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DeVore SB, Khurana Hershey GK. The role of the CBM complex in allergic inflammation and disease. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 150:1011-1030. [PMID: 35981904 PMCID: PMC9643607 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
The caspase activation and recruitment domain-coiled-coil (CARD-CC) family of proteins-CARD9, CARD10, CARD11, and CARD14-is collectively expressed across nearly all tissues of the body and is a crucial mediator of immunologic signaling as part of the CARD-B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 10-mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (CBM) complex. Dysfunction or dysregulation of CBM proteins has been linked to numerous clinical manifestations known as "CBM-opathies." The CBM-opathy spectrum encompasses diseases ranging from mucocutaneous fungal infections and psoriasis to combined immunodeficiency and lymphoproliferative diseases; however, there is accumulating evidence that the CARD-CC family members also contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of allergic inflammation and allergic diseases. Here, we review the 4 CARD-CC paralogs, as well as B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 10 and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1, and their individual and collective roles in the pathogenesis and progression of allergic inflammation and 4 major allergic diseases (allergic asthma, atopic dermatitis, food allergy, and allergic rhinitis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanley B DeVore
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Gurjit K Khurana Hershey
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio; Division of Asthma Research, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio.
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2
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Casha E. Six habits to introduce for eczema management: a guide for community nurses. Br J Community Nurs 2022; 27:63-64. [PMID: 35137614 DOI: 10.12968/bjcn.2022.27.2.63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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3
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Kobiela A, Frackowiak JE, Biernacka A, Hovhannisyan L, Bogucka AE, Panek K, Paul AA, Lukomska J, Wang X, Giannoulatou E, Krolicka A, Zielinski J, Deptula M, Pikula M, Gabrielsson S, Ogg GS, Gutowska-Owsiak D. Exposure of Keratinocytes to Candida Albicans in the Context of Atopic Milieu Induces Changes in the Surface Glycosylation Pattern of Small Extracellular Vesicles to Enhance Their Propensity to Interact With Inhibitory Siglec Receptors. Front Immunol 2022; 13:884530. [PMID: 35784319 PMCID: PMC9248261 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.884530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans (C. albicans) infection is a potential complication in the individuals with atopic dermatitis (AD) and can affect clinical course of the disease. Here, using primary keratinocytes we determined that atopic milieu promotes changes in the interaction of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) with dendritic cells and that this is further enhanced by the presence of C. albicans. sEV uptake is largely dependent on the expression of glycans on their surface; modelling of the protein interactions indicated that recognition of this pathogen through C. albicans-relevant pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) is linked to several glycosylation enzymes which may in turn affect the expression of sEV glycans. Here, significant changes in the surface glycosylation pattern, as determined by lectin array, could be observed in sEVs upon a combined exposure of keratinocytes to AD cytokines and C. albicans. This included enhanced expression of multiple types of glycans, for which several dendritic cell receptors could be proposed as binding partners. Blocking experiments showed predominant involvement of the inhibitory Siglec-7 and -9 receptors in the sEV-cell interaction and the engagement of sialic acid-containing carbohydrate moieties on the surface of sEVs. This pointed on ST6 β-Galactoside α-2,6-Sialyltransferase 1 (ST6GAL1) and Core 1 β,3-Galactosyltransferase 1 (C1GALT1) as potential enzymes involved in the process of remodelling of the sEV surface glycans upon C. albicans exposure. Our results suggest that, in combination with atopic dermatitis milieu, C. albicans promotes alterations in the glycosylation pattern of keratinocyte-derived sEVs to interact with inhibitory Siglecs on antigen presenting cells. Hence, a strategy aiming at this pathway to enhance antifungal responses and restrict pathogen spread could offer novel therapeutic options for skin candidiasis in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Kobiela
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Joanna E Frackowiak
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Biernacka
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Lilit Hovhannisyan
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Aleksandra E Bogucka
- The Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Kinga Panek
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Argho Aninda Paul
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Joanna Lukomska
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Xinwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Military Stomatology, Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China.,Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Eleni Giannoulatou
- Computational Biology Research Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine (WIMM), University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Aleksandra Krolicka
- Laboratory of Biologically Active Compounds, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jacek Zielinski
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Milena Deptula
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.,Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Embryology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Michal Pikula
- Laboratory of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Embryology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Susanne Gabrielsson
- Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Graham S Ogg
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Danuta Gutowska-Owsiak
- Experimental and Translational Immunology Group, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology of University of Gdansk and Medical University of Gdansk, University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland.,Medical Research Council (MRC) Human Immunology Unit, Medical Research Council (MRC) Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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4
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Palma AM, Hanes MR, Marshall JS. Mast Cell Modulation of B Cell Responses: An Under-Appreciated Partnership in Host Defence. Front Immunol 2021; 12:718499. [PMID: 34566974 PMCID: PMC8460918 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.718499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are well known to be activated via cross-linking of immunoglobulins bound to surface receptors. They are also recognized as key initiators and regulators of both innate and adaptive immune responses against pathogens, especially in the skin and mucosal surfaces. Substantial attention has been given to the role of mast cells in regulating T cell function either directly or indirectly through actions on dendritic cells. In contrast, the ability of mast cells to modify B cell responses has been less explored. Several lines of evidence suggest that mast cells can greatly modify B cell generation and activities. Mast cells co-localise with B cells in many tissue settings and produce substantial amounts of cytokines, such as IL-6, with profound impacts on B cell development, class-switch recombination events, and subsequent antibody production. Mast cells have also been suggested to modulate the development and functions of regulatory B cells. In this review, we discuss the critical impacts of mast cells on B cells using information from both clinical and laboratory studies and consider the implications of these findings on the host response to infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro M Palma
- IWK Health Centre and Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Mark R Hanes
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Jean S Marshall
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Beatrice Hunter Cancer Research Institute, Halifax, NS, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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5
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Yue H, Umehara Y, Trujillo-Paez JV, Peng G, Nguyen HLT, Chieosilapatham P, Kiatsurayanon C, Song P, Okumura K, Ogawa H, Ikeda S, Niyonsaba F. Exogenous factors in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis: Irritants and cutaneous infections. Clin Exp Allergy 2021; 51:382-392. [PMID: 33394511 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory cutaneous disease that is often associated with other atopic symptoms, such as food allergy, allergic rhinitis and asthma, leading to significant morbidity and healthcare costs. The pathogenesis of AD is complicated and multifactorial. Although the aetiology of AD remains incompletely understood, recent studies have provided further insight into AD pathophysiology, demonstrating that the interaction among genetic predisposition, immune dysfunction and environmental provocation factors contributes to its development. However, the increasing prevalence of AD suggests that environmental factors such as irritation and cutaneous infection play a crucial role in triggering and/or aggravating the disease. Of note, AD skin is susceptible to bacterial, fungal and viral infections, and microorganisms may colonize the skin and aggravate AD symptoms. Overall, understanding the mechanisms by which these risk factors affect the cutaneous immunity of patients with AD is of great importance for developing a precision medicine approach for treatment. This review summarizes recent developments in exogenous factors involved in the pathogenesis of AD, with special emphasis on irritants and microbial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hainan Yue
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshie Umehara
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | - Ge Peng
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hai Le Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Panjit Chieosilapatham
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Chanisa Kiatsurayanon
- Department of Medical Services, Institute of Dermatology, Ministry of Public Health, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pu Song
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ko Okumura
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideoki Ogawa
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigaku Ikeda
- Department of Dermatology and Allergology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - François Niyonsaba
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of International Liberal Arts, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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6
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Ho J, Camilli G, Griffiths JS, Richardson JP, Kichik N, Naglik JR. Candida albicans and candidalysin in inflammatory disorders and cancer. Immunology 2021; 162:11-16. [PMID: 32880925 PMCID: PMC7730014 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
As our understanding of mycology progresses, the impact of fungal microbes on human health has become increasingly evident. Candida albicans is a common commensal fungus that gives rise to local and systemic infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients where it can result in mortality. However, C. albicans has also been quietly linked with a variety of inflammatory disorders, to which it has traditionally been considered incidental; recent studies may now provide new aspects of these relationships for further consideration. This review provides a novel perspective on the impact of C. albicans and its peptide toxin, candidalysin, on human health, exploring their contributions to pathology within a variety of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jemima Ho
- Centre for Host‐Microbiome InteractionsFaculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Giorgio Camilli
- Centre for Host‐Microbiome InteractionsFaculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - James S. Griffiths
- Centre for Host‐Microbiome InteractionsFaculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Jonathan P. Richardson
- Centre for Host‐Microbiome InteractionsFaculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Nessim Kichik
- Centre for Host‐Microbiome InteractionsFaculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Julian R. Naglik
- Centre for Host‐Microbiome InteractionsFaculty of Dentistry, Oral & Craniofacial SciencesKing's College LondonLondonUK
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7
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Liu HY, Li CX, Liang ZY, Zhang SY, Yang WY, Ye YM, Lin YX, Chen RC, Zhou HW, Su J. The Interactions of Airway Bacterial and Fungal Communities in Clinically Stable Asthma. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1647. [PMID: 32849339 PMCID: PMC7396634 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysbiotic airway microbiota play important roles in the inflammatory progression of asthma, and exploration of airway microbial interactions further elucidates asthma pathogenesis. However, little is known regarding the airway bacterial-fungal interactions in asthma patients. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of the sputum bacterial and fungal microbiota from 116 clinically stable asthma patients and 29 healthy controls using 16S rRNA gene and ITS1 sequencing. Compared with healthy individuals, asthma patients exhibited a significantly altered microbiota and increased bacterial and fungal alpha diversities in the airway. Microbial genera Moraxella, Capnocytophaga, and Ralstonia (bacteria) and Schizophyllum, Candida, and Phialemoniopsis (fungi) were more abundant in the asthma airways, while Rothia, Veillonella and Leptotrichia (bacteria) and Meyerozyma (fungus) were increased in healthy controls. The Moraxellaceae family and their genus Moraxella were significantly enriched in asthma patients compared with healthy controls (80.5-fold, P = 0.007 and 314.7-fold, P = 0.027, respectively). Moreover, Moraxellaceae, along with Schizophyllum, Candida, and Aspergillus (fungal genera), were positively associated with fungal alpha diversity. Correlation networks revealed 3 fungal genera (Schizophyllum, Candida, and Aspergillus) as important airway microbes in asthma that showed positive correlations with each other and multiple co-exclusions with other common microbiota. Moraxellaceae members were positively associated with asthma-enriched fungal taxa but negatively related to several healthy-enriched bacterial taxa. Collectively, our findings revealed an altered microbiota and complex microbial interactions in the airways of asthma patients. The Moraxellaceae family and their genus Moraxella, along with 3 important fungal taxa, showed significant interactions with the airway microbiota, providing potential insights into the novel pathogenic mechanisms of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yue Liu
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Microbiome Medicine Center, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chun-Xi Li
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shi-Yu Zhang
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wan-Ying Yang
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Mei Ye
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Xia Lin
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rong-Chang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hong-Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Microbiome Medicine Center, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Su
- Chronic Airways Diseases Laboratory, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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8
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Taghavi M, Khosravi A, Mortaz E, Nikaein D, Athari SS. Role of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPS) in immune responses to fungal infections. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 808:8-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2015] [Revised: 10/22/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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9
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Fungal Contaminants in Drinking Water Regulation? A Tale of Ecology, Exposure, Purification and Clinical Relevance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2017. [PMCID: PMC5486322 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph14060636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Microbiological drinking water safety is traditionally monitored mainly by bacterial parameters that indicate faecal contamination. These parameters correlate with gastro-intestinal illness, despite the fact that viral agents, resulting from faecal contamination, are usually the cause. This leaves behind microbes that can cause illness other than gastro-intestinal and several emerging pathogens, disregarding non-endemic microbial contaminants and those with recent pathogenic activity reported. This white paper focuses on one group of contaminants known to cause allergies, opportunistic infections and intoxications: Fungi. It presents a review on their occurrence, ecology and physiology. Additionally, factors contributing to their presence in water distribution systems, as well as their effect on water quality are discussed. Presence of opportunistic and pathogenic fungi in drinking water can pose a health risk to consumers due to daily contact with water, via several exposure points, such as drinking and showering. The clinical relevance and influence on human health of the most common fungal contaminants in drinking water is discussed. Our goal with this paper is to place fungal contaminants on the roadmap of evidence based and emerging threats for drinking water quality safety regulations.
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Moghtaderi M, Hosseini Teshnizi S, Farjadian S. Sensitization to common allergens among patients with allergies in major Iranian cities: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Epidemiol Health 2017; 39:e2017007. [PMID: 28171712 PMCID: PMC5434227 DOI: 10.4178/epih.e2017007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Various allergens are implicated in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases in different regions. This study attempted to identify the most common allergens among patients with allergies based on the results of skin prick tests in different parts of Iran. Relevant studies conducted from 2000 to 2016 were identified from the MEDLINE database. Six common groups of allergen types, including animal, cockroach, food, fungus, house dust mite, and pollen were considered. Subgroup analysis was performed to determine the prevalence of each type of allergen. The Egger test was used to assess publication bias. We included 44 studies in this meta-analysis. The overall prevalence of positive skin test results for at least one allergen was estimated to be 59% in patients with allergies in various parts of Iran. The number of patients was 11,646 (56% male and 44% female), with a mean age of 17.46±11.12 years. The most common allergen sources were pollen (47.0%), mites (35.2%), and food (15.3%). The prevalence of sensitization to food and cockroach allergens among children was greater than among adults. Pollen is the most common allergen sensitization in cities of Iran with a warm and dry climate; however, sensitization to house dust mites is predominant in northern and southern coastal areas of Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mozhgan Moghtaderi
- Allergy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Allergy Clinic of Ali-Asghar Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeed Hosseini Teshnizi
- Clinical Research Development Center of Children Hospital, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Shirin Farjadian
- Allergy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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11
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Ganapathy DM, Joseph S, Ariga P, Selvaraj A. Evaluation of the influence of blood glucose level on oral candidal colonization in complete denture wearers with Type-II Diabetes Mellitus: An in vivo Study. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2013; 10:87-92. [PMID: 23878569 PMCID: PMC3714830 DOI: 10.4103/1735-3327.111806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Candidal colonization in complete denture wearers is a commonly encountered condition that worsens in the presence of untreated Diabetes Mellitus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between oral candidiasis in denture-bearing mucosa and elevated blood glucose levels in complete denture wearers and to evaluate the effect of oral hypoglycemic drug therapy in controlling oral candidal colonization in denture-bearing mucosa of complete denture wearers with Type II Diabetes Mellitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS This prospective observational study involved the participation of 15 complete denture wearers with Type II Diabetes Mellitus. The sample collection was made prior and after oral hypoglycaemic drug intervention, by swabbing the rugal surfaces of palatal mucosa, cultured and the density of the candidal colony formed was analyzed and interpreted as colony forming units (CFU) per mL. The candidal samples CFU and corresponding pre- and post-prandial blood glucose levels were estimated, analyzed and compared using Karl Pearson correlation analysis and paired t-test (α = 0.05). RESULTS The Karl Pearson correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between the blood glucose levels (PPS and FBS) and the candidal colonization (CFU) (P < 0.05). The mean values of all the variables were analyzed using the paired t-test. There was significant reduction in the mean values of blood glucose levels (P < 0.001) and the mean values of the CFU (P < 0.001) following oral hypoglycemic drug therapy. CONCLUSION Positive correlation was observed between oral candidiasis in complete denture-bearing mucosa and elevated blood glucose levels and oral hypoglycemic drug therapy has a positive effect in controlling oral candidal colonization in complete denture wearers with Type II Diabetes Mellitus.
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12
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Allergens from Fusarium solani identified by immunoblotting in asthma patients In Iran. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2012; 63:1-6. [PMID: 22450199 DOI: 10.2478/10004-1254-63-2012-2155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We extracted Fusarium solani antigens to evaluate specific anti-F. solani IgE in fifty-one patients with asthma (33 men and 18 women) and in 22 non-atopic healthy subjects (15 men and 7 women). F. solani strains were cultured in Sabouraud glucose agar and subjected to cell disruption using the freeze-and-thaw method. The obtained cytoplasmic extracts were analysed using sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Sensitisation to F. solani antigens has been evaluated in asthmatic patients using the immunoblotting assay. The SDS-PAGE identified 29 protein bands in the cytoplasmic extracts of F. solani isolates, with molecular weights ranging from 24 kDa to 112 kDa. Immunoblotting detected specific anti-F. solani IgE antibody in all asthma patients, but not in the control group. The predominant reactive allergens in patients corresponded to the bands with molecular weights of 24 kDa, 58.5 kDa, 64.5 kDa, 69 kDa, 72 kDa, and 97 kDa. Our results suggest that various allergenic components of F. solani may produce symptoms of asthma in susceptible individuals and they call for further research.
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13
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Sonesson A, Kasetty G, Olin AI, Malmsten M, Mörgelin M, Sørensen OE, Schmidtchen A. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin exerts antimicrobial activities. Exp Dermatol 2012; 20:1004-10. [PMID: 22092577 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2011.01391.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) is an interleukin-7-like cytokine expressed by epithelial cells and reported to be involved in allergic diseases and atopic eczema. The presence of several predicted α-helical regions in TSPL, a structure characterizing many classical antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), prompted us to investigate whether TSLP exerts antimicrobial activities. Recombinant human TSLP exerted antimicrobial activity, particularly against Gram-negative bacteria. Using synthetic overlapping peptide 20-mers of TSLP, it was demonstrated that the antimicrobial effect is primarily mediated by the C-terminal region of the protein. MKK34 (MKKRRKRKVTTNKCLEQVSQLQGLWRRFNRPLLK), a peptide spanning a C-terminal α-helical region in TSLP, showed potent antimicrobial activities, in physiological salt conditions and in the presence of human plasma. Fluorescent studies of peptide-treated bacteria, electron microscopy and liposome leakage models showed that MKK34 exerted membrane-disrupting effects comparable to those of the classical AMP LL-37. Moreover, TSLP was degraded into multiple fragments by staphylococcal V8 proteinase. One major antimicrobial degradation fragment was found to encompass the C-terminal antimicrobial region defined by the MKK34 peptide. We here describe a novel antimicrobial role for TSLP. The antimicrobial activity is primarily mediated by the C-terminal part of the protein. In combination with the previously known cytokine function of TSLP, our result indicates dual functions of the molecule and a previously unknown role in host defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Sonesson
- Divisions of Dermatology and Venereology Infection Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
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Evaluation of the sensitization of poultry workers to Aspergillus fumigatus and Cladophialophora carrionii. J Mycol Med 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2009.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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