1
|
Dabic-Stankovic K, Rajkovic K, Stankovic J, Marosevic G, Kolarevic G, Pavicar B. High-dose-rate Brachytherapy Monotherapy in Patients With Localised Prostate Cancer: Dose Modelling and Optimisation Using Computer Algorithms. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2024; 36:378-389. [PMID: 38584072 DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Interstitial high-dose-rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) is an effective therapy modality for patients with localized prostate carcinoma. The objectives of the study were to optimise the therapy regime variables using two models: response surface methodology (RSM) and artificial neural network (ANN). MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-one studies with 5651 patients were included (2078 patients presented as low-risk, 3077 patients with intermediate-risk, and 496 patients with high-risk). A comparison of these therapy schedules was carried out using an effective biologically effective dose (BEDef) that was calculated assuming the number of treatment days and dose (D) per day. The modelling and optimization of therapy parameters (BEDef and risk level) in order to obtain the maximum biochemical free survival (BFS) were carried out by the RSM and ANN models. RESULTS An optimal treatment schedule (BFS = 97%) for patients presented with low-risk biochemical recurrence would be D = 26 Gy applied in one application, 2 fractions at least 6 h apart, within an overall treatment time of 1 day (BEDef = 251 Gy) by the RSM and ANN model. For patients presented with intermediate- or high-risk an optimal treatment regime (BFS = 94% and 90%, respectively) would be D = 38 Gy applied in one application, 4 fractions at least 6 h apart, with an overall treatment time of 2 days (BEDef = 279 Gy) by the RSM and ANN models. CONCLUSIONS The RSM and ANN models determine almost the same optimal values for the set of predicted therapy parameters that make a feasible selection of an optimal treatment regime.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Dabic-Stankovic
- IMC Affidea, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - K Rajkovic
- Academy of Applied Preschool Teaching and Health Studies, Krusevac, Serbia; Bijeljina University, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
| | - J Stankovic
- Bijeljina University, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Academy for Applied Studies Belgrade, The College of Health Sciences, Zemun, Serbia.
| | - G Marosevic
- IMC Affidea, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - G Kolarevic
- IMC Affidea, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina; Faculty of Medicine, University of Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - B Pavicar
- IMC Affidea, Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chaudhary M, Kumar S, Kaur P, Sahu SK, Mittal A. Comprehensive Review on Recent Strategies for Management of Prostate Cancer: Therapeutic Targets and SAR. Mini Rev Med Chem 2024; 24:721-747. [PMID: 37694781 DOI: 10.2174/1389557523666230911141339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is a disease that is affecting a large population worldwide. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) has become a foundation for the treatment of advanced prostate cancer, as used in most clinical settings from neo-adjuvant to metastatic stage. In spite of the success of ADT in managing the disease in the majority of men, hormonal manipulation fails eventually. New molecules are developed for patients with various hormone-refractory diseases. Advancements in molecular oncology have increased understanding of numerous cellular mechanisms which control cell death in the prostate and these insights can lead to the development of more efficacious and tolerable therapies for carcinoma of the prostate. This review is focused on numerous therapies that might be a boon for prostate therapy like signaling inhibitors, vaccines, and inhibitors of androgen receptors. Along with these, various bioactive molecules and their derivatives are highlighted, which act as potential antiprostate cancer agents. This article also emphasized the recent advances in the field of medicinal chemistry of prostate cancer agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Manish Chaudhary
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab, 144001, India
| | - Shubham Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab, 144001, India
| | - Paranjeet Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Sahu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar-Delhi G.T. Road, Phagwara, Punjab, 144001, India
| | - Amit Mittal
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Desh Bhagat University, Amloh Road, Mandi Gobindgarh, Punjab, 147301, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Figueroa-Valverde L, Rosas-Nexticapa M, Alvarez-Ramirez M, Lopez-Ramos M, Mateu-Armand V, Lopez-Gutierrez T. Statistical Data (1978-2020) on Prostate Cancer in the Southern Population of Mexico. CLINICAL CANCER INVESTIGATION JOURNAL 2023. [DOI: 10.51847/lkyjt987fn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
|
4
|
Khanolkar RA, Moore R, Martell K. Indications for additional volume studies for gland volume estimation in prostate cancer brachytherapy. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2022; 63:874-878. [PMID: 36000156 PMCID: PMC9726696 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrac050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
An estimated gland volume of > 60 cc is a relative contraindication to brachytherapy for prostate cancer. As volume estimation using biopsy ultrasound (Bx-US) alone may be inaccurate, many centers perform additional volume assessments prior to the brachytherapy procedure. At the study institution, computed tomography (CT) based volume assessments were routinely performed on all patients to determine brachytherapy eligibility. This study aimed to determine whether this CT imaging could be omitted for certain Bx-US based gland volume estimates. To investigate this, 1576 consecutive patients that received ultrasound based intraoperatively planned brachytherapy at a single comprehensive cancer center between 2003 and 2021 were reviewed. Gland volume as estimated by Bx-US, CT and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging were compared to intraoperatively contoured gland volume (ICGV) or the larger contoured gland volume on CT for any patients receiving neo-adjuvant androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for gland downsizing (IM-US-corr). There was a significant difference between IM-US-corr and estimated gland volume for Bx-US (P < 0.001) and MR (P < 0.001), but not CT (P = 0.160). Bx-US and MR tended to underrepresent the IM-US-corr, with a > 20% difference from actual volume in 31% and 59% of cases, respectively. When Bx-US volume was estimated to be < 40 cc, < 50 cc and < 60 cc, an IM-US-corr > 60 cc was encountered in 2%, 5% and 7% of cases, respectively. In contrast, IM-US-corr > 60 cc was encountered in 0.2%, 1% and 2% of cases for CT estimates of < 40 cc, < 50 cc and < 60 cc. In patients with an estimated gland volume of < 50 cc by Bx-US, dedicated pre-operative volume studies are unlikely to alter management. However, patients above this cut-off stand to benefit from the use of additional volume assessment to better delineate gland volume and determine eligibility for brachytherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rutvij A Khanolkar
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N2, Canada
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N2, Canada
| | - Rosanne Moore
- Department of Oncology, Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N2, Canada
| | - Kevin Martell
- Corresponding author. Clinical Assistant Professor, Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, 1331-29 Street NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N2. Tel: 403.521.3515;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Masoom SN, Sundaram KM, Ghanouni P, Fütterer J, Oto A, Ayyagari R, Sprenkle P, Weinreb J, Arora S. Real-Time MRI-Guided Prostate Interventions. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14081860. [PMID: 35454773 PMCID: PMC9030365 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Magnetic resonance imaging has shown to be a reliable imaging method for detecting clinically significant prostate cancer and directly targeting lesions during biopsy. As newer treatment methods emerge, the role of MRI in minimally-invasive (focal) treatment of prostate cancer is also increasing. Here, we review the real-time MRI-guided prostate interventions for prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment, focusing on the technical aspects of each modality. Abstract Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most common cause of cancer death in males. Targeting MRI-visible lesions has led to an overall increase in the detection of clinically significant PCa compared to the prior practice of random ultrasound-guided biopsy of the prostate. Additionally, advances in MRI-guided minimally invasive focal treatments are providing new options for patients with PCa. This review summarizes the currently utilized real-time MRI-guided interventions for PCa diagnosis and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh Nina Masoom
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (S.N.M.); (K.M.S.)
| | - Karthik M. Sundaram
- Department of Radiology, Hospital of University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; (S.N.M.); (K.M.S.)
| | - Pejman Ghanouni
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA 04304, USA;
| | - Jurgen Fütterer
- Department of Radiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, 6525 GA Nijmegan, The Netherlands;
| | - Aytekin Oto
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA;
| | - Raj Ayyagari
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (R.A.); (J.W.)
| | - Preston Sprenkle
- Department of Urology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA;
| | - Jeffrey Weinreb
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (R.A.); (J.W.)
| | - Sandeep Arora
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA; (R.A.); (J.W.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chen L, Zhang E, Guan J, Chen Z, Ye J, Liu W, He J, Yin B, Song Y, Zhang M. A Combined CRISP3 and SPINK1 Prognostic Grade in EPS-Urine and Establishment of Models to Predict Prognosis of Patients With Prostate Cancer. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:832415. [PMID: 35252264 PMCID: PMC8891445 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.832415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundProstate cancer (PCa) is characterized by significant heterogeneity. Thus, novel prognostic indicators are required to improve prognosis and treatment.MethodsCysteine rich secretory protein 3 (CRISP3) and serine peptidase inhibitor Kazal type 1 (SPINK1) levels in expressed prostatic secretion (EPS)-urine collected during digital rectal examination of 496 patients histologically diagnosed with PCa were detected via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A combined CRISP3 and SPINK1 prognostic grade (CSPG) was defined using cut-off values from receiver operating characteristic curves. Log-rank Kaplan-Meier survival curves investigated differences in prognosis between groups. Univariate and multivariate Cox analyses investigated the CSPG relationship with biochemical recurrence (BCR), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall survival (OS). Three prognostic models were developed and validated.ConclusionsCRISP3 and SPINK1 levels increased with Gleason score progression, pathological T stage, and metastasis status. CSPG in EPS-urine, which was an effective independent prognostic variable, accurately predicted the prognosis of patients with PCa. Three clinical prognostic models using the CSPG for BCR, CSS, and OS were developed and validated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lizhu Chen
- Department of Ultrasound, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Enchong Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Johnny Guan
- Department of Urology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Zhengjie Chen
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianfeng Ye
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wangmin Liu
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jieqian He
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bo Yin
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yongsheng Song
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Mo Zhang
- Department of Urology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Mo Zhang
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hemani R, Patel I, Inamdar N, Campanelli G, Donovan V, Kumar A, Levenson AS. Dietary Pterostilbene for MTA1-Targeted Interception in High-Risk Premalignant Prostate Cancer. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2022; 15:87-100. [PMID: 34675064 PMCID: PMC8828670 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-21-0242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer remains one of the most prevalent cancers in aging men. Active surveillance subpopulation of patients with prostate cancer includes men with varying cancer risk categories of precancerous disease due to prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) heterogeneity. Identifying molecular alterations associated with PIN can provide preventable measures through finding novel pharmacologic targets for cancer interception. Targeted nutritional interception may prove to be the most appropriate chemoprevention for intermediate- and high-risk active surveillance patients. Here, we have generated two prostate-specific transgenic mouse models, one overexpressing MTA1 (R26MTA1 ) and the other overexpressing MTA1 on the background of Pten heterozygosity (R26MTA1 ; Pten+/f ), in which we examined the potential chemopreventive efficacy of dietary pterostilbene. We show that MTA1 promotes neoplastic transformation of prostate epithelial cells by activating cell proliferation and survival, leading to PIN development. Moreover, MTA1 cooperates with PTEN deficiency to accelerate PIN development by increasing cell proliferation and MTA1-associated signaling. Further, we show that mice fed with a pterostilbene-supplemented diet exhibited more favorable histopathology with decreased severity and number of PIN foci accompanied by reduced proliferation, angiogenesis, and inflammation concomitant to reduction in MTA1 and MTA1-associated CyclinD1, Notch2, and oncogenic miR-34a and miR-22 levels. PREVENTION RELEVANCE: Developing novel interceptive strategies for prostate cancer chemoprevention is a paramount goal in clinical oncology. We offer preclinical evidence for the potential of pterostilbene as a promising natural agent for MTA1-targeted interceptive strategy in future cancer prevention trials towards protecting select patients with prostate cancer under active surveillance from developing cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rutu Hemani
- Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Ishani Patel
- Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Ninad Inamdar
- Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York
| | - Gisella Campanelli
- Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York
| | | | - Avinash Kumar
- Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, New York.
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi
| | - Anait S Levenson
- Cancer Institute, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi.
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Long Island University, Brookville, New York
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Mitra S, Anand U, Jha NK, Shekhawat MS, Saha SC, Nongdam P, Rengasamy KRR, Proćków J, Dey A. Anticancer Applications and Pharmacological Properties of Piperidine and Piperine: A Comprehensive Review on Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:772418. [PMID: 35069196 PMCID: PMC8776707 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.772418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Piperine and piperidine are the two major alkaloids extracted from black pepper (Piper nigrum); piperidine is a heterocyclic moiety that has the molecular formula (CH2)5NH. Over the years, many therapeutic properties including anticancer potential of these two compounds have been observed. Piperine has therapeutic potential against cancers such as breast cancer, ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, gliomal cancer, lung cancer, oral squamous, chronic pancreatitis, prostate cancer, rectal cancer, cervical cancer, and leukemia. Whereas, piperidine acts as a potential clinical agent against cancers, such as breast cancer, prostate cancer, colon cancer, lung cancer, and ovarian cancer, when treated alone or in combination with some novel drugs. Several crucial signalling pathways essential for the establishment of cancers such as STAT-3, NF-κB, PI3k/Aκt, JNK/p38-MAPK, TGF-ß/SMAD, Smac/DIABLO, p-IκB etc., are regulated by these two phytochemicals. Both of these phytochemicals lead to inhibition of cell migration and help in cell cycle arrest to inhibit survivability of cancer cells. The current review highlights the pharmaceutical relevance of both piperine and piperidine against different types of cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sicon Mitra
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Uttpal Anand
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Niraj Kumar Jha
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering and Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida, India
| | - Mahipal S Shekhawat
- Department of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Kanchi Mamunivar Government Institute for Postgraduate Studies and Research, Lawspet, India
| | - Suchismita Chatterjee Saha
- Department of Zoology, Nabadwip Vidyasagar College (Affiliated to the University of Kalyani), Nabadwip, India
| | | | - Kannan R R Rengasamy
- Green Biotechnologies Research Centre of Excellence, University of Limpopo, Sovenga, South Africa
| | - Jarosław Proćków
- Department of Plant Biology, Institute of Environmental Biology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Ethnopharmacology and Natural Product Research Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata, India
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Samson N, Khanolkar RA, Quirk S, Quon H, Roumeliotis M, Balogh A, Sia M, Thind K, Husain S, Martell K. Clinical Outcomes from Dose-Reduced Radiotherapy to the Prostate in Elderly Patients with Localized Prostate Cancer. Curr Oncol 2021; 28:3729-3737. [PMID: 34677236 PMCID: PMC8534720 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol28050318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Radical treatment of localized prostate cancer in elderly patients may lead to unacceptable treatment-associated toxicities that adversely impact quality of life without improving survival outcomes. This study reports on a cohort of 54 elderly (>70 years) patients that received 4000–5000 cGy of palliative external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) as an alternative to androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). The primary outcome of interest was the period of ADT-free survival, and secondary outcomes included overall survival (OS) and metastases-free survival (MFS). Kaplan–Meier regression was used to estimate survival outcomes. Thirty-six (67%) patients achieved a break in ADT post-radiotherapy, with a median time to ADT reinitiation of 20 months. Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) were limited to low-grade gastrointestinal (GI) or genitourinary (GU) toxicities, with no skin toxicities observed. Grade 1 GI toxicity was observed in 9 (17%) patients, and grades 1 and 2 GU toxicities were observed in 13 (24%) and 3 (6%) patients, respectively, with no higher-grade toxicities reported. Five-year MFS and OS were 56% and 78%, respectively. In summary, the treatment regimen was well-tolerated and achieved durable ADT-free survival in most patients. Dose-reduced EBRT appears to be a viable alternative to ADT in elderly patients with localized prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Samson
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N2, Canada; (N.S.); (R.A.K.); (H.Q.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (S.H.)
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (S.Q.); (M.R.); (K.T.)
| | - Rutvij A. Khanolkar
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N2, Canada; (N.S.); (R.A.K.); (H.Q.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (S.H.)
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (S.Q.); (M.R.); (K.T.)
| | - Sarah Quirk
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (S.Q.); (M.R.); (K.T.)
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Harvey Quon
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N2, Canada; (N.S.); (R.A.K.); (H.Q.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (S.H.)
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (S.Q.); (M.R.); (K.T.)
| | - Michael Roumeliotis
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (S.Q.); (M.R.); (K.T.)
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Alex Balogh
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N2, Canada; (N.S.); (R.A.K.); (H.Q.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (S.H.)
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (S.Q.); (M.R.); (K.T.)
| | - Michael Sia
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N2, Canada; (N.S.); (R.A.K.); (H.Q.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (S.H.)
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (S.Q.); (M.R.); (K.T.)
| | - Kundan Thind
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (S.Q.); (M.R.); (K.T.)
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Siraj Husain
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N2, Canada; (N.S.); (R.A.K.); (H.Q.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (S.H.)
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (S.Q.); (M.R.); (K.T.)
| | - Kevin Martell
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N2, Canada; (N.S.); (R.A.K.); (H.Q.); (A.B.); (M.S.); (S.H.)
- Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada; (S.Q.); (M.R.); (K.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-403-521-3515
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Khanolkar RA, Quon H, Thind K, Sia M, Roumeliotis M, Husain S, McGeachy P, Meyer T, Martell K. Excessive waitlists and delays to treatment with low-dose-rate brachytherapy predict an increased risk of recurrence and metastases in intermediate-risk prostatic carcinoma. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2021; 30:38-42. [PMID: 34307912 PMCID: PMC8283023 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Resource constraints have led to prolonged wait-times for prostate brachytherapy. Increased wait times predict a significant increase in recurrence and metastases. Better resource planning is needed to reduce management delays & improve outcomes.
Purpose It has previously been shown that increased wait times for prostatectomy are associated with poorer outcomes in intermediate-risk prostatic carcinoma (PCa). However, the impact of wait times on PCa outcomes following low-dose-rate brachytherapy (LDR-BT) are unknown. Methods and Materials We retrospectively reviewed 466 intermediate-risk PCa patients that underwent LDR-BT at a single comprehensive cancer center between 2003 and 2016. Wait times were defined as the time from biopsy to LDR-BT. The association of wait times with outcomes was evaluated using Cox and Fine-Gray regression in both univariate and multivariate models. Results Median (interquartile range) follow-up and wait time for all patients were 8.1 (6.3–10.4) years and 5.1 (3.9–6.9) months, respectively. Among NCCN unfavourable intermediate-risk (UIR) patients (n = 170; 36%), increased wait times predicted both a greater cumulative incidence of recurrence [MHR = 1.01/month of wait time (95% CI: 1.00–1.03); P = 0.044] and metastases [MHR = 1.04/month of wait time (95% CI: 1.02–1.06); P < 0.001] in multivariate modeling. In NCCN favourable intermediate-risk (FIR) patients, there was no significant association between wait time and recurrence or metastases risk. Among all intermediate-risk patients, wait time was associated with an increase in the incidence of metastases [MHR = 1.03/month of wait time (95% CI: 1.02–1.05); P < 0.001], but not recurrence in multivariate models. There was no association between wait time and overall survival in the UIR, FIR, or all intermediate-risk cohorts. Conclusions Resource constraints within this center’s public healthcare system have contributed to waitlists exceeding 5-months in length. This study finds that patients with UIR PCa experience a 1% increase in the risk of recurrence and 4% increase in the risk of metastases with each additional month of delay in definitive disease management. Preventing such extended management delays in LDR-BT may improve disease-related outcomes in patients with PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Harvey Quon
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kundan Thind
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Michael Sia
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Michael Roumeliotis
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Siraj Husain
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Philip McGeachy
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Tyler Meyer
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Kevin Martell
- Department of Oncology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Alberta Health Services, Calgary, AB, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy diagnosed in North American men. Although medical advances have improved survival rates, men treated for prostate cancer experience side-effects that can reduce their work capacity, increase financial stress, and affect their career and/or retirement plans. Working-age males comprise a significant proportion of new prostate cancer diagnoses. It is important, therefore, to understand the connections between prostate cancer and men’s work lives. This scoping review aimed to summarize and disseminate current research evidence about the impact of prostate cancer treatment on men’s work lives. Electronic databases were searched to identify peer-reviewed articles published between 2006 and 2020 that reported on the impact of prostate cancer treatment on men’s work. Following scoping review guidelines, 21 articles that met inclusion criteria were identified and analyzed. Evidence related to the impact of prostate cancer on work was grouped under three themes: (1) work outcomes after prostate cancer treatment; (2) return to work considerations, and (3) impact of prostate cancer treatment on men’s finances. Findings indicate that men’s return to work may be more gradual than expected after prostate cancer treatment. Some men may feel pressured by financial stressors and masculine ideals to resume work. Diverse factors including older age and social benefits appear to play a role in shaping men’s work-related plans after prostate cancer treatment. The findings provide direction for future research and offer clinicians a synthesis of current knowledge about the challenges men face in resuming work in the aftermath of prostate cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wellam F Yu Ko
- University of British Columbia, School of Nursing, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - John L Oliffe
- University of British Columbia, School of Nursing, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Joan L Bottorff
- University of British Columbia, School of Nursing, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Yu Ko WF, Oliffe JL, Johnson JL, Bottorff JL. The Connections Between Work, Prostate Cancer Screening, Diagnosis, and the Decision to Undergo Radical Prostatectomy. Am J Mens Health 2018; 12:1670-1680. [PMID: 29938564 PMCID: PMC6142122 DOI: 10.1177/1557988318781720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer diagnosis can occur at a time when men’s work and careers are
central to their masculine identity, sense of purpose, and family life. In
Canada, an aging male population, along with medical advances, has resulted in
increasing numbers of working men being diagnosed with, and treated for,
prostate cancer. Little is known about the linkages between men’s work and their
experiences of prostate cancer. In this qualitative study, 24 Western Canadian
men were interviewed to distil the connections between work, prostate cancer
screening, diagnosis, and the decision to undergo radical prostatectomy. Data
were analyzed using constant comparison in the context of masculinities theory.
The findings demonstrated that work was central to men’s masculine identities
and afforded financial security, social status, and a sense of personal growth.
However, work-related strain and demands were also found to affect participants’
health and distance them from their families. A diagnosis of prostate cancer
tended to diminish the importance of work, wherein participants focused on
optimizing their health and strengthening family relations. In deciding on
radical prostatectomy as a treatment to eradicate prostate cancer, few men
considered the implications for returning to work. The current study findings
indicate that clinicians and patients should explicitly explore and discuss how
surgery side effects may affect work and career plans during treatment
decision-making.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wellam F Yu Ko
- 1 School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - John L Oliffe
- 1 School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Joy L Johnson
- 2 Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada
| | - Joan L Bottorff
- 3 School of Nursing, University of British Columbia Okanagan Campus, Kelowna, BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Loblaw A, Pickles T, Crook J, Martin AG, Vigneault E, Souhami L, Cury F, Morris J, Catton C, Lukka H, Cheung P, Sethukavalan P, Warner A, Yang Y, Rodrigues G. Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy Versus Low Dose Rate Brachytherapy or External Beam Radiotherapy: Propensity Score Matched Analyses of Canadian Data. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 2017; 29:161-170. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clon.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
14
|
Poder J, Whitaker M. Robustness of IPSA optimized high-dose-rate prostate brachytherapy treatment plans to catheter displacements. J Contemp Brachytherapy 2016; 8:201-7. [PMID: 27504129 PMCID: PMC4965496 DOI: 10.5114/jcb.2016.60499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Inverse planning simulated annealing (IPSA) optimized brachytherapy treatment plans are characterized with large isolated dwell times at the first or last dwell position of each catheter. The potential of catheter shifts relative to the target and organs at risk in these plans may lead to a more significant change in delivered dose to the volumes of interest relative to plans with more uniform dwell times. MATERIAL AND METHODS This study aims to determine if the Nucletron Oncentra dwell time deviation constraint (DTDC) parameter can be optimized to improve the robustness of high-dose-rate (HDR) prostate brachytherapy plans to catheter displacements. A set of 10 clinically acceptable prostate plans were re-optimized with a DTDC parameter of 0 and 0.4. For each plan, catheter displacements of 3, 7, and 14 mm were retrospectively applied and the change in dose volume histogram (DVH) indices and conformity indices analyzed. RESULTS The robustness of clinically acceptable prostate plans to catheter displacements in the caudal direction was found to be dependent on the DTDC parameter. A DTDC value of 0 improves the robustness of planning target volume (PTV) coverage to catheter displacements, whereas a DTDC value of 0.4 improves the robustness of the plans to changes in hotspots. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that if used in conjunction with a pre-treatment catheter displacement correction protocol and a tolerance of 3 mm, a DTDC value of 0.4 may produce clinically superior plans. However, the effect of the DTDC parameter in plan robustness was not observed to be as strong as initially suspected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joel Poder
- Radiation Oncology, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, NSW
- Centre for Medical Radiation Physics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - May Whitaker
- Radiation Oncology, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, Camperdown, NSW
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Guy D, Ghanem G, Loblaw A, Buckley R, Persaud B, Cheung P, Chung H, Danjoux C, Morton G, Noakes J, Spevack L, Hajek D, Flax S. Diagnosis, referral, and primary treatment decisions in newly diagnosed prostate cancer patients in a multidisciplinary diagnostic assessment program. Can Urol Assoc J 2016; 10:120-5. [PMID: 27217859 DOI: 10.5489/cuaj.3510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We aimed to report on data from the multidisciplinary diagnostic assessment program (DAP) at the Gale and Graham Wright Prostate Centre (GGWPC) at North York General Hospital (NYGH). We assessed referral, diagnosis, and treatment decisions for newly diagnosed prostate cancer (PCa) patients as seen over time, risk stratification, and clinic type to establish a deeper understanding of current decision-making trends. METHODS From June 2007 to April 2012, 1277 patients who were diagnosed with PCa at the GGWPC were included in this study. Data was collected and reviewed retrospectively using electronic patient records. RESULTS 1031 of 1260 patients (81.8%) were seen in a multidisciplinary clinic (MDC). Over time, a decrease in low-risk (LR) diagnoses and an increase intermediate-risk (IR) diagnoses was observed (p<0.0001). With respect to overall treatment decisions 474 (37.1%) of patients received primary radiotherapy, 340 (26.6%) received surgical therapy, and 426 (33.4%) had conservative management; 57% of patients who were candidates for active surveillance were managed this way. No significant treatment trends were observed over time (p=0.8440). Significantly, different management decisions were made in those who attended the MDC compared to those who only saw a urologist (p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS In our DAP, the vast majority of patients presented with screen-detected disease, but there was a gradual shift from low- to intermediate-risk disease over time. Timely multidisciplinary consultation was achievable in over 80% of patients and was associated with different management decisions. We recommend that all patients at risk for prostate cancer be worked up in a multi-disciplinary DAP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David Guy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gabriella Ghanem
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew Loblaw
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada;; Department of Health Policy, Measurement and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada;; Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Roger Buckley
- Division of Urology, North York General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Beverly Persaud
- Division of Urology, North York General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Patrick Cheung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada;; Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Hans Chung
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada;; Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Cyril Danjoux
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada;; Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Gerard Morton
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada;; Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Jeff Noakes
- Division of Urology, North York General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Les Spevack
- Division of Urology, North York General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - David Hajek
- Division of Urology, North York General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stanley Flax
- Division of Urology, North York General Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Capocaccia R, Foschi R, Zucchetto A, Valdagni R, Nicolai N, Maffezzini M, Gatta G. Estimates of prostate cancer burden in Italy. Cancer Epidemiol 2015; 40:166-72. [PMID: 26771313 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Age-standardized incidence rates of prostate cancer (PC) sharply increased during the period 1990-2005 in Italian areas covered by cancer registries, while corresponding mortality rates remained nearly constant. The latest observations have reported on a reversal of the incidence trend with decreasing values after 2005. We provided incidence, mortality, and prevalence estimates at national and geographical area levels, together with time projections up to the year 2020. We applied the MIAMOD method, using as input national mortality data for the years 1970-2010 and population-based survival data for the period of diagnosis (1985-2002). We assumed relative survival of prostate cancer remained constant after the year of diagnosis (2005). The age-standardized incidence rates of PC were estimated to increase during the period 1984-2005, from 31 per 100,000 in 1984 to 93 per 100,000 in 2005. From 2005 onwards, the estimated rates declined to 71 in 2015 and to 62 in 2020. Age-standardized mortality rates slightly increased from 1970 up to about 19 per 100,000 in 1999 and then started to decrease with an estimated reduction of about 2.3% per year. Mortality projections indicated a continuing reduction, with a predicted age-standardized rate of about 12 per 100,000 in 2020. Prevalence was estimated to continuously increase up to a crude prevalence value of 1.2% in the year 2020. The results indicate that the epidemic peak of PC was reached around the year 2005 followed by declining incidence rates, while a substantial decrease in mortality, starting during the early 2000s, is expected to continue during the 2010s.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Capocaccia
- Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Evaluative Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy.
| | - R Foschi
- Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Evaluative Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - A Zucchetto
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, CRO Aviano National Cancer Institute IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - R Valdagni
- Division of Radiation Oncology 1, Prostate Cancer Program, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - N Nicolai
- Urological Surgical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - M Maffezzini
- Urological Surgical Oncology, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - G Gatta
- Department of Preventive and Predictive Medicine, Evaluative Epidemiology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer support groups (PCSGs) are community-based organizations that offer information and psychosocial support to men who experience prostate cancer and their families. Nurses are well positioned to refer men to a range of psychosocial resources to help them adjust to prostate cancer; however, little is known about nurses' perspectives on PCSGs. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to describe nurses' views about PCSGs as a means to making recommendations for advancing the effectiveness of PCSGs. METHODS A convenience sample of 101 Canadian nurses completed a 43-item Likert-scale questionnaire with the additional option of providing comments in response to an open-ended question. Univariate descriptive statistics and content analysis were used to analyze the quantitative and qualitative data, respectively. RESULTS Participants held positive views about the roles and potential impact of PCSGs. Participants strongly endorsed the benefits of support groups in disseminating information and providing support to help decrease patient anxiety. Online support groups were endorsed as a practical alternative for men who are reluctant to participate in face-to-face groups. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that nurses support the value of Canadian face-to-face and online PCSGs. This is important, given that nurses can help connect individual patients to community-based sources providing psychosocial support. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE Many men benefit from participating in PCSGs. Aside from positively endorsing the work of PCSGs, nurses are important partners for raising awareness of these groups among potential attendees and can directly contribute to information sharing in face-to-face and online PCSGs.
Collapse
|
18
|
Jain S, Loblaw A, Vesprini D, Zhang L, Kattan MW, Mamedov A, Jethava V, Sethukavalan P, Yu C, Klotz L. Gleason Upgrading with Time in a Large Prostate Cancer Active Surveillance Cohort. J Urol 2015; 194:79-84. [PMID: 25660208 DOI: 10.1016/j.juro.2015.01.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We report the percentage of patients on active surveillance who had disease pathologically upgraded and factors that predict for upgrading on surveillance biopsies. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients in our active surveillance database with at least 1 repeat prostate biopsy were included. Histological upgrading was defined as any increase in primary or secondary Gleason grade on repeat biopsy. Multivariate analysis was used to determine baseline and dynamic factors associated with Gleason upgrading. This information was used to develop a nomogram to predict for upgrading or treatment in patients electing for active surveillance. RESULTS Of 862 patients in our cohort 592 had 2 or more biopsies. Median followup was 6.4 years. Of the patients 20% were intermediate risk, 0.3% were high risk and all others were low risk. During active surveillance 31.3% of cases were upgraded. On multivariate analysis clinical stage T2, higher prostate specific antigen and higher percentage of cores involved with disease at the time of diagnosis predicted for upgrading. A total of 27 cases (15% of those upgraded) were Gleason 8 or higher at upgrading, and 62% of all 114 upgraded cases went on to have active treatment. The nomogram incorporated clinical stage, age, prostate specific antigen, core positivity and Gleason score. The concordance index was 0.61. CONCLUSIONS In this large re-biopsy cohort with medium-term followup, most cases have not been pathologically upgraded to date. A model predicting for upgrading or radical treatment was developed which could be useful in counseling patients considering active surveillance for prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suneil Jain
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew Loblaw
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Measurement and Evaluation, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Danny Vesprini
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Liying Zhang
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael W Kattan
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Alexandre Mamedov
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vibhuti Jethava
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Perakaa Sethukavalan
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Changhong Yu
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Laurence Klotz
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wang X, Breeze A, Kulka M. N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibit IFN-γ-induced IL-18 binding protein production by prostate cancer cells. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2015; 64:249-58. [PMID: 25351720 PMCID: PMC11028839 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-014-1630-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer cells can produce IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP) in response to interferon-γ (IFN-γ), which may function to neutralize IL-18, an anti-tumor factor formerly known as IFN-γ inducing factor. The consumption of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) has been associated with a lower risk of certain types of cancer including prostate cancer, although the precise mechanisms of this effect are poorly understood. We hypothesized that n-3 PUFAs could modify IL-18BP production by prostate cancer cells by altering IFN-γ receptor-mediated signal transduction. Here, we demonstrate that n-3 PUFA treatment significantly reduced IFN-γ-induced IL-18BP production by DU-145 and PC-3 prostate cancer cells by inhibiting IL-18BP mRNA expression and was associated with a reduction in IFN-γ receptor expression. Furthermore, IFN-γ-induced phosphorylation of Janus kinase 1 (JAK1), signal transducers and activators of transcription 1 (STAT1), extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2), and P38 were suppressed by n-3 PUFA treatment. By contrast, n-6 PUFA had no effect on IFN-γ receptor expression, but decreased IFN-γ-induced IL-18BP production and IFN-γ stimulation of JAK1, STAT1, ERK1/2, and JNK phosphorylation. These data indicate that both n-3 and n-6 PUFAs may be beneficial in prostate cancer by altering IFN-γ signaling, thus inhibiting IL-18BP production and thereby rendering prostate cancer cells more sensitive to IL-18-mediated immune responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Wang
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, 116 Street and 85 Avenue, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R3, Canada,
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Yu XQ, Luo Q, Smith DP, Clements MS, O'Connell DL. Prostate cancer prevalence in New South Wales Australia: a population-based study. Cancer Epidemiol 2014; 39:29-36. [PMID: 25530551 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2014.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/29/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Information on the current and future numbers of Australian men living with prostate cancer is limited. We describe a method for estimating complete prevalence of prostate cancer to provide a measure of the burden of prostate cancer in Australia. METHODS Prostate cancer data from the New South Wales (NSW) Central Cancer Registry were used with PIAMOD (Prevalence and Incidence Analysis MODel) software to estimate future prostate cancer prevalence in NSW. We first fitted parametric incidence and survival models then used the modelled incidence and survival estimates to calculate complete prevalence. The estimated and projected prevalence incorporate past observed trends and take into account different assumptions about future survival trends. These models were validated against observed prevalence from the counting method. RESULTS Based on data for 1996-2007, the number of men living with prostate cancer in NSW was estimated to rise by 59% to 73%, from 38,322 in 2007 to 60,910-66,160 in 2017. The increasing incidence rates and the ageing population were the major contributors to this estimated increase. Validation suggested that these projections were reasonable, as the estimated prevalence in 1996-2007 was in good agreement with the corresponding prevalence calculated using the direct counting method, and the incidence models were supported by the recent data on prostate-specific antigen testing. CONCLUSIONS As the number of men living with prostate cancer is expected to increase dramatically in the next decade in Australia, representing a significant challenge to the health system, careful planning and development of a healthcare system able to respond to this increased demand is required. These projections are useful for addressing the challenge in meeting the cancer care needs of men with prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Qin Yu
- Cancer Research Division, Cancer Council New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Sydney School of Public Health, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Qingwei Luo
- Cancer Research Division, Cancer Council New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - David P Smith
- Cancer Research Division, Cancer Council New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Griffith Health Institute, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia
| | - Mark S Clements
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Nordic Information for Action eScience Center, Stockholm, Sweden; Swedish e-Science Research Centre, KTH, Department of Mechanics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dianne L O'Connell
- Cancer Research Division, Cancer Council New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Sydney School of Public Health, the University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia; School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of NSW, Sydney, Australia; School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Prediction of cancer incidence in Tyrol/Austria for year of diagnosis 2020. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2014; 126:642-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00508-014-0596-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
|
22
|
Garrett BM, Oliffe JL, Bottorff JL, McKenzie M, Han CS, Ogrodniczuk JS. The value of prostate cancer support groups: a pilot study of primary physicians' perspectives. BMC FAMILY PRACTICE 2014; 15:56. [PMID: 24673983 PMCID: PMC3972516 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2296-15-56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In Canada, prostate cancer (PCa) is the most common male cancer, and prostate cancer support groups (PCSGs) have prevailed for more than 20 years providing support to men with PCa and their families. While the format, focus and benefits of attending PCSGs have been reported little is known about primary physicians' (PPs) perceptions of these groups. This article describes Canadian primary physicians' views about face-to-face and web-based PCSGs. METHODS Canadian based primary physicians (n = 140) attending a 2012 Continuing Medical Education Conference participated in a pilot survey questionnaire study. The 56-item questionnaire used in this study included six sets of attitudinal items to measure primary physicians' beliefs about positive and negative influences of PCSGs, reasons for attending PCSGs, the attributes of effective PCSGs, and the value of face-to-face and web-based PCSGs. RESULTS Results showed that PCSGs were positively valued, particularly for information sharing, education and psychosocial support. Poor inclusivity, privacy, and accessibility were identified as potential barriers, and recommendations were made for better marketing and web-based PCSGs to increase engagement with potential attendees. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest PPs highly valued the role and potential benefits of PCSGs. Information provision and an educational role were perceived as key benefits amid the need to improve local and provincial marketing of PCSGs. The potential for web-based PCSGs to help in the support of PCa patients was also recognized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bernard M Garrett
- School of Nursing, University of British Columbia, T201, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, V6T 2B5 Vancouver, BC, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Senescent remodeling of the innate and adaptive immune system in the elderly men with prostate cancer. Curr Gerontol Geriatr Res 2014; 2014:478126. [PMID: 24772169 PMCID: PMC3977481 DOI: 10.1155/2014/478126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2013] [Revised: 01/26/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite years of intensive investigation that has been made in understanding prostate cancer, it remains a major cause of death in men worldwide. Prostate cancer emerges from multiple alterations that induce changes in expression patterns of genes and proteins that function in networks controlling critical cellular events. Based on the exponential aging of the population and the increasing life expectancy in industrialized Western countries, prostate cancer in the elderly men is becoming a disease of increasing significance. Aging is a progressive degenerative process strictly integrated with inflammation. Several theories have been proposed that attempt to define the role of chronic inflammation in aging including redox stress, mitochondrial damage, immunosenescence, and epigenetic modifications. Here, we review the innate and adaptive immune systems and their senescent remodeling in elderly men with prostate cancer.
Collapse
|
24
|
Fode M, Sønksen J. Sexual Function in Elderly Men Receiving Androgen Deprivation Therapy (ADT). Sex Med Rev 2014; 2:36-46. [DOI: 10.1002/smrj.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
25
|
Sanyal C, Aprikian AG, Chevalier S, Cury FL, Dragomir A. Direct cost for initial management of prostate cancer: a systematic review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 20:e522-31. [PMID: 24311952 DOI: 10.3747/co.20.1630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (pca) is the most common non-skin cancer among men in Canada and other Western countries. Increased prevalence and higher cost of newer treatments have led to a significant rise in the economic burden of pca. The objectives of the present study were to systematically review the literature on direct costs for the initial management of pca, and to examine the methodologic considerations across studies. METHODS Bibliographic databases were systematically searched for peer-reviewed articles in English. Studies were reviewed for methodologic considerations and mean direct cost of active surveillance or watchful waiting (as/ww) and initial treatments. Direct cost was standardized to 2011 Canadian dollars. RESULTS After a review of abstracts and full-text papers, seventeen articles met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review. Studies were published during 1992-2010. The studies reported on health care systems in the United States, France, the United Kingdom, German, Italy, and Spain. Our review identified a lack of methodologic consensus, leading to variation in direct costs between studies. Nevertheless, results indicate a significant direct cost of pca treatments. CONCLUSIONS The existing literature lacks methodologically rigorous studies on the direct costs of pca treatments specific to publicly funded health care systems. Additional studies are required to appreciate the direct costs of newer treatments and the impact of their adoption on the growing economic burden of pca management.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Sanyal
- Research Institute of McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC. ; Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, McGill University, Montreal, QC
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sethukavalan P, Zhang L, Jethava V, Stevens C, Flax S, Buckley R, Bondy S, Loblaw A. Improved wait time intervals for prostate cancer patients in a multidisciplinary rapid diagnostic unit compared to a community-based referral pattern. Can Urol Assoc J 2013; 7:244-50. [PMID: 24032058 DOI: 10.5489/cuaj.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Wait times in cancer diagnosis and treatment may significantly affect a patient's treatment outcome, prognosis and quality of life. The purpose of this study was to capture wait time intervals for patients with prostate cancer treated with radiotherapy (RT) at the Odette Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada and to compare patients diagnosed in a rapid diagnostic unit (RDU) versus the usual community referral process. METHODS Patients agreed to participate in the study during their RT planning sessions. A semi-structured interview and chart abstraction was conducted to record key wait time milestones. RESULTS A total of 87 patients participated in the study: 44 RDU patients and 43 community patients. The median overall wait time intervals from suspicion of prostate cancer to RT was 138 and 183 days, respectively (p = 0.046). There were statistically significant differences observed for other key wait time intervals favouring the RDU cohort: suspicion to decision-to-treat (DTT; p = 0.012), urologist visit to diagnosis (p = 0.0094), diagnosis to DTT (p = 0.018), and diagnosis to treatment (p = 0.016). Risk category and Gleason sum was independently predictive of longer intervals from diagnosis to DTT. INTERPRETATION Wait time intervals from suspicion to treatment are significantly shorter for prostate cancer patients in 2011 to 2012 than in 2003 when patients were diagnosed and referred in the community setting. A prostate-specific RDU further reduced a number of key wait time intervals supporting more multidisciplinary RDUs for common diseases. Further work needs to be done to identify why delays are occurring and to develop new processes to minimize delays.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Perakaa Sethukavalan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Yu XQ, Clements M, O’Connell D. Projections of cancer prevalence by phase of care: a potential tool for planning future health service needs. J Cancer Surviv 2013; 7:641-51. [DOI: 10.1007/s11764-013-0303-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/22/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
28
|
Piperine, a Bioactive Component of Pepper Spice Exerts Therapeutic Effects on Androgen Dependent and Androgen Independent Prostate Cancer Cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e65889. [PMID: 23824300 PMCID: PMC3688824 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most common solid malignancy in men, with 32,000 deaths annually. Piperine, a major alkaloid constituent of black pepper, has previously been reported to have anti-cancer activity in variety of cancer cell lines. The effect of piperine against prostate cancer is not currently known. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the anti-tumor mechanisms of piperine on androgen dependent and androgen independent prostate cancer cells. Here, we show that piperine inhibited the proliferation of LNCaP, PC-3, 22RV1 and DU-145 prostate cancer cells in a dose dependent manner. Furthermore, Annexin-V staining demonstrated that piperine treatment induced apoptosis in hormone dependent prostate cancer cells (LNCaP). Using global caspase activation assay, we show that piperine-induced apoptosis resulted in caspase activation in LNCaP and PC-3 cells. Further studies revealed that piperine treatment resulted in the activation of caspase-3 and cleavage of PARP-1 proteins in LNCaP, PC-3 and DU-145 prostate cancer cells. Piperine treatment also disrupted androgen receptor (AR) expression in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Our evaluations further show that there is a significant reduction of Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) levels following piperine treatment in LNCaP cells. NF-kB and STAT-3 transcription factors have previously been shown to play a role in angiogenesis and invasion of prostate cancer cells. Interestingly, treatment of LNCaP, PC-3 and DU-145 prostate cancer cells with piperine resulted in reduced expression of phosphorylated STAT-3 and Nuclear factor-κB (NF-kB) transcription factors. These results correlated with the results of Boyden chamber assay, wherein piperine treatment reduced the cell migration of LNCaP and PC-3 cells. Finally, we show that piperine treatment significantly reduced the androgen dependent and androgen independent tumor growth in nude mice model xenotransplanted with prostate cancer cells. Taken together, these results support further investigation of piperine as a potential therapeutic agent in the treatment of prostate cancer.
Collapse
|
29
|
Loblaw A, Cheung P, D’Alimonte L, Deabreu A, Mamedov A, Zhang L, Tang C, Quon H, Jain S, Pang G, Nam R. Prostate stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy using a standard linear accelerator: Toxicity, biochemical, and pathological outcomes. Radiother Oncol 2013; 107:153-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2013.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Revised: 03/31/2013] [Accepted: 03/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
30
|
Challapalli A, Jones E, Harvey C, Hellawell GO, Mangar SA. High dose rate prostate brachytherapy: an overview of the rationale, experience and emerging applications in the treatment of prostate cancer. Br J Radiol 2013; 85 Spec No 1:S18-27. [PMID: 23118099 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/15403217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The technological advances in real-time ultrasound image guidance for high dose rate (HDR) prostate brachytherapy places this treatment modality at the forefront of innovation in radiotherapy. This review article will explore the rationale for HDR brachytherapy as a highly conformal method of dose delivery and safe dose escalation to the prostate, in addition to the particular radiobiological advantages it has over low dose rate and external beam radiotherapy. The encouraging outcome data and favourable toxicity profile will be discussed before looking at emerging applications for the future and how this procedure will feature alongside stereotactic radiosurgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Challapalli
- Department of Clinical Oncology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Abstract
Cannabinoids, their receptors and their metabolizing enzymes are emerging as a new regulatory system, which is involved in multiple physiological functions. Normal prostate tissue expresses several constituents of the endocannabinoid system including the CB(1) receptor, receptors belonging to the transient receptor potential family and fatty acid amide hydrolase, a hydrolyzing enzyme, all of which have been localized in the glandular epithelia. Accumulating evidence indicate that the endocannabinoid system is dysregulated in prostate cancer, suggesting that it has a role in prostate homeostasis. Overexpression of several components of the endocannabinoid system correlate with prostate cancer grade and progression, potentially providing a new therapeutic target for prostate cancer. Moreover, several cannabinoids exert antitumoral properties against prostate cancer, reducing xenograft prostate tumor growth, prostate cancer cell proliferation and cell migration. Although the therapeutic potential of cannabinoids against prostate cancer is very promising, future research using animal models is needed to evaluate the influence of systemic networks in their antitumoral action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Inés Díaz-Laviada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|