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Maggioni D, Schuchert P, Ostrovsky AN, Schiavo A, Hoeksema BW, Pica D, Piraino S, Arrigoni R, Seveso D, Montalbetti E, Galli P, Montano S. Systematics and character evolution of capitate hydrozoans. Cladistics 2024; 40:107-134. [PMID: 38112464 DOI: 10.1111/cla.12567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Capitate hydrozoans are a morphologically and ecologically diverse hydrozoan suborder, currently including about 200 species. Being grouped in two clades, Corynida and Zancleida, these hydrozoans still show a number of taxonomic uncertainties at the species, genus and family levels. Many Capitata species established symbiotic relationships with other benthic organisms, including bryozoans, other cnidarians, molluscs and poriferans, as well as with planktonic dinoflagellates for mixotrophic relationships and with bacteria for thiotrophic ectosymbioses. Our study aimed at providing an updated and comprehensive phylogeny reconstruction of the suborder, at modelling the evolution of selected morphological and ecological characters, and at testing evolutionary relationships between the symbiotic lifestyle and the other characters, by integrating taxonomic, ecological and evolutionary data. The phylogenetic hypotheses here presented shed light on the evolutionary relationships within Capitata, with most families and genera being recovered as monophyletic. The genus Zanclea and family Zancleidae, however, were divided into four divergent clades, requiring the establishment of the new genus Apatizanclea and the new combinations for species in Zanclea and Halocoryne genera. The ancestral state reconstructions revealed that symbiosis arose multiple times in the evolutionary history of the Capitata, and that homoplasy is a common phenomenon in the group. Correlations were found between the evolution of symbiosis and morphological characters, such as the perisarc. Overall, our results highlighted that the use of genetic data and a complete knowledge of the life cycles are strongly needed to disentangle taxonomic and systematic issues in capitate hydrozoans. Finally, the colonization of tropical habitat appears to have influenced the evolution of a symbiotic lifestyle, playing important roles in the evolution of the group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Maggioni
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences (BtBs), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, 20126, Italy
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, 20126, Italy
- Marine Research and Higher Education (MaRHE) Center, University of Milano-Bicocca, Faafu Magoodhoo Island, 12030, Maldives
| | | | - Andrew N Ostrovsky
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- Department of Palaeontology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Geography and Astronomy, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Andrea Schiavo
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Polytechnic University of Milan, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Bert W Hoeksema
- Marine Evolution and Ecology Group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, 2333 CR, The Netherlands
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Daniela Pica
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Calabria Marine Centre, Amendolara, 87071, Italy
| | - Stefano Piraino
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, 73100, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium for Marine Science (CoNISMa), Rome, 00196, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, 90133, Italy
| | - Roberto Arrigoni
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms (BEOM), Genoa Marine Centre (GMC), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn - National Institute of Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Genoa, 16126, Italy
| | - Davide Seveso
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, 20126, Italy
- Marine Research and Higher Education (MaRHE) Center, University of Milano-Bicocca, Faafu Magoodhoo Island, 12030, Maldives
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, 90133, Italy
| | - Enrico Montalbetti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, 20126, Italy
- Marine Research and Higher Education (MaRHE) Center, University of Milano-Bicocca, Faafu Magoodhoo Island, 12030, Maldives
| | - Paolo Galli
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, 20126, Italy
- Marine Research and Higher Education (MaRHE) Center, University of Milano-Bicocca, Faafu Magoodhoo Island, 12030, Maldives
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, 90133, Italy
| | - Simone Montano
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, 20126, Italy
- Marine Research and Higher Education (MaRHE) Center, University of Milano-Bicocca, Faafu Magoodhoo Island, 12030, Maldives
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, 90133, Italy
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2
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Mihaela M, Adrian T, Tatiana B. First record of the hydrozoan Podocorynoides minima in the Romanian Black Sea waters. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01051-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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3
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Penney MS, Rawlings TA. An Examination of Shallow-Water Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa, Hydroidolina) in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, Using Morphology and DNA Barcoding. Northeast Nat (Steuben) 2021. [DOI: 10.1656/045.028.m1801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew S.A. Penney
- Department of Biology, Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, NS B1P 6L2, Canada
| | - Timothy A. Rawlings
- Department of Biology, Cape Breton University, 1250 Grand Lake Road, Sydney, NS B1P 6L2, Canada
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Moura CJ, Collins AG, Santos RS, Lessios H. Predominant east to west colonizations across major oceanic barriers: Insights into the phylogeographic history of the hydroid superfamily Plumularioidea, suggested by a mitochondrial DNA barcoding marker. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:13001-13016. [PMID: 31871625 PMCID: PMC6912911 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We provide preliminary insights into the global phylogeographic and evolutionary patterns across species of the hydrozoan superfamily Plumularioidea (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). We analyzed 1,114 16S sequences of 198 putative species of Plumularioidea collected worldwide. We investigated genetic connections and divergence in relation to present-day and ancient biogeographic barriers, climate changes and oceanic circulation. Geographical distributions of most species are generally more constrained than previously assumed. Some species able to raft are dispersed widely. Human-mediated dispersal explains some wide geographical ranges. Trans-Atlantic genetic connections are presently unlikely for most of the tropical-temperate species, but were probably more frequent until the Miocene-Pliocene transition, before restriction of the Tethys Sea and the Central American Seaway. Trans-Atlantic colonizations were predominantly directed westwards through (sub)tropical waters. The Azores were colonized multiple times and through different routes, mainly from the east Atlantic, at least since the Pliocene. Extant geminate clades separated by the Isthmus of Panama have predominantly Atlantic origin. Various ancient colonizations mainly directed from the Indian Ocean to the Atlantic occurred through the Tethys Sea and around South Africa in periods of lower intensity of the Benguela upwelling. Thermal tolerance, population sizes, dispersal strategies, oceanic currents, substrate preference, and land barriers are important factors for dispersal and speciation of marine hydroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos J. Moura
- MARE‐IMAR‐OKEANOSDepartment of Oceanography and FisheriesUniversity of the AzoresHortaPortugal
- National Systematics LaboratoryNOAA's National Marine Fisheries ServiceSmithsonian National Museum of Natural HistoryWashingtonDCUSA
- Smithsonian Tropical Research InstituteBalboaPanamá
| | - Allen G. Collins
- National Systematics LaboratoryNOAA's National Marine Fisheries ServiceSmithsonian National Museum of Natural HistoryWashingtonDCUSA
| | - Ricardo S. Santos
- MARE‐IMAR‐OKEANOSDepartment of Oceanography and FisheriesUniversity of the AzoresHortaPortugal
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Prudkovsky AA, Ekimova IA, Neretina TV. A case of nascent speciation: unique polymorphism of gonophores within hydrozoan Sarsia lovenii. Sci Rep 2019; 9:15567. [PMID: 31664107 PMCID: PMC6820802 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-52026-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Revealing the mechanisms of life cycle changes is critical for understanding the processes driving hydrozoan evolution. Our analysis of mitochondrial (COI, 16S) and nuclear (ITS1 and ITS2) gene fragments resulted in the discovery of unique polymorphism in the life cycle of Sarsia lovenii from the White Sea. This polymorphic species exhibits two types of gonophores: hydroids produce both free-swimming medusae and attached medusoids (phenotypic polymorphism). Our phylogenetic analysis revealed the intrinsic genetic structure of S. lovenii (genetic polymorphism). Two haplogroups inhabiting the White Sea differ in their reproductive modes. Haplogroup 1 produces attached medusoids, and haplogroup 2 produces free-swimming medusae. Our experiments indicated the possibility of free interbreeding between haplogroups that likely is a rare event in the sea. We propose that inter-haplogroup crossing of S. lovenii in the White Sea may be limited by discordance in periods of spawning or by spatial differences in habitat of spawning specimens. Our finding can be interpreted as a case of nascent speciation that illustrates the patterns of repeated medusa loss in hydrozoan evolution. Life cycle traits of S. lovenii may be useful for elucidating the molecular mechanisms of medusa reduction in hydrozoans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irina A Ekimova
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatiana V Neretina
- Pertsov White Sea Biological Station, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Miglietta MP, Piraino S, Pruski S, Alpizar Gonzalez M, Castellanos-Iglesias S, Jerónimo-Aguilar S, W. Lawley J, Maggioni D, Martell L, Matsumoto Y, Moncada A, Nagale P, Phongphattarawat S, Sheridan C, Soto Àngel JJ, Sukhoputova A, Collin R. An integrative identification guide to the Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Bocas del Toro, Panama. NEOTROPICAL BIODIVERSITY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/23766808.2018.1488656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Pia Miglietta
- Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USsa
| | - Stefano Piraino
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, DISTEBA, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy
| | - Sarah Pruski
- Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USsa
| | | | | | | | | | - Davide Maggioni
- Marine Research and High Education (MaRHE) Center, Republic of Maldives
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Territorio e dell’Ambiente (DISAT), Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, Milano, ITALY
| | - Luis Martell
- Department of Natural History, University Museum of Bergen, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Yui Matsumoto
- Department of Marine Biology, Texas A&M University at Galveston, Galveston, Texas, USsa
| | - Andrea Moncada
- Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, Universitat de València, València, Spain
| | - Pooja Nagale
- Department of Conservation, Bombay Natural History Society, India
| | | | - Carolina Sheridan
- Rodríguez, Biology school, Universidad de Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Joan J. Soto Àngel
- Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva, Universitat de València, València, Spain
| | - Alena Sukhoputova
- Department of Biological Evolution, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Rachel Collin
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa Ancon, Panama
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7
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Mendoza-Becerril MA, Jaimes-Becerra AJ, Collins AG, Marques AC. Phylogeny and morphological evolution of the so-called bougainvilliids (Hydrozoa, Hydroidolina). ZOOL SCR 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Allen G. Collins
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology; Smithsonian Institution; Washington DC USA
- National Systematics Laboratory of NOAA's Fisheries Service; National Museum of Natural History; Washington DC USA
| | - Antonio C. Marques
- Department of Zoology; Institute of Biosciences; University of São Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
- Center for Marine Biology; University of São Paulo; São Sebastião São Paulo Brazil
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Nikinmaa M, Götting M. DNA Barcoding Marine Biodiversity: Steps from Mere Cataloguing to Giving Reasons for Biological Differences. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1452:169-82. [PMID: 27460377 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-3774-5_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
DNA barcoding has become a useful tool in many contexts and has opened up a completely new avenue for taxonomy. DNA barcoding has its widest application in biodiversity and ecological research to detect and describe diversity whenever morphological discrimination is difficult or impossible (e.g., in the case of species lacking diagnostic characters, early life stages, or cryptic species). In this chapter, we outline the utility of including physiological parameters as part of species description in publicly available databases that catalog taxonomic information resulting from barcoding projects. Cryptic species or different life stages of a species often differ in their physiological traits. Thus, if physiological aspects were included in species definitions, the presently cryptic species could be distinguished. We furthermore give suggestions for physiological information that should be included in a species description and describe potential applications of DNA barcoding for research with physiological components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikko Nikinmaa
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, 20014, Finland.
| | - Miriam Götting
- Department of Biology, University of Turku, Turku, 20014, Finland
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Postaire B, Gélin P, Bruggemann JH, Pratlong M, Magalon H. Population differentiation or species formation across the Indian and the Pacific Oceans? An example from the brooding marine hydrozoan Macrorhynchia phoenicea. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:8170-8186. [PMID: 29075441 PMCID: PMC5648676 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Assessing population connectivity is necessary to construct effective marine protected areas. This connectivity depends, among other parameters, inherently on species dispersal capacities. Isolation by distance (IBD) is one of the main modes of differentiation in marine species, above all in species presenting low dispersal abilities. This study reports the genetic structuring in the tropical hydrozoan Macrorhynchia phoenicea α (sensu Postaire et al., 2016a), a brooding species, from 30 sampling sites in the Western Indian Ocean and the Tropical Southwestern Pacific, using 15 microsatellite loci. At the local scale, genet dispersal relied on asexual propagation at short distance, which was not found at larger scales. Considering one representative per clone, significant positive FIS values (from −0.327*** to 0.411***) were found within almost all sites. Gene flow was extremely low at all spatial scales, among sites within islands (<10 km distance) and among islands (100 to >11,000 km distance), with significant pairwise FST values (from 0.035*** to 0.645***). A general pattern of IBD was found at the Indo‐Pacific scale, but also within ecoregions in the Western Indian Ocean province. Clustering and network analyses identified each island as a potential independent population, while analysis of molecular variance indicated that population genetic differentiation was significant at small (within island) and intermediate (among islands within province) spatial scales. As shown by this species, a brooding life cycle might be corollary of the high population differentiation found in some coastal marine species, thwarting regular dispersal at distances more than a few kilometers and probably leading to high cryptic diversity, each island housing independent evolutionary lineages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bautisse Postaire
- UMR ENTROPIE Université de La Réunion/CNRS/IRD Université de La Réunion Saint Denis France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL Perpignan France.,IMBE UMR 7263 Aix Marseille Université/CNRS/IRD/Avignon Université Marseille France
| | - Pauline Gélin
- UMR ENTROPIE Université de La Réunion/CNRS/IRD Université de La Réunion Saint Denis France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL Perpignan France
| | - J Henrich Bruggemann
- UMR ENTROPIE Université de La Réunion/CNRS/IRD Université de La Réunion Saint Denis France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL Perpignan France
| | - Marine Pratlong
- IMBE UMR 7263 Aix Marseille Université/CNRS/IRD/Avignon Université Marseille France.,I2M Equipe Evolution Biologique et Modélisation Aix Marseille Université/CNRS/Centrale Marseille Marseille France
| | - Hélène Magalon
- UMR ENTROPIE Université de La Réunion/CNRS/IRD Université de La Réunion Saint Denis France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL Perpignan France
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Puce S, Pica D, Schiaparelli S, Negrisolo E. Integration of Morphological Data into Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis: Toward the Identikit of the Stylasterid Ancestor. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0161423. [PMID: 27537333 PMCID: PMC4990279 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0161423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Stylasteridae is a hydroid family including 29 worldwide-distributed genera, all provided with a calcareous skeleton. They are abundant in shallow and deep waters and represent an important component of marine communities. In the present paper, we studied the evolution of ten morphological characters, currently used in stylasterid taxonomy, using a phylogenetic approach. Our results indicate that stylasterid morphology is highly plastic and that many events of independent evolution and reversion have occurred. Our analysis also allows sketching a possible identikit of the stylasterid ancestor. It had calcareous skeleton, reticulate-granular coenosteal texture, polyps randomly arranged, gastrostyle, and dactylopore spines, while lacking a gastropore lip and dactylostyles. If the ancestor had single or double/multiple chambered gastropore tube is uncertain. These data suggest that the ancestor was similar to the extant genera Cyclohelia and Stellapora. Our investigation is the first attempt to integrate molecular and morphological information to clarify the stylasterid evolutionary scenario and represents the first step to infer the stylasterid ancestor morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Puce
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Daniela Pica
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e dell’Ambiente, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Stefano Schiaparelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra, dell'Ambiente e della Vita, Università di Genova, Genova, Italy
- Museo Nazionale dell'Antartide (MNA, Sede di Genova), Genova, Italy
| | - Enrico Negrisolo
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Agripolis, Università di Padova, Legnaro, Padova, Italy
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Leclère L, Copley RR, Momose T, Houliston E. Hydrozoan insights in animal development and evolution. Curr Opin Genet Dev 2016; 39:157-167. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gde.2016.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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12
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Cunha AF, Maronna MM, Marques AC. Variability on microevolutionary and macroevolutionary scales: a review on patterns of morphological variation in Cnidaria Medusozoa. ORG DIVERS EVOL 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s13127-016-0276-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Prudkovsky AA, Ivanenko VN, Nikitin MA, Lukyanov KA, Belousova A, Reimer JD, Berumen ML. Green Fluorescence of Cytaeis Hydroids Living in Association with Nassarius Gastropods in the Red Sea. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146861. [PMID: 26840497 PMCID: PMC4739711 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Green Fluorescent Proteins (GFPs) have been reported from a wide diversity of medusae, but only a few observations of green fluorescence have been reported for hydroid colonies. In this study, we report on fluorescence displayed by hydroid polyps of the genus Cytaeis Eschscholtz, 1829 (Hydrozoa: Anthoathecata: Filifera) found at night time in the southern Red Sea (Saudi Arabia) living on shells of the gastropod Nassarius margaritifer (Dunker, 1847) (Neogastropoda: Buccinoidea: Nassariidae). We examined the fluorescence of these polyps and compare with previously reported data. Intensive green fluorescence with a spectral peak at 518 nm was detected in the hypostome of the Cytaeis polyps, unlike in previous reports that reported fluorescence either in the basal parts of polyps or in other locations on hydroid colonies. These results suggest that fluorescence may be widespread not only in medusae, but also in polyps, and also suggests that the patterns of fluorescence localization can vary in closely related species. The fluorescence of polyps may be potentially useful for field identification of cryptic species and study of geographical distributions of such hydroids and their hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey A. Prudkovsky
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Viatcheslav N. Ivanenko
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail A. Nikitin
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Anna Belousova
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - James D. Reimer
- Molecular Invertebrate Systematics and Ecology Laboratory, Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Marine Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
- Tropical Biosphere Research Center, University of the Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Michael L. Berumen
- Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
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14
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Sanders SM, Cartwright P. Patterns of Wnt signaling in the life cycle of Podocoryna carnea and its implications for medusae evolution in Hydrozoa (Cnidaria). Evol Dev 2015; 17:325-36. [PMID: 26487183 DOI: 10.1111/ede.12165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hydrozoans are known for their complex life cycles, alternating between benthic, asexually reproducing polyps and pelagic, sexually reproducing medusae. Although patterning in hydrozoan polyps has been well studied, little is known about the signaling mechanisms governing medusa development. In order to investigate the role of Wnt signaling in medusa development, we use RNA-Seq data collected from three discrete life cycle stages of Podocoryna carnea to assemble, annotate, and assess enrichment and differential expression (DE) of Wnt pathway elements in P. carnea's transcriptome. Enrichment analyses revealed a statistically significant enrichment of DE Wnt signaling transcripts in the transcriptome of P. carnea, of which, the vast majority of these were significantly up-regulated in developing and adult medusae stages. Whole mount in situ hybridization (ISH) reveals co-expression of the Wnt ligand, Wnt3, and a membrane bound Wnt receptor, frizzled3, at the distal and oral ends of the developmental axes of medusae and polyps in P. carnea. DE and ISH results presented here reveal expression of Wnt signaling components consistent with it playing a role in medusa development. Specifically, Wnt ligand expression in the oral region suggests that the Wnt pathway may play a role in medusa patterning, similar to that of polyps. Previous Wnt expression studies in hydrozoan taxa with reduced medusa have failed to detect co-expression of Wnt3 and a frizzled receptor at their truncated developmental axes, suggesting that down regulation of Wnt pathway elements may play a key role in the loss of the medusa life cycle stage in hydrozoan evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Sanders
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA
| | - Paulyn Cartwright
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA
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15
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Postaire B, Magalon H, Bourmaud CAF, Gravier-Bonnet N, Bruggemann J. Phylogenetic relationships within Aglaopheniidae (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) reveal unexpected generic diversity. ZOOL SCR 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bautisse Postaire
- Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL; Université de La Réunion UMR ENTROPIE 9220; CS 92003 97744 Saint Denis CEDEX 9 France
| | - Helene Magalon
- Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL; Université de La Réunion UMR ENTROPIE 9220; CS 92003 97744 Saint Denis CEDEX 9 France
| | - Chloe A.-F. Bourmaud
- Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL; Université de La Réunion UMR ENTROPIE 9220; CS 92003 97744 Saint Denis CEDEX 9 France
| | - Nicole Gravier-Bonnet
- Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL; Université de La Réunion UMR ENTROPIE 9220; CS 92003 97744 Saint Denis CEDEX 9 France
| | - J. Henrich Bruggemann
- Laboratoire d'Excellence CORAIL; Université de La Réunion UMR ENTROPIE 9220; CS 92003 97744 Saint Denis CEDEX 9 France
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Sanders SM, Cartwright P. Interspecific Differential Expression Analysis of RNA-Seq Data Yields Insight into Life Cycle Variation in Hydractiniid Hydrozoans. Genome Biol Evol 2015; 7:2417-31. [PMID: 26251524 PMCID: PMC4558869 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evv153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrozoans are known for their complex life cycles, which can alternate between an asexually reproducing polyp stage and a sexually reproducing medusa stage. Most hydrozoan species, however, lack a free-living medusa stage and instead display a developmentally truncated form, called a medusoid or sporosac, which generally remains attached to the polyp. Although evolutionary transitions in medusa truncation and loss have been investigated phylogenetically, little is known about the genes involved in the development and loss of this life cycle stage. Here, we present a new workflow for evaluating differential expression (DE) between two species using short read Illumina RNA-seq data. Through interspecific DE analyses between two hydractiniid hydrozoans, Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus and Podocoryna carnea, we identified genes potentially involved in the developmental, functional, and morphological differences between the fully developed medusa of P. carnea and reduced sporosac of H. symbiolongicarpus. A total of 10,909 putative orthologs of H. symbiolongicarpus and P. carnea were identified from de novo assemblies of short read Illumina data. DE analysis revealed 938 of these are differentially expressed between P. carnea developing and adult medusa, when compared with H. symbiolongicarpus sporosacs, the majority of which have not been previously characterized in cnidarians. In addition, several genes with no corresponding ortholog in H. symbiolongicarpus were expressed in developing medusa of P. carnea. Results presented here show interspecific DE analyses of RNA-seq data to be a sensitive and reliable method for identifying genes and gene pathways potentially involved in morphological and life cycle differences between species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Sanders
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas
| | - Paulyn Cartwright
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas
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Rabosky DL, Goldberg EE. Model Inadequacy and Mistaken Inferences of Trait-Dependent Speciation. Syst Biol 2015; 64:340-55. [DOI: 10.1093/sysbio/syu131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 356] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel L. Rabosky
- Museum of Zoology and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; and 2Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Emma E. Goldberg
- Museum of Zoology and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109; and 2Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN 55108, USA
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Boero F, Bernardi G. Phenotypic vs genotypic approaches to biodiversity, from conflict to alliance. Mar Genomics 2014; 17:63-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2014.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2014] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Sanders SM, Shcheglovitova M, Cartwright P. Differential gene expression between functionally specialized polyps of the colonial hydrozoan Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus (Phylum Cnidaria). BMC Genomics 2014; 15:406. [PMID: 24884766 PMCID: PMC4072882 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A colony of the hydrozoan Hydractinia symbiolongicarpus comprises genetically identical yet morphologically distinct and functionally specialized polyp types. The main labor divisions are between feeding, reproduction and defense. In H. symbiolongicarpus, the feeding polyp (called a gastrozooid) has elongated tentacles and a mouth, which are absent in the reproductive polyp (gonozooid) and defensive polyp (dactylozooid). Instead, the dactylozooid has an extended body column with an abundance of stinging cells (nematocysts) and the gonozooid bears gonophores on its body column. Morphological differences between polyp types can be attributed to simple changes in their axial patterning during development, and it has long been hypothesized that these specialized polyps arose through evolutionary alterations in oral-aboral patterning of the ancestral gastrozooid. Results An assembly of 66,508 transcripts (>200 bp) were generated using short-read Illumina RNA-Seq libraries constructed from feeding, reproductive, and defensive polyps of H. symbiolongicarpus. Using several different annotation methods, approximately 54% of the transcripts were annotated. Differential expression analyses were conducted between these three polyp types to isolate genes that may be involved in functional, histological, and pattering differences between polyp types. Nearly 7 K transcripts were differentially expressed in a polyp-specific manner, including members of the homeodomain, myosin, toxin and BMP gene families. We report the spatial expression of a subset of these polyp-specific transcripts to validate our differential expression analyses. Conclusions While potentially originating through simple changes in patterning, polymorphic polyps in Hydractinia are the result of differentially expressed functional, structural, and patterning genes. The differentially expressed genes identified in our study provide a starting point for future investigations of the developmental patterning and functional differences that are displayed in the different polyp types that confer a division of labor within a colony of H. symbiolongicarpus. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-406) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven M Sanders
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, USA.
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