclampsia in this group of women. Limiting weight gain during pregnancy and modifying the metabolic risk factors with regular physical exercise creates favorable metabolic conditions for pregnancy development and benefits the elements of the pathogenetic sequence for preeclampsia development. In addition, it is inexpensive, readily available and, in the absence of contraindications to its performance, safe for the mother and fetus. However, for this form of prevention to be effective, it should be applied early in pregnancy and, for overweight and obese women, proposed as an essential part of planning pregnancy. This paper aims to present the mechanisms of the development of hypertension in pregnancy in obese women and the importance of exercise in its prevention.
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Decreased Adiponectin Levels in Early Pregnancy Are Associated with High Risk of Prematurity for African American Women. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11113213. [PMID: 35683599 PMCID: PMC9181315 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11113213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The relationship of low maternal serum adiponectin levels with preterm delivery among a multi-ethnic group has not been extensively investigated. We examined ethnic differences in cytokine/adipokine profiles and whether they contribute to several adverse pregnancy outcomes, particularly preterm delivery. Data and samples were from a large prospective observational cohort (n = 1776) of young, generally healthy pregnant women (African American 36.4%, Hispanic 48.0%, Caucasian 15.6%). Serum cytokine/adipokine concentrations were measured at entry (mean gestational age of 16.83 weeks) using the Liminex xMap Technology. Multivariable analyses were performed. A significant difference in adiponectin level was observed among ethnic groups. African Americans had a decreased adiponectin and increased resistin levels compared to Hispanics and Caucasians (p < 0.05 to p < 0.0001 for each). Decreased adiponectin (lowest quartile) was positively associated with preterm delivery independent of usual risk factors (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 1.46, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.05, 2.04 for all preterm and AOR 1.84, 95% CI 1.07, 3.17 for early preterm births). The results were unchanged when women with preeclampsia were excluded. Similar results were observed in African Americans. Decreased adiponectin levels were not related to preterm birth in either Hispanics or Caucasians. Lower adiponectin levels were also significantly associated with an increased risk of developing gestational diabetes (AOR 1.72, 95% CI 1.05, 2.84) and preeclampsia (AOR 1.45, 95% CI 1.00, 2.14) in the whole cohort and in Caucasians. We did not find any consistent relationships between the other markers with outcome variables. Dysregulation in maternal adiponectin at early gestation is associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery. An ethnic difference in adiponectin levels may contribute to a higher preterm delivery rate in African American women.
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Nava-Salazar S, Flores-Pliego A, Pérez-Martínez G, Parra-Hernández S, Vanoye-Carlo A, Ibarguengoitia-Ochoa F, Perichart-Perera O, Reyes-Muñoz E, Solis-Paredes JM, Espino Y Sosa S, Estrada-Gutierrez G. Resistin Modulates Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Uptake in Human Placental Explants via PCSK9. Reprod Sci 2022; 29:3242-3253. [PMID: 35467263 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-00943-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Maternal metabolic status influences pregnancy and, consequently, the perinatal outcome. Resistin is a pro-inflammatory adipokine predominantly expressed and secreted by mononuclear cells, adipose tissue, and placental trophoblastic cells during pregnancy. Recently, we reported an inverse association between maternal resistin levels and fetal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). Then, in this work, we used a human placental explant model and the trophoblast cell line JEG-3 to evaluate whether resistin affects placental LDL-C uptake. Resistin exposure induced the transcription factor SREBP-2, LDLR, and PCSK9 mRNA expression, and changes at the protein level were confirmed by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. However, for LDLR, the changes were not consistent between mRNA and protein levels. Using a labeled LDL-cholesterol (BODIPY FL LDL), uptake assay demonstrated that the LDL-C was significantly decreased in placental explants exposed to a high dose of resistin and a lesser extent in JEG-3 cells. In summary, resistin induces PCSK9 expression in placental explants and JEG-3 cells, which could be related to negative regulation of the LDLR by lysosomal degradation. These findings suggest that resistin may significantly regulate the LDL-C uptake and transport from the maternal circulation to the fetus, affecting its growth and lipid profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Nava-Salazar
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Arturo Flores-Pliego
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Sandra Parra-Hernández
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia, Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | | | - Otilia Perichart-Perera
- Department of Nutrition and Bioprogramming, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Enrique Reyes-Muñoz
- Coordination of Gynecologic and Perinatal Endocrinology, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Juan Mario Solis-Paredes
- Department of Human Genetics and Genomics, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia, Mexico City, Mexico
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Angiogenic Imbalance and Inflammatory Biomarkers in the Prediction of Hypertension as Well as Obstetric and Perinatal Complications in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11061514. [PMID: 35329840 PMCID: PMC8953606 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11061514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) increases the risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP). We aimed to analyze the altered inflammatory markers and angiogenic factors among women with GDM to identify pregnant women at higher risk of developing HDP. Methods: This was a prospective study of 149 women without hypertension diagnosed in the third trimester with GDM. Inflammatory markers and angiogenic factors were measured at 28−32 weeks of pregnancy. Obstetric and perinatal outcomes were evaluated. Results: More than eight percent of the women developed HDP. Higher levels of the soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1/placental growth factor (sFlt-1/PIGF) ratio (4.9 ± 2.6 versus 2.3 ± 1.3, respectively; p < 0.001) and leptin (10.9 ± 0.8 versus 10.08 ± 1.1, respectively; p = 0.038), as well as lower levels of adiponectin (10.5 ± 1.3 versus 12.9 ± 2.7, respectively; p = 0.031), were seen in women who developed HDP versus normotensive women with GDM. A multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that adiponectin had a protective effect with 0.45-fold odds (0.23−0.83; p = 0.012), and that the sFlt-1/PIGF ratio was associated with 2.70-fold odds of developing HDP (CI 95%: 1.24−5.86; p = 0.012). Conclusion: An increase in angiogenic imbalance in the sFlt-1/PIGF ratio in women with GDM was detected and may be an indicator of developing HDP in addition to any subsequent obstetric and perinatal complications.
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Tan K, Tint MT, Michael N, Yap F, Chong YS, Tan KH, Godfrey KM, Larbi A, Lee YS, Chan SY, Fortier MV, Eriksson JG, Karnani N. Determinants of cord blood adipokines and association with neonatal abdominal adipose tissue distribution. Int J Obes (Lond) 2022; 46:637-645. [PMID: 34864815 PMCID: PMC8873009 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-021-00975-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cord blood leptin and adiponectin are adipokines known to be associated with birth weight and overall infant adiposity. However, few studies have investigated their associations with abdominal adiposity in neonates. We examined maternal factors associated with cord blood leptin and adiponectin, and the association of these adipokines with neonatal adiposity and abdominal fat distribution measured by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in an Asian mother-offspring cohort. METHODS Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO), is a prospective mother-offspring birth cohort study in Singapore. Cord blood plasma leptin and adiponectin concentrations were measured using Luminex and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay respectively in 816 infants. A total of 271 neonates underwent MRI within the first 2-weeks after delivery. Abdominal superficial (sSAT), deep subcutaneous (dSAT), and intra-abdominal (IAT) adipose tissue compartment volumes were quantified from MRI images. Multivariable regression analyses were performed. RESULTS Indian or Malay ethnicity, female sex, and gestational age were positively associated with cord blood leptin and adiponectin concentrations. Maternal gestational diabetes (GDM) positively associated with cord blood leptin concentrations but inversely associated with cord blood adiponectin concentrations. Maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) showed a positive relationship with cord blood leptin but not with adiponectin concentrations. Each SD increase in cord blood leptin was associated with higher neonatal sSAT, dSAT and IAT; differences in SD (95% CI): 0.258 (0.142, 0.374), 0.386 (0.254, 0.517) and 0.250 (0.118, 0.383), respectively. Similarly, each SD increase in cord blood adiponectin was associated with higher neonatal sSAT and dSAT; differences in SD (95% CI): 0.185 (0.096, 0.274) and 0.173 (0.067, 0.278), respectively. The association between cord blood adiponectin and neonatal adiposity was observed in neonates of obese mothers only. CONCLUSIONS Cord blood leptin and adiponectin concentrations were associated with ethnicity, maternal BMI and GDM, sex and gestational age. Both adipokines showed positive association with neonatal abdominal adiposity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Tan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mya Thway Tint
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Navin Michael
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fabian Yap
- Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- National Technological University (NTU)-Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yap Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kok Hian Tan
- Duke-National University of Singapore (NUS) Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- National Technological University (NTU)-Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton & University Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Anis Larbi
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yung Seng Lee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat - National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shiao-Yng Chan
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Marielle V Fortier
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Neerja Karnani
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (SICS), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR) Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
- Bioinformatics Institute (BII), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore.
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12
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Flöck A, Ferrari N, Joisten C, Puth MT, Strizek B, Gembruch U, Merz WM. Cytokines and parturition: investigating adiponectin, TNF-α, and IL-6 in mother-newborn pairs. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2022; 35:9249-9256. [PMID: 35156492 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2021.2025356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cytokines are reported to be associated with various pregnancy complications and health outcomes of the offspring. However, reference values during pregnancy have not been established, effects of clinical and obstetric factors have not been examined, and interactions between different cytokines have not yet been reported. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, we recruited 120 mother-newborn pairs. Maternal venous blood samples (6 mL) were taken on admission to the labor ward; newborn venous blood samples (6 mL) were drawn from the placental part of the umbilical cord (UC). Adiponectin, TNF-α, and IL-6 serum concentrations were measured by commercial immunoassays. Clinical and obstetric variables were analyzed for their association with maternal and UC cytokine concentrations. RESULTS Forty-six adiponectin pairs, 55 TNF-α pairs, and 14 IL-6 pairs were available for analysis. Correlation between UC and maternal adiponectin-, IL-6-, and TNF-α levels was low. We found a significant correlation of UC adiponectin with maternal brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and maternal adiponectin, and between maternal leptin and maternal TNF-α. CONCLUSIONS Clinical and obstetric variables as well as interactions between cytokines may have an impact on serum concentrations of the respective cytokines in maternal and UC blood. Further studies are required to confirm our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Flöck
- Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - N Ferrari
- Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - C Joisten
- Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, German Sport University Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - M T Puth
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - B Strizek
- Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - U Gembruch
- Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - W M Merz
- Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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13
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Floeck A, Ferrari N, Joisten C, Puth MT, Strizek B, Dolscheid-Pommerich R, Gembruch U, Merz WM. Resistin in pregnancy: Analysis of determinants in pairs of umbilical cord blood and maternal serum. Cytokine X 2021; 3:100052. [PMID: 34151249 PMCID: PMC8192808 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytox.2021.100052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Despite intensive research on the cytokine resistin only few studies investigated mother-newborn-pairs during healthy pregnancy and reported about interactions with clinical obstetric variables or other cytokines. Comparison of existing studies is difficult due to differences between assays, sample collection, gestational age, definition of healthy controls and patient characteristics. Furthermore, differences between rodent models and humans do not allow for a direct comparison. Methods In this cross-sectional, prospective study 109 healthy mother-newborn pairs were analyzed. Maternal venous blood samples were taken on admission to the labor ward; newborn venous blood samples were drawn from the placental part of the umbilical cord (UC), immediately after clamping. Resistin, leptin, adiponectin, TNF-α, IL-6 and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) serum concentrations were measured with commercially available immunoassays. Determinants of maternal and newborn resistin levels were analyzed using simple and multiple linear regression. Results UC resistin levels were higher than maternal concentrations (median 17.69 ng/mL, IQR 7.36 vs. median 8.04 ng/mL, IQR 4.30). Correlation between UC and maternal resistin levels was moderate (R = 0.503, p < 0.01). In multiple regression analysis levels of maternal resistin and newborn TNF-α remained significant determining factors for UC resistin levels. Gestational age and maternal BDNF-levels remained significant factors for maternal resistin levels. Conclusion In healthy, term newborns and their respective mothers a positive correlation between maternal and newborn levels and an association with gestational age around term can be found and point to a placental source of resistin. Further investigations are needed to clarify the possible contribution of transplacental transport of resistin into the fetal circulation. Except for gestational age most of the clinical obstetric variables tested do not seem to be determining factors for fetal or maternal resistin. Interactions of resistin with other cytokines like TNF-α and BDNF could be the missing link for the conflicting results in literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Floeck
- Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, University Bonn Medical School, Germany
| | - Nina Ferrari
- Cologne Center for Prevention in Childhood and Youth/ Heart Center Cologne, University Hospital of Cologne, Germany.,Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, German Sport University Cologne, Germany
| | - Christine Joisten
- Department for Physical Activity in Public Health, Institute of Movement and Neurosciences, German Sport University Cologne, Germany
| | - Maria T Puth
- Department of Medical Biometry, Informatics and Epidemiology, University Bonn Medical School, Germany
| | - Brigitte Strizek
- Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, University Bonn Medical School, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich Gembruch
- Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, University Bonn Medical School, Germany
| | - Waltraut M Merz
- Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, University Bonn Medical School, Germany
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14
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Gutaj P, Sibiak R, Jankowski M, Awdi K, Bryl R, Mozdziak P, Kempisty B, Wender-Ozegowska E. The Role of the Adipokines in the Most Common Gestational Complications. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21249408. [PMID: 33321877 PMCID: PMC7762997 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adipocytokines are hormonally active molecules that are believed to play a key role in the regulation of crucial biological processes in the human body. Numerous experimental studies established significant alterations in the adipokine secretion patterns throughout pregnancy. The exact etiology of various gestational complications, such as gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, and fetal growth abnormalities, needs to be fully elucidated. The discovery of adipokines raised questions about their potential contribution to the molecular pathophysiology of those diseases. Multiple studies analyzed their local mRNA expression and circulating protein levels. However, most studies report conflicting results. Several adipokines such as leptin, resistin, irisin, apelin, chemerin, and omentin were proposed as potential novel early markers of heterogeneous gestational complications. The inclusion of the adipokines in the standard predictive multifactorial models could improve their prognostic values. Nonetheless, their independent diagnostic value is mostly insufficient to be implemented into standard clinical practice. Routine assessments of adipokine levels during pregnancy are not recommended in the management of both normal and complicated pregnancies. Based on the animal models (e.g., apelin and its receptors in the rodent preeclampsia models), future implementation of adipokines and their receptors as new therapeutic targets appears promising but requires further validation in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Gutaj
- Department of Reproduction, Chair of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Gynecologic Oncology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland; (R.S.); (E.W.-O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-854-65-55
| | - Rafał Sibiak
- Department of Reproduction, Chair of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Gynecologic Oncology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland; (R.S.); (E.W.-O.)
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Maurycy Jankowski
- Department of Anatomy, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (M.J.); (R.B.)
| | - Karina Awdi
- Student’s Scientific Society, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-806 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Rut Bryl
- Department of Anatomy, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (M.J.); (R.B.)
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Physiology Graduate Program, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-7608, USA;
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland;
- Department of Anatomy, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 60-781 Poznan, Poland; (M.J.); (R.B.)
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Ewa Wender-Ozegowska
- Department of Reproduction, Chair of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Gynecologic Oncology, Poznań University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland; (R.S.); (E.W.-O.)
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15
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Bawah AT, Yeboah FA, Nanga S, Alidu H, Ngala RA. Serum adipocytokines and adiposity as predictive indices of preeclampsia. Clin Hypertens 2020; 26:19. [PMID: 33014422 PMCID: PMC7528484 DOI: 10.1186/s40885-020-00152-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was aimed at determining the levels of serum adiponectin, leptin, resistin, visfatin and lipids during the first trimester in pregnant women and to evaluate the relationship between these biochemical markers and preeclampsia (PE). Available evidence point to changes in the levels of these adipokines in PE hence this study examined the potential of using these biomarkers in the prediction of the disease. METHODS This was a case-control study which compared first trimester serum biochemical and anthropometric parameters in pregnant women who subsequently developed PE and those who did not. Blood pressure and urine protein were determined after 20 weeks of gestation and diagnosis of PE performed according to the guidelines of the American Heart Association. RESULTS There was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the lipid profile with the exception of HDL cholesterol which was significantly lower (p = 0.043) in the PE group compared to the normotensive group. There were, however, significant differences (p < 0.05) in the adipokines between the PE group and those without PE. Analyses of area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUCs) for the adipokines, showed their ability to correctly predict PE even after controlling for body mass index (BMI) and family history of hypertension. CONCLUSION Adiponectin, leptin, resistin and visfatin were found to be significant predictors of PE, with resistin being the best predictor after controlling for BMI. However, adiponectin was the best predictor after controlling for BMI, age, parity and family history of diabetes and preeclmapsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Tijani Bawah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Health Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana
| | - Francis Agyemang Yeboah
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Salifu Nanga
- School of Basic and Biomedical Science, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Huseini Alidu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Health Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana
| | - Robert A Ngala
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Kwame Nkrumah University Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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16
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Yang MN, Chiu HC, Wang WJ, Fang F, Zhang GH, Zhu H, Zhang L, Zhang DL, Du Q, He H, Huang R, Liu X, Li F, Zhang J, Ouyang F, Hua X, Luo ZC. Sex dimorphism in the associations of gestational diabetes with cord blood adiponectin and retinol-binding protein 4. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care 2020; 8:8/1/e001310. [PMID: 32973071 PMCID: PMC7517565 DOI: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gestational diabetes (GD) is associated with impaired insulin sensitivity in newborns. Adiponectin and retinol-binding protein 4 (RBP-4) are involved in regulating insulin sensitivity. Females are more likely to develop diabetes at young ages than males. We tested the hypothesis that GD may affect RBP-4 and adiponectin levels in early life, and there may be sex-dimorphic associations. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a nested case-control study of 153 matched pairs of neonates of mothers with GD and euglycemic pregnancies in the Shanghai Birth Cohort, we evaluated cord plasma leptin, high molecular weight (HMW) and total adiponectin and RBP-4 concentrations. RESULTS Comparing GD versus euglycemic pregnancies adjusted for maternal and neonatal characteristics in female newborns, cord plasma total adiponectin (mean±SD: 30.8±14.3 vs 37.1±16.1 µg/mL, p=0.048) and HMW adiponectin (14.6±7.7 vs 19.3±8.3 µg/mL, p=0.004) concentrations were lower, while RBP-4 concentrations were higher (21.7±5.4 vs 20.0±4.8 µg/mL, p=0.007). In contrast, there were no differences in male newborns (all p>0.2). RBP-4 concentrations were higher in female versus male newborns (21.7±5.4 vs 18.8±4.5 µg/mL, p<0.001) in GD pregnancies only. HMW adiponectin concentrations were significantly higher in female versus male newborns in euglycemic pregnancies only (19.3±8.3 vs 16.1±7.4 µg/mL, p=0.014). CONCLUSIONS GD was associated with lower cord plasma HMW adiponectin and higher RBP-4 concentrations in female newborns only. The study is the first to reveal a sex-dimorphic early life impact of GD on metabolic health biomarkers in the offspring. GD may alter the normal presence (HMW adiponectin) or absence (RBP-4) of sex dimorphism in some insulin sensitivity regulation-relevant adipokines in early life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Nan Yang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Mount Sinai Hospital, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Huei-Chen Chiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Mount Sinai Hospital, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Wen-Juan Wang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Fang Fang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Guang-Hui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Assay Laboratory, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dan-Li Zhang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinwen Du
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University Medical School, Shanghai, China
| | - Hua He
- Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Mount Sinai Hospital, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Xin Liu
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengxiu Ouyang
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolin Hua
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong-Cheng Luo
- Ministry of Education-Shanghai Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, and Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Prosserman Centre for Population Health Research, Mount Sinai Hospital, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Bahia W, Soltani I, Haddad A, Radhouani A, Mahdhi A, Ferchichi S, Almawi WY. Contribution of ADIPOQ Variants to the Genetic Susceptibility of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss. Reprod Sci 2020; 28:263-270. [PMID: 32748222 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00274-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Adiponectin is a hormone implicated in regulating energy, lipid, and glucose metabolism and is encoded by the ADIPOQ gene. ADIPOQ variants can regulate the circulating levels of adiponectin. Irregular adiponectin concentrations have been associated with numerous reproductive diseases including recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). The main objective of this study was to determine whether the 14 selected polymorphisms of the ADIPOQ gene are linked with RPL. The retrospective case-control study comprised a total of 332 women with RPL, adjusted as more than three consecutive abortions of unknown etiology, and 286 healthy controls. They were genotyped for the ADIPOQ variants using allele exclusion method on real-time PCR. Significantly higher rs1501299 minor allele frequencies (MAF) and lower rs2241767 and rs2241766 MAF were seen among RPL women, thereby assigning disease susceptibility and protective aspect to the mentioned variants, respectively. Different associations of ADIPOQ genotypes with RPL were noticed according to the genetic model exploited: rs1501299 and rs2241767 were significantly linked with RPL under the three models, while rs17366568 and rs2241766 were associated with RPL under codominant and dominant models, and rs7649121 was related to RPL under the dominant and recessive models. rs4632532 was linked according to the recessive model only. Based on LD pattern, 2-haplotype blocks were specified. Reduced frequency of AGG and GAGG and increased frequency of TAAG were noted in cases, compared with controls, hence indicating these haplotypes as RPL-protective and RPL-susceptible, respectively. These results support a significant role of ADIPOQ as an RPL candidate locus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael Bahia
- Research Unit of Clinical and Molecular Biology (UR17ES29), Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia.
| | - Ismael Soltani
- Molecular and Cellular Hematology Laboratory, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Anis Haddad
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fattouma Bourguiba University Hospital, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Assala Radhouani
- Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Abdelkarim Mahdhi
- Laboratory of Analysis, Treatment and Valorization of Pollutants of the Environment and Products, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Salima Ferchichi
- Research Unit of Clinical and Molecular Biology (UR17ES29), Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Monastir, 5000, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Wassim Y Almawi
- College of Health Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
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18
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Daskalakis G, Bellos I, Nikolakea M, Pergialiotis V, Papapanagiotou A, Loutradis D. The role of serum adipokine levels in preeclampsia: A systematic review. Metabolism 2020; 106:154172. [PMID: 32027908 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2020.154172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preeclampsia represents a major pregnancy complication, associated with high rates of perinatal morbidity. The aim of this systematic review is to accumulate current literature evidence in order to examine the pattern of serum adipokine levels among preeclamptic women and asses their potential efficacy in the prediction of the disease. METHODS Medline, Scopus, CENTRAL, Clinicaltrials.gov and Google Scholar databases were systematically searched from inception. All observational studies reporting serum adipokine values among preeclamptic and healthy pregnant women were held eligible. RESULTS A total of 163 studies were included, comprising 23,482 women. Leptin was evaluated in 91 studies and its values were found to be significantly elevated in preeclamptic women during all pregnancy trimester, independently of disease onset and severity. Preeclampsia was also associated with increased serum fatty acid binding protein-4 and chemerin levels, when measured both during the 1st and 3rd trimester. Data concerning the rest adipokines were either conflicting or limited to reach firm conclusions. Quality of evidence was evaluated to be high for leptin, moderate for serum fatty acid binding protein-4 and chemerin and low for the other adipokines. CONCLUSIONS The existing evidence suggests that preeclampsia is linked to increased levels of leptin, chemerin and fatty acid binding protein-4 in all pregnancy trimesters and forms of the disease. Inconsistent data currently exists concerning the role of the other adipokines. Large-scale prospective studies should longitudinally evaluate the serum concentration of novel adipokines and define the optimal threshold and timing of measurement to be widely applied in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Daskalakis
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ioannis Bellos
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N.S. Christeas, Athens University Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece.
| | - Melina Nikolakea
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N.S. Christeas, Athens University Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Vasilios Pergialiotis
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N.S. Christeas, Athens University Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece
| | - Angeliki Papapanagiotou
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Loutradis
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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19
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Bawah AT, Seini MM, Abaka-Yawason A, Alidu H, Nanga S. Leptin, resistin and visfatin as useful predictors of gestational diabetes mellitus. Lipids Health Dis 2019; 18:221. [PMID: 31836012 PMCID: PMC6909521 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-019-1169-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lipids and adipokines including leptin, resistin and visfatin play various roles in the pathophysiology of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). This study was aimed at determining whether serum leptin, resistin and visfatin are significantly altered during the first trimester of pregnancies that subsequently develop GDM and whether such changes are useful in predicting the disease. Methods This was a case-case control study which compared first trimester biochemical and anthropometric parameters in 70 pregnant women who subsequently developed GDM and 70 pregnant women without GDM at the Volta Regional Hospital, Ho, Ghana. Lipid profile and some selected adipokines were analyzed and first trimester body mass index (BMI) was determined. Results There were significant differences (p < 0.05) in leptin, resistin, and visfatin as well as significant dyslipidemia among those with GDM compared to those without GDM. Furthermore, the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curves (AUCs) for leptin, resistin and visfatin were; 0.812, 0.836 and 0.799 respectively. Increased first trimester leptin (OR = 1.166; CI = 1.104–1.233; p < 0.0001), resistin (p < 0.0001) and visfatin (p < 0.0001) were associated with GDM. Conclusion Hyperleptinemia, hyperesistinemia and hypervisfatinemia precede GDM and can serve as good predictive indices for gestational diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Tijani Bawah
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Health Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana.
| | | | - Albert Abaka-Yawason
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Health Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana
| | - Huseini Alidu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Health Sciences, PMB 31, Ho, Ghana
| | - Salifu Nanga
- School of Basic and Biomedical Science, University of Health and Allied Science, Ho, Ghana
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20
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Lorenzo-Almorós A, Hang T, Peiró C, Soriano-Guillén L, Egido J, Tuñón J, Lorenzo Ó. Predictive and diagnostic biomarkers for gestational diabetes and its associated metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2019; 18:140. [PMID: 31666083 PMCID: PMC6820966 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-019-0935-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as the presence of high blood glucose levels with the onset, or detected for the first time during pregnancy, as a result of increased insulin resistance. GDM may be induced by dysregulation of pancreatic β-cell function and/or by alteration of secreted gestational hormones and peptides related with glucose homeostasis. It may affect one out of five pregnancies, leading to perinatal morbidity and adverse neonatal outcomes, and high risk of chronic metabolic and cardiovascular injuries in both mother and offspring. Currently, GDM diagnosis is based on evaluation of glucose homeostasis at late stages of pregnancy, but increased age and body-weight, and familiar or previous occurrence of GDM, may conditionate this criteria. In addition, an earlier and more specific detection of GDM with associated metabolic and cardiovascular risk could improve GDM development and outcomes. In this sense, 1st-2nd trimester-released biomarkers found in maternal plasma including adipose tissue-derived factors such as adiponectin, visfatin, omentin-1, fatty acid-binding protein-4 and retinol binding-protein-4 have shown correlations with GDM development. Moreover, placenta-related factors such as sex hormone-binding globulin, afamin, fetuin-A, fibroblast growth factors-21/23, ficolin-3 and follistatin, or specific micro-RNAs may participate in GDM progression and be useful for its recognition. Finally, urine-excreted metabolites such as those related with serotonin system, non-polar amino-acids and ketone bodies, may complete a predictive or early-diagnostic panel of biomarkers for GDM.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lorenzo-Almorós
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Av. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - T Hang
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Av. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Peiró
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Soriano-Guillén
- Department of Paediatrics, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Egido
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Av. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM) Network, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Tuñón
- Department of Cardiology, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ó Lorenzo
- Renal, Vascular and Diabetes Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Av. Reyes Católicos 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
- Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Disorders (CIBERDEM) Network, Madrid, Spain.
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21
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Adipokines and Endothelium Dysfunction Markers in Pregnant Women with Gestational Hypertension. Int J Hypertens 2019; 2019:7541846. [PMID: 31737362 PMCID: PMC6815564 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7541846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of the study was to evaluate the levels of adipokines such as adiponectin and leptin as well as soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1) and endogenous NOS inhibitor-asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), as the endothelium dysfunction markers in pregnant women with gestational hypertension (GH). Patients and Methods Adiponectin, leptin, sICAM-1, and ADMA concentrations were measured in a group of 34 patients with GH and in 32 healthy pregnant women between the 24th and 34th week of gestation with ELISA tests. Results The patients with GH compared with healthy ones were characterized by significantly higher BMI (28.09 ± 7.90 vs. 22.34 ± 4.21 kg/m2, p=0.016) and higher concentrations of leptin (45.89 ± 35.91 vs. 24.09 ± 24.40 ng/mL, p=0.006). sICAM-1 levels were also higher in the GH group but without the statistical significance (264.51 ± 50.99 vs. 232.56 ± 43.3 ng/ml, p=0.057). There were no significant differences between groups in adiponectin (8.79 ± 8.67 vs. 7.90 ± 3.71 μg/mL, p=0.46, NS) and ADMA (0.57 ± 0.26 vs. 0.60 ± 0.24 μmol/L, p=0.68, NS) levels. The significant correlation between leptin levels and BMI value was observed only in patients with GH (R = 0.56, p=0.02). Conclusions The higher levels of leptin in pregnant women with gestational hypertension may be suggestive of the role of leptin in GH development. As the patients in the GH group had higher BMI, hyperleptinemia may link obesity with gestational hypertension. The significance of leptin as the predictive marker of GH development could be implied. It could be postulated that the higher levels of sICAM-1 in the GH patients, although not statistically significant, could reflect some impairment of the endothelium function occurring in GH regardless of BMI. The comparable adiponectin levels in GH and healthy pregnant patients and the lack of its correlation with BMI may indicate the occurrence of a protective mechanism in pregnancy maintaining its concentration and preserving from the consequences of the decrease in its levels in overweight and obese patients. Since ADMA levels were similar in GH and healthy pregnant women, ADMA seems not to be involved in GH pathogenesis, suggesting that NO synthesis is not impaired in this pregnancy complication. As the data on the gestational hypertension pathogenesis and its correlations with adipokines and markers of the endothelium dysfunction are limited, further studies on this issue are warranted.
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Fazeli Daryasari SR, Tehranian N, Kazemnejad A, Razavinia F, Tork Tatari F, Pahlavan F. Adiponectin levels in maternal serum and umbilical cord blood at birth by mode of delivery: relationship to anthropometric measurements and fetal sex. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2019; 19:344. [PMID: 31590631 PMCID: PMC6781401 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-019-2460-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The rate of cesarean section is increasing worldwide. Adiponectin is a hormone related to anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic effects; and it′s concentrations may change in response to inflammatory situations including surgical intervention. The aim of the current study was to investigate serum adiponectin levels in maternal and umbilical cord blood according to different modes of delivery and their relationship with anthropometric measurements and fetal sex. Methods The study population initially comprised 90 healthy pregnant women referred to the teaching hospital. Eventually, 40 participants in the vaginal delivery group and 35 subjects in the cesarean delivery group were recruited in to the study. Umbilical cord blood and maternal serum samples were analyzed according to the standard protocol from the manufacturer. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS-16 software. P-value < 0.05 was considered as the significance level for all tests. Results Our results indicated a significant association between maternal adiponectin and the mode of delivery, with adiponectin levels significantly higher in vaginal delivery compared to cesarean section (P < 0.001). However, no difference was found in umbilical cord blood adiponectin between the two groups (P = 0.51). A significant positive correlation was found between maternal serum adiponectin in the first day after birth and umbilical cord blood adiponectin in the vaginal delivery group (P = 0.007). Nevertheless, this correlation was not statistically significant in the cesarean delivery group (P = 0.62). There was also no significant correlation between fetal sex and anthropometric measurements with maternal adiponectin (P = 0.44) and umbilical cord blood adiponectin (P = 0.86). Conclusions The result of the current study revealed that maternal adiponectin concentration was significantly higher in vaginal delivery compared to cesarean section, which might be due to the increased levels of maternal adiponectin release during labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Razieh Fazeli Daryasari
- Department of Midwifery & Reproductive Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal Ale Ahmad Highway, P.O.Box: 14115-111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Najmeh Tehranian
- Department of Midwifery & Reproductive Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal Ale Ahmad Highway, P.O.Box: 14115-111, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Anoshirvan Kazemnejad
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Razavinia
- Department of Midwifery & Reproductive Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal Ale Ahmad Highway, P.O.Box: 14115-111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Tork Tatari
- Department of Midwifery & Reproductive Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal Ale Ahmad Highway, P.O.Box: 14115-111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fattaneh Pahlavan
- Department of Midwifery & Reproductive Health, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Jalal Ale Ahmad Highway, P.O.Box: 14115-111, Tehran, Iran
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Estienne A, Bongrani A, Reverchon M, Ramé C, Ducluzeau PH, Froment P, Dupont J. Involvement of Novel Adipokines, Chemerin, Visfatin, Resistin and Apelin in Reproductive Functions in Normal and Pathological Conditions in Humans and Animal Models. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20184431. [PMID: 31505789 PMCID: PMC6769682 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20184431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that adipokines are endocrine factors that are mainly secreted by white adipose tissue. Their central role in energy metabolism is currently accepted. More recently, their involvement in fertility regulation and the development of some reproductive disorders has been suggested. Data concerning the role of leptin and adiponectin, the two most studied adipokines, in the control of the reproductive axis are consistent. In recent years, interest has grown about some novel adipokines, chemerin, visfatin, resistin and apelin, which have been found to be strongly associated with obesity and insulin-resistance. Here, we will review their expression and role in male and female reproduction in humans and animal models. According to accumulating evidence, they could regulate the secretion of GnRH (Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone), gonadotropins and steroids. Furthermore, their expression and that of their receptors (if known), has been demonstrated in the human and animal hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis. Like leptin and adiponectin, these novel adipokines could thus represent metabolic sensors that are able to regulate reproductive functions according to energy balance changes. Therefore, after investigating their role in normal fertility, we will also discuss their possible involvement in some reproductive troubles known to be associated with features of metabolic syndrome, such as polycystic ovary syndrome, gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia and intra-uterine growth retardation in women, and sperm abnormalities and testicular pathologies in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Estienne
- INRA UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- CNRS UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours F-37041 Tours, France
- IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Alice Bongrani
- INRA UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- CNRS UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours F-37041 Tours, France
- IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Maxime Reverchon
- SYSAAF-Syndicat des Sélectionneurs Avicoles et Aquacoles Français, Centre INRA Val de Loire, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Christelle Ramé
- INRA UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- CNRS UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours F-37041 Tours, France
- IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Pierre-Henri Ducluzeau
- INRA UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- CNRS UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours F-37041 Tours, France
- IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- Internal Medicine Department, Unit of Endocrinology, CHRU Tours, F-37044 Tours, France
| | - Pascal Froment
- INRA UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- CNRS UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
- Université François Rabelais de Tours F-37041 Tours, France
- IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - Joëlle Dupont
- INRA UMR 85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS UMR 7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours F-37041 Tours, France.
- IFCE, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
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24
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de Gennaro G, Palla G, Battini L, Simoncini T, Del Prato S, Bertolotto A, Bianchi C. The role of adipokines in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus. Gynecol Endocrinol 2019; 35:737-751. [PMID: 30990092 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2019.1597346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a complex condition whose physiopathology to date has not been completely clarified. Two major metabolic disorders, insulin resistance and β-cells dysfunction, play currently major role in pathogenesis of GDM. These elements are influenced by the amount of adipose tissue present before and/or during the pregnancy. Consequently, adipokines (adiponectin (APN), leptin (LPT), adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein, resistin, visfatin, omentin, vaspin, apelin, chemerin) secreted by adipose tissue, may contribute directly and/or indirectly, through the enhancement of chronic inflammation, aggravating insulin resistance and promoting GDM onset. This review aims to outline the potential physiopathological and prognostic role in GDM of adipokines, mainly APN and LPT.
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Affiliation(s)
- G de Gennaro
- a Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - G Palla
- a Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - L Battini
- b Maternal-Infant Department, University Hospital of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - T Simoncini
- a Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - S Del Prato
- a Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - A Bertolotto
- c Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
| | - C Bianchi
- c Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Pisa , Pisa , Italy
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25
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Vrachnis N, Dalakli E, Zygouris D, Vlachadis N, Salakos N, Botsis D, Kalantaridou S, Drakoulis N, Mastorakos G, Creatsas G, Deligeoroglou E, Iliodromiti Z. Altered Resistin Concentrations in Mid-trimester Amniotic Fluid of Fetuses With Trisomies 18 and 13: A Window onto the Pathophysiology of Trisomies 18 and 13. In Vivo 2019; 33:433-439. [PMID: 30804122 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM The study aimed to examine whether resistin is present in second trimester amniotic fluid from pregnancies with trisomy 18 and 13 and evaluate its concentration in comparison with euploid pregnancies. PATIENTS AND METHODS The study included 37 women who underwent amniocentesis. Eleven fetuses had trisomy 18, 3 had trisomy 13, while 23 had a normal karyotype. RESULTS Resistin was detected in all cases. The mean level of resistin in trisomy 18 was statistically significantly lower compared to euploid controls. Resistin levels in all abnormal cases were below its median concentration in euploid controls. ROC analysis showed very good prognostic value for both trisomies. CONCLUSION Resistin is a constituent of mid-trimester amniotic fluid of pregnancies with trisomies 13 and 18, exhibiting lower levels than those in euploid fetuses. The reduced levels of resistin in amniotic fluid may be associated with early changes in metabolic pathways and immunoinflammatory responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolaos Vrachnis
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Erminia Dalakli
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Zygouris
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Vlachadis
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieio Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Salakos
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieio Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Botsis
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieio Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Sophia Kalantaridou
- Third Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Drakoulis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George Mastorakos
- Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes mellitus and Metabolism, Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieio Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - George Creatsas
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieio Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Efthymios Deligeoroglou
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieio Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Zoe Iliodromiti
- Neonatal Department, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieio Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Bellos I, Fitrou G, Pergialiotis V, Perrea DN, Daskalakis G. Serum levels of adipokines in gestational diabetes: a systematic review. J Endocrinol Invest 2019; 42:621-631. [PMID: 30392100 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-018-0973-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the difference of serum levels of 10 adipokines (apelin, chemerin, fatty acid-binding protein-4, fibroblast growth factor-21, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, nesfatin-1, omentin-1, resistin, vaspin, and visfatin) among women with gestational diabetes and healthy pregnant controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature search was conducted using the Medline (1966-2018), Scopus (2004-2018), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (1999-2018), Clinicaltrials.gov (2008-2018) and Google Scholar (2004-2018) databases, along with the reference list of the included studies. RESULTS Ninety-one studies were included in the present review, with a total number of 11,074 pregnant women. A meta-analysis was not conducted due to the high inter-study heterogeneity. Current evidence suggests that fatty acid-binding protein-4 levels are significantly increased in pregnancies complicated with gestational diabetes, while no association of serum apelin and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 with the disease can be supported. Data regarding the rest adipokines are conflicting, since the available studies did not unanimously indicate a significant change of their levels in gestational diabetes. CONCLUSIONS The findings of the present systematic review suggest the promising role of fatty acid-binding protein-4 in the prediction of gestational diabetes, while inconsistent evidence exists regarding the rest novel adipokines. Future cohorts are needed to assess their predictive efficacy and fully elucidate their contribution in the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Bellos
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N.S. Christeas, Athens University Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15Β, Ag. Thoma str., 115 27, Athens, Greece.
| | - G Fitrou
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N.S. Christeas, Athens University Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15Β, Ag. Thoma str., 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - V Pergialiotis
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N.S. Christeas, Athens University Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15Β, Ag. Thoma str., 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - D N Perrea
- Laboratory of Experimental Surgery and Surgical Research N.S. Christeas, Athens University Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15Β, Ag. Thoma str., 115 27, Athens, Greece
| | - G Daskalakis
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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Manoharan B, Bobby Z, Dorairajan G, Vinayagam V, Packirisamy RM. Adipokine levels and their association with insulin resistance and fetal outcomes among the newborns of Indian gestational diabetic mothers. Saudi Med J 2019; 40:353-359. [PMID: 30957128 PMCID: PMC6506657 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2019.4.24058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the cord blood levels of adipokine and to assess their association with the fetal insulin resistance and fetal outcomes in newborns of gestational diabetic women (GDM). Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in 40 GDM women and 40 healthy pregnant women (HPW) in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER) hospital in Puducherry, India, during the period from May 2016 to December 2017. Cord blood samples were collected at delivery from GDM and HPW groups. Cord plasma biochemical parameters such as insulin, C-peptide, adiponectin, leptin, resistin, and visfatin concentrations were measured. Leptin/adiponectin ratio (L/A), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA2-IR), insulin sensitivity (HOMA2-%S) and beta cell function (HOMA2-%B) were calculated. The pregnancy outcomes such as birth weight (BW), Ponderal index and Apgar scores of the baby were measured. Results: The BW and Ponderal index of the baby were found to be significantly higher in GDM newborns compared to HPW newborns. Cord plasma insulin, C-peptide, HOMA2 -IR, visfatin, leptin, and L/A ratio were significantly higher whereas adiponectin level was lower in GDM compared to HPW. A significant positive correlation was observed between L/A ratio and fetal HOMA2-IR. Conclusion: Altered adipokine levels with increased L/A ratio was observed among the new-borns of Indian gestational diabetic mothers. There was an association between increased L/A ratio, insulin resistance and increased Ponderal index among the new-borns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balachandiran Manoharan
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India. E-mail.
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28
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Barbe A, Bongrani A, Mellouk N, Estienne A, Kurowska P, Grandhaye J, Elfassy Y, Levy R, Rak A, Froment P, Dupont J. Mechanisms of Adiponectin Action in Fertility: An Overview from Gametogenesis to Gestation in Humans and Animal Models in Normal and Pathological Conditions. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20071526. [PMID: 30934676 PMCID: PMC6479753 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20071526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is the most abundant plasma adipokine. It mainly derives from white adipose tissue and plays a key role in the control of energy metabolism thanks to its insulin-sensitising, anti-inflammatory, and antiatherogenic properties. In vitro and in vivo evidence shows that adiponectin could also be one of the hormones controlling the interaction between energy balance and fertility in several species, including humans. Indeed, its two receptors—AdipoR1 and AdipoR2—are expressed in hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis and their activation regulates Kiss, GnRH and gonadotropin expression and/or secretion. In male gonads, adiponectin modulates several functions of both somatic and germ cells, such as steroidogenesis, proliferation, apoptosis, and oxidative stress. In females, it controls steroidogenesis of ovarian granulosa and theca cells, oocyte maturation, and embryo development. Adiponectin receptors were also found in placental and endometrial cells, suggesting that this adipokine might play a crucial role in embryo implantation, trophoblast invasion and foetal growth. The aim of this review is to characterise adiponectin expression and its mechanism of action in male and female reproductive tract. Further, since features of metabolic syndrome are associated with some reproductive diseases, such as polycystic ovary syndrome, gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia, endometriosis, foetal growth restriction and ovarian and endometrial cancers, evidence regarding the emerging role of adiponectin in these disorders is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alix Barbe
- INRA UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37041 Tours, France.
| | - Alice Bongrani
- INRA UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37041 Tours, France.
| | - Namya Mellouk
- INRA UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37041 Tours, France.
| | - Anthony Estienne
- INRA UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37041 Tours, France.
| | - Patrycja Kurowska
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 31-007 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Jérémy Grandhaye
- INRA UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37041 Tours, France.
| | - Yaelle Elfassy
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Tenon, Service de Biologie de la Reproduction, F-75020 Paris, France.
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, F-75005 Paris, France.
- INSERM UMRS_938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, F-75571 Paris, France.
| | - Rachel Levy
- Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Tenon, Service de Biologie de la Reproduction, F-75020 Paris, France.
- Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 6, F-75005 Paris, France.
- INSERM UMRS_938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, F-75571 Paris, France.
| | - Agnieszka Rak
- CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
| | - Pascal Froment
- INRA UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37041 Tours, France.
| | - Joëlle Dupont
- INRA UMR85 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- CNRS UMR7247 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France.
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, F-37041 Tours, France.
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Poizat G, Alexandre C, Al Rifai S, Riffault L, Crepin D, Benomar Y, Taouis M. Maternal resistin predisposes offspring to hypothalamic inflammation and body weight gain. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0213267. [PMID: 30845245 PMCID: PMC6405160 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0213267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistin promotes hypothalamic neuroinflammation and insulin resistance through Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4), this hormone is thought to be a link between obesity and insulin-resistance. Indeed, resistin plasma levels are higher in obese and insulin resistant subjects. However, the impact of maternal resistin on the predisposition of offspring to hypothalamic neuroinflammation is unknown. Here, female mice were treated with resistin during gestation/lactation periods, then hypothalamic neuroinflammation was investigated in male offspring at p28 and p90. At p28, resistin increased the expression of inflammation markers (IL6, TNFα and NFκB) and TLR4 in the hypothalamus and decreased both hypothalamic insulin and leptin receptors' expression. The hypothalamic up-regulation IL6, TNFα and TLR4 was sustained until p90 promoting most likely hypothalamic inflammation. Maternal resistin also increased IL6 and TNFα in the adipose tissue of offspring at p90 associated with a higher body weight gain. In contrast, liver and muscle were not affected. These findings reveal that the augmentation of maternal resistin during gestation and lactation promotes hypothalamic and adipose tissue inflammation of offspring as evidenced by sustained increase of inflammation markers from weaning to adulthood. Thus, maternal resistin programs offspring hypothalamic and adipose tissue inflammation predisposing then offspring to body weight gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghislaine Poizat
- CNRS NeuroPSI UMR 9197, Molecular Neuroendocrinology of Food Intake, University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Coralie Alexandre
- CNRS NeuroPSI UMR 9197, Molecular Neuroendocrinology of Food Intake, University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Sarah Al Rifai
- CNRS NeuroPSI UMR 9197, Molecular Neuroendocrinology of Food Intake, University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Laure Riffault
- CNRS NeuroPSI UMR 9197, Molecular Neuroendocrinology of Food Intake, University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Delphine Crepin
- CNRS NeuroPSI UMR 9197, Molecular Neuroendocrinology of Food Intake, University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Yacir Benomar
- CNRS NeuroPSI UMR 9197, Molecular Neuroendocrinology of Food Intake, University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Mohammed Taouis
- CNRS NeuroPSI UMR 9197, Molecular Neuroendocrinology of Food Intake, University Paris-Sud, University Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
- * E-mail:
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Hu SM, Chen MS, Tan HZ. Maternal serum level of resistin is associated with risk for gestational diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis. World J Clin Cases 2019; 7:585-599. [PMID: 30863758 PMCID: PMC6406206 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v7.i5.585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistin is most likely involved in the pathogenesis of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), but the existing findings are inconsistent.
AIM To review the literature investigating the associations of the risk of GDM with serum level of resistin.
METHODS A systematic literature search was performed using MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Web of Science (all databases). This meta-analysis included eligible studies that: (1) investigated the relationship between the risk of GDM and serum resistin; (2) included GDM cases and controls without GDM; (3) diagnosed GDM according to the oral glucose-tolerance test; (4) were performed in humans; (5) were published as full text articles in English; and (6) provided data with median and quartile range, median and minimum and maximum values, or mean and standard deviation. The pooled standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to estimate the association between the risk of GDM and serum resistin. To analyze the potential influences of need for insulin in GDM patients and gestational age at blood sampling, we performed a subgroup analysis. Meta-regression with restricted maximum likelihood estimation was performed to assess the potentially important covariate exerting substantial impact on between-study heterogeneity.
RESULTS The meta-analysis for the association between serum resistin level and GDM risk included 18 studies (22 comparisons) with 1041 cases and 1292 controls. The total results showed that the risk of GDM was associated with higher serum resistin level (SMD = 0.250, 95%CI: 0.116, 0.384). The “after 28 wk” subgroup, “no need for insulin” subgroup, and “need for insulin” subgroup indicated that higher serum resistin level was related to GDM risk (“after 28 wk” subgroup: SMD = 0.394, 95%CI: 0.108, 0.680; “no need for insulin” subgroup: SMD = 0.177, 95%CI: 0.018, 0.336; “need for insulin” subgroup: SMD = 0.403, 95%CI: 0.119, 0.687). The “before 14 wk” subgroup, “14-28 wk” subgroup, and “no information of need for insulin” subgroup showed a nonsignificant association between serum resistin level and GDM risk (“before 14 wk” subgroup: SMD = 0.087, 95%CI: -0.055, 0.230; “14-28 wk” subgroup: SMD = 0.217, 95%CI: -0.003, 0.436; “no information of need for insulin” subgroup: SMD = 0.356, 95%CI: -0.143, 0.855). The postpartum subgroup included only one study and showed that higher serum resistin level was related to GDM risk (SMD = 0.571, 95%CI: 0.054, 1.087) The meta-regression revealed that no need for insulin in GDM patients, age distribution similar between cases and controls, and ELISA all had a significant impact on between-study heterogeneity.
CONCLUSION This meta-analysis supports that the maternal serum resistin level is associated with GDM risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Min Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan Province, China
| | - Meng-Shi Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan Province, China
| | - Hong-Zhuan Tan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, Hunan Province, China
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Lobo TF, Torloni MR, Mattar R, Nakamura MU, Alexandre SM, Daher S. Adipokine levels in overweight women with early-onset gestational diabetes mellitus. J Endocrinol Invest 2019; 42:149-156. [PMID: 29696612 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-018-0894-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The study of adipokines in overweight women with early-onset (diagnosed before 20 weeks) gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) could help to understand the ethiopathological mechanisms of this disorder. Our aim was to assess adipokine levels in overweight pregnant women with early-onset GDM compared to patients with standard-onset (diagnosed at 24-28 weeks) GDM and to glucose-tolerant women at the same gestational ages. METHODS This nested case-control study included 133 overweight pregnant women: 33 with early-onset (diagnosed < 20 weeks) GDM; 40 with standard-onset (diagnosed ≥ 24 weeks) GDM and 60 glucose-tolerant (normal oral glucose tolerance tests < 20 and ≥ 24 weeks). Adiponectin, leptin, resistin, visfatin and ghrelin serum levels were measured by ELISA. RESULTS Adiponectin serum levels were significantly lower in early-onset GDM women than in standard-onset GDM patients or controls matched for gestational age. Leptin serum levels were significantly higher in women with early-onset GDM than in controls. Women with early-onset GDM had lower adiponectin/leptin ratio than those with standard-onset GDM. There were no significant differences in resistin, ghrelin and visfatin serum levels among the participants. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that, compared to overweight glucose-tolerant women and patients with standard-onset GDM, overweight women with early-onset GDM have unbalanced adipokine levels, suggesting that they have a more inflammatory profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- T F Lobo
- Department of Obstetrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M R Torloni
- Department of Obstetrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - R Mattar
- Department of Obstetrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M U Nakamura
- Department of Obstetrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S M Alexandre
- Department of Obstetrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - S Daher
- Department of Obstetrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Subiabre M, Villalobos-Labra R, Silva L, Fuentes G, Toledo F, Sobrevia L. Role of insulin, adenosine, and adipokine receptors in the foetoplacental vascular dysfunction in gestational diabetes mellitus. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1866:165370. [PMID: 30660686 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a disease of pregnancy associated with maternal and foetal hyperglycaemia and altered foetoplacental vascular function. Human foetoplacental microvascular and macrovascular endothelium from GDM pregnancy show increased maximal l-arginine transport capacity via the human cationic amino acid transporter 1 (hCAT-1) isoform and nitric oxide (NO) synthesis by the endothelial NO synthase (eNOS). These alterations are paralleled by lower maximal transport activity of the endogenous nucleoside adenosine via the human equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (hENT1) and activation of adenosine receptors. A causal relationship has been described for adenosine-activation of A2A adenosine receptors, hCAT-1, and eNOS activity (i.e. the Adenosine/l-Arginine/Nitric Oxide, ALANO, signalling pathway). Insulin restores these alterations in GDM via activation of insulin receptor A (IR-A) form in the macrovascular but IR-A and IR-B forms in the microcirculation of the human placenta. Adipokines are secreted from adipocytes influencing the foetoplacental metabolic and vascular function. Various adipokines are dysregulated in GDM, with adiponectin and leptin playing major roles. Abnormal plasma concentration of these adipokines and the activation or their receptors are involved in the pathophysiology of GDM. However, involvement of adipokines, adenosine, and insulin receptors and membrane transporters in the aetiology of this disease of pregnancy is unknown. This review focuses on the pathophysiology of insulin and adenosine receptors and l-arginine and adenosine membranes transporters giving an overview of the key adipokines leptin and adiponectin in the foetoplacental vasculature in GDM. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Membrane Transporters and Receptors in Pregnancy Metabolic Complications edited by Luis Sobrevia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Subiabre
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile.
| | - Roberto Villalobos-Labra
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile
| | - Luis Silva
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile; Immunoendocrinology, Division of Medical Biology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen (UMCG), Groningen 9700 RB, the Netherlands
| | - Gonzalo Fuentes
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile; Cell Physiology Laboratory, Biomedical Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, Chile
| | - Fernando Toledo
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile; Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad del Bío Bío, Chillán 3780000, Chile
| | - Luis Sobrevia
- Cellular and Molecular Physiology Laboratory (CMPL), Department of Obstetrics, Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8330024, Chile; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville E-41012, Spain; University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research (UQCCR), Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland, Herston 4029, Queensland, Australia.
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Adiponectin and Omentin Levels as Predictive Biomarkers of Preterm Birth in Patients with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:7154216. [PMID: 30320137 PMCID: PMC6167585 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7154216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to determine any changes in adiponectin and omentin levels in GDM patients who delivered at term and preterm and to evaluate whether adipokines can be useful as a clinical biomarker to predict subsequent preterm delivery. Patients and Methods The levels of adiponectin and omentin were measured in four groups: (1) women with GDM who delivered at term (n=63); (2) women with GDM who had the symptoms of threatened preterm labor and delivered at term (n=23); (3) women with GDM and spontaneous preterm birth (before 37 completed weeks of gestation) (n=19); (4) women with physiological pregnancy (n=55). Results In comparison with control group the median adiponectin concentrations were significantly lower in all GDM groups (10737 versus 8879; 7057; 6253 ng/ml, respectively; p<0.01). The median omentin concentrations were also significantly lower in all GDM groups in comparison with control group (469 versus 432; 357; 308 ng/ml, respectively; p<0.01). No significant differences in adiponectin and omentin levels between the GDM, preterm labor, and preterm birth groups were observed. However, there was a trend towards lower adiponectin and omentin levels in preterm birth group. The strong correlations between adiponectin and omentin levels were observed in all groups (R=0.801, p<0.001; R=0.824, p<0.001; R=0.705, p<0.001; R=0.764, respectively; p<0.001). In the univariable logistic regression model, significant correlation between omentin concentrations and preterm birth occurrence was found. Conclusions Our findings suggest that omentin-1, rather than adiponectin, could be useful as a predictor of preterm birth in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus.
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Zbucka-Kretowska M, Kuzmicki M, Telejko B, Goscik J, Ciborowski M, Lipinska D, Hryniewicka J, Citko A, Lawicki S, Wolczynski S. First-trimester irisin and fetuin-A concentration in predicting macrosomia. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018; 32:2868-2873. [PMID: 29562796 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2018.1450859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Objective: We investigated the diagnostic value of first-trimester adipokines and placental markers in predicting macrosomia. Methods: Out of 328 women recruited during the prenatal diagnosis between 11th and 13th week of pregnancy and subjected to follow up until delivery, we selected 26 women who gave birth to macrosomic babies and 34 women who gave birth to normal weight neonates for the evaluation of first trimester serum levels of pregnancy associated plasma protein-A, free β-human chorionic gonadotropin, placental growth factor (PIGF), and selected adipokines. Results: The mothers of macrosomic infants had higher PIGF (p = .049) and irisin concentrations (p = .00003), and lower fetuin-A levels (p = .0002) than had the mothers of normal weight babies. Newborn's weight correlated positively with maternal irisin (R = 0.454, p = .0003) and negatively with fetuin-A concentrations (R = -0.497, p = .00005). Multiple regression analysis showed that only serum irisin concentration was a significant predictor of birth weight (β = 0.329, p = .03), explaining 14% of its variability. The sensitivity and the specificity of irisin concentration in predicting macrosomia were 0.769 and 0.794, respectively (AUC = 0.818 [95%CI: 0.708-0.928], p = .00001) with a proposed cut-off value of 1725.4 ng/ml. Conclusions: Our results suggest that mother's irisin may be an early biomarker of macrosomia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Zbucka-Kretowska
- a Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
| | - Mariusz Kuzmicki
- b Department of Gynaecology and Gynecological Oncology , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
| | - Beata Telejko
- c Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
| | - Joanna Goscik
- d Department of Software Engineering, Faculty of Computer Science , University of Technology Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
| | - Michal Ciborowski
- e Clinical Research Centre , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
| | - Danuta Lipinska
- c Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
| | - Justyna Hryniewicka
- c Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
| | - Anna Citko
- e Clinical Research Centre , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
| | - Slawomir Lawicki
- f Department of Biochemical Diagnostics , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
| | - Slawomir Wolczynski
- a Department of Reproduction and Gynecological Endocrinology , Medical University of Bialystok , Bialystok , Poland
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Association of adiponectin gene variants with idiopathic recurrent miscarriage according to obesity status: a case-control study. J Transl Med 2018; 16:76. [PMID: 29559003 PMCID: PMC5861597 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-018-1453-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study addresses whether the association of adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) variants with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is influenced by obesity. METHODS Retrospective case-control study performed in outpatient obstetrics/gynecology clinics. Study subjects comprised 308 women with RPL, defined as ≥ 3 consecutive miscarriages of unknown etiology, and 310 control women. ADIPOQ genotyping was done by allele exclusion method on real-time PCR. RESULTS Of the 14 ADIPOQ variants tested, the minor allele frequency (MAF) of rs4632532, rs17300539, rs266729, rs182052, rs16861209, and rs7649121 were significantly higher, while rs2241767, and rs1063539 MAF were lower in RPL cases, hence assigning RPL-susceptibility and protection to these variants, respectively. Higher frequencies of heterozygous rs17300539 and rs16861209, and homozygous rs4632532, rs266729, and rs182052 genotypes, and reduced frequencies of heterozygous rs1063539 and rs2241767, homozygous rs2241766 genotypes were seen in RPL cases. ADIPOQ rs4632532, and rs2241766 were associated with RPL in obese, while rs1063539 and rs16861209 were associated with RPL in non-obese women; rs182052 and rs7649121 associated with RPL independently of BMI changes. Based on LD pattern, two haplotype blocks were identified. Within Block 1 containing rs4632532, rs16861194, rs17300539, rs266729, rs182052, rs16861209, rs822396, and rs7649121, increased frequency of CAGGACAT and TAACGAAA, and reduced frequency of TAGCGCAA haplotypes were seen in RPL cases when compared to controls, thereby assigning RPL susceptibility and protection, respectively. CONCLUSION This is the first study to document contribution of ADIPOQ variants and haplotypes with RPL, and also to underscore the contribution of obesity to genetic association studies.
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Corcoran SM, Achamallah N, Loughlin JO, Stafford P, Dicker P, Malone FD, Breathnach F. First trimester serum biomarkers to predict gestational diabetes in a high-risk cohort: Striving for clinically useful thresholds. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2018; 222:7-12. [PMID: 29328940 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejogrb.2017.12.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Screening and diagnosis of gestational diabetes (GDM) has been a source of controversy. The prevalence has increased in line with an obesity epidemic and a trend towards delayed child-bearing. Treatment of even modest glycaemic impairment in pregnancy has been shown to be beneficial in preventing its clinical sequalae. However the cumbersome nature and timing of the oral glucose tolerance test coupled with debate around universal versus risk factor based screening have been problematic. This group aimed to investigate a panel of biomarkers which have shown promise in the literature to predict GDM from the first trimester in a group of high risk women. METHODS Serum samples were drawn on 248 women deemed at risk of GDM before 15 weeks' gestation to measure C-reactive protein, sex hormone binding globulin, adiponectin and 1,5 anhydroglucitol. Patients underwent an oral glucose tolerance test as per IADPSG criteria at 28 weeks' gestation. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine the link between incidence of GDM and early pregnancy serum biomarkers. RESULTS Adiponectin levels in the first trimester are independently linked to the risk of GDM. Serum adiponectin <8.9 μg/ml gives an odds ratio of 3.3 for GDM.Mean 1,5 AG levels are significantly lower in those that go on to develop GDM. SHBG levels measured in the first trimester were linked to the risk of GDM. However, this was no longer statistically significant once BMI, ethnicity and family history were taken into consideration. First trimester measurement of CRP is not a useful indicator of GDM risk. CONCLUSIONS First trimester measurement of Adiponectin and 1,5 Anhydroglucitol are potential early biomarkers for the later onset of GDM. Risk stratification using these biomarkers may facilitate early diagnosis and management of GDM to mitigate against its complications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Philip Stafford
- Department of Biochemistry, Dublin Institute of Technology, Ireland
| | - Pat Dicker
- RCSI Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Ireland
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Jeon EJ, Hong SY, Lee JH. Adipokines and Insulin Resistance According to Characteristics of Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Metab J 2017; 41:457-465. [PMID: 29199407 PMCID: PMC5741555 DOI: 10.4093/dmj.2017.41.6.457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to evaluate adipokines concentration and insulin resistance according to maternal age or obesity at pregnancy and weight change at diagnosed gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in pregnant women with GDM. METHODS This study included 57 pregnant women who were diagnosed with GDM at 24 to 28 weeks of gestation. The subjects were classified into two or three groups according to pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI, <25 kg/m² vs. ≥25 kg/m²), maternal age at pregnancy (<35 years old vs. ≥35 years old), and weight change during pregnancy at screening for GDM (weight change below, within, and in excess of the recommended range). They were respectively compared in each group. RESULTS Leptin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and HOMA2-%B were increased in the group with pre-pregnancy BMI ≥25 kg/m². Leptin and HOMA-IR were positively correlated with BMI both before pregnancy and at screening for GDM. There were no significant correlations between HOMA-IR and adipokines. HOMA-IR showed positive correlation with HOMA2-%B and negative correlation with HOMA2-%S. CONCLUSION Leptin and HOMA-IR at diagnosed GDM were increased in the GDM patients with obesity before pregnancy. They were positively correlated with BMI both before pregnancy and at screening for GDM. The effect of maternal age at pregnancy and weight change during pregnancy at GDM screening on adipokines and insulin resistance might be less pronounced than the effect of maternal obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eon Ju Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Seong Yeon Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
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Kelly CB, Hookham MB, Yu JY, Lockhart SM, Du M, Jenkins AJ, Nankervis A, Hanssen KF, Henriksen T, Garg SK, Hammad SM, Scardo JA, Aston CE, Patterson CC, Lyons TJ. Circulating adipokines are associated with pre-eclampsia in women with type 1 diabetes. Diabetologia 2017; 60:2514-2524. [PMID: 28875223 PMCID: PMC9597852 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-017-4415-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The incidence of pre-eclampsia, a multisystem disorder of pregnancy, is fourfold higher in type 1 diabetic than non-diabetic women; it is also increased in women with features of the metabolic syndrome and insulin resistance. In a prospective study of pregnant women with type 1 diabetes, we measured plasma levels of adipokines known to be associated with insulin resistance: leptin, fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), adiponectin (total and high molecular weight [HMW]; also known as high molecular mass), retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) and resistin and evaluated associations with the subsequent development of pre-eclampsia. METHODS From an established prospective cohort of pregnant type 1 diabetic women, we studied 23 who developed pre-eclampsia and 24 who remained normotensive; for reference values we included 19 healthy non-diabetic normotensive pregnant women. Plasma adipokines were measured (by ELISA) in stored samples from three study visits (Visit 1- Visit 3) at different gestational ages (mean ± SD): Visit 1, 12.4 ± 1.8 weeks; Visit 2, 21.7 ± 1.4 weeks; and Visit 3, 31.4 ± 1.5 weeks. All the women were free of microalbuminuria and hypertension at enrolment. All study visits preceded the clinical onset of pre-eclampsia. RESULTS In all groups, leptin, the ratio of leptin to total or HMW adiponectin, FABP4 concentration, ratio of FABP4 to total or HMW adiponectin and resistin level increased, while total and HMW adiponectin decreased, with gestational age. At Visit 1: (1) in diabetic women with vs without subsequent pre-eclampsia, leptin, ratio of leptin to total or HMW adiponectin, and ratio of FABP4 to total or HMW adiponectin, were increased (p < 0.05), while total adiponectin was decreased (p < 0.05); and (2) in normotensive diabetic vs non-diabetic women, total adiponectin was elevated (p < 0.05). At Visits 2 and 3: (1) the primary findings in the two diabetic groups persisted, and FABP4 also increased in women with subsequent pre-eclampsia (p < 0.05); and (2) there were no differences between the two normotensive groups. By logistic regression analyses after covariate adjustment (HbA1c, insulin kg-1 day-1 and gestational age), the best predictive models for pre-eclampsia were as follows: Visit 1, doubling of leptin, OR 9.0 (p < 0.01); Visit 2, doubling of the leptin:total adiponectin ratio, OR 3.7 (p < 0.05); and Visit 3, doubling of FABP4 concentration, OR 25.1 (p < 0.01). The associations were independent of BMI. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION As early as the first trimester in type 1 diabetic women, adipokine profiles that suggest insulin resistance are associated with subsequent pre-eclampsia, possibly reflecting maternal characteristics that precede pregnancy. These associations persist in the second and third trimesters, and are independent of BMI. Insulin resistance may predispose women with type 1 diabetes to pre-eclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare B Kelly
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, CSB Suite 822, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Michelle B Hookham
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
- The Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Jeremy Y Yu
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, CSB Suite 822, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
| | - Samuel M Lockhart
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Mei Du
- Section of Endocrinology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Alicia J Jenkins
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, CSB Suite 822, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA
- University of Sydney, NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Camperdown, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Kristian F Hanssen
- Department of Endocrinology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tore Henriksen
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Satish K Garg
- Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA
| | - Samar M Hammad
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Cell Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | | | - Christopher E Aston
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | | | - Timothy J Lyons
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, CSB Suite 822, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.
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Siddiqui K, George TP. Resistin role in development of gestational diabetes mellitus. Biomark Med 2017; 11:579-586. [PMID: 28685604 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2017-0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is estimated to be one of the major causes of deaths in most countries due to its high prevalence rate, which was 8.8% in 2015. Hyperglycemia detected during pregnancy is known as gestational diabetes mellitus and it increases the potential risk of development of Type 2 diabetes in mothers with its varying prevalence rate of 1-14% in different populations. It also leads to the higher risk of developing abnormal glucose tolerance and obesity in their child at an early age. Recent studies show that potential mediators of insulin resistance such as adipokines - adiponectin, leptin and resistin are important for glucose and lipid metabolism. Adipokines are directly involved in the regulation of insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in the liver, muscle and adipose tissue. It is also involved in inflammation, adipose tissue accumulation, adverse fat distribution and subsequently affects glucose metabolism. This review highlights the role of resistin (an adipokine) in the development of gestational diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Siddiqui
- Strategic Center for Diabetes Research, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Teena P George
- Strategic Center for Diabetes Research, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Pendeloski KPT, Ono E, Torloni MR, Mattar R, Daher S. Maternal obesity and inflammatory mediators: A controversial association. Am J Reprod Immunol 2017; 77. [PMID: 28328066 DOI: 10.1111/aji.12674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The link between maternal obesity and inflammatory mediators is still unclear. Our aim was to summarize the main findings of recently published studies on this topic. We performed a search in Medline for studies published in the last years on obesity, human pregnancy, and inflammatory mediators. We report the findings of 30 studies. The characteristics and number of participants, study design, gestational age at sample collection, and type of sample varied widely. Approximately two-thirds of them investigated more than one mediator, and 50% included participants in only one trimester of pregnancy. The most frequently investigated mediators were leptin, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin (IL)-6. Almost all studies reported an association between maternal obesity, leptin, and C-reactive protein (CRP) serum levels but not with IL-1β and IL-10. The association of IL-6, TNF-α, monocyte chemo-attractant protein-1 (MCP-1), adiponectin, and resistin with maternal obesity is still controversial. To clarify the physiopathological link between maternal obesity and inflammation, more high-quality studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erika Ono
- Department of Obstetrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Regina Torloni
- Department of Obstetrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rosiane Mattar
- Department of Obstetrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvia Daher
- Department of Obstetrics, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Herrera E, Desoye G. Maternal and fetal lipid metabolism under normal and gestational diabetic conditions. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2017; 26:109-27. [PMID: 26351960 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2015-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Maternal lipids are strong determinants of fetal fat mass. Here we review the overall lipid metabolism in normal and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) pregnancies. During early pregnancy, the increase in maternal fat depots is facilitated by insulin, followed by increased adipose tissue breakdown and subsequent hypertriglyceridemia, mainly as a result of insulin resistance (IR) and estrogen effects. The response to diabetes is variable as a result of greater IR but decreased estrogen levels. The vast majority of fatty acids (FAs) in the maternal circulation are esterified and associated with lipoproteins. These are taken up by the placenta and hydrolyzed by lipases. The released FAs enter various metabolic routes and are released into fetal circulation. Although these determinants are modified in maternal GDM, the fetus does not seem to receive more FAs than in non-GDM pregnancies. Long-chain polyunsaturated FAs are essential for fetal development and are obtained from the mother. Mitochondrial FA oxidation occurs in fetal tissue and in placenta and contributes to energy production. Fetal fat accretion during the last weeks of gestation occurs very rapidly and is sustained not only by FAs crossing the placenta, but also by fetal lipogenesis. Fetal hyperinsulinemia in GDM mothers promotes excess accretion of adipose tissue, which gives rise to altered adipocytokine profiles. Fetal lipoproteins are low at birth, but the GDM effects are unclear. The increase in body fat in neonates of GDM women is a risk factor for obesity in early childhood and later life.
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Bhograj A, Suryanarayana KM, Nayak A, Murthy NS, Dharmalingam M, Kalra P. Serum adiponectin levels in gestational diabetes mellitus. Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2016; 20:752-755. [PMID: 27867874 PMCID: PMC5105555 DOI: 10.4103/2230-8210.192909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as any degree of glucose intolerance with onset or first recognition during pregnancy.[1] Pregnancy is a unique situation in which there is a physiological temporary increase in insulin resistance (IR). The mechanisms responsible for the gestational-induced IR are not completely understood. The current study was undertaken to compare adiponectin levels during 24-28 weeks period of gestation in drug-naive newly diagnosed GDM women with a cohort of normoglycemic pregnant women. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 47 pregnant women in the age group of 18-40 years were included in this cross-sectional study, of which 13 were GDM cases and 34 were normoglycemic controls. Serum adiponectin level was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The mean adiponectin level was 16.92 ng/ml (standard deviation [SD] = 2.78) and 19.38 ng/ml (SD = 2.71) in case and control groups, respectively, and the difference was found to be statistically significant (P = 0.008). CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated decreased serum adiponectin levels in women with GDM when compared with age- and body mass index-matched euglycemic pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhijit Bhograj
- Department of Endocrinology, M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - K. M. Suryanarayana
- Department of Endocrinology, M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Ashwini Nayak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - N. S. Murthy
- Department of Research and Patents, M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Mala Dharmalingam
- Department of Endocrinology, M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Pramila Kalra
- Department of Endocrinology, M.S. Ramaiah Medical College, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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Mazaki-Tovi S, Tarca AL, Vaisbuch E, Kusanovic JP, Than NG, Chaiworapongsa T, Dong Z, Hassan SS, Romero R. Characterization of visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue transcriptome in pregnant women with and without spontaneous labor at term: implication of alternative splicing in the metabolic adaptations of adipose tissue to parturition. J Perinat Med 2016; 44:813-835. [PMID: 26994472 PMCID: PMC5987212 DOI: 10.1515/jpm-2015-0259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 10/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine gene expression and splicing changes associated with parturition and regions (visceral vs. subcutaneous) of the adipose tissue of pregnant women. STUDY DESIGN The transcriptome of visceral and abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue from pregnant women at term with (n=15) and without (n=25) spontaneous labor was profiled with the Affymetrix GeneChip Human Exon 1.0 ST array. Overall gene expression changes and the differential exon usage rate were compared between patient groups (unpaired analyses) and adipose tissue regions (paired analyses). Selected genes were tested by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Four hundred and eighty-two genes were differentially expressed between visceral and subcutaneous fat of pregnant women with spontaneous labor at term (q-value <0.1; fold change >1.5). Biological processes enriched in this comparison included tissue and vasculature development as well as inflammatory and metabolic pathways. Differential splicing was found for 42 genes [q-value <0.1; differences in Finding Isoforms using Robust Multichip Analysis scores >2] between adipose tissue regions of women not in labor. Differential exon usage associated with parturition was found for three genes (LIMS1, HSPA5, and GSTK1) in subcutaneous tissues. CONCLUSION We show for the first time evidence of implication of mRNA splicing and processing machinery in the subcutaneous adipose tissue of women in labor compared to those without labor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shali Mazaki-Tovi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Adi L. Tarca
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Computer Science, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Edi Vaisbuch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Juan Pedro Kusanovic
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Center for Research and Innovation in Maternal-Fetal Medicine (CIMAF). Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sótero del Río Hospital, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nandor Gabor Than
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary
- First Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer Research, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tinnakorn Chaiworapongsa
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Zhong Dong
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Sonia S Hassan
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Roberto Romero
- Perinatology Research Branch, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland, and Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
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Dos Santos E, Duval F, Vialard F, Dieudonné MN. The roles of leptin and adiponectin at the fetal-maternal interface in humans. Horm Mol Biol Clin Investig 2016; 24:47-63. [PMID: 26509784 DOI: 10.1515/hmbci-2015-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Infertility now affects one in seven couples, and the prevalence of this condition continues to increase. Ovulatory defects and unknown causes account for more than half of the cases of infertility. It has been postulated that a significant proportion of these cases are directly or indirectly related to obesity, since the presence of excess adipose tissue has a variety of effects on reproductive function. Here, we review on the effects of the two major adipokines (leptin and adiponectin) on fertility, with a focus on the first steps in embryo implantation and the key components of fetal-maternal interface (the placenta and the endometrium). These adipokines are reportedly involved in the regulation of cell proliferation and differentiation, and as such affect local angiogenesis, immune tolerance and inflammatory processes in placental and endometrial tissues. In placental cells, leptin and adiponectin also modulate trophoblast invasiveness and the nutrient supply. These observations strongly suggest by interfering with the placenta and endometrium, adipokines can create a favorable environment for embryo implantation and have a key role in fetal-maternal metabolism, fetal-maternal communication, and gestation. Given that reproductive functions are tightly coupled to the energy balance, metabolic abnormalities may lead to the development of complications of pregnancy and changes in fetal growth. In this context, we suggest that the leptin/adiponectin ratio may be a clinically valuable marker for detecting a number of pathologies in pregnancy.
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Vernini JM, Moreli JB, Costa RAA, Negrato CA, Rudge MVC, Calderon IMP. Maternal adipokines and insulin as biomarkers of pregnancies complicated by overweight and obesity. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2016; 8:68. [PMID: 27651836 PMCID: PMC5022162 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-016-0184-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal obesity is associated with several adverse pregnancy outcomes. This study was conducted aiming to evaluate maternal levels of adipokines and insulin in pregnancies complicated by overweight and obesity and its correlations with maternal and fetal outcomes. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 72 mother-newborn pairs. Mothers were classified as having normal weight (n = 23), overweight (n = 18), and obesity (n = 31). Maternal adiponectin, leptin, resistin and insulin levels at the end of pregnancy were compared among groups and correlated with maternal and perinatal outcomes. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and correlation tests, with a p value <0.05 being considered as significant. RESULTS Obese pregnant women showed higher leptin levels (p = 0.0021). Leptin levels were positively correlated with prepregnancy body mass index-BMI (r = 0.57), gestational (37 or 38 weeks of gestation) BMI (r = 0.39), hypertension (r = 0.27), and hyperglycemia (r = 0.30), and negatively associated with newborns' abdominal circumference (r = -0.25). Adiponectin concentrations were negatively correlated with gestational BMI (r = -0.29) and newborns' cephalic circumference (r = -0.27) and positively correlated with birth weight (r = 0.23). Insulin concentrations correlated positively with prepregnancy BMI (r = 0.38), gestational BMI (r = 0.24) and maternal hyperglycemia (r = 0.26). CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the relationship between markers of obesity and maternal-fetal outcomes. Maternal insulin and adipokines levels showed an independent relationship with mother and newborns outcomes, respectively. In this studied population, the results indirectly reinforce the importance of maternal weight control before and during pregnancy to avoid adverse outcomes to mother and their newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joice Monaliza Vernini
- Graduate Program in Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University/UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Jusciéle Brogin Moreli
- Graduate Program in Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University/UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Roberto Antônio Araújo Costa
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University/UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Carlos Antonio Negrato
- Graduate Program in Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University/UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo Brazil
- Bauru’s Diabetics Association, Internal Medicine, Bauru, São Paulo Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, District Rubião Jr. s / n, Botucatu, São Paulo, CEP 18618-000 Brazil
| | - Marilza Vieira Cunha Rudge
- Graduate Program in Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University/UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo Brazil
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University/UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Iracema Mattos Paranhos Calderon
- Graduate Program in Gynecology, Obstetrics and Mastology, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University/UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo Brazil
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University/UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo Brazil
- Faculty of Medicine of Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista-UNESP, District Rubião Jr. s / n, Botucatu, São Paulo, CEP 18618-000 Brazil
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Brink HS, van der Lely AJ, van der Linden J. The potential role of biomarkers in predicting gestational diabetes. Endocr Connect 2016; 5:R26-34. [PMID: 27492245 PMCID: PMC5045520 DOI: 10.1530/ec-16-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes (GD) is a frequent complication during pregnancy and is associated with maternal and neonatal complications. It is suggested that a disturbing environment for the foetus, such as impaired glucose metabolism during intrauterine life, may result in enduring epigenetic changes leading to increased disease risk in adult life. Hence, early prediction of GD is vital. Current risk prediction models are based on maternal and clinical parameters, lacking a strong predictive value. Adipokines are mainly produced by adipocytes and suggested to be a link between obesity and its cardiovascular complications. Various adipokines, including adiponectin, leptin and TNF&, have shown to be dysregulated in GD. This review aims to outline biomarkers potentially associated with the pathophysiology of GD and discuss the role of integrating predictive biomarkers in current clinical risk prediction models, in order to enhance the identification of those at risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huguette S Brink
- Department of EndocrinologyMaasstad Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Song Y, Gao J, Qu Y, Wang S, Wang X, Liu J. Serum levels of leptin, adiponectin and resistin in relation to clinical characteristics in normal pregnancy and preeclampsia. Clin Chim Acta 2016; 458:133-7. [PMID: 27154800 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2016.04.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alterations in serum adipokines in preeclampsia remain vague. We investigated the roles of leptin, adiponectin and resistin and their relationships with clinical characteristics in normotensive and preeclamptic patients. METHODS A case-control study was carried out in a cohort of 74 preeclampsia(PE) and 79 healthy pregnant women. Serum levels of leptin, adiponectin and resistin were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The mean body mass index(BMI), the serum leptin and resistin levels were significantly higher in the PE group than in the control group (p<0.001). The resistin/creatinine ratio was also higher in the PE group than in the control group (p=0.018). No significant difference was observed in the serum adiponectin level between both groups. Serum leptin levels were positively correlated with BMI (r=0.301, p<0.001) and negatively correlated with newborn birth weight (r=-0.435, p<0.001). Serum resistin levels were also negatively correlated with birth weight (r=-0.229, p=0.005) but were unrelated to BMI. Logistic regression showed that BMI≥28 and serum leptin levels were independent factors of PE. Leptin was a potential mediator between BMI and PE (p<0.001), and the mediating effect accounted for 22.54% of the total effect. CONCLUSIONS Leptin, resistin, and obesity play important roles in the onset of PE. Leptin and resistin may have some impacts on the fetal growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingna Song
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, PR China
| | - Jinsong Gao
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, PR China
| | - Yimin Qu
- School of Public Health, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, PR China
| | - Shu Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, PR China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, PR China
| | - Juntao Liu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Science, Beijing, PR China.
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48
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Lavigne E, Ashley-Martin J, Dodds L, Arbuckle TE, Hystad P, Johnson M, Crouse DL, Ettinger AS, Shapiro GD, Fisher M, Morisset AS, Taback S, Bouchard MF, Sun L, Monnier P, Dallaire R, Fraser WD. Air Pollution Exposure During Pregnancy and Fetal Markers of Metabolic function: The MIREC Study. Am J Epidemiol 2016; 183:842-51. [PMID: 27026336 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kwv256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous evidence suggests that exposure to outdoor air pollution during pregnancy could alter fetal metabolic function, which could increase the risk of obesity in childhood. However, to our knowledge, no epidemiologic study has investigated the association between prenatal exposure to air pollution and indicators of fetal metabolic function. We investigated the association between maternal exposure to nitrogen dioxide and fine particulate matter (aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 µm) and umbilical cord blood leptin and adiponectin levels with mixed-effects linear regression models among 1,257 mother-infant pairs from the Maternal-Infant Research on Environmental Chemicals (MIREC) Study, conducted in Canada (2008-2011). We observed that an interquartile-range increase in average exposure to fine particulate matter (3.2 µg/m(3)) during pregnancy was associated with an 11% (95% confidence interval: 4, 17) increase in adiponectin levels. We also observed 13% (95% confidence interval: 6, 20) higher adiponectin levels per interquartile-range increase in average exposure to nitrogen dioxide (13.6 parts per billion) during pregnancy. Significant associations were seen between air pollution markers and cord blood leptin levels in models that adjusted for birth weight z score but not in models that did not adjust for birth weight z score. The roles of prenatal exposure to air pollution and fetal metabolic function in the potential development of childhood obesity should be further explored.
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Deibert C, Ferrari N, Flöck A, Merz WM, Gembruch U, Lehmacher W, Ehrhardt C, Graf C. Adipokine-myokine-hepatokine compartment-system in mothers and children: An explorative study. Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2016; 3:1-5. [PMID: 29736451 PMCID: PMC5935883 DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2016.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Maternal lifestyle during pregnancy has an effect of gestational development and neonatal outcome. Overweight gravidas and gravidas with excessive weight gain have an increased risk of gestational complications and neonatal metabolic disorder. The underlying mechanisms are still under discussion, but the hormonally active fat mass and its biomarkers, adipocytokines, may play a key role by potentially having a direct impact on the metabolic homeostasis of the system in concert with other biomarkers like hepatokines and myokines. Up to now little is known in terms of lifestyle habits and their effect on this complex model on maternal and fetal outcome. Therefore, we aim to investigate the influence of maternal lifestyle clusters during pregnancy on the maternal and fetal biomarkers of compartments, specifically those implying maternal fat and muscle mass, maternal liver and the placenta and who are associated with maternal body composition and birth weight. Methods In this exploratory pilot study at least 100 singleton pregnancies and their newborns will be included. The women will undergo assessments of anthropometric measurements, venous blood samples will be drawn and physical activity and nutritional status will be collected through questionnaires. Newborns will undergo assessments of anthropometric measurements, umbilical cord samples will be drawn and birth outcomes will be evaluated. We will measure adipokines, myokines and hepatokines and relate them to maternal lifestyle clusters and fetal outcome. Conclusion Our study will be the first to examine the relationship between maternal body composition, birth weight and potential biomarkers based on an innovative compartment model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Deibert
- University of Cologne Medical School, Joseph-Stelzmann-Straße 20, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Nina Ferrari
- University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne Centre for Prevention in Childhood and Youth/ Heart Centre Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Anne Flöck
- University Bonn Medical School, Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Waltraut M Merz
- University Bonn Medical School, Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Ulrich Gembruch
- University Bonn Medical School, Department of Obstetrics and Prenatal, Sigmund-Freud-Straße 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Walter Lehmacher
- University of Cologne Medical School, Joseph-Stelzmann-Straße 20, 50931 Cologne, Germany
| | - Christina Ehrhardt
- German Sport University Cologne, Institute of Movement and Neuroscience, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933 Cologne, Germany
| | - Christine Graf
- University Hospital of Cologne, Cologne Centre for Prevention in Childhood and Youth/ Heart Centre Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany.,German Sport University Cologne, Institute of Movement and Neuroscience, Am Sportpark Müngersdorf 6, 50933 Cologne, Germany
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50
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Solis-Paredes M, Espino y Sosa S, Estrada-Gutierrez G, Nava-Salazar S, Ortega-Castillo V, Rodriguez-Bosch M, Bravo-Flores E, Espejel-Nuñez A, Tolentino-Dolores M, Gaona-Estudillo R, Martinez-Bautista N, Perichart-Perera O. Maternal and Fetal Lipid and Adipokine Profiles and Their Association with Obesity. Int J Endocrinol 2016; 2016:7015626. [PMID: 27190514 PMCID: PMC4844894 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7015626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Maternal metabolic changes impact fetal metabolism resulting in a higher risk for developing chronic diseases later in life. The aim of this study was to assess the association between maternal and fetal adipokine and lipid profiles, as well as the influence of maternal weight on this association. Methods. Healthy pregnant women at term who delivered by C-section were enrolled. Maternal and fetal glucose, lipid profile, adiponectin, leptin, and resistin levels were analyzed by obesity and maternal weight gain. Statistics included descriptives, correlations, and mean differences (SPSS v20.0). Results. Adiponectin and resistin concentrations were higher in fetal blood, while leptin was lower (p < 0.05). A significant inverse association between maternal resistin and fetal LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) (r = -0.327; p = 0.022) was observed. A positive correlation was found between maternal and fetal resistin (r = 0.358; p = 0.013). Women with excessive weight gain had higher leptin levels and their fetuses showed higher LDL-C levels (p < 0.05). Conclusions. Maternal resistin showed an inverse association with fetal LDL-C, suggesting that maternal adiposity status may play an active role in the regulation of fetal lipid profile and consequently, in fetal programming. Excessive maternal weight gain during pregnancy may exert an effect over metabolic mediators in both mother and newborn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Solis-Paredes
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, 11000 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico
- Posgrado en Ciencias Quimico-Biologicas, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas, Instituto Politecnico Nacional, 11340 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico
| | - Salvador Espino y Sosa
- Direction of Education, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica, 14610 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Estrada-Gutierrez
- Biomedical Research Branch, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, 11000 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico
| | - Sonia Nava-Salazar
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, 11000 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico
| | - Veronica Ortega-Castillo
- Department of Obstetrics, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, 11000 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico
| | - Mario Rodriguez-Bosch
- Department of Obstetrics, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, 11000 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico
| | - Eyerahi Bravo-Flores
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, 11000 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico
| | - Aurora Espejel-Nuñez
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, 11000 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico
| | - Maricruz Tolentino-Dolores
- Department of Nutrition and Bioprogramming, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, 11000 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico
| | - Rubí Gaona-Estudillo
- Department of Immunobiochemistry, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, 11000 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico
| | - Nancy Martinez-Bautista
- Immunology Department, Centro Medico Nacional La Raza, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, 02990 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico
| | - Otilia Perichart-Perera
- Department of Nutrition and Bioprogramming, Instituto Nacional de Perinatologia Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes, 11000 Ciudad de México, DF, Mexico
- *Otilia Perichart-Perera:
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