1
|
Gedye K, Poole-Crowe E, Shepherd M, Wilding A, Parton K, Lopez-Villalobos N, Cave N. Prevalence of the ABCB1-1Δ gene mutation in a sample of New Zealand Huntaway dogs. N Z Vet J 2023; 71:133-136. [PMID: 36786530 DOI: 10.1080/00480169.2023.2181238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To determine the prevalence of the ATP Binding Cassette Subfamily B Member 1-1Δ mutation (ABCB1-1Δ; previously Multidrug Resistance 1 (MDR1) mutation) in a cohort of New Zealand Huntaway dogs. MATERIALS AND METHODS Samples were opportunistically collected from Huntaway dogs (n = 189) from throughout New Zealand. Buccal swabs were collected from 42 Huntaways from the Wairarapa region and 147 blood samples from Huntaways from the Gisborne, Waikato, Manawatū/Whanganui, Hawkes Bay, Canterbury and Otago regions. DNA was extracted from all samples and tested for the presence of the ABCB1-1Δ allele. RESULTS Of 189 Huntaway dogs that were tested, two were found to be heterozygous carriers of the ABCB1-1Δ allele and the remaining 187/189 dogs were homozygous for the wild type allele. No dogs homozygous for the mutation were identified. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE The results of this study show that the ABCB1-1Δ allele is present in Huntaway dogs. The low prevalence in this convenience sample suggests that the prevalence of this allele in the Huntaway population is likely to be low. We recommend that veterinary clinicians discuss the potential for this mutation in Huntaways with dog owners including the clinical implications for dogs that are homozygous for the mutated allele and the potential for testing for the mutation, as they would do for other known mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Gedye
- Tāwharau Ora - School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | | | | | | | - K Parton
- Tāwharau Ora - School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - N Lopez-Villalobos
- School of Agriculture and the Environment, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| | - N Cave
- Tāwharau Ora - School of Veterinary Science, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Takano K, de Hayr L, Carver S, Harvey RJ, Mounsey KE. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic considerations for treating sarcoptic mange with cross-relevance to Australian wildlife. Int J Parasitol Drugs Drug Resist 2023; 21:97-113. [PMID: 36906936 PMCID: PMC10023865 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2023.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
Sarcoptes scabiei is the microscopic burrowing mite responsible for sarcoptic mange, which is reported in approximately 150 mammalian species. In Australia, sarcoptic mange affects a number of native and introduced wildlife species, is particularly severe in bare-nosed wombats (Vombatus ursinus) and an emerging issue in koala and quenda. There are a variety of acaricides available for the treatment of sarcoptic mange which are generally effective in eliminating mites from humans and animals in captivity. In wild populations, effective treatment is challenging, and concerns exist regarding safety, efficacy and the potential emergence of acaricide resistance. There are risks where acaricides are used intensively or inadequately, which could adversely affect treatment success rates as well as animal welfare. While reviews on epidemiology, treatment strategies, and pathogenesis of sarcoptic mange in wildlife are available, there is currently no review evaluating the use of specific acaricides in the context of their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties, and subsequent likelihood of emerging drug resistance, particularly for Australian wildlife. This review critically evaluates acaricides that have been utilised to treat sarcoptic mange in wildlife, including dosage forms and routes, pharmacokinetics, mode of action and efficacy. We also highlight the reports of resistance of S. scabiei to acaricides, including clinical and in vitro observations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Takano
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia; Sunshine Coast Health Institute, Birtinya, QLD, Australia
| | - Lachlan de Hayr
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia; Sunshine Coast Health Institute, Birtinya, QLD, Australia
| | - Scott Carver
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Robert J Harvey
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia; Sunshine Coast Health Institute, Birtinya, QLD, Australia
| | - Kate E Mounsey
- School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia; Sunshine Coast Health Institute, Birtinya, QLD, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Savadelis MD, McTier TL, Kryda K, Maeder SJ, Woods DJ. Moxidectin: heartworm disease prevention in dogs in the face of emerging macrocyclic lactone resistance. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:82. [PMID: 35277180 PMCID: PMC8915515 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-05104-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) disease continues to increase and spread, remaining one of the most important and pathogenic parasitic diseases of dogs, despite the regular use of macrocyclic lactones (MLs) in preventive products. Dogs harboring strains of D. immitis resistant to MLs, the only drug class available for heartworm prevention in the United States, have been documented and proven. As no new products are available utilizing a novel drug class for the prevention of this disease, the only options for combating ML resistance include increasing the dose and/or changing the dosage regime of current MLs, or by optimizing the formulations of MLs currently available. Moxidectin provides a unique opportunity for optimization of the dose and formulation, which may provide improved efficacy against ML-resistant strains. Currently there are oral, topical, and injectable moxidectin products approved for heartworm prevention in the USA. Two new products (ProHeart® 12 and Simparica Trio®), available in many countries around the world including the USA, take advantage of the unique attributes of moxidectin for providing robust heartworm prevention against the strains of heartworm to which most dogs in the USA will likely be exposed. Both products have demonstrated 100% preventive efficacy in laboratory studies against recently collected field strains of heartworm, and also in large field studies, where the majority of dogs were living in the southern USA in areas where ML resistance has been confirmed to occur, therefore under elevated heartworm challenge. Based on the data summarized here, these products offer important advances in heartworm prevention and provide additional options for veterinarians and pet owners to protect their dogs from developing heartworm disease.
Collapse
|
4
|
Galindo J, Ayala MA, Sánchez DR, Hernández C, Duifhuis T. Novel genotyping assay for the nt230 (del4) ABCB1 gene mutation and its allele frequency in Border Collie dogs in Mexico. J Vet Diagn Invest 2021; 33:1133-1136. [PMID: 34344235 DOI: 10.1177/10406387211033839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A 4-bp deletion in the ATP-binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1) gene, also referred to as the multidrug resistance gene (MDR1), produces stop codons that cause premature termination of P-glycoprotein 1 (P-gp) synthesis. Dogs with the homozygous mutation do not express functional P-gp, which increases their sensitivity markedly to many common veterinary drugs. We detected the nt230 (del4) ABCB1 mutation in Border Collie dogs in western Mexico with a simple and affordable primer-introduced restriction analysis PCR (PIRA-PCR). PIRA-PCR clearly identified all genotypes in our sample of 104 dogs. Genotype frequencies were 0.952 (wild/wild), 0.029 (wild/mut) and 0.019 (mut/mut). Allele frequencies were 0.033 (mutant alleles) and 0.966 (wild-type alleles). In this small subset of the Mexican dog population, we found a higher prevalence of the nt230 (del4) MDR1/ABCB1 gene mutation than reported in other countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Galindo
- Departamento de Producción Animal, División de Ciencias Veterinarias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Miguel A Ayala
- Departamento de Producción Animal, División de Ciencias Veterinarias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - David R Sánchez
- Departamento de Producción Animal, División de Ciencias Veterinarias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Cecilia Hernández
- Departamento de Producción Animal, División de Ciencias Veterinarias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| | - Theodor Duifhuis
- Departamento de Producción Animal, División de Ciencias Veterinarias, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Jalisco, México
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Silvestro CA, Soria LA, Conte A, Marrube G. Two methods for genotyping a 4-base deletion in the canine ABCB1 gene. J Vet Diagn Invest 2020; 31:889-892. [PMID: 31711409 DOI: 10.1177/1040638719887374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A 4-bp deletion (c.230_233delATAG) of the ABCB1 gene, frequently found in various dog breeds, results in intolerance to certain drugs routinely used in veterinary medicine, including many chemotherapeutic agents and macrocyclic lactones. The use of rapid and reliable genetic testing is fundamental for early detection of the mutation and prevention of undesirable toxicoses. We developed and compared 2 genotyping tests: PCR-high-resolution melting (PCR-HRM) and PCR-restriction-fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) to identify the 4-bp deletion in the ABCB1 gene of canine breeds. Amplified PCR products were sequenced in order to confirm different genotypes. Both techniques were efficient in discriminating homozygous wild-type, homozygous mutated, and heterozygous ABCB1 genotypes, and proved to be reproducible and economical methods. The HRM analysis, a sensitive and specific method for the molecular detection of genetic disorders, does not require labeled probes, processing, or separations after PCR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolina A Silvestro
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Liliana A Soria
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adriana Conte
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Graciela Marrube
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Cátedra de Genética, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kryda K, Six RH, Walsh KF, Holzmer SJ, Chapin S, Mahabir SP, Myers M, Inskeep T, Rugg J, Cundiff B, Pullins A, Ulrich M, McCall JW, McTier TL, Maeder SJ. Laboratory and field studies to investigate the efficacy of a novel, orally administered combination product containing moxidectin, sarolaner and pyrantel for the prevention of heartworm disease (Dirofilaria immitis) in dogs. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:445. [PMID: 31506094 PMCID: PMC6737634 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3702-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dirofilaria immitis is a filarial parasite of dogs that can cause serious or fatal cardiopulmonary disease. Three studies were conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of monthly treatment with moxidectin in a chewable tablet product in combination with sarolaner and pyrantel to prevent heartworm disease in dogs after experimental challenge and in a clinical field study in the USA. METHODS In two laboratory studies, dogs (8 per group) that had been inoculated 30 days prior with 50 third-stage D. immitis larvae were randomized to treatment on Day 0 with placebo or combination product, at the minimum dose of 24 µg/kg moxidectin, 2 mg/kg sarolaner and 5 mg/kg pyrantel (as pamoate salt). Study 2 also included groups treated with tablets containing moxidectin-alone (24 µg/kg) or sarolaner-alone (2 mg/kg). Efficacy was evaluated ~ 5 months after inoculation by adult heartworm counts at necropsy. In the field study, 410 dogs ≥ 8 weeks-old from 23 USA veterinary clinics were treated for 11 months with either combination product at 24-48 µg/kg moxidectin, 2-4 mg/kg sarolaner and 5-10 mg/kg pyrantel (n = 272) or Heartgard® Plus (ivermectin/pyrantel) at the label recommended dose rate (n = 138). Efficacy was evaluated on Day 330 using antigen and microfilaria testing to assess adult heartworm infection. RESULTS In the laboratory studies, there were no heartworms recovered from any dog treated with the combination product or moxidectin alone and all dogs treated with placebo or sarolaner-alone were infected with 20-44 adult heartworms. In the field study, all dogs treated with the combination product tested negative for heartworm infection on Day 330, whereas two dogs treated with Heartgard® Plus tested positive. The Heartgard® Plus-treated dogs that tested heartworm positive were from the lower Mississippi River Valley region, where heartworm resistance has been confirmed to occur. The combination product was well tolerated in all studies. CONCLUSIONS In laboratory studies, no heartworms were recovered from dogs treated with a single dose of the novel combination product containing moxidectin, sarolaner and pyrantel. Additionally, in the field study no dog tested positive for adult heartworm infection when dosed with the combination product monthly for 11 months, while two dogs treated with Heartgard® Plus tested positive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Kryda
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis, Inc., 333 Portage St, Kalamazoo, MI 49007 USA
| | - Robert H. Six
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis, Inc., 333 Portage St, Kalamazoo, MI 49007 USA
| | - Kelly F. Walsh
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis, Inc., 333 Portage St, Kalamazoo, MI 49007 USA
| | - Susan J. Holzmer
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis, Inc., 333 Portage St, Kalamazoo, MI 49007 USA
| | - Sara Chapin
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis, Inc., 333 Portage St, Kalamazoo, MI 49007 USA
| | - Sean P. Mahabir
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis, Inc., 333 Portage St, Kalamazoo, MI 49007 USA
| | - Melanie Myers
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis, Inc., 333 Portage St, Kalamazoo, MI 49007 USA
| | - Tammy Inskeep
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis, Inc., 333 Portage St, Kalamazoo, MI 49007 USA
| | - Jady Rugg
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis, Inc., 333 Portage St, Kalamazoo, MI 49007 USA
| | - Blair Cundiff
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis, Inc., 333 Portage St, Kalamazoo, MI 49007 USA
| | - Aleah Pullins
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis, Inc., 333 Portage St, Kalamazoo, MI 49007 USA
| | - Michael Ulrich
- Cheri-Hill Kennel and Supply Inc., 17190 Polk Road, Stanwood, MI 49346 USA
| | | | - Tom L. McTier
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis, Inc., 333 Portage St, Kalamazoo, MI 49007 USA
| | - Steven J. Maeder
- Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis, Inc., 333 Portage St, Kalamazoo, MI 49007 USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lee JJ, Lin HY, Chen CA, Lin CS, Wang LC. Development of an oligonucleotide microarray for simultaneous detection of two canine MDR1 genotypes and association between genotypes and chemotherapy side effects. J Vet Sci 2019; 20:27-33. [PMID: 30481983 PMCID: PMC6351760 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2019.20.1.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Canine MDR1 gene mutations produce translated P-glycoprotein, an active drug efflux transporter, resulting in dysfunction or over-expression. The 4-base deletion at exon 4 of MDR1 at nucleotide position 230 (nt230[del4]) in exon 4 makes P-glycoprotein lose function, leading to drug accumulation and toxicity. The G allele of the c.-6-180T>G variation in intron 1 of MDR1 (single nucleotide polymorphism [SNP] 180) causes P-glycoprotein over-expression, making epileptic dogs resistant to phenobarbital treatment. Both of these mutations are reported to be common in collies. This study develops a more efficient method to detect these two mutations simultaneously, and clarifies the genotype association with the side effects of chemotherapy. Genotype distribution in Taiwan was also investigated. An oligonucleotide microarray was successfully developed for the detection of both genotypes and was applied to clinical samples. No 4-base deletion mutant allele was detected in dogs in Taiwan. However, the G allele variation of SNP 180 was spread across all dog breeds, not only in collies. The chemotherapy adverse effect percentages of the SNP 180 T/T, T/G, and G/G genotypes were 16.7%, 6.3%, and 0%, respectively. This study describes an efficient way for MDR1 gene mutation detection, clarifying genotype distribution, and the association with chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jih-Jong Lee
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Han-You Lin
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chun-An Chen
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Si Lin
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Lih-Chiann Wang
- School of Veterinary Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
de Castro Rodrigues D, Buzullini C, Pereira TA, Curz BC, Gomes LVC, Soares VE, Bastos TSA, Couto LFM, Lopes WDZ, de Oliveira GP, Costa AJD. Avermectin toxicity in bovines less than thirty days old. Res Vet Sci 2018; 118:403-412. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2018.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
9
|
Dekel Y, Machluf Y, Stoler A, Aderet A, Baumel D, Kellerman E, Plotsky Y, Noked Partouche O, Elhalal G, Ben-Shlomo I, Bercovich D. Frequency of canine nt230(del4) MDR1 mutation in prone pure breeds, their crosses and mongrels in Israel - insights from a worldwide comparative perspective. BMC Vet Res 2017; 13:333. [PMID: 29132368 PMCID: PMC5683241 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1251-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sensitivity to macrocyclic lactones, which are commonly used in veterinary clinics, was first found in Rough Collies, and was attributed in 2001 to a 4 bp deletion in the MDR1 gene. The list of affected breeds currently includes 13 breeds. Researchers from different countries and continents examined the allelic frequencies of the nt230(del4) MDR1 mutation, emphasizing the clinical importance of this test not only to mutation-prone dogs, but also to their crosses and mongrels, since treatment of a deletion carrier with these compounds may lead to its death. In this study, the allelic frequencies of nt230(del4) MDR1 mutation in affected breeds, their crosses, unrelated pure breeds and mongrels are reported for the state of Israel (n = 1416 dogs). The Israeli data were compared with reports from the US, Europe, UK, Australia and Japan. Results The allelic frequencies of nt230(del4) MDR1 mutation in Israel for Australian, Swiss and German Shepherds (31%, 17% and 2.4%, respectively) are similar to the corresponding frequencies worldwide, much higher for Border Collies (4.8%), twice lower for Rough Collies (28%, compared to 55% or more elsewhere), and ~1% for mongrels. The frequencies for crosses of Australian Shepherd and Border Collies in Israel are 4 and 1.6 times lower, respectively, compared to the frequencies for the respective pure breeds. Conclusions This work, that for the first time presents the frequency of nt230(del4) MDR1 mutation in Israel, along with a worldwide survey, has implications for clinicians, owners and breeders of sheepdogs and their crosses and supports the need for extra care in treatment and in future breeding. Of note, the relative proportion of affected breeds, in the overall tested dogs, might be higher than their actual proportion in Israel due to directed samples collection by veterinarians for clinical purposes, as these are mainly limited to certain affected breeds or dogs that resemble them. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-017-1251-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaron Dekel
- Shamir Research Institute, University of Haifa, P.O.Box 97, 1290000, Kazerin, Israel. .,Zefat Academic College, Zefat, Israel. .,GGA - Galil Genetic Analysis Ltd, P.O.Box 3664, 12900, Kazerin, Israel.
| | - Yossy Machluf
- Specialist in the Fields of Genetics, Epidemiology and Molecular Biology, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Aviad Stoler
- GGA - Galil Genetic Analysis Ltd, P.O.Box 3664, 12900, Kazerin, Israel
| | - Arava Aderet
- GGA - Galil Genetic Analysis Ltd, P.O.Box 3664, 12900, Kazerin, Israel
| | - Daniel Baumel
- GGA - Galil Genetic Analysis Ltd, P.O.Box 3664, 12900, Kazerin, Israel
| | - Efrat Kellerman
- GGA - Galil Genetic Analysis Ltd, P.O.Box 3664, 12900, Kazerin, Israel
| | - Yoram Plotsky
- GGA - Galil Genetic Analysis Ltd, P.O.Box 3664, 12900, Kazerin, Israel
| | - Oshrat Noked Partouche
- Shamir Research Institute, University of Haifa, P.O.Box 97, 1290000, Kazerin, Israel.,Tel Hai College, 12210, Tel-Hai, Israel
| | - Gal Elhalal
- Vetmarket Ltd. Industrial Park Hevel Modiin, P.O.Box 960, 6085001, Shoham, Israel
| | - Izhar Ben-Shlomo
- Zefat Academic College, Zefat, Israel.,Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar-Ilan University & Baruch Padeh Medical Center, Poria, Israel
| | - Dani Bercovich
- Tel Hai College, 12210, Tel-Hai, Israel.,GGA - Galil Genetic Analysis Ltd, P.O.Box 3664, 12900, Kazerin, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Stiedl CP, Weber K. Fast and simple detection methods for the 4-base pair deletion of canine MDR1/ ABCB1 gene by PCR and isothermal amplification. J Vet Diagn Invest 2017; 29:176-180. [PMID: 28061549 DOI: 10.1177/1040638716683213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dogs with a 4-bp deletion in the MDR1 (or ABCB1) gene show intolerance to certain drugs routinely used in veterinary medicine, such as ivermectin, vincristine, and doxorubicin. The mutation leads to a dysfunctional P-glycoprotein drug transporter, which results in drug accumulation in the brain and severe neurotoxicity. A rapid and accurate in-house test to determine the genotype of patients in cases of acute neurotoxic signs or in tumor patients is desirable. We describe a cost-effective detection method with simple technical equipment for veterinary practice. Two allele-specific methods are presented, which allow discrimination of all genotypes, require little hands-on time, and show the results within ~1 h after DNA sampling. DNA from buccal swabs of 115 dogs with known genotype (no mutation, n = 54; heterozygous for the mutation, n = 37; homozygous for the mutation, n = 24) was extracted either by using a column-based extraction kit or by heating swabs in a simple NaOH-Tris buffer. Amplification was performed either by allele-specific fast polymerase chain reaction or by allele-specific loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). Analysis was done either on agarose gels, by simple endpoint visualization using ultraviolet light, or by measuring the increase of fluorescence and time to threshold crossing. Commercial master mixes reduced the preparation time and minimized sources of error in both methods. Both methods allowed the discrimination of all 3 genotypes, and the results of the new methods matched the results of the previous genotyping. The presented methods could be used for fast individual MDR1/ ABCB1 genotyping with less equipment than existing methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cathrin P Stiedl
- Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Karin Weber
- Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Firdova Z, Turnova E, Bielikova M, Turna J, Dudas A. The prevalence of ABCB1:c.227_230delATAG mutation in affected dog breeds from European countries. Res Vet Sci 2016; 106:89-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2016.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/28/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
12
|
Myers MJ, Martinez M, Li H, Qiu J, Troutman L, Sharkey M, Yancy HF. Influence of ABCB1 Genotype in Collies on the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Loperamide in a Dose-Escalation Study. Drug Metab Dispos 2015; 43:1392-407. [DOI: 10.1124/dmd.115.063735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
13
|
Safety of fluralaner, a novel systemic antiparasitic drug, in MDR1(-/-) Collies after oral administration. Parasit Vectors 2014; 7:86. [PMID: 24602342 PMCID: PMC3975640 DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-7-86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fluralaner is a novel systemic ectoparasiticide for dogs providing long-acting flea- and tick-control after a single oral dose. This study investigated the safety of oral administration of fluralaner at 3 times the highest expected clinical dose to Multi Drug Resistance Protein 1 (MDR1(-/-)) gene defect Collies. Methods Sixteen Collies homozygous for the MDR1 deletion mutation were included in the study. Eight Collies received fluralaner chewable tablets once at a dose of 168 mg/kg; eight sham dosed Collies served as controls. All Collies were clinically observed until 28 days following treatment. Results No adverse events were observed subsequent to fluralaner treatment of MDR1(-/-) Collies at three times the highest expected clinical dose. Conclusions Fluralaner chewable tablets are well tolerated in MDR1(-/-) Collies following oral administration.
Collapse
|
14
|
Animal Health Markets and Opportunities: Companion Animal Landscape. ADVANCES IN DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4614-4439-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
|
15
|
Swain MD, Orzechowski KL, Swaim HL, Jones YL, Robl MG, Tinaza CA, Myers MJ, Jhingory MV, Buckely LE, Lancaster VA, Yancy HF. P-gp substrate-induced neurotoxicity in an Abcb1a knock-in/Abcb1b knock-out mouse model with a mutated canine ABCB1 targeted insertion. Res Vet Sci 2012. [PMID: 23186803 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2012.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Certain dog breeds, especially Collies, are observed to exhibit neurotoxicity to avermectin drugs, which are P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrates. This neurotoxicity is due to an ABCB1 gene mutation (ABCB1-1Δ) that results in non-functional P-gp expression. A developed Abcb1a knock-in/Abcb1b knock-out mouse model expressing the ABCB1-1Δ canine gene was previously reported and mice exhibited sensitivity upon ivermectin administration. Here, model and wild-type mice were administered P-gp substrates doramectin, moxidectin, and digoxin. While knock-in/knock-out mice exhibited ataxia, lethargy and tremor, wild-type mice remained unaffected. In addition, no neurotoxic clinical signs were observed in either mouse type administered domperidone, a P-gp substrate with no reported neurotoxicity in ABCB1-1Δ Collies. Overall, neurotoxic signs displayed by model mice closely paralleled those observed in ivermectin-sensitive Collies. This model can be used to identify toxic P-gp substrates with altered safety in dog populations and may reduce dog use in safety studies that are part of the drug approval process.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B/physiology
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/drug effects
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1/genetics
- Animals
- Anti-Infective Agents/toxicity
- Brain/drug effects
- Digoxin/toxicity
- Disease Models, Animal
- Dog Diseases/chemically induced
- Dog Diseases/drug therapy
- Dogs
- Domperidone/toxicity
- Female
- Ivermectin/analogs & derivatives
- Ivermectin/toxicity
- Macrolides/toxicity
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Mutagenesis, Insertional/genetics
- Mutagenesis, Insertional/methods
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M D Swain
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Veterinary Medicine, Office of Research, 8401 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708, United States.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ménez C, Sutra JF, Prichard R, Lespine A. Relative neurotoxicity of ivermectin and moxidectin in Mdr1ab (-/-) mice and effects on mammalian GABA(A) channel activity. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2012; 6:e1883. [PMID: 23133688 PMCID: PMC3486876 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The anthelmintics ivermectin (IVM) and moxidectin (MOX) display differences in toxicity in several host species. Entrance into the brain is restricted by the P-glycoprotein (P-gp) efflux transporter, while toxicity is mediated through the brain GABA(A) receptors. This study compared the toxicity of IVM and MOX in vivo and their interaction with GABA(A) receptors in vitro. Drug toxicity was assessed in Mdr1ab(−/−) mice P-gp-deficient after subcutaneous administration of increasing doses (0.11–2.0 and 0.23–12.9 µmol/kg for IVM and MOX in P-gp-deficient mice and half lethal doses (LD50) in wild-type mice). Survival was evaluated over 14-days. In Mdr1ab(−/−) mice, LD50 was 0.46 and 2.3 µmol/kg for IVM and MOX, respectively, demonstrating that MOX was less toxic than IVM. In P-gp-deficient mice, MOX had a lower brain-to-plasma concentration ratio and entered into the brain more slowly than IVM. The brain sublethal drug concentrations determined after administration of doses close to LD50 were, in Mdr1ab(−/−) and wild-type mice, respectively, 270 and 210 pmol/g for IVM and 830 and 740–1380 pmol/g for MOX, indicating that higher brain concentrations are required for MOX toxicity than IVM. In rat α1β2γ2 GABA channels expressed in Xenopus oocytes, IVM and MOX were both allosteric activators of the GABA-induced response. The Hill coefficient was 1.52±0.45 for IVM and 0.34±0.56 for MOX (p<0.001), while the maximum potentiation caused by IVM and MOX relative to GABA alone was 413.7±66.1 and 257.4±40.6%, respectively (p<0.05), showing that IVM causes a greater potentiation of GABA action on this receptor. Differences in the accumulation of IVM and MOX in the brain and in the interaction of IVM and MOX with GABA(A) receptors account for differences in neurotoxicity seen in intact and Mdr1-deficient animals. These differences in neurotoxicity of IVM and MOX are important in considering their use in humans. Ivermectin (IVM) is used for onchocerciasis mass drug administration and is important for control of lymphatic filariasis, strongyloidiases and Scarcoptes mange in humans. It is widely used for parasite control in livestock. Moxidectin (MOX) is being evaluated against Onchocerca volvulus in humans and is also widely used in veterinary medicine. Both anthelmintics are macrocyclic lactones (MLs) that act on ligand-gated chloride channels and share similar spectra of activity. Nevertheless, there are marked differences in their pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and toxicity. Usually, both MLs are remarkably safe drugs. However, there are reports of severe adverse events to IVM, in some humans with high Loa loa burdens, and IVM can be neurotoxic in animals with defects in P-glycoproteins (P-gp) in the blood-brain barrier. We have compared the in vivo neurotoxicity of IVM and MOX in P-gp-deficient mice and their accumulation in brain. We also investigated their effects on mammalian GABA receptors. We show that MOX has a wider margin of safety than IVM, even when the blood-brain barrier function is impaired, and that the neurotoxicity in vivo is related to different effects of the drugs on GABA-gated channels. These observations contribute to understanding ML toxicity and open new perspectives for possible MOX use in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cécile Ménez
- INRA, UMR1331, Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, INP, UMR1331, Toxalim, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-François Sutra
- INRA, UMR1331, Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, INP, UMR1331, Toxalim, Toulouse, France
| | - Roger Prichard
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Anne Lespine
- INRA, UMR1331, Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, Toulouse, France
- Université de Toulouse, INP, UMR1331, Toxalim, Toulouse, France
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
JANKO C, GEYER J. Moxidectin has a lower neurotoxic potential but comparable brain penetration in P-glycoprotein-deficient CF-1 mice compared to ivermectin. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2012; 36:275-84. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2012.01424.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
18
|
Tappin SW, Goodfellow MR, Peters IR, Day MJ, Hall EJ, Mealey KL. Frequency of the mutant MDR1
allele in dogs in the UK. Vet Rec 2012; 171:72. [DOI: 10.1136/vr.100633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. W. Tappin
- School of Veterinary Sciences; University of Bristol; Langford North Somerset BS40 5DU UK
| | - M. R. Goodfellow
- School of Veterinary Sciences; University of Bristol; Langford North Somerset BS40 5DU UK
| | - I. R. Peters
- School of Veterinary Sciences; University of Bristol; Langford North Somerset BS40 5DU UK
| | - M. J. Day
- School of Veterinary Sciences; University of Bristol; Langford North Somerset BS40 5DU UK
| | - E. J. Hall
- School of Veterinary Sciences; University of Bristol; Langford North Somerset BS40 5DU UK
| | - K. L. Mealey
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; Washington State University; Pullman WA 99164 USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Geyer J, Janko C. Treatment of MDR1 mutant dogs with macrocyclic lactones. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2012; 13:969-86. [PMID: 22039792 PMCID: PMC3419875 DOI: 10.2174/138920112800399301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2010] [Accepted: 11/06/2010] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
P-glycoprotein, encoded by the multidrug resistance gene MDR1, is an ATP-driven drug efflux pump which is highly expressed at the blood-brain barrier of vertebrates. Drug efflux of macrocyclic lactones by P-glycoprotein is highly relevant for the therapeutic safety of macrocyclic lactones, as thereby GABA-gated chloride channels, which are confined to the central nervous system in vertebrates, are protected from high drug concentrations that otherwise would induce neurological toxicity. A 4-bp deletion mutation exists in the MDR1 gene of many dog breeds such as the Collie and the Australian Shepherd, which results in the expression of a non-functional P-glycoprotein and is associated with multiple drug sensitivity. Accordingly, dogs with homozygous MDR1 mutation are in general prone to neurotoxicity by macrocyclic lactones due to their increased brain penetration. Nevertheless, treatment of these dogs with macrocyclic lactones does not inevitably result in neurological symptoms, since, the safety of treatment highly depends on the treatment indication, dosage, route of application, and the individual compound used as outlined in this review. Whereas all available macrocyclic lactones can safely be administered to MDR1 mutant dogs at doses usually used for heartworm prevention, these dogs will experience neurological toxicity following a high dose regimen which is common for mange treatment in dogs. Here, we review and discuss the neurotoxicological potential of different macrocyclic lactones as well as their treatment options in MDR1 mutant dogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Geyer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Frankfurter Str. 107, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Prichard R, Ménez C, Lespine A. Moxidectin and the avermectins: Consanguinity but not identity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY-DRUGS AND DRUG RESISTANCE 2012; 2:134-53. [PMID: 24533275 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpddr.2012.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2012] [Revised: 03/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The avermectins and milbemycins contain a common macrocyclic lactone (ML) ring, but are fermentation products of different organisms. The principal structural difference is that avermectins have sugar groups at C13 of the macrocyclic ring, whereas the milbemycins are protonated at C13. Moxidectin (MOX), belonging to the milbemycin family, has other differences, including a methoxime at C23. The avermectins and MOX have broad-spectrum activity against nematodes and arthropods. They have similar but not identical, spectral ranges of activity and some avermectins and MOX have diverse formulations for great user flexibility. The longer half-life of MOX and its safety profile, allow MOX to be used in long-acting formulations. Some important differences between MOX and avermectins in interaction with various invertebrate ligand-gated ion channels are known and could be the basis of different efficacy and safety profiles. Modelling of IVM interaction with glutamate-gated ion channels suggest different interactions will occur with MOX. Similarly, profound differences between MOX and the avermectins are seen in interactions with ABC transporters in mammals and nematodes. These differences are important for pharmacokinetics, toxicity in animals with defective transporter expression, and probable mechanisms of resistance. Resistance to the avermectins has become widespread in parasites of some hosts and MOX resistance also exists and is increasing. There is some degree of cross-resistance between the avermectins and MOX, but avermectin resistance and MOX resistance are not identical. In many cases when resistance to avermectins is noticed, MOX produces a higher efficacy and quite often is fully effective at recommended dose rates. These similarities and differences should be appreciated for optimal decisions about parasite control, delaying, managing or reversing resistances, and also for appropriate anthelmintic combination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roger Prichard
- Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Cécile Ménez
- INRA, UMR 1331, Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, F-31027 Toulouse, France ; Université de Toulouse, INP, UMR 1331, Toxalim, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Lespine
- INRA, UMR 1331, Toxalim, Research Centre in Food Toxicology, F-31027 Toulouse, France ; Université de Toulouse, INP, UMR 1331, Toxalim, F-31000 Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Mizukami K, Chang HS, Yabuki A, Kawamichi T, Hossain MA, Rahman MM, Uddin MM, Yamato O. Rapid genotyping assays for the 4–base pair deletion of canine MDR1/ABCB1 gene and low frequency of the mutant allele in Border Collie dogs. J Vet Diagn Invest 2011; 24:127-34. [DOI: 10.1177/1040638711425591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
P-glycoprotein, encoded by the MDR1 or ABCB1 gene, is an integral component of the blood–brain barrier as an efflux pump for xenobiotics crucial in limiting drug uptake into the central nervous system. Dogs homozygous for a 4–base pair deletion of the canine MDR1 gene show altered expression or function of P-glycoprotein, resulting in neurotoxicosis after administration of the substrate drugs. In the present study, the usefulness of microchip electrophoresis for genotyping assays detecting this deletion mutation was evaluated. Mutagenically separated polymerase chain reaction (MS-PCR) and real-time PCR assays were newly developed and evaluated. Furthermore, a genotyping survey was carried out in a population of Border Collies dogs in Japan to determine the allele frequency in this breed. Microchip electrophoresis showed advantages in detection sensitivity and time saving over other modes of electrophoresis. The MS-PCR assay clearly discriminated all genotypes. Real-time PCR assay was most suitable for a large-scale survey due to its high throughput and rapidity. The genotyping survey demonstrated that the carrier and mutant allele frequencies were 0.49% and 0.25%, respectively, suggesting that the mutant allele frequency in Border Collies is markedly low compared to that in the susceptible dog breeds such as rough and smooth Collies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keijiro Mizukami
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan (Mizukami, Chang, Yabuki, Hossain, Rahman, Uddin, Yamato)
- Japan Border Collie Health Network, Kobe, Japan (Kawamichi)
| | - Hye-Sook Chang
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan (Mizukami, Chang, Yabuki, Hossain, Rahman, Uddin, Yamato)
- Japan Border Collie Health Network, Kobe, Japan (Kawamichi)
| | - Akira Yabuki
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan (Mizukami, Chang, Yabuki, Hossain, Rahman, Uddin, Yamato)
- Japan Border Collie Health Network, Kobe, Japan (Kawamichi)
| | - Takuji Kawamichi
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan (Mizukami, Chang, Yabuki, Hossain, Rahman, Uddin, Yamato)
- Japan Border Collie Health Network, Kobe, Japan (Kawamichi)
| | - Mohammad A. Hossain
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan (Mizukami, Chang, Yabuki, Hossain, Rahman, Uddin, Yamato)
- Japan Border Collie Health Network, Kobe, Japan (Kawamichi)
| | - Mohammad M. Rahman
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan (Mizukami, Chang, Yabuki, Hossain, Rahman, Uddin, Yamato)
- Japan Border Collie Health Network, Kobe, Japan (Kawamichi)
| | - Mohammad M. Uddin
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan (Mizukami, Chang, Yabuki, Hossain, Rahman, Uddin, Yamato)
- Japan Border Collie Health Network, Kobe, Japan (Kawamichi)
| | - Osamu Yamato
- Laboratory of Clinical Pathology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan (Mizukami, Chang, Yabuki, Hossain, Rahman, Uddin, Yamato)
- Japan Border Collie Health Network, Kobe, Japan (Kawamichi)
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Evaluation of CAG repeat length of androgen receptor expressing cells in human testes showing different pictures of spermatogenic impairment. Histochem Cell Biol 2011; 136:689-97. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-011-0871-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
23
|
Understanding the impact of P-glycoprotein mutation on canine health. Vet J 2011; 190:13-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Accepted: 10/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
24
|
Gramer I, Leidolf R, Döring B, Klintzsch S, Krämer EM, Yalcin E, Petzinger E, Geyer J. Breed distribution of the nt230(del4) MDR1 mutation in dogs. Vet J 2011; 189:67-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2010.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2010] [Revised: 06/11/2010] [Accepted: 06/21/2010] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
25
|
P-glycoprotein is functionally expressed in the placenta-derived bovine caruncular epithelial cell line 1 (BCEC-1). Placenta 2011; 32:146-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2010.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2010] [Revised: 11/09/2010] [Accepted: 11/10/2010] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
26
|
ARETZ JS, GEYER J. Detection of the CYP1A2 1117C > T polymorphism in 14 dog breeds. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2011; 34:98-100. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2010.01222.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
27
|
Sun YJ, Long DX, Li W, Hou WY, Wu YJ, Shen JZ. Effects of avermectins on neurite outgrowth in differentiating mouse neuroblastoma N2a cells. Toxicol Lett 2010; 192:206-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2009.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2009] [Revised: 09/29/2009] [Accepted: 10/20/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
28
|
Klintzsch S, Meerkamp K, Döring B, Geyer J. Detection of the nt230[del4] MDR1 mutation in dogs by a fluorogenic 5' nuclease TaqMan allelic discrimination method. Vet J 2009; 185:272-7. [PMID: 19733104 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2009.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2009] [Revised: 07/21/2009] [Accepted: 07/26/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
For detection of the nt230[del4] MDR1 mutation, a 4-bp deletion in the canine MDR1 (ABCB1) gene, a TaqMan allelic discrimination assay was designed that allows for MDR1 genotyping without post-PCR processing. Directly after completion of the PCR amplification, the MDR1 genotype can be assigned based on selective fluorescence measurement. For primer selection the locus of a potential 265A>G single nucleotide polymorphism was omitted; this locus is covered by the oligonucleotide PCR primers from most of the hitherto established MDR1 genotyping methods. Dogs homozygous for the nt230[del4] MDR1 mutation show highly increased susceptibility to many drugs commonly used in veterinary medicine including ivermectin. As more than 10 dog breeds are predisposed to this mutation, reliable genotyping methods are necessary to identify affected dogs before drug treatment. This study provides a new allelic discrimination method that detects the MDR1 mutation with high specificity and reliability and is useful for routine diagnostics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Klintzsch
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Geyer J, Gavrilova O, Petzinger E. Brain penetration of ivermectin and selamectin in mdr1a,b P-glycoprotein- and bcrp- deficient knockout mice. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2009; 32:87-96. [PMID: 19161460 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2008.01007.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
P-glycoprotein, which is encoded by the multi-drug resistance gene (MDR1), highly restricts the entry of ivermectin into the brain by an ATP-driven efflux mechanism at the blood-brain barrier. In dogs with a homozygous MDR1 mutation though, ivermectin accumulates in the brain and provokes severe signs of neurotoxicosis and even death. In contrast to ivermectin, selamectin is safer in the treatment of MDR1 mutant dogs, suggesting that selamectin is transported differently by P-glycoprotein across the blood-brain barrier. To test this, we applied selamectin to mdr1-deficient mdr1a,b(-/-) knockout mice and wild-type mice. Brain penetration, organ distribution, and plasma kinetics were analyzed after intravenous, oral, and dermal spot-on application in comparison with ivermectin. We found that in vivo both macrocyclic lactone compounds are substrates of P-glycoprotein and that these strongly accumulate in the brain of mdr1a,b(-/-) knockout mice compared with wild-type mice at therapeutic doses of 12 mg/kg selamectin and 0.2 mg/kg ivermectin. However, selamectin accumulates to a much lesser degree (5-10 times) than ivermectin (36-60 times) in the absence of P-glycoprotein. This could explain the broader margin of safety of selamectin in MDR1 mutant dogs. In liver, kidney, and testes, ivermectin and selamectin accumulated less than four times as much in mdr1a,b mutant mice as in wild-type mice. Breast cancer resistance protein (Bcrp)-deficient bcrp(-/-) knockout mice were also included in the application studies, but showed no differences in brain concentrations or organ distribution of either ivermectin or selamectin compared with wild-type mice. This indicates that Bcrp is not a relevant efflux carrier for these macrocyclic lactone compounds in vivo at the blood-brain barrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Geyer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Justus Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Baars C, Leeb T, von Klopmann T, Tipold A, Potschka H. Allele-specific polymerase chain reaction diagnostic test for the functional MDR1 polymorphism in dogs. Vet J 2008; 177:394-7. [PMID: 17644437 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2007.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2007] [Revised: 05/18/2007] [Accepted: 05/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The major multidrug transporter P-glycoprotein (Pgp) contributes to the barrier function of several tissues and organs, including the brain. In a subpopulation of Collies and seven further dog breeds, a 4 base pair deletion has been described in the Pgp-encoding MDR1 gene. This deletion results in the absence of a functional form of Pgp and loss of its protective function. Severe intoxication with the Pgp substrate ivermectin has been attributed to the genetically determined lack of Pgp. An allele-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based screening method has been developed to detect the mutant allele and to determine if a dog is homozygous or heterozygous for the mutation. Based on this validation, the allele-specific PCR proved to be a robust, reproducible and specific tool, allowing rapid determination of the MDR1 genotype of dogs of at risk breeds using blood samples or buccal swabs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cordula Baars
- Institute of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Pharmacy, Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Implications of ABC transporters on the disposition of typical veterinary medicinal products. Eur J Pharmacol 2008; 585:510-9. [PMID: 18417119 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2008.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2008] [Revised: 02/21/2008] [Accepted: 03/03/2008] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) transporters ABCB1, ABCC2 and ABCG2 are efflux transporters that facilitate the excretion of drugs, contribute to the function of biological barriers and maintain low cytoplasmic substrate concentrations in cells. ABC transporters modulate drug absorption, distribution and elimination according to the level of expression in the intestine, liver, kidney, and at biological barriers such as the blood-brain barrier. Moreover individual transporters are known to convey multi-drug resistance to tumour cells. While these diverse functions have been described in laboratory animal studies and in humans, the available information is very limited in animal species that are typical veterinary patients. This brief review summarizes the available data on organ distribution and expression levels in animals, genetic defects in dogs resulting in a non-functional P-gp expression, and describes examples of kinetic investigations directed to assess the clinical relevance of species differences in ABC-transporter expression.
Collapse
|
32
|
Gallagher AE, Grant DC, Noftsinger MN. Coma and respiratory failure due to moxidectin intoxication in a dog. J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2008. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-4431.2007.00248.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
33
|
Fecht S, Wöhlke A, Hamann H, Distl O. Analysis of the Canine mdr1?1? Mutation in the Dog Breed Elo. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 54:401-5. [PMID: 17877579 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0442.2007.00966.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A deletion mutation in the canine multidrug resistance gene, MDR1, is associated with drug sensitivity. This was shown for several purebred dog breeds from the Collie lineage such as the Collie (rough-coated and smooth-coated), the Australian Shepherd and the Old English sheepdog. To determine whether the mdr1-1Delta mutation could be found in the newly bred German dog breed Elo which is based amongst other breeds on Old English sheepdogs, 177 blood samples representative for the Elo breed were collected. After DNA extraction, a polymerase chain reaction-based method with subsequent polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used for detection of the mdr1-1Delta mutation. The mdr1-1Delta allele was not observed in the Elos investigated. The probability that the mdr1-1Delta allele originated in the Old English sheepdog breed is segregating in the Elo population was estimated at 3.68 x 10(-17).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Fecht
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Bünteweg 17p, 30559 Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Geyer J, Klintzsch S, Meerkamp K, Wöhlke A, Distl O, Moritz A, Petzinger E. Detection of the nt230(del4) MDR1 mutation in White Swiss Shepherd dogs: case reports of doramectin toxicosis, breed predisposition, and microsatellite analysis. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2007; 30:482-5. [PMID: 17803743 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2007.00885.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Geyer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Lespine A, Martin S, Dupuy J, Roulet A, Pineau T, Orlowski S, Alvinerie M. Interaction of macrocyclic lactones with P-glycoprotein: Structure–affinity relationship. Eur J Pharm Sci 2007; 30:84-94. [PMID: 17134887 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2006.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2006] [Revised: 10/09/2006] [Accepted: 10/20/2006] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
P-glycoprotein (P-gp) is involved in the ATP-dependant cellular efflux of a large number of drugs including ivermectin, a macrocyclic lactone (ML) endectocide, widely used in livestock and human antiparasitic therapy. The interactions of P-gp with ivermectin and other MLs were studied. In a first approach, the ability of ivermectin (IVM), eprinomectin (EPR), abamectin (ABA), doramectin (DOR), selamectin (SEL), or moxidectin (MOX) to inhibit the rhodamine123 efflux was measured in recombinant cells overexpressing P-gp. Then, the influence of these compounds on the P-gp ATPase activity was tested on membrane vesicles prepared from fibroblasts overexpressing P-gp. All the MLs tested increased the intracellular rhodamine123. However, the potency of MOX to inhibit P-gp function was 10 times lower than the other MLs. They all inhibited the basal and decreased the verapamil-stimulated P-gp ATPase activity. But SEL and MOX were less potent than the other MLs when competing with verapamil. According to the structural specificity of SEL and MOX, we conclude that the integrity of the sugar moiety is determinant to achieve the optimal interaction of macrocyclic lactones with P-gp. The structure-affinity relationship for interaction with P-gp is important information for improving ML bioavailability and reversal of multidrug resistance (MDR).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Lespine
- INRA-UR66, Laboratoire de Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, BP 3, 31931 Toulouse Cedex 9, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Snowden NJ, Helyar CV, Platt SR, Penderis J. Clinical presentation and management of moxidectin toxicity in two dogs. J Small Anim Pract 2006; 47:620-4. [PMID: 17004957 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-5827.2006.00081.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Moxidectin is a macrocyclic lactone related to ivermectin used in horses and dogs for endoparasite treatment and prophylaxis. The clinical and neurological presentation of moxidectin toxicity in two dogs following inadvertent poisoning with a moxidectin-containing equine de-worming medication is reported here. In both the dogs, the predominant clinical signs were generalised tremors and ataxia. Moxidectin exerts its neurotoxic effects in mammals by potentiating the effect of gamma-aminobutyric acid and, consistent with this, both the dogs demonstrated a poor response to treatment with diazepam. It would be more appropriate to avoid gamma-aminobutyric acid agonists, such as benzodiazepines and barbiturates, in dogs with moxidectin toxicity and consider using anaesthetic agents with a different mode of action, such as propofol. The prognosis in dogs accidentally exposed to moxidectin-containing equine de-worming medication appears to be excellent if the cause of the neurotoxicity is correctly identified and the case is appropriately managed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N J Snowden
- Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket CB8 7UU
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Dupuy J, Lespine A, Sutra JF, Alvinerie M. The interaction between moxidectin and MDR transporters in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2006; 29:107-11. [PMID: 16515664 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2006.00721.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of moxidectin (a macrocyclic lactone, ML) with P-glycoprotein (P-gp), multidrug resistance associated proteins (MRPs) and breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP) was studied in primary cultures of rat hepatocytes by measuring the intracellular accumulation of [14C]-moxidectin over 72 h in the presence of specific inhibitors: for P-gp, verapamil (10 microM); for MRPs, MK571 (100 microM), indomethacin (10 microM) and probenecid (3.8 mM); and for BCRP, fumitremorgin C (5 microM). The P-gp and MRP inhibitors increased significantly (P < 0.01) by 48.7%, 49.8%, 49.9% and 57.2% the area under the time-intracellular concentration curve (AUC) of moxidectin in rat hepatocytes, while the BCRP inhibitor, fumitremorgin C, had no effect on the AUC compared with the control. In addition, the mRNAs of all the drug transporters studied were detected in rat hepatocytes from 0 to 72 h. Using this cellular model it has been shown that MRP inhibitors increase moxidectin intracellular concentrations to a similar extent as the P-gp inhibitor. The identification of all the transporters that interact with MLs remains a challenge, which currently concerns several important therapeutic fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Dupuy
- Laboratoire de Pharmacologie-Toxicologie, INRA, BP 3, Toulouse, France.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Petzinger E, Geyer J. Drug transporters in pharmacokinetics. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2006; 372:465-75. [PMID: 16532306 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-006-0042-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2005] [Accepted: 01/30/2006] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This review deals with the drug transporters allowing drugs to enter and leave cells by carrier-mediated pathways. Emphasis is put on liver transporters but systems in gut, kidney, and blood-brain barrier are mentioned as well. Drug-drug interactions on carriers may provoke significant modification in pharmacokinetics as do carrier gene polymorphisms yielding functional carrier protein mutations. An integrated phase concept should reflect the interplay between drug metabolism and drug transport.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ernst Petzinger
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Frankfurter Str. 107, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Geyer J, Döring B, Godoy JR, Leidolf R, Moritz A, Petzinger E. Frequency of the nt230 (del4) MDR1 mutation in Collies and related dog breeds in Germany. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2005; 28:545-51. [PMID: 16343287 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2885.2005.00692.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
MDR1 (ABCB1) P-glycoprotein exerts a protective function in the blood-brain barrier thereby limiting the entry of many drugs and other xenobiotics to the central nervous system. A nonsense mutation has been described for Collies and related dog breeds which abolishes this function and is associated with increased susceptibility to neurotoxic side effects of several drugs including ivermectin, moxidectin and loperamide. In order to evaluate the occurrence and frequency of this nt230 (del4) MDR1 mutation in Germany, we screened 1500 dogs. Frequency of the homozygous mutated genotype was highest for Collies (33.0%), followed by Australian Shepherd (6.9%) and Shetland Sheepdog (5.7%). Thirty-seven percent of the Wäller dogs and 12.5% of the Old English Sheepdogs were heterozygous for the mutant MDR1 (-) allele. Considering the predominant role of MDR1 P-glycoprotein in drug disposition and in particular for blood-brain barrier protection, MDR1 genotype-based breeding programs are recommended for improving the safety of drug therapy in these canine breeds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Geyer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Abstract
The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) superfamily consists of membrane proteins that transport a wide variety of substrates across membranes. Mutations in ABC transporters cause or contribute to a number of different Mendelian disorders, including adrenoleukodystrophy, cystic fibrosis, retinal degeneration, cholesterol, and bile transport defects. In addition, the genes are involved in an increasing number of complex disorders. The proteins play essential roles in the protection of organisms from toxic metabolites and compounds in the diet and are involved in the transport of compounds across the intestine, blood-brain barrier, and the placenta. There are 48 ABC genes in the human genome divided into seven subfamilies based in gene structure, amino acid alignment, and phylogenetic analysis. These seven subfamilies are found in all other sequenced eukaryotic genomes and are of ancient origin. Further characterization of all ABC genes from humans and model organisms will lead to additional insights into normal physiology and human disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dean
- Human Genetics Section, Laboratory of Genomic Diversity, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| |
Collapse
|