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Crouch EEV, Hollinger C, Zec S, McAloose D. Fatal Hymenolepis nana cestodiasis in a ring-tailed lemur ( Lemur catta). Vet Pathol 2021; 59:169-172. [PMID: 34493121 DOI: 10.1177/03009858211042580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The cestode Hymenolepis nana is a common parasite of humans and mice. Fecal shedding in the absence of clinical disease has previously been reported in ring-tailed lemurs (Lemur catta). This report describes fatal, disseminated H. nana cestodiasis infection in an aged ring-tailed lemur in a zoological collection. The parasites were associated with severe multifocal to coalescing and regionally extensive pyogranulomatous hepatitis and moderate multifocal pneumonia. The morphology of the parasites was highly unusual. Profiles were variably sized, ellipsoid to irregularly serpiginous, lined by a thin tegument, and filled with lightly eosinophilic fibrillar stroma and numerous, round basophilic cells. Polymerase chain reaction targeting a portion of the 18S rRNA gene and DNA sequencing of the amplicon showed 100% homology with H. nana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther E V Crouch
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Zoological Health Program, Bronx Zoo, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Charlotte Hollinger
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Zoological Health Program, Bronx Zoo, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Stephanie Zec
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Zoological Health Program, Bronx Zoo, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Denise McAloose
- Wildlife Conservation Society, Zoological Health Program, Bronx Zoo, Bronx, NY, USA
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Ndosi BA, Park H, Lee D, Choe S, Kang Y, Nath TC, Bia MM, Eamudomkarn C, Jeon HK, Eom KS. Morphological and Molecular Identification of Spirometra Tapeworms (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae) from Carnivorous Mammals in the Serengeti and Selous Ecosystems of Tanzania. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2020; 58:653-660. [PMID: 33412769 PMCID: PMC7806435 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2020.58.6.653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Spirometra tapeworms (Cestoda: Diphyllobothriidae) collected from carnivorous mammals in Tanzania were identified by the DNA sequence analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) and internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1), and by morphological characteristics. A total of 15 adult worms were collected from stool samples and carcasses of Panthera leo, Panthera pardus, and Crocuta crocuta in the Serengeti and Selous ecosystems of Tanzania. Three Spirometra species: S. theileri, S. ranarum and S. erinaceieuropaei were identified based on morphological features. Partial cox1 sequences (400 bp) of 10 specimens were revealed. Eight specimens showed 99.5% similarity with Spirometra theileri (MK955901), 1 specimen showed 99.5% similarity with the Korean S. erinaceieuropaei and 1 specimen had 99.5% similarity with Myanmar S. ranarum. Sequence homology estimates for the ITS1 region of S. theileri were 89.8% with S. erinaceieuropaei, 82.5% with S. decipiens, and 78.3% with S. ranarum; and 94.4% homology was observed between S. decipiens and S. ranarum. Phylogenetic analyses were performed with 4 species of Spirometra and 2 species of Dibothriocephalus (=Diphyllobothrium). By both ML and BI methods, cox1 and ITS1 gave well supported, congruent trees topology of S. erinaceieuropaei and S. theileri with S. decipiens and S. ranarum forming a clade. The Dibothriocephalus species were sisters of each other and collectively forming successive outgroups. Our findings confirmed that 3 Spirometra species (S. theileri, S. ranarum, and S. erinaceieuropaei) are distributed in the Serengeti and Selous ecosystems of Tanzania.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barakaeli Abdieli Ndosi
- Department of Parasitology, Parasitology Research Center and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University, School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea.,Tanzania Wildlife Management Authority, P.O. Box 2658 Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Hansol Park
- Department of Parasitology, Parasitology Research Center and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University, School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Dongmin Lee
- Department of Parasitology, Parasitology Research Center and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University, School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Seongjun Choe
- Department of Parasitology, Parasitology Research Center and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University, School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Yeseul Kang
- Department of Parasitology, Parasitology Research Center and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University, School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Tilak Chandra Nath
- Department of Parasitology, Parasitology Research Center and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University, School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea.,Department of Parasitology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammed Mebarek Bia
- Department of Parasitology, Parasitology Research Center and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University, School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Chatanun Eamudomkarn
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Hyeong-Kyu Jeon
- Department of Parasitology, Parasitology Research Center and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University, School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Keeseon S Eom
- Department of Parasitology, Parasitology Research Center and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University, School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
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Eom KS, Park H, Lee D, Choe S, Kang Y, Bia MM, Ndosi BA, Nath TC, Eamudomkarn C, Keyyu J, Fyumagwa R, Mduma S, Jeon HK. Identity of Spirometra theileri from a Leopard (Panthera pardus) and Spotted Hyena (Crocuta crocuta) in Tanzania. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2019; 57:639-645. [PMID: 31914517 PMCID: PMC6960250 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2019.57.6.639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, a Spirometra species of Tanzania origin obtained from an African leopard (Panthera pardus) and spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) was identified based on molecular analysis of cytochrome c oxidase I (cox1) and NADH dehydrogenase subunit I (nad1) as well as by morphological observations of an adult tapeworm. One strobila and several segments of a Spirometra species were obtained from the intestine of an African male leopard (Panthera pardus) and spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) in the Maswa Game Reserve of Tanzania. The morphological characteristics of S. theileri observed comprised 3 uterine loops on one side and 4 on the other side of the mid-line, a uterine pore situated posterior to the vagina and alternating irregularly either to the right or left of the latter, and vesicular seminis that were much smaller than other Spirometra species. Sequence differences in the cox1 and nad1 genes between S. theileri (Tanzania origin) and S. erinaceieuropaei were 10.1% (cox1) and 12.0% (nad1), while those of S. decipiens and S. ranarum were 9.6%, 9.8% (cox1) and 13.0%, 12.6% (nad1), respectively. The morphological features of the Tanzania-origin Spirometra specimens coincided with those of S. theileri, and the molecular data was also consistent with that of S. theileri, thereby demonstrating the distribution of S. theileri in Tanzania. This places the leopard (Panthera pardus) and spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) as new definitive hosts of this spirometrid tapeworm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keeseon S Eom
- Department of Parasitology, Parasitology Research Center and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Hansol Park
- Department of Parasitology, Parasitology Research Center and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Dongmin Lee
- Department of Parasitology, Parasitology Research Center and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Seongjun Choe
- Department of Parasitology, Parasitology Research Center and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Yeseul Kang
- Department of Parasitology, Parasitology Research Center and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Mohammed Mebarek Bia
- Department of Parasitology, Parasitology Research Center and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Barakaeli Abdieli Ndosi
- Department of Parasitology, Parasitology Research Center and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea.,Tanzania Wildlife Management Authority, P.O. BOX 2658 Morogoro, Tanzania
| | - Tilak Chandra Nath
- Department of Parasitology, Parasitology Research Center and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea.,Department of Parasitology, Sylhet Agricultural University, Bangladesh
| | - Chatanun Eamudomkarn
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, Thailand
| | - Julius Keyyu
- Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania
| | | | - Simon Mduma
- Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Hyeong-Kyu Jeon
- Department of Parasitology, Parasitology Research Center and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
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Scholz T, Kuchta R, Brabec J. Broad tapeworms (Diphyllobothriidae), parasites of wildlife and humans: Recent progress and future challenges. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2019; 9:359-369. [PMID: 31341771 PMCID: PMC6630034 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Tapeworms of the family Diphyllobothriidae, commonly known as broad tapeworms, are predominantly large-bodied parasites of wildlife capable of infecting humans as their natural or accidental host. Diphyllobothriosis caused by adults of the genera Dibothriocephalus, Adenocephalus and Diphyllobothrium is usually not a life-threatening disease. Sparganosis, in contrast, is caused by larvae (plerocercoids) of species of Spirometra and can have serious health consequences, exceptionally leading to host's death in the case of generalised sparganosis caused by 'Sparganum proliferum'. While most of the definitive wildlife hosts of broad tapeworms are recruited from marine and terrestrial mammal taxa (mainly carnivores and cetaceans), only a few diphyllobothriideans mature in fish-eating birds. In this review, we provide an overview the recent progress in our understanding of the diversity, phylogenetic relationships and distribution of broad tapeworms achieved over the last decade and outline the prospects of future research. The multigene family-wide phylogeny of the order published in 2017 allowed to propose an updated classification of the group, including new generic assignment of the most important causative agents of human diphyllobothriosis, i.e., Dibothriocephalus latus and D. nihonkaiensis. Genomic data of selected representatives have also begun to accumulate, promising future developments in understanding the biology of this particular group of parasites. The list of nominal species of taxonomically most complicated genus Spirometra as well as host-parasite list of 37 species of broad tapeworms parasitising marine mammals (pinnipeds and cetaceans) are also provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Scholz
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Kuchta
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Brabec
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Natural History Museum of Geneva, PO Box 6434, CH-1211, Geneva 6, Switzerland
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Eom KS, Park H, Lee D, Choe S, Kang Y, Bia MM, Lee SH, Keyyu J, Fyumagwa R, Jeon HK. Molecular and Morphologic Identification of Spirometra ranarum Found in the Stool of African Lion, Panthera leo in the Serengeti Plain of Tanzania. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2018; 56:379-383. [PMID: 30196672 PMCID: PMC6137300 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2018.56.4.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study was performed with morphological and molecular analysis (cox1 and nad1 mitochondrial genes) to identify the proglottids of spirometrid tapeworm found in the stool of an African lion, Panthera leo, in the Serengeti plain of Tanzania. A strand of tapeworm strobila, about 75 cm in length, was obtained in the stool of a male African lion in the Serengeti National Park (34˚ 50' E, 02˚ 30' S), Tanzania, in February 2012. The morphological features of the adult worm examined exhibited 3 uterine coils with a bow tie appearance and adopted a diagonal direction in the second turn. The posterior uterine coils are larger than terminal uterine ball and the feature of uteri are swirling rather than spirally coiling. The sequence difference between the Spirometra species (Tanzania origin) and S. erinaceieuropaei (GenBank no. KJ599680) was 9.4% while those of S. decipiens (GenBank no. KJ599679) differed by 2.1% in the cox1 and nad1 genes. Phylogenetic tree topologies generated using the 2 analytic methods were identical and presented high level of confidence values for the 3 major branches of the 3 Spirometra species in the cox1 gene. The morphological and molecular findings obtained in this study were nearly coincided with those of S. ranarum. Therefore, we can know for the first time that the African lion, Panthera leo, is to the definitive host of this tapeworm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keeseon S Eom
- Department of Parasitology, Medical Research Institute and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Hansol Park
- Department of Parasitology, Medical Research Institute and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Dongmin Lee
- Department of Parasitology, Medical Research Institute and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Seongjun Choe
- Department of Parasitology, Medical Research Institute and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Yeseul Kang
- Department of Parasitology, Medical Research Institute and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Mohammed Mebarek Bia
- Department of Parasitology, Medical Research Institute and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Sang-Hwa Lee
- Department of Parasitology, Medical Research Institute and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Julius Keyyu
- Tanzania Wildlife Research Institute, Arusha, Tanzania
| | | | - Hyeong-Kyu Jeon
- Department of Parasitology, Medical Research Institute and Parasite Resource Bank, Chungbuk National University School of Medicine, Cheongju 28644, Korea
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Liu Q, Li MW, Wang ZD, Zhao GH, Zhu XQ. Human sparganosis, a neglected food borne zoonosis. THE LANCET. INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2015; 15:1226-1235. [PMID: 26364132 DOI: 10.1016/s1473-3099(15)00133-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2014] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Human sparganosis is a food borne zoonosis caused by the plerocercoid larvae (spargana) of various diphyllobothroid tapeworms of the genus Spirometra. Human infections are acquired by ingesting the raw or undercooked meat of snakes or frogs, drinking untreated water, or using raw flesh in traditional poultices. More than 1600 cases of sparganosis have been documented worldwide, mostly in east and southeast Asia. Sporadic cases have been reported in South America, Europe, and Africa, and several cases have been described in travellers returning from endemic regions. Epidemiological data suggest that the increased effect of sparganosis on human health is because of greater consumption of raw meat of freshwater frogs and snakes. This Review provides information about the Spirometra parasites and their lifecycles, summarises clinical features, diagnosis, and treatment of human sparganosis, and describes geographical distribution and infection characteristics of Spirometra parasites in host animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China; Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Ming-Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China; Department of Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural College, Guangdong Ocean University, Huguangyan, Zhanjiang, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Ze-Dong Wang
- Military Veterinary Institute, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control, Changchun, Jilin Province, China
| | - Guang-Hui Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xing-Quan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, Gansu Province, China.
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Eberhard ML, Thiele EA, Yembo GE, Yibi MS, Cama VA, Ruiz-Tiben E. Thirty-Seven Human Cases of Sparganosis from Ethiopia and South Sudan Caused by Spirometra Spp. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2015; 93:350-355. [PMID: 26055739 PMCID: PMC4530760 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.15-0236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Thirty-seven unusual specimens, three from Ethiopia and 34 from South Sudan, were submitted since 2012 for further identification by the Ethiopian Dracunculiasis Eradication Program (EDEP) and the South Sudan Guinea Worm Eradication Program (SSGWEP), respectively. Although the majority of specimens emerged from sores or breaks in the skin, there was concern that they did not represent bona fide cases of Dracunculus medinensis and that they needed detailed examination and identification as provided by the World Health Organization Collaborating Center (WHO CC) at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). All 37 specimens were identified on microscopic study as larval tapeworms of the spargana type, and DNA sequence analysis of seven confirmed the identification of Spirometra sp. Age of cases ranged between 7 and 70 years (mean 25 years); 21 (57%) patients were male and 16 were female. The presence of spargana in open skin lesions is somewhat atypical, but does confirm the fact that populations living in these remote areas are either ingesting infected copepods in unsafe drinking water or, more likely, eating poorly cooked paratenic hosts harboring the parasite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark L. Eberhard
- *Address correspondence to Mark L. Eberhard, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30333. E-mail:
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Dick EJ, Owston MA, David JM, Sharp RM, Rouse S, Hubbard GB. Mortality in captive baboons (Papio spp.): a-23-year study. J Med Primatol 2014; 43:169-96. [PMID: 24483852 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We report the causes of mortality for 4350 captive baboons that died or were euthanized due to natural causes during a 23 year period at the Southwest National Primate Research Center. METHODS Necropsy records were retrieved and reviewed to determine a primary cause of death or indication for euthanasia. Data was evaluated for morphological diagnosis, organ system, and etiology. RESULTS The 20 most common morphologic diagnoses accounted for 76% of the cases, including stillborn (10.8%); colitis (8.6%); hemorrhage (8.4%); ulcer (5.2%); seizures (4.7%); pneumonia (4.2%); inanition (4.1%); dermatitis (3.8%); spondylosis (3.3%); and amyloidosis (3.0%). The digestive system was most frequently involved (21.3%), followed by the urogenital (20.3%), cardiovascular (12.2%), and multisystem disease (10.3%). An etiology was not identified in approximately one-third of cases. The most common etiologies were trauma (14.8%), degenerative (9.5%), viral (8.7%), and neoplastic/proliferative (7.0%). CONCLUSION This information should be useful for individuals working with baboons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Lee SH, Choe EY, Shin HD, Seo M. Spargana in a weasel, Mustela sibirica manchurica, and a wild boar, Sus scrofa, from Gangwon-do, Korea. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2013; 51:379-81. [PMID: 23864753 PMCID: PMC3712116 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2013.51.3.379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Revised: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
To know the status of sparganum (plerocercoid of Spirometra erinacei) infection in the Korean wild life, several species of wild animals were captured in Gangwon-do and examined for their status of infection with spargana. From February to December 2011, a total of 62 wild boars, 5 badgers, 1 weasel, 1 Siberian chipmunk, and 53 wild rodents were captured, and their whole muscles were examined with naked eyes for the presence of spargana worms. From the weasel and 1 wild boar, a total of 5 spargana specimens were extracted. The weasel was for the first time recorded as an intermediate or paratenic/transport host of S. erinacei in Korea, and both the weasel (Mustela sibirica manchurica) and wild boar (Sus scrofa) were added to the list of wild animals carrying spargana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung-Ha Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan 330-714, Korea
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Lowenstine LJ, Osborn KG. Respiratory System Diseases of Nonhuman Primates. NONHUMAN PRIMATES IN BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH 2012. [PMCID: PMC7158299 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-381366-4.00009-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Conn DB, Galán-Puchades MT, Fuentes MV. Normal and aberrant Mesocestoides tetrathyridia from Crocidura spp. (Soricimorpha) in Corsica and Spain. J Parasitol 2011; 97:915-9. [PMID: 21612421 DOI: 10.1645/ge-2441.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetrathyridia of Mesocestoides sp. were collected from the body cavities of the shrews (Insectivora), Crocidura russula, in Valencia, Spain and Crocidura suaveolens on the Mediterranean island of Corsica, France. Specimens were processed by routine microscopic and histological techniques, including examination with brightfield, phase-contrast, and differential-interference-contrast optics. Most tetrathyridia were clustered together inside host-derived fibrotic capsules, but some occurred free in the body cavity. All specimens examined from both locations had solid hindbodies, i.e., lacking a primary lacuna, thus conforming to the plerocercoid metacestode type; all possessed a single normal tetra-acetabulate scolex. All metacestodes from C. russula in Valencia were normal tetrathyridia. Those from C. suaveolens in Corsica were either normal tetrathyridia or had aberrant deep convolutions of an unusually elongated hindbody. No tetrathyridium from either location or host showed tegumental or excretory duct anomalies such as those reported by several authors from aberrant tetrathyridia and spargana in some other locations. No definitive evidence of asexual proliferation was visible in any of the tetrathyridia, but those with abnormally convoluted hindbodies from a single C. suaveolens in Corsica suggest the potential for asexuality by fission of the hindbody. These results add to our understanding of morphological and developmental variation among metacestodes in this widespread and variable genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bruce Conn
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
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Smith T, Smith B, Reid D, Siedel H, Vigilant L, Hublin J, Boesch C. Dental development of the Taï Forest chimpanzees revisited. J Hum Evol 2010; 58:363-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jhevol.2010.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2009] [Revised: 01/21/2010] [Accepted: 11/25/2009] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Conn DB, Galán-Puchades MT, Fuentes MV. Interactions between anomalous excretory and tegumental epithelia in aberrant Mesocestoides tetrathyridia from Apodemus sylvaticus in Spain. Parasitol Res 2010; 106:1109-15. [PMID: 20165874 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-010-1774-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2009] [Accepted: 01/17/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Tetrathyridia of Mesocestoides sp. (Platyhelminthes: Cestoda) were collected from the body cavities of Apodemus sylvaticus (Rodentia: Muridae) in Murcia, Spain, and processed by routine microscopical and histological techniques, including examination with brightfield, phase-contrast, and differential-interference-contrast optics. All specimens examined had solid hindbodies (i.e., lacked a primary lacuna), thus conforming to the plerocercoid metacestode type. The vast majority of tetrathyridia were highly aberrant, often lacking a scolex, varying greatly in body size, and exhibiting buds or duplexed body forms indicative of asexual proliferation. All of the aberrant forms, including those with normal scoleces and apparent absence of proliferation, possessed anomalous multi-lobed invaginations of the hindbody tegument, which were attached at many points to abnormally dilated excretory ducts. The tegumental and excretory epithelia were joined basally, but did not share a common lumen. These abnormal connections between these aberrant tegumental modifications and the abnormally dilated excretory ducts have not been described previously for any metacestode. This report contributes to understanding previously published reports of abnormalities in other plerocercoid metacestodes, including Mesocestoides spp. and diphyllobothriidean spargana.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bruce Conn
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
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Post-embryonic development and ultrastructural characteristics of the polycephalic larva of Taenia parva Baer, 1926 (Cyclophyllidea, Taeniidae). Acta Parasitol 2007. [DOI: 10.2478/s11686-007-0009-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPost-embryonic development and fully-formed polycephalic larvae of Taenia parva Baer, 1926 were examined by light (LM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Three developmental stages were recognised: (1) an early stage of exogenous budding at the surface of the central vesicle; (2) a stage of polycephalic cyst development accompanied by segmentation of the growing larval strobile and an obvious decrease in the size of the central vesicle; (3) fully-formed larval strobile and invaginated scoleces. In fully-developed encysted polycephalic larvae, there are usually 14–24 segmented larval strobilae, each terminating with an invaginated scolex; larval strobilae arise from a common central vesicle and remain attached posterior to it during the entire development. The number of segments varies between 109 and 120 per larval strobila. The polycephalic larvae examined closely resemble the strobilocercus type of taeniid larvae. The structure of developing and fully-formed larvae was examined by TEM. The tegument, scolex, subtegumental musculature of the strobilar segments, protonephridial system, calcareous corpuscles and medullary parenchyma of larvae exhibit general similarity with the same structures in adults at both LM and TEM levels. The morphogenesis of the larva of T. parva is compared with that of the polycephalic larvae of other Taenia spp. (T. krepkogorski, T. twitchelli and T. endothoracica) and with other asexually-multiplying cestode larvae (mesocestoidids, hymenolepidids and dilepidids).
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