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Santos PS, Barasuol JC, Moccelini BS, Magno MB, Bolan M, Martins-Junior PA, Maia LC, Cardoso M. Prevalence of toothache and associated factors in children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 26:1105-1119. [PMID: 34791550 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-021-04255-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This systematic review aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of toothache in children and adolescents and to verify its association with sociodemographic characteristics and dental caries experience. MATERIAL AND METHODS Six main and three grey literature databases were searched in February 2021. Observational studies that assessed the prevalence of toothache and associated factors were included. The methodological quality of the studies was evaluated following the guidelines by Fowkes and Fulton. Proportion and association meta-analyses were performed in MedCalc and Revman software, respectively. The certainty of the evidence was determined with the GRADE approach. RESULTS Seventy-one studies met the inclusion criteria. Thirty-two presented high methodological quality and a low risk of bias. The overall pooled prevalence of toothache in children and adolescents was 36.2% (95%CI: 33.0-39.42; I2: 99.72%; P < 0.001). Females (OR: 1.17; 95%CI: 1.08-1.26; I2: 91%; P < 0.001) and children and adolescents whose caregivers had ≤ 8 years of schooling (OR: 1.42; 95%CI: 1.30-1.56; I2: 77%; P < 0.001) presented the higher chance of reporting toothache. Dental caries experience increased the chance of reporting toothache in 3.49 times (95%CI: 2.70-4.51; I2: 92%; P < 0.001). The certainty of the evidence was very low. CONCLUSIONS The overall pooled prevalence of toothache was considered high. Sociodemographic characteristics (sex and caregivers' educational level) and previous dental caries experience were significantly associated with toothache reports. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Toothache is still a recurrent issue in many countries. Thus, it is essential to understand its possible associated factors to reduce the occurrence of new episodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Silveira Santos
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - Jéssica Copetti Barasuol
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Suelen Moccelini
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Marcela Baraúna Magno
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Michele Bolan
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Paulo Antônio Martins-Junior
- Department of Child and Adolescent Oral Health, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minhas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Lucianne Cople Maia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariane Cardoso
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Altan H, Coşgun A. Analysis of tweets on toothache during the COVID-19 pandemic using the CrystalFeel algorithm: a cross-sectional study. BMC Oral Health 2021; 21:418. [PMID: 34433449 PMCID: PMC8386340 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-021-01778-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Reasons such as the lack of information on the COVID-19 disease, lack of proven treatment for it, uncertainty about the duration of the pandemic, or social isolation affect people’s mental health. This study aimed to analyze the emotional type and intensity in tweets on toothache posted during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods Using the Twitter Search API, we collected tweets in English associated with the keywords “Corona, Toothache” “Corona, Tooth, Pain” “Corona, Dental Pain” “Covid-19, Toothache” “Covid-19, Tooth, Pain” and “Covid-19, Dental Pain” posted between March 11, 2020 and June 30, 2020 all around the world. After the relevant inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, 426 posts were selected and analyzed using the CrystalFeel algorithm, a sensitivity analytical technology with proven accuracy. The chi-square test (SPSS v23, IBM) was used to compare emotions and emotional intensities according to the words used. Results It was determined that 80.3% of the participants experienced fear and 61.7% had a negative emotional intensity. There was no statistically significant difference between the distributions of emotions according to the words without time distinction (p = 0.136). There was a statistically significant difference between the distributions of emotional intensity according to the words without time distinction (p = 0.006). The keyword “Corona, Toothache” was used the most frequently by 30.8% of the participants. Conclusions This study is the first to analyze the emotional reactions of individuals who experienced toothaches during the COVID-19 pandemic using the CrystalFeel algorithm. Monitoring the social media posts of individuals experiencing toothache during the pandemic will help reduce fear and anger emotions and design public information messages that are compatible with the target group’s needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halenur Altan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Alem Coşgun
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey.
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Pentapati KC, Yeturu SK, Siddiq H. Global and regional estimates of dental pain among children and adolescents-systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2021; 22:1-12. [PMID: 32557184 PMCID: PMC7943429 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-020-00545-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM We aimed to evaluate the pooled prevalence of dental pain amongst children and adolescents. METHODS Studies conducted in children and adolescents up to18 years of age and where prevalence of dental is reported or calculated were included. Search was performed in four major databases from inception to June 1st, 2019. Prevalence estimate at the maximal recall for the dental pain for the individual study was used to calculate the overall pooled estimate. RESULTS The prevalence of dental pain ranged from 1.33 to 87.8% in the included publications for quantitative synthesis (n = 97). More than half of the publications reported the lifetime prevalence of dental pain (n = 51) while few studies reported the current prevalence of dental pain (n = 3) and only one study evaluated the dental pain in the past one week. Heterogeneity was high among the included publications (Q = 49,063.12; P < 0.001; df = 96 and I2 = 99.8; P < 0.001). Overall pooled prevalence of dental pain was 32.7 (CI = 29.6-35.9). No difference was seen with respect to the trends in prevalence of dental pain (Coefficient: 0.005; 95% CI - 0.001-0.011; P-value: 0.101). CONCLUSION Two out of ten children below five years, four out of ten children between 6 and 12 years and three out of ten adolescents between 13 and 18 years would have experienced pain in the past. Overall, three out of ten children or adolescents might have experienced dental pain in the past. There was no difference in the pain prevalence between male and females. Studies from Africa reported highest pooled prevalence (50.1%) with least being from Australia (20.7%). Studies from India (40.4%), China (41.3%) and Iran (42.6%) reported high pooled prevalence estimates of dental pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyana Chakravarthy Pentapati
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
| | - Sravan Kumar Yeturu
- grid.411370.00000 0000 9081 2061Department of Public Health Dentistry, Amrita School of Dentistry, Amrita Viswavidya Peetham, Kochi, India
| | - Hanan Siddiq
- grid.411639.80000 0001 0571 5193Department of Public Health Dentistry, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104 Karnataka India
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Rogers HJ, Gilchrist F, Marshman Z, Rodd HD, Rowen D. Selection and validation of a classification system for a child-centred preference-based measure of oral health-related quality of life specific to dental caries. J Patient Rep Outcomes 2020; 4:105. [PMID: 33296062 PMCID: PMC7726068 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-020-00268-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Caries Impacts and Experiences Questionnaire for Children (CARIES-QC) is a child-centred caries-specific quality of life measure. This study aimed to select, and validate with children, a classification system for a paediatric condition-specific preference-based measure, based on CARIES-QC. Methods First, a provisional classification system for a preference-based measure based on CARIES-QC was identified using Rasch analysis, psychometric testing, involvement of children and parents, and the developer of CARIES-QC. Second, qualitative, semi-structured ‘think aloud’ validation interviews were undertaken with a purposive sample of children with dental caries. The interviewer aimed to identify whether items were considered important and easily understood, whether any were overlapping and if any excluded items should be reintroduced. Interview recordings were transcribed verbatim and thematic analysis conducted. Results Rasch analysis identified poor item spread for the items ‘cross’ and ‘school’. Items relating to eating were correlated and the better performing items were considered for selection. Children expressed some confusion regarding the items ‘school’ and ‘food stuck’. Parent representatives thought that impacts surrounding toothbrushing (‘brushing’) were encompassed by the item ‘hurt’. Five items were selected from CARIES-QC for inclusion in the provisional classification system; ‘hurt’, ‘annoy’, ‘carefully’, ‘kept awake’ and ‘cried’. Validation interviews were conducted with 20 children aged 5–16 years old. Participants thought the questionnaire was straightforward and covered a range of impacts. Children thought an item about certain foods being ‘hard to eat’ was more relevant than one about having to eat more carefully because of their teeth and so the ‘carefully’ item was replaced with ‘hard to eat’. Conclusion Following child-centred modification, the preliminary five-item classification system is considered valid and suitable for use in a valuation survey. The innovative child-centred methods used to both identify and validate the classification system can be applied in the development of other preference-based measures. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41687-020-00268-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen J Rogers
- Unit of Oral Health, Dentistry and Society, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
| | - Fiona Gilchrist
- Unit of Oral Health, Dentistry and Society, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Zoe Marshman
- Unit of Oral Health, Dentistry and Society, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Helen D Rodd
- Unit of Oral Health, Dentistry and Society, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Donna Rowen
- Health Economics and Decision Science, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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5
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Rogers HJ, Vermaire JH, Gilchrist F, Schuller AA. The Relationship between Caries-Specific Quality of Life and Generic Wellbeing in a Dutch Pediatric Population. Dent J (Basel) 2019; 7:dj7030067. [PMID: 31266138 PMCID: PMC6784473 DOI: 10.3390/dj7030067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental caries has significant negative impacts on the lives of children and young people. Whilst the impacts on children’s oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) have been increasingly investigated, the effect on children’s overall wellbeing remains largely unknown. Data were obtained from a survey conducted across four cities in the Netherlands. Children and their parents completed a series of questionnaires, which included Dutch versions of a caries-specific pediatric measure of OHRQoL (CARIES-QC-NL) and a generic pediatric health utility measure (CHU9D-NL). The participating children underwent dental examinations to determine their caries status. A total of 486 11-year-old children participated in the study, of which 184 had caries experience (38%). The mean number of decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) was 0.71. The CARIES-QC-NL was found to have statistically significant correlations with the DMFT and CHU9D-NL. There were no statistically significant correlations between the CHU9D and the clinical variables. The CARIES-QC-NL had acceptable internal consistency and construct validity in this population despite the low prevalence of active caries. A relationship was demonstrated between OHRQoL and generic wellbeing in this population. Despite this, the CHU9D did not show any correlation with the clinical data, which may limit its application in studies of the impact of dental caries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen J Rogers
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK.
| | - Jan H Vermaire
- TNO Child Health, Schipholweg 77-89, 2316 ZL Leiden, The Netherlands
- UMCG, Centre for Dentistry and Dental Hygiene, P.O. Box 30001 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Fiona Gilchrist
- School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TA, UK
| | - Annemarie A Schuller
- TNO Child Health, Schipholweg 77-89, 2316 ZL Leiden, The Netherlands
- UMCG, Centre for Dentistry and Dental Hygiene, P.O. Box 30001 9700 RB Groningen, The Netherlands
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Altan H, Çevik H, Doğru S, Coşgun A, Süren M, Okan İ. The pain colour of children with toothache in Turkish population. BMC Oral Health 2019; 19:59. [PMID: 30999904 PMCID: PMC6472088 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0756-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Toothache is a common consequence of untreated caries, predisposed by poor oral hygiene and high caries risk. Most children expressed their pain through their parents or carers. The aim of this study was to determine the colour of pain presence and absence. Methods Patients aged between 4 and 14 and referred to a dentist for the first time due to toothache had a short-term pain of 1 month caused by deep cavities. The children chose paintings from the box of 24 standard colours (Crayola, Spain) and the circles were painted. Pain was rated by children on the Visual Analoge Scale. Normality and variance were tested using the one-sample Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Associations were performed by using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Analyses were completed by using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL) version 20.0 program. Results A total of 147 patients including 78 girls (53.1%) and 69 boys (46.9%) were included in the study. The principal component analysis showed that red has the highest factor loading in children with pain, whereas yellow was the other highest one in children without pain. Conclusion The presence of pain was mainly associated with red, and the absence of pain was associated with yellow in Turkish population. Description of pain with colour can be useful tool to recognize the children and to improve dentist-patient or dentist-parents communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halenur Altan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokat, Turkey.
| | - Hüseyin Çevik
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Faculty of Dentistry, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Serkan Doğru
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Alem Coşgun
- Kayseri Nimet Bayraktar Oral and Dental Health Hospital, Clinic of Pediatric Dentistry, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Süren
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey
| | - İsmail Okan
- Department of General Surgery, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Faculty of Medicine, Tokat, Turkey
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Caries prevalence, clinical consequences and self-reported pain experienced by children living in the West Bank. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2019; 20:333-338. [DOI: 10.1007/s40368-018-00412-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Misrohmasari EAA, Hadnyanawati H, Kiswaluyo, Prihartiningrum B, Putri DE. Family characteristics on self-reported toothache among Indonesian children aged 12–14 years. FRONTIERS OF NURSING 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/fon-2018-0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
Toothache was reported as a reason for school absenteeism, sleeping difficulties, loss of appetite, and seeking dental treatment among children. These represented some impacts of dental problems on health, quality of life, and socioeconomic problems. The aims of this study were to describe the prevalence of toothache among 12–14-year-old children in Indonesia and their family characteristics and to analyze the associations of family characteristics on the toothache.
Methods
We analyzed the data from the Indonesian Family Life Survey 5 in 2014–2015. A total of 2,377 children aged 12–14 years were included in this survey. This age is the early stage of eruption of all permanent teeth. Children were asked about their experience on toothache in the last 4 weeks as a dependent variable. The independent variables were the family socioeconomic characteristics including father's and mother's highest educational level, family income, and the number of children in the family. A logistic regression was applied to analyze the relationship of family characteristics with toothache experience of children.
Results
Toothache experience was reported from 13.9% of the respondents. Descriptive statistics showed that higher percentages of toothache were experienced by male children and children from family with lower parental education and economic position as well as from bigger family. However, logistic regression showed that only the number of children in the family had a statistically positive association with self-reported toothache of the children. Children living in the family with more than four children were more likely reported toothache than living in the family with one or two children (P=0.012; odds ratio [OR]=1.53). Children living with more siblings may experience less attention from their parents on oral health hygiene. Poor oral health habits could result in dental pain.
Conclusions
Descriptive statistics showed that a higher percentage of toothache was experienced by children from lower socioeconomic families, although the only significant association was the number of children in the family.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Kiswaluyo
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Jember , Jember 68121 , Jember Regency Indonesia
| | | | - Dina Eka Putri
- Private Dental Clinic , Lumajang 67374 , Lumajang Indonesia
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Goettems ML, Shqair AQ, Bergmann VF, Cadermatori MG, Correa MB, Demarco FF. Oral health self-perception, dental caries, and pain: the role of dental fear underlying this association. Int J Paediatr Dent 2018. [PMID: 29528150 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral health perception has multidimensional nature and can be influenced not only by clinical conditions but also by psychosocial characteristics. HYPOTHESIS Dental fear could modify the association between dental caries and dental pain and the perception of negative impact. DESIGN A cross-sectional study was conducted with (n = 1,196) children aged 8-12 years attending public and private schools in Pelotas/Brazil. Children were interviewed and examined. Oral health perception was assessed using a global oral health impact item. Crude and adjusted multivariable regression models were built and effect modification of dental fear in the association between clinical indicators and perception of impact was tested. RESULTS Compared with children without fear and caries, children with fear and dental caries presented a 1.45 higher prevalence of negative impact (95% CI: 1.18-1.79) while those without fear and with dental caries had a 1.31 higher prevalence (95% CI: 1.11-1.54) after adjustments. Also, the prevalence of negative perception was higher for children with fear and dental pain (PR: 2.95; 95% CI: 1.59-2.39) and for children without fear and with pain (PR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.29-1.80), compared to children without fear and pain. CONCLUSION The presence of fear increased the effect of pain and caries on children's oral health perception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marília Leão Goettems
- Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Ayah Qassem Shqair
- Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marcos Britto Correa
- Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
| | - Flávio Fernando Demarco
- Post Graduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.,Post Graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil
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10
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Lahti S, Sipilä K, Taanila A, Laitinen J. Oral pain and associated factors among adolescents in northern Finland. Int J Circumpolar Health 2016; 67:245-53. [DOI: 10.3402/ijch.v67i2-3.18281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Ayo-Yusuf IJ, Naidoo S. Social gradient in the cost of oral pain and related dental service utilisation among South African adults. BMC Oral Health 2016; 16:117. [PMID: 27814711 PMCID: PMC5097356 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-016-0313-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oral pain affects people’s daily activities and quality of life. The burden of oral pain may vary across socio-economic positions. Currently, little is known about the social gradient in the cost of oral pain among South Africans. This study therefore assessed the social gradient in the cost of oral pain and the related dental service utilisation pattern among South African adults. Methods Data were obtained from a nationally representative cross-sectional survey of South African adults ≥16 year-old (n = 2651) as part of the South African Social Attitudes Survey conducted by the South African Human Sciences Research Council. The survey included demographic data, individual-level socio-economic position (SEP), self-reported oral health status, past six months’ oral pain experience and cost. The area-level SEP was obtained from the 2010 General Household Survey (n = 25,653 households) and the 2010/2011Quarterly Labour Force Survey conducted in South Africa. The composite indices used for individual-level SEP (α = 0.76) and area-level SEP (α = 0.88) were divided into tertiles. Data analysis was done using t-tests and ANOVA. Significance was set at p < 0.05. Results The prevalence of oral pain among the adult South Africans was 19.4 % (95 % CI = 17.2–21.9). The most commonly reported form of oral pain was ‘toothache’ (78.9 %). The majority of the wealthiest participants sought care from private dental clinics (64.7 %), or from public dental clinics (19.7 %), while the poorest tended to visit a public dental clinic (45 %) or nurse/general medical practitioner (17.4 %). In the poorest areas, 21 % responded to pain by ‘doing nothing’. The individual expenditure for oral pain showed a social gradient from an average of ZAR61.44 spent by those of lowest SEP to ZAR433.83 by the wealthiest (national average ZAR170.92). Average time lost from school/work was two days over the six-month period, but days lost was highest for those living in middle class neighbourhoods (3.41), while those from the richest neighbourhood had lost significantly fewer days from oral pain (0.64). Conclusions There is a significant social gradient in the burden of oral pain. Improved access to dental care, possibly through carefully planned universal National Health Insurance (NHI), may reduce oral health disparities in South Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imade J Ayo-Yusuf
- Department of Dental Management Sciences, School of Dentistry, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, PO Box 1266, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa.
| | - Sudeshni Naidoo
- Department of Community Oral Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X1, Tygerberg, 7505, South Africa
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Saheer A, Kousalya PS, Raju R, Gubbihal R. Dental pain among 10-15 year old children attending oral health promoting schools: A cross-sectional study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2016; 5:S101-6. [PMID: 26942112 PMCID: PMC4756562 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.172948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Dental pain is a major public health problem and one of the consequences of oral diseases which requires significant adjustments in life management leading to decreased quality of life. Objective: To assess prevalence of dental pain and its impact on daily life and to explore its relationship with oral health behavior and clinical oral status among 10-15 year old school children attending oral health promoting schools. Method: This cross sectional study was conducted in 6 schools serving low -middle socio economic strata in Bangalore, India. A total of 1237 children were surveyed for history of dental pain during past 3 month. Participants who reported dental pain completed self-reported oral health behaviour and Child dental pain questionnaire. Clinical oral examination included assessment of dental caries, periodontal status. Data was analyzed using t - test, Chi-square test, ANOVA and Regression Analysis. Results: Prevalence of dental pain was 15.6% (n = 194). Among children with pain, 17%, 43% and 40% reported mild, moderate and severe pain. Impact on daily activities was reported by 66%. Mean DMFT and DMFS was 1.80 and 2.11 Mean deft and defs was 2.47 and 3.41. Multiple logistic regression revealed that severity and impact of dental pain was associated with gender, frequency of tooth brushing, consumption of sweets and deciduous dental caries experience. Conclusion: Prevalence of Dental pain is associated with brushing behavior, consumption of sweets and deciduous dental caries experience, showing need for further attention to these conditions and a need to strengthen preventive and therapeutic dental services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Saheer
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Vokkaligara Sangha Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Pallavi Swami Kousalya
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Vokkaligara Sangha Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Rekha Raju
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Vokkaligara Sangha Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Radha Gubbihal
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Vokkaligara Sangha Dental College and Hospital, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
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da Silva AN, da Silva CMFP, Vettore MV. Are resilience and maternal sense of coherence associated with gingival status in adolescents from low-income families? Int J Paediatr Dent 2014; 24:450-9. [PMID: 24444315 DOI: 10.1111/ipd.12093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The capacity to overcome social disadvantages and maintain oral health through psychosocial processes remains poorly understood in children. AIM This study assessed the relationship of children's resilience and maternal sense of coherence (SOC) with gingival status in children from low-income families. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted on 190 schoolchildren aged 11-12 years and their mothers. Family socioeconomic characteristics and housing conditions, maternal and children's oral cleanliness behaviours (tooth brushing and dental floss use), maternal SOC, children's resilience, and demographic data were collected through interviews with children and their mothers. Validated versions of Antonovsky's scale and the resilience scale were used to assess mother's SOC and children's resilience. Gingival status and dental plaque of children were evaluated through clinical examinations using bleeding on probing index and plaque index. Statistical analysis included Pearson's correlation and hierarchical multinomial ordinal logistic regression analyses. RESULTS The mean frequency of gingival bleeding in the sample was 8.4% (SD: 8.5). Children with higher levels of resilience showed 31% lower odds of gingival bleeding (OR: 0.7; 95% CI: 0.4-0.9) after adjustment for socioeconomic characteristics, children's and mothers' use of dental floss. CONCLUSIONS Children's resilience was a psychosocial factor associated with gingival conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréa Neiva da Silva
- Department of Health and Society, Institute of Community Health, Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Noro LRA, Roncalli AG, Mendes Júnior FIR, Lima KCD, Teixeira AKM. Toothache and social and economic conditions among adolescents in Northeastern Brazil. CIENCIA & SAUDE COLETIVA 2014; 19:105-13. [DOI: 10.1590/1413-81232014191.2110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The scope of this study was to correlate toothache with social and economic conditions, access to oral health facilities and the lifestyle of adolescents in Sobral in the state of Ceará. It was conducted as a cross-sectional analytical study with a sample composed of 688 adolescents. The prevalence of toothache in the study group was 31.8%. A chi-square test of association was performed to measure the relationship between independent variables and toothache, estimating the prevalence ratio by Poisson regression. The factors that demonstrated the closest relationship with toothache were cavity severity, the reason for dental treatment being related to urgency, frequency of dental appointments and the distribution of toothbrushes at school. It was observed that the high prevalence of dental pain in adolescents is directly linked to the access conditions, as well as the characteristics of the actions developed by the health services. Just as there is a need for the deployment of services related to health promotion, based on equity and integration, it is necessary to introduce emergency services to intervene not just to curtail crippling pain, but also as a mechanism to stimulate the development of procedures for the prevention of oral diseases.
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Ola D, Gambôa ABO, Folayan MO, Marcenes W. Family structure, socioeconomic position and utilization of oral health services among Nigerian senior secondary school pupils. J Public Health Dent 2012; 73:158-65. [PMID: 22970821 DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-7325.2012.00362.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test the relationship between socioeconomic position (SEP), family composition, number of siblings, and birth position in the family, and the utilization of oral health services by senior secondary school pupils in Ile-Ife, Nigeria. METHODS A cross-sectional study design included senior secondary school pupils in the Central Local Government Area of Ile-Ife during 2007/2008. Sample size calculation was performed and 1,200 pupils were invited to participate. A multistage, stratified sampling technique was used. Data collection included a self-administered questionnaire. Data were analyzed using logistic regression. RESULTS The response rate was 76 percent (n=1043). The mean age was 15.8 (standard deviation=1.9) and 49 percent were males. Only 22.5 percent of pupils had ever visited a dentist in their lives. Results from multivariate analyses showed that pupils attending free schools, those paying 1 to 10,000 naira (equivalent to US$ 63.31) and 10,000 to 19,000 naira (equivalent to US$ 120.29) were respectively 1.93, 1.87, and 2.74 times less likely to have attended a dentist in the past than pupils in more expensive schools. Pupils living with single mothers or without a parent were unlikely to have visited the dentist. Number of siblings and birth position in the family were not associated with utilization of oral health services. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents from families with a low SEP growing up without their parents may need extra incentives to visit dentist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Ola
- Institute of Dentistry, Barts & The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary, University of London, London, UK
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Boeira GF, Correa MB, Peres KG, Peres MA, Santos IS, Matijasevich A, Barros AJD, Demarco FF. Caries is the main cause for dental pain in childhood: findings from a birth cohort. Caries Res 2012; 46:488-95. [PMID: 22813889 DOI: 10.1159/000339491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 04/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of dental pain in preschool children and its association with socioeconomic, demographic, clinical, and behavior variables. SUBJECTS AND METHODS The study was nested in a population-based birth cohort from Pelotas, Brazil, started in 2004. A sample of 1,129 children aged 5 years was dentally examined, and their mothers were interviewed. Exploratory variables included demographics, socioeconomic status, mothers' oral health status and associated behaviors, and caries in primary teeth. Data were analyzed using multivariable Poisson regression. RESULTS The prevalence of dental pain was 16.5% (95% CI: 14.4-18.8). Multivariate analysis showed that dark-skinned children (prevalence ratio, PR = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1-2.4) from low socioeconomic level (PR 1.9, 1.2-3.0) whose mothers had less than 4 years of education (PR 1.9, 1.0-3.6), from mothers with less than 10 teeth in at least one arch (PR 1.7, 1.2-2.5) and less than 10 in two arches (PR 1.6, 1.0-2.6), and those with high caries prevalence at the age of 5 years (PR 4.8, 3.3-7.1) were more likely to experience dental pain. CONCLUSIONS Unrestored caries is the main factor associated with dental pain in childhood. Socioeconomic aspects and family context in which dental pain occurs should also be taken into account when dental pain preventive measures are implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- G F Boeira
- Postgraduate Programs in Dentistry, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
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Freire MDCM, Leles CR, Sardinha LMV, Paludetto Junior M, Malta DC, Peres MA. Dor dentária e fatores associados em adolescentes brasileiros: a Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE), Brasil, 2009. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2012; 28 Suppl:s133-45. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-311x2012001300014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2010] [Accepted: 07/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a prevalência da dor de dente em adolescentes brasileiros e analisar fatores sociodemográficos e comportamentais associados, utilizando os dados da Pesquisa Nacional de Saúde do Escolar (PeNSE) de 2009. A pesquisa foi realizada pelo Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística e pelo Ministério da Saúde em escolares com idades entre 11 e 17 anos ou mais, das 27 capitais brasileiras, por meio de questionário autoaplicável. Utilizou-se a análise de regressão de Poisson, segundo um modelo hierárquico de determinação. A prevalência de dor na amostra (n = 54.985) nos últimos seis meses foi de 17,8% (IC95%: 17,5-18,1). Prevalências mais elevadas foram encontradas em mulheres, naqueles com 14 anos ou mais, das raças preta, parda e indígena, de escolas públicas, cujas mães tinham baixa escolaridade, que não moravam com a mãe, que haviam experimentado cigarro e álcool alguma vez na vida, que relataram menor frequência de escovação e maior consumo de guloseimas e refrigerantes. A prevalência de dor foi considerável e associada a aspectos sociodemográficos e de comportamentos relacionados à saúde.
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Iida H, Lewis CW. Utility of a Summative Scale Based on the Children with Special Health Care Needs (CSHCN) Screener to Identify CSHCN with Special Dental Care Needs. Matern Child Health J 2011; 16:1164-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s10995-011-0894-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Yuen HK, Wiegand RE, Hill EG, Magruder KM, Slate EH, Salinas CF, London SD. Factors associated with toothache among African American adolescents living in rural South Carolina. SOCIAL WORK IN PUBLIC HEALTH 2011; 26:695-707. [PMID: 22085328 PMCID: PMC3515648 DOI: 10.1080/19371918.2010.525152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to explore behavioral factors associated with toothache among African American adolescents living in rural South Carolina. Using a self-administered questionnaire, data were collected on toothache experience in the past 12 months, oral hygiene behavior, dental care utilization, and cariogenic snack and nondiet soft drink consumption in a convenience sample of 156 African American adolescents age 10 to 18 years living in rural South Carolina. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to assess the associations between reported toothache experience and sociodemographic variables, oral health behavior, and snack consumption. Thirty-four percent of adolescents reported having toothache in the past 12 months. In univariable modeling, age, dental visit in the last 2 years, quantity and frequency of cariogenic snack consumption, and quantity of nondiet soft drink consumption were each significantly associated with experiencing toothache in the past 12 months (all p values < 0.05). Multivariable logistic regression analysis indicated that younger age, frequent consumption of cariogenic snacks, and number of cans of nondiet soft drink consumed during the weekend significantly increased the odds of experiencing toothache in the past 12 months (all p values ≤ 0.01). Findings indicate age, frequent consumption of cariogenic snacks, and number of cans of nondiet soft drinks are related to toothache in this group. Public policy implications related to selling cariogenic snacks and soft drink that targeting children and adolescents especially those from low income families are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hon K. Yuen
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Health Professions, Medical University of South Carolina, 77 President St. P. O. BOX 250700, Charleston, SC 29425. Tel: 843-792-3788; Fax: 843-792-0710
| | - Ryan E. Wiegand
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics & Epidemiology, Medical University of South Carolina
| | - Elizabeth G. Hill
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics & Epidemiology, Medical University of South Carolina
| | - Kathryn M. Magruder
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina
| | - Elizabeth H. Slate
- Department of Biostatistics, Bioinformatics & Epidemiology, Medical University of South Carolina
| | - Carlos F. Salinas
- Division Craniofacial Genetics, College of Dental Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina
| | - Steven D. London
- Stony Brook University, School of Dental Medicine, 150 Rockland Hall, Stony Brook, New York 11794-8700
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Levin KA, Currie C. Adolescent toothbrushing and the home environment: sociodemographic factors, family relationships and mealtime routines and disorganisation. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol 2009; 38:10-8. [PMID: 19845713 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0528.2009.00509.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous studies have shown that sociodemographic factors are associated with adolescent toothbrushing. While there has been some investigation of parental modelling of oral health behaviour and the association between parental support and oral health, there has been no investigation of the home environment and its effect on oral health behaviour. The current study examines variables related to the family, including mealtime routines and family relationships to determine the best predictors of adolescent toothbrushing. METHODS Data from the 2006 Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children Survey were modelled using logistic univariate and multivariable modelling with outcome variable twice-a-day toothbrushing. RESULTS Higher family socioeconomic and affluence were significantly associated with greater odds of toothbrushing twice a day or more. Family structure was also significantly associated with girls' toothbrushing. However, under the multivariable model, eating breakfast was found to be the best predictor of twice-a-day toothbrushing among boys and girls. The next best predictor of boys' toothbrushing was eating family meals and of girls' toothbrushing, never going to bed hungry, followed by family affluence for both boys and girls. Under the multivariable model, family structure was no longer significantly associated with girls' toothbrushing. CONCLUSIONS The study shows that the family and home environment should play a central role in the promotion of oral health, through mealtime routines, incorporating a fair parenting style and developing open and positive family relationships. Not only are these strongly associated with twice a day toothbrushing but, unlike sociodemographic factors, they may be relatively easy to adopt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate A Levin
- Child and Adolescent Health Research Unit, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
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Dental pain, oral impacts and perceived need for dental treatment in Tanzanian school students: a cross-sectional study. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2009; 7:73. [PMID: 19643004 PMCID: PMC2726126 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7525-7-73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2009] [Accepted: 07/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Dental caries, dental pain and reported oral problems influence people's oral quality of life and thus their perceived need for dental care. So far there is scant information as to the psychosocial impacts of dental diseases and the perceived treatment need in child populations of sub-Saharan Africa. Objectives Focusing on primary school students in Kilwa, Tanzania, a district deprived of dental services and with low fluoride concentration in drinking water, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of dental pain and oral impacts on daily performances (OIDP), and to describe the distribution of OIDP by socio-demographics, dental caries, dental pain and reported oral problems. The relationship of perceived need estimates with OIDP was also investigated. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2008. A total of 1745 students (mean age 13.8 yr, sd = 1.67) completed an extensive personal interview and under-went clinical examination. The impacts on daily performances were assessed using a Kiswahili version of the Child-OIDP instrument and caries experience was recorded using WHO (1997) criteria. Results A total of 36.2% (41.3% urban and 31.4% rural, p < 0.001) reported at least one OIDP. The prevalence of dental caries was 17.4%, dental pain 36.4%, oral problems 54.1% and perceived need for dental treatment 46.8% in urban students. Corresponding estimates in rural students were 20.8%, 24.4%, 43.3% and 43.8%. Adjusted OR for reporting oral impacts if having dental pain ranged from 2.5 (95% CI 1.8–3.6) (problem smiling) to 4.7 (95% CI 3.4–6.5) (problem sleeping),- if having oral problems, from 1.9 (95% CI 1.3–2.6) (problem sleeping) to 3.8 (95% CI 2.7–5.2) (problem eating) and if having dental caries from 1.5 (95% CI 1.1–2.0) (problem eating) to 2.2 (95% CI 1.5–2.9) (problem sleeping). Students who perceived need for dental care were less likely to be females (OR = 0.8, 95% CI 0.6–0.9) and more likely to have impacts on eating (OR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.4–2.7) and tooth cleaning (OR = 1.6, 95% CI 1.6–2.5). Conclusion Substantial proportions of students suffered from untreated dental caries, oral impacts on daily performances and perceived need for dental care. Dental pain and reported oral problems varied systematically with OIDP across the eight impacts considered. Eating and tooth cleaning problems discriminated between subjects who perceived need for dental treatment and those who did not.
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Pau A, Khan SS, Babar MG, Croucher R. Dental pain and care-seeking in 11-14-yr-old adolescents in a low-income country. Eur J Oral Sci 2008; 116:451-7. [PMID: 18821988 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2008.00563.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this article was to document the 1-month dental pain prevalence in 11-14-yr-old subjects attending Grade Six of middle schools in Peshawar, Pakistan, and to explore the effect of dental pain and the impact on daily living on dental care-seeking. A self-completed questionnaire survey of all 13 middle schools in University Town, Peshawar, Pakistan, was carried out in April 2007. Questionnaire items on dental pain were adapted from the dental pain screening questionnaire (DePaQ) and items on the impact on daily living were adapted from the child-oral impact on daily performance (OIDP-Child) questionnaire. Regression analysis was carried out to determine the relative usefulness of predictors for care-seeking. The prevalence of dental pain was estimated to be 30.4%, and care-seeking in those reporting pain was estimated to be 64%. Care-seeking was associated with 'pain felt in one tooth', 'painful tooth felt loose', 'difficulties sleeping', and 'difficulties playing', which accounted for 35% of the explained variance. The findings substantiate dental pain as an important dental public health concern in Pakistan and support the hypothesis that assessment of dental pain characteristics can add to the accuracy of dental need estimation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allan Pau
- Institute of Dentistry, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
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Bastos JL, Peres MA, Peres KG, Araujo CLP, Menezes AMB. Toothache prevalence and associated factors: a life course study from birth to age 12 yr. Eur J Oral Sci 2008; 116:458-66. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.2008.00566.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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