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Achenbach TM, Ivanova MY, Turner LV, Ritz H, Almqvist F, Bilenberg N, Bird H, Chahed M, Döpfner M, Erol N, Hannesdottir H, Kanbayashi Y, Lambert MC, Leung PWL, Liu J, Minaei A, Novik TS, Oh KJ, Petot D, Petot JM, Pomalima R, Raine A, Sawyer M, Simsek Z, Steinhausen HC, van der Ende J, Wolanczyk T, Zukauskiene R, Verhulst FC. P-Factor(s) for Youth Psychopathology Across Informants and Models in 24 Societies. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL FOR THE SOCIETY OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY, AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOCIATION, DIVISION 53 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38805627 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2024.2344159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although the significance of the general factor of psychopathology (p) is being increasingly recognized, it remains unclear how to best operationalize and measure p. To test variations in the operationalizations of p and make practical recommendations for its assessment, we compared p-factor scores derived from four models. METHODS We compared p scores derived from principal axis (Model 1), hierarchical factor (Model 2), and bifactor (Model 3) analyses, plus a Total Problem score (sum of unit-weighted ratings of all problem items; Model 4) for parent- and self-rated youth psychopathology from 24 societies. Separately for each sample, we fitted the models to parent-ratings on the Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 6-18 (CBCL/6-18) and self-ratings on the Youth Self-Report (YSR) for 25,643 11-18-year-olds. Separately for each sample, we computed correlations between p-scores obtained for each pair of models, cross-informant correlations between p-scores for each model, and Q-correlations between mean item x p-score correlations for each pair of models. RESULTS Results were similar for all models, as indicated by correlations of .973-.994 between p-scores for Models 1-4, plus similar cross-informant correlations between CBCL/6-18 and YSR Model 1-4 p-scores. Item x p correlations had similar rank orders between Models 1-4, as indicated by Q correlations of .957-.993. CONCLUSIONS The similar results obtained for Models 1-4 argue for using the simplest model - the unit-weighted Total Problem score - to measure p for clinical and research assessment of youth psychopathology. Practical methods for measuring p may advance the field toward transdiagnostic patterns of problems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hannah Ritz
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont
| | | | - Niels Bilenberg
- Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark
| | - Hector Bird
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University
| | - Myriam Chahed
- Department of Psychology, Nanterre Défense University
| | - Manfred Döpfner
- Department of Psychiatry/Psychotherapy of Childhood/Adolescence, Köln University
| | - Nese Erol
- Department of Mental Health and Illness, Ankara University
| | | | | | | | | | - Jianghong Liu
- Department of Criminology, Psychiatry, Psychology, University of Pennsylvania
| | - Asghar Minaei
- Educational and Psychological Measurement, Allameh Tabataba'i University
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Adrian Raine
- Department of Criminology, Psychiatry, Psychology, University of Pennsylvania
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Assari S, Najand B, Zare H. The link between residential stability and youth substance use: Role of stressful life events and behavioral problems. JOURNAL OF MEDICINE, SURGERY, AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 2:100084. [PMID: 38737924 PMCID: PMC11086703 DOI: 10.1016/j.glmedi.2024.100084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Residential stability is increasingly recognized as a significant factor influencing youth positive development. While the existing body of research provides valuable insights, gaps remain regarding the determinants of residential stability and how its outcomes may vary by gender and race. This study aims to investigate the relationship between residential stability, substance use, and behavioral issues among children aged 9-10 years, with a focus on the mediating role of trauma exposure. Methods This research utilizes data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study, a longitudinal project initiated in 2016 with a sample of 11,849 participants. It explores the links between residential stability, socioeconomic factors, stress, and emotional and behavioral outcomes using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Structural equation modeling was employed to analyze the data. Results Findings indicate that higher household income, living in a household with married parents, and residing in areas with greater household incomes correlate with residential stability. In turn, residential stability is linked to lower levels of life stress and reduced substance use in the future. Furthermore, the impact of residential stability on substance uses and CBCL scores was entirely mediated by trauma exposure. Conclusions The findings advocate for the implementation of economic, social, and public policies aimed at fostering stable living environments for children and families to mitigate the emotional and behavioral challenges future generations may face. Enhancing socioeconomic status and supporting structures that promote married family living arrangements emerge as effective strategies to improve residential stability and the well-being of young people in the United States.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shervin Assari
- Department of Family Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Babak Najand
- Marginalization-related Diminished Returns Center, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Hossein Zare
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
- School of Business, University of Maryland Global Campus (UMGC), Adelphi, 20783, USA
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Seo A, Chang AY. A systematic review of the social impact of diseases in Nordic countries. Scand J Public Health 2024:14034948231217365. [PMID: 38166481 DOI: 10.1177/14034948231217365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We review the literature on the social impacts of diseases, defined as the social consequences of having a disease on the people around the patient, such as spouses, caregivers and offspring. The two objectives of this study are to summarise the social outcomes commonly associated with diseases and to compare the social impact across a range of diseases. METHODS A systematic review of the social impact of disease in Nordic countries was conducted using PubMed, PsycINFO and Google Scholar (PROSPERO registration number CRD42022291796). All articles that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. We tabulated all outcomes and diseases studied, and synthesised the evidence based on the perspectives of patients, spouse/caregiver and offspring. RESULTS A total of 135 studies met the eligibility criteria, covering 76 diseases and 39 outcomes. From the patient's perspective, diseases impact divorce and marriage rates, social functioning, likelihood of committing a crime and being a victim of crime. From the caregiver's perspective, diseases affect their health-related quality of life and physical and psychological health. From the offspring's perspective, diseases impact their development, health and social adversities in later life. Diseases generally had negative social impacts, but there were some diseases associated with positive impacts. CONCLUSIONS The review provides a useful summary and gross comparison of the social impact of different diseases. The social impact of diseases can be large and significant. Thus, it should be considered when policymakers are setting priorities across disease areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahreum Seo
- Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Angela Y Chang
- Danish Institute for Advanced Study, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
- Interdisciplinary Centre on Population Dynamics (CPop), University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
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Zhang L, Sasser J, Doane LD, Peltz J, Oshri A. Latent Profiles of Sleep Patterns in Early Adolescence: Associations With Behavioral Health Risk. J Adolesc Health 2024; 74:177-185. [PMID: 37815759 PMCID: PMC10841331 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2023.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study characterized sleep profiles in a national longitudinal sample of early adolescents and examined whether profiles predicted later behavioral problems. METHODS Three waves of data (2016-2021) were obtained from the Adolescent Behavior and Cognitive Development study, including 3,326 participants with both weekday and weekend sleep data measured by Fitbit wearables (age range 10.58-13.67 years; 49.3% female). Latent profile analysis was utilized to identify sleep profiles using multiple sleep indicators (duration, latency, efficiency, wake minutes, wake counts, and midpoint). We then explored whether demographic predictors predicted profile membership and tested the latent sleep profiles' predictive utility of internalizing and externalizing symptoms. RESULTS Four profiles were identified: average sleep (40.39%), high duration & high wakefulness (28.58%), high efficiency, low duration &low wakefulness (16.86%), and low duration & low efficiency (14.17%). Participants with older age, males, higher body mass index, and advanced pubertal status were more likely to be classified in the low duration & low efficiency profile than the average group. Participants with lower income, minority identification, older age, and higher body mass index were more likely to be classified in the high efficiency, low duration &low wakefulness than the average group. Participants with lower parental education and males were more likely to be in the high sleep duration & high wakefulness than the average group. The low duration & low efficiency group had the highest attention problems, social problems, and rule-breaking behaviors. DISCUSSION Our findings highlight unique sleep patterns in early adolescence and their prospective links with internalizing and externalizing problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhao Zhang
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.
| | - Jeri Sasser
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
| | - Leah D Doane
- Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona
| | - Jack Peltz
- Department of Psychology, SUNY Brockport, Brockport, New York
| | - Assaf Oshri
- Department of Human Development and Family Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia
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Hernández-Lorca M, Sevelsted A, Jepsen JRM, Pedersen CET, Rosenberg JB, Mohammadzadeh P, Rasmussen MA, Sørensen ME, Bilenberg N, Glenthøj B, Fagerlund B, Chawes B, Stokholm J, Vinding RK, Ebdrup BH, Bønnelykke K. COVID-19 lockdown, genetic ADHD susceptibility, and mental health in 10- year-old children. Psychiatry Res 2023; 329:115481. [PMID: 37776756 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies report that the COVID-19 lockdown had an impact on the mental health of the pediatric population. In this study, we harness the deep neuropsychiatric phenotyping of the population-based COPSAC2010 (n = 700) cohort at age 10 to study the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on mental health outcomes with focus on the role of the genetic vulnerability to attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), in the form of polygenic risk scores (PRS). A total of 593 children were examined between 2019 and 2021, resulting in two groups of different children, those evaluated before the lockdown (n = 230) and those evaluated after (n = 363). Children assessed after the lockdown presented higher odds of being diagnosed with ADHD and had significantly higher scores in most neuropsychiatric scales, particularly in subscales pertaining to behavior and attention problems. We observed a significant interaction between the lockdown and ADHD PRS on several neuropsychiatric dimensions, with a large post-lockdown increase in children with a high PRS, while there was little to no pre-post difference in children with low PRS. These results indicate mental health consequences of the lockdown in children and suggest that genetically susceptible individuals are more affected by such stressors in childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Hernández-Lorca
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Gentofte, Denmark.
| | - Astrid Sevelsted
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Jens Richardt Møllegaard Jepsen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital - Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Casper-Emil T Pedersen
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Julie B Rosenberg
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Gentofte, Denmark; Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Parisa Mohammadzadeh
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Gentofte, Denmark; Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Morten Arendt Rasmussen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Faculty of Science, Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Erlang Sørensen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Niels Bilenberg
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Birte Glenthøj
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Fagerlund
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Copenhagen University Hospital - Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bo Chawes
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Gentofte, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jakob Stokholm
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Gentofte, Denmark; Faculty of Science, Department of Food Science, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rebecca Kofod Vinding
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Bjørn H Ebdrup
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- COPSAC, Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Copenhagen University Hospital - Herlev and Gentofte, Gentofte, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Li F, Luo J, Qi Y, Huang H, Wu Y, Xu G, Liu Z, He F, Zheng Y. The prevalence of SCT in China, its comorbidity with ADHD and its association with life events and parental-rearing behaviors. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16946. [PMID: 37805610 PMCID: PMC10560280 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43225-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Although sluggish cognitive tempo (SCT) symptoms are often observed in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), an increasing number of studies have highlighted its uniqueness. Nevertheless, no national survey on SCT among children and adolescents has been conducted in China. Hence, this research aims to study SCT in China and to evaluate the differences between SCT and ADHD symptoms by comparing their risk factors in terms of life events (LE) and parental rearing behaviors (PRB). This cross-sectional study used data from a survey on 71,929 children and adolescents in 5 province-level regions in China to study the incidence and demographic information of SCT in the Chinese population. Subsequently, the study investigated the comorbidity of ADHD and SCT, and conducted three logistic regressions on the LE and PRB scores to predict whether participants develop symptoms of ADHD or SCT, or neither symptom. 6658 participants were allocated into the SCT group, and the weighted point prevalence of SCT was 9.78%. 36.34% of participants with ADHD (n = 676) were found to demonstrate SCT symptoms, whereas no statistically significant difference was observed in its comorbidity to the three ADHD subtypes (χ2 = 1.668, p > 0.05, Δ = 2). The regression results on the presence or absence of ADHD revealed paternal excessive-interference and rejection, and maternal favoring were associated with ADHD diagnosis, whereas paternal punishment and favoring and maternal emotional warmth was related to the absence of ADHD symptoms. Academic stress and maternal excessive-interference were associated with SCT symptoms, and maternal emotional warmth associated with SCT absence. Concerning the presence of ADHD-only or SCT-only symptoms, LE adaptation was found to relate to SCT-only symptoms, while PRB paternal rejection and maternal favoring were associated with ADHD-only symptoms. While evidencing the high prevalence of SCT in China, our findings supported that although ADHD and SCT were highly comorbid, they may be considered two independent disorders with different risk factors. Specifically, participants with SCT symptoms are more vulnerable to stress from LE and tend to face more maladjustment than ADHD and normally-developing participants, and maternal rearing behaviours are the key factors to SCT symptoms. SCT brings global challenges in its diagnosis and treatment, and the challenge is more severe in a mentally stressful environment. Therefore, stress management and SCT etiology studies are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenghua Li
- Key Lab of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Luo
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Capital Medical University, De Sheng Men Wai An Kang Hu Tong 5 Hao, Xi Cheng Qu, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Yanjie Qi
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Capital Medical University, De Sheng Men Wai An Kang Hu Tong 5 Hao, Xi Cheng Qu, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Huanhuan Huang
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Capital Medical University, De Sheng Men Wai An Kang Hu Tong 5 Hao, Xi Cheng Qu, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Yuanzhen Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Capital Medical University, De Sheng Men Wai An Kang Hu Tong 5 Hao, Xi Cheng Qu, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Gaoyang Xu
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Capital Medical University, De Sheng Men Wai An Kang Hu Tong 5 Hao, Xi Cheng Qu, Beijing, 100088, China
| | - Zhengkui Liu
- Key Lab of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fan He
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Capital Medical University, De Sheng Men Wai An Kang Hu Tong 5 Hao, Xi Cheng Qu, Beijing, 100088, China.
| | - Yi Zheng
- National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Beijing Key Laboratory of Mental Disorders, Beijing Anding Hospital, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders Capital Medical University, De Sheng Men Wai An Kang Hu Tong 5 Hao, Xi Cheng Qu, Beijing, 100088, China.
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7
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Ivanova MY, Achenbach TM, Turner L, Almqvist F, Begovac I, Bilenberg N, Bird H, Broberg AG, Córdova Calderón MA, Chahed M, Dang HM, Dobrean A, Döpfner M, Erol N, Forns M, Guðmundsson HS, Hannesdóttir H, Hewitt-Ramirez N, Kanbayashi Y, Karki S, Koot HM, Lambert MC, Leung P, Magai DN, Maggiolini A, Metzke CW, Minaei A, Monzani da Rocha M, Moreira PAS, Mulatu MS, Nøvik TS, Oh KJ, Petot D, Petot JM, Pisa C, Pomalima R, Roussos A, Rudan V, Sawyer MG, Shahini M, Simsek Z, Steinhausen HC, Verhulst FC, Weintraub S, Weiss B, Wolanczyk T, Zhang EY, Zilber N, Žukauskienė R. Effects of individual differences, society, and culture on youth-rated problems and strengths in 38 societies. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2022; 63:1297-1307. [PMID: 35167140 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinicians increasingly serve youths from societal/cultural backgrounds different from their own. This raises questions about how to interpret what such youths report. Rescorla et al. (2019, European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 28, 1107) found that much more variance in 72,493 parents' ratings of their offspring's mental health problems was accounted for by individual differences than by societal or cultural differences. Although parents' reports are essential for clinical assessment of their offspring, they reflect parents' perceptions of the offspring. Consequently, clinical assessment also requires self-reports from the offspring themselves. To test effects of individual differences, society, and culture on youths' self-ratings of their problems and strengths, we analyzed Youth Self-Report (YSR) scores for 39,849 11-17 year olds in 38 societies. METHODS Indigenous researchers obtained YSR self-ratings from population samples of youths in 38 societies representing 10 culture cluster identified in the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavioral Effectiveness study. Hierarchical linear modeling of scores on 17 problem scales and one strengths scale estimated the percent of variance accounted for by individual differences (including measurement error), society, and culture cluster. ANOVAs tested age and gender effects. RESULTS Averaged across the 17 problem scales, individual differences accounted for 92.5% of variance, societal differences 6.0%, and cultural differences 1.5%. For strengths, individual differences accounted for 83.4% of variance, societal differences 10.1%, and cultural differences 6.5%. Age and gender had very small effects. CONCLUSIONS Like parents' ratings, youths' self-ratings of problems were affected much more by individual differences than societal/cultural differences. Most variance in self-rated strengths also reflected individual differences, but societal/cultural effects were larger than for problems, suggesting greater influence of social desirability. The clinical significance of individual differences in youths' self-reports should thus not be minimized by societal/cultural differences, which-while important-can be taken into account with appropriate norms, as can gender and age differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masha Y Ivanova
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | | | - Lori Turner
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Fredrik Almqvist
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ivan Begovac
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, School of Medicine, Clinical Hospital Center Zagreb, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Niels Bilenberg
- Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Hector Bird
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anders G Broberg
- Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mery A Córdova Calderón
- Department of Psychology, Fiscalía Provincial of Orellana, Puerto Francisco de Orellana, Ecuador
| | - Myriam Chahed
- Department of Psychology, Université Paris-Nanterre, Paris, France
| | | | - Anca Dobrean
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Babes-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mandred Döpfner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy of Childhood and Adolescence, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Nese Erol
- Department of Mental Health and Illness, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Maria Forns
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatment, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Suyen Karki
- Department of Nursing Science, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Hans M Koot
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michael C Lambert
- School of Social Work, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Patrick Leung
- Department of Psychology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Dorcas N Magai
- Department of Clinical, Neuro- and Developmental Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Alfio Maggiolini
- Minotauro Istituto Di Analisi Dei Codici Affettivi, Milan, Italy
| | - Christa Winkler Metzke
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Asghar Minaei
- Department of Educational and Psychological Measurement, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marina Monzani da Rocha
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (CCBS), Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo A S Moreira
- Instituto de Psicologia e Ciências da Educação, Centro de Investigação em Psicologia para o Desenvolvimento (CIPD), Universidade Lusíada Norte (Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - Mesfin S Mulatu
- National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Torunn Stene Nøvik
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, St. Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.,Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Kyung Ja Oh
- Department of Psychology, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Djaouida Petot
- Department of Psychology, Université Paris-Nanterre, Paris, France
| | | | - Cecilia Pisa
- Minotauro Istituto Di Analisi Dei Codici Affettivi, Milan, Italy
| | - Rolando Pomalima
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Mental Honorio Delgado Hideyo Noguchi, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Vlasta Rudan
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychological Medicine, School of Medicine, Clinical Hospital Center Zagreb, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Michael G Sawyer
- School of Psychology and Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | - Zeynep Simsek
- Faculty of Health Sciences, İstanbul Bilgi University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Frank C Verhulst
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sheila Weintraub
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Bahr Weiss
- Department of Psychology and Human Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Tomasz Wolanczyk
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Nelly Zilber
- Kfar Shaul Mental Health Center, Falk Institute for Mental Health Studies, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rita Žukauskienė
- Institute of Psychology, Mykolas Romeris University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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8
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Magnus MC, Havdahl A, Wilcox AJ, Goisis A. Parental fecundability and neurodevelopmental delays and difficulties in offspring. Int J Epidemiol 2022; 51:1511-1521. [PMID: 35536321 PMCID: PMC9557840 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyac094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Impaired neurodevelopment is reported among children conceived by assisted reproductive technologies (ART). However, this might be explained by conditions underlying parental subfecundity, rather than the ART procedure. METHODS We examined associations of parental time-to-pregnancy (TTP) and conception by ART with neurodevelopmental traits up to 8 years of age, including motor and language skills, social delays and difficulties, and inattention-hyperactivity, among 92 142 singletons participating in the Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study (MoBa). Mothers reported TTP and neurodevelopmental traits through questionnaires. Mean differences in standardized neurodevelopmental traits were estimated using linear regression, adjusting for maternal age, parity, educational level, body mass index and smoking, and paternal age. RESULTS A longer TTP was associated with decreased language skills and motor skills at 6, 18 and 36 months (P-values for trend ≤0.01), prosocial skills delay at 36 months (P-values for trend ≤0.001) and increased scores for inattention-hyperactivity traits at all ages up to 8 years (P-values for trend from 0.06 to 0.01). Effect sizes were small, ranging between 0.03 and 0.05 difference in the standardized neurodevelopmental scores. Estimates for ART were imprecise, but there were no differences between children conceived by ART and naturally conceived children of subfecund parents (TTP ≥12 months). CONCLUSIONS Longer parental TTP is modestly but robustly associated with offspring neurodevelopmental delays and difficulties, with no added impact of ART. Future studies should investigate the underlying causes of-or aspects related to-parental subfecundity which might explain the association with offspring neurodevelopmental delays and difficulties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Magnus
- Corresponding author. Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 222 Skøyen, 0213 Oslo, Norway. E-mail:
| | - Alexandra Havdahl
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, UK
- Nic Waals Institute, Lovisenberg Diaconal Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Mental Disorders, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Allen J Wilcox
- Centre for Fertility and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Alice Goisis
- Social Research Institute, University College London, London, UK
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9
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Ver Loren van Themaat AH, Oranje B, Larsen KM, Tomasevic L, Korsgaard Johnsen L, Elgaard Thorup AA, Plessen KJ, Siebner HR, Nordentoft M. Mismatch negativity and P3a amplitude in children with familial high risk of schizophrenia or bipolar disorder - A Danish register-based EEG study. Schizophr Res 2022; 246:187-194. [PMID: 35797883 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2022.06.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infrequent deviants in a rapid sequence of sounds elicit a negative cortical potential over the frontocentral midline (mismatch negativity, MMN) followed by a positive deflection (P3a). Both cortical potentials are consistently attenuated in patients with schizophrenia (SZ), and, to a lesser degree, in patients with bipolar disorder (BP). OBJECTIVE Since it is unclear when MMN and P3a deficits arise relative to the emergence of symptoms, we examined whether MMN and P3a alterations are already detectable in children with familial high risk. METHODS Using 128-channel electroencephalography, we recorded auditory MMN and P3a evoked by a deviation in sound duration, frequency, or both in 51 children with familial high-risk for SZ (FHR-SZ), 41 children with familial high-risk for BP (FHR-BP), and 39 population-based children (PBC) at a mean age of 12.10. RESULTS MMN amplitude evoked by a duration deviant was larger in children with FHR-BP compared to PBC and FHR-SZ. P3a amplitude in response to a duration ∗ frequency deviant was larger in children with FHR-BP compared to children with FHR-SZ, but not compared to PBC. MMN- and P3a-peak latency did not differ between groups. CONCLUSIONS At an age of around 12 years, children with FHR-BP display enhanced neural sensitivity to change detection of duration deviants, while FHR-SZ showed a normal response pattern. Longitudinal recordings in high-risk children during adolescence are required to elucidate the temporal trajectories of MMN and P3a responses and how they relate to the emergence of first clinical symptoms in SZ and BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hester Ver Loren van Themaat
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark; Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Denmark.
| | - Bob Oranje
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark; Department of Psychiatry, UMC Utrecht Brain Center, the Netherlands
| | - Kit Melissa Larsen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark; Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Leo Tomasevic
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Line Korsgaard Johnsen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark; Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Denmark
| | - Anne Amalie Elgaard Thorup
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Kerstin Jessica Plessen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark; Service of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center, University of Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hartwig Roman Siebner
- Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Copenhagen Research Centre for Mental Health - CORE, Mental Health Centre Copenhagen, Mental Health Services, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark; The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research (iPSYCH), Aarhus, Denmark
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10
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Hulgaard D, Rask CU, Boye H, Larsen PV, Christesen HT, Andersen MS, Jensen TK, Bilenberg N. Health anxiety symptoms in Danish children during the first lockdown period of the COVID-19 pandemic: an Odense Child Cohort study. Nord J Psychiatry 2022; 76:330-337. [PMID: 34591725 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2021.1970804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has a severe impact on the general population. During the pandemic, children may develop emotional and psychological symptoms, including increased worries about health and illness, known as health anxiety symptoms (HASs). We aimed to explore HAS in 7-9-year-old children from the Danish Odense Child Cohort (OCC) during the first COVID-19 lockdown period in Denmark, and to examine associations with potential risk factors. MATERIAL AND METHODS OCC is a cohort of children born between 2010 and 2012, which originally recruited 2874 of 6707 pregnancies (43%). Among the current OCC population of 2430 singleton children, 994 participated in this study (response rate 40%). Children and their parents filled out questionnaires about child HAS, family exposure to COVID-19 infection and parental HAS. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were calculated between high score child HAS (≥90th percentile) and covariates by use of logistic regression. RESULTS Most children (n = 686, 69%) reported few worries about their health. Children reporting high score HAS also had higher levels of internalizing symptoms at age 5; aOR 2.15 (1.20;3.85), p = .010, and higher levels of maternal and paternal HAS; aOR 2.40 (1.44;3.97), p = .001, and 2.00 (1.10;3.65), p = .023, whereas no association with child sex or familial exposure to COVID-19 was detected (n = 65, 6.5%). CONCLUSIONS High score child HAS during the first lockdown period of the COVID-19 pandemic was not associated with family exposure to COVID-19 infection, but to being a more anxious child a priori and to HAS in parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ditte Hulgaard
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Odense, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Charlotte Ulrikka Rask
- Department for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aarhus University Hospital, Research Unit, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henriette Boye
- Odense University Hospital, Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,OPEN Patient data Explorative Network (OPEN), University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Pia Veldt Larsen
- Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Henrik Thybo Christesen
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Odense University Hospital, Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Tina Kold Jensen
- Odense University Hospital, Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense, Denmark.,IST - Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Niels Bilenberg
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Odense, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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11
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Mohammadzadeh P, Rosenberg JB, Vinding R, Møllegaard Jepsen JR, Lindberg U, Følsgaard N, Erlang Sørensen M, Sulaiman D, Bilenberg N, Mitta Raghava J, Fagerlund B, Vestergaard M, Pantelis C, Stokholm J, Chawes B, Larsson H, Glenthøj BY, Bønnelykke K, Ebdrup BH, Bisgaard H. Effects of prenatal nutrient supplementation and early life exposures on neurodevelopment at age 10: a randomised controlled trial - the COPSYCH study protocol. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e047706. [PMID: 35105560 PMCID: PMC8808389 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-047706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Nutrient deficiency and immune and inflammatory disturbances in early life may compromise neurodevelopment and be implicated in the aetiology of psychiatric disorders. However, current evidence is limited by its predominantly observational nature. COpenhagen Prospective Study on Neuro-PSYCHiatric Development (COPSYCH) is a research alliance between Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood (COPSAC) and Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research with the overall aim to investigate effects of prenatal and early life exposures on neurodevelopment at 10 years. COPSYCH will investigate the impact of prenatal n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LCPUFA) and high-dose vitamin D supplementation on neurodevelopment reflected by brain development, neurocognition and psychopathology. Moreover, the neurodevelopmental impact of early life exposures such as infections, low grade inflammation and the gut microbiome will be scrutinised. METHODS AND ANALYSIS COPSYCH is based on the prospective and ongoing COPSAC2010 birth cohort of 700 mother-child pairs. Randomised controlled trials of supplementation with n-3 LCPUFA and/or high-dose vitamin D or placebo in the third trimester were embedded in a factorial 2×2 design (ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01233297 and NCT00856947). This unique cohort provides deep phenotyping data from 14 previous clinical follow-up visits and exposure assessments since birth. The ongoing 10-year visit is a 2-day visit. Day 1 includes a comprehensive neurocognitive examination, and assessment of psychopathological dimensions, and assessment of categorical psychopathology. Day 2 includes acquisition of brain structural, diffusion and functional sequences using 3 Tesla MRI. Study outcomes are neurocognitive, psychopathological and MRI measures. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This study has been approved by the Danish National Committee on Health Research Ethics and The Danish Data Protection Agency. The study is conducted in accordance with the guiding principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Parents gave written informed consent before enrolment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parisa Mohammadzadeh
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Julie Bøjstrup Rosenberg
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Rebecca Vinding
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Jens Richardt Møllegaard Jepsen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Ulrich Lindberg
- Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Nilo Følsgaard
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Erlang Sørensen
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Daban Sulaiman
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
- Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Niels Bilenberg
- Department of Clinical Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Odense, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Jayachandra Mitta Raghava
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
- Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birgitte Fagerlund
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Mark Vestergaard
- Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christos Pantelis
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jakob Stokholm
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Bo Chawes
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Henrik Larsson
- Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Clinical Physiology, Nuclear Medicine and PET, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Birte Yding Glenthøj
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus Bønnelykke
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Bjørn H Ebdrup
- Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR) & Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Centre Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hans Bisgaard
- Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
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12
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Dalsager L, Jensen TK, Nielsen F, Grandjean P, Bilenberg N, Andersen HR. No association between maternal and child PFAS concentrations and repeated measures of ADHD symptoms at age 2½ and 5 years in children from the Odense Child Cohort. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2021; 88:107031. [PMID: 34563660 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2021.107031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The potential impact of exposure to perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) on childhood Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity-Disorder (ADHD) is unclear and deserves scrutiny. The majority of previously conducted longitudinal studies found no association between maternal serum-PFAS concentrations and ADHD symptoms in the offspring, but some studies observed possible associations with postnatal PFAS exposures, mainly in girls. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between maternal and child serum concentrations of five PFAS and symptoms of ADHD at ages 2½ and 5 years. METHODS In the Odense Child Cohort (OCC) women were recruited in early pregnancy in 2010-12 and their children are being prospectively followed. Mothers donated serum samples in the first trimester and children at age 18 months to be analyzed for perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) and perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA). Parents completed the Child Behavior Check List for ages 1.5-5 years (CBCL/1½-5), including a 6-item ADHD symptom scale at age 2½ years and again at 5 years. Negative binomial and logistic regression models taking account of repeated measures were used to investigate the association between maternal and child serum-PFAS concentrations and the ADHD symptom score. Effect modification by child sex was investigated as well. RESULTS A total of 1138 mother-child pairs were included. At age 2½ years, 17.4% of the children had an ADHD scale score ≥ 5 (equivalent to the 90th percentile), whereas the proportion was 15.8% at age 5. We found no association between either maternal or child PFAS concentrations in serum and symptoms of ADHD at age 2½ or 5 years, and no evidence of effect modification by sex. CONCLUSION We found no evidence of an association between early-life PFAS exposure and the risk of developing symptoms of ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Dalsager
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Tina Kold Jensen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark; Odense Patient data Explorative Network (OPEN), Odense, Denmark
| | - Flemming Nielsen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Philippe Grandjean
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H.Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Niels Bilenberg
- Research center in Neurodevelopmental Disorders (FOCUS), Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Odense, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Helle Raun Andersen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Environmental Medicine, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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13
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Kaalund-Brok K, Houmann TB, Hebsgaard MB, Lauritsen MBG, Lundstrøm LH, Grønning H, Darling L, Reinert-Petersen S, Petersen MA, Jepsen JRM, Pagsberg AK, Plessen KJ, Rasmussen HB, Jeppesen P. Outcomes of a 12-week ecologically valid observational study of first treatment with methylphenidate in a representative clinical sample of drug naïve children with ADHD. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0253727. [PMID: 34673771 PMCID: PMC8530346 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Randomized placebo-controlled trials have reported efficacy of methylphenidate (MPH) for Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD); however, selection biases due to strict entry criteria may limit the generalizability of the findings. Few ecologically valid studies have investigated effectiveness of MPH in representative clinical populations of children. This independently funded study aims to describe treatment responses and their predictors during the first 12 weeks of MPH treatment using repeated measurements of symptoms and adverse reactions (ARs) to treatment in 207 children recently diagnosed with ADHD. The children were consecutively included from the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Mental Health Services, The Capital Region of Denmark. The children (mean age, 9.6 years [range 7–12], 75.4% males) were titrated with MPH, based on weekly assessments of symptoms (18-item ADHD-rating scale scores, ADHD-RS-C) and ARs. At study-end 187 (90.8%) children reached a mean end-dose of 1.0 mg/kg/day. A normalisation/borderline normalisation on ADHD-RS-C was achieved for 168 (81.2%) children on the Inattention and/or the Hyperactivity-Impulsivity subscale in week 12, and 31 (15.0%) children were nonresponders, which was defined as absence of normalisation/borderline normalisation (n = 19) or discontinuation due to ARs (n = 12), and eight (3.8%) children dropped out from follow-up. Nonresponders were characterised by more severe symptoms of Hyperactivity-Impulsivity and global impairment before the treatment. ARs were few; the most prominent were appetite reduction and weight loss. A decrease in AR-like symptoms during the treatment period questions the validity of currently available standard instruments designed to measure ARs of MPH. This ecologically valid observational study supports prior randomized placebo-controlled trials; 81.2% of the children responded favourably in multiple domains with few harmful effects to carefully titrated MPH. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov with registration number NCT04366609.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Kaalund-Brok
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Research Unit, Mental Health Services, The Capital Region of Denmark, Hellerup, Denmark
- * E-mail:
| | - Tine Bodil Houmann
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Research Unit, Mental Health Services, The Capital Region of Denmark, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Marie Bang Hebsgaard
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Research Unit, Mental Health Services, The Capital Region of Denmark, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Maj-Britt Glenn Lauritsen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Research Unit, Mental Health Services, The Capital Region of Denmark, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Louise Hyldborg Lundstrøm
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Research Unit, Mental Health Services, The Capital Region of Denmark, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Helene Grønning
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Research Unit, Mental Health Services, The Capital Region of Denmark, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Lise Darling
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Research Unit, Mental Health Services, The Capital Region of Denmark, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Susanna Reinert-Petersen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Research Unit, Mental Health Services, The Capital Region of Denmark, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Morten Aagaard Petersen
- The Research Unit, Department of Palliative Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, The Capital Region of Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Richardt Møllegaard Jepsen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Research Unit, Mental Health Services, The Capital Region of Denmark, Hellerup, Denmark
- Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS) and Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Services Glostrup, The Capital Region of Denmark, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Anne Katrine Pagsberg
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Research Unit, Mental Health Services, The Capital Region of Denmark, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Kerstin Jessica Plessen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Research Unit, Mental Health Services, The Capital Region of Denmark, Hellerup, Denmark
| | - Henrik Berg Rasmussen
- Institute of Biological Psychiatry, Mental Health Centre Sct. Hans, Copenhagen University Hospital, The Capital Region of Denmark, Roskilde, Denmark
- Department of Science & Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Pia Jeppesen
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Centre, Research Unit, Mental Health Services, The Capital Region of Denmark, Hellerup, Denmark
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14
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Hamasaki Y, Pionnié-Dax N, Dorard G, Tajan N, Hikida T. Identifying Social Withdrawal (Hikikomori) Factors in Adolescents: Understanding the Hikikomori Spectrum. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2021; 52:808-817. [PMID: 32959142 PMCID: PMC8405474 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-020-01064-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hikikomori is a Japanese term for social withdrawal, ranging from complete inability to venture outdoors to preferring to stay inside. The prevalence of hikikomori is high, up to 1.2% of the Japanese population, but only few studies have examined its emergence in adolescents. Therefore, we sought to identify environmental and psycho-behavioral characteristics related to hikikomori during adolescence. Parents of middle school students who underwent psychiatric outpatient treatment for hikikomori (n = 20) and control group parents (n = 88) completed the Child Behavior Checklist to evaluate their child's psycho-behavioral characteristics and novel scales to evaluate environmental characteristics and hikikomori severity. Scores for all eight Child Behavior Checklist subscales were significantly higher in the experimental group. Multiple regression analysis revealed that "anxious/depressed," "somatic complaints," "lack of communication between parents" and "overuse of the Internet" were significant predictors of hikikomori severity. These findings can help identify individuals who are at risk of developing hikikomori.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukiko Hamasaki
- Faculty of Contemporary Society, Kyoto Women's University, 35, Kitahiyoshi-cho, Imakumano, Higashiyama-ku, Kyoto, 605-8501, Japan.
- Shigasato Hospital, Shiga, Japan.
| | - Nancy Pionnié-Dax
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, EPS ERASME, Antony, France
| | - Géraldine Dorard
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Department, EPS ERASME, Antony, France
- Université de Paris, LPPS, 92100, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Nicolas Tajan
- Psychopathology and Psychoanalysis Laboratory, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Hikida
- Laboratory for Advanced Brain Functions, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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15
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Steenhoff T, Tharner A, Vaever MS. Internalizing and externalizing problems in preschool children: The role of mothers' and fathers' observed parenting behavior in a well-resourced sample. Scand J Psychol 2021; 62:374-385. [PMID: 33719054 DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Empirical evidence links sensitive parenting behavior to positive developmental trajectories in children, whereas parental intrusiveness, in contrast, has been found to increase the risk of socio-emotional problems in children of various ages. However, most studies investigating the effect of parenting behavior have been conducted with mothers. Thus, little is yet known about fathers' role in child development and if mothers' and fathers' parenting behaviors are linked to child socio-emotional outcomes in similar or different ways. To date, findings are ambiguous, and this is why more studies are needed. The present study examined associations between mothers' and fathers' observed sensitivity and intrusiveness and children's internalizing and externalizing problems as reported by parents and by children themselves. The sample compromised 52 mothers, 41 fathers and their preschool children. Results from hierarchical regression analyses showed a negative association between fathers' intrusiveness, at low levels, and children's internalizing problems. This result was unexpected. However, in line with this finding, a number of recent studies suggest that when fathers challenge and push their children's limits, it buffers against emotional problems such as anxiety. The present study highlights the importance of a continuous investigation into fathers' potentially unique contribution to children's socio-emotional development. No other associations were identified between mothers' and fathers' parenting behaviors and children's internalizing and externalizing problems. Most likely, because this study was conducted with a low-risk sample, where children were in general well-functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tine Steenhoff
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Tharner
- Department of Clinical Child and Family Studies, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Mette S Vaever
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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16
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Jørgensen MS, Bo S, Vestergaard M, Storebø OJ, Sharp C, Simonsen E. Predictors of dropout among adolescents with borderline personality disorder attending mentalization-based group treatment. Psychother Res 2021; 31:950-961. [PMID: 33428543 DOI: 10.1080/10503307.2020.1871525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Premature termination from treatment or dropout is prevalent among patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD). To our knowledge, no studies have examined which factors predisposes dropout from therapy among adolescents with BPD. The current study examined sociodemographic, clinical and psychological predictors of dropout among adolescents who attended a one-year treatment program with mentalization-based group treatment (MBT-G).Methods: Participants were 89 female adolescent patients aged 14-18 years who attended MBT-G in a Danish child and adolescent psychiatric service and 56 matched controls who received non-manualized individual sessions (treatment as usual). Forty (45%) dropped out and 49 (55%) completed treatment in MBT-G. Pretreatment predictors included (1) sociodemographic variables such as age, schooling, relationship status and after-school job, (2) clinical measures of self-reported adolescent borderline personality features, depression, self-harm, internalizing and externalizing symptoms, and (3) psychological measures on self-reported reflective functioning (i.e., mentalizing) and attachment to peers and parents.Results: Binary logistic regression analyses revealed that lower reflective functioning was the only significant predictor of dropout in MBT-G. No sociodemographic or clinical variables predicted dropout. No significant predictors of dropout were identified among participants who received treatment as usual.Conclusions: Adolescents with BPD who report low reflective functioning are at increased risk of dropping out of MBT-G treatment but not treatment as usual. These findings highlight that clinicians need to consider level of reflective functioning among adolescents with BPD in MBT or in group therapy and adapt psychotherapy to the needs of the patient in order to reduce dropout.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sune Bo
- Psychiatric Research Unit, Region Zealand, Denmark.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Department, Region Zealand, Denmark
| | - Martin Vestergaard
- Psychiatric Research Unit, Region Zealand, Denmark.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Department, Region Zealand, Denmark
| | - Ole Jakob Storebø
- Psychiatric Research Unit, Region Zealand, Denmark.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Department, Region Zealand, Denmark.,Department of Psychology, University of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Carla Sharp
- Department of Psychology, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Erik Simonsen
- Psychiatric Research Unit, Region Zealand, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark
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17
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Lau-Jensen SH, Asschenfeldt B, Evald L, Hjortdal VE. Hyperactivity and Inattention in Young Patients Born With an Atrial Septal or Ventricular Septal Defect. Front Pediatr 2021; 9:786638. [PMID: 34938699 PMCID: PMC8686760 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2021.786638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Patients with congenital heart defects have a well-established risk of neuropsychiatric comorbidities. Inattention and hyperactivity are three to four times more frequent in children with complex congenital heart defects. We have previously shown a higher burden of overall attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in adults with simple congenital heart defects as well. However, it is unknown whether the higher burden of ADHD symptoms is mainly driven by hyperactivity, inattention, or both. Methods: The participants [simple congenital heart defect = 80 (26.6 years old), controls = 36 (25.3 years old)] and a close relative for each (n = 107) responded to the long version of the Conners' Adults ADHD Rating Scales questionnaire. Our primary and secondary outcomes are mean T-scores in the ADHD scores and symptom sub-scores. Results: Patients with simple congenital heart defects reported a higher mean T-score at all three DSM-IV ADHD scores (ADHD-combined: 52.8 vs. 44.9, p = 0.007, ADHD-inattention: 55.5 vs. 46.4, p = 0.002, and ADHD-hyperactivity: 49.4 vs. 44.0, p = 0.03) and in all four ADHD symptom sub-scores (inattention/memory problems: 50.3 vs. 44.2, p = 0.001, hyperactivity/restlessness: 49.7 vs. 45.9, p = 0.03, impulsivity/emotional lability: 50.0 vs. 41.3, p = 0.001, and self-esteem problems: 53.8 vs. 46.3, p = 0.003). The results were maintained after the removal of outliers (incongruent responses), albeit the hyperactivity/restlessness ADHD symptom sub-score lost significance. Self- and informant ratings differed significantly on the ADHD-inattention score for the congenital heart defect group, where informants rated the ADHD-inattention scores better than the congenital heart defect patients rated themselves. Conclusions: Patients with a simple congenital heart defect have a higher symptom burden across all ADHD scores and all symptom sub-scores. The higher burden of ADHD is driven by both inattention and hyperactivity symptoms, though the inattention symptoms seem more prominent. Close relatives were less aware of the inattention symptoms than the congenital heart defect patients themselves. Routine screening for ADHD symptoms may be warranted to facilitate adequate help and guidance as these symptoms are easily overlooked. Clinical Trial Registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT03871881.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Hirani Lau-Jensen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Benjamin Asschenfeldt
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aalborg, Denmark.,Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lars Evald
- Hammel Neurodelvelopmental Center and University Research Clinic, Hammel, Denmark
| | - Vibeke E Hjortdal
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aalborg, Denmark
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18
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de Vries LP, van de Weijer MP, Ligthart L, Willemsen G, Dolan CV, Boomsma DI, Baselmans BML, Bartels M. A Comparison of the ASEBA Adult Self Report (ASR) and the Brief Problem Monitor (BPM/18-59). Behav Genet 2020; 50:363-373. [PMID: 32419065 PMCID: PMC7441087 DOI: 10.1007/s10519-020-10001-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The adult self report (ASR) is a well-validated instrument with multiple scales relating to adult psychopathology. Recently, an 18-item version has been introduced, the brief problem monitor (BPM) to measure Internalizing behavior (INT), Externalizing behavior (EXT), and attention problems (ATT). The present study compared the BPM and ASR and investigated how well the BPM can serve as a supplement or an alternative for the ASR for specific clinical and scientific purposes. In a large sample of adult twins (N = 9.835) from the Netherlands Twin Register (NTR), we compared the internal consistency, clinical classification concordance, means, and variances of the ASR and BPM. Using the classical twin design, we investigated the genetic covariance structure. For external validation, the associations between subjective well-being and different subscales of the ASR and BPM were compared. The internal consistency of the BPM scales (around α = 0.75) was somewhat lower than the ASR (α ~ 0.85). The BPM Externalizing scale showed the lowest internal consistency (α = 0.63). ASR and BPM scores showed good clinical classification concordance (0.61–0.80) and high correlations (r > 0.88). A small reversed sex difference in the BPM Externalizing scale appeared (women > men). Genetic (0.34–0.54) and environmental components (0.46–0.66) explained the variance to a similar extent for the ASR and BPM. The phenotypic and genetic associations with well-being were comparable. In situations where sum scores are sufficient, the BPM performs as well as the longer ASR. Depending on the situation and goal, it is worth considering the BPM as an alternative for the ASR to reduce the participant burden.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianne P de Vries
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. .,Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Margot P van de Weijer
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lannie Ligthart
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gonneke Willemsen
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Conor V Dolan
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dorret I Boomsma
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Neuroscience Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bart M L Baselmans
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Meike Bartels
- Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Neuroscience Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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19
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Bruchhage MMK, Ngo GC, Schneider N, D'Sa V, Deoni SCL. Functional connectivity correlates of infant and early childhood cognitive development. Brain Struct Funct 2020; 225:669-681. [PMID: 32060640 PMCID: PMC7046571 DOI: 10.1007/s00429-020-02027-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Childhood is defined by the development of cognitive abilities as well as brain growth and function. While prior neuroimaging studies have investigated early development fragmentally, we studied the typical development of functional network connectivity continuously from infancy to childhood (average of 24 months) in 196 singleton term born children, as well as their emergence with age and visual, motor, and language abilities as assessed using the Mullen Scales of Early Learning. We demonstrate a cross-age shift to networks linked to higher-order cognitive processes, paralleling previous findings about developmental courses of functional connectivity networks. When investigating skill associations with functional connectivity independent of age, we revealed distinct network connectivity patterns for visual, motor, and language skills as each of them become more and more refined along childhood development. Specifically, the amount of functional networks recruited increases with skill complexity, with an exceeding involvement of higher order networks enabling daily maintenance and coordination of cognitive functions. Further, both motor and language network connectivity patterns overlapped in network connectivity patterns for the default mode, visual, salience, and dorsal attention networks, possibly implicating their overarching contribution to each other’s and higher cognitive development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel M K Bruchhage
- Advanced Baby Imaging Lab, Women & Infants Hospital of RI, 555 Prospect St, Pawtucket, Providence, RI, 20860, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, 222 Richmond St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA. .,Centre for Neuroimaging Science, Department for Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Giang-Chau Ngo
- Advanced Baby Imaging Lab, Women & Infants Hospital of RI, 555 Prospect St, Pawtucket, Providence, RI, 20860, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, 222 Richmond St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Nora Schneider
- Nestlé Research, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, 1000, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Viren D'Sa
- Advanced Baby Imaging Lab, Women & Infants Hospital of RI, 555 Prospect St, Pawtucket, Providence, RI, 20860, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, 222 Richmond St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA
| | - Sean C L Deoni
- Advanced Baby Imaging Lab, Women & Infants Hospital of RI, 555 Prospect St, Pawtucket, Providence, RI, 20860, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, 222 Richmond St, Providence, RI, 02903, USA.,Department of Radiology, Warren Alpert Medical School at Brown University, 222 Richmond St, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
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20
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Assari S, Islam S. Diminished Protective Effects of Household Income on Internalizing Symptoms among African American than European American Pre-Adolescents. JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS, TRADE AND MARKETING MANAGEMENT 2020; 2:38-56. [PMID: 33241230 DOI: 10.22158/jetmm.v2n4p38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the differential role of race on the effect of household income on pre-adolescents' internalizing symptoms in a national sample of U.S. pre-adolescents. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study that used data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study. Wave 1 ABCD data included 5,913 adolescents between ages 9 and 10 years old. The independent variable was household income. The primary outcome was internalizing symptoms measured by the teacher report of the Brief Problem Monitor (BPM) scale. RESULTS Overall, high household income was associated with lower levels of pre-adolescents internalizing symptoms. Race showed statistically significant interaction with household income on pre-adolescents' internalizing symptoms, controlling for all confounders, indicating weaker protective effect of high household income on internalizing symptoms for African American than European pre-adolescents. CONCLUSION High household income is a more salient protective factor against internalizing symptoms of socially privileged European American pre-adolescents than of historically marginalized African Americans pre-adolescents. Elimination of internalizing behavioral gaps across racial groups requires more than equalizing socioeconomic status. Future research should study the moderating role of institutional and structural racism experienced by African American families across all income levels. Such research may explain why pre-adolescent African Americans with high household income remain at high risk of internalizing symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shervin Assari
- Department of Urban Public Health, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Department of Family Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sondos Islam
- Department of Urban Public Health, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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21
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Dalsager L, Fage-Larsen B, Bilenberg N, Jensen TK, Nielsen F, Kyhl HB, Grandjean P, Andersen HR. Maternal urinary concentrations of pyrethroid and chlorpyrifos metabolites and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in 2-4-year-old children from the Odense Child Cohort. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2019; 176:108533. [PMID: 31229776 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.108533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyrethroids and chlorpyrifos are widely used insecticides, but the potential impact of prenatal exposure on child neurodevelopment has only been addressed in few longitudinal studies. OBJECTIVES To investigate associations between prenatal exposure to pyrethroids and chlorpyrifos and traits of ADHD in 2-4-year-old children. METHODS Metabolites of chlorpyrifos and pyrethroids were measured in maternal urine collected at gestational week 28 among 1207 women from the Odense Child Cohort. Of these, 948 completed the Child Behavior Check List for ages 1.5-5 years (CBCL: 1½-5). Negative binomial and logistic regression models were used to estimate relative differences in ADHD problem scores (CBCL: 1½-5 subscale) expressed as the ratio of expected scores between exposure groups and the odds (OR) of scoring equal to or above the 90th percentile in relation to maternal urinary metabolite concentrations (continuous ln2-transformed or categorized into tertiles). The analyses were adjusted for maternal education level, parental psychiatric diagnosis, child age and sex. RESULTS The chlorpyrifos metabolite, 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPY), the generic pyrethroid metabolite, 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), and the metabolite of trans-isomers of permethrin, cypermethrin, and cyfluthrin, trans-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethylcyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (trans-DCCA), were detected in 90%, 94%, and 11%, respectively, of the urine samples. Each doubling in maternel 3-PBA concentration was associated with a 3% increase in the ADHD score (Ratio: 1.03 (95% CI: 1.00,1.07)) and a 13% higher odds of having a ADHD score ≥ the 90th percentile (OR: 1.13 (1.04,1.38)). Similar associations were seen for 3-PBA as categorical variable (p-trend=0.052 in negative binimoal regression, p-trend=0.007 in logistic regression). Furthermore, concurrent concentrations of 3-PBA and TCPY above their medians were associated with higher ADHD score (Ratio: 1.20 (1.04, 1.38)) and higher odds of scoring ≥ the 90th percentile (OR: 1.98 (1.26, 3.11)). Maternal trans-DCCA above the detection level increased the odds of ADHD symptoms (OR: 1.76 (1.08, 2.86)). The associations were not modified by sex. CONCLUSIONS Prenatal exposure to pyrethroids was associated with ADHD related traits at 2-4 years of age. Considering the widespread use of pyrethroids these results are of concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Dalsager
- Department of Environmental Medicine; Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
| | - Bettina Fage-Larsen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Odense, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Niels Bilenberg
- Department of Child and Adolescent Mental Health Odense, Mental Health Services in the Region of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tina Kold Jensen
- Department of Environmental Medicine; Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Kløvervænget 23 C, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Flemming Nielsen
- Department of Environmental Medicine; Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Henriette Boye Kyhl
- Hans Christian Andersen Children's Hospital, Odense University Hospital, Kløvervænget 23 C, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Philippe Grandjean
- Department of Environmental Medicine; Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Helle Raun Andersen
- Department of Environmental Medicine; Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
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22
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Petersen A, Deoni S, Müller HG. Fréchet estimation of time-varying covariance matrices from sparse data, with application to the regional co-evolution of myelination in the developing brain. Ann Appl Stat 2019. [DOI: 10.1214/18-aoas1195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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23
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Müller AD, Gjøde ICT, Eigil MS, Busck H, Bonne M, Nordentoft M, Thorup AAE. VIA Family-a family-based early intervention versus treatment as usual for familial high-risk children: a study protocol for a randomized clinical trial. Trials 2019; 20:112. [PMID: 30736834 PMCID: PMC6368720 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-019-3191-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children born to parents with a severe mental illness, like schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or major recurrent depression, have an increased risk of developing a mental illness themselves during life. These children are also more likely to have developmental delays, cognitive disabilities, or social problems, and they may have a higher risk than the background population of experiencing adverse life events. This is due to both genetic and environmental factors, but despite the well-documented increased risk for children with a familial high risk, no family-based early intervention has been developed for them. This study aims to investigate the effect of an early intervention that focuses on reducing risk and increasing resilience for children in families where at least one parent has a severe mental illness. METHODS/DESIGN The study is a randomized clinical trial with 100 children aged 6-12 with familial high risk. It is performed in the context of the Danish health-care system. Families will be recruited from registers or be referred from the primary sector or hospitals. The children and their parents will be assessed at baseline and thereafter randomized and allocated to either treatment as usual or VIA Family. The intervention group will be assigned to a multidisciplinary team of specialists from adult mental health services, child and adolescent mental health services, and social services. This team will provide the basic treatment elements: case management, psychoeducation for the whole family, parental training, a safety plan, and potentially an early intervention if the child has mental problems. The study period is 18 months for both groups, and all participants will be assessed at baseline and after 18 months. The primary outcome measure will be daily functioning of the child, and the secondary measures are the psychopathology of the child, days of absence from school, family functioning, child's home environment, and parental stress. DISCUSSION This study is to our knowledge the first to explore the effects of a multidisciplinary team intervention that provides an intensive and flexible support to match the families' needs for children with a familial high risk for severe mental illness. The study will provide important knowledge about the potential for increasing resilience and reducing risk for children by supporting the whole family. However, a longer follow-up period may be needed. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03497663 . Registered on 13 April 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne D Müller
- Research Unit, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Lersø Parkallé 107, 1 th, 2100, Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark.
| | - Ida C T Gjøde
- Research Unit, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Lersø Parkallé 107, 1 th, 2100, Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark.
| | - Mette S Eigil
- Research Unit, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Lersø Parkallé 107, 1 th, 2100, Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
| | - Helle Busck
- Mental Health Center, Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
| | - Merete Bonne
- Municipality of Frederiksberg, Family Department, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- Mental Health Center, Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark.,University of Copenhagen, Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
| | - Anne A E Thorup
- Research Unit, Child and Adolescent Mental Health Center, Lersø Parkallé 107, 1 th, 2100, Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark.,University of Copenhagen, Institute for Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Science, Copenhagen, Capital Region of Denmark, Denmark
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24
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Hatoum AS, Rhee SH, Corley RP, Hewitt JK, Friedman NP. Do executive functions explain the covariance between internalizing and externalizing behaviors? Dev Psychopathol 2018; 30:1371-1387. [PMID: 29144226 PMCID: PMC5955761 DOI: 10.1017/s0954579417001602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This study examined whether executive functions (EFs) might be common features of internalizing and externalizing behavior problems across development. We examined relations between three EF latent variables (a common EF factor and factors specific to updating working memory and shifting sets), constructed from nine laboratory tasks administered at age 17, to latent growth intercept (capturing stability) and slope (capturing change) factors of teacher- and parent-reported internalizing and externalizing behaviors in 885 individual twins aged 7 to 16 years. We then estimated the proportion of intercept-intercept and slope-slope correlations predicted by EF as well as the association between EFs and a common psychopathology factor (P factor) estimated from all 9 years of internalizing and externalizing measures. Common EF was negatively associated with the intercepts of teacher-rated internalizing and externalizing behavior in males, and explained 32% of their covariance; in the P factor model, common EF was associated with the P factor in males. Shifting-specific was positively associated with the externalizing slope across sex. EFs did not explain covariation between parent-rated behaviors. These results suggest that EFs are associated with stable problem behavior variation, explain small proportions of covariance, and are a risk factor that that may depend on gender.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soo Hyun Rhee
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics
| | | | - John K. Hewitt
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics
| | - Naomi P. Friedman
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience
- Institute for Behavioral Genetics
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25
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Deoni S, Dean D, Joelson S, O'Regan J, Schneider N. Early nutrition influences developmental myelination and cognition in infants and young children. Neuroimage 2017; 178:649-659. [PMID: 29277402 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2017.12.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Throughout early neurodevelopment, myelination helps provide the foundation for brain connectivity and supports the emergence of cognitive and behavioral functioning. Early life nutrition is an important and modifiable factor that can shape myelination and, consequently, cognitive outcomes. Differences in the nutritional composition between human breast and formula milk may help explain the functional and cognitive disparity often observed between exclusively breast versus formula-fed children. However, past cognitive and brain imaging studies comparing breast and formula feeding are often: cross-sectional; performed in older children and adolescents relying on parental recall of infant feeding; and generally treat formula-fed children as a single group despite the variability between formula compositions. Here we address some of these weakness by examining longitudinal trajectories of brain and neurocognitive development in children who were exclusively breastfed versus formula-fed for at least 3 months. We further examine development between children who received different formula compositions. Results reveal significantly improved overall myelination in breastfed children accompanied by increased general, verbal, and non-verbal cognitive abilities compared to children who were exclusively formula-fed. These differences were found to persist into childhood even with groups matched for important socioeconomic and demographic factors. We also find significant developmental differences depending on formula composition received and that, in particular, long-chain fatty acids, iron, choline, sphingomyelin and folic acid are significantly associated with early myelination trajectories. These results add to the consensus that prolonged and exclusive breastfeeding plays an important role in early neurodevelopment and childhood cognitive outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Deoni
- Advanced Baby Imaging Lab, Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island, Pawtucket, RI, United States.
| | - Douglas Dean
- University of Wisconsin-Madison, Waisman Centre, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Sarah Joelson
- Advanced Baby Imaging Lab, Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island, Pawtucket, RI, United States
| | | | - Nora Schneider
- Nestle Research Centre, Nestec Ltd, Neurodevelopment & Cognition, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Weeland J, van Aar J, Overbeek G. Dutch Norms for the Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory: Comparisons with other Western Countries. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY AND BEHAVIORAL ASSESSMENT 2017; 40:224-234. [PMID: 29937620 PMCID: PMC5978845 DOI: 10.1007/s10862-017-9639-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
The Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory (ECBI) is one of the most widely used and well-validated parent rating scales for children's disruptive behavior. This screening instrument is a short, targetted and easy to implement inventory with good psychometric properties and is normed for different countries, among which the United States, Spain, Sweden and Norway. The ECBI has been successfully used for research and clinical purposes, in several countries including The Netherlands. To date, Dutch studies have relied on Scandinavian or US norm scores. However, this may be problematic because of cross-cultural differences in the degree to which certain behaviors are seen as problematic by parents. The main goal of this paper therefore was to obtain norm scores for The Netherlands among 6462 Dutch children aged 4 to 8 years (Mage = 6.37 years; SD = 1.32; 50.6% boys). In line with previous research, we found small differences on the mean sum scores across children of different ages (intensity scale) and gender (intensity and problem scale). Therefore, Dutch norm scores were provided age- and gender specific. Our results showed that disruptive behavior of children in the most rural areas was reported as occurring less frequently and was seen as less problematic by parents compared to the disruptive behavior of children in less rural areas. Finally, we found that Dutch norm scores on the ECBI were significantly lower than US norm scores, and significantly higher on the intensity scale (but not the problem scale) than Norwegian and Swedish norm scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Weeland
- Forensic Child and Youth Care, Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jolien van Aar
- Preventive Youth Care, Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Geertjan Overbeek
- Preventive Youth Care, Research Institute of Child Development and Education, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Dang HM, Nguyen H, Weiss B. Incremental validity of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in Vietnam. Asian J Psychiatr 2017; 29:96-100. [PMID: 29061439 PMCID: PMC5679093 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2017.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/28/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Valid but efficient psychiatric assessment is essential for mental health development in Asian low and middle-income countries. This study's objective was to assess the validity of Vietnamese versions of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in Vietnam. METHODS Measures were completed by a community sample of 1314 parents of children 6-16 years old from 10 Vietnamese provinces, and by parents of 208 children recruited from 3 psychiatric facilities in Hanoi. RESULTS Internal consistency was in the fair to excellent range for all CBCL scales (.76-.96) and for the SDQ Total Problems scale (.81); SDQ subscale internal consistency was in the poor to fair range (.31-.73). All CBCL and SDQ scales and most individual items significantly discriminated between referred and non-referred children, with referred children scoring in the more pathological direction; the CBCL had significantly larger referral effect sizes than the SDQ for all four pairs of comparable scales. At the item level, the largest referral status effect for the CBCL were #73 (Sexual Problems), #84 (Strange Behavior), and #91 (Talks about suicide), and for the SDQ they were #10 (Constantly fidgeting), #15 (Easily Distracted) and # 25 (Good Attention Span-reverse scored). Five CBCL (#2 Drinks alcohol; #99 Uses tobacco, #32 Has to be perfect; #53 Overeats; #56A Aches and pains) and one SDQ items (#23 Gets along better with adults than children) did not discriminate referral status, suggesting the influence of cultural values on clinical referrability (e.g., that Vietnamese parents may not see use of tobacco as an issue of concern, or related to health). CONCLUSIONS There is good support for the reliability and validity of the Vietnamese version of the CBCL, and for the SDQ Total Problems scale. Overall, the CBCL appears to be the stronger measure psychometrically, particularly if in-depth assessment is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoang-Minh Dang
- College of Education, Vietnam National University at Hanoi, G7 Building, 144 Xuan Thuy Street, Cau Giay District, Hanoi, Viet Nam.
| | - Ha Nguyen
- National Institute of Mental Health, Bach Mai Hospital, 78 Giai Phong Street, Dong Da District, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| | - Bahr Weiss
- Clinical Sciences Program, Vanderbilt University, 230 Appleton Place, Nashville, TN 37203, USA
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Borge TC, Aase H, Brantsæter AL, Biele G. The importance of maternal diet quality during pregnancy on cognitive and behavioural outcomes in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e016777. [PMID: 28947450 PMCID: PMC5623570 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This systematic review and meta-analysis provides a quantitative summary of the literature exploring the relationship between maternal diet quality during pregnancy and child cognitive and affective outcomes. We investigate whether there are indications for robust associations and aim to identify methodological strengths and challenges of the current research to provide suggestions of improvement for future research. DESIGN AND PARTICIPANTS Relevant studies were identified through a systematic literature search in relevant databases. All studies investigating maternal diet quality during pregnancy in relation to child cognitive or affective functioning in children of elementary school age or younger were assessed for inclusion. RESULTS 18 relevant studies, comprising 63 861 participants were identified. The results indicated a small positive association between better maternal diet quality during pregnancy and child functioning. We observed publication bias and significant heterogeneity between studies, where type of diet classification, publication year and outcome domain together accounted for about 30% of this heterogeneity. Trim and fill analysis substantiated the presence of publication bias for studies in the affective domain and showed an adjusted effect size of Hedge's g=0.088 (p=0.0018) (unadjusted g=0.093 (p=0.03)). We observed no publication bias in the cognitive domain, where results indicated a slightly larger effect size (g=0.14 (p<0.0001)) compared with that of the affective domain. The overall summary effect size was g=0.075 (p<0.0001) adjusted for publication bias (unadjusted g=0.112 (p=0.0001)). Child diet was not systematically controlled for in the majority of the studies. CONCLUSION The results indicated that a better maternal diet quality during pregnancy has a small positive association with child neurodevelopment, with more reliable results seen for cognitive development. These results warrant further research on the association between maternal diet quality during pregnancy and cognitive and affective aspects of child neurodevelopment, whereby it is crucial that future studies account for child diet in the analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiril Cecilie Borge
- Department of Child Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heidi Aase
- Department of Child Development, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne Lise Brantsæter
- Department of Environmental Exposure and Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Guido Biele
- Department of Child Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
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Bean T, Mooijaart A, Eurelings-Bontekoe E, Spinhoven P. Validation of the Teacher’s Report Form for Teachers of Unaccompanied Refugee Minors. JOURNAL OF PSYCHOEDUCATIONAL ASSESSMENT 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/0734282906293688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The psychometric properties of the Dutch Teacher’s Report Form (TRF) for teachers of Unaccompanied Refugee Minors (URM) were evaluated in this study. The teachers ( n = 486) that participated received a Dutch TRF to report on the mental health of the unaccompanied minor. Hierarchical confirmative factor analysis and individual confirmatory factor analyses support the a priori structure of the Dutch TRF. However, the Thought Problems subscale could not be verified in this study, suggesting that some of the problem behavior reported by teachers of URM differs from that of parent reports or that the item constellation of the Dutch TRF is different for teachers of URM. The total Internalizing and Externalizing scales show good internal consistency. The construct and concurrent validity of the Dutch TRF were found to be acceptable. The results suggest that the Dutch TRF is a reliable and valid instrument to assess emotional and behavior problems of URM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy Bean
- Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center,
| | | | | | - Philip Spinhoven
- Leiden University and Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands
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Beck E, Bo S, Gondan M, Poulsen S, Pedersen L, Pedersen J, Simonsen E. Mentalization-based treatment in groups for adolescents with borderline personality disorder (BPD) or subthreshold BPD versus treatment as usual (M-GAB): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Trials 2016; 17:314. [PMID: 27405522 PMCID: PMC4942923 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-016-1431-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence-based outpatient psychotherapeutic programs are first-line treatment of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Early and effective treatment of BPD is crucial to the prevention of its individual, psychosocial, and economic consequences. However, in spite of recent advantages in diagnosing adolescent BPD, there is a lack of cost-effective evidence-based treatment programs for adolescents. Mentalization-based treatment is an evidence-based program for BPD, originally developed for adults. Methods/Design Aims/hypotheses: We will investigate whether a specifically designed mentalization-based treatment in groups is an efficacious treatment for adolescents with BPD or subthreshold BPD compared to treatment as usual. The trial is a four-center, two-armed, parallel-group, assessor-blinded randomized clinical superiority trial. One hundred twelve patients aged 14 to 17 referred to Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics in Region Zealand are randomized to 1 year of either mentalization-based treatment in groups or treatment as usual. Patients will be included if they meet at least four DSM-5 criteria for BPD. The primary outcome is self-reported borderline features at discharge. Secondary outcomes will include self-harm, depression, BPD criteria, externalizing and internalizing symptoms, and social functioning, together with parental reports on borderline features, externalizing and internalizing symptoms. Measures of attachment and mentalization will be included as mediational variables. Follow-up assessment will take place at 3 and 12 months after end of treatment. Discussion This is the first randomized controlled trial to test the efficacy of a group-based mentalization-based treatment for adolescents with BPD or subthreshold BPD. If the results confirm our hypothesis, this trial will add to the treatment options of cost-effective treatment of adolescent BPD. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT02068326, February 19, 2014. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13063-016-1431-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Beck
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Department, Region Zealand, Smedegade 16, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark. .,Psychiatric Research Unit, Region Zealand, Fælledvej 6, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark. .,Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 2A, 1353, Copenhagen K, Denmark.
| | - Sune Bo
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Department, Region Zealand, Smedegade 16, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark.,Psychiatric Research Unit, Region Zealand, Fælledvej 6, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Matthias Gondan
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 2A, 1353, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Stig Poulsen
- Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 2A, 1353, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Liselotte Pedersen
- Psychiatric Research Unit, Region Zealand, Fælledvej 6, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark.,Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 2A, 1353, Copenhagen K, Denmark
| | - Jesper Pedersen
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Department, Region Zealand, Smedegade 16, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Erik Simonsen
- Psychiatric Research Unit, Region Zealand, Fælledvej 6, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 9, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Sakyi KS, Surkan PJ, Fombonne E, Chollet, Melchior M. Childhood friendships and psychological difficulties in young adulthood: an 18-year follow-up study. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2015; 24:815-26. [PMID: 25316094 PMCID: PMC4398590 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-014-0626-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 10/03/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Childhood friendships have been shown to impact mental health over the short term; however, it is unclear whether these effects are sustained into young adulthood. We studied the prospective association between childhood friendships and psychological difficulties in young adulthood. Data come from 1,103 French 22-35 year olds participating in the TEMPO study. Childhood friendships were ascertained in 1991 when participants were 4-16 years old. Psychological difficulties were measured in 2009 using the Adult Self-Report. Logistic regression models controlled for participants' age, sex, childhood psychological difficulties and parental characteristics. Young adults who had no childhood friends had higher odds of psychological difficulties than those with at least one friend: (adjusted ORs 2.45; 95% CI 1.32-4.66, p = 0.01 for high internalizing symptoms; 1.81; 95% CI 0.94-3.54, p = 0.08 for high externalizing symptoms). Social relations early in life may have consequences for adult psychological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwame S. Sakyi
- Social and Behavioral Interventions Program, Dept. of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe, Street, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA; and ; phone: 410-502-7396, fax: 410-502-6733
| | - Pamela J. Surkan
- Social and Behavioral Interventions Program, Dept. of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe, Street, Baltimore, Maryland, 21205, USA; and ; phone: 410-502-7396, fax: 410-502-6733
| | - Eric Fombonne
- Oregon Health & Science University, Department of Psychiatry, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Chollet
- INSERM, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Epidemiology of occupational and social determinants of health, F-94807, Villejuif, France
- Univ Versailles St-Quentin, F-78035, Versailles, France
| | - Maria Melchior
- INSERM, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), U1018, Epidemiology of occupational and social determinants of health, F-94807, Villejuif, France
- Univ Versailles St-Quentin, F-78035, Versailles, France
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Dalsgaard S, Nielsen HS, Simonsen M. Consequences of ADHD medication use for children's outcomes. JOURNAL OF HEALTH ECONOMICS 2014; 37:137-51. [PMID: 24997381 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhealeco.2014.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
This paper estimates effects of early ADHD medication use on key human capital outcomes for children diagnosed with ADHD while using rarely available register based data on diagnoses and prescription drug purchases. Our main identification strategy exploits plausible exogenous assignment of children to hospitals with specialist physicians, while our analysis of health outcomes also allows for an individual level panel data strategy. We find that the behavior of specialist physicians varies considerably across hospitals and that the prescribing behavior does affect the probability that a given child is treated. Results show that children diagnosed with ADHD in pharmacological treatment have fewer hospital contacts if treated and that treatment to some extent protects against criminal behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Søren Dalsgaard
- National Center for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Denmark.
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Rescorla LA, Bochicchio L, Achenbach TM, Ivanova MY, Almqvist F, Begovac I, Bilenberg N, Bird H, Dobrean A, Erol N, Fombonne E, Fonseca A, Frigerio A, Fung DSS, Lambert MC, Leung PWL, Liu X, Marković I, Markovic J, Minaei A, Ooi YP, Roussos A, Rudan V, Simsek Z, van der Ende J, Weintraub S, Wolanczyk T, Woo B, Weiss B, Weisz J, Zukauskiene R, Verhulst FC. Parent–Teacher Agreement on Children's Problems in 21 Societies. JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY 2014; 43:627-42. [DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2014.900719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Esparó G, Canals J, Torrente M, Fernández-Ballart JD. Psychological problems and associated factors at 6 years of age: Differences between sexes. SPANISH JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2014; 7:53-62. [PMID: 15139248 DOI: 10.1017/s1138741600004741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In a non-clinical group of 130 children (65 boys and 65 girls), we evaluated the relationships between psychological problems using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) reported by parents, the Inattention Overactivity With Aggression (IOWA) scale reported by teachers, individual factors (Intellectual quotient [IQ], temperament and heart rate) and environmental factors (stress events, mother's profession and being or not being an only child). We found no differences between the sexes in the prevalence of total psychological problems in the clinical range, but girls had significantly more borderline total problems than boys. Girls tended to have more externalizing problems than boys. In boys, there were more links between individual and environmental factors and psychological problems, especially externalizing problems. A high score in psychological problems assessed by the CBCL affected the school performance of boys and the social performance of girls. For boys, IQ was significantly lower when the score for total behavioral problems was higher, and for girls IQ was significantly lower when the score for externalizing problems was higher. Understanding the different levels of vulnerability of the sexes at different periods of development may help to improve the treatment children in this age group receive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Griselda Esparó
- Unidad de Medicina Preventiva y Salud Publica, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud y Medicina, Universidad Rovira I Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, E43201 Reus, Cataluña, Spain.
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Rasmussen CS, Nielsen LG, Petersen DJ, Christiansen E, Bilenberg N. Adverse life events as risk factors for behavioural and emotional problems in a 7-year follow-up of a population-based child cohort. Nord J Psychiatry 2014; 68:189-95. [PMID: 23692285 DOI: 10.3109/08039488.2013.794473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM The aim of the study was to identify risk factors for significant changes in emotional and behavioural problem load in a community-based cohort of Danish children aged 9-16 years, the risk factors being seven parental and two child-related adverse life events. METHODS Data on emotional and behavioural problems was obtained from parents filling in the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) when the child was 8-9 and again when 15 years old. Data on risk factors was drawn from Danish registers. Analysis used was logistic regression for crude and adjusted change. RESULTS Parental divorce significantly raised the odds ratio of an increase in emotional and behavioural problems; furthermore, the risk of deterioration in problem behaviour rose significantly with increasing number of adverse life events. By dividing the children into four groups based on the pathway in problem load (increasers, decreasers, high persisters and low persisters), we found that children with a consistently high level of behavioural problems also had the highest number of adverse life events compared with any other group. CONCLUSIONS Family break-up was found to be a significant risk factor. This supports findings in previous studies. The fact that no other risk factor proved to be of significance might be due to lack of power in the study. Children experiencing high levels of adverse life events are at high risk of chronic problem behaviour. Thus these risk factors should be assessed in daily clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathrine Skovmand Rasmussen
- Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Department, Mental Health Hospital and University Clinic, Region of Southern Denmark, University of Southern Denmark , Sdr. Boulevard 29, DK-5000 Odense C , Denmark
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Gritti A, Bravaccio C, Signoriello S, Salerno F, Pisano S, Catone G, Gallo C, Pascotto A. Epidemiological study on behavioural and emotional problems in developmental age: prevalence in a sample of Italian children, based on parent and teacher reports. Ital J Pediatr 2014; 40:19. [PMID: 24533835 PMCID: PMC3972618 DOI: 10.1186/1824-7288-40-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence of behavioural and emotional problems in a sample of school children living in Campania, a region of South Italy. METHODS The Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) Parent Report Form (PRF) and the CBCL Teacher Rating Form (TRF) were administered to parents and teachers of a sample of school children aged 8-9 yr. RESULTS The subjects (SS) eligible for the study were 3072. In 2137 (69.5%) cases parents returned the envelopes back. 1228 (57.4%) subjects were excluded because of lack of signed consensus, unfilled or incomplete forms. Parents reported children's behavioural or emotional Total Problems in 14.7% of the SS. (5.2% borderline, 9.5% clinical), Internalizing Problems in 18.5% (8.0% borderline, 10.5% clinical), and Externalizing Problems in 8.5% (3.8% borderline, 4.7% clinical) respectively. At the Competence Scale of CBCL more than 2/3 of the sample show high rate for Total Competence Problem (24.3% borderline, 47.3% clinical.) Teachers reported 8.7% of SS having Total Problems, (4.3% borderline, 4.4% clinical), Internalizing problems were detected in 13.3% of the sample (4.9% borderline and 8.4% clinical), while Externalizing problems were reported for 9.6% of SS (4.1% borderline and 5.5% clinical). In the sub-scale of Academic Performances teachers report a high number of subjects with problems, 18.7%, whose 4.3% had a "borderline" score, and 14.4% had a "clinical" score. CONCLUSION Concerning Total Problems (clinical and borderline SS, 14.7% as reported by parents, 8.7% as reported by teachers) we obtained a prevalence similar to that reported in the rest of the country, with differences in gender (males 13.2%, females 16.0% as reported by parents; males 7.4%, females 9.7% as reported by teachers). The difficulties in social and relationship competencies area were higher (4/10 children). This datum should be cautiously evaluated because the possible inadequacy of CBCL competences scale.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carmela Bravaccio
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University Federico II of Naples, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
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Nordenbæk C, Jørgensen M, Kyvik KO, Bilenberg N. A Danish population-based twin study on autism spectrum disorders. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2014; 23:35-43. [PMID: 23661220 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-013-0419-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Genetic epidemiological studies of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) based on twin pairs ascertained from the population and thoroughly assessed to obtain a high degree of diagnostic validity are few. All twin pairs aged 3-14 years in the nationwide Danish Twin Registry were approached. A three-step procedure was used. Five items from the "Child Behaviour Checklist" (CBCL) were used in the first screening phase, while screening in the second phase included the "Social and Communication Questionnaire" and the "Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire". The final clinical assessment was based on "gold standard" diagnostic research procedures including diagnostic interview, observation and cognitive examination. Classification was based on DSM-IV-TR criteria. The initial sample included 7,296 same-sexed twin pairs and, after two phases of screening and clinical assessment, the final calculations were based on 36 pairs. The probandwise concordance rate for ASD was 95.2% in monozygotic (MZ) twins (n=13 pairs) and 4.3% in dizygotic (DZ) twins (n=23 pairs). The high MZ and low DZ concordance rate support a genetic aetiology to ASDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Nordenbæk
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Odense, University of Southern Denmark, Sdr. Boulevard 29, 5000, Odense C, Denmark,
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Jozefiak T, Larsson B, Wichstrøm L, Rimehaug T. Competence and emotional/behavioural problems in 7-16-year-old Norwegian school children as reported by parents. Nord J Psychiatry 2012; 66:311-9. [PMID: 22171934 DOI: 10.3109/08039488.2011.638934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies from Nordic countries suggest that parent ratings of children's emotional and behavioural problems using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) are among the lowest in the world. However, there has been no Norwegian population study with acceptable response rates to provide valid Norwegian reference data. AIMS Firstly, to compare CBCL Internalizing, Externalizing, Total Problems and Competence scores of Norwegian children and adolescents with those from 1) previous Norwegian studies, 2) other Nordic countries, and 3) international data. Secondly, to present Norwegian reference data in order to perform these comparisons. Thirdly, to investigate the effects of age, gender, socio-economic and urban/rural status on the CBCL. METHODS A stratified cluster sample of 2582 school children (1302 girls and 1280 boys) was identified from the general Norwegian population and their parents were asked to complete the CBCL. RESULTS The response rate was 65.5%. The mean Total Problems score for the whole sample was 14.2 (standard deviation, s = 14.1). Girls were rated as having greater Competence and fewer Total Problems than boys. Younger children had more Total Problems than adolescents. Parents with low education reported more child Total Problems and lower Competence than those with high education. All effect sizes were small, except for the effect of parental education on child Competence, which was moderate. CONCLUSIONS Total Problems scores were lower than in other societies. The data from this study obtained from one county in central Norway provide an important reference for clinical practice and treatment outcome research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Jozefiak
- Department of Neuroscience, The Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway. thomas.jozefi
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Lekhal R. Do type of childcare and age of entry predict behavior problems during early childhood? Results from a large Norwegian longitudinal study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL DEVELOPMENT 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/0165025411431409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Associations between type and age of entry into Norwegian universally-accessible childcare and children’s behavior problems at age 3 years were examined in this study. Data from 73,068 children in the large population-based, prospective Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) were used, and included information about childcare arrangements, behavior problems, and a variety of covariates. The results provided little support for childcare being related to children’s behavior problems at age 3 years when controlling for covariates. In fact, previous research has indicated that children may benefit from Norway’s childcare in other areas, such as language development. Results are discussed in relation to differences in countries' early childhood policies as a possible factor explaining discrepancies across studies.
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Ang RP, Rescorla LA, Achenbach TM, Ooi YP, Fung DSS, Woo B. Examining the criterion validity of CBCL and TRF problem scales and items in a large Singapore sample. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 2012; 43:70-86. [PMID: 21901541 DOI: 10.1007/s10578-011-0253-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the criterion validity of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Teacher's Report Form (TRF) problem scales and items in demographically-matched Singapore samples of referred and non-referred children (840 in each sample for the CBCL and 447 in each sample for the TRF). Internal consistency estimates for both the CBCL and TRF scales were good. Almost all CBCL and TRF problem scales and items significantly discriminated between referred and non-referred children, with referred children scoring higher, as expected. The largest referral status effects were on attention problems scales and their associated items, with the TRF having larger effects than the CBCL. Effect sizes for demographic variables such as age, gender, ethnicity and SES were much smaller than effect sizes for referral status, across both the CBCL and TRF forms and at both the scale and item levels. These findings suggest that teachers can be effective partners in identifying children who need mental health services and those who do not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca P Ang
- Division of Psychology, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore.
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LARSSON BO, DRUGLI MAYBRITT. School competence and emotional/behavioral problems among Norwegian school children as rated by teachers on the Teacher Report Form. Scand J Psychol 2011; 52:553-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9450.2011.00889.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Kieffer-Kristensen R, Teasdale TW, Bilenberg N. Post-traumatic stress symptoms and psychological functioning in children of parents with acquired brain injury. Brain Inj 2011; 25:752-60. [DOI: 10.3109/02699052.2011.579933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Bilenberg N, Hougaard D, Norgaard-Pedersen B, Nordenbæk CM, Olsen J. Twin study on transplacental-acquired antibodies and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder--a pilot study. J Neuroimmunol 2011; 236:72-5. [PMID: 21601295 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2011.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2010] [Revised: 04/10/2011] [Accepted: 04/24/2011] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We hypothesize that maternal transplacentally acquired antibodies may cause Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) symptoms years after birth, and tested the hypothesis in twins discordant for ADHD symptoms. METHOD In a pre-screened sample of 7793 same sex twin pair's (4-18 years) questionnaire data on hyperactivity and inattention was collected. Blood samples taken 5 days after birth from 190 ADHD-score discordant pairs (15% MZ) were analyzed for antibodies. RESULTS Pneumococcus Polysaccaride 14 (PnPs14) was present in the ADHD high scoring twin more often than in the lower scoring twin (P=0.04). CONCLUSION Although the study provides no strong support for the hypothesis, infection or immunological factors may be one among several causes of ADHD. The genetic control obtained in a twin design may reduce the exposure contrast and a larger sample is needed to further explore the role of PnPs14 in the etiology of ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Bilenberg
- Child and adolescent Psychiatric Dept., University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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Pogliani L, Spiri D, Penagini F, Nello FD, Duca P, Zuccotti GV. Headache in children and adolescents aged 6-18 years in northern Italy: prevalence and risk factors. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2011; 15:234-40. [PMID: 21177128 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2010.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2010] [Revised: 11/08/2010] [Accepted: 11/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Aim of this study is to examine the epidemiology of paediatric headache and periodic syndromes in a school population and to evaluate the co-existence of environmental predisposing conditions. DESIGN AND METHODS A 60-item questionnaire was completed by a school-based sample (n = 1536, ages 6-18 years). Diagnostic assessment of primary headache and periodic syndromes was established in first section; predisposing conditions in the second section; while the third section quantified the frequency of self medication and identified drugs most frequently used. RESULTS Headache was reported by 62.1% of subjects. Socioeconomic status, composition of family unit and nutrition habits in the first year of life did not appear significantly different in subjects with headache compared to healthy controls. A good sleep quality was found in 95.2% of healthy controls, in 89.4% of children with occasional headache. Recurrent abdominal pain, motor weakness and car sickness was significantly higher in primary headache group compared to occasional headache. Depressive/anxious traits were significantly higher in primary headache and occasional headache groups than in healthy controls. The frequency of aggressive traits was also higher in children with primary headache compared to occasional headache and healthy control subjects. 72.5% of subjects with primary headache and 58.4% of children with occasional headache assumed medicines to relieve pain. Paracetamol was the most frequently assumed drug. CONCLUSIONS Our data show a more frequent occurrence of anxious/depressive profile in children suffering from primary headache. In agreement with literature data, this research points out that self-treatment is a relevant problem in paediatric headache.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pogliani
- Department of Pediatrics, L. Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Kristensen S, Henriksen TB, Bilenberg N. The Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 1.5-5 (CBCL/1(1/2)-5): assessment and analysis of parent- and caregiver-reported problems in a population-based sample of Danish preschool children. Nord J Psychiatry 2010; 64:203-9. [PMID: 20085433 DOI: 10.3109/08039480903456595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychometric instruments are used increasingly within research and clinical settings, and therefore standardization has become an important prerequisite, even for investigating very young children. Currently, there are no standardized psychometric instruments available for assessment of preschool children in Denmark. AIMS The aim was to achieve Danish national norm scores for the Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 1(1/2)-5 (CBCL/1(1/2)-5) and the Caregiver Report Form (C-TRF). METHODS The study was based on an age- and gender-stratified cohort sample of 1750 children aged 1(1/2)-5 years born at Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark. The CBCL/1(1/2)-5 and C-TRF were mailed to parents, who were asked to pass on the C-TRF to the preschool caregiver. The national standard register data gave access to information on socio-economic status, family type, ethnicity and parental educational level for analysis of participation and representation. RESULTS A total number of 850 (49%) families replied, and 624 caregivers replied. The mean Total Problem Score (TPS) with 95% confidence interval was 17.3 (16.3-18.3) for parents' reports. Age-and gender-specific scale score findings for Danish preschoolers and schoolchildren were comparable. No differences were found in the mean TPS within subgroups related to parental socio-demographic features. CONCLUSION On the basis of a large sample, Danish national norm scores and profiles of the ASEBA Preschool Forms were established; the scores of descendents must, however, be assessed with some caution. With this reservation, the CBCL/1(1/2)-5 and C-TRF forms are now available in Danish and can be recommended for use in clinical and research settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solvejg Kristensen
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Research unit, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
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Halleröd SLH, Larson T, Ståhlberg O, Carlström E, Gillberg C, Anckarsäter H, Råstam M, Lichtenstein P, Gillberg C. The Autism--Tics, AD/HD and other Comorbidities (A-TAC) telephone interview: convergence with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Nord J Psychiatry 2010; 64:218-24. [PMID: 20192892 DOI: 10.3109/08039480903514443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare telephone interview screening for child psychiatric/neuropsychiatric disorders using the inventory of Autism-Tics, Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) and other Comorbidities (A-TAC) with results from the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). BACKGROUND The A-TAC is a parent telephone interview focusing on autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and co-existing problems, developed for lay interviewers. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A-TAC telephone interviews and CBCL questionnaires were obtained from parents of 106 Swedish twin pairs aged 9 and 12 years. RESULTS Correlations between A-TAC modules and CBCL scales aimed at measuring similar concepts were generally significant albeit modest, with correlation coefficients ranging from 0.30 through 0.55. CONCLUSION The A-TAC has convergent validity with the CBCL in several problem areas, but the A-TAC also provides more detailed and specific assessments of ASD symptoms and related neuropsychiatric problems.
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Debes N, Hjalgrim H, Skov L. The presence of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder worsen psychosocial and educational problems in Tourette syndrome. J Child Neurol 2010; 25:171-81. [PMID: 19482837 DOI: 10.1177/0883073809336215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We assessed the psychosocial and educational consequences of Tourette syndrome using a structured interview and child behavior checklist in 314 children with Tourette syndrome and 81 healthy controls. Of the children with Tourette syndrome, 59.0% needed some kind of educational support, 44.7% had been teased, and 61.8% withheld themselves from taking part in social activities because of Tourette syndrome-related problems. There were significantly more psychosocial and educational problems in children with Tourette syndrome compared with healthy controls. A higher rate of these problems was also seen if the comorbidities attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and/or obsessive compulsive disorder were present. It is very important for the physicians, teachers, and other professionals to be aware of the high prevalence of these social and educational problems to be able to deal with them and to teach the families to cope with them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nanette Debes
- Pediatric Department, Glostrup University Hospital, Denmark.
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Thastum M, Watson M, Kienbacher C, Piha J, Steck B, Zachariae R, Baldus C, Romer G. Prevalence and predictors of emotional and behavioural functioning of children where a parent has cancer. Cancer 2009; 115:4030-9. [DOI: 10.1002/cncr.24449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Update on neonatal anesthetic neurotoxicity: insight into molecular mechanisms and relevance to humans. Anesthesiology 2009; 110:703-8. [PMID: 19276968 DOI: 10.1097/aln.0b013e31819c42a4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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THASTUM MIKAEL, RAVN KRISTINE, SOMMER SØREN, TRILLINGSGAARD ANEGEN. Reliability, validity and normative data for the Danish Beck Youth Inventories. Scand J Psychol 2009; 50:47-54. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9450.2008.00690.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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