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Marques V, Hinojosa JC, Dapporto L, Talavera G, Stefanescu C, Gutiérrez D, Vila R. The opposed forces of differentiation and admixture across glacial cycles in the butterfly Aglais urticae. Mol Ecol 2024; 33:e17304. [PMID: 38421113 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Glacial cycles lead to periodic population interbreeding and isolation in warm-adapted species, which impact genetic structure and evolution. However, the effects of these processes on highly mobile and more cold-tolerant species are not well understood. This study aims to shed light on the phylogeographic history of Aglais urticae, a butterfly species with considerable dispersal ability, and a wide Palearctic distribution reaching the Arctic. Through the analysis of genomic data, four main genetic lineages are identified: European, Sierra Nevada, Sicily/Calabria/Peloponnese, and Eastern. The results indicate that the Sardo-Corsican endemic taxon ichnusa is a distinct species. The split between the relict lineages in southern Europe and the main European lineage is estimated to have happened 400-450 thousand years ago, with admixture observed during the Quaternary glacial cycles, and still ongoing, albeit to a much smaller extent. These results suggest that these lineages may be better treated as subspecific parapatric taxa. Ecological niche modelling supported the existence of both Mediterranean and extra-Mediterranean refugia during the glacial periods, with the main one located on the Atlantic coast. Nevertheless, gene flow between populations was possible, indicating that both differentiation and admixture have acted continuously across glacial cycles in this cold-tolerant butterfly, generally balancing each other but producing differentiated lineages in the southern peninsulas. We conclude that the population dynamics and the processes shaping the population genetic structure of cold-adapted species during the Quaternary ice ages may be different than those classically accepted for warm-adapted species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valéria Marques
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Carles Hinojosa
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leonardo Dapporto
- Dipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Gerard Talavera
- Institut Botànic de Barcelona (IBB), CSIC-CMCNB, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Constantí Stefanescu
- Natural Sciences Museum of Granollers, Granollers, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - David Gutiérrez
- Instituto de Investigación en Cambio Global (IICG), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
- Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roger Vila
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona, Spain
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2
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Urbaniak J, Kwiatkowski P. The molecular population structure of Swertia perennis (Gentianaceae) in Central Europe. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17059. [PMID: 37816773 PMCID: PMC10564900 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43731-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Phylogeographic analysis of Swertia perennis, a typical European subalpine springtime species, revealed the existence of at least five major phylogenetic lineages. A large phylogeographic separation exists among these geographical regions, which confirms the existence of glacial refugia in the Pyrenees, but also in the Eastern and Central Alps. The results obtained from the analyzes indicate the existence of three major differences between the populations of the Alps and the Pyrenees, but also between the populations of the Alps and those of other geographical regions (Carpathians, southern Czech Republic, Sudetes and northern Poland). The studied populations from the Black Forest and from north-eastern and southern Poland are a relic of the former wider distribution of these (periglacial) genetic groups within Swertia perennis. Our results also confirm the existence of biogeographical links between the Carpathians and the Hercynian Range and the Alps. Certainly, there was an exchange of genes between populations located in the eastern Alps, the Carpathians and the Hercynian ranges (Czech Republic, Jeseníky, Sudetes, Ore Mountains). This confirms previous results of comparative studies on the genetic diversity of populations of other vascular plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Urbaniak
- Department of Botany and Plant Ecology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland.
| | - Paweł Kwiatkowski
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology, and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
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3
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Jospin A, Chittaro Y, Bolt D, Demergès D, Gurcel K, Hensle J, Sanchez A, Praz C, Lucek K. Genomic evidence for three distinct species in the Erebia manto complex in Central Europe (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae). CONSERV GENET 2023; 24:293-304. [PMID: 37187800 PMCID: PMC10175325 DOI: 10.1007/s10592-023-01501-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
A problem to implement conservation strategies is that in many cases recognized taxa are in fact complexes of several cryptic species. Failure to properly delineate species may lead to misplaced priorities or to inadequate conservation measures. One such species complex is the yellow-spotted ringlet Erebia manto, which comprises several phenotypically distinct lineages, whose degree of genomic isolation has so far not been assessed. Some of these lineages are geographically restricted and thus possibly represent distinct units with conservation priorities. Using several thousand nuclear genomic markers, we evaluated to which degree the bubastis lineage from the Alps and the vogesiaca lineage from the Vosges, are genetically isolated from the widespread manto lineage. Our results suggest that both lineages are genetically as strongly differentiated from manto as other taxonomically well separated sibling species in this genus from each other, supporting a delineation of bubastis and vogesiaca as independent species. Given the restricted and isolated range of vogesiaca as well as the disjunct distribution of bubastis, our findings have significant implication for future conservation efforts on these formerly cryptic species and highlight the need to investigate the genomic identity within species complexes. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10592-023-01501-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Jospin
- Laboratory of Functional Ecology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - David Demergès
- Conservatoire d’espaces Naturels de Lorraine, 20 Chemin de L’école Des Xettes, 88400 Gérardmer, France
| | | | | | - Andreas Sanchez
- Info Fauna, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Praz
- Laboratory of Functional Ecology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
- Info Fauna, Avenue de Bellevaux 51, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Kay Lucek
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Basel, Schönbeinstrasse 6, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Biodiversity Genomics Laboratory, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000 Neuchâtel, Switzerland
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4
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Augustijnen H, Patsiou T, Lucek K. Secondary contact rather than coexistence-Erebia butterflies in the Alps. Evolution 2022; 76:2669-2686. [PMID: 36117267 PMCID: PMC9828779 DOI: 10.1111/evo.14615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Secondary contact zones are ideal systems to study the processes that govern the evolution of reproductive barriers, especially at advanced stages of the speciation process. An increase in reproductive isolation resulting from selection against maladaptive hybrids is thought to contribute to reproductive barrier buildup in secondary contact zones. Although such processes have been invoked for many systems, it remains unclear to which extent they influence contact zone dynamics in nature. Here, we study a very narrow contact zone between the butterfly species Erebia cassioides and Erebia tyndarus in the Swiss Alps. We quantified phenotypic traits related to wing shape and reproduction as well as ecology to compare the degree of intra- and interspecific differentiation. Even though only very few first-generation hybrids occur, we find no strong indications for current reinforcing selection, suggesting that if reinforcement occurred in our system, it likely operated in the past. Additionally, we show that both species differ less in their ecological niche at the contact zone than elsewhere, which could explain why coexistence between these butterflies may currently not be possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Augustijnen
- Department of Environmental SciencesUniversity of BaselBaselCH‐4056Switzerland
| | - Theofania Patsiou
- Institute of Plant SciencesUniversity of BernBernCH‐3013Switzerland,Department of BiologyUniversity of FribourgFribourgCH‐1700Switzerland
| | - Kay Lucek
- Department of Environmental SciencesUniversity of BaselBaselCH‐4056Switzerland
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5
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Solovyev VI, Dubatolov VV, Vavilova VY, Kosterin OE. Estimating range disjunction time of the Palearctic Admirals (Limenitis L.) with COI and histone H1 genes. ORG DIVERS EVOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13127-022-00565-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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6
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Ebrahimi E, Ranjbaran Y, Sayahnia R, Ahmadzadeh F. Assessing the climate change effects on the distribution pattern of the Azerbaijan Mountain Newt (Neurergus crocatus). ECOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2022.100997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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7
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Trense D, Hoffmann AA, Fischer K. Large- and small-scale geographic structures affecting genetic patterns across populations of an Alpine butterfly. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:14697-14714. [PMID: 34765135 PMCID: PMC8571576 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.8157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding factors influencing patterns of genetic diversity and the population genetic structure of species is of particular importance in the current era of global climate change and habitat loss. These factors include the evolutionary history of a species as well as heterogeneity in the environment it occupies, which in turn can change across time. Most studies investigating spatio-temporal genetic patterns have focused on patterns across wide geographic areas rather than local variation, but the latter can nevertheless be important particularly in topographically complex areas. Here, we consider these issues in the Sooty Copper butterfly (Lycaena tityrus) from the European Alps, using genome-wide SNPs identified through RADseq. We found strong genetic differentiation within the Alps with four genetic clusters, indicating western, central, and eastern refuges, and a strong reduction of genetic diversity from west to east. This reduction in diversity may suggest that the southwestern refuge was the largest one in comparison to other refuges. Also, the high genetic diversity in the west may result from (a) admixture of different western refuges, (b) more recent demographic changes, or (c) introgression of lowland L. tityrus populations. At small spatial scales, populations were structured by several landscape features and especially by high mountain ridges and large river valleys. We detected 36 outlier loci likely under altitudinal selection, including several loci related to membranes and cellular processes. We suggest that efforts to preserve alpine L. tityrus should focus on the genetically diverse populations in the western Alps, and that the dolomite populations should be treated as genetically distinct management units, since they appear to be currently more threatened than others. This study demonstrates the usefulness of SNP-based approaches for understanding patterns of genetic diversity, gene flow, and selection in a region that is expected to be particularly vulnerable to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daronja Trense
- Institute for Integrated Natural Sciences, ZoologyUniversity Koblenz‐LandauKoblenzGermany
| | - Ary A. Hoffmann
- Pest & Environmental Adaptation Research GroupSchool of BiosciencesBio21 InstituteParkvilleVic.Australia
| | - Klaus Fischer
- Institute for Integrated Natural Sciences, ZoologyUniversity Koblenz‐LandauKoblenzGermany
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8
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Scotti‐Saintagne C, Boivin T, Suez M, Musch B, Scotti I, Fady B. Signature of mid-Pleistocene lineages in the European silver fir ( Abies alba Mill.) at its geographic distribution margin. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:10984-10999. [PMID: 34429896 PMCID: PMC8366861 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In a conservation and sustainable management perspective, we identify the ecological, climatic, and demographic factors responsible for the genetic diversity patterns of the European silver fir (Abies alba Mill.) at its southwestern range margin (Pyrenees Mountains, France, Europe). We sampled 45 populations throughout the French Pyrenees and eight neighboring reference populations in the Massif Central, Alps, and Corsica. We genotyped 1,620 individuals at three chloroplast and ten nuclear microsatellite loci. We analyzed within- and among-population genetic diversity using phylogeographic reconstructions, tests of isolation-by-distance, Bayesian population structure inference, modeling of demographic scenarios, and regression analyses of genetic variables with current and past environmental variables. Genetic diversity decreased from east to west suggesting isolation-by-distance from the Alps to the Pyrenees and from the Eastern to the Western Pyrenees. We identified two Pyrenean lineages that diverged from a third Alpine-Corsica-Massif Central lineage 0.8 to 1.1 M years ago and subsequently formed a secondary contact zone in the Central Pyrenees. Population sizes underwent contrasted changes, with a contraction in the west and an expansion in the east. Glacial climate affected the genetic composition of the populations, with the western genetic cluster only observed in locations corresponding to the coldest past climate and highest elevations. The eastern cluster was observed over a larger range of temperatures and elevations. All demographic events shaping the current spatial structure of genetic diversity took place during the Mid-Pleistocene Transition, long before the onset of the Holocene. The Western Pyrenees lineage may require additional conservation efforts, whereas the eastern lineage is well protected in in situ gene conservation units. Due to past climate oscillations and the likely emergence of independent refugia, east-west oriented mountain ranges may be important reservoir of genetic diversity in a context of past and ongoing climate change in Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Thomas Boivin
- INRAEEcologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes (URFM)AvignonFrance
| | - Marie Suez
- INRAEEcologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes (URFM)AvignonFrance
| | | | - Ivan Scotti
- INRAEEcologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes (URFM)AvignonFrance
| | - Bruno Fady
- INRAEEcologie des Forêts Méditerranéennes (URFM)AvignonFrance
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9
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Lucek K, Bouaouina S, Jospin A, Grill A, de Vos JM. Prevalence and relationship of endosymbiotic Wolbachia in the butterfly genus Erebia. BMC Ecol Evol 2021; 21:95. [PMID: 34020585 PMCID: PMC8140509 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-021-01822-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wolbachia is an endosymbiont common to most invertebrates, which can have significant evolutionary implications for its host species by acting as a barrier to gene flow. Despite the importance of Wolbachia, still little is known about its prevalence and diversification pattern among closely related host species. Wolbachia strains may phylogenetically coevolve with their hosts, unless horizontal host-switches are particularly common. We address these issues in the genus Erebia, one of the most diverse Palearctic butterfly genera. RESULTS We sequenced the Wolbachia genome from a strain infecting Erebia cassioides and showed that it belongs to the Wolbachia supergroup B, capable of infecting arthropods from different taxonomic orders. The prevalence of Wolbachia across 13 closely related Erebia host species based on extensive population-level genetic data revealed that multiple Wolbachia strains jointly infect all investigated taxa, but with varying prevalence. Finally, the phylogenetic relationships of Wolbachia strains are in some cases significantly associated to that of their hosts, especially among the most closely related Erebia species, demonstrating mixed evidence for phylogenetic coevolution. CONCLUSIONS Closely related host species can be infected by closely related Wolbachia strains, evidencing some phylogenetic coevolution, but the actual pattern of infection more often reflects historical or contemporary geographic proximity among host species. Multiple processes, including survival in distinct glacial refugia, recent host shifts in sympatry, and a loss of Wolbachia during postglacial range expansion seem to have jointly shaped the complex interactions between Wolbachia evolution and the diversification of its host among our studied Erebia species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kay Lucek
- Department of Environmental Sciences - Botany, University of Basel, Schönbeinstrasse 6, CH- 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Selim Bouaouina
- Department of Environmental Sciences - Botany, University of Basel, Schönbeinstrasse 6, CH- 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Amanda Jospin
- Laboratory of Functional Ecology, Institute of Biology, University of Neuchâtel, Rue Emile-Argand 11, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Grill
- Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Baltzerstrasse 6, CH-3012, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jurriaan M de Vos
- Department of Environmental Sciences - Botany, University of Basel, Schönbeinstrasse 6, CH- 4056, Basel, Switzerland
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10
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Wendt M, Husemann M, Kramp K, Schmitt T. Reconstruction of forest dynamics in the Western Palaearctic based on phylogeographic analysis of the ringlet butterfly Erebia aethiops. Sci Rep 2021; 11:201. [PMID: 33420130 PMCID: PMC7794548 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-79376-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Glacial refugia are centers of high biodiversity. Therefore, knowledge on their locations and reactions of associated populations and landscapes to climatic changes is crucial for conservation management. We here investigated the biogeography of a butterfly species linked to open forest habitats. Using mitochondrial and nuclear markers in combination with Bayesian simulations, we analyzed the location and age of potential glacial refugia of the species. We identified five putative refugia in Europe. Considering the ecological needs of our study species, tree density within these refugial areas, in contrast to earlier assumptions, must have exceeded the level of individually scattered trees. Our results also provide evidence that especially the refuge areas in the Carpathians were previously underestimated regarding their age: the refugia in the Southern Carpathians presented suitable conditions throughout several glacial cycles, probably since the Mindel or Riss cycles. Additionally, our analyses provided support for a forest refugium near the Tatra Mountains persisting the last glacial maximum. Our results underline the usefulness of this and probably other butterfly species as indicators of forest refugia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Wendt
- Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Systematik Und Biogeographie, Eberswalder Str. 90, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany.
| | - Martin Husemann
- Centrum Für Naturkunde, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katja Kramp
- Leibniz-Zentrum Für Agrarlandschaftsforschung (ZALF) E.V., PB 2: "Landnutzung Und Governance", AG: Biotische Interaktionen Zwischen Wald- Und Agrarflächen, Eberswalder Str. 84, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Schmitt
- Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Systematik Und Biogeographie, Eberswalder Str. 90, 15374, Müncheberg, Germany
- Zoology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, 06099, Halle (Saale), Germany
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11
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Minter M, Dasmahapatra KK, Thomas CD, Morecroft MD, Tonhasca A, Schmitt T, Siozios S, Hill JK. Past, current, and potential future distributions of unique genetic diversity in a cold-adapted mountain butterfly. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:11155-11168. [PMID: 33144956 PMCID: PMC7593187 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Climatic changes throughout the Pleistocene have strongly modified species distributions. We examine how these range shifts have affected the genetic diversity of a montane butterfly species and whether the genetic diversity in the extant populations is threatened by future climate change. LOCATION Europe. TAXON Erebia epiphron Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae. METHODS We analyzed mtDNA to map current genetic diversity and differentiation of E. epiphron across Europe to identify population refugia and postglacial range shifts. We used species distribution modeling (SDM) to hindcast distributions over the last 21,000 years to identify source locations of extant populations and to project distributions into the future (2070) to predict potential losses in genetic diversity. RESULTS We found substantial genetic diversity unique to specific regions within Europe (total number of haplotypes = 31, number of unique haplotypes = 27, H d = 0.9). Genetic data and SDM hindcasting suggest long-term separation and survival of discrete populations. Particularly, high rates of unique diversity in postglacially colonized sites in England (H d = 0.64) suggest this population was colonized from a now extinct cryptic refugium. Under future climate change, SDMs predict loss of climate suitability for E. epiphron, particularly at lower elevations (<1,000 meters above sea level) equating to 1 to 12 unique haplotypes being at risk under climate scenarios projecting 1°C and 2-3°C increases respectfully in global temperature by 2070. MAIN CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that historical range expansion and retraction processes by a cold-adapted mountain species caused diversification between populations, resulting in unique genetic diversity which may be at risk if distributions of cold-adapted species shrink in future. Assisted colonizations of individuals from at-risk populations into climatically suitable unoccupied habitat might help conserve unique genetic diversity, and translocations into remaining populations might increase their genetic diversity and hence their ability to adapt to future climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Minter
- Leverhulme Centre for Anthropocene BiodiversityDepartment of BiologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK
| | - Kanchon K. Dasmahapatra
- Leverhulme Centre for Anthropocene BiodiversityDepartment of BiologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK
| | - Chris D. Thomas
- Leverhulme Centre for Anthropocene BiodiversityDepartment of BiologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK
| | | | | | - Thomas Schmitt
- Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches InstitutMünchebergGermany
| | - Stefanos Siozios
- Institute of Integrative BiologyUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - Jane K. Hill
- Leverhulme Centre for Anthropocene BiodiversityDepartment of BiologyUniversity of YorkYorkUK
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12
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Lucati F, Poignet M, Miró A, Trochet A, Aubret F, Barthe L, Bertrand R, Buchaca T, Calvez O, Caner J, Darnet E, Denoël M, Guillaume O, Le Chevalier H, Martínez-Silvestre A, Mossoll-Torres M, O'Brien D, Osorio V, Pottier G, Richard M, Sabás I, Souchet J, Tomàs J, Ventura M. Multiple glacial refugia and contemporary dispersal shape the genetic structure of an endemic amphibian from the Pyrenees. Mol Ecol 2020; 29:2904-2921. [PMID: 32563209 DOI: 10.1111/mec.15521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Historical factors (colonization scenarios, demographic oscillations) and contemporary processes (population connectivity, current population size) largely contribute to shaping species' present-day genetic diversity and structure. In this study, we use a combination of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA markers to understand the role of Quaternary climatic oscillations and present-day gene flow dynamics in determining the genetic diversity and structure of the newt Calotriton asper (Al. Dugès, 1852), endemic to the Pyrenees. Mitochondrial DNA did not show a clear phylogeographic pattern and presented low levels of variation. In contrast, microsatellites revealed five major genetic lineages with admixture patterns at their boundaries. Approximate Bayesian computation analyses and linear models indicated that the five lineages likely underwent separate evolutionary histories and can be tracked back to distinct glacial refugia. Lineage differentiation started around the Last Glacial Maximum at three focal areas (western, central and eastern Pyrenees) and extended through the end of the Last Glacial Period in the central Pyrenees, where it led to the formation of two more lineages. Our data revealed no evidence of recent dispersal between lineages, whereas borders likely represent zones of secondary contact following expansion from multiple refugia. Finally, we did not find genetic evidence of sex-biased dispersal. This work highlights the importance of integrating past evolutionary processes and present-day gene flow and dispersal dynamics, together with multilocus approaches, to gain insights into what shaped the current genetic attributes of amphibians living in montane habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Lucati
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.,Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Blanes, Spain
| | - Manon Poignet
- CNRS, Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (SETE), Université Paul Sabatier, Moulis, France
| | - Alexandre Miró
- Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Blanes, Spain
| | - Audrey Trochet
- CNRS, Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (SETE), Université Paul Sabatier, Moulis, France.,Société Herpétologique de France, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, France
| | - Fabien Aubret
- CNRS, Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (SETE), Université Paul Sabatier, Moulis, France
| | - Laurent Barthe
- Association Nature En Occitanie, Maison de l'Environnement de Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse, France
| | - Romain Bertrand
- CNRS, Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (SETE), Université Paul Sabatier, Moulis, France
| | - Teresa Buchaca
- Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Blanes, Spain
| | - Olivier Calvez
- CNRS, Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (SETE), Université Paul Sabatier, Moulis, France
| | - Jenny Caner
- Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Blanes, Spain
| | - Elodie Darnet
- CNRS, Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (SETE), Université Paul Sabatier, Moulis, France
| | - Mathieu Denoël
- Laboratory of Ecology and Conservation of Amphibians (LECA), Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch (FOCUS), University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Olivier Guillaume
- CNRS, Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (SETE), Université Paul Sabatier, Moulis, France
| | - Hugo Le Chevalier
- CNRS, Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (SETE), Université Paul Sabatier, Moulis, France
| | | | | | | | - Víctor Osorio
- Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Blanes, Spain
| | - Gilles Pottier
- Association Nature En Occitanie, Maison de l'Environnement de Midi-Pyrénées, Toulouse, France
| | - Murielle Richard
- CNRS, Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (SETE), Université Paul Sabatier, Moulis, France
| | - Ibor Sabás
- Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Blanes, Spain
| | - Jérémie Souchet
- CNRS, Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale (SETE), Université Paul Sabatier, Moulis, France
| | - Jan Tomàs
- Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Blanes, Spain
| | - Marc Ventura
- Center for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB-CSIC), Blanes, Spain
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13
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Ehl S, Böhm N, Wörner M, Rákosy L, Schmitt T. Dispersal and adaptation strategies of the high mountain butterfly Boloria pales in the Romanian Carpathians. Front Zool 2019; 16:1. [PMID: 30675174 PMCID: PMC6335762 DOI: 10.1186/s12983-018-0298-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Habitat quality is one main trigger for the persistence of butterflies. The effects of the influencing biotic and abiotic factors may be enhanced by the challenging conditions in high-alpine environments. To better our knowledge in this field, we performed a mark-release-recapture study with Boloria pales in the Southern Carpathians. Methods We analysed population structure, movement and foraging behaviour to investigate special adaptations to the alpine environment and to reveal differences between sexes. We compared these aspects in one sector with and one sector without grazing to address the effects of grazing intensity on habitat quality. Results We observed "soft" protandry, in which only a small number of males appeared before females, and an extended emergence of individuals over the observed flight period, dividing the population's age structure into three phases; both observations are considered adaptations to high mountain environments. Although both sexes were mostly sedentary, movement differences between them were obvious. Males flew larger distances than females and were more flight-active. This might explain the dimorphism in foraging behaviour: males preferred nectar sources of Asteraceae, females Caprifoliaceae. Transition from the grazed to the ungrazed sector was only observed for males and not for females, but the population density was higher and the flight distances of the individuals were significantly longer on the grazed sector compared with the ungrazed one. Conclusion Soft protandry, an extended emergence of the individuals and an adapted behavioural dimorphism between sexes render to represent a good adaptation of B. pales to the harsh environmental conditions of high mountain ecosystems. However, land-use intensity apparently has severe influence on population densities and movement behaviour. To protect B. pales and other high-alpine species from the negative consequences of overgrazing, areas without or just light grazing are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Ehl
- 1Biogeography, Trier University, Universitätsring 15, D-54286 Trier, Germany.,2Senckenberg German Entomological Institute, D-15374 Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Niklas Böhm
- 1Biogeography, Trier University, Universitätsring 15, D-54286 Trier, Germany.,FÖA Landschaftsplanung GmbH, D-54296 Trier, Germany
| | - Manuel Wörner
- 1Biogeography, Trier University, Universitätsring 15, D-54286 Trier, Germany
| | - László Rákosy
- 4Department of Taxonomy and Ecology, Babeş-Bolyai University, RO-400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Thomas Schmitt
- 2Senckenberg German Entomological Institute, D-15374 Müncheberg, Germany.,5Entomology, Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
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14
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Hinojosa JC, Monasterio Y, Escobés R, Dincă V, Vila R. Erebia epiphronandErebia orientalis: sibling butterfly species with contrasting histories. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/bly182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joan Carles Hinojosa
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Ciències de la Salut i de la Vida (DCEXS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelonac, Spain
| | - Yeray Monasterio
- Asociación Española para la Protección de las Mariposas y su Medio (ZERYNTHIA), Madre de Dios, Logroño, Spain
| | - Ruth Escobés
- Asociación Española para la Protección de las Mariposas y su Medio (ZERYNTHIA), Madre de Dios, Logroño, Spain
| | - Vlad Dincă
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Roger Vila
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Ehl S, Hostert K, Korsch J, Gros P, Schmitt T. Sexual dimorphism in the alpine butterflies Boloria pales and Boloria napaea: differences in movement and foraging behavior (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae). INSECT SCIENCE 2018; 25:1089-1101. [PMID: 28618194 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 03/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism is a widespread phenomenon in Lepidoptera. It is reflected in differences in life history, behavior and morphology. Analyses of differences in behavior are mostly difficult and time-consuming, especially in high mountain ecosystems. To enhance our knowledge on sexual dimorphisms of alpine butterflies, we performed a mark-release-recapture study on 2 species common in the Alps: Boloria pales and Boloria napaea. We analysed movement and foraging behavior to investigate differences between sexes. Both sexes were mostly sedentary and the movement distances of males and females similar. However, obvious differences in dispersal behavior between the sexes were found in the movement patterns. Three different patterns were distinguished. Most males showed intensive flight activity, but mostly flew only in a limited part of the entire habitat (i.e., their individual home range) searching for females, whereas females were less flight active and flew only to find places for oviposition or feeding. The third pattern, where individuals flew larger distances, was only observed in a small number of males, which always returned to their home range. Nearly all feeding was observed on Asteraceae. However, males preferred the genera Leontodon and Crepis, while females preferred Leontodon and Carduus. Apart from this sexual difference in foraging, individuals of both sexes were found to be more or less specialised on nectar sources. Flight activity was generally greater in males than females. Therefore, we think that sex-specific requirements in nectar ingredients exist, that is, sugar for the intensive flight activity of males and amino acids for egg production of females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Ehl
- Department of Biogeography, University of Trier, Trier, Germany
| | | | - Jana Korsch
- Department of Biogeography, University of Trier, Trier, Germany
| | - Patrick Gros
- Haus der Natur Salzburg, Work group Entomology, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Thomas Schmitt
- Senckenberg German Entomological Institute, Müncheberg, Germany
- Entomology, Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
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16
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Zhao M, Chang Y, Kimball RT, Zhao J, Lei F, Qu Y. Pleistocene glaciation explains the disjunct distribution of the Chestnut‐vented Nuthatch (Aves, Sittidae). ZOOL SCR 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- Department of Biology University of Florida Gainesville Florida
| | - Yongbin Chang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | | | - Jian Zhao
- School of Life Sciences Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou China
| | - Fumin Lei
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Yanhua Qu
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
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17
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Valbuena-Ureña E, Oromi N, Soler-Membrives A, Carranza S, Amat F, Camarasa S, Denoël M, Guillaume O, Sanuy D, Loyau A, Schmeller DS, Steinfartz S. Jailed in the mountains: Genetic diversity and structure of an endemic newt species across the Pyrenees. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200214. [PMID: 30071027 PMCID: PMC6071966 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The Pyrenees represent a natural laboratory for biogeographic, evolutionary and ecological research of mountain fauna as a result of the high variety of habitats and the profound effect of the glacial and interglacial periods. There is a paucity of studies providing a detailed insight into genetic processes and better knowledge on the patterns of genetic diversity and how they are maintained under high altitude conditions. This is of particular interest when considering the course of past climate conditions and glaciations in a species which is considered site tenacious, with long generation times. Here we analyzed the genetic patterns of diversity and structure of the endemic Pyrenean brook newt (Calotriton asper) along its distribution range, with special emphasis on the distinct habitat types (caves, streams, and lakes), and the altitudinal and geographical ranges, using a total set of 900 individuals from 44 different localities across the Pyrenean mountain range genotyped for 19 microsatellite loci. We found evidence for a negative longitudinal and positive altitudinal gradient of genetic diversity in C. asper populations. The fact that genetic diversity was markedly higher westwards is in accordance with other Pyrenean species. However, the impact of altitudinal gradient on the genetic diversity seems to differ from other species, and mostly from other amphibians. We found that lower altitudes can act as a barrier probably because the lowlands do not provide a suitable habitat for C. asper. Regarding the distinct habitat types, caves had significantly lower values of genetic diversity compared to streams or lakes. The mean FST value was relatively high (0.304) with maximum values as high as 0.771, suggesting a highly structured total population. Indeed, populations were grouped into five subclusters, the eastern populations (cluster 1) remained grouped into two subclusters and the central-western Pyrenees (cluster 2) into three subclusters. The increase of isolation with geographical distance is consistent with the population structure detected. In conclusion, C. asper seems to be adapted to high altitude mountain habitats, and its genetic diversity is higher in the western Pyrenees. In terms of conservation priority, we consider more relevant the populations that represent a reservoir of genetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilio Valbuena-Ureña
- Unitat de Zoologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Catalonia, Spain
- Centre de Fauna Salvatge de Torreferrussa (Catalan Wildlife Service–Forestal Catalana), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Neus Oromi
- Departament de Ciència Animal (Fauna Silvestre), Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Anna Soler-Membrives
- Unitat de Zoologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Catalonia, Spain
- * E-mail: (ASM); (SS)
| | - Salvador Carranza
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fèlix Amat
- Àrea d’Herpetologia, Museu de Granollers, Ciències Naturals, Granollers, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Sebastià Camarasa
- Departament de Ciència Animal (Fauna Silvestre), Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Mathieu Denoël
- Laboratory of Fish and Amphibian Ethology, Behavioural Biology Group, Freshwater and OCeanic science Unit of reSearch (FOCUS), University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Olivier Guillaume
- Station d'Ecologie Théorique et Expérimentale CNRS-Université de Toulouse, Moulis, France
| | - Delfí Sanuy
- Departament de Ciència Animal (Fauna Silvestre), Universitat de Lleida, Lleida, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Adeline Loyau
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research–UFZ, Department of Conservation Biology, Leipzig, Germany
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Dirk S. Schmeller
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research–UFZ, Department of Conservation Biology, Leipzig, Germany
- EcoLab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Sebastian Steinfartz
- Zoological Institute, Department of Evolutionary Biology, Unit of Molecular Ecology, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
- * E-mail: (ASM); (SS)
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18
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Ehl S, Dalstein V, Tull F, Gros P, Schmitt T. Specialized or opportunistic-how does the high mountain endemic butterfly Erebia nivalis survive in its extreme habitats? INSECT SCIENCE 2018; 25:161-171. [PMID: 27628710 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/31/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
High mountain ecosystems are a challenge for the survival of animal and plant species, which have to evolve specific adaptations to cope with the prevailing extreme conditions. The strategies to survive may reach from opportunistic to highly adapted traits. One species successfully surviving under these conditions is the here studied butterfly Erebia nivalis. In a mark-release-recapture study performed in the Hohe Tauern National Park (Austria) from 22 July to 26 August 2013, we marked 1386 individuals and recaptured 342 of these. For each capture event, we recorded the exact point of capture and various other traits (wing conditions, behavior, nectar sources). The population showed a partial protandrous demography with the minority of males emerging prior to the females, but the majority being synchronized with them. Males and females differed significantly in their behavior with males being more flight active and females nectaring and resting more. Both sexes showed preferences for the same plant species as nectar sources, but this specialization apparently is the result of a rapid individual adaptation to the locally available flowers. Estimates of the realized dispersal distances predicted a comparatively high amount of long-distance flights, especially for females. Therefore, the adaptation of Erebia nivalis to the unpredictable high mountain conditions might be a mixture of opportunism and specialized traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Ehl
- Biogeography, Trier University, Trier, Germany
| | | | | | - Patrick Gros
- Haus der Natur Salzburg, Department Entomology, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Thomas Schmitt
- Senckenberg German Entomological Institute, Department Taxonomy and Biogeography, Müncheberg, Germany
- Entomology, Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, (Saale), Germany
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19
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Theodoridis S, Randin C, Szövényi P, Boucher FC, Patsiou TS, Conti E. How Do Cold-Adapted Plants Respond to Climatic Cycles? Interglacial Expansion Explains Current Distribution and Genomic Diversity in Primula farinosa L. Syst Biol 2018; 66:715-736. [PMID: 28334079 DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/syw114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the effects of past climatic fluctuations on the distribution and population-size dynamics of cold-adapted species is essential for predicting their responses to ongoing global climate change. In spite of the heterogeneity of cold-adapted species, two main contrasting hypotheses have been proposed to explain their responses to Late Quaternary glacial cycles, namely, the interglacial contraction versus the interglacial expansion hypotheses. Here, we use the cold-adapted plant Primula farinosa to test two demographic models under each of the two alternative hypotheses and a fifth, null model. We first approximate the time and extent of demographic contractions and expansions during the Late Quaternary by projecting species distribution models across the last 72 ka. We also generate genome-wide sequence data using a Reduced Representation Library approach to reconstruct the spatial structure, genetic diversity, and phylogenetic relationships of lineages within P. farinosa. Finally, by integrating the results of climatic and genomic analyses in an Approximate Bayesian Computation framework, we propose the most likely model for the extent and direction of population-size changes in $P$. farinosa through the Late Quaternary. Our results support the interglacial expansion of $P$. farinosa, differing from the prevailing paradigm that the observed distribution of cold-adapted species currently fragmented in high altitude and latitude regions reflects the consequences of postglacial contraction processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyros Theodoridis
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Randin
- Institute of Botany, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Ecology & Evolution, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Peter Szövényi
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Florian C Boucher
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Botany and Zoology, University of Stellenbosch, 7602 Matieland, South Africa
| | - Theofania S Patsiou
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland.,Institute of Botany, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Elena Conti
- Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland.,Zurich-Basel Plant Science Center, CH-8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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20
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Vrba P, Zapletalová L, Zapletal M, Konvička M. Pre-winter larval activity and feeding behavior of Erebia aethiops and E. cassioides in Austrian Alps. Biologia (Bratisl) 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/biolog-2017-0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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21
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Quaternary history, population genetic structure and diversity of the cold-adapted Alpine newt Ichthyosaura alpestris in peninsular Italy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2955. [PMID: 28592856 PMCID: PMC5462806 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03116-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mediterranean peninsulas are major biodiversity hotspots, and cold-adapted species are an important component of this biodiversity. However, cold-adapted species contributed surprisingly little to our knowledge of the intimate links between Quaternary environmental changes, species' responses to these changes, and current patterns of intraspecific biodiversity. Here, we investigated the genetic structure and evolutionary history of a cold-adapted amphibian, the Alpine newt Ichthyosaura alpestris, within the Italian peninsula. Nuclear and mitochondrial markers consistently identified three distinct genetic lineages, whose divergence dates to the Early Pleistocene (1.9 and 0.8 million years ago). Our results show that the Italian peninsula provided multiple Pleistocene refugia to this cold-adapted species, and suggest that allopatric fragmentation followed by secondary admixture have been key events in the formation of its current pattern of genetic diversity. Indeed, estimates of population genetic diversity clearly identified contact populations as those achieving the highest levels of diversity. Such concordance among cold-adapted and temperate species in terms of processes triggering the formation of regional patterns of genetic diversity provides strong support for the hypothesis that gene exchange between divergent lineages, rather than long-term stability of refugial populations, has been the main step toward the formation of hotspots of intraspecific biodiversity.
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22
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Molecular Biogeography of the High Mountain Systems of Europe: An Overview. HIGH MOUNTAIN CONSERVATION IN A CHANGING WORLD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-55982-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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23
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Kramp K, Cizek O, Madeira PM, Ramos AA, Konvicka M, Castilho R, Schmitt T. Genetic implications of phylogeographical patterns in the conservation of the boreal wetland butterflyColias palaeno(Pieridae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Katja Kramp
- Senckenberg German Entomological Institute; 15374 Müncheberg Germany
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; 54296 Trier Germany
| | - Oldrich Cizek
- Hutur NGO; J. Purkyne 1616 50002 Hradec Kralove Czech Republic
- Faculty of Sciences; University South Bohemia; Branisovska 31 370 05 Ceske Budejovice Czech Republic
- Faculty of Environment; Czech University of Life Sciences; Kamycka 961 165 21 Praha Czech Republic
| | - Pedro M. Madeira
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR); Universidade do Algarve; Campus de Gambelas 8005-139 Faro Portugal
| | - Ana A. Ramos
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR); Universidade do Algarve; Campus de Gambelas 8005-139 Faro Portugal
| | - Martin Konvicka
- Faculty of Sciences; University South Bohemia; Branisovska 31 370 05 Ceske Budejovice Czech Republic
- Institute of Entomology; Biological Centre CAS; Branisovska 31 370 05 Ceske Budejovice Czech Republic
| | - Rita Castilho
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR); Universidade do Algarve; Campus de Gambelas 8005-139 Faro Portugal
| | - Thomas Schmitt
- Senckenberg German Entomological Institute; 15374 Müncheberg Germany
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; 54296 Trier Germany
- Department of Zoology; Faculty Natural Sciences I; Institute of Biology; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; 06099 Halle (Saale) Germany
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24
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Starcová M, Vohralík V, Kryštufek B, Bolfíková BČ, Hulva P. Phylogeography of the Alpine shrew,Sorex alpinus(Soricidae, Mammalia). FOLIA ZOOLOGICA 2016. [DOI: 10.25225/fozo.v65.i2.a6.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Magda Starcová
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 7, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic;, ,
| | - Vladimír Vohralík
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 7, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic;, ,
| | - Boris Kryštufek
- Slovenian Museum of Natural History, Prešernova 20, p.p. 290, SI-1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Barbora Černá Bolfíková
- Faculty of Tropical and AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences, Kamýcká 129, 165 00 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Hulva
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 7, 128 00 Prague 2, Czech Republic;, ,
- Department of Biology and Ecology, University of Ostrava, Chittussiho 10, 710 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
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25
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Trettin J, Agrawal S, Heinze J. Phylogeography of social polymorphism in a boreo-montane ant. BMC Evol Biol 2016; 16:137. [PMID: 27334379 PMCID: PMC4918132 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-016-0711-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The disjunct distribution of several Palearctic species has been widely shaped by the changes in climatic conditions during the Quaternary. The observed genetic differentiation or reproductive isolation between extant populations may be the outcome of their contemporary geographic separation or reproductive incompatibility due to differences in phenotypic traits which have evolved in isolated refugia. In the boreal ant Leptothorax acervorum, colonies from central and peripheral populations differ in social structure: colonies from Central and Northern Europe may contain several equally reproductive queens (facultative polygyny), while in colonies from peripheral populations in Spain only one the most dominant of several queens lays eggs (functional monogyny). By reconstructing the specie’s evolutionary and demographic history in Southwestern Europe we examine whether variation in social organization is associated with restricted gene flow between the two social forms. Results We show that multi-queen colonies from all so far known inner Iberian populations of L. acervorum are functionally monogynous, whereas multi-queen colonies from all Pyrenean populations are polygynous, like those from other previously studied areas in Europe. Our analyses revealed complex spatial-genetic structure, but no association between spatial-genetic structure and social organization in SW-Europe. The population in the western Pyrenees diverged most strongly from other Iberian populations. Moreover, microsatellite data suggest the occurrence of recent bottlenecks in Pyrenean and inner Iberian populations. Conclusions Our study shows a lack of reproductive isolation between the two social forms in SW-Europe. This in turn suggests that demographic and spatial patterns in genetic variation as well as the distribution of social phenotypes are better explained by co-variation with climatic, ecological, and historical factors. Moreover, we for the first time show the existence of substantial spatial-genetic structure in L. acervorum, suggesting the existence of multiple refugia in SW-Europe, including two extra-Mediterranean refugia in France. While gene flow among inner Iberian refugia may have been larger during the late glacial, extra-Mediterranean refugia in southern France may have contributed to the post-glacial recolonization of W-Europe. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-016-0711-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Trettin
- Zoology / Evolutionary Biology, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Shobhit Agrawal
- Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, 27570, Bremerhaven, Germany
| | - Jürgen Heinze
- Zoology / Evolutionary Biology, Universität Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
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26
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Wachter GA, Papadopoulou A, Muster C, Arthofer W, Knowles LL, Steiner FM, Schlick-Steiner BC. Glacial refugia, recolonization patterns and diversification forces in Alpine-endemicMegabunusharvestmen. Mol Ecol 2016; 25:2904-19. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2016] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregor A. Wachter
- Molecular Ecology Group; Institute of Ecology; University of Innsbruck; Technikerstraße 25 6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Anna Papadopoulou
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Museum of Zoology; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI 48109-1079 USA
- Department of Integrative Ecology; Estación Biológica de Doñana (CSIC); 41092 Seville Spain
| | - Christoph Muster
- Zoological Institute and Museum; University of Greifswald; Johann-Sebastian-Bach-Straße 11/12 17487 Greifswald Germany
| | - Wolfgang Arthofer
- Molecular Ecology Group; Institute of Ecology; University of Innsbruck; Technikerstraße 25 6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - L. Lacey Knowles
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology; Museum of Zoology; University of Michigan; Ann Arbor MI 48109-1079 USA
| | - Florian M. Steiner
- Molecular Ecology Group; Institute of Ecology; University of Innsbruck; Technikerstraße 25 6020 Innsbruck Austria
| | - Birgit C. Schlick-Steiner
- Molecular Ecology Group; Institute of Ecology; University of Innsbruck; Technikerstraße 25 6020 Innsbruck Austria
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Froufe E, Prié V, Faria J, Ghamizi M, Gonçalves DV, Gürlek ME, Karaouzas I, Kebapçi Ü, Şereflişan H, Sobral C, Sousa R, Teixeira A, Varandas S, Zogaris S, Lopes-Lima M. Phylogeny, phylogeography, and evolution in the Mediterranean region: News from a freshwater mussel (Potomida, Unionida). Mol Phylogenet Evol 2016; 100:322-332. [PMID: 27118180 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2016.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Potomida genus (Bivalvia, Unionida) has a Circum-Mediterranean distribution and like other freshwater mussel species, its populations have suffered dramatic declines. Although this genus is currently considered as monotypic, it has a long history of taxonomic revisions and presently many aspects of its systematics and evolutionary history are unclear. We sampled a total of 323 individuals from 39 different sites across the Potomida genus distribution, and sequenced two mitochondrial (16S rDNA and Cytochrome c Oxidase Subunit I) and one nuclear (28S rDNA) genes to clarify its phylogeny and phylogeographic history. Our results show that the genus includes two well-supported clades, one comprising solely the western Mediterranean species Potomida littoralis, and the other including two eastern Mediterranean species, the Greek endemic P. acarnanica and the Anatolian and Middle Eastern P. semirugata. We suggest that Potomida started radiating during the upper Miocene, and that both vicariance and dispersal events shaped the diversification and distribution of the genus along the Mediterranean region. P. littoralis is further divided in two mitochondrial lineages, one restricted to Europe and the other occurring mostly in North Africa. Moreover, some European basins present both lineages in sympatry. The conservation status of the three recognized species should be reevaluated, particularly P. acarnanica, since it is restricted to two Greek river basins presenting a high risk of extinction. Overall, our results clarify some important gaps in knowledge concerning the phylogeny, phylogeography and evolution of the Potomida genus in the Mediterranean region with important taxonomical, ecological and conservational implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Froufe
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, P 4050-123 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Vincent Prié
- Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Département Systématique et Evolution, ISyEB (UMR 7205 CNRS/UPMC/MNHN/EPHE), 43, Rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris, France
| | - João Faria
- cE3c - Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group, and University of Azores, Department of Biology, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, São Miguel, Azores, Portugal
| | - Mohamed Ghamizi
- Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Marrakech, Université Cadi Ayyad, Faculté des Sciences, Semlalia, B.P. 2390 Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Duarte V Gonçalves
- CIBIO/InBIO, Research Centre in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources, University of Porto, R. Padre Armando Quintas, 4485-661 Vairão, Portugal; Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal; Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37-49, E-08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Ioannis Karaouzas
- Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), 46.7 km Athens-Sounio Av., Anavissos 19013, Greece
| | - Ümit Kebapçi
- Biology Department of Art and Science Faculty, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Hülya Şereflişan
- Faculty of Marine Sciences and Technology, İskenderun Technical University, 31200 Iskenderun, Hatay, Turkey
| | - Carina Sobral
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, P 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ronaldo Sousa
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, P 4050-123 Porto, Portugal; CBMA - Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Amílcar Teixeira
- CIMO-ESA-IPB - Mountain Research Centre, School of Agriculture, Polytechnic Institute of Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, Apartado 1172, 5301-854 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Simone Varandas
- CITAB-UTAD - Centre for Research and Technology of Agro-Environment and Biological Sciences, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, Forestry Department, Apartado 1013, 5001-811 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Stamatis Zogaris
- Institute of Marine Biological Resources and Inland Waters, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR), 46.7 km Athens-Sounio Av., Anavissos 19013, Greece
| | - Manuel Lopes-Lima
- CIIMAR/CIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, University of Porto, Rua dos Bragas 289, P 4050-123 Porto, Portugal
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Schmitt T, Louy D, Zimmermann E, Habel JC. Species radiation in the Alps: multiple range shifts caused diversification in Ringlet butterflies in the European high mountains. ORG DIVERS EVOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13127-016-0282-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Bidegaray-Batista L, Sánchez-gracia A, Santulli G, Maiorano L, Guisan A, Vogler AP, Arnedo MA. Imprints of multiple glacial refugia in the Pyrenees revealed by phylogeography and palaeodistribution modelling of an endemic spider. Mol Ecol 2016; 25:2046-64. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Bidegaray-Batista
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat; Universitat de Barcelona; Av. Diagonal 643 08028 Barcelona Spain
- Departament de Biologia Animal; Facultat de Biologia; Universitat de Barcelona; Av. Diagonal 643 08028 Barcelona Spain
- Laboratorio de Etología, Ecología y Evolución; Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Clemente Estable; Avenida Italia 3318 11600 Montevideo Uruguay
| | - Alejandro Sánchez-gracia
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat; Universitat de Barcelona; Av. Diagonal 643 08028 Barcelona Spain
- Departament de Genètica; Facultat de Biologia; Universitat de Barcelona; Av. Diagonal 643 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Giulia Santulli
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat; Universitat de Barcelona; Av. Diagonal 643 08028 Barcelona Spain
- Departament de Biologia Animal; Facultat de Biologia; Universitat de Barcelona; Av. Diagonal 643 08028 Barcelona Spain
| | - Luigi Maiorano
- Department of Ecology and Evolution; University of Lausanne; Biophore Building CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies ‘Charles Darwin’; University of Rome ‘La Sapienza’; viale dell'Università 32 00185 Rome Italy
| | - Antoine Guisan
- Department of Ecology and Evolution; University of Lausanne; Biophore Building CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- Institute of Earth Surface Dynamics; University of Lausanne; Geopolis Building CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland
| | - Alfried P. Vogler
- Department of Life Sciences; Natural History Museum; Cromwell Road London SW7 5BD UK
- Department of Life Sciences; Imperial College London; Silwood Park Campus Ascot SL5 7PY UK
| | - Miquel A. Arnedo
- Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat; Universitat de Barcelona; Av. Diagonal 643 08028 Barcelona Spain
- Departament de Biologia Animal; Facultat de Biologia; Universitat de Barcelona; Av. Diagonal 643 08028 Barcelona Spain
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30
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Froufe E, Gonçalves DV, Teixeira A, Sousa R, Varandas S, Ghamizi M, Zieritz A, Lopes-Lima M. Who lives where? Molecular and morphometric analyses clarify which Unio species (Unionida, Mollusca) inhabit the southwestern Palearctic. ORG DIVERS EVOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13127-016-0262-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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31
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Junker M, Zimmermann M, Ramos AA, Gros P, Konvička M, Nève G, Rákosy L, Tammaru T, Castilho R, Schmitt T. Three in One--Multiple Faunal Elements within an Endangered European Butterfly Species. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0142282. [PMID: 26566029 PMCID: PMC4643965 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0142282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 10/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ice ages within Europe forced many species to retreat to refugia, of which three major biogeographic basic types can be distinguished: "Mediterranean", "Continental" and "Alpine / Arctic" species. However, this classification often fails to explain the complex phylogeography of European species with a wide range of latitudinal and altitudinal distribution. Hence, we tested for the possibility that all three mentioned faunal elements are represented within one species. Our data was obtained by scoring 1,307 Euphydryas aurinia individuals (46 European locations) for 17 allozyme loci, and sequencing a subset of 492 individuals (21 sites) for a 626 base pairs COI fragment. Genetic diversity indices, F statistics, hierarchical analyses of molecular variance, individual-based clustering, and networks were used to explore the phylogeographic patterns. The COI fragment represented 18 haplotypes showing a strong geographic structure. All but one allozyme loci analysed were polymorphic with a mean FST of 0.20, supporting a pronounced among population structure. Interpretation of both genetic marker systems, using several analytical tools, calls for the recognition of twelve genetic groups. These analyses consistently distinguished different groups in Iberia (2), Italy, Provence, Alps (3), Slovenia, Carpathian Basin, the lowlands of West and Central Europe as well as Estonia, often with considerable additional substructures. The genetic data strongly support the hypothesis that E. aurinia survived the last glaciation in Mediterranean, extra-Mediterranean and perialpine refugia. It is thus a rare example of a model organism that combines attributes of faunal elements from all three of these sources. The observed differences between allozymes and mtDNA most likely result from recent introgression of mtDNA into nuclear allozyme groups. Our results indicate discrepancies with the morphologically-based subspecies models, underlining the need to revise the current taxonomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Junker
- Department of Biogeography, Trier University, Trier, Germany
| | - Marie Zimmermann
- Université de Tours, CNRS, UMR 6035 –IRBI, Avenue Monge, Parc Grandmont, Tours, France
| | - Ana A. Ramos
- Centre of Marine Sciences, CCMAR/CIMAR Associate Laboratory, University of Algarve, Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Patrick Gros
- Haus der Natur, Museum für Natur und Technik, Museumsplatz 5, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Martin Konvička
- School of Biological Sciences, University South Bohemia, Branisovska 31, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Gabriel Nève
- Institut Méditerranéen de Biodiversité et d’Ecologie marine et continentale, Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, IRD, Avignon Université, Case 36, 3 place Victor Hugo, Marseille Cedex 3, France
| | - László Rákosy
- Faculty of Biology, University Babes-Bolyai, Str. Clinicilor 5–7, Cluj, Romania
| | - Toomas Tammaru
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Vanemuise 46, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Rita Castilho
- Centre of Marine Sciences, CCMAR/CIMAR Associate Laboratory, University of Algarve, Gambelas, Faro, Portugal
| | - Thomas Schmitt
- Department of Biogeography, Trier University, Trier, Germany
- Senckenberg German Entomological Institute, Eberswalder Straße 90, Müncheberg, Germany
- Zoology, Institute of Biology, Faculty Natural Science I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
- * E-mail:
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32
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Kleckova I, Cesanek M, Fric Z, Pellissier L. Diversification of the cold-adapted butterfly genus Oeneis related to Holarctic biogeography and climatic niche shifts. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2015; 92:255-65. [PMID: 26166775 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2015.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 05/30/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Both geographical and ecological speciation interact during the evolution of a clade, but the relative contribution of these processes is rarely assessed for cold-dwelling biota. Here, we investigate the role of biogeography and the evolution of ecological traits on the diversification of the Holarctic arcto-alpine butterfly genus Oeneis (Lepidoptera: Satyrinae). We reconstructed the molecular phylogeny of the genus based on one mitochondrial (COI) and three nuclear (GAPDH, RpS5, wingless) genes. We inferred the biogeographical scenario and the ancestral state reconstructions of climatic and habitat requirements. Within the genus, we detected five main species groups corresponding to the taxonomic division and further paraphyletic position of Neominois (syn. n.). Next, we transferred O. aktashi from the hora to the polixenes species group on the bases of molecular relationships. We found that the genus originated in the dry grasslands of the mountains of Central Asia and dispersed over the Beringian Land Bridges to North America several times independently. Holarctic mountains, in particular the Asian Altai Mts. and Sayan Mts., host the oldest lineages and most of the species diversity. Arctic species are more recent, with Pliocene or Pleistocene origin. We detected a strong phylogenetic signal for the climatic niche, where one lineage diversified towards colder conditions. Altogether, our results indicate that both dispersal across geographical areas and occupation of distinct climatic niches promoted the diversification of the Oeneis genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Kleckova
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - M Cesanek
- Bodrocká 30, 821 07 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Z Fric
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic; Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - L Pellissier
- University of Fribourg, Department of Biology, Ecology & Evolution, Chemin du Musée 10, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland; Landscape Ecology, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL, 8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland
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33
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Peña C, Witthauer H, Klečková I, Fric Z, Wahlberg N. Adaptive radiations in butterflies: evolutionary history of the genusErebia(Nymphalidae: Satyrinae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Peña
- Department of Biology; Laboratory of Genetics; University of Turku; 20014 Turku Finland
| | - Heike Witthauer
- Department of Biology; Laboratory of Genetics; University of Turku; 20014 Turku Finland
| | - Irena Klečková
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Institute of Entomology; Branišovská 31 370 05 České Budějovice Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science; University of South Bohemia; Branišovská 31 370 05 České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk Fric
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences; Institute of Entomology; Branišovská 31 370 05 České Budějovice Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science; University of South Bohemia; Branišovská 31 370 05 České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Niklas Wahlberg
- Department of Biology; Laboratory of Genetics; University of Turku; 20014 Turku Finland
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34
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Panigaj Ľ, Šemeláková M, Pristaš P. The phylogenetic relationship of Western Carpathians Erebia spp. (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) based on mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit I sequence analysis. Biologia (Bratisl) 2015. [DOI: 10.1515/biolog-2015-0045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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35
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Espíndola A, Carstens BC, Alvarez N. Comparative phylogeography of mutualists and the effect of the host on the genetic structure of its partners. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anahí Espíndola
- Department of Ecology and Evolution; University of Lausanne; Biophore Building 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
- Department of Biological Sciences; University of Idaho; Life Sciences South 252, 875 Perimeter Drive Moscow ID 83844-3051 USA
| | - Bryan C. Carstens
- Department of Evolution; Ecology and Organismal Biology; 300 Aronoff Laboratory; The Ohio State University; 318 West 12th Avenue Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - Nadir Alvarez
- Department of Ecology and Evolution; University of Lausanne; Biophore Building 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
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36
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Schmitt T, Habel JC, Rödder D, Louy D. Effects of recent and past climatic shifts on the genetic structure of the high mountain yellow-spotted ringlet butterfly Erebia manto (Lepidoptera, Satyrinae): a conservation problem. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2014; 20:2045-2061. [PMID: 24753365 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/04/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Mountain species have evolved important genetic differentiation due to past climatic fluctuations. The genetic uniqueness of many of these lineages is now at risk due to global warming. Here, we analyse allozyme polymorphisms of 1306 individuals (36 populations) of the mountain butterfly Erebia manto and perform Species Distribution Models (SDMs). As a consensus of analyses, we obtained six most likely genetic clusters: (i) Pyrenees with Massif Central; (ii) Vosges; (iii-v) Alps including the Slovakian Carpathians; (vi) southern Carpathians. The Vosges population showed the strongest genetic split from all other populations, being almost as strong as the split between E. manto and its sister species Erebia eriphyle. The distinctiveness of the Pyrenees-Massif Central group and of the southern Carpathians group from all other groups is also quite high. All three groups are assumed to have survived more than one full glacial-interglacial cycle close to their current distributions with up-hill and down-slope shifts conforming climatic conditions. In contrast with these well-differentiated groups, the three groups present in the Alps and the Slovakian Carpathians show a much shallower genetic structure and thus also should be of a more recent origin. As predicted by our SDM projections, rising temperatures will strongly impact the distribution of E. manto. While the populations in the Alps are predicted to shrink, the survival of the three lineages present here should not be at risk. The situation of the three other lineages is quite different. All models predict the extinction of the Vosges lineage in the wake of global warming, and also the southern Carpathians and Pyrenees-Massif Central lineages might be at high risk to disappear. Thus, albeit global warming will therefore be unlikely to threaten E. manto as a species, an important proportion of the species' intraspecific differentiation and thus uniqueness might be lost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schmitt
- Department of Biogeography, Trier University, Trier, D-54286, Germany
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37
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Louy D, Habel JC, Abadjiev S, Rákosy L, Varga Z, Rödder D, Schmitt T. Molecules and models indicate diverging evolutionary effects from parallel altitudinal range shifts in two mountain Ringlet butterflies. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Louy
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; D-54286 Trier Germany
| | - Jan Christian Habel
- Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management; Technische Universität München; D-85354 Freising-Weihenstephan Germany
| | - Stanislav Abadjiev
- National Museum of Natural History; Bulgarian Academy of Sciences; BG-1000 Sofia Bulgaria
| | - László Rákosy
- Department of Taxonomy and Ecology; Babes-Bolyai University; RO-40006 Cluj Romania
| | - Zoltán Varga
- Department of Evolutionary Zoology; University of Debrecen; H-4010 Debrecen Hungary
| | - Dennis Rödder
- Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig; D-53113 Bonn Germany
| | - Thomas Schmitt
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; D-54286 Trier Germany
- Senckenberg German Entomological Institute; D-15374 Müncheberg Germany
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38
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Previšić A, Schnitzler J, Kučinić M, Graf W, Ibrahimi H, Kerovec M, Pauls SU. Microscale vicariance and diversification of Western Balkan caddisflies linked to karstification. FRESHWATER SCIENCE (PRINT) 2014; 33:250-262. [PMID: 27042385 PMCID: PMC4813752 DOI: 10.1086/674430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The karst areas in the Dinaric region of the Western Balkan Peninsula are a hotspot of freshwater biodiversity. Many investigators have examined diversification of the subterranean freshwater fauna in these karst systems. However, diversification of surface-water fauna remains largely unexplored. We assessed local and regional diversification of surface-water species in karst systems and asked whether patterns of population differentiation could be explained by dispersal-diversification processes or allopatric diversification following karst-related microscale vicariance. We analyzed mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) sequence data of 4 caddisfly species (genus Drusus) in a phylogeographic framework to assess local and regional population genetic structure and Pliocene/Pleistocene history. We used BEAST software to assess the timing of intraspecific diversification of the target species. We compared climate envelopes of the study species and projected climatically suitable areas during the last glacial maximum (LGM) to assess differences in the species climatic niches and infer potential LGM refugia. The haplotype distribution of the 4 species (324 individuals from 32 populations) was characterized by strong genetic differentiation with few haplotypes shared among populations (16%) and deep divergence among populations of the 3 endemic species, even at local scales. Divergence among local populations of endemics often exceeded divergence among regional and continental clades of the widespread D. discolor. Major divergences among regional populations dated to 2.0 to 0.5 Mya. Species distribution model projections and genetic structure suggest that the endemic species persisted in situ and diversified locally throughout multiple Pleistocene climate cycles. The pattern for D. discolor was different and consistent with multiple invasions into the region. Patterns of population genetic structure and diversification were similar for the 3 regional endemic Drusus species and consistent with microscale vicariance after the onset of intensified karstification in the Dinaric region. Karstification may induce microscale vicariance of running surface-water habitats and probably promotes allopatric fragmentation of stream insects at small spatial scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Previšić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jan Schnitzler
- Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
- Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Mladen Kučinić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Wolfram Graf
- Institute of Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecology Management, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Max-Emanuel-Straße 17, 1180 Vienna, Austria
| | - Halil Ibrahimi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Prishtina, Mother Theresa p.n., 10000 Prishtina, Kosovo
| | - Mladen Kerovec
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Steffen U Pauls
- Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
- Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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Louy D, Habel JC, Ulrich W, Schmitt T. Out of the alps: the biogeography of a disjunctly distributed mountain butterfly, the almond-eyed ringlet Erebia alberganus (Lepidoptera, Satyrinae). J Hered 2013; 105:28-38. [PMID: 24286723 DOI: 10.1093/jhered/est081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies on the biogeography of thermophilic and arctic-alpine species were performed during the past. Only little is known about species with intermediate characteristics. We analyzed the molecular biogeography of the butterfly Erebia alberganus (30 populations, representing 1106 individuals), sampled over the Alps, Apennines (Italy), and the Stara Planina (Bulgaria) using allozyme electrophoresis (17 loci). Genetic analyses revealed 3 major splits, with the strongest between the Stara Planina populations and all other populations, and a weaker split between the Alps and the Apennines. Individuals from the Apennines were genetically nested within the Alps group. The Alps cluster was segregated into 3 groups: the Southwestern, Western/Central, and Eastern Alps. The genetic diversities were highest for the Alps populations and significantly lower in the 2 isolates (Apennines, Stara Planina). The remarkable genetic split between Stara Planina and all other populations and the genetic distinctiveness of the former cluster might be interpreted as an ancient colonization event of this Balkan mountain range. The Apennines populations derive from a more recent expansion out of the Southwestern Alps. After surviving the Würm ice age most probably in the central Apennines, accompanied by genetic modification of some of these populations, northward expansion might have started from the western parts of the central Apennines reaching the northern Apennines during the early postglacial. The subtle genetic differentiation found among the Alps populations probably reflects 3 geographically disjunct Würm glacial centers located at the western slopes of the Southwestern Alps, at the southern slopes of the Central Alps, and in the Southeastern Alps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Louy
- the Department of Biogeography, Trier University, Universitätsring 15, D-54286 Trier, Germany
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Louy D, Habel JC, Abadjiev S, Schmitt T. Genetic legacy from past panmixia: high genetic variability and low differentiation in disjunct populations of the Eastern Large Heath butterfly. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2013. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Louy
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; D-54286; Trier; Germany
| | - Jan Christian Habel
- Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management; Technische Universität München; D-85350; Freising-Weihenstephan; Germany
| | - Stanislav Abadjiev
- National Museum of Natural History; Bulgarian Academy of Sciences; BG-1000; Sofia; Bulgaria
| | - Thomas Schmitt
- Department of Biogeography; Trier University; D-54286; Trier; Germany
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Homburg K, Drees C, Gossner MM, Rakosy L, Vrezec A, Assmann T. Multiple glacial refugia of the low-dispersal ground beetle Carabus irregularis: molecular data support predictions of species distribution models. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61185. [PMID: 23593425 PMCID: PMC3617161 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Classical glacial refugia such as the southern European peninsulas were important for species survival during glacial periods and acted as sources of post-glacial colonisation processes. Only recently, some studies have provided evidence for glacial refugia north of the southern European peninsulas. In the present study, we combined species distribution models (SDMs) with phylogeographic analyses (using mitochondrial DNA = mtDNA) to investigate if the cold-adapted, stenotopic and flightless ground beetle species, Carabus irregularis, survived the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) in classical and/or other refugia. SDMs (for both a western European and for a Carpathian subgroup) were calculated with MAXENT on the basis of 645 species records to predict current and past distribution patterns. Two mtDNA loci (CO1 and ND5, concatenated sequence length: 1785 bp) were analyzed from 91 C. irregularis specimens to reconstruct the phylogeography of Central and eastern European populations and to estimate divergence times of the given lineages. Strong intra-specific genetic differentiation (inter-clade ΦST values ranged from 0.92 to 0.99) implied long-term isolation of major clades and subsclades. The high divergence between the nominate subspecies and the Carpathian subspecies C. i. montandoni points to two independent species rather than subspecies (K-2P distance 0.042 ± 0.004; supposed divergence of the maternal lineages dated back 1.6 to 2.5 million years BP) differing not only morphologically but also genetically and ecologically from each other. The SDMs also inferred classical as well as other refugia for C. irregularis, especially north of the Alps, in southeastern Europe and in the Carpathians. The coincidences between the results of both methods confirm the assumption of multiple glacial refugia for the studied species and the usefulness of combining methodological approaches for the understanding of the history of low-dispersal insect species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Homburg
- Leuphana University Lüneburg, Institute of Ecology, Lüneburg, Germany.
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42
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Dieker P, Drees C, Schmitt T, Assmann T. Low genetic diversity of a high mountain burnet moth species in the Pyrenees. CONSERV GENET 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-012-0424-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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43
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Mutanen M, Hausmann A, Hebert PDN, Landry JF, de Waard JR, Huemer P. Allopatry as a gordian knot for taxonomists: patterns of DNA barcode divergence in arctic-alpine lepidoptera. PLoS One 2012; 7:e47214. [PMID: 23071761 PMCID: PMC3469483 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Many cold adapted species occur in both montane settings and in the subarctic. Their disjunct distributions create taxonomic complexity because there is no standardized method to establish whether their allopatric populations represent single or different species. This study employs DNA barcoding to gain new perspectives on the levels and patterns of sequence divergence among populations of 122 arctic-alpine species of Lepidoptera from the Alps, Fennoscandia and North America. It reveals intraspecific variability in the barcode region ranging from 0.00-10.08%. Eleven supposedly different species pairs or groups show close genetic similarity, suggesting possible synonymy in many cases. However, a total of 33 species show evidence of cryptic diversity as evidenced by the presence of lineages with over 2% maximum barcode divergence in Europe, in North America or between the two continents. Our study also reveals cases where taxonomic names have been used inconsistently between regions and exposes misidentifications. Overall, DNA barcodes have great potential to both increase taxonomic resolution and to make decisions concerning the taxonomic status of allopatric populations more objective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Mutanen
- Zoological Museum, Department of Biology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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44
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Reis DM, Cunha RL, Patrão C, Rebelo R, Castilho R. Salamandra salamandra (Amphibia: Caudata: Salamandridae) in Portugal: not all black and yellow. Genetica 2011; 139:1095-105. [DOI: 10.1007/s10709-011-9609-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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45
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Garcia JT, Mañosa S, Morales MB, Ponjoan A, García de la Morena EL, Bota G, Bretagnolle V, Dávila JA. Genetic consequences of interglacial isolation in a steppe bird. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2011; 61:671-6. [PMID: 21835255 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2011.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Revised: 07/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In response to climate changes that have occurred during Pleistocene glacial cycles, taxa associated to steppe vegetation might have followed a pattern of historical evolution in which isolation and fragmentation of populations occurred during the short interglacials and expansion events occurred during the long glacial periods, in contrast to the pattern described for temperate species. Here, we use molecular genetic data to evaluate this idea in a steppe bird with Palaearctic distribution, the little bustard (Tetrax tetrax). Overall, extremely low genetic diversity and differentiation was observed among eight little bustard populations distributed in Spain and France. Mismatch distribution analyses showed that most little bustard populations expanded during cooling periods previous to, and just after, the last interglacial period (127,000-111,000 years before present), when steppe habitats were widespread across Europe. Coalescent-based methods suggested that glacial expansions have resulted in substantial admixture in Western Europe due to the existence of different interglacial refugia. Our results are consistent with a model of evolution and genetic consequences of Pleistocene cycles with low between-population genetic differentiation as a result of short-term isolation periods during interglacials and long-term exchange during glacial periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- J T Garcia
- Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos, CSIC-UCLM, E-13005 Ciudad Real, Spain.
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TRIPONEZ Y, BUERKI S, BORER M, NAISBIT RE, RAHIER M, ALVAREZ N. Discordances between phylogenetic and morphological patterns in alpine leaf beetles attest to an intricate biogeographic history of lineages in postglacial Europe. Mol Ecol 2011; 20:2442-63. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2011.05096.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Huang CC, Hung KH, Hwang CC, Huang JC, Lin HD, Wang WK, Wu PY, Hsu TW, Chiang TY. Genetic population structure of the alpine species Rhododendron pseudochrysanthum sensu lato (Ericaceae) inferred from chloroplast and nuclear DNA. BMC Evol Biol 2011; 11:108. [PMID: 21501530 PMCID: PMC3096940 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2148-11-108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 04/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A complex of incipient species with different degrees of morphological or ecological differentiation provides an ideal model for studying species divergence. We examined the phylogeography and the evolutionary history of the Rhododendron pseudochrysanthum s. l. Results Systematic inconsistency was detected between gene genealogies of the cpDNA and nrDNA. Rooted at R. hyperythrum and R. formosana, both trees lacked reciprocal monophyly for all members of the complex. For R. pseudochrysanthum s.l., the spatial distribution of the cpDNA had a noteworthy pattern showing high genetic differentiation (FST = 0.56-0.72) between populations in the Yushan Mountain Range and populations of the other mountain ranges. Conclusion Both incomplete lineage sorting and interspecific hybridization/introgression may have contributed to the lack of monophyly among R. hyperythrum, R. formosana and R. pseudochrysanthum s.l. Independent colonizations, plus low capabilities of seed dispersal in current environments, may have resulted in the genetic differentiation between populations of different mountain ranges. At the population level, the populations of Central, and Sheishan Mountains may have undergone postglacial demographic expansion, while populations of the Yushan Mountain Range are likely to have remained stable ever since the colonization. In contrast, the single population of the Alishan Mountain Range with a fixed cpDNA haplotype may have experienced bottleneck/founder's events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Chun Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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48
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Hill JK, Griffiths HM, Thomas CD. Climate change and evolutionary adaptations at species' range margins. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ENTOMOLOGY 2011; 56:143-59. [PMID: 20809802 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-ento-120709-144746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
During recent climate warming, many insect species have shifted their ranges to higher latitudes and altitudes. These expansions mirror those that occurred after the Last Glacial Maximum when species expanded from their ice age refugia. Postglacial range expansions have resulted in clines in genetic diversity across present-day distributions, with a reduction in genetic diversity observed in a wide range of insect taxa as one moves from the historical distribution core to the current range margin. Evolutionary increases in dispersal at expanding range boundaries are commonly observed in virtually all insects that have been studied, suggesting a positive feedback between range expansion and the evolution of traits that accelerate range expansion. The ubiquity of this phenomenon suggests that it is likely to be an important determinant of range changes. A better understanding of the extent and speed of adaptation will be crucial to the responses of biodiversity and ecosystems to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane K Hill
- Department of Biology, University of York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.
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Vila M, Marí-Mena N, Guerrero A, Schmitt T. Some butterflies do not care much about topography: a single genetic lineage of Erebia euryale (Nymphalidae) along the northern Iberian mountains. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0469.2010.00587.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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50
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LOHSE KONRAD, NICHOLLS JAMESA, STONE GRAHAMN. Inferring the colonization of a mountain range-refugia vs. nunatak survival in high alpine ground beetles. Mol Ecol 2010; 20:394-408. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-294x.2010.04929.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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