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Hopkins K, Antelmi A, Dahlin J, Olsson K, Svedman C, Åstrand J, Bruze M. Increased Rates of Gold and Acrylate Allergy in Individuals with Fibromyalgia Tested with an Extended Dental Patch Test Series. Acta Derm Venereol 2023; 103:adv22336. [PMID: 38078690 PMCID: PMC10726376 DOI: 10.2340/actadv.v103.22336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibromyalgia is a common chronic pain condition. Rates of contact allergy in individuals with fibromyalgia have not been widely studied. Systemic contact allergy can present with muscle and joint pain and general malaise. The aim of this study is to investigate contact allergy rates in individuals with fibromyalgia to the sensitizers in an extended dental series and compare with control groups. Contact allergy to gold was significantly more common in the fibromyalgia group than the dermatitis control group. When corrected for patch test system, contact allergy to gold was significantly more common in the fibromyalgia group than the dental control group. Contact allergy to hydroxyethyl methacrylate and grouped acrylates and methacrylates was significantly more common in the fibromyalgia group than the dental control group. In conclusion, individuals with fibromyalgia may have a propensity to sensitization to gold, either via an increased exposure or an alteration in the oral environment. Gold is also implicated in systemic contact dermatitis and may be a factor in elicitation of symptoms in individuals with fibromyalgia. Acrylate allergy is also common in the fibromyalgia population and may be a consequence of occupational exposure or dental treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharine Hopkins
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden; Department of Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden.
| | - Annarita Antelmi
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jakob Dahlin
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Karin Olsson
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Svedman
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jacqueline Åstrand
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
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Sullivan DA, da Costa AX, Del Duca E, Doll T, Grupcheva CN, Lazreg S, Liu SH, McGee SR, Murthy R, Narang P, Ng A, Nistico S, O'Dell L, Roos J, Shen J, Markoulli M. TFOS Lifestyle: Impact of cosmetics on the ocular surface. Ocul Surf 2023; 29:77-130. [PMID: 37061220 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
In this report the use of eye cosmetic products and procedures and how this represents a lifestyle challenge that may exacerbate or promote the development of ocular surface and adnexal disease is discussed. Multiple aspects of eye cosmetics are addressed, including their history and market value, psychological and social impacts, possible problems associated with cosmetic ingredients, products, and procedures, and regulations for eye cosmetic use. In addition, a systematic review that critically appraises randomized controlled trial evidence concerning the ocular effects of eyelash growth products is included. The findings of this systematic review highlight the evidence gaps and indicate future directions for research to focus on ocular surface outcomes associated with eyelash growth products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ester Del Duca
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Sihem Lazreg
- Lazreg Cornea and Ocular Surface Center, Blida, Algeria
| | - Su-Hsun Liu
- University of Colorado, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | | | | | - Alison Ng
- Centre for Ocular Research & Education, School of Optometry and Vision Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada
| | - Steven Nistico
- Department of Dermatology, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy
| | | | | | - Joanne Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic in Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Maria Markoulli
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW Sydney, NSW, Australia
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3
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Clinical Features of Contact Dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36335-2_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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4
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Mizutani H, Nixon RL. The Australian Baseline Series. Contact Dermatitis 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36335-2_68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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5
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The Australian Baseline Series. Contact Dermatitis 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72451-5_68-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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6
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Screening for Gold Sensitization in Consecutive Eczema Patients: Prevalence, Relevance, and Sources of Exposure. Dermatitis 2019; 30:222-226. [DOI: 10.1097/der.0000000000000477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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7
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Veien NK. Clinical Features of Contact Dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-72451-5_15-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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8
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9
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Toholka R, Wang YS, Tate B, Tam M, Cahill J, Palmer A, Nixon R. The first Australian Baseline Series: Recommendations for patch testing in suspected contact dermatitis. Australas J Dermatol 2014; 56:107-15. [DOI: 10.1111/ajd.12186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Toholka
- Occupational Dermatology Research and Education Centre; Skin and Cancer Foundation Inc; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Yi-Shi Wang
- Occupational Dermatology Research and Education Centre; Skin and Cancer Foundation Inc; Melbourne Victoria Australia
- W Skin and Laser Clinic; Mount Elizabeth Novena Specialist Centre; Singapore
| | - Bruce Tate
- Occupational Dermatology Research and Education Centre; Skin and Cancer Foundation Inc; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Mei Tam
- Occupational Dermatology Research and Education Centre; Skin and Cancer Foundation Inc; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Jennifer Cahill
- Occupational Dermatology Research and Education Centre; Skin and Cancer Foundation Inc; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Amanda Palmer
- Occupational Dermatology Research and Education Centre; Skin and Cancer Foundation Inc; Melbourne Victoria Australia
| | - Rosemary Nixon
- Occupational Dermatology Research and Education Centre; Skin and Cancer Foundation Inc; Melbourne Victoria Australia
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Abstract
Hand eczema is often a chronic, multifactorial disease. It is usually related to occupational or routine household activities. Exact etiology of the disease is difficult to determine. It may become severe enough and disabling to many of patients in course of time. An estimated 2-10% of population is likely to develop hand eczema at some point of time during life. It appears to be the most common occupational skin disease, comprising 9-35% of all occupational diseases and up to 80% or more of all occupational contact dermatitis. So, it becomes important to find the exact etiology and classification of the disease and to use the appropriate preventive and treatment measures. Despite its importance in the dermatological practice, very few Indian studies have been done till date to investigate the epidemiological trends, etiology, and treatment options for hand eczema. In this review, we tried to find the etiology, epidemiology, and available treatment modalities for chronic hand eczema patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rahul Gupta
- Department of Dermatology, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, India
| | - Puneet Agarwal
- Department of Dermatology, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Jaipur, India
| | - Sheetal Napalia
- Department of Dermatology, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Jaipur, India
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11
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Svedman C, Möller H, Gruvberger B, Gustavsson CG, Dahlin J, Persson L, Bruze M. Implants and contact allergy: are sensitizing metals released as haptens from coronary stents? Contact Dermatitis 2014; 71:92-7. [DOI: 10.1111/cod.12242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2013] [Revised: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Svedman
- Department of Occupational Environmental Dermatology; Skåne University Hospital, Lund University; 205 02 Malmö Sweden
| | - Halvor Möller
- Department of Occupational Environmental Dermatology; Skåne University Hospital, Lund University; 205 02 Malmö Sweden
| | - Birgitta Gruvberger
- Department of Occupational Environmental Dermatology; Skåne University Hospital, Lund University; 205 02 Malmö Sweden
| | - Carl-Gunnar Gustavsson
- Department of Cardiology; Skåne University Hospital, Lund University; 205 02 Malmö Sweden
| | - Jakob Dahlin
- Department of Occupational Environmental Dermatology; Skåne University Hospital, Lund University; 205 02 Malmö Sweden
| | - Lena Persson
- Department of Occupational Environmental Dermatology; Skåne University Hospital, Lund University; 205 02 Malmö Sweden
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Department of Occupational Environmental Dermatology; Skåne University Hospital, Lund University; 205 02 Malmö Sweden
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12
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Clinical Features. Contact Dermatitis 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-03827-3_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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13
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14
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Ekqvist S, Lundh T, Svedman C, Björk J, Möller H, Nilsson L, Bruze M. Does gold concentration in the blood influence the result of patch testing to gold? Br J Dermatol 2009; 160:1016-21. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2009.09065.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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15
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Ekqvist S, Svedman C, Lundh T, Möller H, Björk J, Bruze M. A correlation found between gold concentration in blood and patch test reactions in patients with coronary stents. Contact Dermatitis 2008; 59:137-42. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2008.01401.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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16
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Ekqvist S, Svedman C, Möller H, Kehler M, Pripp CM, Björk J, Gruvberger B, Holmström E, Gustavsson CG, Bruze M. High frequency of contact allergy to gold in patients with endovascular coronary stents. Br J Dermatol 2007; 157:730-8. [PMID: 17711524 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.2007.08119.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stent implantation is an effective method for treatment of atherosclerotic disease. Factors predisposing to in-stent restenosis are still largely unknown. Contact allergy to metal ions eluted from the stent has been suggested to be a risk factor. OBJECTIVES To explore whether there is a possible induction of contact allergy to metals used in stents among patients with a stainless steel stent containing nickel (Ni stent) and patients with a gold-plated stent (Au stent). METHODS Adults (n = 484) treated with coronary stent implantation participated in the study with patch testing. The study design was retrospective and cross-sectional with no assessment of contact allergy before stenting. Age- and sex-matched patch-tested patients with dermatitis (n = 447) served as controls. RESULTS Of Au-stented patients, 54 of 146 (37%) were allergic to gold compared with 85 of 447 (19%) controls (P < 0.001). Within the stented population there were no statistically significant differences in contact allergy to gold or nickel between Ni-stented and Au-stented patients. In multivariate models where other risk factors for contact allergy to gold were considered, the Au stent showed a trend towards statistical significance (odds ratio 1.43, 95% confidence interval 0.95-2.16; P = 0.09). CONCLUSIONS As the frequency of contact allergy to gold is higher in stented patients independent of stent type it suggests a previous sensitization. However, several pieces of circumstantial evidence as well as statistical analysis indicate the possibility of sensitization in the coronary vessel by the Au stent. Ni stents and Au stents should not be ruled out as risk factors for induction of contact allergy to these metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ekqvist
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Malmö University Hospital, Lund University, 205 02 Malmö, Sweden.
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17
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Andersen KE, Jensen CD. Long-lasting patch reactions to gold sodium thiosulfate occurs frequently in healthy volunteers. Contact Dermatitis 2007; 56:214-7. [PMID: 17343622 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.2007.01049.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In a skin irritancy study in healthy volunteers with 3 metal salts, aqueous gold sodium thiosulfate (GSTS) in a dilution series caused unexpectedly frequent and strong patch test reactions on volar forearm skin in 22 of 31 participants (71%). The reactions showed morphological features consistent with a contact allergic reaction, and the crescendo type of the response speaks in favour of an allergic nature. Further, 8 of the 31 (26%) developed long-lasting test reactions. A follow-up interview among 28/31 participants 10 years later showed that none had experienced long-term consequences in the form of skin and/or mucosal complaints related to exposure to gold items. The results indicate that inclusion of GSTS in routine patch testing may cause problems regarding interpretation and clinical relevance of positive GSTS patch tests, which fulfil the clinical criteria of a contact allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus E Andersen
- Department of Dermatology, Odense University Hospital, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark.
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18
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Sperber BR, Allee J, Elenitsas R, James WD. Papular dermatitis and a persistent patch test reaction to gold sodium thiosulfate. Contact Dermatitis 2003; 48:204-8. [PMID: 12786725 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0536.2003.00081.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The role of gold in allergic contact dermatitis is poorly understood and is a subject of increasing interest. Recent studies demonstrate that gold-positive patch testing is not uncommon, but persistent patch test reactions are rarely reported. We present a case of a 53-year-old woman with a 7-year history of a scattered, pruritic papular dermatitis. Patch testing demonstrated a persistent, positive reaction to gold sodium thiosulfate. The histopathology of the patch test site and that of the cutaneous eruption were similar in nature but differing in severity. No other allergens have been identified, but gold avoidance has not yet resulted in the clearing of her eruption. This case underscores the difficulty in making a clinical correlation despite suggestive clinical pathologic evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian R Sperber
- Department of Dermatology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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19
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Ahnlide I, Ahlgren C, Björkner B, Bruze M, Lundh T, Möller H, Nilner K, Schütz A. Gold concentration in blood in relation to the number of gold restorations and contact allergy to gold. Acta Odontol Scand 2002; 60:301-5. [PMID: 12418721 DOI: 10.1080/00016350260248283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated an association between gold allergy and the presence of dental gold restorations. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationship between the concentration of gold in blood (B-Au) and the number of tooth surfaces with gold alloys in subjects with and without contact allergy to gold. In 80 patients referred for patch testing because of eczematous disease, blood samples were taken and analyzed for B-Au using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The detection limit for the Au determination was 0.04 microg/L. In addition, a dentist made a clinical and radiological examination of the patients and registered the number of dental gold surfaces. Patients with dental gold restorations had a statistically significantly higher B-Au in Mann-Whitney U test (P = 0.025), (range < 0.04-1.07 microg/L) than patients without (range < 0.04-0.15 microg/L). Furthermore, a positive correlation was found between B-Au and the number of dental gold surfaces (P < 0.01). There was no statistically significant difference in B-Au between persons with and without contact allergy to gold. The study thus indicates that gold is released from dental restorations and taken tip into the circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingela Ahnlide
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Malmö University Hospital, Sweden.
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20
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Svensson Å, Möller H, Björkner B, Bruze M, Leden I, Theander J, Ohlsson K, Linder C. Rheumatoid arthritis, gold therapy, contact allergy and blood cytokines. BMC DERMATOLOGY 2002; 2:2. [PMID: 11860615 PMCID: PMC65540 DOI: 10.1186/1471-5945-2-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2001] [Accepted: 02/01/2002] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the clinical and biochemical effects of a low starting dose for gold therapy in rheumatoid arthritis patients with a contact allergy to gold. METHODS Serum cytokines were assayed before and 24 h after the first injection of gold sodium thiomalate (GSTM). RESULTS Contact allergy to gold was found in 4 of 19 patients. Compared to gold-negative patients (starting dose: 10 mg GSTM), there was a larger increase in serum TNFalpha (p < 0.05), sTNF-R1 (NS), and IL-1 ra (p < 0.05) in gold-allergic patients. CONCLUSIONS Cytokines are released in blood by GSTM in RA patients with gold allergy. To minimize the risk of acute adverse reactions the starting dose of GSTM should be lowered to 5 mg. Alternatively, patients should be patch-tested before gold therapy; in test-positive cases, 5 mg is recommended as the first dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Åke Svensson
- Department of Dermatology, Malmö University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Halvor Möller
- Department of Dermatology, Malmö University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Bert Björkner
- Department of Dermatology, Malmö University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Magnus Bruze
- Department of Dermatology, Malmö University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Ido Leden
- Department of internal medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Kristianstad Central Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jan Theander
- Department of internal medicine, Section of Rheumatology, Kristianstad Central Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Kjell Ohlsson
- Department of Surgical Pathophysiology, Malmö University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Carina Linder
- Department of Surgical Pathophysiology, Malmö University Hospital, Sweden
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21
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Lee AY, Eun HC, Kim HO, Moon KC, Lee CH, Kim GJ, Kim SC, Ham JH. Multicenter study of the frequency of contact allergy to gold. Contact Dermatitis 2001; 45:214-6. [PMID: 11683831 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0536.2001.450404.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Gold sodium thiosulfate (GSTS) is reputed to be the most reliable gold antigen, but control studies are still required. Although Koreans have more varied sources of contact with gold, such as herbal medicines with gold coatings and indwelling gold acupuncture needles, no epidemiological studies have been performed. This study examined the frequency and sources of contact allergy to gold in South Korea by a multicenter study. Patch testing with 0.5% GSTS in pet. was conducted in 255 eczema patients and 58 control subjects. Results were observed at 21 days (D) to ensure there were no undetected late reactions in 54 observed patients and 47 controls. 8 (3.1%) of the 255 patients reacted positively to GSTS, including 1 with a late reaction. 1 of the 58 controls showed a positive reaction to GSTS on D4 with a negative reaction on D14. Clinical relevance was lacking in the patients with positive reactions. Unexpectedly, the above particular sources of gold contact gave rise to few allergic reactions in our patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Y Lee
- Eulji Hospital University of Medicine, Korea
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Tsuruta K, Matsunaga K, Suzuki K, Suzuki R, Akita H, Washimi Y, Tomitaka A, Ueda H. Female predominance of gold allergy. Contact Dermatitis 2001; 44:55-6. [PMID: 11156030 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0536.2001.440107-22.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Tsuruta
- Department of Dermatology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan
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23
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24
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Bruze M, Andersen KE. Gold--a controversial sensitizer. European Environmental and Contact Dermatitis Research Group. Contact Dermatitis 1999; 40:295-9. [PMID: 10385331 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1999.tb06079.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Until recently, gold allergy was considered to be extremely rare. Gold has been used and worshipped for thousands of years without any obvious complaints of skin problems, either in those participating in mining and other ways of prospecting, or in those wearing jewellery. When studies on contact allergy to gold sodium thiosulfate were published at the beginning of the 1990s, the allergic nature of the reported positive patch test reactions to gold was questioned. The major argument for such questioning was the lack of demonstrable clinical relevance in most positive reactors. A major reason for the questioning may have been confusion in differentiating between contact allergy and allergic contact dermatitis. To arrive at a diagnosis of allergic contact dermatitis, 3 steps have, in principle, to be fulfilled: (i) establishment of contact allergy; (ii) demonstration of present exposure; (iii) assessment of clinical relevance, i.e., causing or aggravating a contact dermatitis. In this paper, these steps are discussed with regard to gold. With our present knowledge of contact allergy-allergic contact dermatitis, we do not recommend including gold sodium thiosulfate in the standard series. It should be applied for scientific purposes and when allergic contact dermatitis from gold is suspected.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bruze
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, University Hospital Malmö, Sweden
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25
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Fleming C, Lucke T, Forsyth A, Rees S, Lever R, Wray D, Aldridge R, MacKie R. A controlled study of gold contact hypersensitivity. Contact Dermatitis 1998; 38:137-9. [PMID: 9536404 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1998.tb05679.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
1203 patients attending for routine patch testing at 3 hospitals and 105 volunteers were tested with 0.5% and 0.05% gold sodium thiosulfate (GST). 38 patients (3.2%) and 5 volunteers (4.8%) had positive patch tests to GST. There were no significant differences between volunteers and patients with respect to age, sex, atopy or exposure to gold in dental restorations, jewellery or through occupation. There were no significant differences in prevalence of GST hypersensitivity in the 3 hospitals, or between patients and controls. This is the 1st controlled study of hypersensitivity to GST, and suggests that routine patch testing to gold is of limited clinical benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fleming
- University Department of Dermatology Western Infirmary, Glasgow, Scotland, UK
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27
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Estlander T, Kari O, Jolanki R, Kanerva L. Occupational allergic contact dermatitis and blepharoconjunctivitis caused by gold. Contact Dermatitis 1998; 38:40-1. [PMID: 9504245 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1998.tb05635.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- T Estlander
- Section of Dermatology, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland
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28
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Fleming C, Porter D, MacKie R. Absence of gold sodium thiosulfate contact hypersensitivity in rheumatoid arthritis. Contact Dermatitis 1998; 38:55-6. [PMID: 9504259 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1998.tb05649.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Fleming
- University Department of Dermatology, Western Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wiesner
- Department of Dermatology, Ernst Moritz Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fleming
- Department of Dermatology, Western Infirmary, Glasgow, UK
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31
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Silva R, Pereira F, Bordalo O, Silva E, Barros A, Gonçalo M, Correia T, Pessoa G, Baptista A, Pecegueiro M. Contact allergy to gold sodium thiosulfate. A comparative study. Contact Dermatitis 1997; 37:78-81. [PMID: 9285169 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0536.1997.tb00043.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
During 1995, we added gold sodium thiosulfate and potassium dicyanoaurate to the patch test standard series. Our purpose was to compare the reactivity of the gold salts, to determine the frequency of contact allergy to gold in our country, to compare our results with those of the Malmö group and, finally to try to clarify the clinical relevance 2853 patients were routinely tested and 168 patients answered a questionnaire similar to that used by the Malmö group. Contact allergy to gold was found in 23 patients, all women: 22 to gold sodium thiosulfate (0.78%), only 1 to potassium dicyanoaurate and 2 to both salts. All reactors had their ears pierced and were exposed to gold jewelery (mainly earrings). Simultaneous allergies to nickel and cobalt were statistically significant in patients with positive patch tests to gold sodium thiosulfate. Atopy was no more common among these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Silva
- Clínica Dermatológica Universitária, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisboa, Portugal
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Affiliation(s)
- N K Veien
- Dermatology Clinic, Aalborg, Denmark
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Abstract
373 patients attending for routine patch testing were tested with 0.5% and 0.05% gold sodium thiosulfate (GST). 8 (2.1%) patients had a positive patch test, and a further 4 (1.0%) patient reactions which were interpreted as irritant 2 out of 8 patients with a positive patch test to GST suspected gold allergy prior to testing, and both of these patients reported that their eczema resolved if they avoided gold jewellery. This is the lowest prevalence of hypersensitivity to GST reported and suggests that gold contact allergy may not be as widespread as has been recently proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fleming
- University Department of Dermatology, Western Infirmary, Glasgow
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