1
|
Tembhurne AK, Maheshwari A, Warke H, Chaudhari H, Kerkar SC, Deodhar K, Rekhi B, Mania-Pramanik J. Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) gene contents: Are they associated with cervical cancer? J Med Virol 2023; 95:e27873. [PMID: 35593263 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are required for natural killer cell function against virus-infected cells or tumor cells. KIR gene content polymorphisms in Indian women with cervical cancer (CaCx) remain unexplored. Hence, we analyzed the frequencies of KIR genes, KIR haplotypes, and Bx subsets to draw their association with CaCx. The polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific primer method was used for KIR genotyping in three groups of women: healthy controls (n = 114), women with human papillomavirus (HPV) infection (n = 70), and women with CaCx (n = 120). The results showed that the frequency of KIR2DS5 was significantly higher in women with CaCx compared to women with HPV infection (p = 0.02) and healthy controls (p = 0.01). Whereas the frequency of KIR2DL5B was significantly higher in healthy controls than in women with HPV infection (p = 0.02). The total number of activating KIR genes was higher in women with CaCx than in healthy controls (p = 0.006), indicating their positive association with CaCx. Moreover, the C4T4 subset was higher in women with CaCx than in women with HPV infection, though not significant. In conclusion, our findings highlight KIR2DS5, the C4T4 subset, and activating KIR genes are susceptible factors or positively associated with CaCx. Besides KIR2DL5B, this study also reported for the first time significantly high frequency of KIR2DL1 in healthy controls, indicating its possible protective association against CaCx. Further, significantly high frequency of KIR2DL3 observed in HPV-infected women might be also a promising biomarker for viral infections. Thus, the study confirms the association of KIR genes with cervical cancer in women with HPV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alok K Tembhurne
- ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | | | - Himangi Warke
- Seth GS Medical College and King Edward Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Hemangi Chaudhari
- Seth GS Medical College and King Edward Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - Shilpa C Kerkar
- ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Killer-Cell Immunoglobulin-like Receptor Diversity in an Admixed South American Population. Cells 2022; 11:cells11182776. [PMID: 36139351 PMCID: PMC9496851 DOI: 10.3390/cells11182776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells are innate immune cells that mediate antiviral and antitumor responses. NK cell activation and induction of effector functions are tightly regulated by the integration of activating and inhibitory receptors such as killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR). KIR genes are characterized by a high degree of diversity due to presence or absence, gene copy number and allelic polymorphism. The aim of this study was to establish the distribution of KIR genes and genotypes, to infer the most common haplotypes in an admixed Colombian population and to compare these KIR gene frequencies with some Central and South American populations and worldwide. A total of 161 individuals from Medellin, Colombia were included in the study. Genomic DNA was used for KIR and HLA genotyping. We analyzed only KIR gene-content (presence or absence) based on PCR-SSO. The KIR genotype, most common haplotypes and combinations of KIR and HLA ligands frequencies were estimated according to the presence or absence of KIR and HLA genes. Dendrograms, principal component (PC) analysis and Heatmap analysis based on genetic distance were constructed to compare KIR gene frequencies among Central and South American, worldwide and Amerindian populations. The 16 KIR genes analyzed were distributed in 37 different genotypes and the 7 most frequent KIR inferred haplotypes. Importantly, we found three new genotypes not previously reported in any other ethnic group. Our genetic distance, PC and Heatmap analysis revealed marked differences in the distribution of KIR gene frequencies in the Medellin population compared to worldwide populations. These differences occurred mainly in the activating KIR isoforms, which are more frequent in our population, particularly KIR3DS1. Finally, we observed unique structural patterns of genotypes, which evidences the potential diversity and variability of this gene family in our population, and the need for exhaustive genetic studies to expand our understanding of the KIR gene complex in Colombian populations.
Collapse
|
3
|
Tao S, He Y, Kichula KM, Wang J, He J, Norman PJ, Zhu F. High-Resolution Analysis Identifies High Frequency of KIR-A Haplotypes and Inhibitory Interactions of KIR With HLA Class I in Zhejiang Han. Front Immunol 2021; 12:640334. [PMID: 33995358 PMCID: PMC8121542 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.640334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) interact with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules, modulating critical NK cell functions in the maintenance of human health. Characterizing the distribution and characteristics of KIR and HLA allotype diversity across defined human populations is thus essential for understanding the multiple associations with disease, and for directing therapies. In this study of 176 Zhejiang Han individuals from Southeastern China, we describe diversity of the highly polymorphic KIR and HLA class I genes at high resolution. KIR-A haplotypes, which carry four inhibitory receptors specific for HLA-A, B or C, are known to associate with protection from infection and some cancers. We show the Chinese Southern Han from Zhejiang are characterized by a high frequency of KIR-A haplotypes and a high frequency of C1 KIR ligands. Accordingly, interactions of inhibitory KIR2DL3 with C1+HLA are more frequent in Zhejiang Han than populations outside East Asia. Zhejiang Han exhibit greater diversity of inhibitory than activating KIR, with three-domain inhibitory KIR exhibiting the greatest degree of polymorphism. As distinguished by gene copy number and allele content, 54 centromeric and 37 telomeric haplotypes were observed. We observed 6% of the population to have KIR haplotypes containing large-scale duplications or deletions that include complete genes. A unique truncated haplotype containing only KIR2DL4 in the telomeric region was also identified. An additional feature is the high frequency of HLA-B*46:01, which may have arisen due to selection pressure from infectious disease. This study will provide further insight into the role of KIR and HLA polymorphism in disease susceptibility of Zhejiang Chinese.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sudan Tao
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanmin He
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Katherine M. Kichula
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, and Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Jielin Wang
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ji He
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Paul J. Norman
- Division of Biomedical Informatics and Personalized Medicine, and Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Faming Zhu
- Blood Center of Zhejiang Province, Key Laboratory of Blood Safety Research of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hanis Zainal Abidin NW, Mohd Nor N, Sundararajulu P, Zafarina Z. Understanding the genetic history of Malay populations in Peninsular Malaysia via KIR genes diversity. Am J Hum Biol 2020; 33:e23545. [PMID: 33289243 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.23545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes with high polymorphism at genotypic levels are important in providing immune defense and have been expanded towards human population genetics. The aim of this study is to provide supporting information from this new biomarker to strengthen the comprehension of genetic history of the complex Malay population. METHODS KIR genotyping for 213 unadmixed Malay individuals from six subethnic groups (Acheh, Bugis, Champa, Mandailing, Minang and Kedah) was carried out using PCR-SSP (sequence specific primers) method in 16 independent reactions. RESULTS The most frequent KIR genotype observed is AA1, followed by AB4 and AB5. Five genotypes; AA1, AB4, AB5, AB7 and AB8 were shared among all Malay subethnic groups. The highest frequency of KIR haplotype A was observed in Minang Malays, whereas Acheh and Kedah Malays carry a balanced distribution of A and B KIR haplotypes. PCA for the KIR genes clearly illustrated six ethnogeographical population clusters; Africans, Amerindian, Northeast Asian, South Asian, Oceania and Southeast Asian populations. All six Malay subethnic groups fell within the Southeast Asian cluster. CONCLUSIONS The complex array of KIR genotypes observed in the Malays indicates their historical interactions with various populations, especially with the Chinese, Indians and Orang Asli. This study has demonstrated the potential of KIR genes as a genetic marker for deducing population structure and genetic relationship between populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Norazmi Mohd Nor
- Human Identification/DNA Unit, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Panneerchelvam Sundararajulu
- Human Identification/DNA Unit, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Zainuddin Zafarina
- Analytical Biochemistry Research Centre, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, USM, Penang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bao X, Hanson AL, Madeleine MM, Wang SS, Schwartz SM, Newell F, Pettersson-Kymmer U, Hemminki K, Tiews S, Steinberg W, Rader JS, Castro F, Safaeian M, Franco EL, Coutlée F, Ohlsson C, Cortes A, Marshall M, Mukhopadhyay P, Cremin K, Johnson LG, Garland SM, Tabrizi SN, Wentzensen N, Sitas F, Trimble C, Little J, Cruickshank M, Frazer IH, Hildesheim A, Brown MA, Duncan EL, Sun YP, Leo PJ. HLA and KIR Associations of Cervical Neoplasia. J Infect Dis 2019; 218:2006-2015. [PMID: 30099516 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women, and we recently reported human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles showing strong associations with cervical neoplasia risk and protection. HLA ligands are recognized by killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) expressed on a range of immune cell subsets, governing their proinflammatory activity. We hypothesized that the inheritance of particular HLA-KIR combinations would increase cervical neoplasia risk. Methods Here, we used HLA and KIR dosages imputed from single-nucleotide polymorphism genotype data from 2143 cervical neoplasia cases and 13858 healthy controls of European decent. Results The following 4 novel HLA alleles were identified in association with cervical neoplasia, owing to their linkage disequilibrium with known cervical neoplasia-associated HLA-DRB1 alleles: HLA-DRB3*9901 (odds ratio [OR], 1.24; P = 2.49 × 10-9), HLA-DRB5*0101 (OR, 1.29; P = 2.26 × 10-8), HLA-DRB5*9901 (OR, 0.77; P = 1.90 × 10-9), and HLA-DRB3*0301 (OR, 0.63; P = 4.06 × 10-5). We also found that homozygosity of HLA-C1 group alleles is a protective factor for human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16)-related cervical neoplasia (C1/C1; OR, 0.79; P = .005). This protective association was restricted to carriers of either KIR2DL2 (OR, 0.67; P = .00045) or KIR2DS2 (OR, 0.69; P = .0006). Conclusions Our findings suggest that HLA-C1 group alleles play a role in protecting against HPV16-related cervical neoplasia, mainly through a KIR-mediated mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Bao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology
| | - Aimee L Hanson
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland.,Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland.,Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba
| | - Margaret M Madeleine
- Program in Epidemiology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Sophia S Wang
- Department of Population Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, California
| | - Stephen M Schwartz
- Program in Epidemiology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Felicity Newell
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology
| | - Ulrika Pettersson-Kymmer
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience.,Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå
| | - Kari Hemminki
- Center for Primary Health Care Research, Lund University, Lund.,Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg
| | - Sven Tiews
- MHC Laboratory for Cytopathology, Dr Steinberg, Soest, Germany
| | | | - Janet S Rader
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee
| | - Felipe Castro
- Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg.,Division of Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg
| | - Mahboobeh Safaeian
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda
| | | | - François Coutlée
- Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Claes Ohlsson
- Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Center for Bone and Arthritis Research, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Adrian Cortes
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland
| | - Mhairi Marshall
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology
| | | | - Katie Cremin
- University of Queensland Diamantina Institute, University of Queensland
| | - Lisa G Johnson
- Program in Epidemiology, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Suzanne M Garland
- Western Pacific Regional Human Papillomavirus Laboratory Network, Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville
| | - Sepehr N Tabrizi
- Western Pacific Regional Human Papillomavirus Laboratory Network, Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda
| | - Freddy Sitas
- Cancer Council NSW, Sydney.,Sydney School of Public Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown.,School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington, Australia
| | - Cornelia Trimble
- Center for Cervical Dysplasia, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Julian Little
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | | | - Ian H Frazer
- Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Queensland.,Translational Research Institute, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba
| | - Allan Hildesheim
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda
| | - Matthew A Brown
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology
| | - Emma L Duncan
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology
| | - Ying Pu Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China.,Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, China
| | - Paul J Leo
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
He Y, Bunn PA, Zhou C, Chan D. KIR 2D (L1, L3, L4, S4) and KIR 3DL1 protein expression in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 7:82104-82111. [PMID: 27893413 PMCID: PMC5347678 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nature killer (NK) cells are the immune system's first line of defense against both viral infections and tumors. Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are associated with susceptibility to different types of cancers. We investigated KIR 2D (L1, L3, L4, S4) and KIR 3DL1 protein expression and their association with survival in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods The expression of KIR 2D (L1, L3, L4, S4) (BC032422/ ADQ31987/ NP_002246/ NP_036446, ABCAM) and KIR 3DL1 (AA 1-444, ABCAM) protein was assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in 62 NSCLC patients. Results KIR 2D (L1, L3, L4, S4) and KIR 3DL1 were expressed both on NSCLC tumor cells and tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs). Fourteen samples (22.6%) stained positive for KIR 2D (L1, L3, L4, S4) on the tumor cells, and 10 (16.1%) had positive expression on the TILs. Thirty-three samples (53.2%) stained positive for KIR 3DL1 on the tumor cells, and 31 (50.0%) had positive expression on the TILs. Patients with negative KIR 2D (L1, L3, L4, S4) expression on tumor cells or TILs had longer overall survival (OS) than patients who are KIR 2D (L1, L3, L4, S4) positive on tumor cells (40.70 weeks, 95% CI 24.76-56.65 vs. 7.10 weeks, 95% CI 0.00-19.38, P = 0.014) or TILs (40.70 weeks, 95% CI 24.05-57.35 vs. 3.90 weeks, 95% CI 0.00-9.17, P < 0.001). Likewise, longer OS was significantly correlated with negative expression of KIR 3DL1 on tumor cells (62.30 weeks, 95% CI 0.00-177.37 vs. 13.10 weeks, 95% CI 3.42-22.78, P < 0.001) or TILs (62.30 weeks, 95% CI 0.00-152.05 vs. 12.10 weeks, 95% CI 2.61-21.59, P < 0.001). Cox regression analysis showed that KIR 2D (L1, L3, L4, S4) on TILs was correlated with OS (P = 0.032, Odds Ratio 2.628 95%CI 1.089-6.340). Conclusions KIR 2D (L1, L3, L4, S4) and KIR 3DL1 expression was correlated with poor prognosis in NSCLC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yayi He
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Paul A Bunn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Caicun Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University Medical School Cancer Institute, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Chan
- Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bari R, Thapa R, Bao J, Li Y, Zheng J, Leung W. KIR2DL2/2DL3-E(35) alleles are functionally stronger than -Q(35) alleles. Sci Rep 2016; 6:23689. [PMID: 27030405 PMCID: PMC4814820 DOI: 10.1038/srep23689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
KIR2DL2 and KIR2DL3 segregate as alleles of a single locus in the centromeric motif of the killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) gene family. Although KIR2DL2/L3 polymorphism is known to be associated with many human diseases and is an important factor for donor selection in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the molecular determinant of functional diversity among various alleles is unclear. In this study we found that KIR2DL2/L3 with glutamic acid at position 35 (E35) are functionally stronger than those with glutamine at the same position (Q35). Cytotoxicity assay showed that NK cells from HLA-C1 positive donors with KIR2DL2/L3-E35 could kill more target cells lacking their ligands than NK cells with the weaker -Q35 alleles, indicating better licensing of KIR2DL2/L3+ NK cells with the stronger alleles. Molecular modeling analysis reveals that the glutamic acid, which is negatively charged, interacts with positively charged histidine located at position 55, thereby stabilizing KIR2DL2/L3 dimer and reducing entropy loss when KIR2DL2/3 binds to HLA-C ligand. The results of this study will be important for future studies of KIR2DL2/L3-associated diseases as well as for donor selection in allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafijul Bari
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Rajoo Thapa
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ju Bao
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Ying Li
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Structural Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Wing Leung
- Department of Bone Marrow Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Goedert JJ, Martin MP, Vitale F, Lauria C, Whitby D, Qi Y, Gao X, Carrington M. Risk of Classic Kaposi Sarcoma With Combinations of Killer Immunoglobulin-Like Receptor and Human Leukocyte Antigen Loci: A Population-Based Case-control Study. J Infect Dis 2016; 213:432-8. [PMID: 26268853 PMCID: PMC4719589 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiv413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is a complication of KS-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) infection. Other oncogenic viral infections and malignancies are associated with certain HLA alleles and their natural killer (NK) cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) ligands. We tested whether HLA-KIR influences the risk of KSHV infection or KS. METHODS In population-based case-control studies, we compared HLA class I and KIR gene frequencies in 250 classic (non-AIDS) KS cases, 280 KSHV-seropositive controls, and 576 KSHV-seronegative controls composing discovery and validation cohorts. Logistic regression was used to calculate sex- and age-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS In both the discovery and validation cohorts, KS was associated with HLA-A*11:01 (adjusted OR for the combined cohorts, 0.4; P = .002) and HLA-C*07:01 (adjusted OR, 1.6; P = .002). Consistent associations across cohorts were also observed with activating KIR3DS1 plus HLA-B Bw4-80I and homozygosity for HLA-C group 1. With KIR3DS1 plus HLA-B Bw4-80I, the KSHV seroprevalence was 40% lower (adjusted OR for the combined cohorts, 0.6; P = .01), but the KS risk was 2-fold higher (adjusted OR, 2.1; P = .002). Similarly, the KSHV seroprevalence was 40% lower (adjusted OR, 0.6; P = .01) but the KS risk 80% higher with HLA-C group 1 homozygosity (adjusted OR, 1.8; P = .005). CONCLUSIONS KIR-mediated NK cell activation may decrease then risk of KSHV infection but enhance KSHV dissemination and progression to KS if infection occurs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James J Goedert
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute
| | - Maureen P Martin
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Francesco Vitale
- Dipartimento di Igiene e Microbiologia Giuseppe D'Alessandro, Universitá degli Studi di Palermo
| | - Carmela Lauria
- Lega Italiana per la Lotta Contro i Tumori-Sez Ragusa, Italy
| | - Denise Whitby
- Viral Oncology Section, AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Maryland
| | - Ying Qi
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Xiaojiang Gao
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| | - Mary Carrington
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Giebel S, Boratyn-Nowicka A, Karabon L, Jedynak A, Pamula-Pilat J, Tecza K, Kula D, Kowal M, Frydecka I, Grzybowska E. Associations between genes for killer immunoglobulin-like receptors and their ligands in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. Hum Immunol 2014; 75:508-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2014.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Revised: 01/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
10
|
Song MJ, Lee CW, Kim JH, Lee SJ, Kim CJ, Hur SY, Park TC, Kim TG, Park JS. Association of KIR genes and HLA-C alleles with HPV-related uterine cervical disease in Korean women. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 81:164-70. [PMID: 23398510 DOI: 10.1111/tan.12068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2011] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated whether killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes and human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-C alleles, receptors and ligands of natural killer cells are associated with the development of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cervical disease in Korean women. Blood samples from 132 women with HPV-related cervical disease and 159 women without HPV infection were collected for genotyping of KIR genes and HLA-C alleles. Although no relationship was found between KIR genes and HPV-related cervical disease, a significant relationship was found between HLA-C alleles as ligands of KIR and HPV-related cervical disease. Women with HPV-related cervical disease were found to be significantly more likely to carry HLA-C*0303, particularly those with HPV 16 or 18 infection, and less likely to carry HLA-C*01 compared to women without HPV infection. HLA-C*0303 was found to confer susceptibility to HPV-related cervical disease, whereas HLA-C*01 was found to confer a protective effect against HPV-related cervical disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Song
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seocho-gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Brestovac B, Wong ME, Tjendera R, Costantino PJ, Mamotte C, Witt CS. Human papillomavirus, high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and killer immunoglogulin-like receptors: a Western Australian cohort study. Infect Agent Cancer 2013; 8:33. [PMID: 24011088 PMCID: PMC3846821 DOI: 10.1186/1750-9378-8-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the causative agent in cervical cancer and HPV genotypes 16 and 18 cause the majority of these cancers. Natural killer (NK) cells destroy virally infected and tumour cells via killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) that recognize decreased MHC class I expression. These NK cells may contribute to clearance of HPV infected and/or dysplastic cells, however since KIR controls NK cell activity, KIR gene variation may determine outcome of infection. Methods KIR gene frequencies were compared between 147 patients with a history of high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and a control population of 187, to determine if any KIR genes are associated with high-grade CIN. In addition a comparison was also made between cases of high grade CIN derived from 30 patients infected with HPV 16/18 and 29 patients infected with non-16/18 HPV to determine if KIR variation contributes to the disproportional carcinogenesis derived from HPV 16/18 infection. Results High-grade CIN was weakly associated with the absence of KIR2DL2 and KIR2DS2 (p = 0.046 and 0.049 respectively, OR 0.6; 95% CI 0.4 – 0.9) but this association was lost after correction for multi-gene statistical analysis. No difference in KIR gene frequencies was found between high-grade CIN caused by HPV 16/18 and non-16/18. Conclusion No strong association between KIR genes, high-grade CIN and HPV genotype was found in the Western Australian population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian Brestovac
- School of Biomedical Sciences, CHIRI Biosciences Research Precinct, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cariani E, Pilli M, Zerbini A, Rota C, Olivani A, Zanelli P, Zanetti A, Trenti T, Ferrari C, Missale G. HLA and killer immunoglobulin-like receptor genes as outcome predictors of hepatitis C virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19:5465-73. [PMID: 23938290 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-0986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated the impact of the killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) of natural killer (NK) cells and of their HLA ligands over the clinical outcome of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma after curative treatment by either surgical resection or radiofrequency thermal ablation (RTA). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Sixty-one consecutive patients with HCV-related hepatocellular carcinoma underwent KIR genotyping and HLA typing. A phenotypic/functional characterization of NK cells was carried out in patients with different KIR/KIR-ligand genotype. RESULTS Activating KIR2DS5 was associated with significantly longer time to recurrence (TTR) and overall survival (OS; P < 0.03 each). Homozygous HLA-C1 (P < 0.02) and HLA-Bw4I80 (P < 0.05) were expressed by patients with significantly better OS, whereas HLA-C2 (P < 0.02) and HLA-Bw4T80 (P < 0.01) were associated with a worse OS. Multivariate analysis identified as parameters independently related to TTR the type of treatment (surgical resection vs. RTA; P < 0.03) and HLA-C1 (P < 0.03), whereas only KIR2DS5 was an independent predictor of longer OS (P < 0.05). Compound KIR2DL2-C1 and KIR3DS1-Bw4T80 genotypes were associated with better TTR (P < 0.03) and worse OS (P = 0.02), respectively. A prevalent cytotoxic (CD56(dim)) NK phenotype was detected in patients with both longer TTR and OS. Cytotoxic capacity measured by upregulation of CD107a was significantly higher in subjects with HLA-C1 alone or combined with KIR2DL2/KIR2DL3. CONCLUSIONS These results support a central role of NK cells in the immune response against hepatocellular carcinoma, providing a strong rationale for therapeutic strategies enhancing NK response and for individualized posttreatment monitoring schemes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Cariani
- Authors' Affiliations: Clinical Pathology-Toxicology, Ospedale S. Agostino-Estense, Modena; U.O. Infectious Diseases and Hepatology; U.O. Medical Genetics, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Parma, Parma, Italy; and Clinical Immunology, Allergy and Advanced Biotechnologies Unit, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliera ASMN, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
The association of the immune response genes to human papillomavirus-related cervical disease in a Brazilian population. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:146079. [PMID: 23936772 PMCID: PMC3722781 DOI: 10.1155/2013/146079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2013] [Revised: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 06/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The genetic variability of the host contributes to the risk of human papillomavirus (HPV)-related cervical disease. Immune response genes to HPV must be investigated to define patients with the highest risk of developing malignant disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of polymorphic immune response genes, namely KIR, HLA class I and II, and single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of cytokines with HPV-related cervical disease. We selected 79 non-related, admixed Brazilian women from the state of Paraná, southern region of Brazil, who were infected with high carcinogenic risk HPV and present cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3), and 150 HPV-negative women from the same region matched for ethnicity. KIR genes were genotyped using an in-house PCR-SSP. HLA alleles were typed using a reverse sequence-specific oligonucleotide technique. SNPs of TNF −308G>A, IL6 −174G>C, IFNG +874T>A, TGFB1 +869T>C +915G>C, and IL10 −592C>A −819C>T −1082G>A were evaluated using PCR-SSP. The KIR genes were not associated with HPV, although some pairs of i(inhibitory)KIR-ligands occurred more frequently in patients, supporting a role for NK in detrimental chronic inflammatory and carcinogenesis. Some HLA haplotypes were associated with HPV. The associations of INFG and IL10 SNPs potentially reflect impaired or invalid responses in advanced lesions.
Collapse
|
14
|
Translational potential into health care of basic genomic and genetic findings for human immunodeficiency virus, Chlamydia trachomatis, and human papilloma virus. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:892106. [PMID: 23781508 PMCID: PMC3676999 DOI: 10.1155/2013/892106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2013] [Revised: 05/01/2013] [Accepted: 05/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Individual variations in susceptibility to an infection as well as in the clinical course of the infection can be explained by pathogen related factors, environmental factors, and host genetic differences. In this paper we review the state-of-the-art basic host genomic and genetic findings' translational potential of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), and Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) into applications in public health, especially in diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of complications of these infectious diseases. There is a significant amount of knowledge about genetic variants having a positive or negative influence on the course and outcome of HIV infection. In the field of Chlamydia trachomatis, genomic advances hold the promise of a more accurate subfertility prediction test based on single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). In HPV research, recent developments in early diagnosis of infection-induced cervical cancer are based on methylation tests. Indeed, triage based on methylation markers might be a step forward in a more effective stratification of women at risk for cervical cancer. Our review found an imbalance between the number of host genetic variants with a role in modulating the immune response and the number of practical genomic applications developed thanks to this knowledge.
Collapse
|
15
|
Matusiak Ł, Białynicki-Birula R, Szepietowski JC. Emerging role for the killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptors genotype, in the susceptibility of skin diseases. J Dermatol Sci 2013; 71:3-11. [PMID: 23642663 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2013.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Revised: 03/09/2013] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
NK cells are a major group of immune cells responsible for the phenomenon of natural, innate cytotoxicity. One of the better studied receptors of human NK cells are killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR) responsible for checking the presence of MHC class I molecules, which serve as their ligands. Although previously treated as specific for NK cells, nowadays these receptors are known to also occur on T cells. Genetics of KIR molecules is very complicated, what create a great variability of haplotypes in various populations world-wide. In addition, some KIR are known to recognize HLA-C (epitopes C1 or C2), HLA-B (Bw4) or HLA-A (A3 and/or A11) molecules. Therefore, this makes a huge diversity of reactions among individuals, depending on the presence or absence of given KIR and their ligands, hence differential susceptibility to several diseases, including various dermatoses. This paper underlines the important role of both KIR genotypes and HLA class I genes with reference to the various skin diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Matusiak
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology of Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kuśnierczyk P. Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor gene associations with autoimmune and allergic diseases, recurrent spontaneous abortion, and neoplasms. Front Immunol 2013; 4:8. [PMID: 23372569 PMCID: PMC3557723 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Accepted: 01/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are a family of cell surface inhibitory or activating receptors expressed on natural killer cells and some subpopulations of T lymphocytes. KIR genes are clustered in the 19q13.4 region and are characterized by both allelic (high numbers of variants) and haplotypic (different numbers of genes for inhibitory and activating receptors on individual chromosomes) polymorphism. This contributes to diverse susceptibility to diseases and other clinical situations. Associations of KIR genes, as well as of genes for their ligands, with selected diseases such as psoriasis vulgaris and atopic dermatitis, rheumatoid arthritis, recurrent spontaneous abortion, and non-small cell lung cancer are discussed in the context of NK and T cell functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Kuśnierczyk
- Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Tissue Immunology, Ludwik Hirszfeld Institute of Immunology and Experimental Therapy, Polish Academy of Sciences Wrocław, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
The function of natural killer (NK) cells is controlled by several activating and inhibitory receptors, including the family of killer-immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs). One distinctive feature of KIRs is the extensive number of various haplotypes generated by the gene content within the KIR gene locus as well as by highly polymorphic members of the KIR gene family, namely KIR3DL1/S1. Within the KIR3DL1/S1 gene locus, KIR3DS1 represents a conserved allelic variant and displays other unique features in comparison to the highly polymorphic KIR3DL1 allele. KIR3DS1 is present in all human populations and belongs to the KIR haplotype group B. KIR3DS1 encodes for an activating receptor featuring the characteristic short cytoplasmic tail and a positively charged residue within the transmembrane domain, which allows recruitment of the ITAM-bearing adaptor molecule DAP12. Although HLA class I molecules are thought to represent natural KIR ligands, and HLA-Bw4 molecules serve as ligands for KIR3DL1, the ligand for KIR3DS1 still needs to be identified. Despite the lack of formal evidence for an interaction of KIR3DS1 with HLA-Bw4-I80 or any other HLA class I subtype to date, a growing number of associations between the presence of KIR3DS1 and the outcome of viral infections have been described. Especially, the potential protective role of KIR3DS1 in combination with HLA-Bw4-I80 in the context of HIV-1 infection has been studied intensively. In addition, a number of recent studies have associated the presence or absence of KIR3DS1 with the occurrence and outcome of some malignancies, autoimmune diseases, and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). In this review, we summarize the present knowledge regarding the characteristics of KIRD3S1 and discuss its role in various human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Körner
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University Charlestown, MA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Purdy AK, Campbell KS. [Natural killer cells and cancer. Regulation by the killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIR)]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2011; 13:731-6. [PMID: 21644387 PMCID: PMC6135950 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2010.07.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
自然杀伤(natural killer, NK)细胞是先天性免疫效应细胞,约占人外周血淋巴细胞总数的10%-15%,主要参与免疫监视,以消除转化细胞和病毒感染细胞。NK细胞最初被界定是由于它们具有自发消除少数主要组织相容性复合物Ⅰ类(major histocompatibility class Ⅰ, MHC-Ⅰ)自身分子表达缺乏细胞的能力,即常说的“丢失自我”识别能力。NK细胞表面表达的MHC-Ⅰ特异性抑制性受体,可使NK细胞对表达MHC-Ⅰ的正常细胞耐受,此为丢失自我识别能力的分子基础。由于缺乏抑制性受体的配体,表面MHC-Ⅰ表达下调的肿瘤细胞和病毒感染细胞易受NK细胞攻击。杀伤细胞免疫球蛋白样受体(KIR; CD158)组成MHC-Ⅰ结合受体家族,对调节人NK细胞和部分T细胞的活化阈值起重要作用。KIR多样性使NK细胞具有多种功能,在此我们将综述多个水平上的KIR多样性,并诠释KIR多样性是如何影响各种疾病(包括癌症)的易感性的。我们将进一步阐述通过针对KIR进行癌症治疗的策略:利用KIR/MHC-Ⅰ配体的错配以强化造血干细胞移植的效果,以及通过阻滞KIR以增强对肿瘤细胞的杀伤力。
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda K Purdy
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Institute for Cancer Research, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
KIR gene diversity in Mexican mestizos of San Luis Potosí. Immunogenetics 2011; 63:561-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s00251-011-0540-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
20
|
Martin MP, Borecki IB, Zhang Z, Nguyen L, Ma D, Gao X, Qi Y, Carrington M, Rader JS. HLA-Cw group 1 ligands for KIR increase susceptibility to invasive cervical cancer. Immunogenetics 2010; 62:761-5. [PMID: 20857097 PMCID: PMC3043355 DOI: 10.1007/s00251-010-0477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2010] [Accepted: 08/31/2010] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Inherited genetic polymorphisms within immune response genes have been shown to associate with risk of invasive cervical cancer (ICC) and its immediate precursor, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3. Here, we used the transmission/disequilibrium test to detect disease-liability alleles and investigate haplotype transmission of KIR and HLA class I polymorphisms in a large family-based population of women with cervical cancer and their biological parents (359 trios). The effect of distinct human papillomavirus types was also explored. HLA-Cw group 1 (HLA-Cw alleles with asparagine at position 80), which serves as ligand for certain killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR), was significantly overtransmitted in women with ICC (P = 0.04), and particularly in the subgroup of women infected with high risk HPV16 or 18 subtypes (P = 0.008). These data support the involvement of the HLA-C locus in modulating the risk of cervical neoplasia perhaps through its function as ligands for KIR, but functional studies are essential to confirm this hypothesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maureen P. Martin
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, Inc. NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Ingrid B. Borecki
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Zhengyan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Loan Nguyen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Duanduan Ma
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Xiaojiang Gao
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, Inc. NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Ying Qi
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, Inc. NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Mary Carrington
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, SAIC-Frederick, Inc. NCI-Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA, Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Janet S. Rader
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Purdy AK, Campbell KS. Natural killer cells and cancer: regulation by the killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIR). Cancer Biol Ther 2009; 8:2211-20. [PMID: 19923897 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.8.23.10455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate immune effector cells that make up approximately 10-15% of the peripheral blood lymphocytes in humans and are primarily involved in immunosurveillance to eliminate transformed and virally-infected cells. They were originally defined by their ability to spontaneously eliminate rare cells lacking expression of class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC-I) self molecules, which is commonly referred to as "missing self" recognition. The molecular basis for missing self recognition emerges from the expression of MHC-I-specific inhibitory receptors on the NK cell surface that tolerize NK cells toward normal MHC-I-expressing cells. By lacking inhibitory receptor ligands, tumor cells or virus-infected cells that have down-modulated surface MHC-I expression become susceptible to attack by NK cells. Killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIR; CD158) constitute a family of MHC-I binding receptors that plays a major role in regulating the activation thresholds of NK cells and some T cells in humans. Here, we review the multiple levels of KIR diversity that contribute to the generation of a highly varied NK cell repertoire and explain how this diversity can influence susceptibility to a variety of diseases, including cancer. We further describe strategies by which KIR can be manipulated therapeutically to treat cancer, through the exploitation of KIR/MHC-I ligand mismatch to potentiate hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and the use of KIR blockade to enhance tumor cell killing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda K Purdy
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Institute for Cancer Research, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Djulejic E, Petlichkovski A, Trajkov D, Hristomanova S, Middleton D, Spiroski M. Distribution of killer cell immunoglobulinlike receptors in the Macedonian population. Hum Immunol 2009; 71:281-8. [PMID: 20004695 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2009.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2009] [Revised: 11/16/2009] [Accepted: 12/01/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze killer immunoglobulinlike receptor (KIR) gene polymorphism in the Macedonian population. The study sample consists of 214 healthy unrelated individuals, aged 20-35 years. All individuals are of Macedonian origin and nationality, and residents of different geographic regions. The population genetics analysis package, Arlequin, was used for analysis of the data. We found that all 16 KIR genes were observed in the Macedonian population and framework genes KIR3DL3, KIR2DL4, and KIR3DL2 were present in all individuals. A total of 56 different KIR genotypes were found in the Macedonian population, based on the presence of 16 KIR genes. Neighbor-joining phylogenetic tree, constructed on the basis of standard genetic distances of KIR genes, shows that Macedonian population is in the same cluster with England West Midlands Indian Asian, Brazil SouthEast Caucasian, Romania Caucasians, Spain Basque, England West Midlands Caucasian, France Reunion, and Spain Granada populations. The frequency of KIR loci in Macedonian population shares several general features with other Caucasoid populations studied before.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eli Djulejic
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Immunobiology and Human Genetics, University Ss. Kiril and Metodij, Skopje, Republic of Macedonia
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Morvan M, Willem C, Gagne K, Kerdudou N, David G, Sébille V, Folléa G, Bignon JD, Retière C. Phenotypic and Functional Analyses of KIR3DL1+and KIR3DS1+NK Cell Subsets Demonstrate Differential Regulation by Bw4 Molecules and Induced KIR3DS1 Expression on Stimulated NK Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2009; 182:6727-35. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0900212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
24
|
Shastry A, Sedimbi SK, Rajalingam R, Nikitina-Zake L, Rumba I, Wigzell H, Sanjeevi CB. Combination of KIR 2DL2 and HLA-C1 (Asn80) confers susceptibility to type 1 diabetes in Latvians. Int J Immunogenet 2008; 35:439-46. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-313x.2008.00804.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
25
|
Abstract
Killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIR) control the immune response of NK cells and some T cells to infections and tumors. KIR genes evolve rapidly and are variable between individuals in their number, type and sequence. Here, we determined the nature of KIR2DL5 gene polymorphism in four ethnic groups using direct DNA sequencing method. Nine new sequences were discovered. Within the panel of 248 KIR2DL5-positive individuals, 14 KIR2DL5-sequences differing in coding regions were observed. They differed at only seven amino acid positions, and such limited polymorphism is consistent with its conserved nature throughout the hominoid lineage. Ethnic deviation was seen in the distribution of KIR2DL5A, KIR2DL5B and their alleles. African Americans had more KIR2DL5 alleles than other populations indicating that more polymorphisms are yet to be discovered in Africans. Linkage between KIR2DL5-alleles and certain activating-KIR genes were observed, but frequency of these linked clusters differed substantially between populations. Consequently, KIR2DL5 alleles can be used as markers to predict the activating-KIR gene content. Typing system distinguishing A*001 and B*002 alleles can serve as a powerful screening test to assess the content of most variable activating-KIR genes that have been implicated in human disease and in the outcome of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Collapse
|
26
|
Gonzalez A, Meenagh A, Sleator C, Middleton D. Investigation of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) gene diversity: KIR2DL2, KIR2DL5 and KIR2DS5. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 72:11-20. [PMID: 18498296 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2008.01050.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Human killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes are important for restraining natural killer cytotoxicity toward cells with autologous human leukocyte antigen (HLA) while targeting cells lacking or expressing low levels of self-HLA molecules. KIR gene content and alleles vary across individual genomes and populations, requiring specialized laboratory tools for their characterization. Here, we detail methods based on sequence-specific polymerase chain reaction amplification and oligonucleotide probe hybridization to identify alleles of KIR2DL2, KIR2DL5A, KIR2DL5B and KIR2DS5. Allele frequencies for a Northern Irish population of 354 individuals typed with this system are given, along with results from 132 cell lines from the International Histocompatibility Workshop that cover many world populations. This information complements published reports by our laboratory for allele-level typing of other KIR members, totaling 12 of the 17 known genes. These methods are allowing us to characterize KIR haplotypes in our population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Gonzalez
- Northern Ireland Regional Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics Laboratory, City Hospital, Belfast, UK.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Middleton D, Meenagh A, Moscoso J, Arnaiz-Villena A. Killer immunoglobulin receptor gene and allele frequencies in Caucasoid, Oriental and Black populations from different continents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 71:105-13. [PMID: 18069936 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2007.00973.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Parallel to the growth in interest in the past few years in the killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes has been the elucidation of the presence/absence of these genes and to a very limited extent, the frequency of alleles of these genes in many populations. In the present study, we have chosen seven populations to investigate the presence/absence of the KIR genes and their alleles, i.e. Cuban, Brazilian, Oman, Hong Kong Chinese, Singapore Chinese, South African Xhosa and South African San. The populations were chosen to represent different continents of the world. We show the divergence in the frequencies of these genes, and their alleles, in the different populations. Many new sequence-specific oligonucleotide probe patterns represent new alleles, each occurred in only one of the populations. The KIR gene frequencies of these seven populations were calculated and genetic distances were represented by neighbour-joining dendrograms and correspondence analyses. Also, the presence or absence of 17 KIR loci in the presently studied populations was compared with the presence or absence of the same loci in 56 worldwide populations (available on the website www.allelefrequencies.net). In total, 5134 individuals were analysed and the populations grouped, with some exceptions, according to a geographical gradient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Middleton
- Northern Ireland Regional Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics Laboratory, City Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Pascal V, Yamada E, Martin MP, Alter G, Altfeld M, Metcalf JA, Baseler MW, Adelsberger JW, Carrington M, Anderson SK, McVicar DW. Detection of KIR3DS1 on the Cell Surface of Peripheral Blood NK Cells Facilitates Identification of a Novel Null Allele and Assessment of KIR3DS1 Expression during HIV-1 Infection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2007; 179:1625-33. [PMID: 17641029 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.179.3.1625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
KIR3DL1 is a highly polymorphic killer cell Ig-like receptor gene with at least 23 alleles described, including its activating counterpart, KIR3DS1. Recently, the KIR3DS1 allele has been shown to slow progression to AIDS in individuals expressing HLA-Bw4 with isoleucine at position 80. However, due to the lack of a specific Ab, KIR3DS1 expression and function is not well characterized. In this study, we demonstrate KIR3DS1 expression on a substantial subset of peripheral natural killer cells through its recognition by the mAb Z27. The fidelity of this detection method was confirmed by analysis of KIR3DS1 transfectants and the identification of a novel KIR3DS1 null allele. Interestingly, KIR3DS1 is also expressed by a small proportion of CD56(+) T cells. We show that ligation of KIR3DS1 by Z27 leads to NK cell IFN-gamma production and degranulation as assessed by expression of CD107a. Furthermore, we document the persistence of KIR3DS1(+) NK cells in HIV-1 viremic patients. The high frequency of KIR3DS1 expression, along with its ability to activate NK cells, and its maintenance during HIV-1 viremia are consistent with the epidemiological data suggesting a critical role for this receptor in controlling HIV-1 pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Véronique Pascal
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, Laboratory of Experimental Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Middleton D, Vilchez JR, Cabrera T, Meenagh A, Williams F, Halfpenny I, Maleno I, Ruiz-Cabello F, Lopez-Nevot MA, Garrido F. Analysis of KIR gene frequencies in HLA class I characterised bladder, colorectal and laryngeal tumours. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 69:220-6. [PMID: 17493145 DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-0039.2006.00792.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Three cohorts of patients with laryngeal, bladder or colorectal tumours were investigated for frequency of killer immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR) genes compared with a normal control population. The frequency of KIR3DL1 and KIR2DS4 was significantly increased (but not after correction for number of comparisons made) in patients with bladder tumour compared with controls. No other significant differences were found in gene frequencies or in the frequencies of those KIR genes with and without their human leucocyte antigen (HLA) ligands. Furthermore, no significant differences were found in KIR gene frequencies, taking into consideration the type of loss of HLA expression in the individual tumours. Finally, in the group of colorectal carcinomas, there was an overall significant difference in the frequencies of C group heterozygosity and homozygosity with HLA alterations on the tumour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Middleton
- Northern Ireland Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Blood Transfusion Building, City Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Boyton RJ, Altmann DM. Natural killer cells, killer immunoglobulin-like receptors and human leucocyte antigen class I in disease. Clin Exp Immunol 2007; 149:1-8. [PMID: 17521317 PMCID: PMC1942026 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2007.03424.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer cells constitute a potent, rapid part of the innate immune response to infection or transformation, and also generate a link to priming of adaptive immunity. Their function can encompass direct cytotoxicity as well as the release of cytokines and chemokines. In humans, a major component of natural killer (NK) cell target recognition depends mainly on the surveillance of human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules by killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIR). Different KIR can transmit inhibitory or activatory signals to the cell, and effector function is considered to result from the balance of these contributing signals. The regulation of NK cell responses depends on a number of variables: KIR genotype, HLA genotype, heterozygosity versus homozygosity for these, whether there is cognate recognition between the HLA and KIR products carried by an individual, clonal variation between individual NK cells in KIR expression, and the specific modulation of HLA expression by infection, transformation or peptide binding. Different HLA/KIR genotypes can impart different thresholds of activation to the NK cell repertoire and such genotypic variation has been found to confer altered risk in a number of diseases including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) susceptibility and progression, hepatitis C virus clearance, idiopathic bronchiectasis, autoimmunity and cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R J Boyton
- Lung Immunology Group, National Heart & Lung Institute, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, South Kensington Campus, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Naumova E, Mihaylova A, Ivanova M, Mihailova S. Impact of KIR/HLA ligand combinations on immune responses in malignant melanoma. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2007; 56:95-100. [PMID: 16547704 PMCID: PMC11030290 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-006-0151-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2006] [Accepted: 02/20/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tumor growth and dissemination depend partly on the reactivity of natural killer (NK) cells and T cells expressing NK-associated receptors. Their effector functions are regulated by an array of activating and inhibitory cell surface receptors with MHC class I ligand specificity, such as the killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs). Given the extensive genomic diversity of KIRs and their HLA ligands, it is reasonable to speculate that HLA, KIR gene variations and specific KIR-ligand combinations will have an impact on disease susceptibility and/or progression. Here, we discuss how KIR genotypes and KIR/HLA immunogenetic profiles may be involved in tumorigenesis, especially in malignant melanoma (MM). A hypothetical model of the impact of KIR/ligand combinations on immune responses in MM is proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elissaveta Naumova
- Central Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital Alexandrovska, 1431, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Bashirova AA, Martin MP, McVicar DW, Carrington M. The killer immunoglobulin-like receptor gene cluster: tuning the genome for defense. Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet 2006; 7:277-300. [PMID: 16824023 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.genom.7.080505.115726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) are molecules expressed on the surface of natural killer (NK) cells, which play an important role in innate immunity. KIR recognition of major histocompatability complex (MHC) class I allotypes represents one component of the complex interactions between NK cells and their targets in determining NK cell reactivity. KIRs are encoded by a gene cluster at human chromosome 19q13.4. Despite their high degree of sequence identity, KIR genes encode proteins that have diverse recognition patterns (specific HLA class I allotypes) and confer opposing signals (activating or inhibitory) to the NK cell. The KIR gene cluster is highly polymorphic, with individual genes exhibiting allelic variability and individual haplotypes differing in gene content. The polymorphism of the KIR locus parallels that of the MHC, facilitating the adaptation of the immune system to a dynamic, challenging environment. This variation is associated with a growing number of human diseases, which is likely to extend to levels observed for the HLA loci. Here we review current progress in understanding KIR biology and genetics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arman A Bashirova
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21231, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Sun JY, Gaidulis L, Dagis A, Palmer J, Rodriguez R, Miller MM, Forman SJ, Senitzer D. Killer Ig-like receptor (KIR) compatibility plays a role in the prevalence of acute GVHD in unrelated hematopoietic cell transplants for AML. Bone Marrow Transplant 2005; 36:525-30. [PMID: 16025153 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bmt.1705089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Killer Ig-like receptor (KIR) is a major cluster of the natural killer cell receptors and may play a role in the outcome of hematopoietic cell transplants. A total of 65 AML cases transplanted with T-replete hematopoietic cells from unrelated donors were retrospectively KIR-genotyped by a multiplex PCR method of our own design. The KIR gene frequency and genotype patterns in these 130 samples were consistent with the data in the literature. Based upon overall inhibitory and activating KIR genes in both donors and patients, we developed an algorithm to calculate a compatibility score for each transplant case as plus, zero or minus. Significantly higher incidence (18/20, 90%) of acute (a) GVHD (grade II-IV) was found in the transplant cases with plus scores than that (25/45, 56%) in the cases with zero or minus scores (P < 0.01). When the scores are sorted in the opposite way, fewer cases (13/26, 50%) of aGVHD were found in the transplants with minus scores than that (30/39, 77%) in the transplants with zero or plus scores (P < 0.05). The difference of aGVHD prevalence between the plus score and minus score groups is highly significant (P < 0.01). KIR genotype compatibility calculated by this algorithm may predict aGVHD incidence and be helpful in choosing donors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Y Sun
- Division of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HCT), City of Hope National Medical Center and Beckman Research Institute, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Martin MP, Carrington M. Immunogenetics of viral infections. Curr Opin Immunol 2005; 17:510-6. [PMID: 16084708 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2005.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2005] [Accepted: 07/21/2005] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The HLA class I and II genes encode molecules that lie at the heart of the acquired immune response against infectious diseases. Associations between these polymorphic loci and genetically complex infectious diseases have been historically elusive, in contrast to the more obvious HLA associations with autoimmune diseases. High resolution molecular typing of large, clinically well-defined cohorts has begun to uncover evidence for the influence of HLA diversity on diseases of viral etiology, such as those caused by HIV-1, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and human papilloma virus. Combinations of HLA and KIR also appear to affect outcome to viral infection, supporting a role for HLA class I diversity in the innate immune response in addition to the acquired immune response.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maureen P Martin
- Basic Research Program, Science Applications International Corporation-Frederick Inc., Laboratory of Genomic Diversity, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|