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Silva-Neto A, Fonseca COD, Silva LM, Coelho PMZ, Fortes-Dias CL. Interaction of Biomphalaria cells in primary cultures with Schistosoma mansoni sporocysts. Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2020; 53:e20200257. [PMID: 33174957 PMCID: PMC7670744 DOI: 10.1590/0037-8682-0257-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Biomphalaria snails may display varying levels of
susceptibility to Schistosoma mansoni infection. We have
been developing an in vitro model to study the interaction
between the snail and the parasite, using tissue-derived cell cultures from
Biomphalaria. METHODS: The digestive gland- and kidney-derived cells from primary cultures of
resistant (B. tenagophila Taim) and susceptible (B.
tenagophila HM and B. glabrata BH) strains of
Biomphalaria were exposed to S.
mansoni sporocysts. RESULTS: S. mansoni sporocysts were surrounded and encapsulated
exclusively by cells derived from the digestive gland (DG) of B.
tenagophila Taim. The process was followed by a marked decrease
in the number of free sporocysts in the culture medium. The morphological
characteristics of DG-derived cells in culture have been described. CONCLUSIONS: Cells derived from DG (but not SK) primary cultures of B.
tenagophila Taim may participate in S. mansoni
sporocyst control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aristeu Silva-Neto
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto René Rachou, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.,Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Diretoria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Cristhiane Oliveira da Fonseca
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto René Rachou, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.,Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Diretoria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Luciana Maria Silva
- Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Diretoria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
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2
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Coelho FS, Rodpai R, Miller A, Karinshak SE, Mann VH, dos Santos Carvalho O, Caldeira RL, de Moraes Mourão M, Brindley PJ, Ittiprasert W. Diminished adherence of Biomphalaria glabrata embryonic cell line to sporocysts of Schistosoma mansoni following programmed knockout of the allograft inflammatory factor. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:511. [PMID: 33050923 PMCID: PMC7552541 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04384-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Larval development in an intermediate host gastropod snail of the genus Biomphalaria is an obligatory component of the life-cycle of Schistosoma mansoni. Understanding of the mechanism(s) of host defense may hasten the development of tools that block transmission of schistosomiasis. The allograft inflammatory factor 1, AIF, which is evolutionarily conserved and expressed in phagocytes, is a marker of macrophage activation in both mammals and invertebrates. AIF enhances cell proliferation and migration. The embryonic cell line, termed Bge, from Biomphalaria glabrata is a versatile resource for investigation of the snail-schistosome relationship since Bge exhibits a hemocyte-like phenotype. Hemocytes perform central roles in innate and cellular immunity in gastropods and in some cases can kill the parasite. However, the Bge cells do not kill the parasite in vitro. METHODS Bge cells were transfected by electroporation with plasmid pCas-BgAIFx4, encoding the Cas9 nuclease and a guide RNA specific for exon 4 of the B. glabrata AIF (BgAIF) gene. Transcript levels for Cas9 and for BgAIF were monitored by reverse-transcription-PCR and, in parallel, adhesion of gene-edited Bge cells during co-culture with of schistosome sporocysts was assessed. RESULTS Gene knockout manipulation induced gene-disrupting indels, frequently 1-2 bp insertions and/or 8-30 bp deletions, at the programmed target site; a range from 9 to 17% of the copies of the BgAIF gene in the Bge population of cells were mutated. Transcript levels for BgAIF were reduced by up to 73% (49.5 ± 20.2% SD, P ≤ 0.05, n = 12). Adherence by BgAIF gene-edited (ΔBgAIF) Bge to sporocysts diminished in comparison to wild type cells, although cell morphology did not change. Specifically, as scored by a semi-quantitative cell adherence index (CAI), fewer ΔBgAIF than control wild type cells adhered to sporocysts; control CAI, 2.66 ± 0.10, ΔBgAIF, 2.30 ± 0.22 (P ≤ 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The findings supported the hypothesis that BgAIF plays a role in the adherence of B. glabrata hemocytes to sporocysts during schistosome infection in vitro. This demonstration of the activity of programmed gene editing will enable functional genomics approaches using CRISPR/Cas9 to investigate additional components of the snail-schistosome host-parasite relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Sales Coelho
- Grupo de Pesquisa Em Helmintologia E Malacologia Médica, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Rutchanee Rodpai
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen province, Thailand
| | - André Miller
- Schistosomiasis Resource Center, Biomedical Research Institute, Rockville, MD USA
| | - Shannon E. Karinshak
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA
- Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Victoria H. Mann
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA
- Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Omar dos Santos Carvalho
- Grupo de Pesquisa Em Helmintologia E Malacologia Médica, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Roberta Lima Caldeira
- Grupo de Pesquisa Em Helmintologia E Malacologia Médica, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Marina de Moraes Mourão
- Grupo de Pesquisa Em Helmintologia E Malacologia Médica, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, MG Brazil
| | - Paul J. Brindley
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA
- Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Wannaporn Ittiprasert
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA
- Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA
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Pila EA, Sullivan JT, Wu XZ, Fang J, Rudko SP, Gordy MA, Hanington PC. Haematopoiesis in molluscs: A review of haemocyte development and function in gastropods, cephalopods and bivalves. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 58:119-28. [PMID: 26592965 PMCID: PMC4775334 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2015.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Haematopoiesis is a process that is responsible for generating sufficient numbers of blood cells in the circulation and in tissues. It is central to maintenance of homeostasis within an animal, and is critical for defense against infection. While haematopoiesis is common to all animals possessing a circulatory system, the specific mechanisms and ultimate products of haematopoietic events vary greatly. Our understanding of this process in non-vertebrate organisms is primarily derived from those species that serve as developmental and immunological models, with sparse investigations having been carried out in other organisms spanning the metazoa. As research into the regulation of immune and blood cell development advances, we have begun to gain insight into haematopoietic events in a wider array of animals, including the molluscs. What began in the early 1900's as observational studies on the morphological characteristics of circulating immune cells has now advanced to mechanistic investigations of the cytokines, growth factors, receptors, signalling pathways, and patterns of gene expression that regulate molluscan haemocyte development. Emerging is a picture of an incredible diversity of developmental processes and outcomes that parallels the biological diversity observed within the different classes of the phylum Mollusca. However, our understanding of haematopoiesis in molluscs stems primarily from the three most-studied classes, the Gastropoda, Cephalopoda and Bivalvia. While these represent perhaps the molluscs of greatest economic and medical importance, the fact that our information is limited to only 3 of the 9 extant classes in the phylum highlights the need for further investigation in this area. In this review, we summarize the existing literature that defines haematopoiesis and its products in gastropods, cephalopods and bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- E A Pila
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G2G7, Canada
| | - J T Sullivan
- Department of Biology, University of San Francisco, 2130 Fulton Street, San Francisco, CA, 94117, USA
| | - X Z Wu
- Ocean College, Qinzhou University, Qinzhou, 535099, Guangxi, PR China
| | - J Fang
- Ocean College, Qinzhou University, Qinzhou, 535099, Guangxi, PR China
| | - S P Rudko
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G2G7, Canada
| | - M A Gordy
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G2G7, Canada
| | - P C Hanington
- School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, T6G2G7, Canada.
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4
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Silva-Neto A, Silva LM, Alves LC, Brayner FA, Fortes-Dias CL, Coelho PMZ. Ultrastructural characterization of cells in primary cultures from different adult tissues of Biomphalaria tenagophila TAIM, a strain that is absolutely resistant to Schistosoma mansoni infection. Micron 2014; 67:37-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2014.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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5
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Marques DPDA, Rosa FM, Maciel E, Negrão-Corrêa D, Teles HMS, Caldeira RL, Jannotti-Passos LK, Coelho PMZ. Reduced susceptibility of a Biomphalaria tenagophila population to Schistosoma mansoni after introducing the resistant Taim/RS strain of B. tenagophila into Herivelton Martins stream. PLoS One 2014; 9:e99573. [PMID: 24941324 PMCID: PMC4062407 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0099573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies performed in the last 30 years demonstrated that a strain of B. tenagophila from the Taim Biological Reserve is completely resistant to Schistosoma mansoni infection. This resistance to parasite infection is a dominant characteristic during crossbreeding with susceptible B. tenagophila strains. These experiments also identified a 350 bp molecular marker that is exclusive to the Taim strain and does not occur in other geographic strains of this snail species. The Taim strain (Taim/RS) of Biomphalaria tenagophila was bred on a large scale, physically marked and introduced into a stream in which previous malacological analyses had revealed the presence of only parasite-susceptible B. tenagophila. Samples of offspring captured 4, 11 and 14 months after the introduction of the Taim strain were examined, and the susceptibility of the snails to S. mansoni infection dropped from 38.6-26.5% to 2.1% during the 14 months after the introduction of the Taim snail strain. A significant correlation was also observed between the absence of infection and the identification of the Taim molecular marker. These results demonstrate that the genetic marker from the Taim strain was successfully introduced into the wild snail population. In addition, a significant relationship exists between the marker and resistance to infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Florence Mara Rosa
- Laboratory of Parasitology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, São Pedro, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Deborah Negrão-Corrêa
- Laboratory of Schistosomiasis, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | - Roberta Lima Caldeira
- Laboratory of Helminthology and Medical Malacology, Research Center René Rachou/FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Paulo Marcos Zech Coelho
- Laboratory of Schistosomiasis, Research Center René Rachou/FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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6
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Rosa FM, Marques DPA, Maciel E, Couto JM, Negrão-Corrêa DA, Teles HMS, Santos JBD, Coelho PMZ. Breeding of Biomphalaria tenagophila in mass scale. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2013; 55:39-44. [PMID: 23328724 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652013000100007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Accepted: 07/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An efficient method for breeding Biomphalaria tenagophila (Taim lineage/RS) was developed over a 5-year-period (2005-2010). Special facilities were provided which consisted of four cement tanks (9.4 x 0.6 x 0.22 m), with their bottom covered with a layer of sterilized red earth and calcium carbonate. Standard measures were adopted, as follows: each tank should contain an average of 3000 specimens, and would be provided with a daily ration of 35,000 mg complemented with lettuce. A green-house effect heating system was developed which constituted of movable dark canvas covers, which allowed the temperature to be controlled between 20 - 24 ºC. This system was essential, especially during the coldest months of the year. Approximately 27,000 specimens with a diameter of 12 mm or more were produced during a 14-month-period. The mortality rates of the newly-hatched and adult snails were 77% and 37%, respectively. The follow-up of the development system related to 310 specimens of B. tenagophila demonstrated that 70-day-old snails reached an average of 17.0 ± 0.9 mm diameter. The mortality rates and the development performance of B. tenagophila snails can be considered as highly satisfactory, when compared with other results in literature related to works carried out with different species of the genus Biomphalaria, under controlled laboratory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Mara Rosa
- Laboratorio de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
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7
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Nacif-Pimenta R, de Mattos ACA, Orfanó ADS, Barbosa L, Pimenta PFP, Coelho PMZ. Schistosoma mansoni in susceptible and resistant snail strains Biomphalaria tenagophila: in vivo tissue response and in vitro hemocyte interactions. PLoS One 2012; 7:e45637. [PMID: 23049828 PMCID: PMC3458097 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0045637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 08/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease that is highly prevalent, especially in developing countries. Biomphalaria tenagophila is an important invertebrate host of Schistosoma mansoni in Brazil, with some strains (e.g. Cabo Frio) being highly susceptible to the parasite, whereas others (e.g. Taim) are completely resistant to infection. Therefore, B. tenagophila is an important research model for studying immune defense mechanisms against S. mansoni. The internal defense system (IDS) of the snail comprises hemocytes and hemolymph factors acting together to recognize self from non-self molecular patterns to eliminate the threat of infection. We performed experiments to understand the cellular defenses related to the resistance and/or susceptibility of B. tenagophila to S. mansoni. During the early stages of infection, fibrous host cells of both snail strains were arranged as a thin layer surrounding the sporocysts. However, at later stages of infection, the cellular reactions in resistant snails were increasingly more intense, with thicker layers surrounding the parasites, in contrast to susceptible strains. All parasites were damaged or destroyed inside resistant snails after 10 h of infection. By contrast, parasites inside susceptible snails appeared to be morphologically healthy. We also performed experiments using isolated hemocytes from the two strains interacting with sporocysts. Hemocyte attachment started as early as 1 h after initial infection in both strains, but the killing of sporocysts was exclusive to hemocytes from the resistant strain and was time course dependent. The resistant strain was able to kill all sporocysts. In conclusion, our study revealed important aspects of the initial process of infection related to immune defense responses of strains of B. tenagophila that were resistant to S. mansoni compared with strains that were susceptible. Such information is relevant for the survival or death of the parasites and so is important in the development of control measures against this parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Nacif-Pimenta
- Laboratório de Entomologia Médica, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou-Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
| | | | | | - Luciene Barbosa
- Laboratório de Entomologia e Parasitologia Tropical - Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Aracajú, Brasil
| | | | - Paulo Marcos Zech Coelho
- Laboratório de Esquistossomose, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou-Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte, Brasil
- * E-mail:
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8
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Souza SDS, Andrade ZA. The significance of the amoebocyte-producing organ in Biomphalaria glabrata. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2012; 107:598-603. [DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762012000500005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2011] [Accepted: 04/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Interaction of Schistosoma mansoni Sporocysts and Hemocytes of Biomphalaria. J Parasitol Res 2012; 2012:743920. [PMID: 22811885 PMCID: PMC3395257 DOI: 10.1155/2012/743920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2012] [Accepted: 05/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human infection by Schistosoma mansoni affects more than 100 million people worldwide, most often in populations of developing countries of Africa, Asia, and Latin America. The transmission of S. mansoni in human populations depends on the presence of some species of Biomphalaria that act as an intermediate host. The compatibility between S. mansoni and its intermediate host is influenced by behavioral, physiological, and genetical factors of the mollusc and the parasite. The susceptibility level of the mollusc has been attributed to the capacity of internal defense system (IDS)—hemocytes and soluble components of the hemolymph—to recognize and destroy the parasite, and this will be the center of interest of this paper. The schistosome-resistant Biomphalaria can be an alternative strategy for the control of schistosomiasis.
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10
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Mattos ACAD, Martins-Souza RL, Kusel JR, Coelho PMZ. Interaction between primary and secondary sporocysts of Schistosoma mansoni and the internal defence system of Biomphalaria resistant and susceptible to the parasite. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2012; 106:424-32. [PMID: 21739029 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762011000400007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2010] [Accepted: 02/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The outcome of the interaction between Biomphalaria and Schistosoma mansoni depends on the response of the host internal defence system (IDS) and the escape mechanisms of the parasite. The aim of this study was to evaluate the responsiveness of the IDS (haemocytes and soluble haemolymph factors) of resistant and susceptible Biomphalaria tenagophila lineages and Biomphalaria glabrata lineages in the presence of in vitro-transformed primary sporocysts and secondary sporocysts obtained from infected B. glabrata. To do this, we assayed the cellular adhesion index (CAI), analysed viability/mortality, used fluorescent markers to evaluate the tegumental damage and transplanted secondary sporocysts. B. tenagophila Taim was more effective against primary and secondary sporocystes than the susceptible lineage and B. glabrata. Compared with secondary sporocysts exposed to B. tenagophila, primary sporocysts showed a higher CAI, a greater percentage of dead sporocysts and were labelled by lectin from Glycine max and Alexa-Fluor 488 fluorescent probes at a higher rate than the secondary sporocysts. However, the two B. tenagophila lineages showed no cercarial shedding after inoculation with secondary sporocysts. Our hypothesis that secondary sporocysts can escape the B. tenagophila IDS cannot be confirmed by the transplantation experiments. These data suggest that there are additional mechanisms involved in the lower susceptibilty of B. tenagophila to S. mansoni infection.
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11
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Jannotti-Passos LK, Ruiz JC, Caldeira RL, Murta SMF, Coelho PMZ, Carvalho OS. Phylogenetic analysis of Biomphalaria tenagophila (Orbigny, 1835) (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2011; 105:504-11. [PMID: 20721500 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762010000400027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2009] [Accepted: 12/18/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA of Biomphalaria tenagophila, a mollusc intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni in Brazil, was sequenced and characterised. The genome size found for B. tenagophila was 13,722 bp and contained 13 messenger RNAs, 22 transfer RNAs (tRNA) and two ribosomal RNAs (rRNA). In addition to sequencing, the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) genome organization of B. tenagophila was analysed based on its content and localization of both coding and non-coding regions, regions of gene overlap and tRNA nucleotide sequences. Sequences of protein, rRNA 12S and rRNA 16S nucleotides as well as gene organization were compared between B. tenagophila and Biomphalaria glabrata, as the latter is the most important S. mansoni intermediate host in Brazil. Differences between such species were observed regarding rRNA composition. The complete sequence of the B. tenagophila mitochondrial genome was deposited in GenBank (accession EF433576). Furthermore, phylogenetic relationships were estimated among 28 mollusc species, which had their complete mitochondrial genome deposited in GenBank, using the neighbour-joining method, maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood bootstrap. B. tenagophila was positioned at a branch close to B. glabrata and Pulmonata molluscs, collectively comprising a paraphyletic group, contrary to Opistobranchia, which was positioned at a single branch and constituted a monophyletic group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana K Jannotti-Passos
- Moluscário Lobato Paraense, Instituto de Pesquisas René Rachou-Fiocruz, Av. Augusto de Lima 1715, 30190-001 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
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12
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13
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Garcia JS, Maldonado Junior A, Bidau CJ, Corrêa LDR, Lanfredi RM, Coelho PMZ. The effect of early infection with Echinostoma paraensei on the interaction of Schistosoma mansoni with Biomphalaria glabrata and Biomphalaria tenagophila. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2010; 105:499-503. [DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762010000400026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2008] [Accepted: 09/01/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Allegretti SM, Carvalho JF, Magalhães LA, Zanotti-Magalhães EM. Behaviour of albino and melanic variants of Biomphalaria glabrata Say, 1818 (Mollusca: Planorbidae) following infection by Schistosoma mansoni Sambon, 1907. BRAZ J BIOL 2009; 69:217-22. [PMID: 19347168 DOI: 10.1590/s1519-69842009000100029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2008] [Accepted: 05/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The behaviour of the albino and melanic variants of Biomphalaria glabrata of Belo Horizonte (MG. Brazil) was studied comparatively, in terms of their respective susceptibilities to infection by Schistosoma mansoni of the same origin, through observation of the elimination of cercariae for a three-month period and the calculation of mortality and infection rates, in control and in infected snails. The number of amoebocytes, granulocytes and hyalinocytes in the circulating hemolymph during different periods of infection was analyzed. The evolution of the infection in the tissues was observed by means of histological cross-sections. The melanic variant showed greater susceptibility to infection and a higher mortality rate. The albino variant showed a higher number of circulating amoebocytes, both granulocytes and hyalinocytes. A higher number of degenerated sporocysts were seen in the histological cross-sections of the albino variant. The results suggest that the melanic variant of B. glabrata was more susceptible to infection by S. mansoni than was the albino variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Allegretti
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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16
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Coelho PMZ, Rosa FM, Maciel E, Negrão-Correa DA, Carvalho OS, Caldeira RL, Jannotti-Passos LK, Moreira LA, Oliveira GC, Teles HM. Transmission control of schistosomiasis mansoni by introduction of a resistant strain of Biomphalaria tenagophila in areas where transmission is maintained by this species. Acta Trop 2008; 108:245-8. [PMID: 18598664 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2008.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2007] [Revised: 04/30/2008] [Accepted: 05/29/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Biomphalaria tenagophila Taim lineage has proved to be consistently resistant to Schistosoma mansoni. Several published works have shown that this resistance is due to the innate defence system of that strain, and in cross-breedings with susceptible strains the Taim lineage presents dominant character. These findings led to the hypothesis that, introducing this strain in areas where transmission of schistosomiasis is maintained by this species, the introduced lineage would perform cross-breeding with the local snails, thus generating offsprings resistant to the parasites. The perspectives of the proposed approach, as well as some preliminary results and problems related to the first introduction without a previous use of molluscicide are discussed.
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Barbosa L, Silva LM, Coelho PMZ, Santos SR, Fortes-Dias CL. Primary culture of the region of the amebocyte-producing organ of the snail Biomphalaria glabrata, the intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2006; 101:639-43. [PMID: 17072476 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762006000600010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2006] [Accepted: 06/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomphalaria glabrata snails are major hosts for the digenetic trematoda Schistosoma mansoni, the causative agent of human schistosomiasis. The success or failure of the infection will be dependent on the mobilization of the molluskan internal defense system, where a major role will be played by circulating hemocytes produced by the APO (amebocyte-producing organ) of the snail. In this report, the primary culture of the APO region of B. glabrata was obtained for the first time, as well as a control culture of the ovotestis. Three different cell populations migrated easily from the explants in culture, with no need of any dispersion agent. The cells grew in suspension at an incubation temperature of 15 degrees C and the cultures were maintained viable for up to two weeks. Two of these cell populations obtained resembled cell types known to be present in the hemolymph of Biomphalaria. The availability of APO cells in culture may contribute to a better understanding of the internal defense in mollusks, in general, as well as the specific response of B. glabrata to S. mansoni infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Barbosa
- Departmento de Parasitologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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