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Portugal-Cohen M, Oron M, Cohen D, Ma'or Z, Soroka Y, Frusic-Zlotkin M, Kohen R. Advancements in non-invasive skin sampling: Clinical conditions characterization via the assessment of skin surface cytokine biomarkers. Exp Dermatol 2024; 33:e15037. [PMID: 38389180 DOI: 10.1111/exd.15037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
The skin is increasingly recognized as a biological active organ interacting with the immune system. Given that the epidermal skin layer actively releases various cytokines, non-invasive skin sampling methods could detect these cytokines, offering insights into clinical conditions. This study aims non-invasively measuring cytokine levels directly from the skin surface to characterize different inflammatory chronic disorders in the adult and elderly population: psoriasis, diabetes type 2, rosacea, chronic kidney disease (CKD) and aging. Cytokines IL-1β, IL-8 and IL-10 were sampled from healthy subjects and patients aged 18-80 using skin surface wash technique. A well with sterile phosphate-buffered saline solution was placed on the skin for 30 min, and the extracted solution was collected from the well for further cytokine levels analysis using ELISA assay. Results show distinct cytokine profiles in different pathological processes, healthy controls, affected and unaffected areas. Aging was associated with increased IL-1β, IL-8, and IL-10 levels in skin. In diabetes, IL-1β and IL-8 levels were elevated in lesional areas, while IL-10 levels were decreased in non-lesional skin. Psoriatic lesions showed elevated levels of IL-1β and IL-8. Rosacea patients had lower IL-10 levels in both lesional and non-lesional areas. CKD patients exhibited significantly lower IL-10 levels compared to healthy individuals. In conclusion, skin surface wash-derived cytokine profiles could serve as "alert biomarkers" for disease prediction, enabling early detection. Additionally, this method's cost-effectiveness allows pre-screening of molecules in clinical studies and holds potential as a tool for biomarkers and omics analysis, enhancing disorder characterization and disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dror Cohen
- DermAb.io, Haifa, Israel
- The Myers Skin Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ze'evi Ma'or
- The Skin Research Institute, The Dead-Sea & Arava Science Center, Israel
| | - Yoram Soroka
- The Myers Skin Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Marina Frusic-Zlotkin
- The Myers Skin Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ron Kohen
- The Myers Skin Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Cohen G, Jakus J, Portillo M, Gvirtz R, Ogen-Shtern N, Silberstein E, Ayzenberg T, Rozenblat S. In vitro, ex vivo, and clinical evaluation of anti-aging gel containing EPA and CBD. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023; 22:3047-3057. [PMID: 37264742 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin aging manifestation, such as coarse wrinkles, loss of elasticity, pigmentation, and rough-textured appearance, is a multifactorial process that can be exacerbated by air pollution, smoking, poor nutrition, and sun exposure. Exposure to UV radiation is considered the primary cause of extrinsic skin aging and accounts for about 80% of facial aging. Extrinsic skin aging signs can be reduced with demo-cosmetic formulations. Both cannabidiol (CBD) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) have been previously suggested as potent active dermatological ingredients. AIMS The objective of the current research was to evaluate the compatibility of both agents in the prevention and treatment of skin aging. First, the impact of both agents was assessed using standard photoaging models of UV-induced damage, both in vitro (HaCaT cells) and ex vivo (human skin organ culture). Then, a clinical validation study (n = 33) was performed using an optimized topical cream formulation tested at different time points (up to Day 56). RESULTS EPA was found to potentiate the protective effects of CBD by reducing the secretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 ) and interleukin-8 (IL-8), two primary inflammatory agents associated with photoaging. In addition, a qualitative histological examination signaled that applying the cream may result in an increase in extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling following UV radiation. This was also evidenced clinically by a reduction of crow's feet wrinkle area and volume, as well as a reduction of fine line wrinkle volume as measured by the AEVA system. The well-established age-dependent subepidermal low-echogenic band (SLEB) was also reduced by 8.8%. Additional clinical results showed significantly reduced red spots area and count, and an increase in skin hydration and elasticity by 31.2% and 25.6% following 56 days of cream application, respectively. These impressive clinical results correlated with high satisfaction ratings by the study participants. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Collectively, the results show a profound anti-aging impact of the developed formulation and strengthen the beneficial derm-cosmetic properties of CBD-based products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guy Cohen
- The Skin Research Institute, The Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada, Israel
- Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Eilat, Israel
| | - Jeannette Jakus
- SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY, USA
| | | | - Raanan Gvirtz
- The Skin Research Institute, The Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada, Israel
| | - Navit Ogen-Shtern
- The Skin Research Institute, The Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada, Israel
- Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Eilat, Israel
| | - Eldad Silberstein
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Tomer Ayzenberg
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Portugal-Cohen M, Cohen D, Kohen R, Oron M. Exploitation of alternative skin models from academia to industry: proposed functional categories to answer needs and regulation demands. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1215266. [PMID: 37334052 PMCID: PMC10272927 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1215266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Dror Cohen
- DermAb.io, Haifa, Israel
- The Myers Skin Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ron Kohen
- The Myers Skin Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Institute for Drug Research, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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4
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Kinkéliba ( Combretum micranthum) Leaf Extract Alleviates Skin Inflammation: In Vitro and In Vivo Study. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041791. [PMID: 36838778 PMCID: PMC9964726 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Kinkéliba (Combretum micranthum, Seh-Haw in Wolof) is a popular bush tea in West African countries. Although the kinkéliba plant's leaves have been widely consumed for its nutritional and medicinal properties, its benefits on skin health potential have been practically untouched. In human epidermal primary keratinocytes, vitexin and isovitexin-rich kinkéliba extract treatment significantly (p < 0.001) enhanced up to 39.6% of the cell survival rate decreased by UV radiation irritation. The treatment of kinkéliba leaf extracts also reduced the production of UV-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-8 by 57.6% and 42.5%, respectively (p < 0.001), which cause skin redness and skin barrier dysfunction, as well as wrinkles and collagen degradation. The anti-inflammation efficacy of kinkéliba leaf extracts might involve significant inhibition on the levels of cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) (-70.8%, p < 0.001) and nitrotyrosine (-56.9%, p < 0.05). Further topical applications of kinkéliba leaf extract gel were found to reduce sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS)-induced skin inflammation: at D7, the skin trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) and skin redness (a* value) were both reduced by 59.81% (p < 0.001) and 22.4% (p < 0.001), compared with D0. In vitro and in vivo data support a new topical application of the kinkéliba leaf as an effective active ingredient for the treatment of skin inflammation, as well as subsequent barrier dysfunction and inflammaging.
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Kahremany S, Hofmann L, Gruzman A, Dinkova-Kostova AT, Cohen G. NRF2 in dermatological disorders: Pharmacological activation for protection against cutaneous photodamage and photodermatosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 188:262-276. [PMID: 35753587 PMCID: PMC9350913 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.06.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The skin barrier and its endogenous protective mechanisms cope daily with exogenous stressors, of which ultraviolet radiation (UVR) poses an imminent danger. Although the skin is able to reduce the potential damage, there is a need for comprehensive strategies for protection. This is particularly important when developing pharmacological approaches to protect against photocarcinogenesis. Activation of NRF2 has the potential to provide comprehensive and long-lasting protection due to the upregulation of numerous cytoprotective downstream effector proteins that can counteract the damaging effects of UVR. This is also applicable to photodermatosis conditions that exacerbate the damage caused by UVR. This review describes the alterations caused by UVR in normal skin and photosensitive disorders, and provides evidence to support the development of NRF2 activators as pharmacological treatments. Key natural and synthetic activators with photoprotective properties are summarized. Lastly, the gap in knowledge in research associated with photodermatosis conditions is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Kahremany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel; The Skin Research Institute, The Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada, 86910, Israel
| | - Lukas Hofmann
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Arie Gruzman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan, 5290002, Israel
| | - Albena T Dinkova-Kostova
- Jacqui Wood Cancer Centre, Division of Cellular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences and Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, USA
| | - Guy Cohen
- The Skin Research Institute, The Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada, 86910, Israel; Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Eilat Campus, Eilat, 8855630, Israel.
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6
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Yokota M, Kamiya Y, Suzuki T, Ishikawa S, Takeda A, Kondo S, Tohgasaki T, Nakashima T, Takahashi Y, Ōmura S, Sakurai T. Trehangelins ameliorate inflammation-induced skin senescence by suppressing the epidermal YAP-CCN1 axis. Sci Rep 2022; 12:952. [PMID: 35046484 PMCID: PMC8770704 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-04924-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Trehangelins (THG) are newly identified trehalose compounds derived from broth cultures of an endophytic actinomycete, Polymorphospora rubra. THG are known to suppress Cellular Communication Network factor 1 (CCN1), which regulates collagen homeostasis in the dermis. Although the physical properties of THG suggest a high penetration of the stratum corneum, the effect of THG on the epidermis has not been reported. Here we describe a possible mechanism involved in skin aging focusing on the effect of THG on epidermal CCN1. This study shows that: (1) THG suppress epidermal CCN1 expression by inhibiting the translocation of Yes-Associated Protein (YAP) to nuclei. (2) Epidermal CCN1, localized at the basement membrane, regulates the balance between the growth and differentiation of keratinocytes. (3) Keratinocytes secrete more CCN1 than fibroblasts, which leads to disruption of the basement membrane and extracellular matrix components. (4) The secretion of CCN1 from keratinocytes is increased by ultraviolet B exposure, especially in aged keratinocytes, and deteriorates the elastic fiber structures in the underlying dermis. (5) Topical application of THG ameliorates the structure of the basement membrane in ex vivo human skin explants. Taken together, THG might be a promising treatment for aged skin by suppressing the aberrant YAP-CCN1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mami Yokota
- FANCL Research Institute, FANCL Corporation, 12-13 Kamishinano, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Yoshiyuki Kamiya
- FANCL Research Institute, FANCL Corporation, 12-13 Kamishinano, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Tamie Suzuki
- FANCL Research Institute, FANCL Corporation, 12-13 Kamishinano, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Ishikawa
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akira Takeda
- Department of Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shinya Kondo
- FANCL Research Institute, FANCL Corporation, 12-13 Kamishinano, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tohgasaki
- FANCL Research Institute, FANCL Corporation, 12-13 Kamishinano, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takuji Nakashima
- Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovation, Waseda University, 530 Wasedatsurumaki-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Takahashi
- Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ōmura
- Ōmura Satoshi Memorial Institute, Kitasato University, 5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuhito Sakurai
- FANCL Research Institute, FANCL Corporation, 12-13 Kamishinano, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
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7
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Liu Z, Chiang CY, Nip J, Feng L, Zhang Y, Rocha S, Georgakoudi I. Nicotinamide effects on the metabolism of human fibroblasts and keratinocytes assessed by quantitative, label-free fluorescence imaging. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:6375-6390. [PMID: 34745743 PMCID: PMC8548000 DOI: 10.1364/boe.432561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Alterations in metabolism are central to the aging process. Therefore, understanding the subcellular functional and structural changes associated with metabolic aging is critical. Current established methods for exploring cell metabolism either require the use of exogenous agents or are destructive to the tissue or cells. Two-photon excited fluorescence (TPEF) imaging has emerged as a method for monitoring subtle metabolic changes non-invasively. In this study, we use TPEF imaging to acquire high-resolution fluorescence images from two coenzymes, NAD(P)H (reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) and FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide), within human fibroblasts and keratinocytes in response to B3 (a nicotinamide precursor) supplementation and/or UV irradiation, without addition of exogenous labels. In addition, multi-parametric analysis methods are used to extract functional information of cellular metabolism, including cellular redox state, NAD(P)H fluorescence lifetime, and mitochondrial organization. Our results demonstrate that such optical metabolic assessments can serve as sensitive, label-free, non-destructive reporters of known effects of B3 to maintain and in some cases even enhance the respiratory function of mitochondria, while lowering oxidative damage. Thus, TPEF imaging, supported by highly-quantitative analysis, can serve as a tool to understand aging-dependent metabolic changes as well as the effect of actives on human epidermal and dermal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
- Currently with the State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, College of Optical Science and Engineering; International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, China
| | | | - John Nip
- Unilever Research and Development, Trumbull, CT 06611, USA
| | - Lin Feng
- Unilever Research and Development, Trumbull, CT 06611, USA
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
| | - Sheila Rocha
- Unilever Research and Development, Trumbull, CT 06611, USA
| | - Irene Georgakoudi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, MA 02155, USA
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8
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Lim Y, Lee H, Woodby B, Valacchi G. Ozonated Oils and Cutaneous Wound Healing. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 25:2264-2278. [PMID: 31267858 DOI: 10.2174/1381612825666190702100504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Wound tissue repair is a complex and dynamic process of restoring cellular structures and tissue layers. Improvement in this process is necessary to effectively treat several pathologies characterized by a chronic delayed wound closure, such as in diabetes, and the investigation of new approaches aimed to ameliorate the wound healing process is under continuous evolution. Recently, the usage of vegetable matrices in the form of ozonated oils has been proposed, and several researchers have shown positive effects on wound healing, due to the bactericidal, antiviral, and antifungal properties of these ozonated oils. In the present review, we intend to summarize the actual state of the art of the topical usage of ozonated oil in cutaneous wounds with special emphasis to the importance of the ozonated degree of the oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsook Lim
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Heaji Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Brittany Woodby
- Plant for Human Health Institute, Kannapolis Research Center, North Carolina State University, 28081, NC, United States
| | - Giuseppe Valacchi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea.,Plant for Human Health Institute, Kannapolis Research Center, North Carolina State University, 28081, NC, United States.,Department of Biomedical and Specialist Surgical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
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9
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Kinetic Cytokine Secretion Profile of LPS-Induced Inflammation in the Human Skin Organ Culture. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12040299. [PMID: 32218380 PMCID: PMC7238050 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12040299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Several in vitro models that mimic different aspects of local skin inflammation exist. The use of ex vivo human skin organ culture (HSOC) has been reported previously. However, comprehensive evaluation of the cytokine secretory capacity of the system and its kinetics has not been performed. Objective: the aim of the current study was to investigate the levels and secretion pattern of key cytokine from human skin tissue upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. HSOC maintained in an air–liquid interface was used. Epidermal and tissue viability was monitored by MTT and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) activity assay, respectively. Cytokine levels were examined by ELISA and multiplex array. HSOCs were treated without or with three different LPS subtypes and the impact on IL-6 and IL-8 secretion was evaluated. The compounds enhanced the secreted levels of both cytokines. However, differences were observed in their efficacy and potency. Next, a kinetic multiplex analysis was performed on LPS-stimulated explants taken from three different donors to evaluate the cytokine secretion pattern during 0–72 h post-induction. The results revealed that the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, TNFα and IL-1β were up-regulated by LPS stimuli. IL-10, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, was also induced by LPS, but exhibited a different secretion pattern, peak time and maximal stimulation values. IL-1α and IL-15 showed donor-specific changes. Lastly, dexamethasone attenuated cytokine secretion in five independent repetitions, supporting the ability of the system to be used for drug screening. The collective results demonstrate that several cytokines can be used as valid inflammatory markers, regardless of changes in the secretion levels due to donor’s specific alterations.
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10
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Badihi A, Frušić-Zlotkin M, Soroka Y, Benhamron S, Tzur T, Nassar T, Benita S. Topical nano-encapsulated cyclosporine formulation for atopic dermatitis treatment. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 24:102140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2019.102140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Abadie S, Bedos P, Rouquette J. A human skin model to evaluate the protective effect of compounds against UVA damage. Int J Cosmet Sci 2019; 41:594-603. [DOI: 10.1111/ics.12579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Abadie
- Syntivia Centre Pierre Potier 1 place Pierre Potier, Entrée B, BP 50624 31106 Toulouse France
| | - P. Bedos
- Syntivia Centre Pierre Potier 1 place Pierre Potier, Entrée B, BP 50624 31106 Toulouse France
| | - J. Rouquette
- ITAV Centre Pierre Potier Université de Toulouse CNRS UPS 1 place Pierre Potier, Entrée B BP 50624 31106 Toulouse France
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12
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Garcia-Bilbao A, Gómez-Fernández P, Larush L, Soroka Y, Suarez-Merino B, Frušić-Zlotkin M, Magdassi S, Goñi-de-Cerio F. Preparation, characterization, and biological evaluation of retinyl palmitate and Dead Sea water loaded nanoemulsions toward topical treatment of skin diseases. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0883911519885970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Millions of people suffer from different types of skin diseases worldwide. In the last decade, the development of nanocarriers has been the focus of the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries to enhance the performance of their products, and to meet consumers’ demands. Several delivery systems have been developed to improve the efficiency and minimize possible side effects. In this study, retinyl palmitate and Dead Sea water loaded nanoemulsions were developed as carriers to treat skin conditions such as photoaging, psoriasis, or atopic dermatitis. Toxicity profiles were carried out by means of viability, cell membrane asymmetry study, evaluation of oxidative stress induction (reactive oxygen species), and inflammation via cytokines production with a human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) and a mouse embryo fibroblasts cell line (BALB/3T3). Results showed that loaded nanoemulsions were found to be non-cytotoxic under the conditions of the study. Furthermore, no oxidative stress induction was observed. Likewise, an efficacy test of these loaded nanoemulsions was also tested on human skin organ cultures, before and after ultraviolet B light treatment. Viability and caspase-3 production assessment, in response to the exposure of skin explants to the loaded nanoemulsions, indicated non-toxic effects on human skin in culture, both with and without ultraviolet B irradiation. Further the ability of loaded nanoemulsions to protect the skin against ultraviolet B damage was assessed on skin explants reducing significantly the apoptotic activation after ultraviolet B irradiation. Our promising results indicate that the developed loaded nanoemulsions may represent a topical drug delivery system to be used as an alternative treatment for recurrent skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Liraz Larush
- The Casali Institute of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yoram Soroka
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | | | - Marina Frušić-Zlotkin
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shlomo Magdassi
- The Casali Institute of Applied Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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13
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Kahremany S, Babaev I, Gvirtz R, Ogen-Stern N, Azoulay-Ginsburg S, Senderowitz H, Cohen G, Gruzman A. Nrf2 Activation by SK-119 Attenuates Oxidative Stress, UVB, and LPS-Induced Damage. Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2019; 32:173-181. [PMID: 31079103 DOI: 10.1159/000499432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The Nrf2 signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in neutralizing excess reactive oxygen species formation and therefore enhancing the endogenous cellular protection mechanism. Thus, activating this pathway may provide therapeutic options against oxidative stress-related disorders. We have recently applied a computer-aided drug design approach to the design and synthesis of novel Nrf2 enhancers. The current study was aimed at investigating the potential beneficial impact of (E)-5-oxo-1-(4-((2,4,6-trihydroxybenzylidene)amino)phenyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (SK-119) in skin oxidative damage models. METHODS SK-119, tested initially in PC-12 cells, attenuated oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity concomitantly with Nrf2 activation. The potential impact of this compound was evaluated in skin-based disease models both in vitro (HaCaT cells) and ex vivo (human skin organ culture). RESULTS The data clearly showed the marked anti-inflammatory and photoprotection properties of the compound; SK-119-treated cells or tissues displayed a reduction in cytokine secretion induced by lipopolysaccharides (LPS) in a manner comparable with dexamethasone. In addition, topical application of SK-119 was able to block UVB-induced oxidative stress and attenuated caspase-mediated apoptosis, DNA adduct formation, and the concomitant cellular damage. CONCLUSION These results indicate that SK-119 is an Nrf2 activator that can be used as a prototype molecule for the development of novel treatments of dermatological disorders related to oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Kahremany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Ilana Babaev
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Raanan Gvirtz
- The Skin Research Institute, The Dead-Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada, Israel
| | - Navit Ogen-Stern
- The Skin Research Institute, The Dead-Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada, Israel
| | | | - Hanoch Senderowitz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Guy Cohen
- The Skin Research Institute, The Dead-Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada, Israel
| | - Arie Gruzman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel,
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14
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The renaissance of human skin organ culture: A critical reappraisal. Differentiation 2018; 104:22-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2018.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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15
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N-(4-bromophenethyl) Caffeamide Protects Skin from UVB-Induced Inflammation Through MAPK/IL-6/NF-κB-Dependent Signaling in Human Skin Fibroblasts and Hairless Mouse Skin. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22101639. [PMID: 28961200 PMCID: PMC6151473 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22101639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) irradiation causes skin inflammation and aging. N-(4-bromophenethyl) caffeamide (K36H) possesses antioxidant and antimelanogenic properties. The present study investigated the effects of K36H on UVB-induced skin inflammation in human skin fibroblasts and hairless mice and evaluated the underlying mechanisms. The in vitro results indicated that K36H reduced UVB-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) expression. Furthermore, K36H treatment reduced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein expression in UVB-irradiated fibroblasts by regulating IκB and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) expression. In the animal study, topically applied K36H markedly reduced inflammation and skin thickness and prevented photodamage to the skin of hairless mice. In addition, K36H inhibited the levels of UV-upregulated inflammation-related proteins levels such as IL-1, iNOS, and NF-κB in the dermis of hairless mice. Our findings demonstrated the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of K36H in human skin fibroblasts and hairless mice. Therefore, K36H can be developed as an antiphotodamage and antiphotoinflammation agent.
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16
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Curcumin Protects Skin against UVB-Induced Cytotoxicity via the Keap1-Nrf2 Pathway: The Use of a Microemulsion Delivery System. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:5205471. [PMID: 28757910 PMCID: PMC5516744 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5205471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Revised: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin was found to be beneficial in treating several skin pathologies and diseases, providing antioxidant protection due to its reducing properties and its electrophilic properties (the ability to activate the Nrf2 pathway and induce phase II cytoprotective enzymes). Nevertheless, clinical applications of curcumin are being hampered by its insufficient solubility, chemical instability, and poor absorption, leading to low efficacy in preventing skin pathologies. These limitations can be overcome by using a nanotechnology-based delivery system. Here, we elucidated the possibility of using curcumin encapsulated in a microemulsion preserving its unique chemical structure. We also examined whether curcumin microemulsion would reduce UVB-induced toxicity in skin. A significant curcumin concentration was found in the human skin dermis following topical application of a curcumin microemulsion. Moreover, curcumin microemulsion enhanced the reduction of UV-induced cytotoxicity in epidermal cells, paving the way for other incorporated electrophiles in encapsulated form protecting skin against stress-related diseases.
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17
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Ben-Yehuda Greenwald M, Frušić-Zlotkin M, Soroka Y, Ben-Sasson S, Bianco-Peled H, Kohen R. A novel role of topical iodine in skin: Activation of the Nrf2 pathway. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 104:238-248. [PMID: 28088623 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2016] [Revised: 12/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
For a long time iodine has been used as an active dermal agent in the treatment of inflammatory, immune-mediated and infectious diseases. Moreover, topical iodine application has been reported to provide protection against sulfur-mustard-induced skin lesions, heat-induced and acid-induced skin burns in both haired guinea-pigs and mouse ear swelling models. However, the exact mechanism of action underlying these benefits of iodine has not yet been elucidated. In the current study, a novel mechanism of action by which iodine provides skin protection and relief, based on its electrophilic nature, is suggested. This study demonstrates that both iodine and iodide are capable of activating the Nrf2 pathway in human skin. As a result, skin protection against UVB-induced damage was acquired and the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-8) from LPS-challenged skin was reduced. Iodide role in the enhanced activation of this pathway is demonstrated. The mode of action by which iodine and iodide activate the Nrf2 pathway is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Ben-Yehuda Greenwald
- The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112100, Israel; Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200003, Israel; The Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel; Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University Medical School, Ein-Karem Campus, Jerusalem 9112100, Israel
| | - Marina Frušić-Zlotkin
- The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112100, Israel
| | - Yoram Soroka
- The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112100, Israel
| | - Shmuel Ben-Sasson
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University Medical School, Ein-Karem Campus, Jerusalem 9112100, Israel
| | - Havazelet Bianco-Peled
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa 3200003, Israel; The Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Ron Kohen
- The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112100, Israel.
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18
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Two new lignans and melanogenesis inhibitors from Schisandra nigra. J Nat Med 2016; 70:460-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-016-1000-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/16/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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19
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Commiphora gileadensis sap extract induces cell cycle-dependent death in immortalized keratinocytes and human dermoid carcinoma cells. J Herb Med 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2015.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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20
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K Gratz I, Kofler B. UV irradiation-induced inflammation, what is the trigger? Exp Dermatol 2015; 24:916-7. [PMID: 26442793 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Iris K Gratz
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Barbara Kofler
- Department of Pediatrics, Research Program for Receptor Biochemistry and Tumor Metabolism, Laura Bassi Centre of Expertise-THERAPEP, Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria
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21
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Kuo YH, Chen CW, Chu Y, Lin P, Chiang HM. In Vitro and In Vivo Studies on Protective Action of N-Phenethyl Caffeamide against Photodamage of Skin. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0136777. [PMID: 26367260 PMCID: PMC4569286 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0136777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, N-phenethyl caffeamide (K36) was proved to act as an antioxidant and an antiphotoaging agent by inhibiting type I procollagen degradation and stimulating collagen synthesis in human skin fibroblasts. In the present study, in vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted to investigate the mechanism of action and the antiinflammatory and antiphotoaging activity of K36. K36 reduced UVB-induced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthases (iNOS) expression by regulating IκB and p-IκB expression. K36 also inhibited the nuclear translocation of NF-κB. Furthermore, the inhibition of mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases by K36 was attributed to the downregulation of COX-2. Topically applying K36 led to efficient antiwrinkle formation and reduced UVB-induced erythema and thickness of epidermis in hairless mice. In addition, K36 penetrated into the skin of hairless mice. Our findings show that K36 has significant beneficial effects on antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and antiphotoaging activity and suggest that K36 can be developed as an antiaging agent for cosmetic and skin care products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueh-Hsiung Kuo
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Wen Chen
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Yin Chu
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Ping Lin
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Mei Chiang
- Department of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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22
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Nitroxide delivery system for Nrf2 activation and skin protection. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2015; 94:123-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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23
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Kaur S, Kizoulis M, Fantasia J, Oddos T, Bigot N, Galera P, Tucker-Samaras S, Leyden JJ, Southall MD. 4-Hexyl-1,3-phenylenediol, a nuclear factor-κB inhibitor, improves photodamaged skin and clinical signs of ageing in a double-blinded, randomized controlled trial. Br J Dermatol 2015; 173:218-26. [PMID: 25752195 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.13747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway is a key mediator of inflammation; however, few studies have examined the direct effects of NF-κB inhibition on the skin. OBJECTIVES To investigate NF-κB activity in cultured human fibroblasts and to investigate the effects of 4-hexyl-1,3-phenylenediol (an NF-κB inhibitor) on elastin and collagen gene expression in vitro and on the clinical appearance of photodamaged skin. METHODS The amount and activity of NF-κB in human fibroblasts obtained from donors (17-78 years old) was measured after transfection with a NF-κB reporter and a luciferase promoter system. The expression of extracellular matrix (ECM) genes was determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Women with moderate skin photodamage were randomized to daily treatment with a topical lotion containing 4-hexyl-1,3-phenylenediol (n = 30) or vehicle (n = 29) for 8 weeks, with clinical assessments at baseline and weeks 2, 4 and 8. RESULTS Fibroblasts obtained from donors older than 50 years had higher NF-κB activity compared with cells from younger donors; inhibition of the NF-κB pathway with 4-hexyl-1,3-phenylenediol enhanced the expression of ECM genes. In women, treatment for 8 weeks with 4-hexyl-1,3-phenylenediol significantly improved crow's feet fine lines, cheek wrinkles, age spots, mottled pigmentation and radiance compared with both the vehicle and baseline. Furthermore, treatment with 4-hexyl-1,3-phenylenediol resulted in a twofold greater clinical improvement in overall photodamage compared with the vehicle group. CONCLUSIONS Inhibition of the proinflammatory NF-κB pathway resulted in increased expression of ECM proteins in vitro and significant clinical improvement in photodamaged skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kaur
- Johnson and Johnson Skin Research Center, CPPW, A Division of Johnson and Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc., 199 Grandview Road, Skillman, NJ, 08558, U.S.A
| | - M Kizoulis
- Johnson and Johnson Skin Research Center, CPPW, A Division of Johnson and Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc., 199 Grandview Road, Skillman, NJ, 08558, U.S.A
| | - J Fantasia
- Johnson and Johnson Skin Research Center, CPPW, A Division of Johnson and Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc., 199 Grandview Road, Skillman, NJ, 08558, U.S.A
| | - T Oddos
- Johnson and Johnson Skin Research Center, CPPW, A Division of Johnson and Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc., Val de Reuil, France
| | - N Bigot
- Laboratoire Microenvironnement Cellulaire et Pathologies, (MILPAT) EA 4652, SFR ICORE 146 UCBN, UFR de Médecine, CHU Niveau 3, Avenue de la Côte de Nacre, 14032 CAEN, Cedex, France
| | - P Galera
- Laboratoire Microenvironnement Cellulaire et Pathologies, (MILPAT) EA 4652, SFR ICORE 146 UCBN, UFR de Médecine, CHU Niveau 3, Avenue de la Côte de Nacre, 14032 CAEN, Cedex, France
| | - S Tucker-Samaras
- Johnson and Johnson Skin Research Center, CPPW, A Division of Johnson and Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc., 199 Grandview Road, Skillman, NJ, 08558, U.S.A
| | - J J Leyden
- University of Pennsylvania Medical School, 415 Curie Blvd, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, U.S.A
| | - M D Southall
- Johnson and Johnson Skin Research Center, CPPW, A Division of Johnson and Johnson Consumer Companies, Inc., 199 Grandview Road, Skillman, NJ, 08558, U.S.A
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24
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Madigan MC, McEnaney RM, Shukla AJ, Hong G, Kelley EE, Tarpey MM, Gladwin M, Zuckerbraun BS, Tzeng E. Xanthine Oxidoreductase Function Contributes to Normal Wound Healing. Mol Med 2015; 21:313-22. [PMID: 25879627 DOI: 10.2119/molmed.2014.00191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic, nonhealing wounds result in patient morbidity and disability. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) are both required for normal wound repair, and derangements of these result in impaired healing. Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) has the unique capacity to produce both ROS and NO. We hypothesize that XOR contributes to normal wound healing. Cutaneous wounds were created in C57Bl6 mice. XOR was inhibited with dietary tungsten or allopurinol. Topical hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 0.15%) or allopurinol (30 μg) was applied to wounds every other day. Wounds were monitored until closure or collected at d 5 to assess XOR expression and activity, cell proliferation and histology. The effects of XOR, nitrite, H2O2 and allopurinol on keratinocyte cell (KC) and endothelial cell (EC) behavior were assessed. We identified XOR expression and activity in the skin and wound edges as well as granulation tissue. Cultured human KCs also expressed XOR. Tungsten significantly inhibited XOR activity and impaired healing with reduced ROS production with reduced angiogenesis and KC proliferation. The expression and activity of other tungsten-sensitive enzymes were minimal in the wound tissues. Oral allopurinol did not reduce XOR activity or alter wound healing but topical allopurinol significantly reduced XOR activity and delayed healing. Topical H2O2 restored wound healing in tungsten-fed mice. In vitro, nitrite and H2O2 both stimulated KC and EC proliferation and EC migration. These studies demonstrate for the first time that XOR is abundant in wounds and participates in normal wound healing through effects on ROS production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Madigan
- Surgery Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.,Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ryan M McEnaney
- Surgery Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.,Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Ankur J Shukla
- Surgery Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.,Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Guiying Hong
- Surgery Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.,Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Eric E Kelley
- Department of Anesthesia, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Margaret M Tarpey
- Surgery Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.,Department of Anesthesia, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Mark Gladwin
- Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Brian S Zuckerbraun
- Surgery Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.,Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Edith Tzeng
- Surgery Services, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.,Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
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25
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Greenwald MBY, Anzi S, Ben Sasson S, Bianco-Peled H, Kohen R. Can nitroxides evoke the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway in skin? Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 77:258-69. [PMID: 25236737 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2014] [Revised: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitroxides are stable cyclic radicals of diverse size, charge, and lipophilicity. They are cell-permeative, which effectively protects cells, tissues, isolated organs, and laboratory animals from radical-induced damage. The mechanisms of activity through which nitroxides operate are diverse, including superoxide dismutase-mimetic activity, oxidation of semiquinone radicals, oxidation of reduced metal ions, procatalase-mimetic activity, interruption of radical chain reactions, and indirect modulation of NO levels. Nitroxides possess both a nucleophilic (reducing properties) and an electrophilic (oxidizing properties) nature and, therefore, they may affect different cellular pathways. In the current study, a novel mechanism of action by which nitroxides provide skin protection based on their electrophilic nature is suggested. This study shows that nitroxides may act as electrophiles, directly or indirectly, capable of activating the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway in human keratinocytes (HaCaT) and in human skin (human organ culture model). The high potency of oxoammonium cations versus hydroxylamines in activating the system is demonstrated. The mechanism of action by which nitroxides activate the Keap1-Nrf2-ARE pathway is discussed. Understanding the mechanism of activity may expand the usage of nitroxides as a skin protection strategy against oxidative stress-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Ben Yehuda Greenwald
- The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel; Department of Chemical Engineering and Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel; The Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel; Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University Medical School, Ein-Karem Campus, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Shira Anzi
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University Medical School, Ein-Karem Campus, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Shmuel Ben Sasson
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, The Hebrew University Medical School, Ein-Karem Campus, Jerusalem 91120, Israel
| | - Havazelet Bianco-Peled
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel; The Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Ron Kohen
- The Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
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26
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Badihi A, Debotton N, Frušić-Zlotkin M, Soroka Y, Neuman R, Benita S. Enhanced cutaneous bioavailability of dehydroepiandrosterone mediated by nano-encapsulation. J Control Release 2014; 189:65-71. [PMID: 24956487 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2014] [Revised: 06/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric nanocarriers, especially nanospheres (NSs) and nanocapsules (NCs), can promote the penetration of their cargo through the skin barrier, towards improved cutaneous bioavailability. Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), an endogenous hormone exhibiting poor aqueous solubility, was shown to be effective in modulating skin-aging processes following topical application. In this study, we designed adequate DHEA preparations, in an attempt to enable local delivery of the active ingredient to the viable skin layers. In addition, the potential efficiency of DHEA NCs on dermal collagen synthesis was evaluated. Cryo-TEM observations and thermal analysis indicated that DHEA was successfully incorporated within a stable NC-based delivery system. Moreover, higher [(3)H]-DHEA levels were recorded in the viable skin layers following different incubation periods of NCs on excised pig skin specimens as compared to DHEA oil solution (free molecule). Furthermore, significantly higher (4-fold) skin flux values were observed for the DHEA NCs as compared to the values elicited by the oil control solution. Finally, collagen synthesis in human skin organ culture, assessed by the incorporation of [(3)H]-proline, was up to 42% higher for DHEA NCs 48h post-topical application than for the untreated specimens. Overall, these results suggest that poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA)-based NCs have promising potential to be used topically for various skin disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Badihi
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Nir Debotton
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Marina Frušić-Zlotkin
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Yoram Soroka
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Rami Neuman
- Department of Cosmetic Surgery, Hadassah Hospital Ein Kerem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel
| | - Simon Benita
- Institute for Drug Research, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9112102, Israel.
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27
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Percoco G, Merle C, Jaouen T, Ramdani Y, Bénard M, Hillion M, Mijouin L, Lati E, Feuilloley M, Lefeuvre L, Driouich A, Follet-Gueye ML. Antimicrobial peptides and pro-inflammatory cytokines are differentially regulated across epidermal layers following bacterial stimuli. Exp Dermatol 2013; 22:800-6. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.12259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Percoco
- Glycobiology and Plant Extracellular Matrix (GlycoMEV) Laboratory; UPRES EA 4358; University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan France
- BIO-EC Laboratory; Longjumeau France
| | | | - Thomas Jaouen
- Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment (LMSM) Laboratory; UPRES EA 4312; University of Rouen; Evreux France
| | - Yasmina Ramdani
- Glycobiology and Plant Extracellular Matrix (GlycoMEV) Laboratory; UPRES EA 4358; University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan France
| | - Magalie Bénard
- The Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy (PRIMACEN); Institute of research and biomedical innovation (IRIB); University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan France
| | - Mélanie Hillion
- Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment (LMSM) Laboratory; UPRES EA 4312; University of Rouen; Evreux France
| | - Lily Mijouin
- Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment (LMSM) Laboratory; UPRES EA 4312; University of Rouen; Evreux France
| | | | - Marc Feuilloley
- Microbiology Signals and Microenvironment (LMSM) Laboratory; UPRES EA 4312; University of Rouen; Evreux France
| | - Luc Lefeuvre
- Dermatological Laboratories of Uriage; Courbevoie France
| | - Azeddine Driouich
- Glycobiology and Plant Extracellular Matrix (GlycoMEV) Laboratory; UPRES EA 4358; University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan France
- The Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy (PRIMACEN); Institute of research and biomedical innovation (IRIB); University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan France
| | - Marie-Laure Follet-Gueye
- Glycobiology and Plant Extracellular Matrix (GlycoMEV) Laboratory; UPRES EA 4358; University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan France
- The Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy (PRIMACEN); Institute of research and biomedical innovation (IRIB); University of Rouen; Mont-Saint-Aignan France
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28
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Wolnicka-Glubisz A, De Fabo E, Noonan F. Functional melanocortin 1 receptor Mc1r is not necessary for an inflammatory response to UV radiation in adult mouse skin. Exp Dermatol 2013; 22:226-8. [PMID: 23489427 DOI: 10.1111/exd.12100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The G-protein-coupled receptor, Mc1r, plays a major role in pigment production and has been reported to be important in the inflammatory response. We have investigated the effect of deficiency in Mc1r on UV-induced inflammation. Mice on the same genetic background were used - C57BL/6-c (albino), C57BL/6 (black), C57BL/6-Mc1r(e/e) deficient (yellow). FACS analysis of disaggregated skin showed a similar dose-dependent increase in Ly6G(+) and CD11b(+) cells in response to UV radiation in all groups. No differences in UV-induced edema or in DNA damage were detected between groups. The contact hypersensitivity response, neonatal immune tolerance and UV immunosuppression were all similar in C57BL/6 and C57BL/6-Mc1r(e/e) mice. We conclude that the absence of Mc1r does not impair the inflammatory response to UV radiation or the generation of immunosuppression.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens, Ly/metabolism
- CD11b Antigen/metabolism
- Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation
- Inflammation/etiology
- Inflammation/metabolism
- Inflammation/physiopathology
- Keratinocytes/immunology
- Keratinocytes/metabolism
- Keratinocytes/pathology
- Melanocytes/immunology
- Melanocytes/metabolism
- Melanocytes/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout
- Models, Animal
- Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 1/deficiency
- Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 1/genetics
- Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 1/physiology
- Skin/pathology
- Skin/physiopathology
- Skin/radiation effects
- Ultraviolet Rays/adverse effects
- Up-Regulation/radiation effects
- alpha-MSH/metabolism
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29
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Xu D, Yuan R, Gu H, Liu T, Tu Y, Yang Z, He L. The effect of ultraviolet radiation on the transforming growth factor beta 1/Smads pathway and p53 in actinic keratosis and normal skin. Arch Dermatol Res 2013; 305:777-86. [PMID: 23632819 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-013-1361-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 04/14/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is considered to be essential for the progression of actinic keratosis (AK) to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC); however, the mechanisms have not been fully elucidated. To understand this process, the effects of UV radiation on the transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGFβ1)/Smads pathway and p53 in normal skin and AK were studied. Normal human skin and AK tissues were cultured and divided into the following four groups according to the UV radiation dose: 0 (control group), 5, 10, and 20 J/cm2. The tissues were radiated for four consecutive days; 24 h after radiation, the tissues were collected for investigation. Compared with the control group, greater proliferative inhibition and apoptosis were induced by UV radiation in normal skin than AK. The expression of TGFβ1, Smad7, and p53 was increased in AK and normal skin, while the level of TβRII was decreased. Smad2 was reduced in AK only. The expressions of TβRI, Smad3, and Smad4 were not significantly changed. The results demonstrated that although p53 was induced, suppression of the TGFβ1/Smads pathway by UV radiation might contribute to the progression of AK to SCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Xu
- Department of Dermatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Research Center of Dermatology of Yunnan Province, No. 295 Xichang Road, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
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Shin MH, Park R, Nojima H, Kim HC, Kim YK, Chung JH. Atomic hydrogen surrounded by water molecules, H(H2O)m, modulates basal and UV-induced gene expressions in human skin in vivo. PLoS One 2013; 8:e61696. [PMID: 23637886 PMCID: PMC3634861 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0061696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2012] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, there has been much effort to find effective ingredients which can prevent or retard cutaneous skin aging after topical or systemic use. Here, we investigated the effects of the atomic hydrogen surrounded by water molecules, H(H2O)m, on acute UV-induced responses and as well as skin aging. Interestingly, we observed that H(H2O)m application to human skin prevented UV-induced erythema and DNA damage. And H(H2O)m significantly prevented UV-induced MMP-1, COX-2, IL-6 and IL-1β mRNA expressions in human skin in vivo. We found that H(H2O)m prevented UV-induced ROS generation and inhibited UV-induced MMP-1, COX-2 and IL-6 expressions, and UV-induced JNK and c-Jun phosphorylation in HaCaT cells. Next, we investigated the effects of H(H2O)m on intrinsically aged or photoaged skin of elderly subjects. In intrinsically aged skin, H(H2O)m application significantly reduced constitutive expressions of MMP-1, IL-6, and IL-1β mRNA. Additionally, H(H2O)m significantly increased procollagen mRNA and also decreased MMP-1 and IL-6 mRNA expressions in photoaged facial skin. These results demonstrated that local application of H(H2O)m may prevent UV-induced skin inflammation and can modulate intrinsic skin aging and photoaging processes. Therefore, we suggest that modifying the atmospheric gas environment within a room may be a new way to regulate skin functions or skin aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Hee Shin
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Raeeun Park
- R&D Team, Samsung Electronics CO., LTD, Suwon, Korea
| | - Hideo Nojima
- R&D Team, Samsung Electronics CO., LTD, Suwon, Korea
| | | | - Yeon Kyung Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Ho Chung
- Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Laboratory of Cutaneous Aging Research, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Institute of Human-Environment Interface Biology, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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The pattern and time course of somatosensory changes in the human UVB sunburn model reveal the presence of peripheral and central sensitization. Pain 2013; 154:586-597. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pain.2012.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Revised: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Wineman E, Portugal-Cohen M, Soroka Y, Cohen D, Schlippe G, Voss W, Brenner S, Milner Y, Hai N, Ma'or Z. Photo-damage protective effect of two facial products, containing a unique complex of Dead Sea minerals and Himalayan actives. J Cosmet Dermatol 2013; 11:183-92. [PMID: 22938002 DOI: 10.1111/j.1473-2165.2012.00625.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Skin appearance is badly affected when exposed to solar UV rays, which encourage physiological and structural cutaneous alterations that eventually lead to skin photo-damage. AIMS To test the capability of two facial preparations, extreme day cream (EXD) and extreme night treatment (EXN), containing a unique complex of Dead Sea water and three Himalayan extracts, to antagonize biological effects induced by photo-damage. METHODS Pieces of organ cultures of human skin were used as a model to assess the biological effects of UVB irradiation and the protective effect of topical application of two Extreme preparations. Skin pieces were analyzed for mitochondrial activity by MTT assay, for apoptosis by caspase 3 assay, and for cytokine secretion by solid phase ELISA. Human subjects were tested to evaluate the effect of Extreme preparations on skin wrinkle depth using PRIMOS and skin hydration by a corneometer. RESULTS UVB irradiation induced cell apoptosis in the epidermis of skin organ cultures and increased their pro-inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis α (TNFα) secretion. Topical applications of both preparations significantly attenuated all these effects. Furthermore, in human subjects, a reduction in wrinkle depth and an elevation in the intense skin moisture were observed. CONCLUSIONS The observations clearly show that EXD and EXN preparations have protective anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties that can attenuate biological effects of skin photo-damage. Topical application of the preparations improves skin appearance by reducing its wrinkles depth and increasing its moisturizing impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eitan Wineman
- The Dead Sea Laboratory for Skin Biochemistry and Biotechnology, The Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Ein-Gedi, Israel
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Frušić-Zlotkin M, Soroka Y, Tivony R, Larush L, Verkhovsky L, Brégégère FM, Neuman R, Magdassi S, Milner Y. Penetration and biological effects of topically applied cyclosporin A nanoparticles in a human skin organ culture inflammatory model. Exp Dermatol 2012; 21:938-43. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.12051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marina Frušić-Zlotkin
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Silberman Institute of Life Sciences; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem; Israel
| | - Yoram Soroka
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Silberman Institute of Life Sciences; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem; Israel
| | - Ran Tivony
- Casali Center for Applied Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem; Israel
| | - Liraz Larush
- Casali Center for Applied Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem; Israel
| | - Lilian Verkhovsky
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Silberman Institute of Life Sciences; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem; Israel
| | - François Menahem Brégégère
- Department of Biological Chemistry; Silberman Institute of Life Sciences; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem; Israel
| | - Rami Neuman
- Department of Cosmetic Surgery; Hadassah Hospital Ein Karem; Jerusalem; Israel
| | - Shlomo Magdassi
- Casali Center for Applied Chemistry; Institute of Chemistry; The Hebrew University of Jerusalem; Jerusalem; Israel
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Affiliation(s)
- David M. Ansell
- The Healing Foundation Centre; Faculty of Life Sciences; The University of Manchester; Manchester; UK
| | | | - Matthew J. Hardman
- The Healing Foundation Centre; Faculty of Life Sciences; The University of Manchester; Manchester; UK
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Magina S, Vieira-Coelho MA, Serrão MP, Kosmus C, Moura E, Moura D. Ultraviolet B radiation differentially modifies catechol-O-methyltransferase activity in keratinocytes and melanoma cells. PHOTODERMATOLOGY PHOTOIMMUNOLOGY & PHOTOMEDICINE 2012; 28:137-41. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0781.2012.00653.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria Paula Serrão
- Institute of Pharmacology and Therapeutics; Faculty of Medicine; University of Porto; Porto; Portugal
| | - Carina Kosmus
- Institute of Pharmacology and Therapeutics; Faculty of Medicine; University of Porto; Porto; Portugal
| | | | - Daniel Moura
- Institute of Pharmacology and Therapeutics; Faculty of Medicine; University of Porto; Porto; Portugal
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Regensburger J, Knak A, Maisch T, Landthaler M, Bäumler W. Fatty acids and vitamins generate singlet oxygen under UVB irradiation. Exp Dermatol 2012; 21:135-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2011.01414.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Kim DH, Byamba D, Wu WH, Kim TG, Lee MG. Different characteristics of reactive oxygen species production by human keratinocyte cell line cells in response to allergens and irritants. Exp Dermatol 2011; 21:99-103. [PMID: 22141451 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2011.01399.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Keratinocytes mount immune responses through the secretion of a variety of inflammatory cytokines, soluble proteins and reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the role of ROS in keratinocytes in response to allergens and irritants has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the (i) ROS production; (ii) potential sites of ROS production; (iii) expression of cell surface molecules; (iv) secretion of cytokines; and (v) ROS-dependent protein carbonylation in chemical-treated human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) cells. Treatment of HaCaT cells with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and benzalkonium chloride (BKC) increased ROS levels in a time- and dose-dependent manner, as determined with dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (CM-H(2) DCFDA), without reducing cell viability. Potential sources of ROS production were evaluated with pretreatment of diphenylene iodonium (DPI), an inhibitor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase; rotenone, an inhibitor of the mitochondrial electron transport chain complex or allopurinol, a xanthine oxidase inhibitor. The DNCB-induced ROS was related to both NADPH oxidase and mitochondrial electron transport chain complex. Conversely, BKC-induced ROS was related to NADPH oxidase only. Western blotting using an anti-DNP antibody revealed ROS-dependent protein carbonylation in response to DNCB but not BKC. Both DNCB and BKC increased the secretion of IL-1α from HaCaT cells; however, ROS production as well as other changes, except DNCB-induced secretion of IL-1α, was not inhibited by antioxidants. Although the role of ROS in keratinocytes in response to chemicals was inconclusive, our results suggest that the characteristics of ROS produced by keratinocytes in response to chemicals might differ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hyun Kim
- Department of Dermatology, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Korea
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Navid F, Kolbe L, Stäb F, Korff T, Neufang G. UV radiation induces the release of angiopoietin-2 from dermal microvascular endothelial cells. Exp Dermatol 2011; 21:147-53. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0625.2011.01416.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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