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Jurowski K, Krośniak M. The comprehensive strategy in the human health risk assessment of total chromium impurities in cough syrups with Marshmallow Root (Althaea officinalis) available in Polish pharmacies: regulatory aspects and special emphasis on Cr(VI) mode of action. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5293. [PMID: 38438482 PMCID: PMC10912266 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56057-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Chromium, which can currently only be considered pharmacologically active and not an essential element, is a very intriguing elemental impurity in final pharmaceutical products, especially traditional herbal medicinal products. This kind of traditional herbal medicinal product with Marshmallow root (Althaea officinalis L., radix) registered in the EU is widely used among the European population. The aim of this article is to propose a double regulatory strategy in assessing the human health risk of total chromium impurities in cough syrups with Marshmallow Root (Althaea officinalis) available in Polish pharmacies. We applied the strategy based on the requirements of the ICH Q3D (R1) guideline for the assessment of Cr impurities in final traditional herbal medicinal products with Marshmallow Root registered in the EU. Furthermore, we applied the strategy based on the concept of margin of exposure (MoE) considering Cr(VI) genotoxicity mode of action (MOA) and based on BMD10 for Cr(VI) as a point of departure (PoD). The total Cr content was in the range: 1.12-9.61 µg/L (in comparison with the ICH Q3D R1 guidelines: 1100 µg/g). Total Cr levels in a single dose were relatively high compared to raw results, but were not a threat to patients. Comparison of estimated results with oral PDE value for Cr in final drugs suggested by the ICH Q3D R1 guideline (10,700 µg/day) show that all the products analyzed were below this value (the highest result was 278.40 ng/day). Despite conservative assumptions, the MoE values obtained for Cr in daily dose for each Marshmallow Root cough syrup were above 10,000; therefore, exposure to Cr would not cause a health risk for specific population groups (children and adults). It can be summarized that each of the phytopharmaceuticals analysed with Marshmallow root available in Polish pharmacies does not represent a health hazard to patients. We confirm the safety of Cr impurities by applying a double regulatory strategy without the application of an expansive and demanding HPLC-ICP-MS technique for Cr speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Jurowski
- Laboratory of Innovative Toxicological Research and Analyses, Institute of Medical Studies, MedicalCollege, Rzeszo´w University, Al. mjr. W. Kopisto 2a, 35-959, Rzeszow, Poland.
- Department of Regulatory and Forensic Toxicology, Institute of Medical Expertises, ul. Aleksandrowska 67/93, 91-205, Lodz, Poland.
| | - Mirosław Krośniak
- Department of Food Chemistry and Nutrition, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
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Alam MNE, Hosen MM, Ullah AKMA, Maksud MA, Khan SR, Lutfa LN, Choudhury TR, Quraishi SB. Lead Exposure of Four Biologically Important Common Branded and Non-branded Spices: Relative Analysis and Health Implication. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:4972-4984. [PMID: 36627477 PMCID: PMC9838428 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03553-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Technological advances and socioeconomic development of Bangladesh are leading to the best choice between branded and non-branded powdered spices. But toxic metal issues can be another factor to elect them. So lead (Pb) exposure and its consequence on the human body for these two categories of four common spices have been ascertained here. A validated laboratory method using hot plate digestion and flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS) has been used for that. The obtained mean concentration of Pb in branded and non-branded spice powders followed the decreasing order of turmeric > coriander > red chili > cumin powder and turmeric > red chili > cumin > coriander powder, respectively, where, in any analysis mode, the non-branded items are potentially ahead of Pb exposure. The market-based mean concentration between these two categories was not a significant difference (t-test). Approximately 90% of the spice samples have shown within the maximum allowable limit by Bangladesh Standard. The sum of estimated daily intake indicated that most of the city market (67%) for non-branded items and some branded (33%) samples have crossed the maximum tolerable daily intake (> 0.21 mg/kg). So, the human health risk assumption for the inhabitant of studied areas suggests there is no significant level of risk for them due to the consumption of spices regarding non-carcinogenic risk factor (THQ and total THQ) and carcinogenic risk factor (CR). But the development of a quality control process for loose spice powders as well as toxic metal screening from raw materials to finish products urgently needed and continuous monitoring with identifying the source of toxic metal is highly recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Nur E. Alam
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Atomic Energy Center, Bangladesh, Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
| | - M. Mozammal Hosen
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Atomic Energy Center, Bangladesh, Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
| | - A. K. M. Atique Ullah
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Atomic Energy Center, Bangladesh, Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
| | - M. A. Maksud
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Atomic Energy Center, Bangladesh, Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
| | - S. R. Khan
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Atomic Energy Center, Bangladesh, Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
| | - L. N. Lutfa
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Atomic Energy Center, Bangladesh, Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
| | - Tasrina Rabia Choudhury
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Atomic Energy Center, Bangladesh, Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
| | - Shamshad B. Quraishi
- Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Atomic Energy Center, Bangladesh, Atomic Energy Commission, Dhaka, 1000 Bangladesh
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Ekpunobi UE, Onyekwere FM, Arinze RU, Enenche DN, Omokpariola DO, Okechukwu VU. Appraisal and health risk assessment of potential toxic element in fruits and vegetables from three markets in Anambra state, Nigeria. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2023. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2022-0321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The influence of anthropogenic activities has led to increase of potential toxic elements (PTEs) present in plant-based food sources, even in trace amounts; thus, it is known to pose a threat to human health over an extended period. The concentration levels of PTEs (Pb, Cu, Zn, Cd, Co and Ni) in soils and fruits and vegetables from three markets (Atani, Omor and Eke Awka) in Anambra state, Southeastern Nigeria were quantified and assessed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS) instrument. The result of PTE (mg/kg) studied was in the order Zn > Cu > Pb > Ni > Co > Cd with the highest value for Zn (13.61 mg/kg) recorded in soil sample at Omor market. The mean concentrations of PTEs in soil of both evaluated studied areas were lower than the WHO permissible limits for PTEs in soil. Among the fruits and vegetables, Bitter leaf had highest PTE from Eke Awka followed by banana, fluted pumpkin, water leaf and onion. Fluted pumpkin had the highest PTE content from Omor followed by watermelon, water leaf, onion and cucumber, while water leaf had the highest metal concentration from Atani followed by bitter leaf, fluted pumpkin, cucumber, lettuce and carrot. Health risk assessment showed that hazard index (HI) in decreasing order was Eke – Awka market > Omor market > Atani market across all fruits and vegetables, as adverse health effect is not expected. The present study recommends containment measures of potential toxic elements in soils and fruits/vegetables to prevent excessive accumulation in food value chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uche E. Ekpunobi
- Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry , Nnamdi Azikiwe University , Awka , Anambra State , Nigeria
| | - Fabian M. Onyekwere
- Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry , Nnamdi Azikiwe University , Awka , Anambra State , Nigeria
| | - Rosemary U. Arinze
- Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry , Nnamdi Azikiwe University , Awka , Anambra State , Nigeria
| | - Daniel N. Enenche
- Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry , Nnamdi Azikiwe University , Awka , Anambra State , Nigeria
| | - Daniel O. Omokpariola
- Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry , Nnamdi Azikiwe University , Awka , Anambra State , Nigeria
| | - Victor U. Okechukwu
- Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry , Nnamdi Azikiwe University , Awka , Anambra State , Nigeria
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Hassan Emami M, Saberi F, Mohammadzadeh S, Fahim A, Abdolvand M, Ali Ehsan Dehkordi S, Mohammadzadeh S, Maghool F. A Review of Heavy Metals Accumulation in Red Meat and Meat Products in the Middle East. J Food Prot 2023; 86:100048. [PMID: 36916555 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The problem of food contamination is a matter of concern, which cancausehealthcomplications in consumers.Severalinternational organizations have created standard permissible limits for heavy metals in meat products. Livestock such as sheep, cattle, camels, and goats are the most important sources of protein meat in the Middle East (ME) countries. Contamination of meat products with heavy metals (HMs) may be a threat to human health. Various scattered studies have been conducted in the Middle East on the contamination of red meat and meat products with HMs however, a comprehensive review on this subject has not yet been published. This study aimed to investigate the status of HMs in both raw andprocessedtypes of meatin the ME. Theresultsof thisnarrativereviewrevealed that in many ME countries, contamination of red meat with HMs was excessive. Therefore, more monitoringoflivestockconditionsandred meat products consumed in some Middle East countries seems necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hassan Emami
- Poursina Hakim Digestive Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Safoora Mohammadzadeh
- Poursina Hakim Digestive Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Alireza Fahim
- Poursina Hakim Digestive Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdolvand
- Cellular, Molecular and Genetics Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | | | - Samane Mohammadzadeh
- Poursina Hakim Digestive Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Maghool
- Poursina Hakim Digestive Diseases Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Israel A, Langrand J, Fontaine J, Lounès-Hadj Sahraoui A. Significance of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in Mitigating Abiotic Environmental Stress in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants: A Review. Foods 2022; 11:foods11172591. [PMID: 36076777 PMCID: PMC9455813 DOI: 10.3390/foods11172591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) have been used worldwide for thousands of years and play a critical role in traditional medicines, cosmetics, and food industries. In recent years, the cultivation of MAPs has become of great interest worldwide due to the increased demand for natural products, in particular essential oils (EOs). Climate change has exacerbated the effects of abiotic stresses on the growth, productivity, and quality of MAPs. Hence, there is a need for eco-friendly agricultural strategies to enhance plant growth and productivity. Among the adaptive strategies used by MAPs to cope with the adverse effects of abiotic stresses including water stress, salinity, pollution, etc., their association with beneficial microorganisms such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can improve MAPs’ tolerance to these stresses. The current review (1) summarizes the effect of major abiotic stresses on MAPs’ growth and yield, and the composition of EOs distilled from MAP species; (2) reports the mechanisms through which AMF root colonization can trigger the response of MAPs to abiotic stresses at morphological, physiological, and molecular levels; (3) discusses the contribution and synergistic effects of AMF and other amendments (e.g., plant growth-promoting bacteria, organic or inorganic amendments) on MAPs’ growth and yield, and the composition of distilled EOs in stressed environments. In conclusion, several perspectives are suggested to promote future investigations.
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Heavy metal concentration and its distribution analysis in urban road dust: A case study from most populated city of Indian state of Uttarakhand. Spat Spatiotemporal Epidemiol 2022; 40:100470. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sste.2021.100470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Oyasowo OT, Ore OT, Durodola SS, Oyebode BA, Inuyomi SO, Aliyu HE, Akeremale OF. Appraisal of Health Risk Assessment of Potentially Toxic Metals in Edible Fruits in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. CHEMISTRY AFRICA 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s42250-021-00260-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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The Safety Assessment of Toxic Metals in Commonly Used Herbs, Spices, Tea, and Coffee in Poland. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18115779. [PMID: 34072233 PMCID: PMC8197804 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18115779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
The presented study was aimed at the determination of the level of contamination with heavy metals (Cd, Pb, As, and Hg) in 240 samples of plant materials, i.e., herbal raw materials, spices, tea, and coffee. Moreover, a probabilistic risk assessment (noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks) was estimated by models including target hazard quotient (THQ) and cancer risk (CR). The samples were subjected to microwave mineralisation with the use of HNO3 (65%), while the determination of the content of the elements was performed with the use of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP–MS) and a mercury analyser. The element which was characterised by the highest level of accumulation in the analysed samples was lead (from 0.010 to 5.680 mg/kg). Among the heavy metals under analysis, the lowest concentration was noted in the case of mercury (from 0.005 to 0.030 mg/kg). A notably higher level of contamination with heavy metals was noted in the analysed samples of herbs and spices (0.005–5.680 mg/kg), compared to samples of tea and coffee (0.005–0.791 mg/kg). According to the guidelines of the World Health Organisation (WHO) concerning the limits of contamination of samples of herbal raw materials with heavy metals, lead levels exceeding the limits were only noted in 24 samples of herbs (18%). In all of the analysed samples of spices, tea, and coffee, no instances of exceeded limits were noted for any of the analysed heavy metals. The values of TTHQmax (in relation to the consumption of the analysed products) were as follows: up to 4.23 × 10−2 for spices, up to 2.51 × 10−1 for herbs, up to 4.03 × 10−2 for China tea, and up to 1.25 × 10−1 for roasted coffee beans. As the value of THQ ≤1, there is no probability of the appearance of undesirable effects related to the consumption of the analysed group of raw materials and products of plant origin. The CR value for As (max. value) was 1.29 × 10−5, which is lower than the maximum acceptable level of 1 × 10−4 suggested by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA).
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Tefera M, Teklewold A. Health risk assessment of heavy metals in selected Ethiopian spices. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07048. [PMID: 34036203 PMCID: PMC8138603 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A total of 144 spice samples (ajwain, black cumin, coriander and fenugreek) were collected from three districts. For the determination of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb and Zn) concentrations and human health risks, the spice samples were digested in a mixture of HNO3 and HClO4. The highest concentrations of Cr (24.85 ± 1.673 mg/kg) and Cu (32.267 ± 7.355 mg/kg) were investigated in ajwain and Zn (54.13 ± 6.122 mg/kg) in fenugreek. However, lowest concentration of Cr and Cu were detected in fenugreek; and Zn in coriander. Cd and Pb were not detected in all spice samples. A positive correlation was observed among Cr, Cu and Zn in fenugreek; Zn with Cr and Cu in black cumin and Zn with Cu in ajwain and coriander. However, negative correlation was observed Cr with Cu and Zn in ajwain and coriander; Cr with Cu in black cumin. THQ values of Cu, Zn and 75% of Cr in all spices were less than 1. About 66.7% of the HI values of the samples under study were less than 1, indicated that the consumers will not experience potential health risks from the intake of individual metals through spices consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molla Tefera
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, University of Gondar, P. O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Almaz Teklewold
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, University of Gondar, P. O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Potortì AG, Lo Turco V, Di Bella G. Chemometric analysis of elements content in Algerian spices and aromatic herbs. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.110643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Ekere NR, Ugbor MCJ, Ihedioha JN, Ukwueze NN, Abugu HO. Ecological and potential health risk assessment of heavy metals in soils and food crops grown in abandoned urban open waste dumpsite. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCE & ENGINEERING 2020; 18:711-721. [PMID: 33312596 PMCID: PMC7721968 DOI: 10.1007/s40201-020-00497-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This work investigated the levels, ecological and potential human health risk of heavy metals in soils and crop plants of an abandoned open municipal solid waste dumpsite being used for agricultural crop planting at Ugwuaji in Enugu, Nigeria. METHOD Samples of soils and plants were collected from the site and heavy metals (Pb, Cr, Cd, Zn, Al and Fe) contents and some soil physicochemical parameters were determined after wet digestion with Nitric acid/perchloric acid mixture. The digested samples and all the supernatants were analyzed for heavy metals using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (Shimadzu AA7000 made in Japan) fitted with deuterium lamp for background correction. RESULTS The heavy metal concentrations in the soils (mg/kg) ranged from 20.825 to 62.501; 7.25 to 11.806; 54.074 to 275.559; 10.861 to 40.139; 1835.751 to 2225.768; and 7166.724 to 11,601.940 for Pb, Cd, Cr, Fe, Al and Zn respectively. The Cr, Fe, Al, and Zn contents (mg/kg) in the plants samples were within the recommended limits but Cd levels were higher. CONCLUSION The ecological and health risk assessments revealed contamination and high human health risk associated to Cd. Apart from Cd, other heavy metals under investigation in the soil posed low ecological risk. The target hazard quotient (THQ) values for Cd in the plants samples were all above one except for for Ocimum gratissimum, indicating that people consuming the plants cultivated in the vicinity of the dumpsite may experience adverse effects due to Cd toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. R. Ekere
- Analytical/Environmental Chemistry Unit, Department of Pure & Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - M. C. J. Ugbor
- Analytical/Environmental Chemistry Unit, Department of Pure & Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - J. N. Ihedioha
- Analytical/Environmental Chemistry Unit, Department of Pure & Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - N. N. Ukwueze
- Analytical/Environmental Chemistry Unit, Department of Pure & Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - H. O. Abugu
- Analytical/Environmental Chemistry Unit, Department of Pure & Industrial Chemistry, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
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Isiuku BO, Enyoh CE. Monitoring and modeling of heavy metal contents in vegetables collected from markets in Imo State, Nigeria. Environ Anal Health Toxicol 2020; 35:e2020003. [PMID: 32570998 PMCID: PMC7308666 DOI: 10.5620/eaht.e2020003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Vegetable consumption is one major exposure route of heavy metals to humans, but few data exist for Imo State, Nigeria. We assessed the contamination levels and associated health risk of cadmium (Cd), cobalt (Co), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in vegetables (Telfairia occidentalis, Pterocarpus mildbraedii, Gongronenina latifolium and Vernonia amygdalina) that are consumed frequently from markets (n=16) in three zones of Imo State, Nigeria. After wet-digestion of samples, the supernatant were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The mean concentrations in the four vegetables ranged from 0.006±0.003 mg/kg to 0.011±0.007 mg/kg for Cd, 0.064±0.012 mg/kg to 1.225±0.226 mg/kg for Co, 10.711±1.968 mg/kg to 25.088±13.975 mg/kg for Cu, 0.062±0.013 mg/kg to 0.307±0.210 mg/kg for Ni, 0.006±0.005 mg/kg to 0.012±0.002 mg/kg for Pb and 63.55±4.055 mg/kg to 104.126±24.080 mg/kg for Zn. Except for Zn, all heavy metals in the various vegetables were below the joint standard of Food and Agriculture Organization and World Health Organization. Although, overall load of heavy metal was very low, Zn had the highest contamination factor in vegetables. Heavy metals concentrations in vegetables generally showed low to high variations and statistically different (p<0.05). Average daily intake was below the provisional tolerance limit except for Zn. The target hazard quotient of metals in vegetables for both children and adults were below 1, indicating no potential risk to the public. Overall, heavy metals hazard index were below 1, indicating acceptable level of non-carcinogenic adverse health effect. However, potential multi-element contamination from ingestion is possible as revealed by the correlation profiling of heavy metals.
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Rajab H, Khan MS, Wirtz M, Malagoli M, Qahar F, Hell R. Sulfur metabolic engineering enhances cadmium stress tolerance and root to shoot iron translocation in Brassica napus L. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 152:32-43. [PMID: 32387912 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Serine acetyltransferase (SAT) (EC 2.3.1.30) is the rate-limiting enzyme of cysteine (Cys) biosynthesis, providing the decisive precursor for the ubiquitous defense thiol glutathione (GSH). Together with O-acetylserine (thiol) lyase (OAS-TL; EC 2.5.1.47) SAT generates Cys in the cytosol, plastids, and mitochondria of vascular plants. The current study aimed to overproduce Cys and GSH for enhanced stress tolerance via overexpression of the feedback-insensitive isoform of serine acetyltransferase from tobacco, i.e., NtSAT4. Constitutive overexpression of NtSAT4 in Brassica napus resulted in the 2.6-fold-4-fold higher SAT activity in different subcellular compartment-specific lines. This higher SAT activity led to a 2.5-fold-3.5-fold higher steady-state level of free Cys and 2.2-fold-5.3-fold elevated level of GSH in leaves compared with nontransformed plants. Among the compartment-specific lines, the mitochondrial targeted NtSAT4 overexpressor line M-182 showed the highest levels of Cys (3.5-fold) and GSH (5.3-fold) compared with wild-type plants. Overexpression of NtSAT4 conferred a physiological advantage in terms of enhanced tolerance against oxidative stress with hydrogen peroxide and the heavy metal cadmium (Cd). The NtSAT4 overexpressor lines showed a significantly higher amount of iron (Fe) translocation from roots to shoots compared with nontransformed plants. Overall, these results suggest that overexpression of NtSAT4 is a promising approach to creating plants with tolerance to heavy metals and oxidative stress and, in addition, may potentially improve plant nutrition in terms of enhanced Fe translocation from roots to shoots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala Rajab
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, 25130, Peshawar, Pakistan; Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Muhammad Sayyar Khan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, 25130, Peshawar, Pakistan.
| | - Markus Wirtz
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mario Malagoli
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, Legnaro, PD, Italy
| | - Fariha Qahar
- Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, 25130, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Rüdiger Hell
- Centre for Organismal Studies (COS), Heidelberg University, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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Potortì AG, Bua GD, Lo Turco V, Ben Tekaya A, Beltifa A, Ben Mansour H, Dugo G, Di Bella G. Major, minor and trace element concentrations in spices and aromatic herbs from Sicily (Italy) and Mahdia (Tunisia) by ICP-MS and multivariate analysis. Food Chem 2019; 313:126094. [PMID: 31923867 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.126094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Element contents in different types of spices and aromatic herbs collected from Italy and Tunisia were evaluated. The aim was to evaluate: the possible differences and/or similarities among the analyzed samples; if it is possible related the samples to their geographical origins; the nutritional quality and the potential health risks. Potassium, Ca, Mg and Ni were low in laurel and rosemary; mint and thyme showed the highest Na and the lowest Se contents; arsenic and Cd levels were found highest in verbena which had also the lowest Hg content; lastly, black pepper had the highest Mn and the lowest Pb contents. Instead discrimination between Italian and Tunisian samples for each spices and aromatic herbs under analysis was achieved by PCA. Essential elements intake through samples was small. Levels of Pb in some samples exceed the maximum allowable level, but any safety risk for consumers is excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Giorgia Potortì
- BioMorf Department, University of Messina, Viale Annunziata, Polo Universitario, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Daniel Bua
- BioMorf Department, University of Messina, Viale Annunziata, Polo Universitario, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Lo Turco
- BioMorf Department, University of Messina, Viale Annunziata, Polo Universitario, 98168 Messina, Italy.
| | - Asma Ben Tekaya
- APAE Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Monastir, Mahdia, Tunisia
| | - Asma Beltifa
- APAE Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Monastir, Mahdia, Tunisia
| | - Hedi Ben Mansour
- APAE Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, University of Monastir, Mahdia, Tunisia
| | - Giacomo Dugo
- BioMorf Department, University of Messina, Viale Annunziata, Polo Universitario, 98168 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppa Di Bella
- BioMorf Department, University of Messina, Viale Annunziata, Polo Universitario, 98168 Messina, Italy
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Kovačević S, Lončarević I, Pajin B, Fišteš A, Vasiljević I, Lazović M, Mrkajić D, Karadžić Banjac M, Podunavac‐Kuzmanović S. Chemometric prediction of the content of essential metals with potentially toxic effects determined in confectionery products. J FOOD PROCESS PRES 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpp.14289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ivana Lončarević
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad University of Novi Sad Novi Sad Serbia
| | - Biljana Pajin
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad University of Novi Sad Novi Sad Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Fišteš
- Faculty of Technology Novi Sad University of Novi Sad Novi Sad Serbia
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16
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Nizamani P, Afridi HI, Kazi TG, Talpur FN, Baig JA. Essential trace elemental levels (zinc, iron and copper) in the biological samples of smoker referent and pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:1230-1239. [PMID: 31799123 PMCID: PMC6883299 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Smoking is linked with tuberculosis recurrence. Pakistan has not only high TB number of TB cases (fifth) but also high level of multidrug-resistant TB (fourth) in the world. Cu/Zn ratio was also considerably greater in all biological samples of TB patients as compared to the control group. The analysis the levels of the elements, {Fe, Cu, Zn and Cu/Zn ratio} may help the studies on the development of TB disease.
Tuberculosis is one of the major causes of illnesses and deaths throughout world particularly in Asia. Smoking is linked with tuberculosis recurrence and its mortality and may influence bacteriological conversion, clinical symptoms and treatment outcome. The aim of current study was to estimate association among essential trace elements {zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and copper (Cu)} in human biological samples particularly blood, serum, scalp hair, saliva, sputum, and nasal fluid of smoking and nonsmoking pulmonary tuberculosis patients (n = 165, age ranged 16–35 years) residents of Hyderabad, Pakistan. The biological samples of age matched healthy controls were chosen as referents of both genders (n = 171) for the comparison purpose. The human biological samples were wet digested in microwave oven by 65 % HNO3 and 30 % H2O2 with (2:1) ratio. The concentrations of elements in acid digested samples were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry. The average zinc and iron concentration was lower, while level of copper was higher in the biological samples of pulmonary Tuberculosis patients as compared to referent subjects (p < .001). It was also concluded as a result of Zn and Fe deficiency combined with high contact of copper due to smoking of tobacco can be synergistic with the risk factors related with pulmonary tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palwasha Nizamani
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Hassan Imran Afridi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Tasneem Gul Kazi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Farah Naz Talpur
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Jameel Ahmed Baig
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
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17
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Samejo S, Kazi AG, Afridi HI, Kazi TG. Evaluate the effect of cadmium on levels of zinc in scalp hair and blood samples of smoker and nonsmoker psoriatic patients at different stage. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:31763-31769. [PMID: 31485944 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06226-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis, a skin inflammatory disease, originates from dysregulated interactions of the immune system and environmental factors. In the present study, cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn) were analyzed in biological samples (blood and scalp hair) of smoker and nonsmoker males who have mild and severe psoriasis. The patients were evaluated according to criteria based on the standard clinical diagnosis and classified into mild and severe psoriasis groups using the Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) score. Both elements were determined by atomic absorption spectrometry after matrix oxidation. In smoker psoriatic patients, the level of Cd in biological samples was significantly increased. The Zn was significantly decreased in smoker mild and severe psoriatic patients as related to nonsmokers' referents and patients. The resulted data indicated that the levels of Zn in smoker referents were about 5.0% lower than nonsmoker's referents. While the concentrations of Zn in blood samples of nonsmoker's mild and severe psoriatic patients have 17.8 to 33.3% lower than nonsmoker's referents. The results indicate that the level of Cd in blood samples of referent smokers has ≥ 25% than nonsmokers, whereas the psoriatic patients at different stages have two- to threefold higher Cd in both biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraya Samejo
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry (NCEAC), University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Atif G Kazi
- Department of Dermatology, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
| | - Hassan I Afridi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry (NCEAC), University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan.
| | - Tasneem G Kazi
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry (NCEAC), University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan
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18
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Kilic S, Soylak M. Determination of trace element contaminants in herbal teas using ICP-MS by different sample preparation method. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2019; 57:927-933. [PMID: 32123413 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-019-04125-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the consumption rate of herbal teas has increased rapidly. In this study, 28 different plants (fennel, linden, roots, chamomile, green tea, thyme, sage, rosemary, rosehip, ginger, balm, echinacea, blue tea etc.) used as herbal tea bags and leaves/flowers. Different types of herbal tea were prepared keeping boiling water in contact for ten min with herbal teas and were digested with HNO3 and H2O2 in a microwave oven. In these samples, trace element concentrations (As, Ba, Cd, Co, Cu, Cr, Ni, Pb, Se, V, Zn) were determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. The analytical performances were assessed as linearity, the limit of detection, limit of quantification, specificity/selectivity and recovery (%). The recovery values changed between 88 and 112%.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kilic
- 1Food Safety and Agricultural Research Center, Akdeniz University, 07058 Antalya, Turkey
| | - M Soylak
- 2Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
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19
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Christophoridis C, Kosma A, Evgenakis E, Bourliva A, Fytianos K. Determination of heavy metals and health risk assessment of cheese products consumed in Greece. J Food Compost Anal 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2019.103238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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20
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Amer MM, Sabry BA, Marrez DA, Hathout AS, Fouzy ASM. Exposure assessment of heavy metal residues in some Egyptian fruits. Toxicol Rep 2019; 6:538-543. [PMID: 31249787 PMCID: PMC6584767 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2019.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals Cu, and Ni were present in all fruit samples obtained from Egyptian governorates. Washing of grapes and peeling of orange samples greatly reduced the level of Cu and Ni. Estimated daily intake of the fruit samples were considered higher than that of the tolerable daily intake.
Heavy metals are considered a main public health hazards, they are known to accumulate in fruits, which are heavily consumed by humans because of their unique sweet taste and potential health benefits. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the possible contamination levels of cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), lead (Pb) and nickel (Ni) in some selected fruits obtained from four Egyptian governorates and to compare the contamination levels with those of the recommended permissible limits. Results revealed that Pb and Cd were absent in all fruit samples, while Cr was only detected in grapes obtained from Cairo and Fayoum governorates and exceeded the maximum permissible limit (0.10 mg kg−1). Nickel and Cu were detected in all fruit samples. Nickel was reduced more than copper after washing process of grapes especially in samples obtained from Alexandria and Giza governorates. After peeling process, Cu was extremely reduced in orange samples obtained from the following governorates in descending order Cairo, Alexandria, El-Fayoum and Giza. Estimated daily intake of heavy metals in fruit samples were found to be higher than that of the tolerable daily intake, indicating potential risk to human health. Therefore, to decrease the risk to human health, fruits must be washed well before eating to decrease heavy metal concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- May M Amer
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Bassem A Sabry
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Diaa A Marrez
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amal S Hathout
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed S M Fouzy
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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21
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L Gonçalves L, Fernandes T, Bernardo MA, A Brito J. Assessment of Human Health Risk of Toxic Elements Due to Cinnamon Ingestion in the Diet. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 189:313-324. [PMID: 30191399 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1473-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies highlighted the beneficial action of cinnamon on postprandial glycemia and LDL-cholesterol concentrations, both in healthy subjects and type 2 diabetic patients. Inclusion of 3 to 6 g of cinnamon in diet revealed a beneficial effect on glucose metabolism control in non-diabetic adults during postprandial period. Given the levels of toxic elements present in cinnamon species from different countries, such large daily intakes of cinnamon can easily exceed their maximum permissible limits and, consequently, induce adverse health effects. This study aimed to investigate the elemental concentration profile in cinnamon powder products available in the Portuguese market and to assess the cumulative non-carcinogenic risk to human health due to the exposure to mixtures of such elements through the inclusion of 6 g of cinnamon in diet. Concentrations of Cu, Zn, Fe, Al, Cl, Mn, and Sr were determined by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy in different lots of eight branded and one bulk cinnamon powder products. Linear mixed models have revealed significant differences in concentrations of Zn, Fe, Al, and Cl between brands. In particular, bulk cinnamon samples presented the highest contents of Fe (475.0-490.0 mg kg-1) and Al (1139.0-1336.0 mg kg-1). The non-carcinogenic risk was assessed following EPA's guidelines through the hazard quotient (HQ). Estimated HQ values were lower than the USEPA guideline of 1. Additionally, the hazard index (HI), representing the combined non-carcinogenic effects of all toxic elements, revealed no potential human health risk for heavy consumers of cinnamon (HI = 0.660). AbstractGraphical ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luísa L Gonçalves
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário - Quinta da Granja, 2829-511, Caparica, Portugal.
- Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), Campus Universitário - Quinta da Granja, 2829-511, Monte de Caparica, Portugal.
| | - Tânia Fernandes
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário - Quinta da Granja, 2829-511, Caparica, Portugal
- Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), Campus Universitário - Quinta da Granja, 2829-511, Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria Alexandra Bernardo
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário - Quinta da Granja, 2829-511, Caparica, Portugal
- Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), Campus Universitário - Quinta da Granja, 2829-511, Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - José A Brito
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Campus Universitário - Quinta da Granja, 2829-511, Caparica, Portugal
- Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz (IUEM), Campus Universitário - Quinta da Granja, 2829-511, Monte de Caparica, Portugal
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22
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Deep eutectic solvent microextraction of lead(II), cobalt(II), nickel(II) and manganese(II) ions for the separation and preconcentration in some oil samples from Turkey prior to their microsampling flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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23
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Pandey J, Verma RK, Singh S. Suitability of aromatic plants for phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated areas: a review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2019; 21:405-418. [PMID: 30656974 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2018.1540546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
This review briefly elucidates the research undertaken and benefits of using aromatic plants for remediation of heavy metal polluted sites. A sustainable approach to mitigate heavy metal contamination of environment is need of the hour. Phytoremediation has emerged to be one of the most preferable choices for combating the metal pollution problem. Aromatic plants can be used for remediation of contaminated sites as they are non-food crops thus minimizing the risk of food chain contamination. Most promising aromatic plants for phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated sites have been identified from families - Poaceae, Lamiaceae, Asteraceae, and Geraniaceae. They act as potential phytostabilisers, hyper accumulators, bio-monitors, and facultative metallophytes. Being high value economic crops, monetary benefits can be obtained by growing them in tainted areas instead of food crops. It has been observed that heavy metal stress enhances the essential oil percentage of certain aromatic crops. Research conducted on some major aromatic plants in this context has been highlighted in the present review which suggests that aromatic plants hold a great potential for phytoremediation. It has been reported that essential oil from aromatic crops is not contaminated by heavy metals significantly. Thus, aromatic plants are emerging as an ideal candidate for phytoremediation. Highlights • Aromatic plants hold a great potential for phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated sites. • Being high value economic crops, monetary benefits can be obtained by growing them in contaminated areas instead of food crops. • Research done on some major aromatic plants in this context has been highlighted in the present review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janhvi Pandey
- a Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) , New Delhi , India
- b Division of Agronomy and Soil Science , CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research) PO-CIMAP , Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Verma
- b Division of Agronomy and Soil Science , CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research) PO-CIMAP , Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh , India
| | - Saudan Singh
- b Division of Agronomy and Soil Science , CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research) PO-CIMAP , Lucknow , Uttar Pradesh , India
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24
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Shim J, Cho T, Leem D, Cho Y, Lee C. Heavy metals in spices commonly consumed in Republic of Korea. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2018; 12:52-58. [PMID: 30466367 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2018.1546772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Levels of lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg) were evaluated in 359 samples of commonly consumed spices (cinnamon, parsley, basil, oregano, coriander seed, nutmeg, cumin, bay leaf, fenugreek, rosemary, thyme, fennel, sage, clove, marjoram, tarragon, caraway, dill seed, pepper, and turmeric) from the market in the Republic of Korea. The content of Pb, Cd, and As was assessed by acid wet digestion using a microwave oven and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The content of Hg was analysed using a direct mercury analyzer (DMA). Pb, Cd, As, and Hg mean content in spices ranged from 0.039-0.972 mg kg-1, 0.013-0.315 mg kg-1, 0.121-0.861 mg kg-1, and 0.001-0.025 mg kg-1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaeyoung Shim
- a Center for Food & Drug Analysis , Busan Regional Korea Food and Drug Administration , Busan , Republic of Korea
| | - Taeyoung Cho
- a Center for Food & Drug Analysis , Busan Regional Korea Food and Drug Administration , Busan , Republic of Korea
| | - Donggil Leem
- a Center for Food & Drug Analysis , Busan Regional Korea Food and Drug Administration , Busan , Republic of Korea
| | - Youngmi Cho
- b Department of Oriental Medicine Biotechnology , College of Life Sciences, Kyung Hee University , Yongin , Republic of Korea
| | - Changhee Lee
- a Center for Food & Drug Analysis , Busan Regional Korea Food and Drug Administration , Busan , Republic of Korea
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25
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Rahman M, Islam MA, Khan RA. Characterization of chemical elements in common spices of Bangladesh for dietary intake and possible health risk assessment by INAA and AAS techniques. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-018-6222-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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26
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Kilic S, Cam IB, Tongur T, Kilic M. Health Risk Assessment of Exposure to Heavy Metals and Aflatoxins via Dietary Intake of Dried Red Pepper from Marketplaces in Antalya, Southern Turkey. J Food Sci 2018; 83:2675-2681. [PMID: 30178501 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Red pepper is used as raw material in industry and as a seasoning in various foods. In this study, the cadmium, lead and arsenic content of 33 red pepper samples sold in open and sealed packages on different markets was investigated in terms of their synthetic color components, aflatoxin amounts and toxic elements, which have been declared as cancerous by the World Health Organization (WHO). According to the results, synthetic colorants, arsenic and cadmium were not detected in any of the samples, while lead was detected in 11 samples and aflatoxins were detected in eight of the samples. As a consequence of these investigations, a health risk analysis was carried out by taking into account the amount of consumption in the region. The B1 aflatoxin content in the samples, according to daily consumption data, exceeded the limits set by the European Commission (EC) by almost 150%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serpil Kilic
- Food Safety and Agricultural Research Center, Akdeniz Univ., Antalya, Turkey
| | - Ihsan Burak Cam
- Food Safety and Agricultural Research Center, Akdeniz Univ., Antalya, Turkey
| | - Timur Tongur
- Food Safety and Agricultural Research Center, Akdeniz Univ., Antalya, Turkey
| | - Murat Kilic
- Food Safety and Agricultural Research Center, Akdeniz Univ., Antalya, Turkey
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Mirosławski J, Paukszto A. Determination of the Cadmium, Chromium, Nickel, and Lead Ions Relays in Selected Polish Medicinal Plants and Their Infusion. Biol Trace Elem Res 2018. [PMID: 28620726 PMCID: PMC5808095 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-017-1072-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Concentration of Cd, Cr, Ni, and Pb were determined in peppermint leaves (Folium Menthae piperitae), chamomile blossom (Anthodium Chamomillae), and their infusions by atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS) after microwave digestion of plants samples. Peppermint and chamomile preparations by five different producers were purchased at various pharmacies in Poland. Infusions were made from herbs according to prescription for patients, provided by the producer of medicine on the package. Results show that in exam of medicinal plants the content of cadmium exceeds World Health Organization (WHO) standards. The highest level of extraction was observed for Ni (50-70% of the total content in herb), Cr (28-36%), Cd (14-16%), and the lowest for Pb (about 6%). The calculated daily intake all analyzed elements was very low. Phytotherapy with using of these herbs is safe for health of patient even in case of long time therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz Mirosławski
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Occupational Hygiene, Occupational Safety Management in Katowice, Bankowa 8, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
| | - Andrzej Paukszto
- Department of Environmental Engineering and Occupational Hygiene, Occupational Safety Management in Katowice, Bankowa 8, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
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28
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Massadeh A, El-khateeb M, Ibrahim S. Evaluation of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb in selected cosmetic products from Jordanian, Sudanese, and Syrian markets. Public Health 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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29
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Arain MS, Kazi TG, Afridi HI, Ali J, Akhtar A. Ultrasonic energy enhanced the efficiency of advance extraction methodology for enrichment of trace level of copper in serum samples of patients having neurological disorders. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2017; 37:23-28. [PMID: 28427628 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2016.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An innovative dual dispersive ionic liquid based on ultrasound assisted microextraction (UDIL-μE), for the enrichment of trace levels of copper ion (Cu2+), in serum (blood) of patients suffering from different neurological disorders. The enriched metal ions were subjected to flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). In the UDIL-μE method, the extraction solvent, ionic liquid, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [C4mim][PF6], was dispersed into the aqueous samples using an ultrasonic bath. The(PAN) 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol was used as ligand for the complexation of Cu ion in IL (as extracting solvent). The various variables such as sonication time, pH, concentration of complexing agent, time and rate of centrifugation, IL volume that affect the extraction process were optimized. The enhancement factor (EF) and detection limit (LOD) was found under favorable condition was 31 and 0.36μgL-1, respectively. Reliability of the proposed method was checked by relative standard deviation (%RSD), which was found to be <5%. The accuracy of developed procedure was assured by using certified reference material (CRM) of blood serum. The developed procedure was applied successfully to the analysis of concentration of Cu ion in blood serum of different neurological disorders subjects and referents of same age group. It was observed that the levels of Cu ion was two folds higher in serum samples of neurological disorders patients as related to normal referents of same age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam S Arain
- National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan.
| | - Tasneem G Kazi
- National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan.
| | - Hassan I Afridi
- National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan
| | - Jamshed Ali
- National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan.
| | - Asma Akhtar
- National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro 76080, Pakistan.
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30
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Taghizadeh SF, Davarynejad G, Asili J, Nemati SH, Rezaee R, Goumenou M, Tsatsakis AM, Karimi G. Health risk assessment of heavy metals via dietary intake of five pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) cultivars collected from different geographical sites of Iran. Food Chem Toxicol 2017. [PMID: 28647516 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pistachio is an important horticultural product and Iran is considered as a main pistachio producing country. Assessment of heavy metals in this export fruit is crucial for protecting public health against toxic heavy metals. The concentration of selected heavy metals in soil, water and five pistachio cultivars from four geographical regions of Iran were measured. Although none of the elements were detected in water irrigation, infield metal content in the soil had good correlation with that of pistachio. The highest amounts of Al, As, Co, Ni and Se were reported in samples collected from Sarakhs, Iran. Considering both cultivar and region effects on selected heavy metals concentration, Kaleghoochi cultivar from Sarakhs site showed the highest amount of Al, As, Ni and Se. The maximum concentration of Hg was found in Akbari cultivar collected from Damghan. In the Akbari and the Ahmad aghaei cultivars collected from Sarakhs and Damghan cultivation zones, respectively, the highest amount of Co were observed. Based on our results, the HI value for the consumers of Iranian pistachio was 0.066. It seems that the levels of heavy metals in these pistachio samples pose no risk to consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Faezeh Taghizadeh
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Gholamhossein Davarynejad
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Javad Asili
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Hossein Nemati
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ramin Rezaee
- Clinical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Aristides M Tsatsakis
- Center of Toxicology Science & Research, Medical School, University of Crete, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Gholamreza Karimi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Roya AQ, Ali MS. Heavy metals in rice samples on the Torbat-Heidarieh market, Iran. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2016; 10:59-63. [DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2016.1247918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Škrbić B, Živančev J, Jovanović G, Farre M. Essential and toxic elements in commercial baby food on the Spanish and Serbian market. FOOD ADDITIVES & CONTAMINANTS PART B-SURVEILLANCE 2016; 10:27-38. [PMID: 27719509 DOI: 10.1080/19393210.2016.1242661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
About 10 heavy elements were determined in 90 samples of baby food collected from Spanish and Serbian market. The results indicated that iron, manganese and copper were most frequently detected. Tin was the predominant toxic element in both Spanish and Serbian samples, with occurrence frequencies of 12.5% and 10.0%, respectively. Element intake for Spanish and Serbian infants were estimated and compared with the recommended reference values, for the majority of elements being lower than one. However, iron and manganese intake through consumption of infant/follow-on formulas were assessed to be higher than the respective daily intakes. Particular attention should be paid to the exposure of infants who consume porridges made of vegetables and fish or chicken, because they may ingest certain elements, particularly arsenic and lead, at levels that exceed the reference toxicological values. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to classify and distinguish the different types of baby food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biljana Škrbić
- a Faculty of Technology , University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Serbia
| | - Jelena Živančev
- a Faculty of Technology , University of Novi Sad , Novi Sad , Serbia
| | | | - Marinella Farre
- c Department of Environmental Chemistry , Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC) , Barcelona , Spain
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Unaegbu M, Engwa GA, Abaa QD, Aliozo SO, Ayuk EL, Osuji GA, Onwurah EI. Heavy metal, nutrient and antioxidant status of selected fruit samples sold in Enugu, Nigeria. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD CONTAMINATION 2016. [DOI: 10.1186/s40550-016-0031-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Al-Hammad BA, Abd El-Salam MM. Evaluation of heavy metal pollution in water wells and soil using common leafy green plant indicators in the Al-Kharj region, Saudi Arabia. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2016; 188:324. [PMID: 27147237 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5331-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
This study was performed to determine the levels of eight heavy metals in irrigation well water and soil and to assess the suitability of some leafy green plants that are commonly cultivated in the Al-Kharj region, Saudi Arabia, for human consumption using an atomic absorption spectrometer. The mean concentrations of metals ranged from 0.0001 to 0.436 mg/L in well water and from 0.248 to 164.52 mg/kg in soil. The heavy metal concentrations showed significant differences among the different leafy green plants studied. Parsley (4.98 mg/kg) exhibited higher levels of Pb than other leafy green plants, whereas mallow (0.097 mg/kg) revealed greater amounts of Cd than other plants. All of the leafy green plants retained essential metals (Cu, Zn, Fe and Mn) more than the toxic metals (Pb and Cd). The levels of some of the metals in the leafy green plants were found to meet the FAO/WHO-recommended limits. The monitoring of heavy metals in leafy green plants must be continued because these plants are the main source of food for humans in many parts of the world and are considered to be bio-indicators for environmental pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Ahmed Al-Hammad
- Biology Department, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Magda Magdy Abd El-Salam
- Biology Department, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
- Environmental Chemistry and Biology, Environmental Health Department, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.
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Soumya SL, Nair BR. Assessment of heavy metals in Averrhoa bilimbi and A. carambola fruit samples at two developmental stages. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2016; 188:291. [PMID: 27080855 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-016-5298-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Though the fruits of Averrhoa bilimbi and A. carambola are economically and medicinally important, they remain underutilized. The present study reports heavy metal quantitation in the fruit samples of A. bilimbi and A. carambola (Oxalidaceae), collected at two stages of maturity. Heavy metals are known to interfere with the functioning of vital cellular components. Although toxic, some elements are considered essential for human health, in trace quantities. Heavy metals such as Cr, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Pb, and Cd were analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). The samples under investigation included, A. bilimbi unripe (BU) and ripe (BR), A. carambola sour unripe (CSU) and ripe (CSR), and A. carambola sweet unripe (CTU) and ripe (CTR). Heavy metal analysis showed that relatively higher level of heavy metals was present in BR samples compared to the rest of the samples. The highest amount of As and Se were recorded in BU samples while Mn content was highest in CSU samples and Co in CSR. Least amounts of Cr, Zn, Se, Cd, and Pb were noted in CTU while, Mn, Cu, and As were least in CTR. Thus, the sweet types of A. carambola (CTU, CTR) had comparatively lower heavy metal content. There appears to be no reason for concern since different fruit samples of Averrhoa studied presently showed the presence of various heavy metals in trace quantities.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Soumya
- Department of Botany, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, 695 581, Kerala, India.
| | - Bindu R Nair
- Department of Botany, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, 695 581, Kerala, India
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Dias MI, Morales P, Barreira JC, Oliveira MBP, Sánchez-Mata MC, Ferreira IC. Minerals and vitamin B9 in dried plants vs. infusions: Assessing absorption dynamics of minerals by membrane dialysis tandem in vitro digestion. FOOD BIOSCI 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2015.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Seddigi ZS, Kandhro GA, Shah F, Danish E, Soylak M. Assessment of metal contents in spices and herbs from Saudi Arabia. Toxicol Ind Health 2016; 32:260-9. [PMID: 24097370 DOI: 10.1177/0748233713500822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
In the recent years, there has been a growing interest in monitoring heavy metal contamination of spices/herbs. Spices and herbs are sources of many bioactive compounds that can improve the tastes of food as well as influence digestion and metabolism processes. In the present study, the levels of some essential and toxic elements such as iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and cadmium (Cd), present in common spices/herbs that were purchased from the local market in Saudi Arabia, were analyzed by atomic absorption spectroscopy after digestion with nitric acid/hydrogen peroxide mixture. Samples from the following spices/herbs were used: turmeric, cloves, black pepper, red pepper, cumin, legume, cinnamon, abazir, white pepper, ginger, and coriander. The concentration ranges for the studied elements were found as 48.8-231, 4.7-19.4, 2.5-10.5, below detection level (BDL)-1.0, 8.8-490, 1.0-2.6, and BDL-3.7 µg g(-1) for Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni, and Pb, respectively, while Cd and Co levels were below the detection limit. Consumers of these spices/herbs would not be exposed to any risk associated with the daily intake of 10 g of spices per day as far as metals Fe, Zn, Cu, Cr, Mn, Ni, and Pb are concerned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z S Seddigi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Applied Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - G A Kandhro
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan Department of Basic Sciences, Mathematics and Humanities, Dawood University of Engineering and Technology, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - F Shah
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan
| | - E Danish
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mustafa Soylak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
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Pani D, Rath SK, Ray DK, Sahoo SL. Proton induced X-ray emission-based analysis of trace element composition of cotyledon derived in vitro callus culture of Abrus precatorius L.: a multimedicinal wild legume. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-015-4363-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Marula seed husk (Sclerocarya birrea) biomass as a low cost biosorbent for removal of Pb(II) and Cu(II) from aqueous solution. J IND ENG CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2014.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Mekassa B, Chandravanshi BS. Levels of selected essential and non-essential metals in seeds of korarima (Aframomum corrorima) cultivated in Ethiopia. BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF FOOD TECHNOLOGY 2015. [DOI: 10.1590/1981-6723.5614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
SummaryThe levels of essential (Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, Co, Cr, Mn and Ni) and non-essential (Cd and Pb) metals were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry in samples of korarima (Aframomum corrorima) seeds and the corresponding soils collected from southern and southwestern Ethiopia. A wet digestion procedure involving the use of 3 mL of HNO3 (69-72%) and 1 mL of HClO4 (70%) were used to solubilize the metals from the korarima seed samples, and a modified aqua regia (HCl:HNO3) reagent with added hydrogen peroxide (6 mL of aqua regia and 1.5 mL of H2O2) was used for the soil samples. The levels of the nutrients in the korarima seed samples were in the following ranges: Ca (1794-2181); Mg (1626-2067); Mn (141-180); Fe (37-46); Zn (12-18); Ni (6.6-8.5); Cu (5.8-8.3); Cr (3.8-5.8) and Co (2.0-2.3) in µg g–1, respectively. The concentration of non-essential cadmium was in the range from 0.9-1 µg g–1 while that of lead was below the detection limit of the method. There was good correlation between the levels of some metals (Ni, Fe, Cd, Ca, Cu, Mg) in the korarima seeds and soil samples but poor correlation between other metals (Cr, Zn, Mn, Co).
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Afridi HI, Talpur FN, Kazi TG, Brabazon D. Estimation of toxic elements in the samples of different cigarettes and their effect on the essential elemental status in the biological samples of Irish smoker rheumatoid arthritis consumers. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2015; 187:157. [PMID: 25736830 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-015-4353-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking interferes with the metal homeostasis of the human body, which plays a crucial role for maintaining the health. A significant flux of heavy metals, among other toxins, reaches the lungs through smoking. In the present study, the relationship between toxic element (TE) exposure via cigarette smoking and rheumatoid arthritis incidence in population living in Dublin, Ireland, is investigated. The trace {zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), and selenium (Se)} and toxic elements arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), mercury (Hg), and lead (Pb) were determined in biological (scalp hair and blood) samples of patients diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis, who are smokers living in Dublin, Ireland. These results were compared with age- and sex-matched healthy, nonsmoker controls. The different brands of cigarette (filler tobacco, filter, and ash) consumed by the studied population were also analyzed for As, Cd, Hg, and Pb. The concentrations of trace and TEs in biological samples and different components of cigarette were measured by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrophotometer after microwave-assisted acid digestion. The validity and accuracy of the methodology were checked using certified reference materials. The recovery of all the studied elements was found to be in the range of 96.4-99.8% in certified reference materials. The filler tobacco of different branded cigarettes contains Hg, As, Cd, and Pb concentrations in the ranges of 9.55-12.4 ng, 0.432-0.727 μg, 1.70-2.12 μg, and 0.378-1.16 μg/cigarette, respectively. The results of this study showed that the mean values of As, Cd, Hg, and Pb were significantly higher in scalp hair and blood samples of rheumatoid arthritis patients as compare to healthy controls, while Zn, Cu, Mn, and Se concentrations were found to be lower in rheumatoid arthritis patients, the difference was significant in the case of smoker patients (p<0.001). The levels of four toxic elements were 2-3-folds higher in scalp hair and blood samples of nonrheumatoid arthritis smoker subjects as compared to nonsmoker controls. The high exposure of toxic metals as a result of cigarette smoking may be synergistic with risk factors associated with rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Imran Afridi
- National Center of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh, Jamshoro, 76080, Pakistan,
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Juranović Cindrić I, Zeiner M, Konanov DM, Stingeder G. Metal characterization of white hawthorn organs and infusions. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2015; 63:1798-1802. [PMID: 25630398 DOI: 10.1021/jf504474t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Hawthorn is one of the most commonly used European and North American phytopharmaceuticals. Because there is no information on metals in seeds, and only rare data for leaves and flowers, the aim of the present study was elemental analysis of the white hawthorn (Crataegus monogyna) by inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) or inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after digestion in a microwave-assisted system. The limits of detection are below 2 μg/g for ICP-AES and 0.5 μg/g for ICP-MS. Hawthorn leaves and flowers contain essential elements at concentrations (mean values, RSD 2-8%) in mg/g of Ca, 1-4; K, 4-5; Mg, 1-2; and Na, <0.2); and at μg/g levels of Ba, 1-10; Co, <0.16; Cr, <1.4; Cu, 0.6-7; Fe, 1-37; Li, <0.5; Mn, 1-13; Mo, <0.17; Ni, <0.6; Sr, 0.2-2; and Zn, 1-31. Toxic elements were found in low quantities: As (<0.04), Cd (0.04-0.1), and Pb (0.1-2). Up to 10% of the metals is extracted into the infusions. The analyzed plant parts and infusions contain essential elements justifying its use as a medicinal plant, whereas the low quantities of harmful elements will not pose any risk to humans when consumed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Juranović Cindrić
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb , Horvatovac 102a, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Endalamaw FD, Chandravanshi BS. Levels of major and trace elements in fennel (Foeniculum vulgari Mill.) fruits cultivated in Ethiopia. SPRINGERPLUS 2015; 4:5. [PMID: 25674492 PMCID: PMC4320202 DOI: 10.1186/2193-1801-4-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Sweet fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.) is one of the precious spices. Almost all parts of fennel plant are edible. The herb is used as carminative, digestive, diuretic, cosmetic and medicine. Methods A 0.5 g of the oven dried fennel fruit and soil samples were digested by wet-digestion method. The levels of selected elements (Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Cr, Co, Zn, Ni, Cd and Pb) were determined in sweet fennel fruit (Foeniculum vulgari Mill.) and soil from Addis Ababa (Central Ethiopia) and Gojjam (Northern West Ethiopia) by flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). Results The elemental concentrations (μg/g) in fennel fruit were: Ca (20,500–23,000), Mg (1,310–3,460), Fe (1,140–1,900), Mn (31–51), Cu (24–103), Cr (91–98), Co (26–71), Zn (37–45), Ni (19–24), and Cd (1.6–1.9) while in the soil were: Ca (1,440–1,780), Mg (1,260–3,310), Fe (26,900–28,000), Mn (1,460–1,980), Cu (51–101), Cr (127–141), Co (54–143), Zn (99–104), Ni (98–161), and Cd (1.7–2.9). Pb was below the method detection limit in both the fennel fruit and soil. Conclusion The Ethiopian fennel fruits are rich in Ca and Mg and other essential elements (Fe, Cu, Co and Zn) and can be used as good supplement for human being in particularly for children and pregnant women. The toxic element Cd is at trace level and Pb is not detected in the fennel fruit. Thus, Ethiopian fennel fruits are safe for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feleke Demissie Endalamaw
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia ; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Computational Sciences, Wolayta Sodo University, P.O. Box: 138, Wolayta Sodo, Ethiopia
| | - Bhagwan Singh Chandravanshi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Girmaye B. Assessment of heavy metals in vegetables irrigated with Awash River in selected farms around Adama town, Ethiopia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.5897/ajest2014.1732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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45
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Scientific Opinion on the risks to public health related to the presence of chromium in food and drinking water. EFSA J 2014. [DOI: 10.2903/j.efsa.2014.3595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
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46
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Sahu L, Ray DK, Chand PK. Proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE) technique for determining multi-element composition of transformed hairy root cultures of Boerhaavia diffusa L.: an important medicinal herb. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-014-3022-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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47
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Dithiocarbamates as hazardous remediation agent: A critical review on progress in environmental chemistry for inorganic species studies of 20th century. ARAB J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2013.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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48
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Mose MT, Moseti KO, Wanyoko JK, Kinyua JK, Kariuki D, Magiri EN, Obanda MA. Selected Inorganic Nutrients in Black Tea from Three Tea Growing Agro-Ecological Areas in Kenya. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/ajps.2014.54061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Duran C, Tumay SO, Ozdes D, Serencam H, Bektas H. Simultaneous separation and preconcentration of Ni(II) and Cu(II) ions by coprecipitation without any carrier element in some food and water samples. Int J Food Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.12458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Celal Duran
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Sciences; Karadeniz Technical University; 61080 Trabzon Turkey
| | - Sureyya O. Tumay
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Sciences; Karadeniz Technical University; 61080 Trabzon Turkey
| | - Duygu Ozdes
- Gumushane Vocational School; Gumushane University; 29100 Gumushane Turkey
| | - Huseyin Serencam
- Department of Food Engineering; Faculty of Engineering; Bayburt University; 69100 Bayburt Turkey
| | - Hakan Bektas
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Arts and Sciences; Giresun University; 28100 Giresun Turkey
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Soylak M, Cihan Z, Yilmaz E. Heavy metal contents of organically produced, harvested, and dried fruit samples from Kayseri, Turkey. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2013; 185:2577-2583. [PMID: 22736211 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-012-2741-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2011] [Accepted: 06/11/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Organically produced, harvested, and dried fruit samples bought at organic markets in Kayseri, Turkey have been analyzed for their trace element contents. In the determinations, flame atomic absorption spectrometer (FAAS) was used. This pilot study is the first to be performed for organically produced, harvested, and dried fruit samples from Kayseri, Turkey. The copper, iron, manganese, and zinc concentrations were found to be 1.6-15.5, 10.3-144, 23.0-211, and 23.3-91.6 μg/g, respectively. The cobalt, lead, cadmium, chromium, and nickel concentrations in all analyzed organic fruit samples were below the quantification limits of FAAS. SRM 1570A spinach leaves and SRM 1515 apple leaves were used to check the accuracy of the procedure. The results for the dried fruit samples found in this work were compared with the values from some studies from the world. The results found in the presented work may also be useful for future studies about organically produced, harvested, and dried fruit samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Soylak
- Chemistry Department, Science Faculty, University of Erciyes, 38039, Kayseri, Turkey.
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