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Maggioni D, Schuchert P, Ostrovsky AN, Schiavo A, Hoeksema BW, Pica D, Piraino S, Arrigoni R, Seveso D, Montalbetti E, Galli P, Montano S. Systematics and character evolution of capitate hydrozoans. Cladistics 2024; 40:107-134. [PMID: 38112464 DOI: 10.1111/cla.12567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Capitate hydrozoans are a morphologically and ecologically diverse hydrozoan suborder, currently including about 200 species. Being grouped in two clades, Corynida and Zancleida, these hydrozoans still show a number of taxonomic uncertainties at the species, genus and family levels. Many Capitata species established symbiotic relationships with other benthic organisms, including bryozoans, other cnidarians, molluscs and poriferans, as well as with planktonic dinoflagellates for mixotrophic relationships and with bacteria for thiotrophic ectosymbioses. Our study aimed at providing an updated and comprehensive phylogeny reconstruction of the suborder, at modelling the evolution of selected morphological and ecological characters, and at testing evolutionary relationships between the symbiotic lifestyle and the other characters, by integrating taxonomic, ecological and evolutionary data. The phylogenetic hypotheses here presented shed light on the evolutionary relationships within Capitata, with most families and genera being recovered as monophyletic. The genus Zanclea and family Zancleidae, however, were divided into four divergent clades, requiring the establishment of the new genus Apatizanclea and the new combinations for species in Zanclea and Halocoryne genera. The ancestral state reconstructions revealed that symbiosis arose multiple times in the evolutionary history of the Capitata, and that homoplasy is a common phenomenon in the group. Correlations were found between the evolution of symbiosis and morphological characters, such as the perisarc. Overall, our results highlighted that the use of genetic data and a complete knowledge of the life cycles are strongly needed to disentangle taxonomic and systematic issues in capitate hydrozoans. Finally, the colonization of tropical habitat appears to have influenced the evolution of a symbiotic lifestyle, playing important roles in the evolution of the group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Maggioni
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences (BtBs), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, 20126, Italy
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, 20126, Italy
- Marine Research and Higher Education (MaRHE) Center, University of Milano-Bicocca, Faafu Magoodhoo Island, 12030, Maldives
| | | | - Andrew N Ostrovsky
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, 199034, Russia
- Department of Palaeontology, Faculty of Earth Sciences, Geography and Astronomy, University of Vienna, Vienna, 1090, Austria
| | - Andrea Schiavo
- Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Polytechnic University of Milan, Milan, 20133, Italy
| | - Bert W Hoeksema
- Marine Evolution and Ecology Group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, 2333 CR, The Netherlands
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Daniela Pica
- Department of Integrative Marine Ecology, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Calabria Marine Centre, Amendolara, 87071, Italy
| | - Stefano Piraino
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, Lecce, 73100, Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium for Marine Science (CoNISMa), Rome, 00196, Italy
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, 90133, Italy
| | - Roberto Arrigoni
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms (BEOM), Genoa Marine Centre (GMC), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn - National Institute of Marine Biology, Ecology and Biotechnology, Genoa, 16126, Italy
| | - Davide Seveso
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, 20126, Italy
- Marine Research and Higher Education (MaRHE) Center, University of Milano-Bicocca, Faafu Magoodhoo Island, 12030, Maldives
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, 90133, Italy
| | - Enrico Montalbetti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, 20126, Italy
- Marine Research and Higher Education (MaRHE) Center, University of Milano-Bicocca, Faafu Magoodhoo Island, 12030, Maldives
| | - Paolo Galli
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, 20126, Italy
- Marine Research and Higher Education (MaRHE) Center, University of Milano-Bicocca, Faafu Magoodhoo Island, 12030, Maldives
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, 90133, Italy
| | - Simone Montano
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, 20126, Italy
- Marine Research and Higher Education (MaRHE) Center, University of Milano-Bicocca, Faafu Magoodhoo Island, 12030, Maldives
- National Biodiversity Future Center (NBFC), Palermo, 90133, Italy
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Isa V, Seveso D, Diamante L, Montalbetti E, Montano S, Gobbato J, Lavorano S, Galli P, Louis YD. Physical and cellular impact of environmentally relevant microplastic exposure on thermally challenged Pocillopora damicornis (Cnidaria, Scleractinia). Sci Total Environ 2024; 918:170651. [PMID: 38320710 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Microplastic pollution is an increasing threat to coral reefs, which are already strongly challenged by climate change-related heat stress. Although it is known that scleractinian corals can ingest microplastic, little is known about their egestion and how microplastic exposure may impair corals at physiological and cellular levels. In addition, the effects of microplastic pollution at current environmental concentration have been little investigated to date, particularly in corals already impacted by heat stress. In this study, the combined effects of these environmental threats on Pocillopora damicornis were investigated from a physical and cellular perspective. Colonies were exposed to three concentrations of polyethylene microplastic beads (no microplastic beads: [No MP], 1 mg/L: [Low MP]; 10 mg/L: [High MP]), and two different temperatures (25 °C and 30 °C) for 72 h. No visual signs of stress in corals, such as abnormal mucus production and polyp extroflection, were recorded. At [Low MP], beads adhered to colonies were ingested but were also egested. Moreover, thermally stressed colonies showed a lower adhesion and higher egestion of microplastic beads. Coral bleaching was observed with an increase in temperature and microplastic bead concentration, as indicated by a general decrease in chlorophyll concentration and Symbiodiniaceae density. An increase in lipid peroxidation was measured in colonies exposed to [Low MP] and [High MP] and an up-regulation of stress response gene hsp70 was observed due to the synergistic interaction of both stressors. Overall, our findings showed that heat stress still represents the main threat to P. damicornis, while the effect of microplastics on coral health and physiology may be minor, especially at control temperature. However, microplastics could exacerbate the effect of thermal stress on cellular homeostasis, even at [Low MP]. While reducing ocean warming is critical for preserving coral reefs, effective management of emerging threats like microplastic pollution is equally essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerio Isa
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Milano Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy; MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll, Maldives; Costa Edutainment SpA - Acquario di Genova, Area Porto Antico, Ponte Spinola, 16128 Genoa, Italy
| | - Davide Seveso
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Milano Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy; MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll, Maldives
| | - Luca Diamante
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Milano Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy
| | - Enrico Montalbetti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Milano Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy; MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll, Maldives.
| | - Simone Montano
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Milano Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy; MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll, Maldives
| | - Jacopo Gobbato
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Milano Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy; MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll, Maldives
| | - Silvia Lavorano
- Costa Edutainment SpA - Acquario di Genova, Area Porto Antico, Ponte Spinola, 16128 Genoa, Italy
| | - Paolo Galli
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Milano Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy; MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll, Maldives; University of Dubai, Dubai, P.O. Box 14143, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yohan Didier Louis
- Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Milano Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza 1, 20126 Milano, Italy; MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll, Maldives
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Contardi M, Fadda M, Isa V, Louis YD, Madaschi A, Vencato S, Montalbetti E, Bertolacci L, Ceseracciu L, Seveso D, Lavorano S, Galli P, Athanassiou A, Montano S. Biodegradable Zein-Based Biocomposite Films for Underwater Delivery of Curcumin Reduce Thermal Stress Effects in Corals. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37376819 PMCID: PMC10360034 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Massive coral bleaching episodes induced by thermal stress are one of the first causes of coral death worldwide. Overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been identified as one of the potential causes of symbiosis breakdown between polyps and algae in corals during extreme heat wave events. Here, we propose a new strategy for mitigating heat effects by delivering underwater an antioxidant to the corals. We fabricated zein/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-based biocomposite films laden with the strong and natural antioxidant curcumin as an advanced coral bleaching remediation tool. Biocomposites' mechanical, water contact angle (WCA), swelling, and release properties can be tuned thanks to different supramolecular rearrangements that occur by varying the zein/PVP weight ratio. Following immersion in seawater, the biocomposites became soft hydrogels that did not affect the coral's health in the short (24 h) and long periods (15 days). Laboratory bleaching experiments at 29 and 33 °C showed that coral colonies of Stylophora pistillata coated with the biocomposites had ameliorated conditions in terms of morphological aspects, chlorophyll content, and enzymatic activity compared to untreated colonies and did not bleach. Finally, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) confirmed the full biodegradability of the biocomposites, showing a low potential environmental impact in the case of open-field application. These insights may pave the way for new frontiers in mitigating extreme coral bleaching events by combining natural antioxidants and biocomposites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Contardi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milan - Bicocca, Milan 20126, Italy
- MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll 12030, Republic of Maldives
| | - Marta Fadda
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Valerio Isa
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milan - Bicocca, Milan 20126, Italy
- MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll 12030, Republic of Maldives
| | - Yohan D Louis
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milan - Bicocca, Milan 20126, Italy
- MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll 12030, Republic of Maldives
| | - Andrea Madaschi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milan - Bicocca, Milan 20126, Italy
- MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll 12030, Republic of Maldives
| | - Sara Vencato
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milan - Bicocca, Milan 20126, Italy
- MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll 12030, Republic of Maldives
| | - Enrico Montalbetti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milan - Bicocca, Milan 20126, Italy
- MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll 12030, Republic of Maldives
| | - Laura Bertolacci
- Smart Materials, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Luca Ceseracciu
- Materials Characterization Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genova 16163, Italy
| | - Davide Seveso
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milan - Bicocca, Milan 20126, Italy
- MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll 12030, Republic of Maldives
| | - Silvia Lavorano
- Costa Edutainment SpA - Acquario di Genova, Genova 16128, Italy
| | - Paolo Galli
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milan - Bicocca, Milan 20126, Italy
- MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll 12030, Republic of Maldives
- Dubai Business School, University of Dubai, Dubai 14143, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Simone Montano
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milan - Bicocca, Milan 20126, Italy
- MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll 12030, Republic of Maldives
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Rizzi C, Seveso D, De Grandis C, Montalbetti E, Lancini S, Galli P, Villa S. Bioconcentration and cellular effects of emerging contaminants in sponges from Maldivian coral reefs: A managing tool for sustainable tourism. Mar Pollut Bull 2023; 192:115084. [PMID: 37257411 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Tourism is the main income source for the Maldives, but concurrently, it represents a growing threat to its marine ecosystem. Here, we monitored the bioaccumulation of 15 emerging contaminants (ECs) in the Maldivian reef sponges Spheciospongia vagabunda collected in two resort islands (Athuruga and Thudufushi, Ari Atoll) and an inhabited island (Magoodhoo, Faafu Atoll), and we analysed their impact on different sponge cellular stress biomarkers. Caffeine and the insect repellent DEET were detected in sponges of all the islands, whereas the antibiotic erythromycin and the UV filter 4-methylbenzylidene camphor were found in resort islands only. Although concentrations were approximately a few ng/g d.w., we quantified various induced cellular effects, in particular an increase of the levels of the enzyme glutathione S-transferase involved in cell detoxification. Our results highlight the importance to increase awareness on ECs pollution, promoting the use of more environmental friendly products to achieving the sustainable development goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Rizzi
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano - Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 1, Milano 20126, Italy
| | - Davide Seveso
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano - Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 1, Milano 20126, Italy; MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Centre), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll, Maldives.
| | - Chiara De Grandis
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano - Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 1, Milano 20126, Italy
| | - Enrico Montalbetti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano - Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 1, Milano 20126, Italy; MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Centre), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll, Maldives
| | - Stefania Lancini
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano - Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 1, Milano 20126, Italy; MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Centre), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll, Maldives
| | - Paolo Galli
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano - Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 1, Milano 20126, Italy; MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Centre), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll, Maldives; University of Dubai, PO Box: 14143, Dubai Academic City, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sara Villa
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano - Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 1, Milano 20126, Italy
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Montano S, Dehnert I, Seveso D, Maggioni D, Montalbetti E, Strona G, Siena F, Amir H, Antoine A, Marino‐Ramirez C, Saponari L, Shah NJ, Azcarate Molina R, Alegria Ortega A, Galli P, Montoya‐Maya PH. Effects of the COVID-19 lockdowns on the management of coral restoration projects. Restor Ecol 2022; 30:e13646. [PMID: 35603134 PMCID: PMC9115428 DOI: 10.1111/rec.13646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Coral restoration initiatives are gaining significant momentum in a global effort to enhance the recovery of degraded coral reefs. However, the implementation and upkeep of coral nurseries are particularly demanding, so that unforeseen breaks in maintenance operations might jeopardize well-established projects. In the last 2 years, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in a temporary yet prolonged abandonment of several coral gardening infrastructures worldwide, including remote localities. Here we provide a first assessment of the potential impacts of monitoring and maintenance breakdown in a suite of coral restoration projects (based on floating rope nurseries) in Colombia, Seychelles, and Maldives. Our study comprises nine nurseries from six locations, hosting a total of 3,554 fragments belonging to three coral genera, that were left unsupervised for a period spanning from 29 to 61 weeks. Floating nursery structures experienced various levels of damage, and total fragment survival spanned from 40 to 95% among projects, with Pocillopora showing the highest survival rate in all locations present. Overall, our study shows that, under certain conditions, abandoned coral nurseries can remain functional for several months without suffering critical failure from biofouling and hydrodynamism. Still, even where gardening infrastructures were only marginally affected, the unavoidable interruptions in data collection have slowed down ongoing project progress, diminishing previous investments and reducing future funding opportunities. These results highlight the need to increase the resilience and self-sufficiency of coral restoration projects, so that the next global lockdown will not further shrink the increasing efforts to prevent coral reefs from disappearing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Montano
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT)University of Milan – BicoccaPiazza della Scienza, MilanItaly
- MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center)Magoodhoo Island, Faafu AtollRepublic of Maldives
| | - Inga Dehnert
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT)University of Milan – BicoccaPiazza della Scienza, MilanItaly
- MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center)Magoodhoo Island, Faafu AtollRepublic of Maldives
| | - Davide Seveso
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT)University of Milan – BicoccaPiazza della Scienza, MilanItaly
- MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center)Magoodhoo Island, Faafu AtollRepublic of Maldives
| | - Davide Maggioni
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT)University of Milan – BicoccaPiazza della Scienza, MilanItaly
- MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center)Magoodhoo Island, Faafu AtollRepublic of Maldives
| | - Enrico Montalbetti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT)University of Milan – BicoccaPiazza della Scienza, MilanItaly
- MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center)Magoodhoo Island, Faafu AtollRepublic of Maldives
| | - Giovanni Strona
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research ProgrammeUniversity of HelsinkiHelsinkiFinland
| | - Federica Siena
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT)University of Milan – BicoccaPiazza della Scienza, MilanItaly
- MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center)Magoodhoo Island, Faafu AtollRepublic of Maldives
| | - Hana Amir
- Maldives Marine Research InstituteH. White Waves, Moonlight HigunK. Male’Republic of Maldives
| | - Athina Antoine
- Nature SeychellesThe Centre for Environment & Education Roche CaimanMaheRepublic of Seychelles
| | - Camila Marino‐Ramirez
- Nature SeychellesThe Centre for Environment & Education Roche CaimanMaheRepublic of Seychelles
| | - Luca Saponari
- Nature SeychellesThe Centre for Environment & Education Roche CaimanMaheRepublic of Seychelles
| | - Nirmal J. Shah
- Nature SeychellesThe Centre for Environment & Education Roche CaimanMaheRepublic of Seychelles
| | - Ruben Azcarate Molina
- Corporación para el Desarrollo Sostenible del Archipiélago De San AndrésProvidencia y Santa Catalina (CORALINA)San AndrésColombia
| | | | - Paolo Galli
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT)University of Milan – BicoccaPiazza della Scienza, MilanItaly
- MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center)Magoodhoo Island, Faafu AtollRepublic of Maldives
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Maggioni D, Schuchert P, Arrigoni R, Hoeksema BW, Huang D, Strona G, Seveso D, Berumen ML, Montalbetti E, Collins R, Galli P, Montano S. Integrative systematics illuminates the relationships in two sponge-associated hydrozoan families (Capitata: Sphaerocorynidae and Zancleopsidae). Contrib Zool 2021. [DOI: 10.1163/18759866-bja10023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
An integrated approach using morphological and genetic data is needed to disentangle taxonomic uncertainties affecting the hydrozoan families Sphaerocorynidae and Zancleopsidae. Here we used this approach to accurately characterise species in these families, identify the previously unknown polyp stages of the genera Euphysilla and Zancleopsis, which were originally described exclusively based on the medusa stages, describe a new sphaerocorynid genus and species, and assess the phylogenetic position of the two families within the Capitata. The monotypic genus Astrocoryne was found to be a synonym of Zancleopsis. Astrocoryne cabela was therefore transferred to the genus Zancleopsis as Zancleopsis cabela comb. nov. The new polyp-based genus and species Kudacoryne diaphana gen. nov. sp. nov. was erected within the Sphaerocorynidae. Both taxa are primarily based on genetic data, but the introduction of this new genus was made necessary by the fact that it clustered with the genera Heterocoryne and Euphysilla, despite showing Sphaerocoryne-like polyps. Interestingly, the species analysed in this work showed contrasting biogeographical patterns. Based on our data and literature records, some species appear to have a wide circumtropical range, whereas others are limited to few localities. Overall, these results lay the ground for future investigations aimed at resolving the taxonomy and systematics of these two enigmatic families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Maggioni
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Marine Research and High Education (MaRHE) Center, University of Milano-Bicocca, 12030 Faafu Magoodhoo Island, Republic of Maldives,
| | | | - Roberto Arrigoni
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms (BEOM), Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Naples, Italy,
| | - Bert W. Hoeksema
- Taxonomy, Systematics and Geodiversity Group, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, 9700 CC Groningen, The Netherlands,
| | - Danwei Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tropical Marine Science Institute and Centre for Nature-based Climate Solutions, National University of Singapore, 117558 Singapore, Singapore,
| | - Giovanni Strona
- Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, 00790 Helsinki, Finland,
| | - Davide Seveso
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Marine Research and High Education (MaRHE) Center, University of Milano-Bicocca, 12030 Faafu Magoodhoo Island, Republic of Maldives,
| | - Michael L. Berumen
- Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955–6900 Thuwal, Saudi Arabia,
| | - Enrico Montalbetti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Marine Research and High Education (MaRHE) Center, University of Milano-Bicocca, 12030 Faafu Magoodhoo Island, Republic of Maldives,
| | - Richard Collins
- Independent researcher, Florida Museum of Natural History, 3215 Gainesville, Florida, USA,
| | - Paolo Galli
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Marine Research and High Education (MaRHE) Center, University of Milano-Bicocca, 12030 Faafu Magoodhoo Island, Republic of Maldives,
| | - Simone Montano
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy
- Marine Research and High Education (MaRHE) Center, University of Milano-Bicocca, 12030 Faafu Magoodhoo Island, Republic of Maldives,
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Yuasa H, Kajitani R, Nakamura Y, Takahashi K, Okuno M, Kobayashi F, Shinoda T, Toyoda A, Suzuki Y, Thongtham N, Forsman Z, Bronstein O, Seveso D, Montalbetti E, Taquet C, Eyal G, Yasuda N, Itoh T. Elucidation of the speciation history of three sister species of crown-of-thorns starfish (Acanthaster spp.) based on genomic analysis. DNA Res 2021; 28:6350483. [PMID: 34387305 DOI: 10.1093/dnares/dsab012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The crown-of-thorns starfish (COTS) is a coral predator that is widely distributed in Indo-Pacific Oceans. A previous phylogenetic study using partial mitochondrial sequences suggested that COTS had diverged into four distinct species, but a nuclear genome-based analysis to confirm this was not conducted. To address this, COTS species nuclear genome sequences were analysed here, sequencing Northern Indian Ocean (NIO) and Red Sea (RS) species genomes for the first time, followed by a comparative analysis with the Pacific Ocean (PO) species. Phylogenetic analysis and ADMIXTURE analysis revealed clear divergences between the three COTS species. Furthermore, within the PO species, the phylogenetic position of the Hawaiian sample was further away from the other Pacific-derived samples than expected based on the mitochondrial data, suggesting that it may be a PO subspecies. The pairwise sequentially Markovian coalescent model showed that the trajectories of the population size diverged by region during the Mid-Pleistocene transition when the sea-level was dramatically decreased, strongly suggesting that the three COTS species experienced allopatric speciation. Analysis of the orthologues indicated that there were remarkable genes with species-specific positive selection in the genomes of the PO and RS species, which suggested that there may be local adaptations in the COTS species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Yuasa
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Rei Kajitani
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Yuta Nakamura
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Kazuki Takahashi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Miki Okuno
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Fumiya Kobayashi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Takahiro Shinoda
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
| | - Atsushi Toyoda
- Department of Genomics and Evolutionary Biology, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima City, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
| | - Yutaka Suzuki
- Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa-shi, Chiba 272-8562, Japan
| | | | - Zac Forsman
- Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, School of Ocean & Earth Sciences & Technology, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, Coconut Island, Kāne'ohe, HI, USA
| | - Omri Bronstein
- George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, School of Zoology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.,The Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Israel National Center for Biodiversity Studies, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Davide Seveso
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy.,Marine Research and High Education Center (MaRHE Center), 12030 Faafu Magoodhoo, Republic of Maldives
| | - Enrico Montalbetti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy.,Marine Research and High Education Center (MaRHE Center), 12030 Faafu Magoodhoo, Republic of Maldives
| | | | - Gal Eyal
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, School of Biological Sciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.,The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Nina Yasuda
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Takehiko Itoh
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152-8550, Japan
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8
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Maggioni D, Garese A, Huang D, Hoeksema BW, Arrigoni R, Seveso D, Galli P, Berumen ML, Montalbetti E, Pica D, Torsani F, Montano S. Diversity, host specificity and biogeography in the Cladocorynidae (Hydrozoa, Capitata), with description of a new genus. Cladistics 2021; 38:13-37. [DOI: 10.1111/cla.12480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Davide Maggioni
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT) University of Milano‐Bicocca Piazza della Scienza Milano 20126 Italy
- Marine Research and High Education (MaRHE) Center University of Milano‐Bicocca Faafu Magoodhoo Island 12030 Republic of Maldives
| | - Agustín Garese
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras (IIMyC) Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata (UNMDP) – Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET) Mar del Plata 7600 Argentina
| | - Danwei Huang
- Department of Biological Sciences Tropical Marine Science Institute and Centre for Nature‐based Climate Solutions National University of Singapore Singapore 117558 Singapore
| | - Bert W. Hoeksema
- Taxonomy, Systematics and Geodiversity Group Naturalis Biodiversity Center Leiden 2300 RA The Netherlands
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences University of Groningen Groningen 9700 CC The Netherlands
| | - Roberto Arrigoni
- Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms (BEOM) Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Villa Comunale Napoli 80121 Italy
| | - Davide Seveso
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT) University of Milano‐Bicocca Piazza della Scienza Milano 20126 Italy
- Marine Research and High Education (MaRHE) Center University of Milano‐Bicocca Faafu Magoodhoo Island 12030 Republic of Maldives
| | - Paolo Galli
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT) University of Milano‐Bicocca Piazza della Scienza Milano 20126 Italy
- Marine Research and High Education (MaRHE) Center University of Milano‐Bicocca Faafu Magoodhoo Island 12030 Republic of Maldives
| | - Michael L. Berumen
- Red Sea Research Center Division of Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) Thuwal 23955‐6900 Saudi Arabia
| | - Enrico Montalbetti
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT) University of Milano‐Bicocca Piazza della Scienza Milano 20126 Italy
- Marine Research and High Education (MaRHE) Center University of Milano‐Bicocca Faafu Magoodhoo Island 12030 Republic of Maldives
| | - Daniela Pica
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies University of Salento Lecce 73100 Italy
- CoNISMa – Consorzio Nazionale Interuniversitario per le Scienze del Mare Roma 00196 Italy
| | - Fabrizio Torsani
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences Polytechnic University of Marche Ancona 60131 Italy
| | - Simone Montano
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT) University of Milano‐Bicocca Piazza della Scienza Milano 20126 Italy
- Marine Research and High Education (MaRHE) Center University of Milano‐Bicocca Faafu Magoodhoo Island 12030 Republic of Maldives
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9
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Saponari L, Montalbetti E, Galli P, Strona G, Seveso D, Dehnert I, Montano S. Monitoring and assessing a 2-year outbreak of the corallivorous seastar Acanthaster planci in Ari Atoll, Republic of Maldives. Environ Monit Assess 2018; 190:344. [PMID: 29754219 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-018-6661-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Outbreaks of the corallivorous crown-of-thorns seastars have received increasing attention due to their negative impacts on coral reefs in the Indo-Pacific Ocean. However, outbreaks in remote and dislocated islands are still poorly understood. This study aims to begin filling informational gaps regarding outbreaks of Acanthaster planci in the remote islands of the central Ari Atoll, Republic of Maldives. The population of A. planci was monitored during three periods over 2 years (2015-2016) to evaluate variations in abundance and to characterise size structure and feeding behaviour. The outbreak appeared to be severe and active throughout the entire study period. The size structure analysis revealed a multimodal distribution dominated by individuals between 20 and 30 cm, suggesting that the outbreak may have resulted from a few nearby mass spawning events. Additionally, the most abundant live coral was Porites, which was also the most consumed genus; however, the electivity index showed a preference for corals of the genera Favites and Pavona. Finally, we also highlighted the need for more geographically extended surveys to better understand local patterns regarding outbreaks of A. planci in the Republic of Maldives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Saponari
- MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll, Republic of Maldives.
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milan - Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 20126, Milan, Italy.
| | - Enrico Montalbetti
- MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll, Republic of Maldives
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milan - Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Galli
- MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll, Republic of Maldives
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milan - Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanni Strona
- European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Directorate D - Sustainable Resources, Bio-Economy Unit, Via Enrico Fermi 2749, 21027, Ispra, Italy
| | - Davide Seveso
- MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll, Republic of Maldives
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milan - Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 20126, Milan, Italy
| | - Inga Dehnert
- MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll, Republic of Maldives
| | - Simone Montano
- MaRHE Center (Marine Research and High Education Center), Magoodhoo Island, Faafu Atoll, Republic of Maldives
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences (DISAT), University of Milan - Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 20126, Milan, Italy
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