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Makarenko ES, Shesterikova EM, Kazakova EA, Bitarishvili SV, Volkova PY, Blinova YA, Lychenkova MA. White clover from the exclusion zone of the Chernobyl NPP: Morphological, biochemical, and genetic characteristics. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY 2023; 262:107152. [PMID: 36933462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2023.107152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive study of the biological effects of chronic radiation exposure (8 μGy/h) in populations of white clover (Trifolium repens L.) from the Chernobyl exclusion zone was carried out. White clover is one of the most important pasture legumes, having many agricultural applications. Studies at two reference and three radioactively contaminated plots showed no stable morphological effects in white clover at this level of radiation exposure. Increased activities of catalase and peroxidases were found in some impacted plots. Auxin concentration was enhanced in the radioactively contaminated plots. Genes involved in the maintenance of water homeostasis and photosynthetic processes (TIP1 and CAB1) were upregulated at radioactively contaminated plots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina S Makarenko
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Kievskoe shosse, 109 km, 249032, Obninsk, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina M Shesterikova
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Kievskoe shosse, 109 km, 249032, Obninsk, Russia
| | - Elizaveta A Kazakova
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Kievskoe shosse, 109 km, 249032, Obninsk, Russia
| | - Sofia V Bitarishvili
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Kievskoe shosse, 109 km, 249032, Obninsk, Russia
| | | | - Yana A Blinova
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Kievskoe shosse, 109 km, 249032, Obninsk, Russia
| | - Maria A Lychenkova
- Russian Institute of Radiology and Agroecology, Kievskoe shosse, 109 km, 249032, Obninsk, Russia
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Zhang H, Hu L, Du X, Sun X, Wang T, Mu Z. Physiological and molecular response and tolerance of Macleaya cordata to lead toxicity. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:277. [PMID: 37226137 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09378-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macleaya cordata is a traditional medicinal herb, and it has high tolerance and accumulation ability to heavy metals, which make it a good candidate species for studying phytoremediation. The objectives of this study were to investigate response and tolerance of M. cordata to lead (Pb) toxicity based on comparative analysis of transcriptome and proteome. RESULTS In this study, the seedlings of M. cordata cultured in Hoagland solution were treated with 100 µmol·L- 1 Pb for 1 day (Pb 1d) or 7 days (Pb 7d), subsequently leaves of M. cordata were taken for the determination of Pb accumulation and hydrogen peroxide production (H2O2), meanwhile a total number of 223 significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 296 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were screened between control and Pb treatments. The results showed leaves of M. cordata had a special mechanism to maintain Pb at an appropriate level. Firstly, some DEGs were iron (Fe) deficiency-induced transporters, for example, genes of vacuolar iron transporter and three ABC transporter I family numbers were upregulated by Pb, which can maintain Fe homeostasis in cytoplasm or chloroplast. In addition, five genes of calcium (Ca2+) binding proteins were downregulated in Pb 1d, which may regulate cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentration and H2O2 signaling pathway. On the other hand, the cysteine synthase upregulated, glutathione S-transferase downregulated and glutathione reductase downregulated in Pb 7d can cause reduced glutathione accumulation and decrease Pb detoxification in leaves. Furthermore, DEPs of eight chlorophyll a/b binding proteins, five ATPases and eight ribosomal proteins can play a pivotal role on chloroplast turnover and ATP metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that the proteins involved in Fe homeostasis and chloroplast turnover in mesophyll cells may play key roles in tolerance of M. cordata to Pb. This study offers some novel insights into Pb tolerance mechanism of plants, and the potential valuable for environmental remediation of this important medicinal plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiao Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China.
| | - Linfeng Hu
- College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300222, China
| | - Xinlong Du
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Xijing Sun
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Ting Wang
- College of Agriculture, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang, 471023, China
| | - Zhiying Mu
- College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Hangzhou, 311300, China.
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Shesterikova EM, Bondarenko VS, Volkova PY. Differential gene expression in chronically irradiated herbaceous species from the Chernobyl exclusion zone. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 99:229-237. [PMID: 35704451 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2022.2087927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Transcriptional activity of genes related to ionizing radiation responses in chronically irradiated plant populations at radioactively contaminated territories can be a cost-effective and precise approach for stress response evaluation. However, there are limits to studying non-model plants in field conditions. The work studies the transcriptional activity of candidate genes of adaptation to chronic radiation exposure in plant populations from radioactively contaminated territories of the Chernobyl. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this work, we studied plant species with different sensitivity to acute irradiation: Trifolium repens L., Taraxacum officinale Wigg., and Dactylis glomerata L., sampled in the Chernobyl exclusion zone. The differential expression of several candidate genes of adaptation to chronic radiation exposure in the leaves of these species was analyzed, including homologs of Arabidopsis thaliana genes SLAC1, APX1, GPX2, CAB1, NTRB, PP2-B11, RBOH-F, HY5, SnRK2.4, PDS1, CIPK20, SIP1, PIP1, TIP1. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS All studied species were characterized by upregulation of the CAB1 homolog, encoding chlorophyll a/b binding protein, at radioactively contaminated plots. An increase in the expression of genes associated with water and hydrogen peroxide transport, intensity of photosynthesis, and stress responses (homolog of aquaporin TIP1 for T. repens; homologs of aquaporin PIP1 and transcription factor HY5 for D. glomerata; homolog of CBL-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase CIPK20 for T. officinale) was revealed. The methodological approach for studying gene expression in non-model plant species is described, which may allow large-scale screening studies of candidate genes in various plant species abundant in radioactively contaminated areas.
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Stimulation of Tomato Drought Tolerance by PHYTOCHROME A and B1B2 Mutations. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021560. [PMID: 36675076 PMCID: PMC9864191 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought stress is a severe environmental issue that threatens agriculture at a large scale. PHYTOCHROMES (PHYs) are important photoreceptors in plants that control plant growth and development and are involved in plant stress response. The aim of this study was to identify the role of PHYs in the tomato cv. 'Moneymaker' under drought conditions. The tomato genome contains five PHYs, among which mutant lines in tomato PHYA and PHYB (B1 and B2) were used. Compared to the WT, phyA and phyB1B2 mutants exhibited drought tolerance and showed inhibition of electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde accumulation, indicating decreased membrane damage in the leaves. Both phy mutants also inhibited oxidative damage by enhancing the expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger genes, inhibiting hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) accumulation, and enhancing the percentage of antioxidant activities via DPPH test. Moreover, expression levels of several aquaporins were significantly higher in phyA and phyB1B2, and the relative water content (RWC) in leaves was higher than the RWC in the WT under drought stress, suggesting the enhancement of hydration status in the phy mutants. Therefore, inhibition of oxidative damage in phyA and phyB1B2 mutants may mitigate the harmful effects of drought by preventing membrane damage and conserving the plant hydrostatus.
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Chen M, Guo L, Ramakrishnan M, Fei Z, Vinod KK, Ding Y, Jiao C, Gao Z, Zha R, Wang C, Gao Z, Yu F, Ren G, Wei Q. Rapid growth of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis): Cellular roadmaps, transcriptome dynamics, and environmental factors. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:3577-3610. [PMID: 35766883 PMCID: PMC9516176 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) shows remarkably rapid growth (114.5 cm/day), but the underlying biological mechanisms remain unclear. After examining more than 12,750 internodes from more than 510 culms from 17 Moso populations, we identified internode 18 as a representative internode for rapid growth. This internode includes a 2-cm cell division zone (DZ), a cell elongation zone up to 12 cm, and a secondary cell wall (SCW) thickening zone. These zones elongated 11.8 cm, produced approximately 570,000,000 cells, and deposited ∼28 mg g-1 dry weight (DW) lignin and ∼44 mg g-1 DW cellulose daily, far exceeding vegetative growth observed in other plants. We used anatomical, mathematical, physiological, and genomic data to characterize development and transcriptional networks during rapid growth in internode 18. Our results suggest that (1) gibberellin may directly trigger the rapid growth of Moso shoots, (2) decreased cytokinin and increased auxin accumulation may trigger cell DZ elongation, and (3) abscisic acid and mechanical pressure may stimulate rapid SCW thickening via MYB83L. We conclude that internode length involves a possible tradeoff mediated by mechanical pressure caused by rapid growth, possibly influenced by environmental temperature and regulated by genes related to cell division and elongation. Our results provide insight into the rapid growth of Moso bamboo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research Institute, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research Institute, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Muthusamy Ramakrishnan
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research Institute, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Zhangjun Fei
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - Kunnummal K Vinod
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Yulong Ding
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research Institute, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | | | - Zhipeng Gao
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research Institute, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Ruofei Zha
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research Institute, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Chunyue Wang
- Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Bamboo Research Institute, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Zhimin Gao
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing for Bamboo & Rattan Science and Technology, Institute of Gene Science and Industrialization for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Fen Yu
- Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Bamboo Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Jiangxi Agriculture University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330045, China
| | - Guodong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Cheng G, Wang M, Zhang L, Wei H, Wang H, Lu J, Yu S. Overexpression of a Cotton Aquaporin Gene GhTIP1;1-like Confers Cold Tolerance in Transgenic Arabidopsis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031361. [PMID: 35163287 PMCID: PMC8836057 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cold stress can significantly affect the development, yield, and quality of crops and restrict the geographical distribution and growing seasons of plants. Aquaporins are the main channels for water transport in plant cells. Abiotic stresses such as cold and drought dehydrate cells by changing the water potential. In this study, we cloned a gene GhTIP1;1-like encodes tonoplast aquaporin from the transcriptome database of cotton seedlings after cold stress. Expression analysis showed that GhTIP1;1-like not only responds to cold stress but was also induced by heat, drought and salt stress. Subcellular localization showed that the protein was anchored to the vacuole membrane. Promoter deletion analysis revealed that a MYC motif within the promoter region of GhTIP1;1-like were the core cis-elements in response to low temperature. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) and histochemical staining indicate that GhTIP1;1-like plays a positive role in plant cold tolerance. Overexpression of GhTIP1;1-like in Arabidopsis delayed the senescence process and enhanced the cold tolerance of transgenic plants. Compared with the wild type, the soluble protein concentration and peroxidase activity of the transgenic lines under cold stress were higher, while the malondialdehyde content was lower. In addition, the expression levels of cold-responsive genes were significantly increased in transgenic plants under cold stress. Our results indicate that GhTIP1;1-like could respond to different abiotic stresses and be positively involved in regulating the cold tolerance of cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongmin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang 455000, China; (G.C.); (L.Z.); (H.W.); (H.W.); (J.L.)
- School of Biological Science and Food Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China;
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Mengdi Wang
- School of Biological Science and Food Engineering, Chuzhou University, Chuzhou 239000, China;
- School of Life Science, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Longyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang 455000, China; (G.C.); (L.Z.); (H.W.); (H.W.); (J.L.)
- College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Hengling Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang 455000, China; (G.C.); (L.Z.); (H.W.); (H.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Hantao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang 455000, China; (G.C.); (L.Z.); (H.W.); (H.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Jianhua Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang 455000, China; (G.C.); (L.Z.); (H.W.); (H.W.); (J.L.)
| | - Shuxun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS, Anyang 455000, China; (G.C.); (L.Z.); (H.W.); (H.W.); (J.L.)
- College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-188-0372-9718
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Wang R, Li R, Cheng L, Wang X, Fu X, Dong X, Qi M, Jiang C, Xu T, Li T. SlERF52 regulates SlTIP1;1 expression to accelerate tomato pedicel abscission. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:1829-1846. [PMID: 33638643 PMCID: PMC8133580 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Abscission of plant organs is induced by developmental signals and diverse environmental stimuli and involves multiple regulatory networks, including biotic or abiotic stress-impaired auxin flux in the abscission zone (AZ). Depletion of auxin activates AZ ethylene (ETH) production and triggers acceleration of abscission, a process that requires hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). However, the interaction between these networks and the underlying mechanisms that control abscission are poorly understood. Here, we found that expression of tonoplast intrinsic proteins, which belong to the aquaporin (AQP) family in the AZ was important for tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) pedicel abscission. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry and in situ hybridization revealed that SlTIP1;1 was most abundant and specifically present in the tomato pedicel AZ. SlTIP1;1 localized in the plasma membrane and tonoplast. Knockout of SlTIP1;1 resulted in delayed abscission, whereas overexpression of SlTIP1;1 accelerated abscission. Further analysis indicated that SlTIP1;1 mediated abscission via gating of cytoplasmic H2O2 concentrations and osmotic water permeability (Pf). Elevated cytoplasmic levels of H2O2 caused a suppressed auxin signal in the early abscission stage and enhanced ETH production during abscission. Furthermore, we found that increasing Pf was required to enhance the turgor pressure to supply the break force for AZ cell separation. Moreover, we observed that SlERF52 bound directly to the SlTIP1;1 promoter to regulate its expression, demonstrating a positive loop in which cytoplasmic H2O2 activates ETH production, which activates SlERF52. This, in turn, induces SlTIP1;1, which leads to elevated cytoplasmic H2O2 and water influx.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Ruizhen Li
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Lina Cheng
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xin Fu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Xiufen Dong
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Mingfang Qi
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Caizhong Jiang
- Crops Pathology and Genetic Research Unit, United States Department of Agriculture Research Service, California, USA
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, California, USA
| | - Tao Xu
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
- Author for communication:
| | - Tianlai Li
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Protected Horticulture of Ministry of Education, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
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Zhu Z, Chen H, Xie K, Liu C, Li L, Liu L, Han X, Jiao C, Wan Z, Sha A. Characterization of Drought-Responsive Transcriptome During Seed Germination in Adzuki Bean ( Vigna angularis L.) by PacBio SMRT and Illumina Sequencing. Front Genet 2020; 11:996. [PMID: 33110419 PMCID: PMC7489039 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The full-length single-molecular sequencing and short reads Illumina sequencing were combined to generate the transcripts of adzuki bean with high-quality. A total of 17,636 loci and 60,454 transcripts were detected in this study. To characterize the drought-responsive genes during seed germination in adzuki bean, two varieties, i.e., tolerant and sensitive to drought stress, were selected to conduct analysis of alternative splicing dynamics (AS) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) by combining the newly assembled draft genome and public adzuki bean reference genome. AS analysis indicated that both the two varieties underwent a little more AS events under control conditions than under drought stress. Among the AS events, IR (intron retention) predominately accounted for 34.3%, whereas AD (alternative donor site) was the least frequent with 15.8%. Meanwhile, 562 long non-coding RNAs, 409 fusion genes and 1208 transcription factors were identified. Moreover, a total of 5,337 DEGs were identified in comparison of the two varieties with drought or control treatments. Notably, 82 DEGs were discovered in the two varieties under drought stress, which might be the candidate in regulation of seed germination to answer for different drought tolerance. The DEGs encoded proteins involved in primary or second metabolism, plant hormone signal transduction, transcript or translation processes, ubiquitin proteasome system, transcription factor, transporters, and so on. The results facilitate to increase the knowledge about the mechanism of drought tolerance during crop seed germination, and provide reference for the breeding of drought-tolerant adzuki bean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Zhu
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry/Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland of Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Hongwei Chen
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Xie
- Zhongzhi International Institute of Agricultural Biosciences, Biology and Agriculture Research Center, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, China
| | - Changyan Liu
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Li
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic, Wuhan, China
| | - Liangjun Liu
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuesong Han
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunhai Jiao
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhenghuang Wan
- Institute of Food Crops, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic, Wuhan, China
| | - Aihua Sha
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry/Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland of Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
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Singh RK, Deshmukh R, Muthamilarasan M, Rani R, Prasad M. Versatile roles of aquaporin in physiological processes and stress tolerance in plants. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 149:178-189. [PMID: 32078896 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins are pore-forming transmembrane proteins that facilitate the movement of water and many other small neutral solutes across the cells and intracellular compartments. Plants exhibits high diversity in aquaporin isoforms and broadly classified into five different subfamilies on the basis of phylogenetic distribution and subcellular occurrence: plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIPs), tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIPs), nodulin 26-like proteins (NIPs), small basic intrinsic proteins (SIPs) and uncharacterized intrinsic proteins (XIPs). The gating mechanism of aquaporin channels is tightly regulated by post-translational modifications such as phosphorylation, methylation, acetylation, glycosylation, and deamination. Aquaporin expression and transport functions are also modulated by the various phytohormones-mediated signalling in plants. Combined physiology and transcriptome analysis revealed the role of aquaporins in regulating hydraulic conductance in roots and leaves. The present review mainly focused on aquaporin functional activity during solute transport, plant development, abiotic stress response, and plant-microbe symbiosis. Genetically modified plants overexpressing aquaporin-encoding genes display improved agronomic and abiotic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshan Kumar Singh
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, 140306, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Rekha Rani
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Manoj Prasad
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Isolation and characterization of kelch repeat-containing F-box proteins from colored wheat. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:1129-1141. [PMID: 31907740 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-019-05210-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
F-box proteins play important roles in the regulation of various developmental processes in plants. Approximately 1796 F-box genes have been identified in the wheat genome, but details of their functions remain unknown. Moreover, not much was known about the roles of kelch repeat domain-containing F-box genes (TaKFBs) in wheat. In the present study, we isolated five TaKFBs to investigate the roles of KFBs at different stages of colored wheat grain development. The cDNAs encoding TaKFB1, TaKFB2, TaKFB3, TaKFB4, and TaKFB5 contained 363, 449, 353, 382, and 456 bp open reading frames, respectively. All deduced TaKFBs contained an F-box domain (IPR001810) and a kelch repeat type 1 domain (IPR006652), except TaKFB2. Expression of TaKFBs was elevated during the pigmentation stages of grain development. To clarify how TaKFB and SKP interact in wheat, we investigated whether five TaKFB proteins showed specificity for six SKP proteins using a yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) assay. An Y2H screen was performed to search for proteins capable of binding the TaKFBs and interaction was identified between TaKFB1 and aquaporin PIP1. To examine the subcellular localization of TaKFBs, we transiently expressed TaKFB-green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusions in tobacco leaves; the TaKFB-GFP fusions were detected in the nucleus and the cytoplasm. Y2H and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays revealed that TaKFB1 specifically interacts with aquaporin PIP1. These results will provide useful information for further functional studies on wheat F-box proteins and their possible roles.
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Hussain A, Tanveer R, Mustafa G, Farooq M, Amin I, Mansoor S. Comparative phylogenetic analysis of aquaporins provides insight into the gene family expansion and evolution in plants and their role in drought tolerant and susceptible chickpea cultivars. Genomics 2020; 112:263-275. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2019.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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12
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Tian B, Li J, Vodkin LO, Todd TC, Finer JJ, Trick HN. Host-derived gene silencing of parasite fitness genes improves resistance to soybean cyst nematodes in stable transgenic soybean. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2019; 132:2651-2662. [PMID: 31230117 PMCID: PMC6707959 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-019-03379-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Soybean expressing small interfering RNA of SCN improved plant resistance to SCN consistently, and small RNA-seq analysis revealed a threshold of siRNA expression required for resistance ability. Soybean cyst nematode (SCN), Heterodera glycines, is one of the most destructive pests limiting soybean production worldwide, with estimated losses of $1 billion dollars annually in the USA alone. RNA interference (RNAi) has become a powerful tool for silencing gene expression. We report here that the expression of hairpin RNAi constructs, derived from two SCN genes related to reproduction and fitness, HgY25 and HgPrp17, enhances resistance to SCN in stably transformed soybean plants. The analyses of T3 to T5 generations of stable transgenic soybeans by molecular strategies and next-generation sequencing confirmed the presence of specific short interfering RNAs complementary to the target SCN genes. Bioassays performed on transgenic soybean lines targeting SCN HgY25 and HgPrp17 fitness genes showed significant reductions (up to 73%) for eggs/g root in the T3 and T4 homozygous transgenic lines. Targeted mRNAs of SCN eggs collected from the transgenic soybean lines were efficiently down-regulated, as confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR. Based on the small RNA-seq data and bioassays, it is our hypothesis that a threshold of small interfering RNA molecules is required to significantly reduce SCN populations feeding on the host plants. Our results demonstrated that host-derived gene silencing of essential SCN fitness genes could be an effective strategy for enhancing resistance in crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Tian
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, 1712 Claflin Road, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Jiarui Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, 1712 Claflin Road, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
- Innatrix Inc, 6 Davis Drive, Research Triangle Park, NC, 27709, USA
| | - Lila O Vodkin
- Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, 1201 W. Gregory Drive, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Timothy C Todd
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, 1712 Claflin Road, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - John J Finer
- Department of Horticulture and Crop Science, OARDC, The Ohio State University, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH, 44691, USA
| | - Harold N Trick
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, 1712 Claflin Road, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.
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13
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Bienert MD, Muries B, Crappe D, Chaumont F, Bienert GP. Overexpression of X Intrinsic Protein 1;1 in Nicotiana tabacum and Arabidopsis reduces boron allocation to shoot sink tissues. PLANT DIRECT 2019; 3:e00143. [PMID: 31245781 PMCID: PMC6549384 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Major Intrinsic Proteins (MIP) are a family of channels facilitating the diffusion of water and/or small solutes across cellular membranes. X Intrinsic Proteins (XIP) form the least characterized MIP subfamily in vascular plants. XIPs are mostly impermeable to water but facilitate the diffusion of hydrogen peroxide, urea and boric acid when expressed in heterologous expression systems. However, their transport capabilities in planta and their impact on plant physiology are still unknown. Here, we demonstrated that overexpression of NtXIP1;1 in Nicotiana tabacum by the En2pPMA4 or the 35S CaMV promoter and in Arabidopsis, which does not contain any XIP gene, by the 35S CaMV promoter, resulted in boron (B)-deficiency symptoms such as death of the shoot apical meristem, infertile flowers, and puckered leaves. Leaf B concentrations in symptomatic tissues and B xylem sap concentrations were lower in the overexpressors than in control plants. Importantly, expression of NtXIP1;1 under the control of the AtNIP5;1 promoter complemented the B deficiency phenotype of the Atnip5;1 knockout mutant, defining its ability to act as a boric acid channel in planta. Protein quantification analysis revealed that NtXIP1;1 was predominantly expressed in young B-demanding tissues and induced under B-deficient conditions. Our results strongly suggest that NtXIP1;1 plays a role in B homeostasis and its tissue-specific expression critically contributes to the distribution of B within tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Desiree Bienert
- Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyLeibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant ResearchGaterslebenGermany
| | - Beatriz Muries
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and TechnologyUCLouvainLouvain‐la‐NeuveBelgium
| | - Delphine Crappe
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and TechnologyUCLouvainLouvain‐la‐NeuveBelgium
| | - François Chaumont
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and TechnologyUCLouvainLouvain‐la‐NeuveBelgium
| | - Gerd Patrick Bienert
- Department of Physiology and Cell BiologyLeibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant ResearchGaterslebenGermany
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14
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Gu KX, Song XS, Xiao XM, Duan XX, Wang JX, Duan YB, Hou YP, Zhou MG. A β 2-tubulin dsRNA derived from Fusarium asiaticum confers plant resistance to multiple phytopathogens and reduces fungicide resistance. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 153:36-46. [PMID: 30744895 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2018.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Crops are attacked by a large number of pathogens which are responsible for an approximately 30% loss in global crop production at pre- and post-harvest levels. In light of the continuing emergence of fungicide resistance, the needs for new agricultural drugs turn out to be much more critical. Here we demonstrated a Faβ2Tub-3 dsRNA derived from Fusarium asiaticum had broad-spectrum antifungal activity against Fusarium spp., Botrytis cinerea, Magnaporthe oryzae and Colletotrichum truncatum, with an additional function of reducing the dosage of carbendazim (MBC) fungicide. RNAi molecules derived from different regions of β2-tubulin gene had different effects on mycelial growth, asexual reproduction and virulence. Faβ2Tub-3 (one of β2-tubulin segments) exhibited a strong silencing efficacy both on β1-tubulin and β2-tubulin genes in F. asiaticum. Faβ2Tub-3 sequence was found to be highly conserved among Fusarium spp., Botrytis cinerea, Magnaporthe oryzae and Colletotrichum truncatum. The Faβ2Tub-3 dsRNA demonstrated a broad-spectrum antifungal activity against these fungi in vitro and on living plant. More importantly, Faβ2Tub-3 dsRNA increased the fungal sensitivity to MBC, while MBC increased the duration of Faβ2Tub-3 dsRNA. Our findings suggest a new anti-fungal agent (Faβ2Tub-3 dsRNA) for plant protection against diverse pathogens and for fungicide reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai-Xin Gu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiu-Shi Song
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xue-Mei Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiao-Xin Duan
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jian-Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ya-Bing Duan
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yi-Ping Hou
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Ming-Guo Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide, College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210095, China.
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15
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Wang R, Wang M, Chen K, Wang S, Mur LAJ, Guo S. Exploring the Roles of Aquaporins in Plant⁻Microbe Interactions. Cells 2018; 7:E267. [PMID: 30545006 PMCID: PMC6316839 DOI: 10.3390/cells7120267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are membrane channel proteins regulating the flux of water and other various small solutes across membranes. Significant progress has been made in understanding the roles of AQPs in plants' physiological processes, and now their activities in various plant⁻microbe interactions are receiving more attention. This review summarizes the various roles of different AQPs during interactions with microbes which have positive and negative consequences on the host plants. In positive plant⁻microbe interactions involving rhizobia, arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM), and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR), AQPs play important roles in nitrogen fixation, nutrient transport, improving water status, and increasing abiotic stress tolerance. For negative interactions resulting in pathogenesis, AQPs help plants resist infections by preventing pathogen ingress by influencing stomata opening and influencing defensive signaling pathways, especially through regulating systemic acquired resistance. Interactions with bacterial or viral pathogens can be directly perturbed through direct interaction of AQPs with harpins or replicase. However, whilst these observations indicate the importance of AQPs, further work is needed to develop a fuller mechanistic understanding of their functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruirui Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-Saving Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Min Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-Saving Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Kehao Chen
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-Saving Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Shiyu Wang
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-Saving Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Luis Alejandro Jose Mur
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth SY23 3DA, UK.
| | - Shiwei Guo
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab of Solid Organic Waste Utilization, Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Solid Organic Wastes, Educational Ministry Engineering Center of Resource-Saving Fertilizers, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu, China.
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16
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Gullo G, Dattola A, Vonella V, Zappia R. Evaluation of water relation parameters in vitis rootstocks with different drought tolerance and their effects on growth of a grafted cultivar. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2018; 226:172-178. [PMID: 29783057 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2018.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge of root hydraulic resistance will allow us to better understand water relations arising in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. These are the basis for better control of plant behaviour in the current environmental context that is more and more affected by global warming and problems related to increased drought frequency and duration. The objectives of this study were to determine how the growth of a cultivar changes in response to the drought tolerance of the rootstock used in Vitis grown in a semi-arid area and how the root hydraulic resistivity and root hydraulic conductivity change with increased transpiration when adopting a rootstock with a different drought tolerance. These experiments were carried out on intact plants of Gaglioppo grapevines grafted onto rootstocks of 779 P, a drought-tolerant American hybrid, and 420 A, a drought-susceptible American hybrid. Root hydraulic conductivity was significantly higher in the roots of 779 P than in the roots of 420 A. Stomatal conductance, net assimilation of CO2, leaf water potential, and relative water content were also higher in Gaglioppo grafted onto 779 P than that grafted onto 420 A. Leaf area, leaf dry weight, and specific leaf weight of Gaglioppo were also higher when grafted onto 779 P. Gaglioppo grapevine grafted onto 779 P showed superior growth and physiological performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregorio Gullo
- Department AGRARIA, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, 89124, Italy.
| | - Antonio Dattola
- Department AGRARIA, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, 89124, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Vonella
- Department AGRARIA, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, 89124, Italy.
| | - Rocco Zappia
- Department AGRARIA, Mediterranean University of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, 89124, Italy.
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17
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Nagy M, Kéki S, Rácz D, Mathur J, Vereb G, Garda T, M-Hamvas M, Chaumont F, Bóka K, Böddi B, Freytag C, Vasas G, Máthé C. Novel fluorochromes label tonoplast in living plant cells and reveal changes in vacuolar organization after treatment with protein phosphatase inhibitors. PROTOPLASMA 2018; 255:829-839. [PMID: 29230547 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-017-1190-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The recently synthesized isocyanonaphtalene derivatives ACAIN and CACAIN are fluorochromes excitable at wavelengths of around 366 nm and bind cysteine-rich proteins with hydrophobic motifs. We show that these compounds preferentially label tonoplasts in living Arabidopsis and tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum SR1) cells. ACAIN-labeled membranes co-localized with the GFP signal in plants expressing GFP-δ-TIP (TIP2;1) (a tonoplast aquaporin) fusion protein. ACAIN preserved the dynamics of vacuolar structures. tip2;1 and triple tip1;1-tip1;2-tip2;1 knockout mutants showed weaker ACAIN signal in tonoplasts. The fluorochrome is also suitable for the labeling and detection of specific (cysteine-rich, hydrophobic) proteins from crude cell protein extracts following SDS-PAGE and TIP mutants show altered labeling patterns; however, it appears that ACAIN labels a large variety of tonoplast proteins. ACAIN/CACAIN could be used for the detection of altered vacuolar organization induced by the heptapeptide natural toxin microcystin-LR (MCY-LR), a potent inhibitor of both type 1 and 2A protein phosphatases and a ROS inducer. As revealed both in plants with GFP-TIP2;1 fusions and in wild-type (Columbia) plants labeled with ACAIN/CACAIN, MCY-LR induces the formation of small vesicles, concomitantly with the absence of the large vegetative vacuoles characteristic for differentiated cells. TEM studies of MCY-LR-treated Arabidopsis cells proved the presence of multimembrane vesicles, with characteristics of lytic vacuoles or autophagosomes. Moreover, MCY-LR is a stronger inducer of small vesicle formation than okadaic acid (which inhibits preferentially PP2A) and tautomycin (which inhibits preferentially PP1). ACAIN and CACAIN emerge as useful novel tools to study plant vacuole biogenesis and programmed cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miklós Nagy
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Sándor Kéki
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Dávid Rácz
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Jaideep Mathur
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Laboratory of Plant Development and Interactions, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road, Guelph, ON, N1G2W1, Canada
| | - György Vereb
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biophysics and Cell Biology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tamás Garda
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Botany, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Márta M-Hamvas
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Botany, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - François Chaumont
- Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Université catholique de Louvain, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Károly Bóka
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science, Pázmány P. s. 1/c, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| | - Béla Böddi
- ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Department of Plant Anatomy, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Science, Pázmány P. s. 1/c, Budapest, H-1117, Hungary
| | - Csongor Freytag
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Botany, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Gábor Vasas
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Botany, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Csaba Máthé
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Botany, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.
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18
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Sharma A, Kumar V, Yuan H, Kanwar MK, Bhardwaj R, Thukral AK, Zheng B. Jasmonic Acid Seed Treatment Stimulates Insecticide Detoxification in Brassica juncea L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1609. [PMID: 30450109 PMCID: PMC6224710 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The present study focused on assessing the effects of jasmonic acid (JA) seed treatment on the physiology of Brassica juncea seedlings grown under imidacloprid (IMI) toxicity. It has been observed that IMI application declined the chlorophyll content and growth of seedlings. However, JA seed treatment resulted in the significant recovery of chlorophyll content and seedling growth. Contents of oxidative stress markers like superoxide anion, hydrogen peroxide, and malondialdehyde were enhanced with IMI application, but JA seed treatment significantly reduced their contents. Antioxidative defense system was activated with IMI application which was further triggered after JA seed treatment. Activities of antioxidative enzymes and contents of non-enzymatic antioxidants were enhanced with the application of IMI as well as JA seed treatment. JA seed treatment also regulated the gene expression of various enzymes under IMI stress. These enzymes included respiratory burst oxidase (RBO), Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RUBISCO), NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (NADH), carboxylesterase (CXE), chlorophyllase (CHLASE), cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (P450). JA seed treatment up-regulated the expressions of RUBISCO, NADH, CXE, and P450 under IMI toxicity. However, expressions of RBO and CHLASE were down-regulated in seedlings germinated from JA seed treatment and grown in presence of IMI. Seed soaking with JA also resulted in a significant reduction of IMI residues in B. juncea seedlings. The present study concluded that seed soaking with JA could efficiently reduce the IMI toxicity by triggering the IMI detoxification system in intact plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anket Sharma
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- Plant Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
- *Correspondence: Anket Sharma, Bingsong Zheng,
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Department of Botany & Environment Studies, DAV University, Jalandhar, India
| | - Huwei Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | | | - Renu Bhardwaj
- Plant Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Ashwani Kumar Thukral
- Plant Stress Physiology Lab, Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Bingsong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Anket Sharma, Bingsong Zheng,
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Lei R, Li X, Ma Z, Lv Y, Hu Y, Yu D. Arabidopsis WRKY2 and WRKY34 transcription factors interact with VQ20 protein to modulate pollen development and function. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 91:962-976. [PMID: 28635025 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.13619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 05/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plant male gametogenesis is tightly regulated, and involves complex and precise regulations of transcriptional reprogramming. WRKY transcription factors have been demonstrated to play critical roles in plant development and stress responses. Several members of this family physically interact with VQ motif-containing proteins (VQ proteins) to mediate a plethora of programs in Arabidopsis; however, the involvement of WRKY-VQ complexes in plant male gametogenesis remains largely unknown. In this study, we found that WRKY2 and WKRY34 interact with VQ20 both in vitro and in vivo. Further experiments displayed that the conserved VQ motif of VQ20 is responsible for their physical interactions. The VQ20 protein localizes in the nucleus and specifically expresses in pollens. Phenotypic analysis showed that WRKY2, WRKY34 and VQ20 are crucial for pollen development and function. Mutations of WRKY2, WRKY34 and VQ20 simultaneously resulted in male sterility, with defects in pollen development, germination and tube growth. Further investigation revealed that VQ20 affects the transcriptional functions of its interacting WRKY partners. Complementation evidence supported that the VQ motif of VQ20 is essential for pollen development, as a mutant form of VQ20 in which LVQK residues in the VQ motif were replaced by EDLE did not rescue the phenotype of the w2-1 w34-1 vq20-1 triple-mutant plants. Further expression analysis indicated that WRKY2, WRKY34 and VQ20 co-modulate multiple genes involved in pollen development, germination and tube growth. Taken together, our study provides evidence that VQ20 acts as a key partner of WRKY2 and WKRY34 in plant male gametogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rihua Lei
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Zhenbing Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Yan Lv
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Yanru Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Diqiu Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
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20
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Gupta S, Bhar A, Chatterjee M, Ghosh A, Das S. Transcriptomic dissection reveals wide spread differential expression in chickpea during early time points of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri Race 1 attack. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178164. [PMID: 28542579 PMCID: PMC5460890 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants' reaction to underground microorganisms is complex as sessile nature of plants compels them to prioritize their responses to diverse microorganisms both pathogenic and symbiotic. Roots of important crops are directly exposed to diverse microorganisms, but investigations involving root pathogens are significantly less. Thus, more studies involving root pathogens and their target crops are necessitated to enrich the understanding of underground interactions. Present study reported the molecular complexities in chickpea during Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri Race 1 (Foc1) infection. Transcriptomic dissections using RNA-seq showed significantly differential expression of molecular transcripts between infected and control plants of both susceptible and resistant genotypes. Radar plot analyses showed maximum expressional undulations after infection in both susceptible and resistant plants. Gene ontology and functional clustering showed large number of transcripts controlling basic metabolism of plants. Network analyses demonstrated defense components like peptidyl cis/trans isomerase, MAP kinase, beta 1,3 glucanase, serine threonine kinase, patatin like protein, lactolylglutathione lyase, coproporphyrinogen III oxidase, sulfotransferases; reactive oxygen species regulating components like respiratory burst oxidase, superoxide dismutases, cytochrome b5 reductase, glutathione reductase, thioredoxin reductase, ATPase; metabolism regulating components, myo inositol phosphate, carboxylate synthase; transport related gamma tonoplast intrinsic protein, and structural component, ubiquitins to serve as important nodals of defense signaling network. These nodal molecules probably served as hub controllers of defense signaling. Functional characterization of these hub molecules would not only help in developing better understanding of chickpea-Foc1 interaction but also place them as promising candidates for resistance management programs against vascular wilt of legumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanti Gupta
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Centenary Campus, P 1/12, CIT Scheme, VII-M, Kankurgachi, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Anirban Bhar
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Centenary Campus, P 1/12, CIT Scheme, VII-M, Kankurgachi, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Moniya Chatterjee
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Centenary Campus, P 1/12, CIT Scheme, VII-M, Kankurgachi, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Amartya Ghosh
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Centenary Campus, P 1/12, CIT Scheme, VII-M, Kankurgachi, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sampa Das
- Division of Plant Biology, Bose Institute, Centenary Campus, P 1/12, CIT Scheme, VII-M, Kankurgachi, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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21
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Sun H, Li L, Lou Y, Zhao H, Yang Y, Wang S, Gao Z. The bamboo aquaporin gene PeTIP4;1-1 confers drought and salinity tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2017; 36:597-609. [PMID: 28168515 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-017-2106-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
PeTIP4;1-1, an aquaporin gene involved in bamboo shoot growth, is regulated by abiotic stresses. Overexpression of PeTIP4;1-1 confers drought and salinity tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. Aquaporins play a central role in numerous physiological processes throughout plant growth and development. PeTIP4;1-1, an aquaporin gene isolated from moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), comprises an open reading frame (ORF) of 756 bp encoding a peptide of 251 amino acids. The genomic sequence corresponding to the ORF of PeTIP4;1-1 was 1777 bp and contained three exons separated by two introns. PeTIP4;1-1 was constitutively expressed at the highest level in culms, and the expression level was elevated with increasing height of the bamboo shoot. PeTIP4;1-1 was significantly up-regulated in response to drought and salinity stresses in bamboo roots and leaves. To investigate the role of PeTIP4;1-1 in response to drought and salinity stresses, transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing PeTIP4;1-1 under the control of CaMV 35S promoter were generated and subjected to morphological and physiological assays. Compared with Col-0, the transgenic plants showed enhanced tolerance to drought and salinity stresses and produced longer taproots, which had more green leaves, higher F v/F m and NPQ values, higher activities of SOD, POD and CAT, lower MDA concentration and higher water content. Transcript levels of three stress-related genes (AtP5CS, AtNHX1 and AtLEA) were enhanced. These results indicated that PeTIP4;1-1 might play an important function in response to drought and salinity stresses, and is a candidate gene for breeding of stress tolerance in other crops through genetic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayu Sun
- State Forestry Administration Key Open Laboratory on the Science and Technology of Bamboo and Rattan, Institute of Gene Science for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Lichao Li
- State Forestry Administration Key Open Laboratory on the Science and Technology of Bamboo and Rattan, Institute of Gene Science for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Yongfeng Lou
- State Forestry Administration Key Open Laboratory on the Science and Technology of Bamboo and Rattan, Institute of Gene Science for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102, China
- Jiangxi Academy of Forestry, Nanchang, 330013, China
| | - Hansheng Zhao
- State Forestry Administration Key Open Laboratory on the Science and Technology of Bamboo and Rattan, Institute of Gene Science for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Yihong Yang
- State Forestry Administration Key Open Laboratory on the Science and Technology of Bamboo and Rattan, Institute of Gene Science for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102, China
- College of Horticulture, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Sining Wang
- State Forestry Administration Key Open Laboratory on the Science and Technology of Bamboo and Rattan, Institute of Gene Science for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Zhimin Gao
- State Forestry Administration Key Open Laboratory on the Science and Technology of Bamboo and Rattan, Institute of Gene Science for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, 100102, China.
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22
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Yuan D, Li W, Hua Y, King GJ, Xu F, Shi L. Genome-Wide Identification and Characterization of the Aquaporin Gene Family and Transcriptional Responses to Boron Deficiency in Brassica napus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:1336. [PMID: 28824672 PMCID: PMC5539139 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.01336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are an abundant protein family and play important roles to facilitate small neutral molecule transport across membranes. Oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) is an important oil crop in China and elsewhere in the world, and is very sensitive to low boron (B) stress. Several AQP family genes have been reported to be involved in B transport across plasma membranes in plants. In this study, a total of 121 full-length AQPs were identified and characterized in B. napus (AC genome), and could be classified into four sub-families, including 43 PIPs (plasma membrane intrinsic proteins), 35 TIPs (tonoplast intrinsic proteins), 32 NIPs (NOD26-like intrinsic proteins), and 11 SIPs (small basic intrinsic proteins). The gene characteristics of BnaAQPs were similar to those of BraAQPs (A genome) and BolAQPs (C genome) including the composition of each sub-family, gene structure, and substrate selectivity filters. The BnaNIP was the most complex AQP sub-family, reflecting the composition of substrate selectivity filter structures which affect the permeation of solution molecules. In this study, the seedlings of both B-efficient (QY10) and B-inefficient (W10) cultivars were treated with two boron (B) levels: deficient (0.25 μM B) and sufficient (25 μM B). The transcription of AQP genes in root (R), juvenile leaf (JL), and old leaf (OL) tissues of both cultivars was investigated under B deficient and sufficient conditions. Transcription of most BnaPIPs and BnaTIPs was significantly increased compared with other BnaAQPs in all the three tissues, especially in the roots, of both B-efficient and B-inefficient cultivars under both B conditions. With B deprivation, the expression of the majority of the BnaPIPs and BnaTIPs was down-regulated in the roots. However, the BnaNIPs were up-regulated. In addition, the BnaCnn_random.PIP1;4b, BnaPIP2;4s, BnaC04.TIP4;1a, BnaAnn_random.TIP1;1b, and BnaNIP5;1s (except for BnaA07.NIP5;1c and BnaC06.NIP5;1c) exhibited obvious differences at low B between B-efficient and B-inefficient cultivars. These results will help us to understand boron homeostasis in B. napus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yuan
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
- Microelement Research Center/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Wei Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
- Microelement Research Center/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Yingpeng Hua
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
- Microelement Research Center/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Graham J. King
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
- Southern Cross Plant Science, Southern Cross UniversityLismore, NSW, Australia
| | - Fangsen Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
- Microelement Research Center/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
| | - Lei Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
- Microelement Research Center/Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Shi
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23
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Rodrigues MI, Takeda AAS, Bravo JP, Maia IG. The Eucalyptus Tonoplast Intrinsic Protein (TIP) Gene Subfamily: Genomic Organization, Structural Features, and Expression Profiles. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1810. [PMID: 27965702 PMCID: PMC5127802 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Plant aquaporins are water channels implicated in various physiological processes, including growth, development and adaptation to stress. In this study, the Tonoplast Intrinsic Protein (TIP) gene subfamily of Eucalyptus, an economically important woody species, was investigated and characterized. A genome-wide survey of the Eucalyptus grandis genome revealed the presence of eleven putative TIP genes (referred as EgTIP), which were individually assigned by phylogeny to each of the classical TIP1-5 groups. Homology modeling confirmed the presence of the two highly conserved NPA (Asn-Pro-Ala) motifs in the identified EgTIPs. Residue variations in the corresponding selectivity filters, that might reflect differences in EgTIP substrate specificity, were observed. All EgTIP genes, except EgTIP5.1, were transcribed and the majority of them showed organ/tissue-enriched expression. Inspection of the EgTIP promoters revealed the presence of common cis-regulatory elements implicated in abiotic stress and hormone responses pointing to an involvement of the identified genes in abiotic stress responses. In line with these observations, additional gene expression profiling demonstrated increased expression under polyethylene glycol-imposed osmotic stress. Overall, the results obtained suggest that these novel EgTIPs might be functionally implicated in eucalyptus adaptation to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcela I. Rodrigues
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State UniversityBotucatu, Brazil
| | - Agnes A. S. Takeda
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State UniversityBotucatu, Brazil
- Institute of Biotechnology, São Paulo State UniversityBotucatu, Brazil
| | - Juliana P. Bravo
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State UniversityBotucatu, Brazil
| | - Ivan G. Maia
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Biosciences of Botucatu, São Paulo State UniversityBotucatu, Brazil
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24
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Li R, Wang J, Li S, Zhang L, Qi C, Weeda S, Zhao B, Ren S, Guo YD. Plasma Membrane Intrinsic Proteins SlPIP2;1, SlPIP2;7 and SlPIP2;5 Conferring Enhanced Drought Stress Tolerance in Tomato. Sci Rep 2016; 6:31814. [PMID: 27545827 PMCID: PMC4992886 DOI: 10.1038/srep31814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The function of aquaporin (AQP) protein in transporting water is crucial for plants to survive in drought stress. With 47 homologues in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) were reported, but the individual and integrated functions of aquaporins involved in drought response remains unclear. Here, three plasma membrane intrinsic protein genes, SlPIP2;1, SlPIP2;7 and SlPIP2;5, were identified as candidate aquaporins genes because of highly expressed in tomato roots. Assay on expression in Xenopus oocytes demonstrated that SlPIP2s protein displayed water channel activity and facilitated water transport into the cells. With real-time PCR and in situ hybridization analysis, SlPIP2s were considered to be involved in response to drought treatment. To test its function, transgenic Arabidopsis and tomato lines overexpressing SlPIP2;1, SlPIP2;7 or SlPIP2;5 were generated. Compared with wild type, the over-expression of SlPIP2;1, SlPIP2;7 or SlPIP2;5 transgenic Arabidopsis and tomato plants all showed significantly higher hydraulic conductivity levels and survival rates under both normal and drought conditions. Taken together, this study concludes that aquaporins (SlPIP2;1, SlPIP2;7 and SlPIP2;5) contribute substantially to root water uptake in tomato plants through improving plant water content and maintaining osmotic balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren Li
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Jinfang Wang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Shuangtao Li
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Chuandong Qi
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Sarah Weeda
- School of Agriculture, Virginia State University, PO Box 9061, Petersburg, VA 23806, USA
| | - Bing Zhao
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
| | - Shuxin Ren
- School of Agriculture, Virginia State University, PO Box 9061, Petersburg, VA 23806, USA
| | - Yang-Dong Guo
- College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, 100193 Beijing, China
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25
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Genome-wide identification and characterization of aquaporin gene family in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis). Mol Biol Rep 2016; 43:437-50. [PMID: 26993482 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-016-3973-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are known to play a major role in maintaining water and hydraulic conductivity balance in the plant system. Numerous studies have showed AQPs execute multi-function throughout plant growth and development, including water transport, nitrogen, carbon, and micronutrient acquisition etc. However, little information on AQPs is known in bamboo. In this study, we present the first genome-wide identification and characterization of AQP genes in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) using bioinformatics. In total, 26 AQP genes were identified by homologous analysis, which were divided into four groups (PIPs, TIPs, NIPs, and SIPs) based on the phylogenetic analysis. All the genes were located on 26 different scaffolds respectively on basis of the gene mapped to bamboo genome. Evolutionary analysis indicated that Ph. edulis was more close to Oryza sativa than Zea mays in the genetic relationship. Besides, qRT-PCR was used to analyze gene expression profiles, which revealed that AQP genes were expressed constitutively in all the detected tissues, and were all responsive to the environmental cues such as drought, water, and NaCl stresses. This data suggested that AQPs may play fundamental roles in maintaining normal growth and development of bamboo, which would contribute to better understanding for the complex regulation mechanism involved in the fast-growing process of bamboo. Furthermore, the result could provide valuable information for further research on bamboo functional genomics.
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26
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Cheng W, Song XS, Li HP, Cao LH, Sun K, Qiu XL, Xu YB, Yang P, Huang T, Zhang JB, Qu B, Liao YC. Host-induced gene silencing of an essential chitin synthase gene confers durable resistance to Fusarium head blight and seedling blight in wheat. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2015; 13:1335-45. [PMID: 25735638 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Fusarium head blight (FHB) and Fusarium seedling blight (FSB) of wheat, caused by Fusarium pathogens, are devastating diseases worldwide. We report the expression of RNA interference (RNAi) sequences derived from an essential Fusarium graminearum (Fg) virulence gene, chitin synthase (Chs) 3b, as a method to enhance resistance of wheat plants to fungal pathogens. Deletion of Chs3b was lethal to Fg; disruption of the other Chs gene family members generated knockout mutants with diverse impacts on Fg. Comparative expression analyses revealed that among the Chs gene family members, Chs3b had the highest expression levels during Fg colonization of wheat. Three hairpin RNAi constructs corresponding to the different regions of Chs3b were found to silence Chs3b in transgenic Fg strains. Co-expression of these three RNAi constructs in two independent elite wheat cultivar transgenic lines conferred high levels of stable, consistent resistance (combined type I and II resistance) to both FHB and FSB throughout the T3 to T5 generations. Confocal microscopy revealed profoundly restricted mycelia in Fg-infected transgenic wheat plants. Presence of the three specific short interfering RNAs in transgenic wheat plants was confirmed by Northern blotting, and these RNAs efficiently down-regulated Chs3b in the colonizing Fusarium pathogens on wheat seedlings and spikes. Our results demonstrate that host-induced gene silencing of an essential fungal chitin synthase gene is an effective strategy for enhancing resistance in crop plants under field test conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cheng
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory of Triticeae Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiu-Shi Song
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory of Triticeae Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - He-Ping Li
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory of Triticeae Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Le-Hui Cao
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory of Triticeae Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Sun
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory of Triticeae Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiao-Li Qiu
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory of Triticeae Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Bin Xu
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory of Triticeae Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Yang
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory of Triticeae Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Tao Huang
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory of Triticeae Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jing-Bo Zhang
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory of Triticeae Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Qu
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory of Triticeae Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu-Cai Liao
- Molecular Biotechnology Laboratory of Triticeae Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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27
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Maurel C, Boursiac Y, Luu DT, Santoni V, Shahzad Z, Verdoucq L. Aquaporins in Plants. Physiol Rev 2015; 95:1321-58. [DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00008.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 486] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins are membrane channels that facilitate the transport of water and small neutral molecules across biological membranes of most living organisms. In plants, aquaporins occur as multiple isoforms reflecting a high diversity of cellular localizations, transport selectivity, and regulation properties. Plant aquaporins are localized in the plasma membrane, endoplasmic reticulum, vacuoles, plastids and, in some species, in membrane compartments interacting with symbiotic organisms. Plant aquaporins can transport various physiological substrates in addition to water. Of particular relevance for plants is the transport of dissolved gases such as carbon dioxide and ammonia or metalloids such as boron and silicon. Structure-function studies are developed to address the molecular and cellular mechanisms of plant aquaporin gating and subcellular trafficking. Phosphorylation plays a central role in these two processes. These mechanisms allow aquaporin regulation in response to signaling intermediates such as cytosolic pH and calcium, and reactive oxygen species. Combined genetic and physiological approaches are now integrating this knowledge, showing that aquaporins play key roles in hydraulic regulation in roots and leaves, during drought but also in response to stimuli as diverse as flooding, nutrient availability, temperature, or light. A general hydraulic control of plant tissue expansion by aquaporins is emerging, and their role in key developmental processes (seed germination, emergence of lateral roots) has been established. Plants with genetically altered aquaporin functions are now tested for their ability to improve plant tolerance to stresses. In conclusion, research on aquaporins delineates ever expanding fields in plant integrative biology thereby establishing their crucial role in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Maurel
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, CNRS/INRA/Montpellier SupAgro/Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Yann Boursiac
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, CNRS/INRA/Montpellier SupAgro/Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Doan-Trung Luu
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, CNRS/INRA/Montpellier SupAgro/Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Véronique Santoni
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, CNRS/INRA/Montpellier SupAgro/Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Zaigham Shahzad
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, CNRS/INRA/Montpellier SupAgro/Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Lionel Verdoucq
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, CNRS/INRA/Montpellier SupAgro/Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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28
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Ariani A, Gepts P. Genome-wide identification and characterization of aquaporin gene family in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Mol Genet Genomics 2015; 290:1771-85. [PMID: 25846963 DOI: 10.1007/s00438-015-1038-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Plant aquaporins are a large and diverse family of water channel proteins that are essential for several physiological processes in living organisms. Numerous studies have linked plant aquaporins with a plethora of processes, such as nutrient acquisition, CO2 transport, plant growth and development, and response to abiotic stresses. However, little is known about this protein family in common bean. Here, we present a genome-wide identification of the aquaporin gene family in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), a legume crop essential for human nutrition. We identified 41 full-length coding aquaporin sequences in the common bean genome, divided by phylogenetic analysis into five sub-families (PIPs, TIPs, NIPs, SIPs and XIPs). Residues determining substrate specificity of aquaporins (i.e., NPA motifs and ar/R selectivity filter) seem conserved between common bean and other plant species, allowing inference of substrate specificity for these proteins. Thanks to the availability of RNA-sequencing datasets, expression levels in different organs and in leaves of wild and domesticated bean accessions were evaluated. Three aquaporins (PvTIP1;1, PvPIP2;4 and PvPIP1;2) have the overall highest mean expressions, with PvTIP1;1 having the highest expression among all aquaporins. We performed an EST database mining to identify drought-responsive aquaporins in common bean. This analysis showed a significant increase in expression for PvTIP1;1 in drought stress conditions compared to well-watered environments. The pivotal role suggested for PvTIP1;1 in regulating water homeostasis and drought stress response in the common bean should be verified by further field experimentation under drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ariani
- Department of Plant Sciences/MS1, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616-8780, USA.
| | - Paul Gepts
- Department of Plant Sciences/MS1, University of California, 1 Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616-8780, USA
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29
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Yin YX, Wang SB, Xiao HJ, Zhang HX, Zhang Z, Jing H, Zhang YL, Chen RG, Gong ZH. Overexpression of the CaTIP1-1 pepper gene in tobacco enhances resistance to osmotic stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:20101-16. [PMID: 25375192 PMCID: PMC4264158 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151120101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Revised: 10/27/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Both the gene expression and activity of water channel protein can control transmembrane water movement. We have reported the overexpression of CaTIP1-1, which caused a decrease in chilling tolerance in transgenic plants by increasing the size of the stomatal pore. CaTIP1-1 expression was strongly induced by salt and mannitol stresses in pepper (Capsicum annuum). However, its biochemical and physiological functions are still unknown in transgenic tobacco. In this study, transient expression of CaTIP1-1-GFP in tobacco suspension cells revealed that the protein was localized in the tonoplast. CaTIP1-1 overexpressed in radicle exhibited vigorous growth under high salt and mannitol treatments more than wild-type plants. The overexpression of CaTIP1-1 pepper gene in tobacco enhanced the antioxidant enzyme activities and increased transcription levels of reactive oxygen species-related gene expression under osmotic stresses. Moreover, the viability of transgenic tobacco cells was higher than the wild-type after exposure to stress. The pepper plants with silenced CaTIP1-1 in P70 decreased tolerance to salt and osmotic stresses using the detached leaf method. We concluded that the CaTIP1-1 gene plays an important role in response to osmotic stresses in tobacco.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Xu Yin
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Shu-Bin Wang
- Institute of Vegetable Crops, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210014, China.
| | - Huai-Juan Xiao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Huai-Xia Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Zhen Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Hua Jing
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Ying-Li Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Ru-Gang Chen
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Zhen-Hui Gong
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Sade N, Shatil-Cohen A, Attia Z, Maurel C, Boursiac Y, Kelly G, Granot D, Yaaran A, Lerner S, Moshelion M. The role of plasma membrane aquaporins in regulating the bundle sheath-mesophyll continuum and leaf hydraulics. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 166:1609-20. [PMID: 25266632 PMCID: PMC4226360 DOI: 10.1104/pp.114.248633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2014] [Accepted: 09/24/2014] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Our understanding of the cellular role of aquaporins (AQPs) in the regulation of whole-plant hydraulics, in general, and extravascular, radial hydraulic conductance in leaves (K(leaf)), in particular, is still fairly limited. We hypothesized that the AQPs of the vascular bundle sheath (BS) cells regulate K(leaf). To examine this hypothesis, AQP genes were silenced using artificial microRNAs that were expressed constitutively or specifically targeted to the BS. MicroRNA sequences were designed to target all five AQP genes from the PLASMA MEMBRANE-INTRINSIC PROTEIN1 (PIP1) subfamily. Our results show that the constitutively silenced PIP1 (35S promoter) plants had decreased PIP1 transcript and protein levels and decreased mesophyll and BS osmotic water permeability (P(f)), mesophyll conductance of CO2, photosynthesis, K(leaf), transpiration, and shoot biomass. Plants in which the PIP1 subfamily was silenced only in the BS (SCARECROW:microRNA plants) exhibited decreased mesophyll and BS Pf and decreased K(leaf) but no decreases in the rest of the parameters listed above, with the net result of increased shoot biomass. We excluded the possibility of SCARECROW promoter activity in the mesophyll. Hence, the fact that SCARECROW:microRNA mesophyll exhibited reduced P(f), but not reduced mesophyll conductance of CO2, suggests that the BS-mesophyll hydraulic continuum acts as a feed-forward control signal. The role of AQPs in the hierarchy of the hydraulic signal pathway controlling leaf water status under normal and limited-water conditions is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nir Sade
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (N.S., A.S.-C., Z.A., G.K., A.Y., S.L., M.M.);Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Unité Mixte de Recherche 0386, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier II, F-34060 Montpellier cedex 2, France (C.M., Y.B.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel (G.K., D.G.)
| | - Arava Shatil-Cohen
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (N.S., A.S.-C., Z.A., G.K., A.Y., S.L., M.M.);Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Unité Mixte de Recherche 0386, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier II, F-34060 Montpellier cedex 2, France (C.M., Y.B.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel (G.K., D.G.)
| | - Ziv Attia
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (N.S., A.S.-C., Z.A., G.K., A.Y., S.L., M.M.);Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Unité Mixte de Recherche 0386, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier II, F-34060 Montpellier cedex 2, France (C.M., Y.B.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel (G.K., D.G.)
| | - Christophe Maurel
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (N.S., A.S.-C., Z.A., G.K., A.Y., S.L., M.M.);Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Unité Mixte de Recherche 0386, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier II, F-34060 Montpellier cedex 2, France (C.M., Y.B.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel (G.K., D.G.)
| | - Yann Boursiac
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (N.S., A.S.-C., Z.A., G.K., A.Y., S.L., M.M.);Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Unité Mixte de Recherche 0386, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier II, F-34060 Montpellier cedex 2, France (C.M., Y.B.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel (G.K., D.G.)
| | - Gilor Kelly
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (N.S., A.S.-C., Z.A., G.K., A.Y., S.L., M.M.);Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Unité Mixte de Recherche 0386, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier II, F-34060 Montpellier cedex 2, France (C.M., Y.B.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel (G.K., D.G.)
| | - David Granot
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (N.S., A.S.-C., Z.A., G.K., A.Y., S.L., M.M.);Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Unité Mixte de Recherche 0386, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier II, F-34060 Montpellier cedex 2, France (C.M., Y.B.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel (G.K., D.G.)
| | - Adi Yaaran
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (N.S., A.S.-C., Z.A., G.K., A.Y., S.L., M.M.);Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Unité Mixte de Recherche 0386, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier II, F-34060 Montpellier cedex 2, France (C.M., Y.B.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel (G.K., D.G.)
| | - Stephen Lerner
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (N.S., A.S.-C., Z.A., G.K., A.Y., S.L., M.M.);Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Unité Mixte de Recherche 0386, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier II, F-34060 Montpellier cedex 2, France (C.M., Y.B.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel (G.K., D.G.)
| | - Menachem Moshelion
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (N.S., A.S.-C., Z.A., G.K., A.Y., S.L., M.M.);Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5004, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique/Unité Mixte de Recherche 0386, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier II, F-34060 Montpellier cedex 2, France (C.M., Y.B.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Bet Dagan 50250, Israel (G.K., D.G.)
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Sade D, Sade N, Shriki O, Lerner S, Gebremedhin A, Karavani A, Brotman Y, Osorio S, Fernie AR, Willmitzer L, Czosnek H, Moshelion M. Water Balance, Hormone Homeostasis, and Sugar Signaling Are All Involved in Tomato Resistance to Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 165:1684-1697. [PMID: 24989233 PMCID: PMC4119048 DOI: 10.1104/pp.114.243402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/01/2014] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Vacuolar water movement is largely controlled by membrane channels called tonoplast-intrinsic aquaporins (TIP-AQPs). Some TIP-AQP genes, such as TIP2;2 and TIP1;1, are up-regulated upon exposure to biotic stress. Moreover, TIP1;1 transcript levels are higher in leaves of a tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) line resistant to Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) than in those of a susceptible line with a similar genetic background. Virus-induced silencing of TIP1;1 in the tomato resistant line and the use of an Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) tip1;1 null mutant showed that resistance to TYLCV is severely compromised in the absence of TIP1:1. Constitutive expression of tomato TIP2;2 in transgenic TYLCV-susceptible tomato and Arabidopsis plants was correlated with increased TYLCV resistance, increased transpiration, decreased abscisic acid levels, and increased salicylic acid levels at the early stages of infection. We propose that TIP-AQPs affect the induction of leaf abscisic acid, which leads to increased levels of transpiration and gas exchange, as well as better salicylic acid signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagan Sade
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (D.S., N.S., O.S., S.L., A.G., A.K., H.C., M.M.); andMax Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany (Y.B., S.O., A.R.F., L.W.)
| | - Nir Sade
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (D.S., N.S., O.S., S.L., A.G., A.K., H.C., M.M.); andMax Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany (Y.B., S.O., A.R.F., L.W.)
| | - Oz Shriki
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (D.S., N.S., O.S., S.L., A.G., A.K., H.C., M.M.); andMax Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany (Y.B., S.O., A.R.F., L.W.)
| | - Stephen Lerner
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (D.S., N.S., O.S., S.L., A.G., A.K., H.C., M.M.); andMax Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany (Y.B., S.O., A.R.F., L.W.)
| | - Alem Gebremedhin
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (D.S., N.S., O.S., S.L., A.G., A.K., H.C., M.M.); andMax Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany (Y.B., S.O., A.R.F., L.W.)
| | - Asaf Karavani
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (D.S., N.S., O.S., S.L., A.G., A.K., H.C., M.M.); andMax Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany (Y.B., S.O., A.R.F., L.W.)
| | - Yariv Brotman
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (D.S., N.S., O.S., S.L., A.G., A.K., H.C., M.M.); andMax Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany (Y.B., S.O., A.R.F., L.W.)
| | - Sonia Osorio
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (D.S., N.S., O.S., S.L., A.G., A.K., H.C., M.M.); andMax Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany (Y.B., S.O., A.R.F., L.W.)
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (D.S., N.S., O.S., S.L., A.G., A.K., H.C., M.M.); andMax Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany (Y.B., S.O., A.R.F., L.W.)
| | - Lothar Willmitzer
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (D.S., N.S., O.S., S.L., A.G., A.K., H.C., M.M.); andMax Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany (Y.B., S.O., A.R.F., L.W.)
| | - Henryk Czosnek
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (D.S., N.S., O.S., S.L., A.G., A.K., H.C., M.M.); andMax Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany (Y.B., S.O., A.R.F., L.W.)
| | - Menachem Moshelion
- Institute of Plant Sciences and Genetics in Agriculture, The Robert H. Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot 76100, Israel (D.S., N.S., O.S., S.L., A.G., A.K., H.C., M.M.); andMax Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany (Y.B., S.O., A.R.F., L.W.)
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Martinez-Ballesta MDC, Carvajal M. New challenges in plant aquaporin biotechnology. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2014; 217-218:71-7. [PMID: 24467898 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2013.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances concerning genetic manipulation provide new perspectives regarding the improvement of the physiological responses in herbaceous and woody plants to abiotic stresses. The beneficial or negative effects of these manipulations on plant physiology are discussed, underlining the role of aquaporin isoforms as representative markers of water uptake and whole plant water status. Increasing water use efficiency and the promotion of plant water retention seem to be critical goals in the improvement of plant tolerance to abiotic stress. However, newly uncovered mechanisms, such as aquaporin functions and regulation, may be essential for the beneficial effects seen in plants overexpressing aquaporin genes. Under distinct stress conditions, differences in the phenotype of transgenic plants where aquaporins were manipulated need to be analyzed. In the development of nano-technologies for agricultural practices, multiple-walled carbon nanotubes promoted plant germination and cell growth. Their effects on aquaporins need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Micaela Carvajal
- Department of Plant Nutrition, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura - CSIC, Campus de Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain.
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Xu C, Wang M, Zhou L, Quan T, Xia G. Heterologous expression of the wheat aquaporin gene TaTIP2;2 compromises the abiotic stress tolerance of Arabidopsis thaliana. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79618. [PMID: 24223981 PMCID: PMC3817133 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins are channel proteins which transport water across cell membranes. We show that the bread wheat aquaporin gene TaTIP2;2 maps to the long arm of chromosome 7b and that its product localizes to the endomembrane system. The gene is expressed constitutively in both the root and the leaf, and is down-regulated by salinity and drought stress. Salinity stress induced an increased level of C-methylation within the CNG trinucleotides in the TaTIP2;2 promoter region. The heterologous expression of TaTIP2;2 in Arabidopsis thaliana compromised its drought and salinity tolerance, suggesting that TaTIP2;2 may be a negative regulator of abiotic stress. The proline content of transgenic A. thaliana plants fell, consistent with the down-regulation of P5CS1, while the expression of SOS1, SOS2, SOS3, CBF3 and DREB2A, which are all stress tolerance-related genes acting in an ABA-independent fashion, was also down-regulated. The supply of exogenous ABA had little effect either on TaTIP2;2 expression in wheat or on the phenotype of transgenic A. thaliana. The expression level of the ABA signalling genes ABI1, ABI2 and ABF3 remained unaltered in the transgenic A. thaliana plants. Thus TaTIP2;2 probably regulates the response to stress via an ABA-independent pathway(s).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Meng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Li Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Taiyong Quan
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guangmin Xia
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- * E-mail:
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Agati G, Brunetti C, Di Ferdinando M, Ferrini F, Pollastri S, Tattini M. Functional roles of flavonoids in photoprotection: new evidence, lessons from the past. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2013; 72:35-45. [PMID: 23583204 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 03/18/2013] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
We discuss on the relative significance of different functional roles potentially served by flavonoids in photoprotection, with special emphasis to their ability to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and control the development of individual organs and whole plant. We propose a model in which chloroplast-located flavonoids scavenge H2O2 and singlet oxygen generated under excess light-stress, thus avoiding programmed cell death. We also draw a picture in which vacuolar flavonoids in conjunction with peroxidases and ascorbic acid constitute a secondary antioxidant system aimed at detoxifying H2O2, which may diffuse out of the chloroplast at considerable rates and enter the vacuole following excess light stress-induced depletion of ascorbate peroxidase. We hypothesize for flavonols key roles as developmental regulators in early and current-day land-plants, based on their ability to modulate auxin movement and auxin catabolism. We show that antioxidant flavonoids display the greatest capacity to regulate key steps of cell growth and differentiation in eukaryotes. These regulatory functions of flavonoids, which are shared by plants and animals, are fully accomplished in the nM concentration range, as likely occurred in early land plants. We therefore conclude that functions of flavonoids as antioxidants and/or developmental regulators flavonoids are of great value in photoprotection. We also suggest that UV-B screening was just one of the multiple functions served by flavonoids when early land-plants faced an abrupt increase in sunlight irradiance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Agati
- Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Carrara', IFAC, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
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Liao F, Wang L, Yang LB, Zhang L, Peng X, Sun MX. Antisense oligodeoxynucleotide inhibition as an alternative and convenient method for gene function analysis in pollen tubes. PLoS One 2013; 8:e59112. [PMID: 23527102 PMCID: PMC3604054 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0059112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (A-ODN) inhibition works well in animal cells. However, there have been few successful examples to date of its application in plants, and more specifically whether the technique can be used in pollen tubes as a model of plant cell growth. NtGNL1 plays an important role in pollen tube development and was thus selected as an indicator to assess the biological effects of A-ODN. An A-ODN inhibition technique was used to down-regulate NtGNL1 expression in tobacco pollen tubes and showed that A-ODNs could quickly enter pollen tubes through the thick wall and cell membrane and effectively block NtGNL1 expression. Phenotype analysis revealed that the down-regulation of NtGNL1 by A-ODNs resulted in abnormalities in endocytosis and subsequent vesicle trafficking, similar to the phenotypes of pollen tubes treated with NtGNL1 RNAi. This investigation confirmed that A-ODNs could specifically inhibit target gene expression, and furthermore demonstrated that A-ODN functioned in a concentration- and duration-dependent manner, because A-ODNs could be degraded when incubated with pollen tubes. Thus, the A-ODN technique was successfully used for gene function analysis in pollen tubes and appears to be an alternative and convenient technique when the in vitro pollen tube is used as the study model. This technique will greatly facilitate investigations on the molecular mechanism(s) underlying pollen tube growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanglei Liao
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, China
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: (FL); (MXS)
| | - Lu Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li-Bo Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Liyao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiongbo Peng
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Meng-xiang Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- * E-mail: (FL); (MXS)
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Nunes FMF, Aleixo AC, Barchuk AR, Bomtorin AD, Grozinger CM, Simões ZLP. Non-Target Effects of Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP)-Derived Double-Stranded RNA (dsRNA-GFP) Used in Honey Bee RNA Interference (RNAi) Assays. INSECTS 2013; 4:90-103. [PMID: 26466797 PMCID: PMC4553431 DOI: 10.3390/insects4010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2012] [Revised: 12/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference has been frequently applied to modulate gene function in organisms where the production and maintenance of mutants is challenging, as in our model of study, the honey bee, Apis mellifera. A green fluorescent protein (GFP)-derived double-stranded RNA (dsRNA-GFP) is currently commonly used as control in honey bee RNAi experiments, since its gene does not exist in the A. mellifera genome. Although dsRNA-GFP is not expected to trigger RNAi responses in treated bees, undesirable effects on gene expression, pigmentation or developmental timing are often observed. Here, we performed three independent experiments using microarrays to examine the effect of dsRNA-GFP treatment (introduced by feeding) on global gene expression patterns in developing worker bees. Our data revealed that the expression of nearly 1,400 genes was altered in response to dsRNA-GFP, representing around 10% of known honey bee genes. Expression changes appear to be the result of both direct off-target effects and indirect downstream secondary effects; indeed, there were several instances of sequence similarity between putative siRNAs generated from the dsRNA-GFP construct and genes whose expression levels were altered. In general, the affected genes are involved in important developmental and metabolic processes associated with RNA processing and transport, hormone metabolism, immunity, response to external stimulus and to stress. These results suggest that multiple dsRNA controls should be employed in RNAi studies in honey bees. Furthermore, any RNAi studies involving these genes affected by dsRNA-GFP in our studies should use a different dsRNA control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis M F Nunes
- Departamento de Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil.
| | - Aline C Aleixo
- Departamento de Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil.
| | - Angel R Barchuk
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Tecidual e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, 37130-000, Brazil.
| | - Ana D Bomtorin
- Departamento de Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil.
| | - Christina M Grozinger
- Department of Entomology, Center for Pollinator Research, Huck Institutes of the Life Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, 16802, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Zilá L P Simões
- Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14040-901, Brazil.
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Agati G, Azzarello E, Pollastri S, Tattini M. Flavonoids as antioxidants in plants: location and functional significance. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2012; 196:67-76. [PMID: 23017900 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2012.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 876] [Impact Index Per Article: 73.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2012] [Revised: 07/28/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Stress-responsive dihydroxy B-ring-substituted flavonoids have great potential to inhibit the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reduce the levels of ROS once they are formed, i.e., to perform antioxidant functions. These flavonoids are located within or in the proximity of centers of ROS generation in severely stressed plants. Efficient mechanisms have been recently identified for the transport of flavonoids from the endoplasmic reticulum, the site of their biosynthesis, to different cellular compartments. The mechanism underlying flavonoid-mediated ROS reduction in plants is still unclear. 'Antioxidant' flavonoids are found in the chloroplast, which suggests a role as scavengers of singlet oxygen and stabilizers of the chloroplast outer envelope membrane. Dihydroxy B-ring substituted flavonoids are present in the nucleus of mesophyll cells and may inhibit ROS-generation making complexes with Fe and Cu ions. The genes that govern the biosynthesis of antioxidant flavonoids are present in liverworts and mosses and are mostly up-regulated as a consequence of severe stress. This suggests that the antioxidant flavonoid metabolism is a robust trait of terrestrial plants. Vacuolar dihydroxy B-ring flavonoids have been reported to serve as co-substrates for vacuolar peroxidases to reduce H(2)O(2) escape from the chloroplast, following the depletion of ascorbate peroxidase activity. Antioxidant flavonoids may effectively control key steps of cell growth and differentiation, thus acting regulating the development of the whole plant and individual organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Agati
- Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Istituto di Fisica Applicata 'Carrara', Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019 Sesto F. No, Firenze, Italy
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Li L, Ren F, Wei P, Chen Q, Chen J, Wang X. Identification of AtSM34, a novel tonoplast intrinsic protein-interacting polypeptide expressed in response to osmotic stress in germinating seedlings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-011-4793-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Besse M, Knipfer T, Miller AJ, Verdeil JL, Jahn TP, Fricke W. Developmental pattern of aquaporin expression in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) leaves. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2011; 62:4127-42. [PMID: 21737414 PMCID: PMC3153690 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/err175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Revised: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 05/04/2011] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins are multifunctional membrane channels which belong to the family of major intrinsic proteins (MIPs) and are best known for their ability to facilitate the movement of water. In the present study, earlier results from microarray experiments were followed up. These experiments had suggested that, in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), aquaporin family members are expressed in distinct patterns during leaf development. Real-time PCR and in situ hybridization were used to analyse the level and tissue-distribution of expression of candidate aquaporins, focusing on plasma membrane and tonoplast intrinsic proteins (PIPs, TIPs). Water channel function of seven aquaporins, whose transcripts were the most abundant and the most variable, was tested through expression in yeast and, in part, through expression in oocytes. All PIP1 and PIP2 subfamily members changed in expression during leaf development, with expression being much higher or lower in growing compared with mature tissue. The same applied to those TIPs which were expressed at detectable levels. Specific roles during leaf development are proposed for particular aquaporins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Besse
- UCD School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Science Centre West, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Thorsten Knipfer
- UCD School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Science Centre West, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Anthony J. Miller
- Centre for Soils and Ecosystem Function, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK
| | - Jean-Luc Verdeil
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement, CIRAD, UMR 1096, TA 96/02, Avenue Agropolis, F-34398 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
| | - Thomas P. Jahn
- Department of Agriculture and Ecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Wieland Fricke
- UCD School of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Science Centre West, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Knipfer T, Besse M, Verdeil JL, Fricke W. Aquaporin-facilitated water uptake in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) roots. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2011; 62:4115-26. [PMID: 21441404 PMCID: PMC3153672 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/err075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Revised: 02/21/2011] [Accepted: 02/22/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
It is not known to what degree aquaporin-facilitated water uptake differs between root developmental regions and types of root. The aim of this study was to measure aquaporin-dependent water flow in the main types of root and root developmental regions of 14- to 17-d-old barley plants and to identify candidate aquaporins which mediate this flow. Water flow at root level was related to flow at cell and plant level. Plants were grown hydroponically. Hydraulic conductivity of cells and roots was determined with a pressure probe and through exudation, respectively, and whole-plant water flow (transpiration) determined gravimetrically in response to the commonly used aquaporin inhibitor HgCl(2). Expression of aquaporins was analysed by real-time PCR and in situ hybridization. Hydraulic conductivity of cortical cells in seminal roots was largest in lateral roots; it was smallest in the fully mature zone and intermediate in the not fully mature 'transition' zone along the main root axis. Adventitious roots displayed an even higher (3- to 4-fold) cortical cell hydraulic conductivity in the transition zone. This coincided with 3- to 4-fold higher expression of three aquaporins (HvPIP2;2, HvPIP2;5, HvTIP1:1). These were expressed (also) in cortical tissue. The largest inhibition of water flow (83-95%) in response to HgCl(2) was observed in cortical cells. Water flow through roots and plants was reduced less (40-74%). It is concluded that aquaporins contribute substantially to root water uptake in 14- to 17-d-old barley plants. Most water uptake occurs through lateral roots. HvPIP2;5, HvPIP2;2, and HvTIP1;1 are prime candidates to mediate water flow in cortical tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Knipfer
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Science Centre West, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Matthieu Besse
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Science Centre West, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Jean-Luc Verdeil
- UMR Développement et Amélioration des Plantes, Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement/INRA/SupAgro-M/UM2, 34398 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Wieland Fricke
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Science Centre West, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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Plant Aquaporins: Roles in Water Homeostasis, Nutrition, and Signaling Processes. SIGNALING AND COMMUNICATION IN PLANTS 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-14369-4_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Soto G, Fox R, Ayub N, Alleva K, Guaimas F, Erijman EJ, Mazzella A, Amodeo G, Muschietti J. TIP5;1 is an aquaporin specifically targeted to pollen mitochondria and is probably involved in nitrogen remobilization in Arabidopsis thaliana. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2010; 64:1038-47. [PMID: 21143683 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2010.04395.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In plant sexual reproduction, water and solute movement are tightly regulated, suggesting the involvement of aquaporins. We previously identified TIP5;1 and TIP1;3 as the only Arabidopsis aquaporin genes that are selectively and highly expressed in mature pollen, and showed that they can transport both water and urea when expressed in Xenopus oocytes. Here, we show that TIP5;1 has unusual characteristics, as its water transport activity is regulated by pH. Analysis of the water transport activity of a mutant version of TIP5;1 (TIP5;1-H131A) and amino acid alignment with other plant aquaporins regulated by pH suggested that a conserved motif is involved in pH sensing. GFP-TIP5;1 is located in the mitochondria of pollen tubes. The single mutants tip1;3 and tip5;1, as well as the tip1;3 tip5;1 double mutant, are fertile, but all mutants had shorter than normal pollen tubes when germinated in vitro in the absence of exogenous nitrogen. Thus, we propose that TIP5;1 and TIP1;3 are involved in nitrogen recycling in pollen tubes of Arabidopsis thaliana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Soto
- Instituto de Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular (INGEBI-CONICET), Vuelta de Obligado 2490 Piso 2, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Hachez C, Chaumont F. Aquaporins: a family of highly regulated multifunctional channels. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2010; 679:1-17. [PMID: 20666220 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4419-6315-4_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) were discovered as channels facilitatingwater movement across cellular membranes. Whereas much of the research has focused on characterizing AQPs with respect to cell water homeostasis, recent discoveries in terms of the transport selectivity of AQP homologs has shed new light on their physiological roles. In fact, whereas some AQPs behave as "strict" water channels, others can conduct a wide range ofnonpolar solutes, such as urea or glycerol and even more unconventional permeants, such as the nonpolar gases carbon dioxide and nitric oxide, the polar gas ammonia, the reactive oxygen species hydrogen peroxide and the metalloids antimonite, arsenite, boron and silicon. This suggests that AQPs are also key players in various physiological processes not related to water homeostasis. The function, regulation and biological importance of AQPs in the different kingdoms is reviewed in this chapter, with special emphasis on animal and plant AQPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Hachez
- Institut des Sciences de la Vie, Universit4 catholique de Louvain, Croix du Sud 5-15, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Abstract
TIPs (tonoplast intrinsic proteins) have been traditionally used as markers for vacuolar identity in a variety of plant species and tissues. In the present article, we review recent attempts to compile a detailed map of TIP expression in Arabidopsis, in order to understand vacuolar identity and distribution in this model species. We discuss the general applicability of these findings. We also review the issue of the intracellular targeting of TIPs and propose key emerging questions relative to the cell biology of this protein family.
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45
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Park W, Scheffler BE, Bauer PJ, Campbell BT. Identification of the family of aquaporin genes and their expression in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2010; 10:142. [PMID: 20626869 PMCID: PMC3095289 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-10-142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2009] [Accepted: 07/13/2010] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is produced in over 30 countries and represents the most important natural fiber in the world. One of the primary factors affecting both the quantity and quality of cotton production is water. A major facilitator of water movement through cell membranes of cotton and other plants are the aquaporin proteins. Aquaporin proteins are present as diverse forms in plants, where they function as transport systems for water and other small molecules. The plant aquaporins belong to the large major intrinsic protein (MIP) family. In higher plants, they consist of five subfamilies including plasma membrane intrinsic proteins (PIP), tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIP), NOD26-like intrinsic proteins (NIP), small basic intrinsic proteins (SIP), and the recently discovered X intrinsic proteins (XIP). Although a great deal is known about aquaporins in plants, very little is known in cotton. RESULTS From a molecular cloning effort, together with a bioinformatic homology search, 71 upland cotton (G. hirsutum) aquaporin genes were identified. The cotton aquaporins consist of 28 PIP and 23 TIP members with high sequence similarity. We also identified 12 NIP and 7 SIP members that showed more divergence. In addition, one XIP member was identified that formed a distinct 5th subfamily. To explore the physiological roles of these aquaporin genes in cotton, expression analyses were performed for a select set of aquaporin genes from each subfamily using semi-quantitative reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. Our results suggest that many cotton aquaporin genes have high sequence similarity and diverse roles as evidenced by analysis of sequences and their expression. CONCLUSION This study presents a comprehensive identification of 71 cotton aquaporin genes. Phylogenetic analysis of amino acid sequences divided the large and highly similar multi-gene family into the known 5 aquaporin subfamilies. Together with expression and bioinformatic analyses, our results support the idea that the genes identified in this study represent an important genetic resource providing potential targets to modify the water use properties of cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonkeun Park
- USDA-ARS, Coastal Plains Soil, Water and Plant Research Center, 2611 West Lucas St., Florence, 29501, SC, USA
| | - Brian E Scheffler
- USDA-ARS, MSA Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Unit, 141 Experiment Station Rd., Stoneville, 38776, MS, USA
| | - Philip J Bauer
- USDA-ARS, Coastal Plains Soil, Water and Plant Research Center, 2611 West Lucas St., Florence, 29501, SC, USA
| | - B Todd Campbell
- USDA-ARS, Coastal Plains Soil, Water and Plant Research Center, 2611 West Lucas St., Florence, 29501, SC, USA
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Gattolin S, Sorieul M, Hunter PR, Khonsari RH, Frigerio L. In vivo imaging of the tonoplast intrinsic protein family in Arabidopsis roots. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2009; 9:133. [PMID: 19922653 PMCID: PMC2784467 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-9-133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2009] [Accepted: 11/18/2009] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIPs) are widely used as markers for vacuolar compartments in higher plants. Ten TIP isoforms are encoded by the Arabidopsis genome. For several isoforms, the tissue and cell specific pattern of expression are not known. RESULTS We generated fluorescent protein fusions to the genomic sequences of all members of the Arabidopsis TIP family whose expression is predicted to occur in root tissues (TIP1;1 and 1;2; TIP2;1, 2;2 and 2;3; TIP4;1) and expressed these fusions, both individually and in selected pairwise combinations, in transgenic Arabidopsis. Analysis by confocal microscopy revealed that TIP distribution varied between different cell layers within the root axis, with extensive co-expression of some TIPs and more restricted expression patterns for other isoforms. TIP isoforms whose expression overlapped appeared to localise to the tonoplast of the central vacuole, vacuolar bulbs and smaller, uncharacterised structures. CONCLUSION We have produced a comprehensive atlas of TIP expression in Arabidopsis roots, which reveals novel expression patterns for not previously studied TIPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Gattolin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Mathias Sorieul
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Paul R Hunter
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Roman H Khonsari
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Lorenzo Frigerio
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
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Nord-Larsen PH, Kichey T, Jahn TP, Jensen CS, Nielsen KK, Hegelund JN, Schjoerring JK. Cloning, characterization and expression analysis of tonoplast intrinsic proteins and glutamine synthetase in ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.). PLANT CELL REPORTS 2009; 28:1549-1562. [PMID: 19655146 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-009-0754-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2009] [Revised: 07/20/2009] [Accepted: 07/20/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is the most important turf and forage grass species of the temperate regions. It requires substantial input of nitrogen fertilizer for optimum yield. Improved nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) is therefore one of the main breeding targets. However, limited knowledge is currently available on the genes controlling NUE in perennial ryegrass. The aim of the present study was to isolate genes involved in ammonium transport and assimilation. In silico screening of a Lolium EST-library using known sequences of tonoplast intrinsic proteins (TIPs) and cytosolic glutamine synthetase (GS1) revealed a number of homologous sequences. Using these sequences, primers were designed to obtain the full-length sequences by RACE-PCR. Three TIP genes (LpTIP1;1, LpTIP1;2 and LpTIP2;1) and two GS genes (LpGS1a and LpGS1b) were isolated. Characterization in S. cerevisiae confirmed a function in ammonium transport for LpTIP1;1 and LpTIP2;1 and in synthesis of glutamine for LpGS1a and LpGS1b. Cytoimmunochemical studies showed that GS protein was present in the chloroplasts and cytosol of leaf cells, while TIP1 proteins localized to the tonoplast. At the expression level, Lolium GS1 genes responded to N starvation and re-supply in a manner consistent with functions in primary N assimilation and N remobilization. Similarly, the expression of LpTIPs complied with a role in vacuolar ammonium storage. Together, the reported results provide new understanding of the genetic basis for N assimilation and storage in ryegrass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia H Nord-Larsen
- Plant and Soil Science Laboratory, Department of Agriculture and Ecology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
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Ludewig U, Dynowski M. Plant aquaporin selectivity: where transport assays, computer simulations and physiology meet. Cell Mol Life Sci 2009; 66:3161-75. [PMID: 19565186 PMCID: PMC11115745 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-009-0075-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2009] [Revised: 06/08/2009] [Accepted: 06/10/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Plants contain a large number of aquaporins with different selectivity. These channels generally conduct water, but some additionally conduct NH(3), CO(2) and/or H(2)O(2). The experimental evidence and molecular basis for the transport of a given solute, the validation with molecular dynamics simulations and the physiological impact of the selectivity are reviewed here. The aromatic/arginine (ar/R) constriction is most important for solute selection, but the exact pore requirements for efficient conduction of small solutes remain difficult to predict. Yeast growth assays are valuable for screening substrate selectivity and are explicitly shown for hydrogen peroxide and methylamine, a transport analog of ammonia. Independent assays need to address the relevance of different substrates for each channel in its physiological context. This is emphasized by the fact that several plant NIP channels, which conduct several solutes, are specifically involved in the transport of metalloids, such as silicic acid, arsenite, or boric acid in planta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uwe Ludewig
- Institute of Botany, Darmstadt University of Technology, Schnittspahnstr. 10, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany.
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Wudick MM, Luu DT, Maurel C. A look inside: localization patterns and functions of intracellular plant aquaporins. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2009; 184:289-302. [PMID: 19674338 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02985.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins form a superfamily of intrinsic channel proteins in the plasma and intracellular membranes of plant cells. While a lot of research effort has substantiated the importance of plasma membrane aquaporins for the regulation of plant water homeostasis, comparably little is known about the function of intracellular aquaporins. Yet, various low-molecular-weight compounds, in addition to water, were recently shown to permeate some of these aquaporins. In this review, we examine the diversity of transport properties and localization patterns of intracellular aquaporins. The discussed profiles include, for example, water and ammonia transport across the tonoplast or CO2 transport through the chloroplast envelope. Furthermore, we try to assess to what extent the diverse aquaporin distribution patterns, in relation to the high degree of compartmentation of plant cells, can be linked to a wide range of cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael M Wudick
- Biochimie et physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes, UMR 5004 CNRS/UMR 0386 INRA/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier 2, F-34060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France
| | - Doan-Trung Luu
- Biochimie et physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes, UMR 5004 CNRS/UMR 0386 INRA/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier 2, F-34060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France
| | - Christophe Maurel
- Biochimie et physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes, Institut de Biologie Intégrative des Plantes, UMR 5004 CNRS/UMR 0386 INRA/Montpellier SupAgro/Université Montpellier 2, F-34060 Montpellier Cedex 2, France
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50
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Aquaporins are multifunctional water and solute transporters highly divergent in living organisms. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2009; 1788:1213-28. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2009.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 310] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2008] [Revised: 03/09/2009] [Accepted: 03/11/2009] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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