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Badulescu OV, Scripcariu DV, Badescu MC, Ciocoiu M, Vladeanu MC, Plesoianu CE, Bojan A, Iliescu-Halitchi D, Tudor R, Huzum B, Bararu Bojan I. Debates Surrounding the Use of Antithrombotic Therapy in Hemophilic Patients with Cardiovascular Disease: Best Strategies to Minimize Severe Bleeding Risk. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7845. [PMID: 39063087 PMCID: PMC11277257 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Navigating through antithrombotic therapy in patients with both hemophilia and cardiovascular pathology presents a complex scenario with inherent challenges and opportunities. The presence of hemophilia, characterized by impaired blood clotting, adds a layer of complexity to the management of cardiovascular conditions requiring antiplatelet therapy and anticoagulation. Striking a delicate balance between the necessity for antithrombotic treatment to prevent cardiovascular events and the heightened risk of severe bleeding in individuals with hemophilia demands a nuanced and carefully considered approach. The challenges revolve around identifying an optimal therapeutic strategy that effectively mitigates cardiovascular risks without exacerbating bleeding tendencies. In hemophilic patients with cardiovascular disease, the decision to use antiplatelet therapy requires careful consideration of the individual's bleeding risk profile, considering factors such as the severity of hemophilia, history of bleeding episodes, and concurrent medications. The goal is to provide effective antithrombotic treatment while minimizing the potential for excessive bleeding complications. Conventional anticoagulants like warfarin pose difficulties due to their potential to increase the risk of bleeding. On the other hand, emerging options like novel direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) present an opportunity, offering predictable pharmacokinetics and user-friendly administration. However, a comprehensive exploration of their safety and efficacy in hemophilic patients is imperative. Achieving the right equilibrium between preventing cardiovascular events and minimizing bleeding risk is pivotal in selecting the most effective therapeutic option for individuals with hemophilia and cardiovascular pathology. A multidisciplinary approach, integrating the expertise of hematologists and cardiologists, becomes essential to customize treatments and address the intricacies of this medical challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana-Viola Badulescu
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (O.-V.B.)
| | - Dragos Viorel Scripcariu
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Minerva Codruta Badescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Manuela Ciocoiu
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (O.-V.B.)
| | - Maria Cristina Vladeanu
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (O.-V.B.)
| | - Carmen Elena Plesoianu
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Andrei Bojan
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Dan Iliescu-Halitchi
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Razvan Tudor
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bogdan Huzum
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Iris Bararu Bojan
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Grigore T. Popa, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (O.-V.B.)
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Dix C, McFadyen JD, Tran HA. Exploring the effects of Factor Xa inhibitors on thrombin generation in people with haemophilia. Thromb Res 2024; 237:148-153. [PMID: 38603817 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2024.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Optimal management of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in people with haemophilia (PWH) is a growing issue, given the continuing improvement in life expectancy among PWH. The evolving treatment paradigms targeting higher trough levels and the advent of non-factor replacement therapies (NFRT) means much of the 'protection' PWH were thought to have against CVD may be lost. There is a paucity of evidence regarding the safety of using anticoagulants in PWH. We designed a study assessing the thrombin generation (TG) of PWH of different severities and treatments, compared to non-haemophilia patients receiving a Factor Xa (FXa) inhibitor (apixaban or rivaroxaban), healthy controls, and assessing TG parameters of adding FXa inhibitor to the plasma of PWH receiving emicizumab prophylaxis. In total, 40 patients were included. TG was initiated with 5pM tissue factor (TF) using the calibrated automated thrombinoscope. Compared to those with mild haemophilia, patients receiving a FXa inhibitor had higher endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) (1278.42 vs 1831.36) and velocity index (40.71 vs 112.56), but both had a similar peak height (154.0 vs 262.63) and time to peak (both 5.83). People with severe haemophilia receiving emicizumab had significantly improved TG parameters compared to those not receiving emicizumab - ETP 1678.11 vs 809.96 and peak height 233.8 vs 92.05; however, when FXa inhibitor was added their TG parameters deteriorated to the severe haemophilia range (ETP 1179.60 and peak height 103.05). TG may provide additional useful information regarding the use of anticoagulants in PWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Dix
- Department of Clinical Haematology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - James D McFadyen
- Department of Clinical Haematology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Huyen A Tran
- Department of Clinical Haematology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
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3
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Dix C, Dolan G, Hunt BJ. Reducing the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in people with hemophilia: the importance of primary prevention. J Thromb Haemost 2024; 22:1304-1312. [PMID: 38309435 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2024.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Revolutionary advances in the treatment of hemophilia has led to a significant improvement in life expectancy. Associated with this has been an increase in age-related diseases especially atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD). While people with hemophilia (PWH) develop atherosclerosis at rates similar to those of the general population, rates of atherothrombosis and mortality related to CVD have been much lower, due to their hypocoagulable state. Changing treatment paradigms, aimed at reducing the risk of bleeding by improving hemostasis to levels approaching normality, has meant that the protection they are thought to have had may be lost. CVD risk factors are just as common in PWH as in the general population, but appear to be undertreated. In particular, primary prevention of CVD is vital in all individuals, but particularly in PWH as treatment of established CVD can be difficult. Active identification and management of CVD risk factors, such as obesity, physical inactivity, hypertension, and hypercholesterolemia, is required. In particular, statins have been shown to significantly reduce cardiovascular and all-cause mortality with few adverse events and no increased risk of bleeding in the general population, and their use needs urgent assessment in PWH. Further longitudinal research into preventing CVD in PWH, including accurate CVD risk assessment, is required to optimize prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Dix
- Haemophilia & Thrombosis Centre, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Gerry Dolan
- Haemophilia & Thrombosis Centre, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Beverley J Hunt
- Haemophilia & Thrombosis Centre, Guy's & St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.
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Franchini M, Focosi D, Mannucci PM. How we manage cardiovascular disease in patients with hemophilia. Haematologica 2023; 108:1748-1757. [PMID: 36700406 PMCID: PMC10316236 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2022.282407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
With the striking advances in hemophilia care that have materialized particularly in the last two decades, an increasing number of persons with hemophilia (PWH) have achieved a quality of life and life expectancy very close to that of unaffected individuals. With aging, a growing number of PWH develop age-related co-morbidities, including cancer and cardiovascular disease. The latter (particularly coronary artery disease and atrial fibrillation) represent a new challenge for the hemophilia treatment centers because their management implies a delicate balance between the thrombotic risk and bleeding tendency, that is further enhanced by the concomitant use of antithrombotic agents. Because evidence from clinical trials is lacking, the management of PWH with cardiovascular diseases is mostly based on expert opinions, personal experiences, and the adaptation of the evidence stemming from studies on people without hemophilia. In this article, we focus on how to manage coronary artery disease and atrial fibrillation in patients with hemophilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Franchini
- Department of Transfusion Medicine and Hematology, Carlo Poma Hospital, Mantova.
| | - Daniele Focosi
- North-Western Tuscany Blood Bank, Pisa University Hospital
| | - Pier Mannuccio Mannucci
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico and University of Milan, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Milan
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Robinson F, Wilkes S, Schaefer N, Goldstein M, Rice M, Gray J, Meyers S, Valentino LA. Patient-centered pharmacovigilance: priority actions from the inherited bleeding disorders community. Ther Adv Drug Saf 2023; 14:20420986221146418. [PMID: 36861041 PMCID: PMC9969430 DOI: 10.1177/20420986221146418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Pharmacovigilance, the science and practice of monitoring the effects of medicinals and their safety, is the responsibility of all stakeholders involved in the development, manufacture, regulation, distribution, prescription, and use of drugs and devices. The patient is the stakeholder most impacted by and the greatest source of information on safety issues. It is rare, however, for the patient to take a central role and exert leadership in the design and execution of pharmacovigilance. Patient organizations in the inherited bleeding disorders community are among the most established and empowered, particularly in the rare disorders. In this review, two of the largest bleeding disorders patient organizations, Hemophilia Federation of America (HFA) and National Hemophilia Foundation (NHF), offer insights into the priority actions required of all stakeholders to improve pharmacovigilance. The recent and ongoing increase in incidents raising safety concerns and a therapeutic landscape on the cusp of unprecedented expansion heighten the urgency of a recommitment to the primacy of patient safety and well-being in drug development and distribution. Plain Language Summary Patients at the center of product safety Every medical device and therapeutic product has potential benefits and harms. The pharmaceutical and biomedical companies that develop them must demonstrate that they are effective, and the safety risks are limited or manageable, for regulators to approve them for use and sale. After the product has been approved and people are using it in their daily lives, it is important to continue to collect information about any negative side effects or adverse events; this is called pharmacovigilance. Regulators, like the United States (US) Food and Drug Administration, the companies that sell and distribute the products, and healthcare professionals who prescribe them are all required to participate in collecting, reporting, analyzing, and communicating this information. The people with the most firsthand knowledge of the benefits and harms of the drug or device are the patients who use them. They have an important responsibility to learn how to recognize adverse events, how to report them, and to stay informed of any news about the product from the other partners in the pharmacovigilance network. Those partners have a crucial responsibility to provide clear, easy-to-understand information to patients about any new safety concerns that come to light. The community of people with inherited bleeding disorders has recently encountered problems with poor communication of product safety issues, prompting two large US patient organizations, National Hemophilia Foundation and Hemophilia Federation of America, to hold a Safety Summit with all the pharmacovigilance network partners. Together they developed recommendations to improve the collection and communication of information about product safety so that patients can make well-informed, timely decisions about their use of drugs and devices. This article presents these recommendations in the context of how pharmacovigilance is supposed to work and some of the challenges encountered by the community.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sonji Wilkes
- Hemophilia Federation of America, Washington,
DC, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Sharon Meyers
- Hemophilia Federation of America, Washington,
DC, USA
| | - Leonard A. Valentino
- National Hemophilia Foundation, 7 Penn Plaza,
Suite 102, New York, NY 1001, USA
- Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Rush
University, Chicago, IL, USA
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Alam AU, Goodyear MD, Wu C, Sun HL. Increased acute care utilisation, comorbidities and mortality in adults with haemophilia: A population-based cohort study from 2012 to 2019. Haemophilia 2023; 29:219-229. [PMID: 36264207 DOI: 10.1111/hae.14680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Improvements in treatment strategies have led to increased life expectancy of persons with haemophilia (PWH). Consequently, age-related comorbidities become increasingly relevant. AIM To evaluate the prevalence of age-related comorbidities, mortality, health service utilisation and predictors of hospitalisation in PWH compared to the general population. METHODS We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study using linked administrative data. Men with haemophilia were identified in Alberta, Canada (2012-2019) with a validated case definition and were age-matched with male population controls. We calculated the prevalence of major comorbidities, all-cause mortality, and examined health service utilisation including Emergency Department visits and hospitalisations. Logistic regression was applied to identify predictors of hospitalisation. RESULTS We identified 198 and 329 persons with moderately severe haemophilia and mild/moderate, respectively. Moderately severe haemophilia had a higher risk of death (standardised mortality ratio 3.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.4-6.3) compared to the general population. PWH had a significantly higher prevalence of hypertension, liver diseases and malignancies than controls. Moderately severe haemophilia was associated with significantly higher rates of hospitalisations (52.5% vs. 14.5%), Emergency Department visits (89.1% vs. 62.7%) and intensive care admissions (8.9% vs. 2.3%). Age > 65 years (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 6.8) and presence of multiple comorbidities (aOR 3.9) were significant predictors of hospitalisations among PWH. CONCLUSION Despite advanced care, haemophilia is associated with higher acute care utilisation than the general population, highlighting the substantial burden of illness on patients and the health care system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arafat Ul Alam
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - M Dawn Goodyear
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Cynthia Wu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Haowei Linda Sun
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Klamroth R, Ay C, De Moerloose P, Fontana P, Windyga J, Astermark J, Berntorp E, Carvalho M, Dolan G, Hermans C, Holme PA, Kenet G, Mancuso ME, Marquardt N, Nunez R, Pabinger I, Rodgers R, Valk PVD, Yuste VJ, Zupan IP. Applicability of the European Society of Cardiology Guidelines on the management of acute coronary syndromes to older people with haemophilia A - A modified Delphi consensus by the ADVANCE Working Group. Haemophilia 2023; 29:21-32. [PMID: 36271497 DOI: 10.1111/hae.14674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION As people with haemophilia (PWH) receive better treatment and live longer they are more likely to encounter cardiovascular disease (CVD) and other comorbidities. ESC guidelines for the acute management of patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are based on the non-haemophilia population. AIM To review the guidelines and propose relevant adaptations for PWHA without inhibitors who are treated with prophylaxis and present with ACS. METHODS As part of the ADVANCE Group, 20 European haemophilia experts used a modified Delphi approach to develop and gain consensus on proposed adaptations of the ESC guidelines for PWHA without inhibitors. RESULTS Of the 32 Class I recommendations across both guidelines, adaptions were considered necessary and proposed for 15. The adaptions highlight the need to provide sufficient FVIII trough levels at the time of antithrombotic treatment in people with haemophilia A (HA) without inhibitors. Patients receiving emicizumab prophylaxis and requiring oral anticoagulation therapy or combined single antiplatelet plus oral anticoagulation therapy will require additional FVIII replacement therapy. CONCLUSION In the absence of high-quality clinical evidence, the combined expert opinion used to develop these adaptions to the current ESC guidelines may help to guide clinicians in their treatment decisions when a PWHA presents with ACS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cihan Ay
- Department of Medicine I, Clinical Division of Haematology and Haemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Pierre Fontana
- Division of Angiology and Hemostasis, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jerzy Windyga
- Department of Hemostasis Disorders and Internal Medicine, Institute of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Manuela Carvalho
- Congenital Coagulopathies Reference Center, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, E.P.E., Porto, Portugal
| | | | | | | | - Gili Kenet
- Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer & The Amalia Biron Thrombosis Research Institute, Tel Aviv University, Israel
| | | | - Natascha Marquardt
- Institute of Experimental Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Ingrid Pabinger
- Department of Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Paul van der Valk
- Van Creveldkliniek, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Irena Preložnik Zupan
- University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Department of Haematology, University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Medicine, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Shapiro AD, Hardesty BM, Peyvandi F, Iorio A. Prevalence of selected bleeding and thrombotic events in persons with hemophilia versus the general population: A scoping review. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2023; 7:100007. [PMID: 36891522 PMCID: PMC9986102 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2022.100007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Life expectancy for persons with hemophilia has increased over recent decades due to advances in treatment practice and patient care. Those with hemophilia are now more likely to be affected by conditions associated with aging, such as myocardial infarction, hemorrhagic/ischemic stroke, deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, and intracranial hemorrhage. Here, we describe the results of a literature search designed to summarize current data on the prevalence of the above selected bleeding and thrombotic events in persons with hemophilia vs the general population. A total of 912 articles published between 2005 and 2022 were identified in a search of BIOSIS Previews, Embase, and MEDLINE databases conducted in July 2022. Case studies, conference abstracts, review articles, studies focusing on hemophilia treatments or surgical outcomes, and studies examining patients with inhibitors only were excluded. After screening, 83 relevant publications were identified. The prevalence of bleeding events was consistently higher in hemophilia populations vs reference populations (hemorrhagic stroke, 1.4%-5.31% vs 0.2%-0.97%; intracranial hemorrhage, 1.1%-10.8% vs 0.04%-0.4%). Serious bleeding events showed a high rate of mortality with standardized mortality ratios for intracranial hemorrhage ranging from 3.5 to 14.88. Although 9 studies reported lower prevalence of arterial thrombosis (myocardial infarction/stroke) in hemophilia vs general populations, 5 studies reported higher or comparable prevalence in hemophilia. Prospective studies are therefore needed to understand the prevalence of bleeding and thrombotic events in hemophilia populations, particularly with the observed increases in life expectancy and availability of novel treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy D Shapiro
- Indiana Haemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA
| | | | - Flora Peyvandi
- Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Milan, Italy.,Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alfonso Iorio
- Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Day JR, Takemoto C, Sharathkumar A, Makhani S, Gupta A, Bitner S, Josephson CD, Bloch EM, Tobian AAR, Krishnamurti L, Goel R. Associated comorbidities, healthcare utilization & mortality in hospitalized patients with haemophilia in the United States: Contemporary nationally representative estimates. Haemophilia 2022; 28:532-541. [PMID: 35412659 PMCID: PMC9540439 DOI: 10.1111/hae.14557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Current in-hospital burden and healthcare utilization patterns for persons with haemophilia (PWH) A and B, including both children (ages < 18 years) and adults (ages ≥ 18 years), in the United States (US) are lacking. AIM To evaluate healthcare utilization, the prevalence of comorbidities, and mortality in hospitalized paediatric and adult PWH using a contemporary nationally representative cohort. METHODS Hospitalizations of PWH either as the primary reason for admission (principal diagnosis) or one of all listed diagnoses were identified using ICD-10 codes from the 2017 Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), the largest publicly available all-payer inpatient discharge database in the US. Sampling weights were applied to generate nationally representative estimates. RESULTS The contemporary cohort included 10,555 hospitalizations (paediatrics, 18.3%; adults, 81.7%) among PWH as one-of-all listed diagnoses (n = 1465 as principal diagnosis). Median age (interquartile range) was 46 (24-66) years overall; adults, 54 (35-70) years and paediatric, 4 (1-11). The most common comorbidities in adults were hypertension (33.4%), hyperlipidaemia (23.6%), and diabetes (21.1%). In children, hemarthrosis (11.4%), contusions (9.6%), and central line infections (9.3%) were the most common. The overall mortality rate was 2.3%. Median hospital charges per haemophilia admission were $52,616 ($24,303-$135,814) compared to $26,841 ($12,969-$54,568) for all-cause admissions in NIS. CONCLUSION Bleeding and catheter-related infections are the significant reasons for paediatric haemophilia admissions. Adult haemophilia admissions tend to be associated with age-related comorbidities. Costs for haemophilia-related hospitalizations are higher than the national average for all-cause hospitalizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R. Day
- Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIowaUSA
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of Haematology/OncologySimmons Cancer Institute at SIU School of MedicineSpringfieldIllinoisUSA
| | - Clifford Takemoto
- Department of HaematologySt. Jude's Children's Research HospitalMemphisTennesseeUSA
| | - Anjali Sharathkumar
- Stead Family Department of PaediatricsDivision of Paediatric Hematology‐OncologyUniversity of Iowa Carver College of MedicineIowa CityIowaUSA
| | - Sarah Makhani
- Herbert Wertheim College of MedicineFlorida International UniversityFloridaUSA
| | | | - Stephanie Bitner
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of Haematology/OncologySimmons Cancer Institute at SIU School of MedicineSpringfieldIllinoisUSA
| | | | - Evan M. Bloch
- Department of PathologyDivision of Transfusion MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Aaron A. R. Tobian
- Department of PathologyDivision of Transfusion MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Lakshmanan Krishnamurti
- Departments of PaediatricsDivision of Paediatric Haematology, Oncology, and Bone Marrow TransplantYale School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticutUSA
| | - Ruchika Goel
- Department of Internal MedicineDivision of Haematology/OncologySimmons Cancer Institute at SIU School of MedicineSpringfieldIllinoisUSA
- Department of PathologyDivision of Transfusion MedicineJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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10
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Acute coronary syndrome in patients with hemophilia: a delicate balancing act. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2022; 54:323-329. [PMID: 35543796 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-022-02664-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic advances have resulted in increased life expectancy in patients with hemophilia. Consequently, the prevalence of coronary artery disease in this population is increasing. Little is known about the optimal management of acute coronary syndrome in these patients. Current guidelines for the management of this condition are based mainly on expert opinion and generally recommend administration of the clotting factor prior to the anticoagulant, antiplatelet, and interventional therapies. We report a case that illustrates the potential harm that may come from this approach: evolution of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome into ST-elevation acute coronary syndrome during the administration of recombinant clotting factor. We review available literature and describe the refined informatics-based guidelines for managing acute coronary syndrome in patients with hemophilia we developed in response to the presented clinical case. We propose adopting this novel informatics-based approach, which aids in the identification and early treatment of these patients, operationalizes timely involvement of hematology experts, and gathers data for further study.
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11
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Garrison LP, Kleinermans D. Is the world ready for gene therapy? Haemophilia 2022; 28 Suppl 2:5-8. [PMID: 35318781 DOI: 10.1111/hae.14439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
KEY POINTS OF CONSIDERATION To prepare for the introduction of gene therapies in haemophilia care, healthcare frameworks for evaluation and valuation will need to evolve to address the unique requirements of current and future innovations for treating this rare disease. The papers in this supplement provide an insightful and comprehensive state-of-the-art assessment of these requirements and challenges. In terms of evaluation, the definition of a patient-defined value framework that captures multi-dimensional, patient-centered outcomes is an important first step for determining the full benefit of gene therapy for persons with haemophilia. In terms of valuation and rewards for innovation, health systems will need to develop alternative payment models for risk-sharing that will allow payers and society to address uncertainties about the ultimate clinical and economic value of these innovations. And health technology assessment authorities will need to exercise greater flexibility in evidence requirements given the unique features of data collection for a potentially curative therapy for a rare disease with long-term uncertainties about durability of impact. Collaboration among stakeholders will be essential for developing the critical evidence requirements and providing the incentives needed to achieve sustainable budgets and broad access for persons with haemophilia worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis P Garrison
- The Comparative Health Outcomes, Policy, and Economics (CHOICE) Institute in the School of Pharmacy, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Diane Kleinermans
- Commission of Drugs Reimbursement by National Institute for Health and Disability in Chez National Institute for Health and Disability Insurance (INAMI-RIZIV), Brussels, Belgium
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12
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Badescu MC, Badulescu OV, Butnariu LI, Floria M, Ciocoiu M, Costache II, Popescu D, Bratoiu I, Buliga-Finis ON, Rezus C. Current Therapeutic Approach to Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Congenital Hemophilia. J Pers Med 2022; 12:519. [PMID: 35455634 PMCID: PMC9029474 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12040519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease in hemophiliacs has an increasing prevalence due to the aging of this population. Hemophiliacs are perceived as having a high bleeding risk due to the coagulation factor VIII/IX deficiency, but it is currently acknowledged that they also have an important ischemic risk. The treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) is particularly challenging since it usually requires anticoagulant treatment. The CHA2DS2-VASc score is used to estimate the risk of stroke and peripheral embolism, and along with the severity of hemophilia, guide the therapeutic strategy. Our work provides the most complete, structured, and updated analysis of the current therapeutic approach of AF in hemophiliacs, emphasizing that there is a growing interest in therapeutic strategies that allow for short-term anticoagulant therapy. Catheter ablation and left atrial appendage occlusion have proven to be efficient and safe procedures in hemophiliacs, if appropriate replacement therapy can be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minerva Codruta Badescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.B.); (I.-I.C.); (D.P.); (O.N.B.-F.); (C.R.)
- III Internal Medicine Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Oana Viola Badulescu
- Department of Pathophysiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (O.V.B.); (M.C.)
- Hematology Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Lacramioara Ionela Butnariu
- Department of Mother and Child Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Mariana Floria
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.B.); (I.-I.C.); (D.P.); (O.N.B.-F.); (C.R.)
- Internal Medicine Clinic, “Dr. Iacob Czihac” Emergency Military Clinical Hospital Iasi, 700483 Iasi, Romania
| | - Manuela Ciocoiu
- Department of Pathophysiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (O.V.B.); (M.C.)
| | - Irina-Iuliana Costache
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.B.); (I.-I.C.); (D.P.); (O.N.B.-F.); (C.R.)
- Cardiology Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Diana Popescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.B.); (I.-I.C.); (D.P.); (O.N.B.-F.); (C.R.)
| | - Ioana Bratoiu
- Department of Rheumatology and Physiotherapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Oana Nicoleta Buliga-Finis
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.B.); (I.-I.C.); (D.P.); (O.N.B.-F.); (C.R.)
| | - Ciprian Rezus
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.B.); (I.-I.C.); (D.P.); (O.N.B.-F.); (C.R.)
- III Internal Medicine Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
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13
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Pandey B, Barnes RFW, Sun HL, Jackson S, Kruse-Jarres R, Quon DV, von Drygalski A. Risk of diabetes in haemophilia patients compared to clinic and non-clinic control cohorts. Haemophilia 2022; 28:445-452. [PMID: 35238443 DOI: 10.1111/hae.14515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ageing patients with haemophilia (PWH) develop cardiovascular risk factors impacting care. Little is known about the prevalence of diabetes in PWH and its relation to other comorbidities. AIM To examine the risk of diabetes for adult PWH compared to men from the general United States population (National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys [NHANES]) and outpatients attending a Veterans Affairs Medical Center (VAMC) clinic. METHODS Retrospective cross-sectional design. PWH from four haemophilia centres (n = 690) were matched with random samples from NHANES and VAMC. Diabetes (yes/no) was the outcome, while age, body mass index (BMI), race and Hepatitis C (HCV; by serology) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positivity were covariates. We fitted semiparametric generalized additive models (GAMs) in order to compare diabetes risk between cohorts. RESULTS Younger PWH were at lower risk of diabetes than NHANES or VAMC subjects irrespective of BMI. However, the risk of diabetes rose in older PWH and was closely associated with HCV. For HCV-negative subjects, the risk of diabetes was considerably lower for PWH than NHANES and VAMC subjects. The difference persisted after controlling for BMI and age, indicating that the low risk of diabetes in PWH cannot be explained by lean body mass alone. CONCLUSION Since many ageing PWH are HCV positive and therefore at heightened risk for diabetes, it is important to incorporate diabetes screening into care algorithms in Haemophilia Treatment Centers, especially since PWH are not always followed in primary care clinics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braj Pandey
- Department of Primary Care, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Diego, California, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Richard F W Barnes
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | | | | | | | - Doris V Quon
- Washington Center for Bleeding Disorders at Bloodworks NorthWest, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Annette von Drygalski
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
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14
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Hodroj MH, El Hasbani G, Al-Shamsi HO, Samaha H, Musallam KM, Taher AT. Clinical burden of hemophilia in older adults: Beyond bleeding risk. Blood Rev 2021; 53:100912. [PMID: 34887154 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2021.100912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The prospect of hemophilia patients has dramatically improved in the last few decades with the introduction of various interventions that can effectively treat or prevent their bleeding risk. The life expectancy of patients can now reach that of the healthy population, but this has paved the way for several previously unrecognized morbidities to manifest in older adults with hemophilia. Such clinical complications are attributed to suboptimal management or poor access to effective therapy during childhood as well as chronicity and prolonged exposure to the underlying pathophysiology of the disease and its treatment. Complications common in the aging population are also becoming increasingly relevant in this vulnerable patient subgroup. In this review, we highlight peculiarities of such morbidities including chronic viral infections and liver disease, debilitating joint impairment and bone disease, cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease, and cancers. We also reflect on topics of special interest in adulthood such as sexuality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Humaid O Al-Shamsi
- Burjeel Medical City, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates; Emirates Oncology Society, Dubai, United Arab Emirates; University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hanady Samaha
- Saint George Hospital University Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | | | - Ali T Taher
- American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
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15
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Bolina-Santos E, Chaves DG, da Silva-Malta MCF, Carmo RA, Barbosa-Stancioli EF, Lobato Martins M. HCV infection in hemophilia A patients is associated with altered cytokines and chemokines profile and might modulate the levels of FVIII inhibitor. J Med Virol 2021; 94:683-691. [PMID: 34738645 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.27432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) is high in hemophilia A patients and the development of FVIII inhibitor is another challenge in the management of these individuals. The influence of HCV infection in the occurrence of inhibitors was investigated by the comparison of clinical and laboratory data from noninfected (NI, n = 96) and chronically HCV-infected (HCV, n = 58) hemophilia A patients. Concentrations of plasmatic cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, TNF, IFN-γ, and IL-17A) and chemokines (CCL2, CCL5, CXCL8, CXCL9, and CXCL10) were quantified from patients' samples. The results showed that older age, use of cryoprecipitate and fresh frozen plasma, and severe hemophilia were associated with HCV infection, whereas exclusive use of virus inactivated clotting factors was a protector factor to acquiring HCV infection. HCV infection was strongly associated with low levels of inhibitor (OR = 20.53, p < 0.001). Patients with a history of inhibitor (INB+) presented a mixed immune profile characterized by higher levels of pro-and anti-inflammatory cytokines than those without a history of inhibitor (INB-). The highest levels of CCL2 and CXCL8 were seen in HCVINB- , whereas CXCL9 and CXCL10 in HCVINB+ . Heatmap analysis of the set of cytokines and chemokines concentration distributed HCV patients into two distinct clusters, HCVINB+ and HCVINB- , both characterized by low concentrations of IL-4, while noninfected patients were grouped in a single block regardless of inhibitor development history (NIINB-/INB+ ). This finding suggests that the strong association between HCV infection and low levels of factor VIII inhibitors might be due to the modulation of the cytokine and chemokine network established by the antiviral response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduarda Bolina-Santos
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Laboratório de Virologia Básica e Aplicada, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Daniel G Chaves
- Serviço de Pesquisa, Gerência de Desenvolvimento Técnico Científico, Fundação Hemominas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Maria C F da Silva-Malta
- Serviço de Pesquisa, Gerência de Desenvolvimento Técnico Científico, Fundação Hemominas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Ricardo A Carmo
- Ambulatório de Infectologia, Hemocentro de Belo Horizonte, Fundação Hemominas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Edel F Barbosa-Stancioli
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Laboratório de Virologia Básica e Aplicada, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marina Lobato Martins
- Serviço de Pesquisa, Gerência de Desenvolvimento Técnico Científico, Fundação Hemominas, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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16
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El Khoury M, Karam B, Tabet R, Lafferty JC, Snyder ST. Current Practice of Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Coagulation Disorders. Cureus 2021; 13:e18284. [PMID: 34722061 PMCID: PMC8545607 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.18284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute coronary artery disease represents the leading cause of death worldwide. Some studies have shown that coagulation disorders can play a protective role against ischemic heart disease, presumably due to hypocoagulable state and decrease thrombin formation. However, autopsy reports showed atherosclerotic lesions in some patients with hemophilia. Since the introduction of clotting factors and replacement therapies, the life expectancy of patients with coagulation disorders has increased significantly. As a result, the incidence of cardiovascular diseases became higher making their treatment more challenging. Door to balloon strategy applies in ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), and percutaneous coronary intervention should not be delayed. While in non-STEMI (NSTEMI) and unstable angina, a hematology consult is essential. Prophylactic coagulation factor replacement is crucial in these patients in order to avoid bleeding complications, but on the other hand, these factors were also associated with thrombotic complications. Historically, bare-metal stents were preferred over drug-eluting stents in view of the shorter duration of dual antiplatelets therapy (DAPT). Currently, some trials have demonstrated the safety of new-generation drug-eluting stents in patients with elevated bleeding risk, where DAPT use is limited to four weeks. The radial artery is the preferred access and was found to have less bleeding complications when compared to the femoral access. Anticoagulation with heparin is the safest in view of antidote availability and shorter half-life. Bivalirudin has also been used in some case reports, while GP2b3a inhibitors are usually avoided except in a high thrombus burden. Close peri procedural follow-up is important with patient education about symptoms of bleed. Carefully and individually tailored antithrombotic and factor replacement therapy is required to overcome these clinically challenging situations. Early screening for cardiovascular risk factors and considering early intervention and management might help to improve the general health status of this population and reduce morbidity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michel El Khoury
- Internal Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital - Northwell Health, New York City, USA
| | - Boutros Karam
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital - Northwell Health, Staten Island, USA
| | - Rabih Tabet
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital - Northwell Health, Staten Island, USA
| | - James C Lafferty
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital - Northwell Health, Staten Island, USA
| | - Stavros Thomas Snyder
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital - Northwell Health, Staten Island, USA
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17
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Badescu MC, Ciocoiu M, Rezus E, Badulescu OV, Tanase DM, Ouatu A, Dima N, Ganceanu-Rusu AR, Popescu D, Seritean Isac PN, Genes TM, Rezus C. Current Therapeutic Approach to Acute Myocardial Infarction in Patients with Congenital Hemophilia. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:1072. [PMID: 34685443 PMCID: PMC8537181 DOI: 10.3390/life11101072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Advances in the treatment of hemophilia have made the life expectancy of hemophiliacs similar to that of the general population. Physicians have begun to face age-related diseases not previously encountered in individuals with hemophilia. Treatment of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is particularly challenging because the therapeutic strategies influence both the patient's thrombotic and hemorrhagic risk. As progress has been made in the treatment of AMI over the last decade, we performed an in-depth analysis of the available literature, highlighting the latest advances in the therapy of AMI in hemophiliacs. It is generally accepted that after the optimal substitution therapy has been provided, patients with hemophilia should be treated in the same way as those in the general population. New-generation stents that allow short dual antiplatelet therapy and potent P2Y12 receptor inhibitors have begun to be successfully used. At a time when specific recommendations and relevant data are scarce, our study provides up-to-date information to physicians involved in the treatment of AMI in hemophiliacs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minerva Codruta Badescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.B.); (D.M.T.); (A.O.); (N.D.); (A.R.G.-R.); (D.P.); (P.N.S.I.); (C.R.)
- III Internal Medicine Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 1 Independence Boulevard, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Manuela Ciocoiu
- Department of Pathophysiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Elena Rezus
- Department of Rheumatology and Physiotherapy, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- I Rheumatology Clinic, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 14 Pantelimon Halipa Street, 700661 Iasi, Romania
| | - Oana Viola Badulescu
- Department of Pathophysiology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
- Hematology Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 1 Independence Boulevard, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Daniela Maria Tanase
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.B.); (D.M.T.); (A.O.); (N.D.); (A.R.G.-R.); (D.P.); (P.N.S.I.); (C.R.)
- III Internal Medicine Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 1 Independence Boulevard, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Anca Ouatu
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.B.); (D.M.T.); (A.O.); (N.D.); (A.R.G.-R.); (D.P.); (P.N.S.I.); (C.R.)
- III Internal Medicine Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 1 Independence Boulevard, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Dima
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.B.); (D.M.T.); (A.O.); (N.D.); (A.R.G.-R.); (D.P.); (P.N.S.I.); (C.R.)
- III Internal Medicine Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 1 Independence Boulevard, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ana Roxana Ganceanu-Rusu
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.B.); (D.M.T.); (A.O.); (N.D.); (A.R.G.-R.); (D.P.); (P.N.S.I.); (C.R.)
- III Internal Medicine Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 1 Independence Boulevard, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Diana Popescu
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.B.); (D.M.T.); (A.O.); (N.D.); (A.R.G.-R.); (D.P.); (P.N.S.I.); (C.R.)
| | - Petronela Nicoleta Seritean Isac
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.B.); (D.M.T.); (A.O.); (N.D.); (A.R.G.-R.); (D.P.); (P.N.S.I.); (C.R.)
| | - Tudor-Marcel Genes
- Department of Neurology, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania;
- Neurological Rehabilitation Clinic, Clinical Rehabilitation Hospital, 14 Pantelimon Halipa Street, 700661 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ciprian Rezus
- Department of Internal Medicine, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 16 University Street, 700115 Iasi, Romania; (M.C.B.); (D.M.T.); (A.O.); (N.D.); (A.R.G.-R.); (D.P.); (P.N.S.I.); (C.R.)
- III Internal Medicine Clinic, “St. Spiridon” County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 1 Independence Boulevard, 700111 Iasi, Romania
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18
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Alam AU, Karkhaneh M, Attia T, Wu C, Sun HL. All-cause mortality and causes of death in persons with haemophilia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Haemophilia 2021; 27:897-910. [PMID: 34592037 DOI: 10.1111/hae.14423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Improvements in haemophilia treatment over the last decades resulted in increased life expectancy in persons with haemophilia (PWH). AIM We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to examine all-cause mortality and causes of death among PWH. METHODS We systematically searched EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science, CINAHL and Cochrane central register of controlled trials from inception through March 15, 2021. Studies that reported a mortality estimate of PWH compared with the general population and/or reported causes of death were included. Random-effects meta-analysis with inverse variance method was used to obtain pooled estimates. We stratified the analysis by the year of cohort entry (before 2000 vs after 2000). RESULT Of the 4769 studies identified, 52 met the eligibility criteria. The pooled all-cause standardized mortality ratio (SMR) from 9 studies in PWH was 1.93 (95% CI 1.38-2.70; I2 = 97%). The pooled SMRs before and after the year 2000 were 2.40 (95% CI 1.92-3.00; I2 = 87%) and 1.20 (95% CI 1.03-1.40; I2 = 62%), respectively. Before the year 2000, 31.2% deaths occurred due to HIV followed by haemorrhage (26.0%), cardiovascular disease (18.2%), liver disease (9.0%), and cancer (8.9%). Fewer (13.9%) deaths were attributable to HIV after the year 2000 with the proportion of deaths due to haemorrhage remaining unchanged. CONCLUSION With treatment advances, mortality in PWH has declined over the last few decades approaching that of the general population. However, haemorrhage remains a leading cause of death requiring further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arafat Ul Alam
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Mohammad Karkhaneh
- Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.,Institute of Health Economics, Edmonton, Canada
| | | | - Cynthia Wu
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Haowei Linda Sun
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
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Soares BMD, Simeoni LA, de Almeida KJQ, de Souza JL, Braverman MS, Alves Pinto AR, Lopes Cavaion JC, Bezerra LB, Costa AM, Amorim FF. Judicialization of coagulation factors in severe hemophilia: compliance with the care protocol and associated factors Judicialization and severe hemophilia. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2021; 67:400-405. [PMID: 34468605 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20200818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze the compliance with the assistance protocol and factors associated with the judicialization of coagulation factors in severe hemophilia patients. METHODS A retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted from June 2015 to May 2016 in adults with severe hemophilia in the Federal District, Brazil using data from their medical records and the Hemovida Web Coagulopathies System. RESULTS One-hundred and three patients from Federal District, the capital of Brazil, were included in the study. The mean age of the patients was 34.6±10.1. Ninety-three received prophylactic treatment (90.3%) and 53 received recombinant coagulation factors (51.7%). Judicialization occurred in 21 cases (20.4%), 13 of whom disagreed with the assistance protocol (12.6%). In the univariate analysis, an association was observed between reduced judicialization and treatment (4.8 vs. 47.6%; p<0.001) in the hemophilia treatment center and an increase that was associated with use of the recombinant coagulation factor in disagreement with the protocol (38.1 vs. 6.1%; p<0.001). In the multivariate analysis, the odds ratio for judicialization was 0.081 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.010-0.055) for treatment at the hemophilia treatment center and 5.067 (95%CI 1.392-18.446) for the use of recombinant coagulation factor not in compliance with the protocol. More inhibitor development in judicialized patients (33.3 vs. 4.9%; p<0.001) was found. CONCLUSIONS The effectiveness of judicialization should be questioned, especially regarding coagulation factor prescriptions that are not in compliance with the protocol. The expense resulting from judicialization has not shown any benefit, and an even greater development of inhibitors during treatment in judicialized patients was found.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luiz Alberto Simeoni
- Universidade de Brasília, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Brasília (DF), Brazil
| | | | - Jaqueline Lima de Souza
- Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Curso de Graduação Brasília em Medicina, Brasília (DF), Brazil
| | - Melina Swain Braverman
- Fundação Hemocentro de Brasília, Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Brasília (DF), Brazil
| | - Alex Renner Alves Pinto
- Fundação Hemocentro de Brasília, Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Brasília (DF), Brazil
| | | | - Lucas Barbosa Bezerra
- Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Curso de Graduação Brasília em Medicina, Brasília (DF), Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Costa
- Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Coordenação de Pós-Graduação e Extensão Saúde, Brasília (DF), Brazil
| | - Fábio Ferreira Amorim
- Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde, Coordenação de Pós-Graduação e Extensão Saúde, Brasília (DF), Brazil
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Incidence and mortality rates of intracranial hemorrhage in hemophilia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Blood 2021; 138:2853-2873. [PMID: 34411236 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021011849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) is a severe complication that is relatively common among hemophilia patients. This systematic review aimed to obtain more precise estimates of ICH incidence and mortality in hemophilia, which may be important for patients, caregivers, researchers and health policy-makers. PubMed and EMBASE were systematically searched using terms related to "hemophilia" and "intracranial hemorrhage" or "mortality". Studies that allowed calculation of ICH incidence or mortality rates in a hemophilia population of at least 50 patients were included. We summarized evidence on ICH incidence and calculated pooled ICH incidence and mortality in three age groups: (1) persons of all ages with hemophilia, (2) children and young adults below 25 years of age with hemophilia and (3) neonates with hemophilia. Incidence and mortality were pooled with a Poisson-Normal model or a Binomial-Normal model. We included 45 studies that represented 54 470 patients, 809 151 person-years and 5326 live births of hemophilia patients. In persons of all ages, the pooled ICH incidence and mortality rates were 2.3 (95% CI 1.2-4.8) and 0.8 (95% CI 0.5-1.2) per 1000 person-years, respectively. In children and young adults, the pooled ICH incidence and mortality rates were 7.4 (95% CI 4.9-11.1) and 0.5 (95% CI 0.3-0.9) per 1000 person-years, respectively. In neonates, the pooled cumulative ICH incidence was 2.1% (95% CI 1.5-2.8) per 100 live births. ICH was classified as spontaneous in 35-58% of cases. Our findings suggest that ICH is an important problem in hemophilia that occurs among all ages, requiring adequate preventive strategies.
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21
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Caplan EO, Patel AM, DeClue RW, Sehman M, Cornett D, Shaffer TF, Raimundo K, Suehs BT. Real-world treatment, clinical outcomes and healthcare resource utilization among persons with hemophilia A by age. J Comp Eff Res 2021; 10:1121-1131. [PMID: 34240615 DOI: 10.2217/cer-2021-0109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: Examine real-world characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes among treated persons with hemophilia A (PwHA) stratified by age. Patients & methods: This study utilized US claims data from 1 January 2007-31 July 2018 from the Humana Research Database. Unadjusted comparisons were conducted across PwHA (<18, 18-55, 56-89 years) enrolled in commercial or Medicare Advantage Prescription Drug plans. Results: A total of 294 PwHA were identified; 21.1% experienced ≥1 bleeding event, and 41.2 and 53.1% had evidence of arthropathy or related disorders, and pain, respectively. Along with all-cause and hemophilia-related healthcare resource utilization (HCRU), these were highest among PwHA aged 56-89 years. Conclusion: Insights into treatment, outcomes and HCRU may identify opportunities for enhanced disease management, particularly in older PwHA.
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22
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Jonsson F, Schmitt C, Petry C, Mercier F, Frey N, Retout S. Exposure-Bleeding Count Modeling of Emicizumab for the Prophylaxis of Bleeding in Persons with Hemophilia A with/Without Inhibitors Against Factor VIII. Clin Pharmacokinet 2021; 60:931-941. [PMID: 33709296 PMCID: PMC8249270 DOI: 10.1007/s40262-021-01006-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Emicizumab is a monoclonal antibody that bridges activated coagulation factor IX and factor X to restore effective hemostasis in persons with hemophilia A. It is indicated for routine prophylaxis of bleeding episodes in persons with hemophilia A. The aim of the present study is to describe the exposure-response relationship between emicizumab concentrations and bleeding frequency, and to confirm adequate bleeding control of the investigated dosing regimens 1.5 mg/kg once weekly, 3 mg/kg every 2 weeks, and 6 mg/kg every 4 weeks. METHODS Treated bleeding events were pooled from 445 persons with hemophilia A with and without inhibitors against factor VIII, participating in six clinical studies. Emicizumab concentrations were predicted using a previously developed population pharmacokinetic model. A count model was used to quantify the exposure-response relationship. These models were used to illustrate the relationship between emicizumab concentrations and cumulative count of bleeding over 1 year (annualized bleeding rate). RESULTS The final exposure-response model, based on a generalized Poisson distribution and an inhibitory Emax relationship, adequately describes the relationship between daily emicizumab concentrations and daily bleed frequency. A significant effect of factor VIII prophylaxis among persons with hemophilia A without inhibitors was found. Annualized bleeding rate simulations show that the three emicizumab dosing regimens maintain the concentrations close to the plateau of the effect. At the average steady-state concentration across all regimens (53.5 µg/mL), the predicted mean annualized bleeding rate is 1.28, corresponding to a 94.0% reduction from baseline. CONCLUSIONS These results confirm that average emicizumab concentrations achieved with all three emicizumab dosing regimens provide adequate bleeding control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Christophe Schmitt
- Clinical Pharmacology, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Claire Petry
- Clinical Pharmacology, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Francois Mercier
- Clinical Pharmacology, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Frey
- Clinical Pharmacology, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Sylvie Retout
- Clinical Pharmacology, Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, Basel, Switzerland
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23
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Patient Perspectives on Novel Treatments in Haemophilia: A Qualitative Study. PATIENT-PATIENT CENTERED OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2021; 13:201-210. [PMID: 31691206 PMCID: PMC7075838 DOI: 10.1007/s40271-019-00395-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective New treatments for haemophilia are under development or entering the market, including extended half-life products, designer drugs and gene therapy, thereby increasing treatment options for haemophilia. It is currently unknown how people with haemophilia decide whether to switch to a new treatment. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore what factors may play a role when Dutch patients and parents of boys with moderate or severe haemophilia make decisions about whether to switch to a different treatment, and how disease and treatment characteristics may affect these decisions. This may aid clinical teams in tailored information provision and shared decision making. Methods We conducted interviews among adults with moderately severe or severe haemophilia and parents of young boys with severe haemophilia. We aimed to include participants from a variety of backgrounds in terms of involvement in the haemophilia community, age, treatment centre and treatments. Participants were recruited through the Netherlands Haemophilia Society and a haemophilia treatment centre. Semi-structured interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Thematic content analysis was used to analyse the data. Results Twelve people with haemophilia and two mothers of boys with haemophilia were included. In general, participants reported to be satisfied with their current treatment. However, they considered ease of use of the medication (fewer injections, easier handling, alternative administration) an added value of new treatments. Participants were aware of the high cost of coagulation factor products and some expressed their concern about the Netherlands Haemophilia Society’s long-term willingness to pay for current and novel treatments, especially for increased usage due to high-risk activities. Participants also expressed their concerns about the short- and long-term safety of new treatments and believed the effects of gene therapy were not yet fully understood. Participants expected their treatment team to inform them when a particular new treatment would be suitable for them. Conclusions With the number of treatment options set to increase, it is important for healthcare providers to be aware of how patient experiences shape patients’ decisions about new therapies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s40271-019-00395-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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24
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Nonsevere hemophilia A: often overlooked, but not forgotten. Curr Opin Hematol 2021; 27:295-301. [PMID: 32701616 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Nonsevere hemophilia A (NSHA) patients have received relatively little clinical and research attention as compared with their severe counterparts. There is increasing recognition that despite their milder bleeding phenotype, the management of NSHA can be a challenge, with most management decisions largely inferred from severe hemophilia A data. This review focuses on some of the more recent developments in the field of NSHA. RECENT FINDINGS Epidemiologic studies suggest that NSHA remain under-recognized and under-diagnosed globally. As the NSHA population ages, they are susceptible to age-related comorbidities. Large cohort studies of NSHA report that the most common primary cause of death is malignancy. NSHA patients have a lifetime risk of inhibitor development with increasing exposure to factor VIII concentrate. Even so, not all patients with inhibitors will require eradication treatment, irrespective of bleeding phenotype at time of inhibitor development. SUMMARY As there are currently no evidence-based strategies for inhibitor eradication in NSHA patients, preventive strategies are critical to mitigate inhibitor risk in NSHA. There is a need for active surveillance of NSHA patients by hemophilia treatment centers to address hemophilia-related issues and other age-related comorbidities, in collaboration with primary care physicians and other subspecialists.
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25
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Pradhan-Sundd T, Gudapati S, Kaminski TW, Ragni MV. Exploring the Complex Role of Coagulation Factor VIII in Chronic Liver Disease. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 12:1061-1072. [PMID: 33705963 PMCID: PMC8342958 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Chronic liver disease is one of the leading causes of death in the United States. Coagulopathy is often a sequela of chronic liver disease, however, the role and regulation of coagulation components in chronic liver injury remain poorly understood. Clinical and experimental evidence indicate that misexpression of the procoagulant factor VIII (FVIII) is associated with chronic liver disease. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism of FVIII-induced chronic liver injury progression remains unknown. This review provides evidence supporting a pathologic role for FVIII in the development of chronic liver disease using both experimental and clinical models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tirthadipa Pradhan-Sundd
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.
| | - Shweta Gudapati
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Tomasz W Kaminski
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Margaret V Ragni
- Pittsburgh Heart, Lung and Blood Vascular Medicine Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; Hemophilia Center of Western Pennsylvania, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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26
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Hassan S, Monahan RC, Mauser-Bunschoten EP, van Vulpen LFD, Eikenboom J, Beckers EAM, Hooimeijer L, Ypma PF, Nieuwenhuizen L, Coppens M, Schols SEM, Leebeek FWG, Smit C, Driessens MH, le Cessie S, van Balen EC, Rosendaal FR, van der Bom JG, Gouw SC. Mortality, life expectancy, and causes of death of persons with hemophilia in the Netherlands 2001-2018. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:645-653. [PMID: 33217158 PMCID: PMC7986360 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment of patients with hemophilia has advanced over the past decades, but it is unknown whether this has resulted in a normal life expectancy in the Netherlands. OBJECTIVE This observational cohort study aimed to assess all-cause and cause-specific mortality in patients with hemophilia in the Netherlands between 2001 and 2018 and to compare mortality and life expectancy with previous survival assessments from 1973 onward. PATIENTS/METHODS All 1066 patients with hemophilia who participated in a nationwide survey in 2001 were followed until July 2018. RESULTS Information on 1031 individuals (97%) was available, of whom 142 (14%) deceased during follow-up. Compared with the general Dutch male population, mortality of patients with hemophilia was still increased (standardized mortality ratio: 1.4, 95% confidence interval: 1.2-1.7). Intracranial bleeding and malignancies were the most common causes of death. Estimated median life expectancy of patients with hemophilia was 77 years, 6 years lower than the median life expectancy of the general Dutch male population (83 years). Over the past 45 years, death rates of patients with hemophilia have consistently decreased, approaching the survival experience of the general population. Over the past decades, mortality due to human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus infections has decreased, death due to intracranial hemorrhages has increased, and death due to ischemic heart disease has remained consistently low over time. CONCLUSIONS Survival in patients with hemophilia in the Netherlands has improved over time but is still lower than that of the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shermarke Hassan
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Rory C Monahan
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Lize F D van Vulpen
- Van Creveldkliniek, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Eikenboom
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Erik A M Beckers
- Department of Hematology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Louise Hooimeijer
- Department of Paediatrics, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Paula F Ypma
- Department of Hematology, HagaZiekenhuis, The Hague, the Netherlands
| | | | - Michiel Coppens
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Saskia E M Schols
- Department of Hematology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Frank W G Leebeek
- Department of Hematology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cees Smit
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | | | - Saskia le Cessie
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Erna C van Balen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Frits R Rosendaal
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Johanna G van der Bom
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Center for Clinical Transfusion Research, Sanquin Research, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Samantha C Gouw
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Emma Children's Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Centres, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
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27
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Guillet B, Cayla G, Lebreton A, Trillot N, Wibaut B, Falaise C, Castet S, Gautier P, Claeyssens S, Schved JF. Long-Term Antithrombotic Treatments Prescribed for Cardiovascular Diseases in Patients with Hemophilia: Results from the French Registry. Thromb Haemost 2021; 121:287-296. [PMID: 33099283 PMCID: PMC7895544 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1718410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a major issue in aging patients with hemophilia (PWHs). Antithrombotic agents are widely used in the general population for CVD treatment, but this recommendation is not fully applicable to PWHs. To improve treatment strategies, a prospective case-control study (COCHE) that analyzed CVD management and follow-up (2 years/patient) in PWHs was performed in France from 2011 to 2018. In total, 68 PWHs (median age: 65 years [39-89]; 48 mild, 10 moderate, and 10 severe hemophilia) were included (n = 50 with acute coronary syndrome, n = 17 with atrial fibrillation, n = 1 with both). They were matched with 68 control PWHs without antithrombotic treatment. In our series, bleeding was significantly influenced by (1) hemophilia severity, with a mean annualized bleeding ratio significantly higher in COCHE patients than in controls with basal clotting factor level up to 20%, (2) antihemorrhagic regimen (on-demand vs. prophylaxis) in severe (hazard ratio [HR] = 16.69 [95% confidence interval, CI: 8.2-47.26]; p < 0.0001) and moderate hemophilia (HR = 42.43 [95% CI: 1.86-966.1]; p = 0.0028), (3) type of antithrombotic treatment in mild hemophilia, with a significantly higher risk of bleeding in COCHE patients than in controls for dual-pathway therapy (HR = 15.64 [95% CI: 1.57-115.8]; p = 0.019), anticoagulant drugs alone (HR = 9.91 [95% CI: 1.34-73.47]; p = 0.0248), dual antiplatelet therapy (HR = 5.31 [95% CI: 1.23-22.92]; p = 0.0252), and single antiplatelet therapy (HR = 3.76 [95% CI: 1.13-12.55]; p = 0.0313); and (4) HAS-BLED score ≥3 (odds ratio [OR] = 33 [95% CI: 1.43-761.2]; p = 0.0065). Gastrointestinal bleeding was also significantly higher in COCHE patients than in controls (OR = 15 [95% CI: 1.84-268]; p = 0.0141). The COCHE study confirmed that antithrombotic treatments in PWHs are associated with increased bleeding rates in function of hemophilia-specific factors and also of known factors in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benoît Guillet
- Centre Régional de Traitement des Maladies Hémorragiques, CHU de Rennes, et Université de Rennes 1, France
- CHU Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), Univ Rennes, UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France
| | - Guillaume Cayla
- Service de Cardiologie CHU de Nîmes, Université de Montpellier, Nimes, France
| | - Aurélien Lebreton
- Centre Régional de Traitement des Hémophiles, CHU de Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Nathalie Trillot
- Centre Régional de Traitement des Hémophiles, CHU de Lille, France
| | - Bénédicte Wibaut
- Centre Régional de Traitement des Hémophiles, CHU de Lille, France
| | - Céline Falaise
- Centre Régional de Traitement des Hémophiles, CHU La Timone, Marseille, France
| | - Sabine Castet
- Centre Régional de Traitement des Hémophiles, CHU de Bordeaux, France
| | - Philippe Gautier
- Centre Régional de Traitement des Hémophiles, CHU de Caen, France
| | | | - Jean-François Schved
- Centre Régional de Traitement des Hémophiles, Hôpital Saint-Eloi, CHRU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
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28
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Zhao Y, Hu Y, Jin J, Zhao X, Wang X, Wu R, Wu D, Yang R, Yang F, Hu Q, Wang J, Fang H, Engl W. Phase 4 Safety and Efficacy Study of Antihemophilic Factor (Recombinant) in Previously Treated Chinese Patients With Severe/Moderately Severe Hemophilia A. Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2021; 27:1076029621989811. [PMID: 33587652 PMCID: PMC7890741 DOI: 10.1177/1076029621989811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Antihemophilic factor (recombinant) (rAHF; ADVATE®; Baxalta US Inc., a Takeda company, Lexington, MA, USA) is indicated for the treatment and prevention of bleeding in patients with hemophilia A. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of standard prophylaxis versus on-demand treatment with rAHF in previously treated Chinese patients with severe/moderately severe hemophilia A. This open-label, sequential, interventional, postapproval study (NCT02170402) conducted in China included patients of any age with hemophilia A with factor VIII (FVIII) level ≤2%. Patients received 6 months’ on-demand rAHF then 6 months’ rAHF prophylaxis (20-40 IU/kg every 48 ± 6 hours). The primary objective was percentage reduction in annualized bleeding rate (ABR) in the per-protocol analysis set (PPAS); secondary objectives included ABR by bleeding subtype, hemostatic efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety. Of 72 patients who received ≥1 rAHF dose, 61 were included in the PPAS. Total ABR was lower during prophylaxis (mean 2.5, 95% CI 1.5-3.7; median 0) versus on-demand treatment (mean 58.3, 95% CI 52.5-64.7; median 53.9), representing a 95.9% risk reduction. Similar findings in favor of prophylaxis were observed for all types of bleeding event by cause and location. rAHF hemostatic efficacy was rated as “excellent”/“good” in 96.1% of treated bleeding events. Transient FVIII inhibitors (0.6-1.7 BU) in 4 patients resolved before study end; no unexpected safety issues were observed. rAHF prophylaxis in this study of previously treated Chinese patients with severe/moderately severe hemophilia A resulted in a clear reduction in bleeding events versus rAHF on-demand treatment, with no change in safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yu Hu
- Union Hospital, 66375Tongji Medical College of Huazhong, Wuhan, China
| | - Jie Jin
- The First Affiliated Hospital of College of Medicine, 12377Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xielan Zhao
- 159374Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- 162762Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Runhui Wu
- 117984Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Depei Wu
- 74566The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow, China
| | - Renchi Yang
- Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng'e Yang
- 117890Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qun Hu
- 66375Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Hai Fang
- Shire BioScience (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., a Takeda Company, Shanghai, China
| | - Werner Engl
- Baxalta Innovations GmbH, a Takeda Company, Vienna, Austria
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Peng J, Yang H, Li J, Dai F, Wu J, Zhao X, Zheng C. Multidisciplinary Team Management of Severe Hemophilia A with Non-ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Int Med Case Rep J 2021; 14:15-20. [PMID: 33536794 PMCID: PMC7850465 DOI: 10.2147/imcrj.s289483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Elderly patients with hemophilia A have an increased risk of age-related thrombotic diseases, such as myocardial infarction. The relevant risk factors are comparable to those in the normal elderly population. However, their diagnosis and treatment are difficult. We report a case of a 53-year-old man with severe hemophilia A who presented with non-ST elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), and this is the first report of successful treatment of such a patient in China. The patient presented with chest tightness, palpitations, and dyspnea after excessive alcohol consumption. He developed hypotension and shock, which rapidly progressed to respiratory and cardiac arrest and loss of consciousness. Immediate cardiopulmonary resuscitation was initiated, along with respiratory and cardiovascular management. Hematologic management with factor VIII (FVIII) replacement therapy and concurrent aspirin coupled with enoxaparin sodium, were also employed. As the patient’s condition was diagnosed as acute NSTEMI, a percutaneous coronary intervention was not performed. The patient showed significant improvement after 1 month; he was able to walk independently and was discharged. Based on the medication order, the patient was continuously treated with FVIII prophylaxis, clopidogrel tablets, and atorvastatin tablets after discharge to prevent the recurrence of cardiovascular events. The acute coronary syndrome incidence rate is similar in patients with hemophilia and the general population. Multidisciplinary collaborative management is required. The multidisciplinary team needs to develop its diagnosis and treatment process flow, and treatment should be individualized using or anticoagulation/antiplatelet therapy based on the patient’s medical history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Peng
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hemophilia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongbin Yang
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hemophilia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hemophilia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Dai
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hemophilia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingsheng Wu
- Department of Hematology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
| | - Xielan Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hemophilia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - Changcheng Zheng
- Department of Hematology, Anhui Provincial Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, People's Republic of China
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30
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Pereira Guedes T, Garrido M, Kuttner Magalhães R, Moreira T, Rocha M, Maia L, Manuel Ferreira J, Morais S, Pedroto I. Long-Term Follow-Up of a Portuguese Single-Centre Cohort of Persons with Haemophilia and Hepatitis C Virus Infection. GE PORTUGUESE JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2021; 28:79-86. [PMID: 33791394 PMCID: PMC7991614 DOI: 10.1159/000510023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Persons with haemophilia (PWH) used to represent a population with a high prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection due to the use of contaminated blood products. Although the goals of antiviral therapy are the same as the general population, long real-life follow-up data regarding their outcomes are still scarce. Our aim was to report the outcomes of HCV infection and the results of antiviral therapy in PWH. METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed in a single-centre cohort of PWH with positive HCV antibody. Outcomes registered were rate of spontaneous clearance of HCV, sustained virologic response (SVR) achievement, development of end-stage liver disease, and all-cause and liver-related mortality. RESULTS Out of 131 PWH, 73 (55.7%) had positive HCV antibody. During a median follow-up time of 22 years, 46 patients (63.9%) developed chronic hepatitis C, of which 16 (34.8%) developed cirrhosis. Treatment was pursued in 34 PWH. Most (n = 32) were first treated with interferon (IFN)-based regimens with SVR rates of 40.6%. Direct-acting antivirals were used in 14 IFN-experienced and 2 naïve patients, with an overall SVR rate of 100%. Overall, 17 patients (23.3%) died during the follow-up, only 4 related to liver disease. Of these, none had achieved SVR. CONCLUSIONS We describe the outcomes of a cohort of Portuguese PWH and hepatitis C exposure after two decades of follow-up, with a lower mortality than previously described. Our response rates to HCV treatment were comparable to those in the general population and stress the importance of early treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Pereira Guedes
- Gastroenterology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Mónica Garrido
- Gastroenterology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Teresa Moreira
- Gastroenterology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Marta Rocha
- Gastroenterology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Luís Maia
- Gastroenterology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Manuel Ferreira
- Gastroenterology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Morais
- Haematology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Pedroto
- Gastroenterology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Abstract
BACKGROUND The risk of developing cancer increases with age and also adverse environmental conditions. The same holds true in the aging people with hemophilia (PwH). Furthermore, cancer is an important challenge for physicians working in multidisciplinary hemophilia care centers. AIM Here, the authors report 7 hemophiliacs with malignancies diagnosed and managed at our center. STUDY DESIGN Hemophilia A and B were included. METHOD Patients with mild, moderate, or severe hemophilia A or B, who were followed-up in our center between January 1999 and December 2018 were included in the study. A total of 470 PwH (391 Hemophilia A and 79 Hemophilia B) were followed in this time period. RESULTS With a minimum 1 and maximum 20 years (median: 11.5 y) of the following time, 7 of 470 (1.48%) PwH were diagnosed with cancer. The diagnosed cancer types were acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, thyroid cancer, rectum cancer, malign melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and gastric cancer. All patients except patients with leukemia had major surgical intervention and the hemostasis control was provided on the basis of institutional protocols. At the end of the study, all of the patients were alive besides the patient with acute myeloid leukemia. CONCLUSIONS Nowadays, the management of PwH has improved immensely and the life span has progressively become similar to healthy male individuals. For accurate improvement and standardizing care, prospective data collection on the epidemiology of cancer in PwH is an important tool.
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Pipe SW, Kruse‐Jarres R, Mahlangu JN, Pierce GF, Peyvandi F, Kuebler P, De Ford C, Sanabria F, Ko RH, Chang T, Hay CRM. Establishment of a framework for assessing mortality in persons with congenital hemophilia A and its application to an adverse event reporting database. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19 Suppl 1:21-31. [PMID: 33331042 PMCID: PMC7756842 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite recent therapeutic advances, life expectancy in persons with congenital hemophilia A (PwcHA) remains below that of the non-HA population. As new therapies are introduced, a uniform approach to the assessment of mortality is required for comprehensive evaluation of risk-benefit profiles, timely identification of emerging safety signals, and comparisons between treatments. OBJECTIVES Develop and test a framework for consistent reporting and analysis of mortality across past, current, and future therapies. PATIENTS/METHODS We identified known causes of mortality in PwcHA through literature review, analysis of the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database, and expert insights. Leading causes of death in general populations are those recognized by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the World Health Organization. We developed an algorithm for assessing fatalities in PwcHA and used this to categorize FAERS data as a proof of concept. RESULTS PwcHA share mortality causes with the non-HA population including cardiovascular disease, malignancy, infections, pulmonary disease, dementias, and trauma/suicide. Causes associated with HA include hemorrhage, thrombosis, human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus, and liver dysfunction. We propose an algorithm employing these classes to categorize fatalities and use it to classify FAERS fatality data between 01/01/2000 and 03/31/2020; the most common causes were hemorrhage (22.2%) and thrombosis (10.4%). CONCLUSIONS A conceptual framework for examining mortality in PwcHA receiving any hemophilia therapy is proposed to analyze and interpret fatalities, enabling consistent and objective assessment. Application of the framework using FAERS data suggests a generally consistent pattern of reported mortality across HA treatments, supporting the utility of this unified approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven W. Pipe
- Departments of Pediatrics and PathologyUniversity of Michigan Medical SchoolAnn ArborMIUSA
| | - Rebecca Kruse‐Jarres
- University of WashingtonSeattleWAUSA
- Washington Center for Bleeding DisordersSeattleWAUSA
| | | | | | - Flora Peyvandi
- IRCCS Fondazione Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore PoliclinicoAngelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis CenterMilanItaly
- Department of Pathophysiology and TransplantationUniversity of MilanMilanItaly
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Hay CRM, Nissen F, Pipe SW. Mortality in congenital hemophilia A - a systematic literature review. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19 Suppl 1:6-20. [PMID: 33331043 PMCID: PMC7839505 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Against a background of a rapidly evolving treatment landscape, a contemporary, evidence-based consolidated understanding of mortality in people with congenital hemophilia A (PwcHA) is lacking. This systematic literature review examines the available data on mortality and causes of death in PwcHA to enable a better understanding of fatalities in PwcHA and evaluate the impact of new treatment paradigms on mortality. A systematic literature review of observational studies was conducted by searching Medline, Embase, and clinical trials registries for articles published from January 2010 to March 2020, using the search terms: hemophilia A (HA), mortality, cause of death. Interventional studies, studies not reporting fatalities, and those reporting only on hemophilia B, acquired HA, or mixed other coagulopathies were excluded. Overall, 7818 unique records were identified and 17 were analyzed. Of these, six reported mortality rates and five reported mortality ratios. Mortality generally decreased over time, despite a spike associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the 1980s and 1990s. Mortality was strongly correlated with age and hemophilia severity. People with hemophilia had a raised mortality risk compared with the general population, particularly in severe hemophilia, and when infected with HIV or HCV. Causes of death varied across populations, countries, and time in 15 identified studies; however, incomplete and heterogeneous reporting limits evidence. Hemorrhage, HIV, HCV, and hepatic disease were the leading causes of death. A unified approach to reporting mortality and cause of death is needed to understand mortality in PwcHA as treatments continue to advance.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Steven W. Pipe
- Departments of Pediatrics and PathologyUniversity of MichiganAnn ArborMIUSA
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Di Minno MND, Di Minno A, Calcaterra I, Cimino E, Dell'Aquila F, Franchini M. Enhanced Half-Life Recombinant Factor VIII Concentrates for Hemophilia A: Insights from Pivotal and Extension Studies. Semin Thromb Hemost 2020; 47:32-42. [PMID: 33348412 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1718887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The development of enhanced half-life recombinant factor VIII (EHL-rFVIII) concentrates has improved the management of hemophilia. Furthermore, the chance of maintaining higher trough levels has allowed higher protection from bleeding and, in turn, improved safely performance for certain types of physical activity. The first technology used to improve the pharmacokinetic profile of factor VIII (FVIII) was fusion with the Fc domain of immunoglobulin G. More recently, conjugation to hydrophilic polymers of polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been demonstrated to prolong plasma half-life of FVIII by means of a reduction in clearance of the molecule due to steric hindrance by PEG covering the protein. Here we report results of a systematic review of pivotal studies on EHL-rFVIII concentrates. Significant heterogeneity is observed among different studies on EHL-rFVIII concentrates, and direct comparisons should be avoided. The annualized bleeding rate has ranged between 1.2 and 1.9 in different EHL-rFVIII concentrates, with a progressive further decrease during extension phases of pivotal studies. Zero bleeding was reported by 40 to 45% of patients. Overall, the emerging treatment options seem to be highly effective and safe, associated with a decreased dosing interval to twice weekly or less, which reduces, but does not entirely eliminate, the burden of treatment. Overall, further information is needed from real-life settings to permit differentiation between EHL-FVIII concentrates and for individualizing treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandro Di Minno
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II," Napoli, Italy
| | - Ilenia Calcaterra
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Ernesto Cimino
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Massimo Franchini
- Department of Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, "Carlo Poma" Hospital, Mantua, Italy
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Inhibitors and mortality in persons with nonsevere hemophilia A in the United States. Blood Adv 2020; 4:4739-4747. [PMID: 33007074 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2020002626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although persons with nonsevere hemophilia A (NSHA) account for about one-half of the hemophilia A population, epidemiological data in this subset of individuals are scarce. We set out to describe the clinical characteristics of persons with NSHA with inhibitors, and to determine mortality rates, predictors of mortality, and primary causes of death in persons with NSHA in the United States over a 9-year period (2010-2018). We queried the American Thrombosis and Hemostasis Network dataset (ATHNdataset) for information on demographics, inhibitor status, and date and cause of death. A total of 6624 persons with NSHA (86.0% men; 14.0% women) were observed for an average of 8.5 years; total 56 119 person-years . The prevalence of inhibitors was 2.6% (n = 171), occurring at a median age of 13 years. At the end of follow-up, 136 persons died at a median age of 63 years; an age-adjusted mortality rate of 3.3 deaths per 1000 person-years. Three deaths occurred in inhibitor participants. Presence of inhibitors was not associated with increased mortality risk (hazard ratio [HR], 0.7, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.2-2.3). Factors independently associated with increased risk of death (HR, 95% CI) were the following: age (10-year increase) (2.1, 2.0-2.4); male (2.6, 1.0-6.4); hepatitis C (2.2, 1.5-3.1); and HIV (3.6, 2.2-6.0). The most common primary cause of death was malignancy (n = 27, 20.0%). In persons with NSHA, the development of inhibitors occurred at an early age and was not associated with increased mortality.
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Lee H, Cho H, Han JW, Kim AY, Park S, Lee M, Cho S, Baik D, Kang HY. Cost-utility analysis of emicizumab prophylaxis in haemophilia A patients with factor VIII inhibitors in Korea. Haemophilia 2020; 27:e12-e21. [PMID: 32894895 DOI: 10.1111/hae.14143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Haemophilia A patients with factor VIII inhibitors (HAPI) experience frequent spontaneous bleeding, approximately once a week, and require expensive bypassing agent (BPA) treatments to control bleeding over their lifetime. According to the HAVEN 1 trial, weekly emicizumab (Hemlibra®) prophylaxis injection reduces annualized bleeding rates (ABR) by 87% compared with BPA on-demand treatment (BPA-OD) administered at the time of bleeding. Our study aimed to assess the cost-effectiveness of emicizumab prophylaxis in HAPI in Korea. METHODS Using a lifetime Markov model with health states of 'alive with bleeds' and 'dead', we simulated the experience of HAPI receiving emicizumab prophylaxis (treatment arm) or BPA-OD (control arm) and estimated expected clinical and economic outcomes under each treatment arm. Model parameters included comparative effectiveness, clinical and epidemiologic characteristics of Korean HAPI, costs of drug treatment and medical events and utility for 'alive with bleeds' state under each treatment. We utilized local data, including National Health Insurance claims data, national statistics, literature and expert surveys with haematologists. RESULTS Base-case analysis results showed that compared with BPA-OD, lifetime emicizumab prophylaxis prevented 807 bleedings, extended 3.04 quality-adjusted life-years and reduced costs by 2.6 million US dollars. Thus, emicizumab prophylaxis is a dominant treatment option with better effectiveness and lower costs than BPA-OD. A series of one-way sensitivity analyses consistently showed dominant results, confirming that lifetime emicizumab prophylaxis is a cost-saving intervention for HAPI. CONCLUSION Emicizumab prophylaxis is an excellent treatment choice reducing ABR, improving quality of life and reducing costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hankil Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, South Korea.,CONNECT-AI Research Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,Institute of Health Services Research, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyeonseok Cho
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Jung Woo Han
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea.,Department of Pediatric Hemato-oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University Health System, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ah-Young Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicine and Regulatory Sciences, Colleges of Medicine and Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Seonyoung Park
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicine and Regulatory Sciences, Colleges of Medicine and Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Minjun Lee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicine and Regulatory Sciences, Colleges of Medicine and Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Sunghwa Cho
- Department of Pharmaceutical Medicine and Regulatory Sciences, Colleges of Medicine and Pharmacy, Yonsei University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Deborah Baik
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, South Korea
| | - Hye-Young Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Yonsei Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Yonsei University, Incheon, South Korea
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Skjefstad K, Solberg O, Glosli H, von der Lippe C, Feragen KB. Life expectancy and cause of death in individuals with haemophilia A and B in Norway, 1986-2018. Eur J Haematol 2020; 105:608-615. [PMID: 32710483 DOI: 10.1111/ejh.13494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Evaluate trends over time in age- and cause of death in males with haemophilia (PWH) in Norway compared with the general male population and investigate its correlates with improvements in haemophilia treatment. METHODS Data about age and cause of death in the period of 1986-2018, from two independent, high-quality national registries: the Norwegian Cause of Death Registry (NCoDR) and the patient registry at Centre for Rare Disorders (CRD), Oslo University Hospital. RESULTS Life expectancy increased significantly from 1986 to 2018. However, PWH still had a decreased mean age at death of 56.8 years (SD = 24.7) in the NCoDR and 58.6 years (SD = 21.7) in the CRD data, compared with 73.9 years (SD = 16.3) in the general male population. There was a distinct shift in the most frequently reported haemophilia-related causes of death, such as haemorrhage and AIDS, to more age-related causes of death, such as cancer, reflecting an ageing population. CONCLUSION Haemophilia treatment has improved significantly in the last three decades. Despite treatment-related improvements, PWH in Norway still have a decreased life expectancy compared with the general male population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaja Skjefstad
- Centre for Rare Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Olga Solberg
- Centre for Rare Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heidi Glosli
- Centre for Rare Disorders, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Pediatric Research, Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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Zhou ZY, Raimundo K, Patel AM, Han S, Ji Y, Fang H, Zhong J, Betts KA, Mahajerin A. Model of Short- and Long-Term Outcomes of Emicizumab Prophylaxis Treatment for Persons with Hemophilia A. J Manag Care Spec Pharm 2020; 26:1109-1120. [PMID: 32452276 PMCID: PMC10391239 DOI: 10.18553/jmcp.2020.19406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hemophilia A (HA) can result in bleeding events because of low or absent clotting factor VIII (FVIII). Prophylactic treatment for severe HA includes replacement FVIII infusions and emicizumab, a bispecific factor IXa- and factor X-directed antibody. OBJECTIVE To develop an economic model to predict the short- and long-term clinical and economic outcomes of prophylaxis with emicizumab versus short-acting recombinant FVIII among persons with HA in the United States. METHODS A Markov model was developed to compare clinical outcomes and costs of emicizumab versus FVIII prophylaxis among persons with severe HA from U.S. payer and societal perspectives. Patients started prophylaxis at age 1 year in the base case. Mutually exclusive health states considered were "no arthropathy," "arthropathy," "surgery," and "death." Serious adverse events, breakthrough bleeds, and inhibitor development were simulated throughout the modeled time horizon. In addition to the prophylaxis drug costs, patients could incur other direct costs related to breakthrough bleeds treatment, serious adverse events, development of inhibitors, arthropathy, and orthopedic surgery. Indirect costs associated with productivity loss (i.e., missed work or disabilities) were applied for adults. Model inputs were obtained from the HAVEN 3 trial, published literature, and expert opinion. The model used a lifetime horizon, and results for 1 year and 5 years were also reported. Deterministic sensitivity analyses and scenario analyses were conducted to assess robustness of the model. RESULTS Over a lifetime horizon, the cumulative number of all treated bleeds and joint bleeds avoided on emicizumab versus FVIII prophylaxis were 278.2 and 151.7, respectively. Correspondingly, arthropathy (mean age at onset: 12.9 vs. 5.4 years) and FVIII inhibitor development (mean age at development: 13.9 vs. 1.1 years) were delayed. Total direct and indirect costs were lower for emicizumab versus FVIII prophylaxis for all modeled time horizons ($97,159 vs. $331,610 at 1 year; $603,146 vs. $1,459,496 at 5 years; and $15,238,072 vs. $22,820,281 over a lifetime horizon). The sensitivity analyses indicated that clinical outcomes were sensitive to efficacy inputs, while economic outcomes were driven by the discount rate, dosing schedules, and treatments after inhibitor development. Results for moderate to severe patients were consistent with findings in the severe HA population. CONCLUSIONS The model suggests that emicizumab prophylaxis confers additional clinical benefits, resulting in a lower number of bleeding events and delayed onset of arthropathy and inhibitor development across all time assessment horizons. Compared with short-acting recombinant FVIII, emicizumab prophylaxis leads to superior patient outcomes and cost savings from U.S. payer and societal perspectives. DISCLOSURES Funding for this study was provided by Genentech. Raimundo and Patel are employees of Genentech and own stock or stock options. Zhou, Han, Ji, Fang, Zhong, and Betts are employees of Analysis Group, which received consultancy fees from Genentech for conducting this study. Mahajerin received consultancy fees from Genentech for work on this study. Portions of this research were presented as a poster at the 2018 American Society of Hematology Conference; December 1-4, 2018; San Diego, CA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Yusi Ji
- Analysis Group, Beijing, China
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Goldscheitter G, Recht M, Sochacki P, Manco-Johnson M, Taylor JA. Biomarkers of bone disease in persons with haemophilia. Haemophilia 2020; 27:149-155. [PMID: 32856388 DOI: 10.1111/hae.13986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Persons with haemophilia (PwH) have abnormally low bone density and increased risk of fractures. We previously demonstrated decreased skeletal health in factor VIII (FVIII)-deficient mice. Thus, we hypothesized factor deficiency is an independent risk factor for decreased skeletal health. AIM We seek to identify differences in bone-related cytokine expression among PwH and healthy controls. METHODS We evaluated plasma samples from 79 participants with severe FVIII deficiency and 51 age-matched healthy controls. Plasma samples were assessed for RANKL and OPG, cytokines that regulate bone metabolism, and CTX-1, a biomarker for bone resorption, as well as 10 bone-related cytokines. RESULTS CTX-1 is higher among samples from FVIII-deficient participants compared to controls (P < .01) but not among participants with recent factor use (within 24 hours of sample collection) (P = .21). Among PwH greater than 16 years of age (PwH ≥ 16), OPG is increased with recent factor use (P < .01) but not without (P = .34). Lower levels of TNF-α (P < .01), interleukin (IL)-12 (P < .01) and IL-10 (P < .001) were found among samples from PwH. Controlling for subject age, IL-12 and IL-10 levels are lower in PwH ≥ 16 (P < .01, P < .001) but not PwH under 16 (PwH < 16) (P > .05). Levels of TNF-α were lower among PwH < 16 only (P < .05). These differences are not observed in participants with recent factor use. CONCLUSIONS In PwH, markers of bone metabolism and circulating cytokine levels are abnormal. Recent factor use reverses many of these differences suggesting FVIII replacement ameliorates this pathology. This study suggests bone disease present in PwH is intrinsic to FVIII deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Recht
- The Hemophilia Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - Marilyn Manco-Johnson
- Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Jason A Taylor
- Portland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Portland, OR, USA.,The Hemophilia Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
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Martins ML, Chaves DG, da Silva-Malta MCF, Bolina-Santos E, Barbosa-Stancioli EF, Carmo RA. Hepatitis C and history of FVIII inhibitor development in a long-term cohort of Brazilian patients with haemophilia A. Haemophilia 2020; 26:e130-e133. [PMID: 32072732 DOI: 10.1111/hae.13944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eduarda Bolina-Santos
- Laboratório de Virologia Básica e Aplicada, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Edel Figueiredo Barbosa-Stancioli
- Laboratório de Virologia Básica e Aplicada, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Left atrial appendage closure: a balanced management of the thromboembolic risk in patients with hemophilia and atrial fibrillation. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2020; 50:668-673. [DOI: 10.1007/s11239-020-02097-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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Kloosterman F, Zwagemaker A, Abdi A, Gouw S, Castaman G, Fijnvandraat K. Hemophilia management: Huge impact of a tiny difference. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2020; 4:377-385. [PMID: 32211572 PMCID: PMC7086468 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemophilia A and B are inherited X-linked disorders of hemostasis, associated with an increased bleeding tendency. Patients with severe hemophilia have undetectable clotting factor levels and experience spontaneous bleeds. In patients with nonsevere hemophilia, the clotting factor levels are 2% to 40% of normal and bleeds predominantly occur after provocative events such as trauma and surgery. Despite this milder phenotype, patients with nonsevere hemophilia may suffer from considerable morbidity and have an increased mortality risk. However, many aspects of the course of disease and treatment remain unclear. Information on the factors influencing interindividual differences in bleeding phenotype is lacking, and misdiagnosis may occur due to assay discrepancies in the diagnostic workup. Desmopressin is the preferred treatment modality, but some patients and indications require treatment with clotting factor concentrates. This may elicit inhibitor formation, which is associated with an increased burden of disease and a higher mortality rate. It has been found that patients with nonsevere hemophilia A carry a lifelong risk for this serious complication. In this review, we provide an overview of the current knowledge of the diagnosis and management of nonsevere hemophilia. A report of science presented at the International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis 2019 Annual Congress is also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabienne Kloosterman
- Pediatric HematologyAmsterdam UMCEmma Children's HospitalUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Anne‐Fleur Zwagemaker
- Pediatric HematologyAmsterdam UMCEmma Children's HospitalUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Amal Abdi
- Pediatric HematologyAmsterdam UMCEmma Children's HospitalUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | - Samantha Gouw
- Pediatric HematologyAmsterdam UMCEmma Children's HospitalUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Clinical EpidemiologyLeiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - Giancarlo Castaman
- Department of OncologyCenter for Bleeding DisordersCareggi University HospitalFlorenceItaly
| | - Karin Fijnvandraat
- Pediatric HematologyAmsterdam UMCEmma Children's HospitalUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
- Department of Molecular Cellular HemostasisSanquin ResearchAmsterdamThe Netherlands
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Mannucci PM. Hemophilia therapy: the future has begun. Haematologica 2020; 105:545-553. [PMID: 32060150 PMCID: PMC7049365 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.232132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The success story of hemophilia care first began in the 1970s, when the availability of plasma-derived concentrates of coagulation factor VIII (FVIII) and factor IX (FIX) provided efficacious treatment of bleeding in patients with hemophilia A and B. This positive scenario was consolidated in terms of greater safety and availability in the 1990s, when the first recombinant coagulation factors were produced. This meant that, instead of only treating episodic bleeding events, prophylaxis regimens could be implemented as a preventive measure. Following the demonstration of its superiority in the frame of two randomized clinical trials, prophylaxis became evidence-based standard of care. In high-income countries, these achievements have led to a patients’ life expectancy being extended to close to that of the general male population. Alongside this, the last decade has witnessed further spectacular therapeutic progress, such as the availability of coagulation factors with a longer plasma half-life that allow for wider intervals between treatment. Moreover, new therapeutic products based on new mechanisms other than the replacement of the deficient factor, have become available (emicizumab) or are at an advanced stage of development. This review celebrates the success story of hemophilia care, while also discussing current limitations, issues and as yet unmet needs. The prospects of cure by means of gene therapy are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier Mannuccio Mannucci
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Milan, Italy
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44
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Mannucci PM. Benefits and limitations of extended plasma half-life factor VIII products in hemophilia A. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2020; 29:303-309. [DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2020.1723547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pier Mannuccio Mannucci
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center, Milan, Italy
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Zong Y, Maanja M, Chaireti R, Schlegel TT, Ugander M, Antovic JP. Substantial prevalence of subclinical cardiovascular diseases in patients with hemophilia A evaluated by advanced electrocardiography. J Electrocardiol 2020; 58:171-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelectrocard.2019.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Soares BMD, Simeoni LA, de Almeida KJQ, de Souza JL, Mizusaki Imoto A, Swain Braverman M, Bezerra LB, Ribeiro AJT, Costa AM, Amorim FF. Factors Associated with Compliance with the Treatment Protocol and Mortality in Adults with Hemophilia. Patient Prefer Adherence 2020; 14:2279-2285. [PMID: 33262579 PMCID: PMC7691649 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s279401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hemophilia is associated with a high prevalence of disabilities and mortality. This finding can be influenced by patient compliance with the treatment protocol. This study aims to identify compliance with a treatment protocol in adult patients with hemophilia and to evaluate the factors associated with and the impact on mortality of noncompliance with a hemophilia treatment protocol. METHODS This was a cross-sectional study that was performed between June 2015 and May 2016, followed by a cohort to evaluate mortality until July 2019 that included all adult patients with hemophilia registered in the Federal District, Brazil. RESULTS Among 138 patients enrolled in the study, 35 patients were compliant with all items of the treatment protocol (25.4%). Regarding each item, compliance with the medical consultations was 71.0% (98/138); the clotting factor regimen was 65.9% (91/138); and the serological tests were 51.4% (71/138). The mortality was 7.2% (10/138). Noncompliance with any aspect of the protocol was associated with mortality: medical consultations (p<0.001), clotting factor regimen (p=0.013), and serological tests (p=0.006). All deaths occurred in those who did not comply with the protocol, and the majority were due to bleeding. Patients who were noncompliant with all protocol items showed the highest mortality (50.0%, 5/10). Treatment at the hemophilia treatment center (OR: 2.388; 95% CI: 1.052-5.418, p=0.037) was positively and independently associated with compliance with the protocol in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION Noncompliance with the treatment protocol was high. Treatment at a hemophilia treatment center was positively and independently associated with compliance with the protocol, which reinforces the importance of comprehensive care by a multidisciplinary team.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Mac Dowell Soares
- School of Medicine, Higher Education School of Health Sciences (ESCS), Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde Campos Univ, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia (UnB) – Brasília, Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde Campos Univ, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
- Correspondence: Beatriz Mac Dowell Soares School of Medicine, Escola Superior de Ciências da Saúde (ESCS), SMHN Conjunto A Bloco 01 Edifício Fepecs – Asa Norte, Brasília – DF, BrasíliaCEP: 70710-907, Federal District, Brazil, Tel +55 61999836446 Email
| | - Luiz Alberto Simeoni
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia (UnB) – Brasília, Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde Campos Univ, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Karlo Jozefo Quadros de Almeida
- School of Medicine, Higher Education School of Health Sciences (ESCS), Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde Campos Univ, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Lima de Souza
- School of Medicine, Higher Education School of Health Sciences (ESCS), Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde Campos Univ, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Aline Mizusaki Imoto
- School of Medicine, Higher Education School of Health Sciences (ESCS), Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde Campos Univ, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
- Brasília Hemocentro Foundation (FHB), SMHN Conjunto A Bloco 3, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Melina Swain Braverman
- Brasília Hemocentro Foundation (FHB), SMHN Conjunto A Bloco 3, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Lucas Barbosa Bezerra
- School of Medicine, Higher Education School of Health Sciences (ESCS), Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde Campos Univ, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Jorge Teixeira Ribeiro
- School of Medicine, Higher Education School of Health Sciences (ESCS), Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde Campos Univ, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
- Brasília Hemocentro Foundation (FHB), SMHN Conjunto A Bloco 3, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Costa
- School of Medicine, Higher Education School of Health Sciences (ESCS), Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde Campos Univ, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
| | - Fábio Ferreira Amorim
- School of Medicine, Higher Education School of Health Sciences (ESCS), Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde Campos Univ, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Brasilia (UnB) – Brasília, Faculdade de Ciências de Saúde Campos Univ, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil
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van der Valk PR, Mauser-Bunschoten EP, van der Heijden JF, Schutgens REG. Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation in Patients with Hemophilia or von Willebrand Disease. TH OPEN 2019; 3:e335-e339. [PMID: 31656943 PMCID: PMC6813037 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1698756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Management of atrial fibrillation (AF) is complex in patients with bleeding disorders. Catheter ablation such as pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) has been suggested in cases with bleeding disorders. However, data on safety are missing. This report describes the outcome of PVI in patients with bleeding disorders.
Methods
A retrospective study in our hemophilia treatment center of patients who underwent a PVI in 2014 to 2018. PVI was done according to local protocol. Clotting factor was given periprocedural. Postprocedural anticoagulation was given for at least 4 weeks, with clotting factor suppletion if needed to maintain factor VIII (FVIII) levels >0.20 IU/mL.
Results and Discussion
Five patients with hemophilia and one with von Willebrand disease were included. Eight PVIs were performed. Target FVIII levels (>0.80 IU/mL) were met before the procedure. Postprocedural anticoagulation was given: vitamin K antagonist (VKA) or direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) dabigatran. All patients obtained long-term sinus rhythm, in two patients after a second PVI. However, late recurrent AF occurred in one patient after 42 months. A notable incidence of groin bleeds was observed: two of eight interventions (25%) compared with 0.9% in the general population. Bleeding seemed to be related to agitation, early mobilization, and bridging of VKA with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). No relevant bleeding was observed when on DOAC therapy.
Conclusion
PVI seems to be effective in the case of bleeding disorders. To reduce the groin bleeds agitation and early mobilization should be avoided and DOAC is preferred over bridging VKA with LMWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul R van der Valk
- Van Creveldkliniek, University Medical Center, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Roger E G Schutgens
- Van Creveldkliniek, University Medical Center, University Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Balen EC, Krawczyk M, Gue D, Jackson S, Gouw SC, Bom JG, Sawatzky R. Patient‐centred care in haemophilia: Patient perspectives on visualization and participation in decision‐making. Haemophilia 2019; 25:938-945. [DOI: 10.1111/hae.13830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Erna C. Balen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Marian Krawczyk
- Lord Kelvin Adam Smith Fellow, School of Interdisciplinary Studies University of Glasgow Glasgow UK
- School of Nursing Trinity Western University Langley Canada
- Centre for Health Evaluation & Outcome Sciences Providence Health Care Research Institute Vancouver Canada
| | - Deborah Gue
- British Columbia Provincial Bleeding Disorders Program ‐ Adult Division St. Paul’s Hospital Vancouver Canada
| | - Shannon Jackson
- British Columbia Provincial Bleeding Disorders Program ‐ Adult Division St. Paul’s Hospital Vancouver Canada
| | - Samantha C. Gouw
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Hematology, Emma Children’s Hospital Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands
| | - Johanna G. Bom
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology Leiden University Medical Center Leiden The Netherlands
- Sanquin Research Center for Clinical Transfusion Research Leiden The Netherlands
| | - Richard Sawatzky
- School of Nursing Trinity Western University Langley Canada
- Centre for Health Evaluation & Outcome Sciences Providence Health Care Research Institute Vancouver Canada
- Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
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49
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You CW, Baek HJ, Park SK, Park YS, Shin HJ, Engl W, Tangada S. Subgroup analysis of a phase 2/3 study of rurioctocog alfa pegol in patients with severe hemophilia A: efficacy and safety in previously treated Korean patients. Blood Res 2019; 54:198-203. [PMID: 31730687 PMCID: PMC6779944 DOI: 10.5045/br.2019.54.3.198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The efficacy and safety of extended half-life, full-length, pegylated recombinant factor VIII rurioctocog alfa pegol [BAX 855, ADYNOVATE (USA)/ADYNOVI (Europe); Baxalta US Inc., a Takeda company, Lexington, MA, USA] was investigated in previously treated Korean patients with severe hemophilia A (HA). Methods A post hoc data analysis from the international, multicenter, phase 2/3 PROLONG-ATE study of rurioctocog alfa pegol in patients with severe HA (NCT01736475) determined annualized bleeding rates (ABRs) and rates of adverse events (AEs) in Korean patients treated in this study. Results All 10 enrolled Korean patients receiving rurioctocog alfa pegol (9 prophylaxis, 1 on-demand) completed the study [median (range) age, 28.0 (12–50) yr; weight, 64.8 (45–90) kg; 8 patients had ≥1 target joint at screening]. Median (range) ABR was 1.9 (0.0–14.5) for patients on prophylaxis and 62.2 for the patient receiving on-demand treatment. The hemostatic efficacy of rurioctocog alfa pegol was rated “excellent” or “good” and only single infusions were required per bleeding episode. ABRs improved in most patients compared with prestudy values. No dose adjustments were required for prophylaxis, and the dosing frequency was reduced in 8 patients, compared with their previous prophylaxis regimen. No serious AEs were reported; all 9 nonserious AEs (in 3 patients) were mild in severity and unrelated to the study treatment. Conclusion This post hoc analysis of a small group of Korean patients with severe HA indicated that rurioctocog alfa pegol was effective, and no serious AEs were observed. For most patients, the dosing frequency was also reduced compared with their previous regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hee Jo Baek
- Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | | | | | - Ho-Jin Shin
- Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Werner Engl
- Baxalta Innovations GmbH, a Takeda Company, Vienna, Austria
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50
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Aging with Hemophilia: The Challenge of Appropriate Drug Prescription. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2019; 11:e2019056. [PMID: 31528322 PMCID: PMC6736229 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2019.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In high-income countries persons with severe hemophilia (PWH) A and B are aging, like their age-matched peers without hemophilia from the general population. Aging is associated not only with the comorbidities stemming from their inherited bleeding disorder (arthropathy, chronic viral infections such as hepatitis and AIDS) but also with the multiple chronic ailments associated with aging (cancer, cardiovascular disease, COPD). Multimorbidity is inevitably associated with polypharmacy, i.e., the chronic daily intake of at least five drugs, and with the related risk of severe adverse events associated with the use of inappropriate drugs and drug-drug interactions. Information on the pattern of drug prescription and usage by PWH is relatively scanty, but on the whole, the available data indicate that the rate of polypharmacy, as well as the risk of drug-drug interaction, is relatively low in PWH and better than that in their age peers without hemophilia followed by general practitioners. It is believed that this advantage results from the collaborative coordination on drug prescribing exerted, through their integration with practitioners and organ specialists, by specialized hemophilia treatment centers in the frame of comprehensive care programs. However, the available cross-sectional data were mainly obtained in relatively young PWH, so that there is a need to obtain more accurate data from the ongoing prospective studies that are being carried out in more and more progressively aging PWH.
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