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Costas-Insua C, Hermoso-López A, Moreno E, Montero-Fernández C, Álvaro-Blázquez A, Maroto IB, Sánchez-Ruiz A, Diez-Alarcia R, Blázquez C, Morales P, Canela EI, Casadó V, Urigüen L, Perea G, Bellocchio L, Rodríguez-Crespo I, Guzmán M. The CB 1 receptor interacts with cereblon and drives cereblon deficiency-associated memory shortfalls. EMBO Mol Med 2024; 16:755-783. [PMID: 38514794 PMCID: PMC11018632 DOI: 10.1038/s44321-024-00054-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Cereblon/CRBN is a substrate-recognition component of the Cullin4A-DDB1-Roc1 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Destabilizing mutations in the human CRBN gene cause a form of autosomal recessive non-syndromic intellectual disability (ARNSID) that is modelled by knocking-out the mouse Crbn gene. A reduction in excitatory neurotransmission has been proposed as an underlying mechanism of the disease. However, the precise factors eliciting this impairment remain mostly unknown. Here we report that CRBN molecules selectively located on glutamatergic neurons are necessary for proper memory function. Combining various in vivo approaches, we show that the cannabinoid CB1 receptor (CB1R), a key suppressor of synaptic transmission, is overactivated in CRBN deficiency-linked ARNSID mouse models, and that the memory deficits observed in these animals can be rescued by acute CB1R-selective pharmacological antagonism. Molecular studies demonstrated that CRBN interacts physically with CB1R and impairs the CB1R-Gi/o-cAMP-PKA pathway in a ubiquitin ligase-independent manner. Taken together, these findings unveil that CB1R overactivation is a driving mechanism of CRBN deficiency-linked ARNSID and anticipate that the antagonism of CB1R could constitute a new therapy for this orphan disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Costas-Insua
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alba Hermoso-López
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Estefanía Moreno
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carlos Montero-Fernández
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alicia Álvaro-Blázquez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene B Maroto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Rebeca Diez-Alarcia
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, 48940, Leioa, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- BioBizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | - Cristina Blázquez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Morales
- Instituto de Química Médica, CSIC, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enric I Canela
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicent Casadó
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leyre Urigüen
- Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, 48940, Leioa, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), 28029, Madrid, Spain
- BioBizkaia Health Research Institute, 48903, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain
| | | | - Luigi Bellocchio
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) and University of Bordeaux, NeuroCentre Magendie, Physiopathologie de la Plasticité Neuronale, U1215, 33077, Bordeaux, France
| | - Ignacio Rodríguez-Crespo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Guzmán
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Instituto Universitario de Investigación Neuroquímica (IUIN), Complutense University, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029, Madrid, Spain.
- Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria (IRYCIS), 28034, Madrid, Spain.
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Toader C, Eva L, Covache-Busuioc RA, Costin HP, Glavan LA, Corlatescu AD, Ciurea AV. Unraveling the Multifaceted Role of the Golgi Apparatus: Insights into Neuronal Plasticity, Development, Neurogenesis, Alzheimer's Disease, and SARS-CoV-2 Interactions. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1363. [PMID: 37891732 PMCID: PMC10605100 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13101363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This article critically evaluates the multifunctional role of the Golgi apparatus within neurological paradigms. We succinctly highlight its influence on neuronal plasticity, development, and the vital trafficking and sorting mechanisms for proteins and lipids. The discourse further navigates to its regulatory prominence in neurogenesis and its implications in Alzheimer's Disease pathogenesis. The emerging nexus between the Golgi apparatus and SARS-CoV-2 underscores its potential in viral replication processes. This consolidation accentuates the Golgi apparatus's centrality in neurobiology and its intersections with both neurodegenerative and viral pathologies. In essence, understanding the Golgi's multifaceted functions harbors profound implications for future therapeutic innovations in neurological and viral afflictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corneliu Toader
- Department of Neurosurgery, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.T.); (H.P.C.); (L.-A.G.); (A.D.C.); (A.V.C.)
- Department of Vascular Neurosurgery, National Institute of Neurology and Neurovascular Diseases, 077160 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lucian Eva
- Faculty of Medicine, “Dunarea de Jos” University of Galati, 800201 Galați, Romania
- Emergency Clinical Hospital “Prof. dr. N. Oblu”, 700309 Iasi, Romania
| | - Razvan-Adrian Covache-Busuioc
- Department of Neurosurgery, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.T.); (H.P.C.); (L.-A.G.); (A.D.C.); (A.V.C.)
| | - Horia Petre Costin
- Department of Neurosurgery, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.T.); (H.P.C.); (L.-A.G.); (A.D.C.); (A.V.C.)
| | - Luca-Andrei Glavan
- Department of Neurosurgery, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.T.); (H.P.C.); (L.-A.G.); (A.D.C.); (A.V.C.)
| | - Antonio Daniel Corlatescu
- Department of Neurosurgery, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.T.); (H.P.C.); (L.-A.G.); (A.D.C.); (A.V.C.)
| | - Alexandru Vlad Ciurea
- Department of Neurosurgery, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania; (C.T.); (H.P.C.); (L.-A.G.); (A.D.C.); (A.V.C.)
- Neurosurgery Department, Sanador Clinical Hospital, 010991 Bucharest, Romania
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Eatmann AI, Hamouda E, Hamouda H, Farouk HK, Jobran AWM, Omar AA, Madeeh AK, Al-Dardery NM, Elnoamany S, Abd-Elnasser EG, Koraiem AM, Ahmed AA, Abouzid M, Karaźniewicz-Łada M. Potential Use of Thalidomide in Glioblastoma Treatment: An Updated Brief Overview. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13040543. [PMID: 37110201 PMCID: PMC10146416 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13040543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults. Thalidomide is a vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor that demonstrates antiangiogenic activity, and may provide additive or synergistic anti-tumor effects when co-administered with other antiangiogenic medications. This study is a comprehensive review that highlights the potential benefits of using thalidomide, in combination with other medications, to treat glioblastoma and its associated inflammatory conditions. Additionally, the review examines the mechanism of action of thalidomide in different types of tumors, which may be beneficial in treating glioblastoma. To our knowledge, a similar study has not been conducted. We found that thalidomide, when used in combination with other medications, has been shown to produce better outcomes in several conditions or symptoms, such as myelodysplastic syndromes, multiple myeloma, Crohn's disease, colorectal cancer, renal failure carcinoma, breast cancer, glioblastoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, challenges may persist for newly diagnosed or previously treated patients, with moderate side effects being reported, particularly with the various mechanisms of action observed for thalidomide. Therefore, thalidomide, used alone, may not receive significant attention for use in treating glioblastoma in the future. Conducting further research by replicating current studies that show improved outcomes when thalidomide is combined with other medications, using larger sample sizes, different demographic groups and ethnicities, and implementing enhanced therapeutic protocol management, may benefit these patients. A meta-analysis of the combinations of thalidomide with other medications in treating glioblastoma is also needed to investigate its potential benefits further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ismail Eatmann
- Department of Cell Biophysics, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 31-007 Kraków, Poland
| | - Esraa Hamouda
- Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia P.O. Box 5744, Egypt
| | - Heba Hamouda
- Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia P.O. Box 5744, Egypt
| | | | - Afnan W M Jobran
- Faculty of Medicine, Al Quds University, Jerusalem P.O. Box 51000, Palestine
| | - Abdallah A Omar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Services and Sciences, Children's Cancer Hospital Egypt (CCHE-57357), Cairo 11617, Egypt
| | | | | | - Salma Elnoamany
- Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Menoufia P.O. Box 5744, Egypt
| | | | | | - Alhassan Ali Ahmed
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
- Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Mohamed Abouzid
- Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3 St., 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Marta Karaźniewicz-Łada
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3 St., 60-806 Poznan, Poland
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4
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Singh H, Agrawal DK. Recent advancements in the discovery of cereblon-based protease-targeted chimeras with potential for therapeutic intervention. Future Med Chem 2022; 14:1403-1416. [PMID: 36047364 PMCID: PMC9518005 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2022-0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Protease-targeted chimeras (PROTACs) have been employed as a novel therapeutic approach, utilizing the ubiquitin-proteasome system for targeted protein degradation. PROTACs are heterobifunctional molecules consisting of an E3 ligase ligand and a small-molecule inhibitor for recruiting a protein of interest. After binding, PROTAC molecules recruit E3 ligase for ubiquitination of the protein of interest, which is followed by its proteasome-mediated degradation. PROTAC molecules have several advantages over traditional small-molecule inhibitors. A number of PROTAC molecules based on small-molecule inhibitors have been developed against various diseases, among which cereblon-based PROTAC molecules have received the greatest interest due to their promising clinical use. This article highlights the current trends in the discovery of cereblon-based PROTAC molecules along with their medicinal chemistry, clinical progression and future outlook in cancers, cardiovascular diseases and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harbinder Singh
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
| | - Devendra K Agrawal
- Department of Translational Research, College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA
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Yamamoto J, Ito T, Yamaguchi Y, Handa H. Discovery of CRBN as a target of thalidomide: a breakthrough for progress in the development of protein degraders. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:6234-6250. [PMID: 35796627 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00116k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Progress in strategies aimed at breaking down therapeutic target proteins has led to a paradigm shift in drug discovery. Thalidomide and its derivatives are the only protein degraders currently used in clinical practice. Our understanding of the molecular mechanism of action of thalidomide and its derivatives has advanced dramatically since the identification of cereblon (CRBN) as their direct target. The binding of thalidomide derivatives to CRBN, a substrate recognition receptor for Cullin 4 RING E3 ubiquitin ligase (CRL4), induces the recruitment of non-native substrates to CRL4CRBN and their subsequent degradation. This discovery was a breakthrough in the current rapid development of protein-degrading agents because clarification of the mechanism of action of thalidomide derivatives has demonstrated the clinical value of these compounds. This review provides an overview of the mechanism of action of thalidomide and its derivatives and describes perspectives for protein degraders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junichi Yamamoto
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Takumi Ito
- Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamaguchi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Handa
- Center for Future Medical Research, Tokyo Medical University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan.
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Sanchez AC, Thren ED, Iovine MK, Skibbens RV. Esco2 and cohesin regulate CRL4 ubiquitin ligase ddb1 expression and thalidomide teratogenicity. Cell Cycle 2022; 21:501-513. [PMID: 34989322 PMCID: PMC8942496 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2021.2023304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) and Roberts syndrome (RBS) are severe developmental maladies that arise from mutation of cohesin (including SMC3, CdLS) and ESCO2 (RBS). Though ESCO2 activates cohesin, CdLS and RBS etiologies are currently considered non-synonymous and for which pharmacological treatments are unavailable. Here, we identify a unifying mechanism that integrates these genetic maladies to pharmacologically-induced teratogenicity via thalidomide. Our results reveal that Esco2 and cohesin co-regulate the transcription of a component of CRL4 ubiquitin ligase through which thalidomide exerts teratogenic effects. These findings are the first to link RBS and CdLS to thalidomide teratogenicity and offer new insights into treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie C. Sanchez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Elise D. Thren
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - M. Kathryn Iovine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Robert V. Skibbens
- Department of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
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Park N, Marquez J, Pham TK, Ko TH, Youm JB, Kim M, Choi SH, Moon J, Flores J, Ko KS, Rhee BD, Shimizu I, Minamino T, Du Ha J, Hwang JY, Yang SJ, Park CS, Kim HK, Han J. Cereblon contributes to cardiac dysfunction by degrading Cav1.2α. Eur Heart J 2022; 43:1973-1989. [PMID: 35190817 DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehac072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Cereblon (CRBN) is a substrate receptor of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that was reported to target ion channel proteins. L-type voltage-dependent Ca2+ channel (LTCC) density and dysfunction is a critical player in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). However, the underlying cellular mechanisms by which CRBN regulates LTCC subtype Cav1.2α during cardiac dysfunction remain unclear. Here, we explored the role of CRBN in HFrEF by investigating the direct regulatory role of CRBN in Cav1.2α activity and examining how it can serve as a target to address myocardial dysfunction. METHODS AND RESULTS Cardiac tissues from HFrEF patients exhibited increased levels of CRBN compared with controls. In vivo and ex vivo studies demonstrated that whole-body CRBN knockout (CRBN-/-) and cardiac-specific knockout mice (Crbnfl/fl/Myh6Cre+) exhibited enhanced cardiac contractility with increased LTCC current (ICaL) compared with their respective controls, which was modulated by the direct interaction of CRBN with Cav1.2α. Mechanistically, the Lon domain of CRBN directly interacted with the N-terminal of Cav1.2α. Increasing CRBN levels enhanced the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of Cav1.2α and decreased ICaL. In contrast, genetic or pharmacological depletion of CRBN via TD-165, a novel PROTAC-based CRBN degrader, increased surface expression of Cav1.2α and enhanced ICaL. Low CRBN levels protected the heart against cardiomyopathy in vivo. CONCLUSION Cereblon selectively degrades Cav1.2α, which in turn facilitates cardiac dysfunction. A targeted approach or an efficient method of reducing CRBN levels could serve as a promising strategy for HFrEF therapeutics. KEY QUESTION KEY FINDING TAKE-HOME MESSAGE Cereblon modulates cardiac function by altering Cav1.2α current density and CRBN-targeting therapy could serve as a novel strategy for future HFrEF therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nammi Park
- Basic Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Jubert Marquez
- Basic Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Trong Kha Pham
- Basic Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Hee Ko
- Basic Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Boum Youm
- Basic Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kim
- Basic Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Hak Choi
- Basic Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiyoung Moon
- Basic Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Jessa Flores
- Basic Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Ko
- Basic Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Doo Rhee
- Basic Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Ippei Shimizu
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Tohru Minamino
- Department of Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata 951-8510, Japan
| | - Jae Du Ha
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Yeon Hwang
- Therapeutics & Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Joo Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Cell Logistics Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Seung Park
- School of Life Sciences and Cell Logistics Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoung Kyu Kim
- Basic Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Han
- Basic Research Laboratory, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan 614-735, Republic of Korea
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8
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The ubiquitination-dependent and -independent functions of cereblon in cancer and neurological diseases. J Mol Biol 2022; 434:167457. [PMID: 35045330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2022.167457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cereblon (CRBN) mediates the teratogenic effect of thalidomide in zebrafish, chicken, and humans. It additionally modulates the anti-myeloma effect of the immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) thalidomide, lenalidomide, and pomalidomide. IMiDs bind to CRBN and recruit neo-substrates for their ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation, which significantly expands the application of proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) for targeted drug discovery. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms by which CRBN mediates the teratogenicity and anti-myeloma effect of IMiDs are not fully elucidated. Furthermore, the normal physiological functions of endogenous CRBN have not been extensively studied, which precludes the thorough assessment of side effects of the CRBN ligand-based PROTACs in the treatment of cancer and neurological diseases. To advance our understanding of the diverse functions of CRBN, in this review, we will survey the ubiquitination-dependent and -independent functions of CRBN, summarize recent advances in the discovery of constitutive and neo-substrates of CRBN, and explore the molecular functions of CRBN in cancer treatment and in the development of neurological diseases. We will also discuss the potential future directions towards the identification of CRBN substrates and interacting proteins, and CRBN-ligand-based drug discovery in the treatment of cancer and neurological diseases.
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9
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Kim HK, Seol JE, Ahn SW, Jeon S, Park CS, Han J. Cereblon: promise and challenges for combating human diseases. Pflugers Arch 2021; 473:1695-1711. [PMID: 34553266 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-021-02624-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Cereblon (CRBN) is a substrate recognition protein in the E3-ligase ubiquitin complex. The binding target of CRBN varies according to tissues and cells, and the protein regulates various biological functions by regulating tissue-specific targets. As new endogenous targets of CRBN have been identified over the past decade, the physiological and pathological functions of CRBN and its potential as a therapeutic target in various diseases have greatly expanded. For this purpose, in this review article, we introduce the basic principle of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, the regulation of physiological/pathological functions related to the endogenous substrate of CRBN, and the discovery of immunomodulatory imide drug-mediated neo-substrates of CRBN. In addition, the development of CRBN-based proteolysis-targeting chimeras, which has been actively researched recently, and strategies for developing therapeutic agents using them are introduced. These recent updates on CRBN will be useful in the establishment of strategies for disease treatment and utilization of CRBNs in biomedical engineering and clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung Kyu Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School, Inje University, 47392, Busan, Korea
| | - Jung Eun Seol
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School, Inje University, 47392, Busan, Korea
- Department of Dermatology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, 47392, Busan, Korea
| | - Sang Woo Ahn
- Department of Dermatology, Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Inje University, 47392, Busan, Korea
| | - Seungje Jeon
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School, Inje University, 47392, Busan, Korea
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea
| | - Chul-Seung Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jin Han
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Smart Marine Therapeutic Center, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Graduate School, Inje University, 47392, Busan, Korea.
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10
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Márquez-Cantudo L, Ramos A, Coderch C, de Pascual-Teresa B. Proteasomal Degradation of Zn-Dependent Hdacs: The E3-Ligases Implicated and the Designed Protacs That Enable Degradation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185606. [PMID: 34577077 PMCID: PMC8467390 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein degradation by the Ubiquitin-Proteasome System is one of the main mechanisms of the regulation of cellular proteostasis, and the E3 ligases are the key effectors for the protein recognition and degradation. Many E3 ligases have key roles in cell cycle regulation, acting as checkpoints and checkpoint regulators. One of the many important proteins involved in the regulation of the cell cycle are the members of the Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) family. The importance of zinc dependent HDACs in the regulation of chromatin packing and, therefore, gene expression, has made them targets for the design and synthesis of HDAC inhibitors. However, achieving potency and selectivity has proven to be a challenge due to the homology between the zinc dependent HDACs. PROteolysis TArgeting Chimaera (PROTAC) design has been demonstrated to be a useful strategy to inhibit and selectively degrade protein targets. In this review, we attempt to summarize the E3 ligases that naturally ubiquitinate HDACs, analyze their structure, and list the known ligands that can bind to these E3 ligases and be used for PROTAC design, as well as the already described HDAC-targeted PROTACs.
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11
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Regulation of AMPK Activity by CRBN Is Independent of the Thalidomide-CRL4 CRBN Protein Degradation Axis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14060512. [PMID: 34073624 PMCID: PMC8228114 DOI: 10.3390/ph14060512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cereblon (CRBN), a primary target of immune-modulatory imide drugs (IMiDs), functions as a substrate receptor in the CUL4-RBX1-DDB1-CRBN (known as CRL4CRBN) E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Binding of IMiDs to CRBN redirects the CRL4CRBN E3 ubiquitin ligase to recruit or displace its substrates. Interaction between CRBN and the AMPK α subunit leads to CRL4CRBN-dependent degradation of the γ subunit and inhibits AMPK activity. However, the effect of thalidomide on the function of CRBN as a negative regulator of AMPK through interaction with the α subunit remains unclear. Here, we show that thalidomide does not affect AMPK activation or the binding affinity between CRBN and the AMPK α subunit. Thalidomide had no effect on AMPK activity independent of CRBN expression. The N-terminal region and C-terminal tail of CRBN, which is distinct from the IMiD binding site, were critical for interaction with the AMPK α subunit. The present results suggest that CRL4CRBN negatively regulates AMPK through a pathway independent from the CRBN-IMiD binding region.
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12
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Ito T, Yamaguchi Y, Handa H. Exploiting ubiquitin ligase cereblon as a target for small-molecule compounds in medicine and chemical biology. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:987-999. [PMID: 34033753 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2021.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Cereblon (CRBN), originally identified as a gene associated with intellectual disability, was identified as primary target of thalidomide. Accumulating evidence has shown that CRBN is a substrate receptor of Cullin Ring E3 ubiquitin ligase 4 (CRL4) containing DDB1, CUL4, and RBX1, which recognizes specific neosubstrates in the presence of thalidomide or its analogs and induces their ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. A set of small-molecule, CRBN-binding drugs are known as molecular glue degraders because these compounds promote the interaction between CRBN and its neosubstrates. Moreover, CRBN-based proteolysis-targeting chimeras, heterobifunctional molecules hijacking CRBN and inducing degradation of proteins of interest, have emerged as a promising modality in drug development and are being actively investigated. Meanwhile, the original functions and regulations of CRBN are still largely elusive. In this review, we describe key findings surrounding CRBN since its discovery and then discuss a few unanswered issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takumi Ito
- Department of Chemical Biology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku 160-8402, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamaguchi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Handa
- Department of Chemical Biology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku 160-8402, Japan.
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13
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Cereblon harnesses Myc-dependent bioenergetics and activity of CD8+ T lymphocytes. Blood 2021; 136:857-870. [PMID: 32403132 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019003257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunomodulatory drugs, such as thalidomide and related compounds, potentiate T-cell effector functions. Cereblon (CRBN), a substrate receptor of the DDB1-cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, is the only molecular target for this drug class, where drug-induced, ubiquitin-dependent degradation of known "neosubstrates," such as IKAROS, AIOLOS, and CK1α, accounts for their biological activity. Far less clear is whether these CRBN E3 ligase-modulating compounds disrupt the endogenous functions of CRBN. We report that CRBN functions in a feedback loop that harnesses antigen-specific CD8+ T-cell effector responses. Specifically, Crbn deficiency in murine CD8+ T cells augments their central metabolism manifested as elevated bioenergetics, with supraphysiological levels of polyamines, secondary to enhanced glucose and amino acid transport, and with increased expression of metabolic enzymes, including the polyamine biosynthetic enzyme ornithine decarboxylase. Treatment with CRBN-modulating compounds similarly augments central metabolism of human CD8+ T cells. Notably, the metabolic control of CD8+ T cells by modulating compounds or Crbn deficiency is linked to increased and sustained expression of the master metabolic regulator MYC. Finally, Crbn-deficient T cells have augmented antigen-specific cytolytic activity vs melanoma tumor cells, ex vivo and in vivo, and drive accelerated and highly aggressive graft-versus-host disease. Therefore, CRBN functions to harness the activation of CD8+ T cells, and this phenotype can be exploited by treatment with drugs.
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14
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Sato T, Ito T, Handa H. Cereblon-Based Small-Molecule Compounds to Control Neural Stem Cell Proliferation in Regenerative Medicine. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:629326. [PMID: 33777938 PMCID: PMC7990905 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.629326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Thalidomide, a sedative drug that was once excluded from the market owing to its teratogenic properties, was later found to be effective in treating multiple myeloma. We had previously demonstrated that cereblon (CRBN) is the target of thalidomide embryopathy and acts as a substrate receptor for the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex, Cullin-Ring ligase 4 (CRL4CRBN) in zebrafish and chicks. CRBN was originally identified as a gene responsible for mild intellectual disability in humans. Fetuses exposed to thalidomide in early pregnancy were at risk of neurodevelopmental disorders such as autism, suggesting that CRBN is involved in prenatal brain development. Recently, we found that CRBN controls the proliferation of neural stem cells in the developing zebrafish brain, leading to changes in brain size. Our findings imply that CRBN is involved in neural stem cell growth in humans. Accumulating evidence shows that CRBN is essential not only for the teratogenic effects but also for the therapeutic effects of thalidomide. This review summarizes recent progress in thalidomide and CRBN research, focusing on the teratogenic and therapeutic effects. Investigation of the molecular mechanisms underlying the therapeutic effects of thalidomide and its derivatives, CRBN E3 ligase modulators (CELMoDs), reveals that these modulators provide CRBN the ability to recognize neosubstrates depending on their structure. Understanding the therapeutic effects leads to the development of a novel technology called CRBN-based proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) for target protein knockdown. These studies raise the possibility that CRBN-based small-molecule compounds regulating the proliferation of neural stem cells may be developed for application in regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Sato
- Department of Chemical Biology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takumi Ito
- Department of Chemical Biology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Handa
- Department of Chemical Biology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Heider M, Eichner R, Stroh J, Morath V, Kuisl A, Zecha J, Lawatscheck J, Baek K, Garz AK, Rudelius M, Deuschle FC, Keller U, Lemeer S, Verbeek M, Götze KS, Skerra A, Weber WA, Buchner J, Schulman BA, Kuster B, Fernández-Sáiz V, Bassermann F. The IMiD target CRBN determines HSP90 activity toward transmembrane proteins essential in multiple myeloma. Mol Cell 2021; 81:1170-1186.e10. [PMID: 33571422 PMCID: PMC7980223 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2020.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The complex architecture of transmembrane proteins requires quality control (QC) of folding, membrane positioning, and trafficking as prerequisites for cellular homeostasis and intercellular communication. However, it has remained unclear whether transmembrane protein-specific QC hubs exist. Here we identify cereblon (CRBN), the target of immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs), as a co-chaperone that specifically determines chaperone activity of HSP90 toward transmembrane proteins by means of counteracting AHA1. This function is abrogated by IMiDs, which disrupt the interaction of CRBN with HSP90. Among the multiple transmembrane protein clients of CRBN-AHA1-HSP90 revealed by cell surface proteomics, we identify the amino acid transporter LAT1/CD98hc as a determinant of IMiD activity in multiple myeloma (MM) and present an Anticalin-based CD98hc radiopharmaceutical for MM radio-theranostics. These data establish the CRBN-AHA1-HSP90 axis in the biogenesis of transmembrane proteins, link IMiD activity to tumor metabolism, and nominate CD98hc and LAT1 as attractive diagnostic and therapeutic targets in MM. CRBN functions as a transmembrane protein-specific co-chaperone of HSP90 Disruption of CRBN-HSP90 interaction determines the anti-tumor activity of IMiDs The CD98hc/LAT1 complex is a central target of IMiDs in multiple myeloma CD98hc-Anticalin is a theranostic tool in multiple myeloma
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Heider
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; TranslaTUM, Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Ruth Eichner
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; TranslaTUM, Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Jacob Stroh
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; TranslaTUM, Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Volker Morath
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Kuisl
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; TranslaTUM, Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Jana Zecha
- Department of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jannis Lawatscheck
- Center for Integrated Protein Science at the Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Kheewoong Baek
- Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Anne-Kathrin Garz
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Martina Rudelius
- Institute of Pathology, Ludwig-Maximilians University, 80337 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich Keller
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology (Campus Benjamin Franklin), Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 12200 Berlin, Germany
| | - Simone Lemeer
- Department of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Mareike Verbeek
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina S Götze
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Arne Skerra
- Lehrstuhl für Biologische Chemie, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany
| | - Wolfgang A Weber
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Johannes Buchner
- Center for Integrated Protein Science at the Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Brenda A Schulman
- Department of Molecular Machines and Signaling, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany
| | - Bernhard Kuster
- Department of Proteomics and Bioanalytics, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Vanesa Fernández-Sáiz
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; TranslaTUM, Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany.
| | - Florian Bassermann
- Department of Medicine III, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; TranslaTUM, Center for Translational Cancer Research, Technical University of Munich, 81675 Munich, Germany; German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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16
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Guo J, Mu D, Han Y. [Research Progress on the Mechanism and Clinical Data of Cereblon
in Reversing the Resistance of Lung Cancer to PD-1 Antibody by T cells]. ZHONGGUO FEI AI ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF LUNG CANCER 2021; 24:49-55. [PMID: 33478191 PMCID: PMC7849032 DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2020.102.49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1) is a membrance-spanning protein mostly expressed in the T cell, and combines with programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) in the targeting cell. When binding to the ligand on tumor cells, PD-1 as an immunosuppressive molecule, can inhibit the immune function of T cells, thus tumor immune escape. For example, depletion of peripheral effector T cell and accelerate the transformation of effector T cells into regulator T cells. To solve this problem, PD-1 antibody is used to bind to PD-1 on T cells to inhibit the interaction between PD-1 on the T cells and PD-L1 on the tumor cells so that it can restore the function of T cells to kill tumor cell. PD-1 antibodies, such as Nivolumab and Pembrolizumb, are approved as a first-line treatment for advanced non-small cell lung cell cancer. However, due to the interaction of tumor cells, T cells and cytokines, some patients developed drug resistance which reduces the efficacy of immunotherapy. Hence, how to overcome resistance has become a urgent problem. Cereblon (CRBN), a substrate receptor of the DDB1-cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complex and the only known molecular receptor of immunoregulatory drugs, has been found to reverse PD-1 antibody resistance by binding to CRBN regulatory agents (CMS), exert T cell immune function by regulating proliferation, activation and metabolism of T cell. In this paper, the mechanism of down-regulation of T cells leading to resistance of PD-1 antibody in lung cancer, the mechanism of CRBN regulating T cells, and research progress of CRBN regulator in the treatment of lung cancer were reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Guo
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin Medicial University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Di Mu
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin Medicial University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Ying Han
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Immunology and Biotherapy, Tianjin Medicial University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China.,Department of Biotherapy, Tianjin Medicial University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
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17
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Crbn modulates calcium influx by regulating Orai1 during efferocytosis. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5489. [PMID: 33127885 PMCID: PMC7603501 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19272-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium flux regulating intracellular calcium levels is essential and modulated for efficient efferocytosis. However, the molecular mechanism by which calcium flux is modulated during efferocytosis remains elusive. Here, we report that Orai1, a Crbn substrate, is upregulated via its attenuated interaction with Crbn during efferocytosis, which increases calcium influx into phagocytes and thereby promotes efferocytosis. We found that Crbn deficiency promoted phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, which resulted from facilitated phagocytic cup closure and was nullified by a CRAC channel inhibitor. In addition, Orai1 associated with Crbn, resulting in ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of Orai1 and alteration of SOCE-mediated calcium influx. The association of Orai1 with Crbn was attenuated during efferocytosis, leading to reduced ubiquitination of Orai1 and consequently upregulation of Orai1 and calcium influx. Collectively, our study reveals a regulatory mechanism by which calcium influx is modulated by a Crbn-Orai1 axis to facilitate efferocytosis.
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18
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Blondelle J, Biju A, Lange S. The Role of Cullin-RING Ligases in Striated Muscle Development, Function, and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7936. [PMID: 33114658 PMCID: PMC7672578 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The well-orchestrated turnover of proteins in cross-striated muscles is one of the fundamental processes required for muscle cell function and survival. Dysfunction of the intricate protein degradation machinery is often associated with development of cardiac and skeletal muscle myopathies. Most muscle proteins are degraded by the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). The UPS involves a number of enzymes, including E3-ligases, which tightly control which protein substrates are marked for degradation by the proteasome. Recent data reveal that E3-ligases of the cullin family play more diverse and crucial roles in cross striated muscles than previously anticipated. This review highlights some of the findings on the multifaceted functions of cullin-RING E3-ligases, their substrate adapters, muscle protein substrates, and regulatory proteins, such as the Cop9 signalosome, for the development of cross striated muscles, and their roles in the etiology of myopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan Blondelle
- Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Andrea Biju
- Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Stephan Lange
- Department of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University of Gothenburg, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
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19
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Jeon SJ, Ham J, Park CS, Lee B. Susceptibility of pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures in mice with Cereblon gene knockout. BMB Rep 2020. [PMID: 32843131 PMCID: PMC7526979 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2020.53.9.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a neurological disorder characterized by unpredictable seizures,
which are bursts of electrical activity that tempo-rarily affect the brain.
Cereblon (CRBN), a DCAFs (DDB1 and
CUL4associated factors),
is a well-established protein associated with human mental retardation. Being a
substrate receptor of the cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase (CRL) 4 complex, CRBN
mediates ubiquitination of several substrates and conducts multiple biological
processes. In the central nervous system, the large-conductance
Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa) channel, which is the
substrate of CRBN, is an important regulator of epilepsy. Despite the functional
role and importance of CRBN in the brain, di-rect injection of
pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) to induce seizures in CRBN knock-out mice has not been
challenged. In this study, we investigated the effect of PTZ in CRBN knock-out
mice. Here, we demonstrate that, compared with WT mice, CRBN knock-out mice do
not show the intensification of seizures by PTZ induction. Moreover,
electroencephalography recordings were also performed in the brains of both WT
and CRBN knockout mice to identify the absence of significant differences in the
pattern of seizure activities. Consistently, immunoblot analysis for validating
the protein level of the CRL4 complex containing CRBN (CRL4Crbn) in
the mouse brain was carried out. Taken together, we found that the deficiency of
CRBN does not affect PTZ-induced seizure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Je Jeon
- School of Life Sciences and Integrated Institute of Biomedical Research (IIBR), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Jinsil Ham
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering (BMSE), Institute of Integrated Technology (IIT), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Chul-Seung Park
- School of Life Sciences and Integrated Institute of Biomedical Research (IIBR), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Boreom Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering (BMSE), Institute of Integrated Technology (IIT), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Korea
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20
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Kim YK, Chae SC, Yang HJ, An DE, Lee S, Yeo MG, Lee KJ. Cereblon Deletion Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-induced Proinflammatory Cytokines through 5'-Adenosine Monophosphate-Activated Protein Kinase/Heme Oxygenase-1 Activation in ARPE-19 Cells. Immune Netw 2020; 20:e26. [PMID: 32655974 PMCID: PMC7327155 DOI: 10.4110/in.2020.20.e26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cereblon (CRBN), a negative modulator of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), is highly expressed in the retina. We confirmed the expression of CRBN in ARPE-19 human retinal cells by Western blotting. We also demonstrated that CRBN knock-down (KD) could effectively downregulate IL-6 and MCP-1 protein and gene expression in LPS-stimulated ARPE-19 cells. Additionally, CRBN KD increased the phosphorylation of AMPK/acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) and the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in ARPE-19 cells. Furthermore, CRBN KD significantly reduced LPS-induced nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 and activation of NF-κB promoter activity. However, these processes could be inactivated by compound C (inhibitor of AMPK) and zinc protoporphyrin-1 (ZnPP-1; inhibitor of HO-1). In conclusion, compound C and ZnPP-1 can rescue LPS-induced levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and MCP-1) in CRBN KD ARPE-19 cells. Our data demonstrate that CRBN deficiency negatively regulates proinflammatory cytokines via the activation of AMPK/HO-1 in the retina.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Kyu Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Soo Chul Chae
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Nambu University, Gwangju 62271, Korea.,Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
| | - Hun Ji Yang
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Da Eun An
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Sion Lee
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Myeong Gu Yeo
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Nambu University, Gwangju 62271, Korea
| | - Kyung Jin Lee
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea.,Department of Life Science, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea
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21
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Asatsuma-Okumura T, Ito T, Handa H. Molecular Mechanisms of the Teratogenic Effects of Thalidomide. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13050095. [PMID: 32414180 PMCID: PMC7281272 DOI: 10.3390/ph13050095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/08/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thalidomide was sold worldwide as a sedative over 60 years ago, but it was quickly withdrawn from the market due to its teratogenic effects. Thalidomide was later found to have therapeutic effects in several diseases, although the molecular mechanisms remained unclear. The discovery of cereblon (CRBN), the direct target of thalidomide, a decade ago greatly improved our understanding of its mechanism of action. Accumulating evidence has shown that CRBN functions as a substrate of Cullin RING E3 ligase (CRL4CRBN), whose specificity is controlled by ligands such as thalidomide. For example, lenalidomide and pomalidomide, well-known thalidomide derivatives, degrade the neosubstrates Ikaros and Aiolos, resulting in anti-proliferative effects in multiple myeloma. Recently, novel CRBN-binding drugs have been developed. However, for the safe handling of thalidomide and its derivatives, a greater understanding of the mechanisms of its adverse effects is required. The teratogenic effects of thalidomide occur in multiple tissues in the developing fetus and vary in phenotype, making it difficult to clarify this issue. Recently, several CRBN neosubstrates (e.g., SALL4 (Spalt Like Transcription Factor 4) and p63 (Tumor Protein P63)) have been identified as candidate mediators of thalidomide teratogenicity. In this review, we describe the current understanding of molecular mechanisms of thalidomide, particularly in the context of its teratogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Takumi Ito
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-9323-3250; Fax: +81-3-9323-3251
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22
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Momtaz S, Memariani Z, El-Senduny FF, Sanadgol N, Golab F, Katebi M, Abdolghaffari AH, Farzaei MH, Abdollahi M. Targeting Ubiquitin-Proteasome Pathway by Natural Products: Novel Therapeutic Strategy for Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Physiol 2020; 11:361. [PMID: 32411012 PMCID: PMC7199656 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Misfolded proteins are the main common feature of neurodegenerative diseases, thereby, normal proteostasis is an important mechanism to regulate the neural survival and the central nervous system functionality. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is a non-lysosomal proteolytic pathway involved in numerous normal functions of the nervous system, modulation of neurotransmitter release, synaptic plasticity, and recycling of membrane receptors or degradation of damaged and regulatory intracellular proteins. Aberrant accumulation of intracellular ubiquitin-positive inclusions has been implicated to a variety of neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington disease (HD), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), and Multiple Myeloma (MM). Genetic mutation in deubiquitinating enzyme could disrupt UPS and results in destructive effects on neuron survival. To date, various agents were characterized with proteasome-inhibitory potential. Proteins of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, and in particular, E3 ubiquitin ligases, may be promising molecular targets for neurodegenerative drug discovery. Phytochemicals, specifically polyphenols (PPs), were reported to act as proteasome-inhibitors or may modulate the proteasome activity. PPs modify the UPS by means of accumulation of ubiquitinated proteins, suppression of neuronal apoptosis, reduction of neurotoxicity, and improvement of synaptic plasticity and transmission. This is the first comprehensive review on the effect of PPs on UPS. Here, we review the recent findings describing various aspects of UPS dysregulation in neurodegenerative disorders. This review attempts to summarize the latest reports on the neuroprotective properties involved in the proper functioning of natural polyphenolic compounds with implication for targeting ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in the neurodegenerative diseases. We highlight the evidence suggesting that polyphenolic compounds have a dose and disorder dependent effects in improving neurological dysfunctions, and so their mechanism of action could stimulate the UPS, induce the protein degradation or inhibit UPS and reduce protein degradation. Future studies should focus on molecular mechanisms by which PPs can interfere this complex regulatory system at specific stages of the disease development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeideh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Gastrointestinal Pharmacology Interest Group, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Memariani
- Traditional Medicine and History of Medical Sciences Research Center, Health Research Center, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | | | - Nima Sanadgol
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Zabol, Zabol, Iran.,Department of Biomolecular Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Fereshteh Golab
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Katebi
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Hormozgan, Iran
| | - Amir Hossein Abdolghaffari
- Medicinal Plants Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR, Karaj, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Gastrointestinal Pharmacology Interest Group, Universal Scientific Education and Research Network, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hosein Farzaei
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.,Medical Biology Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abdollahi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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23
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Yang SJ, Jeon SJ, Van Nguyen T, Deshaies RJ, Park CS, Lee KM. Ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation of AMPK gamma subunit by Cereblon inhibits AMPK activity. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2020; 1867:118729. [PMID: 32333926 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2020.118729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Cereblon (CRBN), a substrate receptor for Cullin-ring E3 ubiquitin ligase (CRL), is a major target protein of immunomodulatory drugs. An earlier study demonstrated that CRBN directly interacts with the catalytic α subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), a master regulator of energy homeostasis, down-regulating the enzymatic activity of AMPK. However, it is not clear how CRBN modulates AMPK activity. To investigate the mechanism of CRBN-dependent AMPK inhibition, we measured protein levels of each AMPK subunit in brains, livers, lungs, hearts, spleens, skeletal muscles, testes, kidneys, and embryonic fibroblasts from wild-type and Crbn-/- mice. Protein levels and stability of the regulatory AMPKγ subunit were increased in Crbn-/- mice. Increased stability of AMPKγ in Crbn-/- MEFs was dramatically reduced by exogenous expression of Crbn. In wild-type MEFs, the proteasomal inhibitor MG132 blocked degradation of AMPKγ. We also found that CRL4CRBN directly ubiquitinated AMPKγ. Taken together, these findings suggest that CRL4CRBN regulates AMPK through ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation of AMPKγ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Joo Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Aging Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Je Jeon
- School of Life Sciences and Aging Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Thang Van Nguyen
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Raymond J Deshaies
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, California Institute of Technology, Box 114-96, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
| | - Chul-Seung Park
- School of Life Sciences and Aging Research Institute, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kwang Min Lee
- Department of Life Science and Environmental Biochemistry, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea.
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24
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Liang L, Li X, Moutton S, Schrier Vergano SA, Cogné B, Saint-Martin A, Hurst ACE, Hu Y, Bodamer O, Thevenon J, Hung CY, Isidor B, Gerard B, Rega A, Nambot S, Lehalle D, Duffourd Y, Thauvin-Robinet C, Faivre L, Bézieau S, Dure LS, Helbling DC, Bick D, Xu C, Chen Q, Mancini GMS, Vitobello A, Wang QK. De novo loss-of-function KCNMA1 variants are associated with a new multiple malformation syndrome and a broad spectrum of developmental and neurological phenotypes. Hum Mol Genet 2020; 28:2937-2951. [PMID: 31152168 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddz117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
KCNMA1 encodes the large-conductance Ca2+- and voltage-activated K+ (BK) potassium channel α-subunit, and pathogenic gain-of-function variants in this gene have been associated with a dominant form of generalized epilepsy and paroxysmal dyskinesia. Here, we genetically and functionally characterize eight novel loss-of-function (LoF) variants of KCNMA1. Genome or exome sequencing and the participation in the international Matchmaker Exchange effort allowed for the identification of novel KCNMA1 variants. Patch clamping was used to assess functionality of mutant BK channels. The KCNMA1 variants p.(Ser351Tyr), p.(Gly356Arg), p.(Gly375Arg), p.(Asn449fs) and p.(Ile663Val) abolished the BK current, whereas p.(Cys413Tyr) and p.(Pro805Leu) reduced the BK current amplitude and shifted the activation curves toward positive potentials. The p.(Asp984Asn) variant reduced the current amplitude without affecting kinetics. A phenotypic analysis of the patients carrying the recurrent p.(Gly375Arg) de novo missense LoF variant revealed a novel syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder associated with severe developmental delay, visceral and cardiac malformations, connective tissue presentations with arterial involvement, bone dysplasia and characteristic dysmorphic features. Patients with other LoF variants presented with neurological and developmental symptoms including developmental delay, intellectual disability, ataxia, axial hypotonia, cerebral atrophy and speech delay/apraxia/dysarthria. Therefore, LoF KCNMA1 variants are associated with a new syndrome characterized by a broad spectrum of neurological phenotypes and developmental disorders. LoF variants of KCNMA1 cause a new syndrome distinctly different from gain-of-function variants in the same gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Liang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research, Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Xia Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research, Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Sébastien Moutton
- Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Hôpital d'Enfants, Dijon 21079, France.,Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, Hôpital d'Enfants, Dijon 21079, France.,Inserm UMR 1231 GAD team, Genetics of Developmental Disorders, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon 21070, France
| | - Samantha A Schrier Vergano
- Medical Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of The King's Daughters, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA
| | - Benjamin Cogné
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU de Nantes, Nantes 44093, France
| | - Anne Saint-Martin
- Neuropédiatrie, Centre de Référence des Epilepsies Rares, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg 67098, France
| | - Anna C E Hurst
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Yushuang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research, Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Olaf Bodamer
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Julien Thevenon
- Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Hôpital d'Enfants, Dijon 21079, France.,Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, Hôpital d'Enfants, Dijon 21079, France.,Inserm UMR 1231 GAD team, Genetics of Developmental Disorders, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon 21070, France
| | - Christina Y Hung
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Bertrand Isidor
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU de Nantes, Nantes 44093, France
| | - Bénédicte Gerard
- Institut de Génétique Médicale d'Alsace, Laboratoires de Diagnostic Génétique, Unité de Génétique Moléculaire, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, Strasbourg 67000, Franc
| | - Adelaide Rega
- Pediatric Radiologist, Département de Radiologie et Imagerie Diagnostique et Thérapeutique, CHU, Dijon 21079, France
| | - Sophie Nambot
- Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Hôpital d'Enfants, Dijon 21079, France.,Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, Hôpital d'Enfants, Dijon 21079, France.,Inserm UMR 1231 GAD team, Genetics of Developmental Disorders, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon 21070, France
| | - Daphné Lehalle
- Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Hôpital d'Enfants, Dijon 21079, France.,Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, Hôpital d'Enfants, Dijon 21079, France.,Inserm UMR 1231 GAD team, Genetics of Developmental Disorders, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon 21070, France
| | - Yannis Duffourd
- Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Hôpital d'Enfants, Dijon 21079, France.,Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, Hôpital d'Enfants, Dijon 21079, France.,Inserm UMR 1231 GAD team, Genetics of Developmental Disorders, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon 21070, France
| | - Christel Thauvin-Robinet
- Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Hôpital d'Enfants, Dijon 21079, France.,Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, Hôpital d'Enfants, Dijon 21079, France.,Inserm UMR 1231 GAD team, Genetics of Developmental Disorders, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon 21070, France
| | - Laurence Faivre
- Centre de Référence Anomalies du Développement et Syndromes Malformatifs, Hôpital d'Enfants, Dijon 21079, France.,Centre de Référence Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares, Hôpital d'Enfants, Dijon 21079, France.,Inserm UMR 1231 GAD team, Genetics of Developmental Disorders, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon 21070, France
| | - Stéphane Bézieau
- Service de Génétique Médicale, CHU de Nantes, Nantes 44093, France
| | - Leon S Dure
- Department of Pediatrics and Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA
| | - Daniel C Helbling
- Clinical Services Laboratory, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
| | - David Bick
- Clinical Services Laboratory, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
| | - Chengqi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research, Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China
| | - Qiuyun Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Grazia M S Mancini
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam 3015, The Netherlands
| | - Antonio Vitobello
- Inserm UMR 1231 GAD team, Genetics of Developmental Disorders, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon 21070, France
| | - Qing Kenneth Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Center for Human Genome Research, Cardio-X Institute, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, P. R. China.,Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.,Department of Genetics and Genome Science, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
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25
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Asatsuma-Okumura T, Ito T, Handa H. Molecular mechanisms of cereblon-based drugs. Pharmacol Ther 2019; 202:132-139. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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26
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Kim MJ, Min Y, Shim JH, Chun E, Lee KY. CRBN Is a Negative Regulator of Bactericidal Activity and Autophagy Activation Through Inhibiting the Ubiquitination of ECSIT and BECN1. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2203. [PMID: 31620128 PMCID: PMC6759600 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cereblon (CRBN) as a multifunctional protein has been extensively studied. Here, we show that CRBN is a negative regulator of bactericidal activity and autophagy activation. Mitochondrial localization of CRBN was significantly increased in response to Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) stimulation. CRBN interrupted the association of evolutionarily conserved signaling intermediate in Toll pathways (ECSIT)-TNF-receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6) complex, thereby inhibiting the ubiquitination of ECSIT, which plays a pivotal role for the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS). Subsequently, mROS levels were markedly elevated in CRBN-knockdown (CRBNKD) THP-1 cells, and that led to resistance against S. typhimurium infection, indicating CRBN is a negative regulator of bactericidal activity through the regulation of mROS. Additionally, CRBN inhibited TRAF6-induced ubiquitination of BECN1 (Beclin 1), and that induced autophagy activation in CRBNKD THP-1, CRBN-knockout (CRBNKO) H1299, and CRBNKO MCF7 cancer cells in response to TLR4 stimulation. Notably, we found that the ability of cancer migration and invasion was significantly enhanced in CRBNKO H1299 and CRBNKO MCF7 cancer cells, as compared with those of control cancer cells. Collectively, these results suggest that CRBN is a negative regulator of bactericidal activity and autophagy activation through inhibiting the TRAF6-induced ubiquitination of ECSIT and BECN1, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Jeong Kim
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Yoon Min
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Jae-Hyuck Shim
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, United States
| | - Eunyoung Chun
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States.,Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ki-Young Lee
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.,Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Medical Center, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, South Korea
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27
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Ando H, Sato T, Ito T, Yamamoto J, Sakamoto S, Nitta N, Asatsuma-Okumura T, Shimizu N, Mizushima R, Aoki I, Imai T, Yamaguchi Y, Berk AJ, Handa H. Cereblon Control of Zebrafish Brain Size by Regulation of Neural Stem Cell Proliferation. iScience 2019; 15:95-108. [PMID: 31055217 PMCID: PMC6501120 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Thalidomide is a teratogen that causes multiple malformations in the developing baby through its interaction with cereblon (CRBN), a substrate receptor subunit of the CRL4 E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. CRBN was originally reported as a gene associated with autosomal recessive non-syndromic mild mental retardation. However, the function of CRBN during brain development remains largely unknown. Here we demonstrate that CRBN promotes brain development by facilitating the proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs). Knockdown of CRBN in zebrafish embryos impaired brain development and led to small brains, as did treatment with thalidomide. By contrast, overexpression of CRBN resulted in enlarged brains, leading to the expansion of NSC regions and increased cell proliferation in the early brain field and an expanded expression of brain region-specific genes and neural and glial marker genes. These results demonstrate that CRBN functions in the determination of brain size by regulating the proliferation of NSCs during development. CRBN is a determinant of head and brain size during zebrafish development Thalidomide causes a reduction in head and brain size by binding to CRBN CRBN prevents apoptosis and promotes NSC proliferation during brain development crbn overexpression results in a concomitant increase in neurons and glial cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Ando
- Department of Nanoparticle Translational Research, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | - Tomomi Sato
- Department of Nanoparticle Translational Research, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | - Takumi Ito
- Department of Nanoparticle Translational Research, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan; PRESTO, JST, 4-1-8, Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012 Japan
| | - Junichi Yamamoto
- Department of Nanoparticle Translational Research, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | - Satoshi Sakamoto
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nitta
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Tomoko Asatsuma-Okumura
- Department of Nanoparticle Translational Research, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Shimizu
- Department of Nanoparticle Translational Research, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | - Ryota Mizushima
- Department of Nanoparticle Translational Research, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan
| | - Ichio Aoki
- National Institute of Radiological Sciences (NIRS), Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Takeshi Imai
- National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology (NCGG), Aichi 474-8511, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamaguchi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Arnold J Berk
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, and Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles 90095, USA
| | - Hiroshi Handa
- Department of Nanoparticle Translational Research, Tokyo Medical University, 6-1-1, Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8402, Japan.
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28
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BK channel blocker paxilline attenuates thalidomide-caused synaptic and cognitive dysfunctions in mice. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17653. [PMID: 30518785 PMCID: PMC6281727 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36367-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Thalidomide is a widely prescribed immunomodulatory drug (iMiD) for multiple myeloma, but causes reversible memory loss in humans. However, how thalidomide causes cognitive dysfunction at a cellular and molecular level has not been demonstrated. We studied the effect of thalidomide on synaptic functions and cognitive behaviors using a mouse model. Thalidomide led to cognitive deficits in learning behavior in a passive avoidance test and in a novel object recognition test, increased anxiety in an elevated plus maze test, and increased depressive behaviors in a tail suspension test. Interestingly, thalidomide elevated big- or large-conductance, calcium-activated K+ (BK) channel expression in the plasma membrane and BK channel activity in the hippocampus. Thalidomide also increased the paired pulse ratio of excitatory postsynaptic current (EPSC), which suggests a decreased probability of glutamate release. Furthermore, the changes in the paired pulse ratio and in BK channel activity were blocked by paxilline, a BK channel blocker. Finally, we found that thalidomide-induced cognitive dysfunctions were restored by paxilline treatment. These results suggest that thalidomide-mediated BK channel hyperfunction is responsible for the pathological mechanism of thalidomide-associated reversible memory loss.
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29
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Cereblon Regulates BK Channel Expression at Presynaptic and Postsynaptic Sites in Excitatory Synapses. J Neurosci 2018; 38:7932-7934. [PMID: 30209203 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1402-18.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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30
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Ko JR, Seo DY, Park SH, Kwak HB, Kim M, Ko KS, Rhee BD, Han J. Aerobic exercise training decreases cereblon and increases AMPK signaling in the skeletal muscle of STZ-induced diabetic rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 501:448-453. [PMID: 29730289 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cereblon (CRBN) has been reported as a negative regulator of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Aerobic exercise training has been shown to increase AMPK, which resulted in glucose regulation in skeletal muscle. However, the expression level of CRBN and its association with the physiological modulation of glucose are still unclear. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (5-week-old, n = 18) were assigned to control, streptozotocin (STZ, 65 mg/kg)-induced diabetic group, and STZ + exercise (STZ + EXE) group with six rats in each group. Rats in the STZ + EXE group exercised by treadmill running (20 m/min, 60 min, 4 times/week) for 8 weeks. Compared with the STZ group, blood glucose was significantly decreased in the STZ + EXE group. The skeletal muscle of rats in the STZ + EXE group showed a significant decrease in CRBN levels and an increase in AMPK, protein kinase B, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha, fibronectin type III domain-containing protein 5, glucose transporter type 4, superoxide dismutase 1, and uncoupling protein 3 levels. These results suggest that CRBN is a potential regulator of glucose homeostasis in the skeletal muscle. Moreover, our results suggest that aerobic exercise training may provide an important physiological treatment for type 1 diabetes by decreasing CRBN and increasing AMPK signaling in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Rim Ko
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Yun Seo
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hwan Park
- Department of Physical Education, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Bum Kwak
- Department of Kinesiology, Inha University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kim
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Ko
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Doo Rhee
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Han
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK21 Plus Project Team, College of Medicine, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, Inje University, Busan, Republic of Korea.
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Abstract
Mutations in the cereblon (CRBN) gene cause human intellectual disability, one of the most common cognitive disorders. However, the molecular mechanisms of CRBN-related intellectual disability remain poorly understood. We investigated the role of CRBN in synaptic function and animal behavior using male mouse and Drosophila models. Crbn knock-out (KO) mice showed normal brain and spine morphology as well as intact synaptic plasticity; however, they also exhibited decreases in synaptic transmission and presynaptic release probability exclusively in excitatory synapses. Presynaptic function was impaired not only by loss of CRBN expression, but also by expression of pathogenic CRBN mutants (human R419X mutant and Drosophila G552X mutant). We found that the BK channel blockers paxilline and iberiotoxin reversed this decrease in presynaptic release probability in Crbn KO mice. In addition, paxilline treatment also restored normal cognitive behavior in Crbn KO mice. These results strongly suggest that increased BK channel activity is the pathological mechanism of intellectual disability in CRBN mutations.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENTCereblon (CRBN), a well known target of the immunomodulatory drug thalidomide, was originally identified as a gene that causes human intellectual disability when mutated. However, the molecular mechanisms of CRBN-related intellectual disability remain poorly understood. Based on the idea that synaptic abnormalities are the most common factor in cognitive dysfunction, we monitored the synaptic structure and function of Crbn knock-out (KO) animals to identify the molecular mechanisms of intellectual disability. Here, we found that Crbn KO animals showed cognitive deficits caused by enhanced BK channel activity and reduced presynaptic glutamate release. Our findings suggest a physiological pathomechanism of the intellectual disability-related gene CRBN and will contribute to the development of therapeutic strategies for CRBN-related intellectual disability.
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Molcho L, Ben-Zur T, Barhum Y, Offen D. DJ-1 based peptide, ND-13, promote functional recovery in mouse model of focal ischemic injury. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0192954. [PMID: 29489843 PMCID: PMC5831040 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0192954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroke is a leading cause of death worldwide and inflicts serious long-term damage and disability. The vasoconstrictor Endothelin-1, presenting long-term neurological deficits associated with excitotoxicity and oxidative stress is being increasingly used to induce focal ischemic injury as a model of stroke. A DJ-1 based peptide named ND-13 was shown to protect against glutamate toxicity, neurotoxic insults and oxidative stress in various animal models. Here we focus on the benefits of treatment with ND-13 on the functional outcome of focal ischemic injury. Wild type C57BL/6 mice treated with ND-13, after ischemic induction in this model, showed significant improvement in motor function, including improved body balance and motor coordination, and decreased motor asymmetry. We found that DJ-1 knockout mice are more sensitive to Endothelin-1 ischemic insult than wild type mice, contributing thereby additional evidence to the widely reported relevance of DJ-1 in neuroprotection. Furthermore, treatment of DJ-1 knockout mice with ND-13, following Endothelin-1 induced ischemia, resulted in significant improvement in motor functions, suggesting that ND-13 provides compensation for DJ-1 deficits. These preliminary results demonstrate a possible basis for clinical application of the ND-13 peptide to enhance neuroprotection in stroke patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lior Molcho
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Tali Ben-Zur
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Barhum
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Daniel Offen
- Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Laboratory of Neuroscience, Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- * E-mail:
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Gil M, Kim YK, Kim HY, Pak HK, Park CS, Lee KJ. Cereblon deficiency confers resistance against polymicrobial sepsis by the activation of AMP activated protein kinase and heme-oxygenase-1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 495:976-981. [PMID: 29170136 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.11.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Cereblon (CRBN) has a pleiotropic role in important cellular processes and is a potential therapeutic target in several diseases, including mental retardation, cancer, and metabolic disorders. The role of CRBN in polymicrobial sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) was investigated using CRBN-deficient (KO) mice. Survival following CLP was significantly higher in KO mice compared to wild-type (WT) controls (50% vs 0% at day 6 after CLP). The improved survival of KO mice was accompanied by reduced peripheral blood bacterial load and lung injury. Serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) concentrations were significantly lower in KO mice than in WT mice. Peritoneal macrophages from KO mice with CLP-induced septic mouse had higher levels of activation of AMPK and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Forced expression of CRBN in macrophage of KO mice suppressed activation of 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and HO-1 and augmented expression of TNF-α and HMGB1 as inhibition of AMPK by compound C. These studies demonstrate the contribution of CRBN expression to the pathogenesis of CLP-induced sepsis and peritoneal macrophage responses and suggest a novel therapeutic modality for polymicrobial sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minchan Gil
- Nano-Bio Resources Center, Department of Cosmetic Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Kyu Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Yeong Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo-Kyung Pak
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan-Sik Park
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung Jin Lee
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Schormair B, Zhao C, Bell S, Tilch E, Salminen AV, Pütz B, Dauvilliers Y, Stefani A, Högl B, Poewe W, Kemlink D, Sonka K, Bachmann CG, Paulus W, Trenkwalder C, Oertel WH, Hornyak M, Teder-Laving M, Metspalu A, Hadjigeorgiou GM, Polo O, Fietze I, Ross OA, Wszolek Z, Butterworth AS, Soranzo N, Ouwehand WH, Roberts DJ, Danesh J, Allen RP, Earley CJ, Ondo WG, Xiong L, Montplaisir J, Gan-Or Z, Perola M, Vodicka P, Dina C, Franke A, Tittmann L, Stewart AFR, Shah SH, Gieger C, Peters A, Rouleau GA, Berger K, Oexle K, Di Angelantonio E, Hinds DA, Müller-Myhsok B, Winkelmann J. Identification of novel risk loci for restless legs syndrome in genome-wide association studies in individuals of European ancestry: a meta-analysis. Lancet Neurol 2017; 16:898-907. [PMID: 29029846 PMCID: PMC5755468 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(17)30327-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Restless legs syndrome is a prevalent chronic neurological disorder with potentially severe mental and physical health consequences. Clearer understanding of the underlying pathophysiology is needed to improve treatment options. We did a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) to identify potential molecular targets. METHODS In the discovery stage, we combined three GWAS datasets (EU-RLS GENE, INTERVAL, and 23andMe) with diagnosis data collected from 2003 to 2017, in face-to-face interviews or via questionnaires, and involving 15 126 cases and 95 725 controls of European ancestry. We identified common variants by fixed-effect inverse-variance meta-analysis. Significant genome-wide signals (p≤5 × 10-8) were tested for replication in an independent GWAS of 30 770 cases and 286 913 controls, followed by a joint analysis of the discovery and replication stages. We did gene annotation, pathway, and gene-set-enrichment analyses and studied the genetic correlations between restless legs syndrome and traits of interest. FINDINGS We identified and replicated 13 new risk loci for restless legs syndrome and confirmed the previously identified six risk loci. MEIS1 was confirmed as the strongest genetic risk factor for restless legs syndrome (odds ratio 1·92, 95% CI 1·85-1·99). Gene prioritisation, enrichment, and genetic correlation analyses showed that identified pathways were related to neurodevelopment and highlighted genes linked to axon guidance (associated with SEMA6D), synapse formation (NTNG1), and neuronal specification (HOXB cluster family and MYT1). INTERPRETATION Identification of new candidate genes and associated pathways will inform future functional research. Advances in understanding of the molecular mechanisms that underlie restless legs syndrome could lead to new treatment options. We focused on common variants; thus, additional studies are needed to dissect the roles of rare and structural variations. FUNDING Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Helmholtz Zentrum München-Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt, National Research Institutions, NHS Blood and Transplant, National Institute for Health Research, British Heart Foundation, European Commission, European Research Council, National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, and UK Medical Research Council.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Schormair
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Chen Zhao
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Steven Bell
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Unit in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK
| | - Erik Tilch
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Aaro V Salminen
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Benno Pütz
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany
| | - Yves Dauvilliers
- Sleep-Wake Disorders Centre, Department of Neurology, Hôpital Gui-de-Chauliac, INSERM U1061, CHU Montpellier, France
| | - Ambra Stefani
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Birgit Högl
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Werner Poewe
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - David Kemlink
- Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Karel Sonka
- Department of Neurology and Centre of Clinical Neuroscience, First Faculty of Medicine and General University Hospital in Prague, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Walter Paulus
- Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Medical Centre, Georg August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Claudia Trenkwalder
- Clinic for Neurosurgery, University Medical Centre, Georg August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany; Paracelsus-Elena Hospital, Centre of Parkinsonism and Movement Disorders, Kassel, Germany
| | - Wolfgang H Oertel
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Department of Neurology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | - Magdolna Hornyak
- Department of Neurology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany; Neuropsychiatry Centre Erding/München, Erding, Germany
| | - Maris Teder-Laving
- Estonian Genome Centre, University of Tartu and Estonian Biocentre, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Centre, University of Tartu and Estonian Biocentre, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Georgios M Hadjigeorgiou
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece
| | - Olli Polo
- Unesta Research Centre, Tampere, Finland; Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Ingo Fietze
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Centre of Sleep Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Adam S Butterworth
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Unit in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Unit in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK; Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Willem H Ouwehand
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Unit in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK; NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK; Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - David J Roberts
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Department of Medicine, BRC Haematology Theme and NHS Blood and Transplant, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headington, Oxford, UK; Department of Haematology and BRC Haematology Theme, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - John Danesh
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Unit in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK; Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Richard P Allen
- Center for Restless Legs Study, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Christopher J Earley
- Center for Restless Legs Study, Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - William G Ondo
- Department of Neurology, Methodist Neurological Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Lan Xiong
- Laboratoire de Neurogénétique, Centre de Recherche, Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Département de Psychiatrie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jacques Montplaisir
- Département de Psychiatrie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, 67120, Center for Advanced Research in Sleep Medicine, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Ziv Gan-Or
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Markus Perola
- Department of Health, National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland; Institute of Molecular Medicine FIMM, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Pavel Vodicka
- Department of Molecular Biology of Cancer, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Academy of Science of Czech Republic, Prague, Czech Republic; Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University in Prague, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Christian Dina
- Inserm UMR1087, CNRS UMR 6291, Institut du Thorax, Nantes, France; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Nantes, Université de Nantes, France
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lukas Tittmann
- PopGen Biobank and Institute of Epidemiology, Christian Albrechts University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Alexandre F R Stewart
- John and Jennifer Ruddy Canadian Cardiovascular Genetics Centre, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Svati H Shah
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Christian Gieger
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Epidemiology II, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; German Centre for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany; German Centre for Cardiovascular Disease Research (DZHK), Berlin, Germany
| | - Guy A Rouleau
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada; Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Klaus Berger
- Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Konrad Oexle
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Emanuele Di Angelantonio
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Unit in Donor Health and Genomics at the University of Cambridge, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Strangeways Research Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge, UK; National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, Cambridge, UK; British Heart Foundation Centre of Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Bertram Müller-Myhsok
- Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany; Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Institute of Neurogenomics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Centre for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany; Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany; Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany.
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Zhao S, Guan G, Liu J, Liu A, Li Y, Yin H, Luo J. Screening and identification of host proteins interacting with Theileria annulata cysteine proteinase (TaCP) by yeast-two-hybrid system. Parasit Vectors 2017; 10:536. [PMID: 29084576 PMCID: PMC5661931 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-017-2421-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Theileria annulata can infect monocytes/macrophages and B lymphocytes and causes severe lymphoproliferative disease in ruminants. Meanwhile, infection by T. annulata leads to the permanent proliferation of cell population through regulating signaling pathways of host cells. Cysteine proteinases (CPs) are one kind of protein hydrolase and usually play critical roles in parasite virulence, host invasion, nutrition and host immune response. However, the biological function of T. annulata CP (TaCP) is still unclear. In this study, a yeast-two-hybrid assay was performed to screen host proteins interacting with TaCP, to provide information to help our understanding of the molecular mechanisms between T. annulata and host cells. METHODS The cDNA from purified bovine B cells was inserted into pGADT7-SfiI vector (pGADT7-SfiI-BcDNA, Prey plasmid) for constructing the yeast two-hybrid cDNA library. TaCP was cloned into the pGBKT7 vector (pGBKT7-TaCP) and was considered as bait plasmid after evaluating the expression, auto-activation and toxicity tests in the yeast strain Y2HGold. The yeast two-hybrid screening was carried out via co-transforming bait and prey plasmids into yeast strain Y2HGold. Sequences of positive preys were analyzed using BLAST, Gene Ontology, UniProt and STRING. RESULTS Two host proteins, CRBN (Bos taurus cereblon transcript variant X2) and Ppp4C (Bos indicus protein phosphatase 4 catalytic subunit) were identified to interact with TaCP. The results of functional analysis showed that the two proteins were involved in many cellular processes, such as ubiquitylation regulation, microtubule organization, DNA repair, cell apoptosis and maturation of spliceosomal snRNPs. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to screen the host proteins of bovine B cells interacting with TaCP, and 2 proteins, CRBN and Ppp4C, were identified using yeast two-hybrid technique. The results of functional analysis suggest that the two proteins are involved in many cellular processes, such as ubiquitylation regulating, microtubule organization, DNA repair, cell apoptosis and maturation of spliceosomal snRNPs. The interaction with CRBN and Ppp4C indicate that TaCP possibly is involved in regulating signaling pathways and cell proliferation, which is helpful for understanding the interaction between T. annulata and host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaiyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046 People’s Republic of China
| | - Guiquan Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046 People’s Republic of China
| | - Junlong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046 People’s Republic of China
| | - Aihong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046 People’s Republic of China
| | - Youquan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046 People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046 People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, 225009 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianxun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xujiaping 1, Lanzhou, Gansu 730046 People’s Republic of China
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Mouse Monoclonal Antibodies Generated from Full Length Human Cereblon: Detection of Cereblon Protein in Patients with Multiple Myeloma. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18091999. [PMID: 28926977 PMCID: PMC5618648 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18091999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) are profoundly active compounds in the treatment of patients with multiple myeloma (MM). However, despite the fact that treatment with IMiDs has dramatically improved survival for patients with MM, the majority of MM patients develop IMiDs resistance over time. We have found that expression of functional cereblon is required for IMiDs' action. In addition, it has been reported that cells expressing high levels of cereblon are resistant to proteasome inhibitor, implying that patients with high levels of cereblon should be resistant to proteasome inhibitor. If the above conclusions are correct, cereblon could be considered as a biomarker to determine which standard regimens should be used to treat patients with MM. Unfortunately, the conclusions mentioned above have not been clinically confirmed. In order to confirm these conclusions, we have generated three highly specific mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against full-length human cereblon. These mAbs can be used to do western blot, immunoprecipitation and immunohistochemistry staining. In addition, their epitopes have been precisely determined and the peptides covering their epitopes completely blocked the antibody binding to cereblon in western blot analysis or in immunohistochemistry staining of MM patients' specimens.
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Cereblon: A Protein Crucial to the Multiple Functions of Immunomodulatory Drugs as well as Cell Metabolism and Disease Generation. J Immunol Res 2017; 2017:9130608. [PMID: 28894755 PMCID: PMC5574216 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9130608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 07/02/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well known that cereblon is a key protein in autosomal recessive nonsyndromic mental retardation. Studies have reported that it has an intermediary role in helping immunomodulatory drugs perform their immunomodulatory and tumoricidal effects. In addition, cereblon also regulates the expression, assembly, and activities of other special proteins related to cell proliferation and metabolism, resulting in the occurrence and development of metabolic diseases. This review details the multiple functions of cereblon and the underlying mechanisms. We also put forward some unsolved problems, including the intrinsic mechanism of cereblon function and the possible regulatory mechanisms of its expression.
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Khan MA, Khan S, Windpassinger C, Badar M, Nawaz Z, Mohammad RM. The Molecular Genetics of Autosomal Recessive Nonsyndromic Intellectual Disability: a Mutational Continuum and Future Recommendations. Ann Hum Genet 2017; 80:342-368. [PMID: 27870114 DOI: 10.1111/ahg.12176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Intellectual disability (ID) is a clinical manifestation of the central nervous system without any major dysmorphologies of the brain. Biologically it affects learning capabilities, memory, and cognitive functioning. The basic defining features of ID are characterized by IQ<70, age of onset before 18 years, and impairment of at least two of the adaptive skills. Clinically it is classified in a syndromic (with additional abnormalities) and a nonsyndromic form (with only cognitive impairment). The study of nonsyndromic intellectual disability (NSID) can best explain the pathophysiology of cognition, intelligence and memory. Genetic analysis in autosomal recessive nonsyndrmic ID (ARNSID) has mapped 51 disease loci, 34 of which have revealed their defective genes. These genes play diverse physiological roles in various molecular processes, including methylation, proteolysis, glycosylation, signal transduction, transcription regulation, lipid metabolism, ion homeostasis, tRNA modification, ubiquitination and neuromorphogenesis. High-density SNP array and whole exome sequencing has increased the pace of gene discoveries and many new mutations are being published every month. The lack of uniform criteria has assigned multiple identifiers (or accession numbers) to the same MRT locus (e.g. MRT7 and MRT22). Here in this review we describe the molecular genetics of ARNSID, prioritize the candidate genes in uncharacterized loci, and propose a new nomenclature to reorganize the mutation data that will avoid the confusion of assigning duplicate accession numbers to the same ID locus and to make the data manageable in the future as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muzammil Ahmad Khan
- Genomic Core Facility, Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar.,Gomal Centre of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, D.I.Khan, 29050 KPK, Pakistan
| | - Saadullah Khan
- Genomic Core Facility, Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar.,Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat, KPK, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Badar
- Gomal Centre of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Gomal University, D.I.Khan, 29050 KPK, Pakistan
| | - Zafar Nawaz
- Genomic Core Facility, Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar
| | - Ramzi M Mohammad
- Genomic Core Facility, Translational Research Institute, Academic Health System, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, 3050, Qatar
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Genetic Defects Underlie the Non-syndromic Autosomal Recessive Intellectual Disability (NS-ARID). Open Life Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/biol-2017-0020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractIntellectual disability (ID) is a neurodevelopmental disorder which appears frequently as the result of genetic mutations and may be syndromic (S-ID) or non-syndromic (NS-ID). ID causes an important economic burden, for patient's family, health systems, and society. Identifying genes that cause S-ID can easily be evaluated due to the clinical symptoms or physical anomalies. However, in the case of NS-ID due to the absence of co-morbid features, the latest molecular genetic techniques can be used to understand the genetic defects that underlie it. Recent studies have shown that non-syndromic autosomal recessive (NS-ARID) is extremely heterogeneous and contributes much more than X-linked ID. However, very little is known about the genes and loci involved in NS-ARID relative to X-linked ID, and whose complete genetic etiology remains obscure. In this review article, the known genetic etiology of NS-ARID and possible relationships between genes and the associated molecular pathways of their encoded proteins has been reviewed which will enhance our understanding about the underlying genes and mechanisms in NS-ARID.
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Sheereen A, Alaamery M, Bawazeer S, Al Yafee Y, Massadeh S, Eyaid W. A missense mutation in the CRBN gene that segregates with intellectual disability and self-mutilating behaviour in a consanguineous Saudi family. J Med Genet 2017; 54:236-240. [PMID: 28143899 PMCID: PMC5502306 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2016-104117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Background Autosomal-recessive non-syndromic intellectual disability (ARNS-ID) is an aetiologically heterogeneous disorder. Although little is known about the function of human cereblon (CRBN), its relationship to mild cognitive deficits suggests that it is involved in the basic processes of human memory and learning. Objectives We aim to identify the genetic cause of intellectual disability and self-mutilation in a consanguineous Saudi family with five affected members. Methods Clinical whole-exome sequencing was performed on the proband patient, and Sanger sequencing was done to validate and confirm segregation in other family members. Results A missense variant (c. 1171T>C) in the CRBN gene was identified in five individuals with severe intellectual disability (ID) in a consanguineous Saudi family. The homozygous variant was co-segregating in the family with the phenotype of severe ID, seizures and self-mutilating behaviour. The missense mutation (p.C391R) reported here results in the replacement of a conserved cysteine residue by an arginine in the CULT (cereblon domain of unknown activity, binding cellular ligands and thalidomide) domain of CRBN, which contains a zinc-binding site. Conclusions These findings thus contribute to a growing list of ID disorders caused by CRBN mutations, broaden the spectrum of phenotypes attributable to ARNS-ID and provide new insight into genotype–phenotype correlations between CRBN mutations and the aetiology of ARNS-ID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atia Sheereen
- Developmental Medicine Department/King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC)/Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC)/King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal Alaamery
- Developmental Medicine Department/King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC)/Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC)/King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shahad Bawazeer
- Developmental Medicine Department/King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC)/Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC)/King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yusra Al Yafee
- Developmental Medicine Department/King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC)/Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC)/King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Salam Massadeh
- Developmental Medicine Department/King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC)/Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs (MNG-HA), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC)/King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wafaa Eyaid
- Department of Pediatrics, King Abdulaziz Medical City (KAMC)/Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (MNG-HA), King Abdullah International Medical Research Center (KAIMRC)/King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh , Saudi Arabia
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Wakabayashi S, Sawamura N, Voelzmann A, Broemer M, Asahi T, Hoch M. Ohgata, the Single Drosophila Ortholog of Human Cereblon, Regulates Insulin Signaling-dependent Organismic Growth. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:25120-25132. [PMID: 27702999 PMCID: PMC5122779 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.757823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Cereblon (CRBN) is a substrate receptor of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that is highly conserved in animals and plants. CRBN proteins have been implicated in various biological processes such as development, metabolism, learning, and memory formation, and their impairment has been linked to autosomal recessive non-syndromic intellectual disability and cancer. Furthermore, human CRBN was identified as the primary target of thalidomide teratogenicity. Data on functional analysis of CRBN family members in vivo, however, are still scarce. Here we identify Ohgata (OHGT), the Drosophila ortholog of CRBN, as a regulator of insulin signaling-mediated growth. Using ohgt mutants that we generated by targeted mutagenesis, we show that its loss results in increased body weight and organ size without changes of the body proportions. We demonstrate that ohgt knockdown in the fat body, an organ analogous to mammalian liver and adipose tissue, phenocopies the growth phenotypes. We further show that overgrowth is due to an elevation of insulin signaling in ohgt mutants and to the down-regulation of inhibitory cofactors of circulating Drosophila insulin-like peptides (DILPs), named acid-labile subunit and imaginal morphogenesis protein-late 2. The two inhibitory proteins were previously shown to be components of a heterotrimeric complex with growth-promoting DILP2 and DILP5. Our study reveals OHGT as a novel regulator of insulin-dependent organismic growth in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Wakabayashi
- From the Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, TWIns, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan
| | - Naoya Sawamura
- From the Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, TWIns, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan,
- the Research Organization for Nano-life Innovation, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
| | - André Voelzmann
- the Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Michael Smith Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, United Kingdom
| | - Meike Broemer
- the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), c/o Life and Medical Sciences (LIMES) Institute, Carl-Troll-Strasse 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany, and
| | - Toru Asahi
- From the Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, TWIns, 2-2 Wakamatsu, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan,
- the Research Organization for Nano-life Innovation, Waseda University, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-0041, Japan
| | - Michael Hoch
- Program Unit Development, Genetics and Molecular Physiology, Laboratory for Molecular Developmental Biology, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Carl-Troll-Strasse 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany
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Glutamine Triggers Acetylation-Dependent Degradation of Glutamine Synthetase via the Thalidomide Receptor Cereblon. Mol Cell 2016; 61:809-20. [PMID: 26990986 PMCID: PMC4889030 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2016.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cereblon (CRBN), a substrate receptor for the cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase 4 (CRL4) complex, is a direct protein target for thalidomide teratogenicity and antitumor activity of immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs). Here we report that glutamine synthetase (GS) is an endogenous substrate of CRL4(CRBN). Upon exposing cells to high glutamine concentration, GS is acetylated at lysines 11 and 14, yielding a degron that is necessary and sufficient for binding and ubiquitylation by CRL4(CRBN) and degradation by the proteasome. Binding of acetylated degron peptides to CRBN depends on an intact thalidomide-binding pocket but is not competitive with IMiDs. These findings reveal a feedback loop involving CRL4(CRBN) that adjusts GS protein levels in response to glutamine and uncover a new function for lysine acetylation.
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Min Y, Wi SM, Kang JA, Yang T, Park CS, Park SG, Chung S, Shim JH, Chun E, Lee KY. Cereblon negatively regulates TLR4 signaling through the attenuation of ubiquitination of TRAF6. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2313. [PMID: 27468689 PMCID: PMC4973362 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2016.226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2016] [Revised: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cereblon (CRBN) is a substrate receptor protein for the CRL4A E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. In this study, we report on a new regulatory role of CRBN in TLR4 signaling. CRBN overexpression leads to suppression of NF-κB activation and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-6 and IL-1β in response to TLR4 stimulation. Biochemical studies revealed interactions between CRBN and TAK1, and TRAF6 proteins. The interaction between CRBN and TAK1 did not affect the association of the TAB1 and TAB2 proteins, which have pivotal roles in the activation of TAK1, whereas the CRBN-TRAF6 interaction critically affected ubiquitination of TRAF6 and TAB2. Binding mapping results revealed that CRBN interacts with the Zinc finger domain of TRAF6, which contains the ubiquitination site of TRAF6, leading to attenuation of ubiquitination of TRAF6 and TAB2. Functional studies revealed that CRBN-knockdown THP-1 cells show enhanced NF-κB activation and p65- or p50-DNA binding activities, leading to up-regulation of NF-κB-dependent gene expression and increased pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in response to TLR4 stimulation. Furthermore, Crbn−/− mice exhibit decreased survival in response to LPS challenge, accompanied with marked enhancement of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α and IL-6. Taken together, our data demonstrate that CRBN negatively regulates TLR4 signaling via attenuation of TRAF6 and TAB2 ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Min
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 300, Cheoncheon-dong, Jangan-Gu, Suwon 440-746, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sae Mi Wi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 300, Cheoncheon-dong, Jangan-Gu, Suwon 440-746, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Ah Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Taewoo Yang
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul-Seung Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Gyoo Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 500-712, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungkwon Chung
- Department of Physiology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hyuck Shim
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Eunyoung Chun
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ki-Young Lee
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 300, Cheoncheon-dong, Jangan-Gu, Suwon 440-746, Gyeonggi-Do, Republic of Korea
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Epigenetic regulation of Kcna3-encoding Kv1.3 potassium channel by cereblon contributes to regulation of CD4+ T-cell activation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:8771-6. [PMID: 27439875 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1502166113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of cereblon (CRBN) in T cells is not well understood. We generated mice with a deletion in Crbn and found cereblon to be an important antagonist of T-cell activation. In mice lacking CRBN, CD4(+) T cells show increased activation and IL-2 production on T-cell receptor stimulation, ultimately resulting in increased potassium flux and calcium-mediated signaling. CRBN restricts T-cell activation via epigenetic modification of Kcna3, which encodes the Kv1.3 potassium channel required for robust calcium influx in T cells. CRBN binds directly to conserved DNA elements adjacent to Kcna3 via a previously uncharacterized DNA-binding motif. Consequently, in the absence of CRBN, the expression of Kv1.3 is derepressed, resulting in increased Kv1.3 expression, potassium flux, and CD4(+) T-cell hyperactivation. In addition, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in T-cell-specific Crbn-deficient mice was exacerbated by increased T-cell activation via Kv1.3. Thus, CRBN limits CD4(+) T-cell activation via epigenetic regulation of Kv1.3 expression.
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Mitochondrial cereblon functions as a Lon-type protease. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29986. [PMID: 27417535 PMCID: PMC4945938 DOI: 10.1038/srep29986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lon protease plays a major role in the protein quality control system in mammalian cell mitochondria. It is present in the mitochondrial matrix, and degrades oxidized and misfolded proteins, thereby protecting the cell from various extracellular stresses, including oxidative stress. The intellectual disability-associated and thalidomide-binding protein cereblon (CRBN) contains a large, highly conserved Lon domain. However, whether CRBN has Lon protease-like function remains unknown. Here, we determined if CRBN has a protective function against oxidative stress, similar to Lon protease. We report that CRBN partially distributes in mitochondria, suggesting it has a mitochondrial function. To specify the mitochondrial role of CRBN, we mitochondrially expressed CRBN in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells. The resulting stable SH-SY5Y cell line showed no apparent effect on the mitochondrial functions of fusion, fission, and membrane potential. However, mitochondrially expressed CRBN exhibited protease activity, and was induced by oxidative stress. In addition, stably expressed cells exhibited suppressed neuronal cell death induced by hydrogen peroxide. These results suggest that CRBN functions specifically as a Lon-type protease in mitochondria.
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Wang JY, Huang YN, Chiu CC, Tweedie D, Luo W, Pick CG, Chou SY, Luo Y, Hoffer BJ, Greig NH, Wang JY. Pomalidomide mitigates neuronal loss, neuroinflammation, and behavioral impairments induced by traumatic brain injury in rat. J Neuroinflammation 2016; 13:168. [PMID: 27353053 PMCID: PMC4924242 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-016-0631-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global health concern that typically causes emotional disturbances and cognitive dysfunction. Secondary pathologies following TBI may be associated with chronic neurodegenerative disorders and an enhanced likelihood of developing dementia-like disease in later life. There are currently no approved drugs for mitigating the acute or chronic effects of TBI. METHODS The effects of the drug pomalidomide (Pom), an FDA-approved immunomodulatory agent, were evaluated in a rat model of moderate to severe TBI induced by controlled cortical impact. Post-TBI intravenous administration of Pom (0.5 mg/kg at 5 or 7 h and 0.1 mg/kg at 5 h) was evaluated on functional and histological measures that included motor function, fine more coordination, somatosensory function, lesion volume, cortical neurodegeneration, neuronal apoptosis, and the induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6). RESULTS Pom 0.5 mg/kg administration at 5 h, but not at 7 h post-TBI, significantly mitigated the TBI-induced injury volume and functional impairments, neurodegeneration, neuronal apoptosis, and cytokine mRNA and protein induction. To evaluate underlying mechanisms, the actions of Pom on neuronal survival, microglial activation, and the induction of TNF-α were assessed in mixed cortical cultures following a glutamate challenge. Pom dose-dependently ameliorated glutamate-mediated cytotoxic effects on cell viability and reduced microglial cell activation, significantly attenuating the induction of TNF-α. CONCLUSIONS Post-injury treatment with a single Pom dose within 5 h significantly reduced functional impairments in a well-characterized animal model of TBI. Pom decreased the injury lesion volume, augmented neuronal survival, and provided anti-inflammatory properties. These findings strongly support the further evaluation and optimization of Pom for potential use in clinical TBI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ya Wang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei, 110 Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ni Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei, 110 Taiwan
- Department of Nursing, Hsin Sheng Junior College of Medical Care and Management, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chong-Chi Chiu
- Department of General Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan and Liouying, Taiwan
| | - David Tweedie
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Weiming Luo
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Chaim G. Pick
- Department of Anatomy and Anthropology, Sackler School of Medicine and Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Szu-Yi Chou
- Graduate Program on Neuroregeneration, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH USA
| | - Barry J. Hoffer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH USA
| | - Nigel H. Greig
- Drug Design & Development Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, USA
| | - Jia-Yi Wang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei, 110 Taiwan
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing St., Taipei, 110 Taiwan
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Kim HK, Ko TH, Nyamaa B, Lee SR, Kim N, Ko KS, Rhee BD, Park CS, Nilius B, Han J. Cereblon in health and disease. Pflugers Arch 2016; 468:1299-309. [PMID: 27343012 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-016-1854-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cereblon (CRBN) is a substrate receptor of the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that has been linked to autosomal recessive non-syndromic mental retardation. Several key findings suggest diverse roles of CRBN, including its regulation of the large-conductance calcium- and voltage-activated potassium (BKCa) channels, regulation of thalidomide-binding proteins, and mediation of lenalidomide treatment in multiple myeloma. Recent studies also indicate that CRBN is involved in energy metabolism and negatively regulates AMP-activated protein kinase signaling. Mice with genetic depletion of CRBN are resistant to various stress conditions including a high-fat diet, endoplasmic reticulum stress, ischemia/reperfusion injury, and alcohol-related liver damage. In this review, we discuss the various roles of CRBN in human health and disease and suggest avenues for further research to enhance our basic knowledge and clinical application of CRBN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyoung Kyu Kim
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK21 plus Project Team, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, College of Medicine, Inje University, Bokji-ro 75, Busanjin-gu, Busan, 47392, South Korea.,Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Tae Hee Ko
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK21 plus Project Team, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, College of Medicine, Inje University, Bokji-ro 75, Busanjin-gu, Busan, 47392, South Korea
| | - Bayalagmaa Nyamaa
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK21 plus Project Team, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, College of Medicine, Inje University, Bokji-ro 75, Busanjin-gu, Busan, 47392, South Korea
| | - Sung Ryul Lee
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK21 plus Project Team, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, College of Medicine, Inje University, Bokji-ro 75, Busanjin-gu, Busan, 47392, South Korea.,Department of Integrated Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan, South Korea
| | - Nari Kim
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK21 plus Project Team, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, College of Medicine, Inje University, Bokji-ro 75, Busanjin-gu, Busan, 47392, South Korea
| | - Kyung Soo Ko
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK21 plus Project Team, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, College of Medicine, Inje University, Bokji-ro 75, Busanjin-gu, Busan, 47392, South Korea
| | - Byoung Doo Rhee
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK21 plus Project Team, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, College of Medicine, Inje University, Bokji-ro 75, Busanjin-gu, Busan, 47392, South Korea
| | - Chul-Seung Park
- School of Life Sciences and National Leading Research Laboratory for Ion Channels, Gwangju Institute Science and Technology, Gwangju, 500-712, South Korea
| | - Bernd Nilius
- Laboratory of Ion Channel Research, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jin Han
- National Research Laboratory for Mitochondrial Signaling, Department of Physiology, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, BK21 plus Project Team, Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease Center, College of Medicine, Inje University, Bokji-ro 75, Busanjin-gu, Busan, 47392, South Korea.
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Immunomodulatory drugs disrupt the cereblon–CD147–MCT1 axis to exert antitumor activity and teratogenicity. Nat Med 2016; 22:735-43. [DOI: 10.1038/nm.4128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Abstract
Large conductance Ca(2+)- and voltage-activated K(+) (BK) channels are widely distributed in the postnatal central nervous system (CNS). BK channels play a pleiotropic role in regulating the activity of brain and spinal cord neural circuits by providing a negative feedback mechanism for local increases in intracellular Ca(2+) concentrations. In neurons, they regulate the timing and duration of K(+) influx such that they can either increase or decrease firing depending on the cellular context, and they can suppress neurotransmitter release from presynaptic terminals. In addition, BK channels located in astrocytes and arterial myocytes modulate cerebral blood flow. Not surprisingly, both loss and gain of BK channel function have been associated with CNS disorders such as epilepsy, ataxia, mental retardation, and chronic pain. On the other hand, the neuroprotective role played by BK channels in a number of pathological situations could potentially be leveraged to correct neurological dysfunction.
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Xu Q, Hou YX, Langlais P, Erickson P, Zhu J, Shi CX, Luo M, Zhu Y, Xu Y, Mandarino LJ, Stewart K, Chang XB. Expression of the cereblon binding protein argonaute 2 plays an important role for multiple myeloma cell growth and survival. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:297. [PMID: 27142104 PMCID: PMC4855823 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2331-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs), such as lenalidomide, are therapeutically active compounds that bind and modulate the E3 ubiquitin ligase substrate recruiter cereblon, thereby affect steady-state levels of cereblon and cereblon binding partners, such as ikaros and aiolos, and induce many cellular responses, including cytotoxicity to multiple myeloma (MM) cells. Nevertheless, it takes many days for MM cells to die after IMiD induced depletion of ikaros and aiolos and thus we searched for other cereblon binding partners that participate in IMiD cytotoxicity. METHODS Cereblon binding partners were identified from a MM cell line expressing histidine-tagged cereblon by pulling down cereblon and its binding partners and verified by co-immunoprecipitation. IMiD effects were determined by western blot analysis, cell viability assay, microRNA array and apoptosis analysis. RESULTS We identified argonaute 2 (AGO2) as a cereblon binding partner and found that the steady-state levels of AGO2 were regulated by cereblon. Upon treatment of IMiD-sensitive MM cells with lenalidomide, the steady-state levels of cereblon were significantly increased, whereas levels of AGO2 were significantly decreased. It has been reported that AGO2 plays a pivotal role in microRNA maturation and function. Interestingly, upon treatment of MM cells with lenalidomide, the steady-state levels of microRNAs were significantly altered. In addition, silencing of AGO2 in MM cells, regardless of sensitivity to IMiDs, significantly decreased the levels of AGO2 and microRNAs and massively induced cell death. CONCLUSION These results support the notion that the cereblon binding partner AGO2 plays an important role in regulating MM cell growth and survival and AGO2 could be considered as a novel drug target for overcoming IMiD resistance in MM cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqin Xu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 E. Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Nephrology, Hangzhou Traditional Chinese Medical Hospital, 453 Tiyuchang Rd, Hangzhou, 310007, China
| | - Yue-xian Hou
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 E. Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Paul Langlais
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 E. Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Patrick Erickson
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 E. Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - James Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 E. Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA
| | - Chang-Xin Shi
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Moulun Luo
- Center for Metabolic and Vascular Biology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA
| | - Yuanxiao Zhu
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Ye Xu
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 E. Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA.,Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research, Breast Center, Beijing Cancer Hospital & Institute, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, 100142, P. R. China
| | - Lawrence J Mandarino
- Center for Metabolic and Vascular Biology, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, USA.,Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Keith Stewart
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Xiu-bao Chang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 13400 E. Shea Boulevard, Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA.
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