1
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Kim IJ, Tighe MP, Clark MJ, Gromowski GD, Lanthier PA, Travis KL, Bernacki DT, Cookenham TS, Lanzer KG, Szaba FM, Tamhankar MA, Ross CN, Tardif SD, Layne-Colon D, Dick EJ, Gonzalez O, Giraldo Giraldo MI, Patterson JL, Blackman MA. Impact of prior dengue virus infection on Zika virus infection during pregnancy in marmosets. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eabq6517. [PMID: 37285402 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abq6517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) infection during pregnancy causes severe developmental defects in newborns, termed congenital Zika syndrome (CZS). Factors contributing to a surge in ZIKV-associated CZS are poorly understood. One possibility is that ZIKV may exploit the antibody-dependent enhancement of infection mechanism, mediated by cross-reactive antibodies from prior dengue virus (DENV) infection, which may exacerbate ZIKV infection during pregnancy. In this study, we investigated the impact of prior DENV infection or no DENV infection on ZIKV pathogenesis during pregnancy in a total of four female common marmosets with five or six fetuses per group. The results showed that negative-sense viral RNA copies increased in the placental and fetal tissues of DENV-immune dams but not in DENV-naïve dams. In addition, viral proteins were prevalent in endothelial cells, macrophages, and neonatal Fc receptor-expressing cells in the placental trabeculae and in neuronal cells in the brains of fetuses from DENV-immune dams. DENV-immune marmosets maintained high titers of cross-reactive ZIKV-binding antibodies that were poorly neutralizing, raising the possibility that these antibodies might be involved in the exacerbation of ZIKV infection. These findings need to be verified in a larger study, and the mechanism involved in the exacerbation of ZIKV infection in DENV-immune marmosets needs further investigation. However, the results suggest a potential negative impact of preexisting DENV immunity on subsequent ZIKV infection during pregnancy in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- In-Jeong Kim
- Trudeau Institute Inc., Saranac Lake, NY 12983, USA
| | | | | | - Gregory D Gromowski
- Viral Diseases Branch, Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Manasi A Tamhankar
- Southwest National Primate Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
| | - Corrina N Ross
- Southwest National Primate Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
| | - Suzette D Tardif
- Southwest National Primate Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
| | - Donna Layne-Colon
- Southwest National Primate Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
| | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
| | - Olga Gonzalez
- Southwest National Primate Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
| | - Maria I Giraldo Giraldo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Jean L Patterson
- Southwest National Primate Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA
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2
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Singh B, Moodley C, Singh DK, Escobedo RA, Sharan R, Arora G, Ganatra SR, Shivanna V, Gonzalez O, Hall-Ursone S, Dick EJ, Kaushal D, Alvarez X, Mehra S. Inhibition of indoleamine dioxygenase leads to better control of tuberculosis adjunctive to chemotherapy. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e163101. [PMID: 36692017 PMCID: PMC9977315 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.163101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), a robust immunosuppressant, is significantly induced in macaque tuberculosis (TB) granulomas, where it is expressed on IFN-responsive macrophages and myeloid-derived suppressor cells. IDO expression is also highly induced in human TB granulomas, and products of its activity are detected in patients with TB. In vivo blockade of IDO activity resulted in the reorganization of the granuloma with substantially greater T cells being recruited to the core of the lesions. This correlated with better immune control of TB and reduced lung M. tuberculosis burdens. To study if the IDO blockade strategy can be translated to a bona fide host-directed therapy in the clinical setting of TB, we studied the effect of IDO inhibitor 1-methyl-d-tryptophan adjunctive to suboptimal anti-TB chemotherapy. While two-thirds of controls and one-third of chemotherapy-treated animals progressed to active TB, inhibition of IDO adjunctive to the same therapy protected macaques from TB, as measured by clinical, radiological, and microbiological attributes. Although chemotherapy improved proliferative T cell responses, adjunctive inhibition of IDO further enhanced the recruitment of effector T cells to the lung. These results strongly suggest the possibility that IDO inhibition can be attempted adjunctive to anti-TB chemotherapy in clinical trials.
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3
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Bishop AC, Spradling‐Reeves KD, Shade RE, Lange KJ, Birnbaum S, Favela K, Dick EJ, Nijland MJ, Li C, Nathanielsz PW, Cox LA. Postnatal persistence of nonhuman primate sex-dependent renal structural and molecular changes programmed by intrauterine growth restriction. J Med Primatol 2022; 51:329-344. [PMID: 35855511 PMCID: PMC9796938 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor nutrition during fetal development programs postnatal kidney function. Understanding postnatal consequences in nonhuman primates (NHP) is important for translation to our understanding the impact on human kidney function and disease risk. We hypothesized that intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) in NHP persists postnatally, with potential molecular mechanisms revealed by Western-type diet challenge. METHODS IUGR juvenile baboons were fed a 7-week Western diet, with kidney biopsies, blood, and urine collected before and after challenge. Transcriptomics and metabolomics were used to analyze biosamples. RESULTS Pre-challenge IUGR kidney transcriptome and urine metabolome differed from controls. Post-challenge, sex and diet-specific responses in urine metabolite and renal signaling pathways were observed. Dysregulated mTOR signaling persisted postnatally in female pre-challenge. Post-challenge IUGR male response showed uncoordinated signaling suggesting proximal tubule injury. CONCLUSION Fetal undernutrition impacts juvenile offspring kidneys at the molecular level suggesting early-onset blood pressure dysregulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C. Bishop
- Center for Precision MedicineDepartment of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Kimberly D. Spradling‐Reeves
- Center for Precision MedicineDepartment of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Robert E. Shade
- Southwest National Primate Research CenterTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - Kenneth J. Lange
- Department of Pharmaceuticals and BioengineeringSouthwest Research InstituteSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - Shifra Birnbaum
- Southwest National Primate Research CenterTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - Kristin Favela
- Department of Pharmaceuticals and BioengineeringSouthwest Research InstituteSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - Edward J. Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research CenterTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - Mark J. Nijland
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterSan AntonioTexasUSA
| | - Cun Li
- Department of Animal SciencesUniversity of WyomingLaramieWyomingUSA
| | - Peter W. Nathanielsz
- Southwest National Primate Research CenterTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexasUSA
- Department of Animal SciencesUniversity of WyomingLaramieWyomingUSA
| | - Laura A. Cox
- Center for Precision MedicineDepartment of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of MedicineWinston‐SalemNorth CarolinaUSA
- Southwest National Primate Research CenterTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTexasUSA
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4
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Sharan R, Ganatra SR, Singh DK, Cole J, Foreman TW, Thippeshappa R, Peloquin CA, Shivanna V, Gonzalez O, Day CL, Gandhi NR, Dick EJ, Hall-Ursone S, Mehra S, Schlesinger LS, Rengarajan J, Kaushal D. Isoniazid and rifapentine treatment effectively reduces persistent M. tuberculosis infection in macaque lungs. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:e161564. [PMID: 35862216 PMCID: PMC9479578 DOI: 10.1172/jci161564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A once-weekly oral dose of isoniazid and rifapentine for 3 months (3HP) is recommended by the CDC for treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). The aim of this study is to assess 3HP-mediated clearance of M. tuberculosis bacteria in macaques with asymptomatic LTBI. Twelve Indian-origin rhesus macaques were infected with a low dose (~10 CFU) of M. tuberculosis CDC1551 via aerosol. Six animals were treated with 3HP and 6 were left untreated. The animals were imaged via PET/CT at frequent intervals. Upon treatment completion, all animals except 1 were coinfected with SIV to assess reactivation of LTBI to active tuberculosis (ATB). Four of 6 treated macaques showed no evidence of persistent bacilli or extrapulmonary spread until the study end point. PET/CT demonstrated the presence of significantly more granulomas in untreated animals relative to the treated group. The untreated animals harbored persistent bacilli and demonstrated tuberculosis (TB) reactivation following SIV coinfection, while none of the treated animals reactivated to ATB. 3HP treatment effectively reduced persistent infection with M. tuberculosis and prevented reactivation of TB in latently infected macaques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riti Sharan
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Shashank R. Ganatra
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Dhiraj K. Singh
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Journey Cole
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Taylor W. Foreman
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Rajesh Thippeshappa
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | | | - Vinay Shivanna
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Olga Gonzalez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | | | - Neel R. Gandhi
- Emory Tuberculosis Center and
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Edward J. Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Shannan Hall-Ursone
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Smriti Mehra
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Larry S. Schlesinger
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Jyothi Rengarajan
- Emory Tuberculosis Center and
- Emory Vaccine Center, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Deepak Kaushal
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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5
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Kim IJ, Lanthier PA, Clark MJ, De La Barrera RA, Tighe MP, Szaba FM, Travis KL, Low-Beer TC, Cookenham TS, Lanzer KG, Bernacki DT, Johnson LL, Schneck AA, Ross CN, Tardif SD, Layne-Colon D, Mdaki SD, Dick EJ, Chuba C, Gonzalez O, Brasky KM, Dutton J, Rutherford JN, Coffey LL, Singapuri A, Martin CSS, Chiu CY, Thomas SJ, Modjarrad K, Patterson JL, Blackman MA. Author Correction: Efficacy of an inactivated Zika vaccine against virus infection during pregnancy in mice and marmosets. NPJ Vaccines 2022; 7:99. [PMID: 35987764 PMCID: PMC9392767 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-022-00520-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- In-Jeong Kim
- Trudeau Institute, Inc., Saranac Lake, NY, 12983, USA.
| | - Paula A. Lanthier
- grid.250945.f0000 0004 0462 7513Trudeau Institute, Inc., Saranac Lake, NY 12983 USA
| | - Madeline J. Clark
- grid.250945.f0000 0004 0462 7513Trudeau Institute, Inc., Saranac Lake, NY 12983 USA
| | - Rafael A. De La Barrera
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Pilot Bioproduction Facility, Center for Enabling Capabilities, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA
| | - Michael P. Tighe
- grid.250945.f0000 0004 0462 7513Trudeau Institute, Inc., Saranac Lake, NY 12983 USA
| | - Frank M. Szaba
- grid.250945.f0000 0004 0462 7513Trudeau Institute, Inc., Saranac Lake, NY 12983 USA
| | - Kelsey L. Travis
- grid.250945.f0000 0004 0462 7513Trudeau Institute, Inc., Saranac Lake, NY 12983 USA
| | - Timothy C. Low-Beer
- grid.250945.f0000 0004 0462 7513Trudeau Institute, Inc., Saranac Lake, NY 12983 USA
| | - Tres S. Cookenham
- grid.250945.f0000 0004 0462 7513Trudeau Institute, Inc., Saranac Lake, NY 12983 USA
| | - Kathleen G. Lanzer
- grid.250945.f0000 0004 0462 7513Trudeau Institute, Inc., Saranac Lake, NY 12983 USA
| | - Derek T. Bernacki
- grid.250945.f0000 0004 0462 7513Trudeau Institute, Inc., Saranac Lake, NY 12983 USA
| | - Lawrence L. Johnson
- grid.250945.f0000 0004 0462 7513Trudeau Institute, Inc., Saranac Lake, NY 12983 USA
| | - Amanda A. Schneck
- grid.250945.f0000 0004 0462 7513Trudeau Institute, Inc., Saranac Lake, NY 12983 USA
| | - Corinna N. Ross
- grid.250889.e0000 0001 2215 0219Southwest National Primate Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227 USA
| | - Suzette D. Tardif
- grid.250889.e0000 0001 2215 0219Southwest National Primate Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227 USA
| | - Donna Layne-Colon
- grid.250889.e0000 0001 2215 0219Southwest National Primate Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227 USA
| | - Stephanie D. Mdaki
- grid.250889.e0000 0001 2215 0219Southwest National Primate Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227 USA
| | - Edward J. Dick
- grid.250889.e0000 0001 2215 0219Southwest National Primate Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227 USA
| | - Colin Chuba
- grid.250889.e0000 0001 2215 0219Southwest National Primate Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227 USA
| | - Olga Gonzalez
- grid.250889.e0000 0001 2215 0219Southwest National Primate Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227 USA
| | - Kathleen M. Brasky
- grid.250889.e0000 0001 2215 0219Southwest National Primate Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227 USA
| | - John Dutton
- grid.250889.e0000 0001 2215 0219Southwest National Primate Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227 USA
| | - Julienne N. Rutherford
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319Department of Human Development Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612 USA
| | - Lark L. Coffey
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Anil Singapuri
- grid.27860.3b0000 0004 1936 9684Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616 USA
| | - Claudia Sanchez San Martin
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA ,grid.47840.3f0000 0001 2181 7878Present Address: Division of Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, School of Public Health, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA
| | - Charles Y. Chiu
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158 USA
| | - Stephen J. Thomas
- grid.411023.50000 0000 9159 4457Division of Infectious Diseases, Institute for Global Health and Translational Sciences, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA
| | - Kayvon Modjarrad
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA
| | - Jean L. Patterson
- grid.250889.e0000 0001 2215 0219Southwest National Primate Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227 USA
| | - Marcia A. Blackman
- grid.250945.f0000 0004 0462 7513Trudeau Institute, Inc., Saranac Lake, NY 12983 USA
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6
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Choudhary S, Kanevsky I, Yildiz S, Sellers RS, Swanson KA, Franks T, Rathnasinghe R, Munoz-Moreno R, Jangra S, Gonzalez O, Meade P, Coskran T, Qian J, Lanz TA, Johnson JG, Tierney CA, Smith JD, Tompkins K, Illenberger A, Corts P, Ciolino T, Dormitzer PR, Dick EJ, Shivanna V, Hall-Ursone S, Cole J, Kaushal D, Fontenot JA, Martinez-Romero C, McMahon M, Krammer F, Schotsaert M, García-Sastre A. Modeling SARS-CoV-2: Comparative Pathology in Rhesus Macaque and Golden Syrian Hamster Models. Toxicol Pathol 2022; 50:280-293. [PMID: 35128980 PMCID: PMC8819578 DOI: 10.1177/01926233211072767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in humans has a wide range of presentations, ranging from asymptomatic or mild symptoms to severe illness. Suitable animal models mimicking varying degrees of clinical disease manifestations could expedite development of therapeutics and vaccines for COVID-19. Here we demonstrate that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection resulted in subclinical disease in rhesus macaques with mild pneumonia and clinical disease in Syrian hamsters with severe pneumonia. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed by formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) polymerase chain reaction (PCR), immunohistochemistry, or in situ hybridization. Replicating virus in the lungs was identified using in situ hybridization or virus plaque forming assays. Viral encephalitis, reported in some COVID-19 patients, was identified in one macaque and was confirmed with immunohistochemistry. There was no evidence of encephalitis in hamsters. Severity and distribution of lung inflammation were substantially more in hamsters compared with macaques and exhibited vascular changes and virus-induced cytopathic changes as seen in COVID-19 patients. Neither the hamster nor macaque models demonstrated evidence for multisystemic inflammatory syndrome (MIS). Data presented here demonstrate that macaques may be appropriate for mechanistic studies of mild asymptomatic COVID-19 pneumonia and COVID-19-associated encephalitis, whereas Syrian hamsters may be more suited to study severe COVID-19 pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shambhunath Choudhary
- Pfizer, Pearl River, New York, USA,Shambhunath Choudhary, Pfizer, 401 North Middletown Road, Building 200/3608C, Pearl River, NY 10965, USA.
| | | | - Soner Yildiz
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sonia Jangra
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Olga Gonzalez
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Philip Meade
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Edward J. Dick
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Vinay Shivanna
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | | | - Journey Cole
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Deepak Kaushal
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | | | | | - Meagan McMahon
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Florian Krammer
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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7
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Sharan R, Ganatra SR, Bucsan AN, Cole J, Singh DK, Alvarez X, Gough M, Alvarez C, Blakley A, Ferdin J, Thippeshappa R, Singh B, Escobedo R, Shivanna V, Dick EJ, Hall-Ursone S, Khader SA, Mehra S, Rengarajan J, Kaushal D. Antiretroviral therapy timing impacts latent tuberculosis infection reactivation in a tuberculosis/simian immunodeficiency virus coinfection model. J Clin Invest 2021; 132:153090. [PMID: 34855621 PMCID: PMC8803324 DOI: 10.1172/jci153090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies using the nonhuman primate model of Mycobacteriumtuberculosis/simian immunodeficiency virus coinfection have revealed protective CD4+ T cell–independent immune responses that suppress latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) reactivation. In particular, chronic immune activation rather than the mere depletion of CD4+ T cells correlates with reactivation due to SIV coinfection. Here, we administered combinatorial antiretroviral therapy (cART) 2 weeks after SIV coinfection to study whether restoration of CD4+ T cell immunity occurred more broadly, and whether this prevented reactivation of LTBI compared to cART initiated 4 weeks after SIV. Earlier initiation of cART enhanced survival, led to better control of viral replication, and reduced immune activation in the periphery and lung vasculature, thereby reducing the rate of SIV-induced reactivation. We observed robust CD8+ T effector memory responses and significantly reduced macrophage turnover in the lung tissue. However, skewed CD4+ T effector memory responses persisted and new TB lesions formed after SIV coinfection. Thus, reactivation of LTBI is governed by very early events of SIV infection. Timing of cART is critical in mitigating chronic immune activation. The potential novelty of these findings mainly relates to the development of a robust animal model of human M. tuberculosis/HIV coinfection that allows the testing of underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riti Sharan
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Shashank R Ganatra
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Allison N Bucsan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University, St. Louis, St. Louis, United States of America
| | - Journey Cole
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Dhiraj K Singh
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Xavier Alvarez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Maya Gough
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Cynthia Alvarez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Alyssa Blakley
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Justin Ferdin
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Rajesh Thippeshappa
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Bindu Singh
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Ruby Escobedo
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Vinay Shivanna
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Shannan Hall-Ursone
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, United States of America
| | - Shabaana A Khader
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University, St. Louis, St. Louis, United States of America
| | - Smriti Mehra
- Divisions of Bacteriology and Parasitology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, United States of America
| | - Jyothi Rengarajan
- Emory Vaccine Center and Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, United States of America
| | - Deepak Kaushal
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, United States of America
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8
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Santora JA, Rogers TL, Cimino MA, Sakuma KM, Hanson KD, Dick EJ, Jahncke J, Warzybok P, Field JC. Diverse integrated ecosystem approach overcomes pandemic-related fisheries monitoring challenges. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6492. [PMID: 34764244 PMCID: PMC8585921 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26484-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused unprecedented cancellations of fisheries and ecosystem-assessment surveys, resulting in a recession of observations needed for management and conservation globally. This unavoidable reduction of survey data poses challenges for informing biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, developing future stock assessments of harvested species, and providing strategic advice for ecosystem-based management. We present a diversified framework involving integration of monitoring data with empirical models and simulations to inform ecosystem status within the California Current Large Marine Ecosystem. We augment trawl observations collected from a limited fisheries survey with survey effort reduction simulations, use of seabird diets as indicators of fish abundance, and krill species distribution modeling trained on past observations. This diversified approach allows for evaluation of ecosystem status during data-poor situations, especially during the COVID-19 era. The challenges to ecosystem monitoring imposed by the pandemic may be overcome by preparing for unexpected effort reduction, linking disparate ecosystem indicators, and applying new species modeling techniques. The Covid-19 pandemic has disrupted ecosystem and biodiversity monitoring programs, including marine fisheries surveys. Here the authors combine multiple modelling approaches and data to overcome lost observational effort off the coasts of California in a diversified integrated ecosystem approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarrod A Santora
- Fisheries Ecology Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Santa Cruz, California, 95060, USA. .,Department of Applied Math, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, 95060, US.
| | - Tanya L Rogers
- Fisheries Ecology Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Santa Cruz, California, 95060, USA
| | - Megan A Cimino
- Institute of Marine Sciences, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California, 95060, USA.,Environmental Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Monterey, California, 93940, USA
| | - Keith M Sakuma
- Fisheries Ecology Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Santa Cruz, California, 95060, USA
| | - Keith D Hanson
- Fisheries Ecology Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Santa Cruz, California, 95060, USA
| | - E J Dick
- Fisheries Ecology Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Santa Cruz, California, 95060, USA
| | - Jaime Jahncke
- Point Blue Conservation Science, Petaluma, California, 94954, US
| | - Pete Warzybok
- Point Blue Conservation Science, Petaluma, California, 94954, US
| | - John C Field
- Fisheries Ecology Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Santa Cruz, California, 95060, USA
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9
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Lee HJ, Gonzalez O, Dick EJ, Donati A, Feliers D, Choudhury GG, Ross C, Venkatachalam M, Tardif SD, Kasinath BS. Corrigendum to: Marmoset as a Model to Study Kidney Changes Associated With Aging. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2021; 77:84. [PMID: 34542600 PMCID: PMC8915215 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glab238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hak Joo Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, USA
| | - Olga Gonzalez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew Donati
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, USA
| | - Denis Feliers
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, USA
| | - Goutam Ghosh Choudhury
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, USA,South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, USA
| | | | - Manjeri Venkatachalam
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio, USA
| | - Suzette D Tardif
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, Texas, USA,Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Balakuntalam S Kasinath
- Address correspondence to: Balakuntalam S. Kasinath, MD, Department of Medicine, MC 7882, University of Texas Health, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA. E-mail:
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10
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Sathler-Avelar R, Vitelli-Avelar DM, Mattoso-Barbosa AM, Pascoal-Xavier MA, Elói-Santos SM, da Costa-Rocha IA, Teixeira-Carvalho A, Dick EJ, VandeBerg JF, VandeBerg JL, Martins-Filho OA. Phenotypic and Functional Signatures of Peripheral Blood and Spleen Compartments of Cynomolgus Macaques Infected With T. cruzi: Associations With Cardiac Histopathological Characteristics. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:701930. [PMID: 34336723 PMCID: PMC8317693 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.701930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We performed a detailed analysis of immunophenotypic features of circulating leukocytes and spleen cells from cynomolgus macaques that had been naturally infected with Trypanosoma cruzi, identifying their unique and shared characteristics in relation to cardiac histopathological lesion status. T. cruzi-infected macaques were categorized into three groups: asymptomatic [CCC(-)], with mild chronic chagasic cardiopathy [CCC(+)], or with moderate chronic chagasic cardiopathy [CCC(++)]. Our findings demonstrated significant differences in innate and adaptive immunity cells of the peripheral blood and spleen compartments, by comparison with non-infected controls. CCC(+) and CCC(++) hosts exhibited decreased frequencies of monocytes, NK and NKT-cell subsets in both compartments, and increased frequencies of activated CD8+ T-cells and GranA+/GranB+ cells. While a balanced cytokine profile (TNF/IL-10) was observed in peripheral blood of CCC(-) macaques, a predominant pro-inflammatory profile (increased levels of TNF and IFN/IL-10) was observed in both CCC(+) and CCC(++) subgroups. Our data demonstrated that cardiac histopathological features of T. cruzi-infected cynomolgus macaques are associated with perturbations of the immune system similarly to those observed in chagasic humans. These results provide further support for the validity of the cynomolgus macaque model for pre-clinical research on Chagas disease, and provide insights pertaining to the underlying immunological mechanisms involved in the progression of cardiac Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Sathler-Avelar
- Instituto René Rachou, FIOCRUZ-Minas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States.,Faculdade de Minas, FAMINAS-BH, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, FCMMG, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Danielle Marquete Vitelli-Avelar
- Instituto René Rachou, FIOCRUZ-Minas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | | | | | - Silvana Maria Elói-Santos
- Instituto René Rachou, FIOCRUZ-Minas, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Departamento de Propedêutica Complementar, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | | | | | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Jane F VandeBerg
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - John L VandeBerg
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States.,South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute and Department of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville/Harlingen/Edinburg, TX, United States.,Center for Vector-Borne Diseases, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville/Harlingen/Edinburg, TX, United States
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11
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Vincent KL, Frost PA, Motamedi M, Dick EJ, Wei J, Yang J, White R, Gauduin MC. High-Resolution Quantitative Mapping of Macaque Cervicovaginal Epithelial Thickness: Implications for Mucosal Vaccine Delivery. Front Immunol 2021; 12:660524. [PMID: 34262561 PMCID: PMC8273733 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.660524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaginal mucosal surfaces naturally offer some protection against sexually transmitted infections (STIs) including Human Immunodeficiency Virus-1, however topical preventative medications or vaccine designed to boost local immune responses can further enhance this protection. We previously developed a novel mucosal vaccine strategy using viral vectors integrated into mouse dermal epithelium to induce virus-specific humoral and cellular immune responses at the site of exposure. Since vaccine integration occurs at the site of cell replication (basal layer 100-400 micrometers below the surface), temporal epithelial thinning during vaccine application, confirmed with high resolution imaging, is desirable. In this study, strategies for vaginal mucosal thinning were evaluated noninvasively using optical coherence tomography (OCT) to map reproductive tract epithelial thickness (ET) in macaques to optimize basal layer access in preparation for future effective intravaginal mucosal vaccination studies. Twelve adolescent female rhesus macaques (5-7kg) were randomly assigned to interventions to induce vaginal mucosal thinning, including cytobrush mechanical abrasion, the chemical surfactant spermicide nonoxynol-9 (N9), the hormonal contraceptive depomedroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), or no intervention. Macaques were evaluated at baseline and after interventions using colposcopy, vaginal biopsies, and OCT imaging, which allowed for real-time in vivo visualization and measurement of ET of the mid-vagina, fornices, and cervix. P value ≤0.05 was considered significant. Colposcopy findings included pink, rugated tissue with variable degrees of white-tipped, thickened epithelium. Baseline ET of the fornices was thinner than the cervix and vagina (p<0.05), and mensing macaques had thinner ET at all sites (p<0.001). ET was decreased 1 month after DMPA (p<0.05) in all sites, immediately after mechanical abrasion (p<0.05) in the fornix and cervix, and after two doses of 4% N9 (1.25ml) applied over 14 hrs in the fornix only (p<0.001). Histological assessment of biopsied samples confirmed OCT findings. In summary, OCT imaging allowed for real time assessment of macaque vaginal ET. While varying degrees of thinning were observed after the interventions, limitations with each were noted. ET decreased naturally during menses, which may provide an ideal opportunity for accessing the targeted vaginal mucosal basal layers to achieve the optimum epithelial thickness for intravaginal mucosal vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen L. Vincent
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Patrice A. Frost
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Massoud Motamedi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Edward J. Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, United States
- Disease Intervention and Prevention Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Jingna Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Jinping Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Robert White
- Disease Intervention and Prevention Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Marie-Claire Gauduin
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, United States
- Disease Intervention and Prevention Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
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12
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Porritt RA, Chase Huizar C, Dick EJ, Kumar S, Escalona R, Gomez AC, Marek-Iannucci S, Noval Rivas M, Patterson J, Forsthuber TG, Arditi M, Gorelik M. Inhibition of IL-6 in the LCWE Mouse Model of Kawasaki Disease Inhibits Acute Phase Reactant Serum Amyloid A but Fails to Attenuate Vasculitis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:630196. [PMID: 33897686 PMCID: PMC8064710 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.630196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Kawasaki disease (KD) is the most common cause of acquired pediatric heart disease in the developed world. 10% of KD patients are resistant to front-line therapy, and no interventions exist to address secondary complications such as myocardial fibrosis. We sought to identify proteins and pathways associated with disease and anti-IL-1 treatment in a mouse model of KD. Methods Vasculitis was induced via Lactobacillus casei cell wall extract (LCWE) injection in 5-week-old male mice. Groups of mice were injected with LCWE alone, LCWE and IL-1 receptor antagonist anakinra, or saline for controls. Upper heart tissue was assessed by quantitative mass spectrometry analysis. Expression and activation of STAT3 was assessed by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and Western blot, and IL-6 expression by RNA-seq and ELISA. A STAT3 small molecular inhibitor and anti-IL-6R antibody were used to evaluate the role of STAT3 and IL-6 in disease development. Results STAT3 was highly expressed and phosphorylated in cardiac tissue of LCWE-injected mice, and reduced following anakinra treatment. Il6 and Stat3 gene expression was enhanced in abdominal aorta of LCWE-injected mice and reduced with Anakinra treatment. IL-6 serum levels were enhanced in LCWE-injected mice and normalized by anakinra. However, neither inhibition of STAT3 nor blockade of IL-6 altered disease development. Conclusion Proteomic analysis of cardiac tissues demonstrates differential protein expression between KD-like, control and anakinra treated cardiac tissue. STAT3 and IL-6 were highly upregulated with LCWE and normalized by anakinra treatment. However, both STAT3 and IL-6 were dispensable for disease development indicating they may be bystanders of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A Porritt
- Departments of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Biomedical Sciences, Infectious and Immunologic Diseases Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Carol Chase Huizar
- Department of Biology, University of Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Shyamesh Kumar
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Renee Escalona
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Angela C Gomez
- Departments of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Biomedical Sciences, Infectious and Immunologic Diseases Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Stefani Marek-Iannucci
- Departments of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Biomedical Sciences, Infectious and Immunologic Diseases Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Magali Noval Rivas
- Departments of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Biomedical Sciences, Infectious and Immunologic Diseases Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Jean Patterson
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Thomas G Forsthuber
- Department of Biology, University of Texas San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Moshe Arditi
- Departments of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.,Biomedical Sciences, Infectious and Immunologic Diseases Research Center, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Mark Gorelik
- Department of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
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13
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Singh DK, Singh B, Ganatra SR, Gazi M, Cole J, Thippeshappa R, Alfson KJ, Clemmons E, Gonzalez O, Escobedo R, Lee TH, Chatterjee A, Goez-Gazi Y, Sharan R, Gough M, Alvarez C, Blakley A, Ferdin J, Bartley C, Staples H, Parodi L, Callery J, Mannino A, Klaffke B, Escareno P, Platt RN, Hodara V, Scordo J, Gautam S, Vilanova AG, Olmo-Fontanez A, Schami A, Oyejide A, Ajithdoss DK, Copin R, Baum A, Kyratsous C, Alvarez X, Ahmed M, Rosa B, Goodroe A, Dutton J, Hall-Ursone S, Frost PA, Voges AK, Ross CN, Sayers K, Chen C, Hallam C, Khader SA, Mitreva M, Anderson TJC, Martinez-Sobrido L, Patterson JL, Turner J, Torrelles JB, Dick EJ, Brasky K, Schlesinger LS, Giavedoni LD, Carrion R, Kaushal D. Author Correction: Responses to acute infection with SARS-CoV-2 in the lungs of rhesus macaques, baboons and marmosets. Nat Microbiol 2021; 6:413. [PMID: 33462437 PMCID: PMC7812341 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-021-00867-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj Kumar Singh
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Bindu Singh
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shashank R Ganatra
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Michal Gazi
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Journey Cole
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Rajesh Thippeshappa
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth Clemmons
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Olga Gonzalez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ruby Escobedo
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Tae-Hyung Lee
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ayan Chatterjee
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Riti Sharan
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Maya Gough
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Cynthia Alvarez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Alyssa Blakley
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Justin Ferdin
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Carmen Bartley
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Hilary Staples
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Laura Parodi
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jessica Callery
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Amanda Mannino
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Roy N Platt
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Vida Hodara
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Julia Scordo
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shalini Gautam
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Alyssa Schami
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | - Alina Baum
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | - Xavier Alvarez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Mushtaq Ahmed
- Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bruce Rosa
- Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anna Goodroe
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - John Dutton
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shannan Hall-Ursone
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Patrice A Frost
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Andra K Voges
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Veterinary Imaging Consulting of South Texas, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Corinna N Ross
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ken Sayers
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Christopher Chen
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Cory Hallam
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shabaana A Khader
- Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Makedonka Mitreva
- Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | | | | | | | - Joanne Turner
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Kathleen Brasky
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Larry S Schlesinger
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Luis D Giavedoni
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA. .,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Ricardo Carrion
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA. .,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Deepak Kaushal
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA. .,Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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14
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Singh DK, Singh B, Ganatra SR, Gazi M, Cole J, Thippeshappa R, Alfson KJ, Clemmons E, Gonzalez O, Escobedo R, Lee TH, Chatterjee A, Goez-Gazi Y, Sharan R, Gough M, Alvarez C, Blakley A, Ferdin J, Bartley C, Staples H, Parodi L, Callery J, Mannino A, Klaffke B, Escareno P, Platt RN, Hodara V, Scordo J, Gautam S, Vilanova AG, Olmo-Fontanez A, Schami A, Oyejide A, Ajithdoss DK, Copin R, Baum A, Kyratsous C, Alvarez X, Ahmed M, Rosa B, Goodroe A, Dutton J, Hall-Ursone S, Frost PA, Voges AK, Ross CN, Sayers K, Chen C, Hallam C, Khader SA, Mitreva M, Anderson TJC, Martinez-Sobrido L, Patterson JL, Turner J, Torrelles JB, Dick EJ, Brasky K, Schlesinger LS, Giavedoni LD, Carrion R, Kaushal D. Responses to acute infection with SARS-CoV-2 in the lungs of rhesus macaques, baboons and marmosets. Nat Microbiol 2021; 6:73-86. [PMID: 33340034 PMCID: PMC7890948 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-020-00841-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Non-human primate models will expedite therapeutics and vaccines for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) to clinical trials. Here, we compare acute severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in young and old rhesus macaques, baboons and old marmosets. Macaques had clinical signs of viral infection, mild to moderate pneumonitis and extra-pulmonary pathologies, and both age groups recovered in two weeks. Baboons had prolonged viral RNA shedding and substantially more lung inflammation compared with macaques. Inflammation in bronchoalveolar lavage was increased in old versus young baboons. Using techniques including computed tomography imaging, immunophenotyping, and alveolar/peripheral cytokine response and immunohistochemical analyses, we delineated cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection in macaque and baboon lungs, including innate and adaptive immune cells and a prominent type-I interferon response. Macaques developed T-cell memory phenotypes/responses and bystander cytokine production. Old macaques had lower titres of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgG antibody levels compared with young macaques. Acute respiratory distress in macaques and baboons recapitulates the progression of COVID-19 in humans, making them suitable as models to test vaccines and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj Kumar Singh
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Bindu Singh
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shashank R Ganatra
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Michal Gazi
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Journey Cole
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Rajesh Thippeshappa
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Elizabeth Clemmons
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Olga Gonzalez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ruby Escobedo
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Tae-Hyung Lee
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ayan Chatterjee
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Riti Sharan
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Maya Gough
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Cynthia Alvarez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Alyssa Blakley
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Justin Ferdin
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Carmen Bartley
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Hilary Staples
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Laura Parodi
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jessica Callery
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Amanda Mannino
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Roy N Platt
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Vida Hodara
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Julia Scordo
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shalini Gautam
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Alyssa Schami
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | - Alina Baum
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY, USA
| | | | - Xavier Alvarez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Mushtaq Ahmed
- Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Bruce Rosa
- Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Anna Goodroe
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - John Dutton
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shannan Hall-Ursone
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Patrice A Frost
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Andra K Voges
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Veterinary Imaging Consulting of South Texas, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Corinna N Ross
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ken Sayers
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Christopher Chen
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Cory Hallam
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shabaana A Khader
- Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | - Makedonka Mitreva
- Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis, St Louis, MO, USA
| | | | | | | | - Joanne Turner
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Kathleen Brasky
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Larry S Schlesinger
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Luis D Giavedoni
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Ricardo Carrion
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Deepak Kaushal
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA.
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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15
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Oladunni FS, Park JG, Pino PA, Gonzalez O, Akhter A, Allué-Guardia A, Olmo-Fontánez A, Gautam S, Garcia-Vilanova A, Ye C, Chiem K, Headley C, Dwivedi V, Parodi LM, Alfson KJ, Staples HM, Schami A, Garcia JI, Whigham A, Platt RN, Gazi M, Martinez J, Chuba C, Earley S, Rodriguez OH, Mdaki SD, Kavelish KN, Escalona R, Hallam CRA, Christie C, Patterson JL, Anderson TJC, Carrion R, Dick EJ, Hall-Ursone S, Schlesinger LS, Alvarez X, Kaushal D, Giavedoni LD, Turner J, Martinez-Sobrido L, Torrelles JB. Lethality of SARS-CoV-2 infection in K18 human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 transgenic mice. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6122. [PMID: 33257679 PMCID: PMC7705712 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19891-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccine and antiviral development against SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 disease would benefit from validated small animal models. Here, we show that transgenic mice expressing human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) by the human cytokeratin 18 promoter (K18 hACE2) represent a susceptible rodent model. K18 hACE2 transgenic mice succumbed to SARS-CoV-2 infection by day 6, with virus detected in lung airway epithelium and brain. K18 ACE2 transgenic mice produced a modest TH1/2/17 cytokine storm in the lung and spleen that peaked by day 2, and an extended chemokine storm that was detected in both lungs and brain. This chemokine storm was also detected in the brain at day 6. K18 hACE2 transgenic mice are, therefore, highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and represent a suitable animal model for the study of viral pathogenesis, and for identification and characterization of vaccines (prophylactic) and antivirals (therapeutics) for SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated severe COVID-19 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatai S Oladunni
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Jun-Gyu Park
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Paula A Pino
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Olga Gonzalez
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Anwari Akhter
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | | | - Angélica Olmo-Fontánez
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Shalini Gautam
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | | | - Chengjin Ye
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Kevin Chiem
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Colwyn Headley
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Varun Dwivedi
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Laura M Parodi
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Kendra J Alfson
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Hilary M Staples
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Alyssa Schami
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Juan I Garcia
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Alison Whigham
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Roy Neal Platt
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Michal Gazi
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Jesse Martinez
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Colin Chuba
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Stephanie Earley
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | | | | | | | - Renee Escalona
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Cory R A Hallam
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Corbett Christie
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Jean L Patterson
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Tim J C Anderson
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Ricardo Carrion
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Edward J Dick
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | | | | | - Xavier Alvarez
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Deepak Kaushal
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Luis D Giavedoni
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Joanne Turner
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA.
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16
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Davis KL, Gonzalez O, Kumar S, Dick EJ. Pathology Associated With Streptococcus spp. Infection in Baboons ( Papio spp.). Vet Pathol 2020; 57:714-722. [PMID: 32744146 DOI: 10.1177/0300985820941496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus spp. are a source of morbidity and mortality in captive nonhuman primate populations. However, little is known about the lesions associated with naturally occurring streptococcal infections in baboons (Papio spp.). The pathology database of the Southwest National Primate Research Center was searched for all baboon autopsies from 1988 to 2018 in which Streptococcus spp. were cultured. Baboons on experimental protocol were excluded. The gross autopsy and histopathology reports were reviewed. Archived specimens were retrieved and reviewed as needed for confirmation or clarification. Fifty-six cultures were positive for Streptococcus spp. in 54 baboons with evidence of bacterial infection. Associated gross lesions included purulent exudate, fibrinous to fibrous adhesions, hemorrhage, mucosal thickening, organomegaly, and abscessation. Histologic lesions included suppurative inflammation, abscessation, necrosis, hemorrhage, fibrin accumulation, and thrombosis. Lungs and pleura (n = 31) were the most commonly infected organ followed by the central nervous system (n = 16), spleen (n = 15), soft tissues (n = 12), air sacs, liver, peritoneum, adrenal glands, heart, lymph nodes, uterus, kidneys, biliary system, bones, ears, umbilical structures, mammary glands, pancreas, placenta, and salivary glands. Infections by non-β-hemolytic Streptococcus spp. predominated in the lungs and air sacs; the most common isolate was Streptococcus pneumoniae. Infections by β-hemolytic Streptococcus spp. predominated in the soft tissues and reproductive tract. Naturally occurring β-hemolytic and non-β-hemolytic Streptococcus spp. infections cause morbidity and mortality in captive baboon populations. The lesions associated with streptococcal infection are similar to those reported in human infection. Thus, the baboon may represent an underutilized model for studying Streptococcus spp. as pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katelin L Davis
- 311308Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.,National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Olga Gonzalez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shyamesh Kumar
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, TX, USA
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17
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Clemmons EA, Gonzalez O, Thornton J, Kumar S, Dick EJ. Myeloproliferative Disorder with Intraoral Lesions in an Olive Baboon (Papio anubis). J Med Primatol 2020; 49:337-340. [PMID: 33176000 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous myeloid leukemia is rarely reported in non-human primates. We report a case of myeloproliferative disorder suggestive of acute myeloid leukemia with intraoral lesions in an olive baboon (Papio anubis). Clinical pathology, radiology, gross examination (pre-mortem and post-mortem), histopathology, and immunohistochemistry findings are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Clemmons
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Olga Gonzalez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Shyamesh Kumar
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
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18
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Patrick T, Gonzalez O, Dick EJ, Kumar S. Perosomus elumbis in a stillborn rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta): A case report. J Med Primatol 2020; 49:110-112. [PMID: 31912505 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Perosomus Elumbis (PE) is a rare congenital disorder characterized by absence of caudal spine (lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal vertebrae). Here, we present the first reported case of PE in a rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) and relate our findings to those described in other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Patrick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center at the Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Olga Gonzalez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center at the Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center at the Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shyamesh Kumar
- Southwest National Primate Research Center at the Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
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19
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Lee HJ, Gonzalez O, Dick EJ, Donati A, Feliers D, Choudhury GG, Ross C, Venkatachalam M, Tardif SD, Kasinath BS. Marmoset as a Model to Study Kidney Changes Associated With Aging. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2019; 74:315-324. [PMID: 30321310 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We evaluated whether the marmoset, a nonhuman primate, can serve as a good model to study aging-related changes in the kidney by employing healthy young and aged marmosets of both sexes. Aging was associated with glomerulosclerosis, interstitial fibrosis, and arteriolosclerosis in both sexes; correspondingly, the content of matrix proteins was increased. Functionally, aging resulted in an increase in urinary albumin and protein excretion. There was a robust correlation between markers of fibrosis and functional changes. We explored signaling pathways as potential mechanistic events. Aging in males, but not in females, was associated with reduced renal cortical activity of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and a trend toward activation of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1); upstream of AMPK and mTORC1, Akt and IGF-1 receptor were activated. In both sexes, aging promoted kidney activation of transforming growth factor β-1 signaling pathway. While the expression of cystathionine β-synthase (CBS), an enzyme involved hydrogen sulfide (H2S) synthesis, was reduced in both aged males and females, decreased H2S generation was seen in only males. Our studies show that the marmoset is a valid model to study kidney aging; some of the signaling pathways involved in renal senescence differ between male and female marmosets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hak Joo Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio
| | - Olga Gonzalez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Andrew Donati
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio
| | - Denis Feliers
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio
| | - Goutam Ghosh Choudhury
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio.,Geriatric Research Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio
| | - Corinna Ross
- Department of Biology, Texas A & M University, San Antonio
| | - Manjeri Venkatachalam
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio
| | - Suzette D Tardif
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, San Antonio, Texas.,Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Balakuntalam S Kasinath
- Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health, Long School of Medicine, San Antonio.,Geriatric Research Education, and Clinical Center (GRECC), South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio.,Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, San Antonio, Texas
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20
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Karere GM, Dick EJ, Galindo S, Martinez JC, Martinez JE, Owston M, VandeBerg JL, Cox LA. Histological variation of early stage atherosclerotic lesions in baboons after prolonged challenge with high-cholesterol, high-fat diet. J Med Primatol 2019; 49:3-9. [PMID: 31709573 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The baboon is a well-characterized model of human early stage atherosclerosis. However, histological and morphological changes involved in atherogenesis in baboons are not known. Previously, we challenged baboons with a high-cholesterol, high-fat diet for two years and observed fatty streak and plaque lesions in iliac arteries (RCIA). METHODS We evaluated histological and morphological changes of baboon arterial lesions and control arteries. In addition, we evaluated the vascular expression of CD68 and SMαA markers with progression of atherosclerosis. RESULTS We observed changes that correlated with extent of atherosclerosis, including increased maximum intimal thickness. We demonstrated at molecular level the infiltration of smooth muscle cells and macrophages into the intimal layer. Further, we observed histological and morphological discordancy between the affected and adjacent areas of the same RCIA. CONCLUSION Atherogenesis in baboons is accompanied by histological, morphological, and molecular changes, as in humans, providing insights to evaluate the mechanisms underlying early stage atherosclerosis in target tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genesio M Karere
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Samuel Galindo
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jesse C Martinez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jacob E Martinez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Michael Owston
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - John L VandeBerg
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownville, TX, USA
| | - Laura A Cox
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.,Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
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21
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Fiorentino TV, Casiraghi F, Davalli AM, Finzi G, La Rosa S, Higgins PB, Abrahamian GA, Marando A, Sessa F, Perego C, Guardado-Mendoza R, Kamath S, Ricotti A, Fiorina P, Daniele G, Paez AM, Andreozzi F, Bastarrachea RA, Comuzzie AG, Gastaldelli A, Chavez AO, Di Cairano ES, Frost P, Luzi L, Dick EJ, Halff GA, DeFronzo RA, Folli F. Exenatide regulates pancreatic islet integrity and insulin sensitivity in the nonhuman primate baboon Papio hamadryas. JCI Insight 2019; 4:93091. [PMID: 31536476 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.93091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist exenatide improves glycemic control by several and not completely understood mechanisms. Herein, we examined the effects of chronic intravenous exenatide infusion on insulin sensitivity, β cell and α cell function and relative volumes, and islet cell apoptosis and replication in nondiabetic nonhuman primates (baboons). At baseline, baboons received a 2-step hyperglycemic clamp followed by an l-arginine bolus (HC/A). After HC/A, baboons underwent a partial pancreatectomy (tail removal) and received a continuous exenatide (n = 12) or saline (n = 12) infusion for 13 weeks. At the end of treatment, HC/A was repeated, and the remnant pancreas (head-body) was harvested. Insulin sensitivity increased dramatically after exenatide treatment and was accompanied by a decrease in insulin and C-peptide secretion, while the insulin secretion/insulin resistance (disposition) index increased by about 2-fold. β, α, and δ cell relative volumes in exenatide-treated baboons were significantly increased compared with saline-treated controls, primarily as the result of increased islet cell replication. Features of cellular stress and secretory dysfunction were present in islets of saline-treated baboons and absent in islets of exenatide-treated baboons. In conclusion, chronic administration of exenatide exerts proliferative and cytoprotective effects on β, α, and δ cells and produces a robust increase in insulin sensitivity in nonhuman primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Vanessa Fiorentino
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.,Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Francesca Casiraghi
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.,Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto M Davalli
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.,Department of Medicine, Endocrinology Unit, Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Finzi
- Unit of Pathology, Ospedale di Circolo and Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Stefano La Rosa
- Service of Clinical Pathology, Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Paul B Higgins
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Gregory A Abrahamian
- Department of Surgery, Transplant Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Alessandro Marando
- Unit of Pathology, Ospedale di Circolo and Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Fausto Sessa
- Unit of Pathology, Ospedale di Circolo and Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Carla Perego
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Guardado-Mendoza
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Subhash Kamath
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Andrea Ricotti
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Paolo Fiorina
- Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, Division of Health Science, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Giuseppe Daniele
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Ana M Paez
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Francesco Andreozzi
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.,Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Raul A Bastarrachea
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Anthony G Comuzzie
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Amalia Gastaldelli
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.,Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alberto O Chavez
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Eliana S Di Cairano
- Department of Pharmacology and Biomolecular Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Patrice Frost
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Livio Luzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Metabolism Research Centre, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy
| | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Glenn A Halff
- Department of Surgery, Transplant Center, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Ralph A DeFronzo
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Franco Folli
- Division of Diabetes, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.,Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA.,Department of Health Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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22
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Johannigman TA, Gonzalez O, Dutton JW, Kumar S, Dick EJ. Gingival histoplasmosis: An atypical presentation of African histoplasmosis in three baboons (Papio spp). J Med Primatol 2019; 49:47-51. [PMID: 31595520 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Gingival lesions as the sole manifestation of African histoplasmosis (Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii) have never been reported in baboons. Grossly, lesions can be indistinguishable from bacterial ulcerative gingivitis or gingival hyperplasia. Clinical outcomes of primary gingival histoplasmosis in baboons are unknown and may complicate colony management decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor A Johannigman
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas.,The Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Olga Gonzalez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas
| | - John W Dutton
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Shyamesh Kumar
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas
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23
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Carias E, DeLorenzo M, Owston M, Gonzalez O, Kumar S, Dick EJ. Cutaneous epitheliotropic lymphoma in a baboon (Papio spp.): A case report and a brief literature review. J Med Primatol 2019; 48:192-196. [PMID: 30941777 PMCID: PMC6716516 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cutaneous epitheliotropic lymphoma (CEL) has not been reported in non-human primates. We report the first case of CEL in a 9-year-old baboon. The phenotype of the neoplastic cells in this baboon is similar to CEL in humans (CD3+, CD4+, CD8-) and different from dogs (CD3+, CD4-, CD8+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Elvira Carias
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78245
- Microbiology and Immunology Program, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX
| | - Megan DeLorenzo
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78245
- College of Agriculture, Forestry, and Life Sciences, Clemson University, SC
| | | | - Olga Gonzalez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78245
| | - Shyamesh Kumar
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78245
| | - Edward J. Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78245
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DeLorenzo M, Carias E, Mustonen A, Gonzalez O, Dick EJ, Kumar S. In situ hybridization assay for the diagnosis of chagas myocarditis and orchitis in a rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta): A case report. J Med Primatol 2019; 48:182-185. [PMID: 30912150 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We present the first documented case of Trypanosoma cruzi-induced orchitis in a rhesus macaque. Additionally, we describe an in situ hybridization-based assay to confirm T. cruzi infection in formalin-fixed tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan DeLorenzo
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas.,College of Agriculture Forestry and Life Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina
| | - Elvira Carias
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas.,Microbiology and Immunology Program, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Allison Mustonen
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Olga Gonzalez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Shyamesh Kumar
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas
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Hensel M, Hoffmann AR, Gonzales M, Owston MA, Dick EJ. Phylogenetic analysis of Histoplasma capsulatum var duboisii in baboons from archived formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded tissues. Med Mycol 2019; 57:256-259. [PMID: 29471422 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myy003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Histoplasma capsulatum var. duboisii (Hcd) infections have been well documented to cause chronic granulomatous disease, mainly involving the skin of baboons and humans in African countries primarily. This retrospective study classified the subspecies of Histoplasma and developed a phylogenetic tree utilizing DNA sequences extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissues from 9 baboons from a research colony in Texas histologically diagnosed with Hcd. Based on sequence analysis of ITS-2, Tub-1, and ARF, Hcd isolated from the archived samples closely aligns with the African clade and has 88% sequence homology with a sample isolated from an individual in Senegal.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hensel
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - A Rodrigues Hoffmann
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
| | - M Gonzales
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - M A Owston
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - E J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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26
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Higgins PB, Folli F, Andrade MCR, Foster J, Mattern V, Paroni R, Schlabritz-Loutsevitch N, Voruganti VS, Kumar S, Guardado-Mendoza R, Bulfamante G, Fiorina P, Pontiroli AE, Hubbard GB, Owston M, Dick EJ, Comuzzie AG. Duodenal adipose tissue is associated with obesity in baboons (Papio sp): a novel site of ectopic fat deposition in non-human primates. Acta Diabetol 2019; 56:227-236. [PMID: 30673859 PMCID: PMC6691506 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-019-01286-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Ectopic fat is a recognized contributor to insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction, while the role of fat deposition inside intestinal wall tissue remains understudied. We undertook this study to directly quantify and localize intramural fat deposition in duodenal tissue and determine its association with adiposity. METHODS Duodenal tissues were collected from aged (21.2 ± 1.3 years, 19.5 ± 3.1 kg, n = 39) female baboons (Papio sp.). Fasted blood was collected for metabolic profiling and abdominal circumference (AC) measurements were taken. Primary tissue samples were collected at the major duodenal papilla at necropsy: one full cross section was processed for hematoxylin and eosin staining and evaluated; a second full cross section was processed for direct chemical lipid analysis on which percentage duodenal fat content was calculated. RESULTS Duodenal fat content obtained by direct tissue quantification showed considerable variability (11.95 ± 6.93%) and was correlated with AC (r = 0.60, p < 0.001), weight (r = 0.38, p = 0.02), leptin (r = 0.63, p < 0.001), adiponectin (r = - 0.32, p < 0.05), and triglyceride (r = 0.41, p = 0.01). The relationship between duodenal fat content and leptin remained after adjusting for body weight and abdominal circumference. Intramural adipocytes were found in duodenal sections from all animals and were localized to the submucosa. Consistent with the variation in tissue fat content, the submucosal adipocytes were non-uniformly distributed in clusters of varying size. Duodenal adipocytes were larger in obese vs. lean animals (106.9 vs. 66.7 µm2, p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Fat accumulation inside the duodenal wall is strongly associated with adiposity and adiposity related circulating biomarkers in baboons. Duodenal tissue fat represents a novel and potentially metabolically active site of ectopic fat deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul B Higgins
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, PO Box 760549, San Antonio, TX, 78245-0549, USA.
| | - Franco Folli
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Health Science, University of Milan, Via A. di Rudini, 8, 20142, Milan, Italy.
- UOSD of Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy.
| | - Marcia C R Andrade
- Center for Laboratory Animal Breeding, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jaydee Foster
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, PO Box 760549, San Antonio, TX, 78245-0549, USA
| | - Vicki Mattern
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, PO Box 760549, San Antonio, TX, 78245-0549, USA
| | - Rita Paroni
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry and Mass Spectrometry, Department of Health Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Natalia Schlabritz-Loutsevitch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at the Permian Basin, Odessa, TX, USA
| | - V Saroja Voruganti
- Nutrition Research Institute, Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Shyamesh Kumar
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Gaetano Bulfamante
- Pathological Anatomy, Department of Health Science, University of Milano, Via A. di Rudini' 8, 20142, Milan, Italy
- ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Fiorina
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, "L. Sacco", University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Gene B Hubbard
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Michael Owston
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Puppala S, Li C, Glenn JP, Saxena R, Gawrieh S, Quinn A, Palarczyk J, Dick EJ, Nathanielsz PW, Cox LA. Primate fetal hepatic responses to maternal obesity: epigenetic signalling pathways and lipid accumulation. J Physiol 2018; 596:5823-5837. [PMID: 29516496 PMCID: PMC6265567 DOI: 10.1113/jp275422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
KEY POINTS Maternal obesity (MO) and exposure to a high-fat, high-simple-carbohydrate diet during pregnancy predisposes offspring to obesity, metabolic and cardiovascular disorders in later life. Underlying molecular pathways and potential epigenetic factors that are dysregulated in MO were identified using unbiased transcriptomic methods. There was increased lipid accumulation and severe steatosis in the MO baboon fetal liver suggesting that these offspring are on an early trajectory of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. ABSTRACT Maternal obesity (MO) increases offspring cardiometabolic disease risk. Altered fetal liver development in response to the challenge of MO has metabolic consequences underlying adverse offspring life-course health outcomes. Little is known about the molecular pathways and potential epigenetic changes regulating primate fetal liver responses to MO. We hypothesized that MO would induce fetal baboon liver epigenetic changes resulting in dysregulation of key metabolic pathways that impact lipid metabolism. MO was induced prior to pregnancy by a high-fat, high-fructose diet. Unbiased gene and microRNA (small RNA Seq) abundance analyses were performed on fetal baboon livers at 0.9 gestation and subjected to pathway analyses to identify fetal liver molecular responses to MO. Fetal baboon liver lipid and glycogen content were quantified by the Computer Assisted Stereology Toolbox. In response to MO, fetal livers revealed dysregulation of TCA cycle, proteasome, oxidative phosphorylation, glycolysis and Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathways together with marked lipid accumulation supporting our hypothesis that multiple pathway dysregulation detrimentally impacts lipid management. This is the first study of MO programming of the non-human primate fetal liver using unbiased transcriptome analysis to detect changes in hepatic gene expression levels and identify potential microRNA epigenetic regulators of metabolic disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sobha Puppala
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest BaptistMedical CenterWinston‐SalemNCUSA
| | - Cun Li
- Department of Animal ScienceUniversity of WyomingLaramieWYUSA
| | - Jeremy P. Glenn
- Department of GeneticsTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTXUSA
| | - Romil Saxena
- Department of Pathology, Indiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA
| | - Samer Gawrieh
- Division of Gastroenterology and HepatologyIndiana University School of MedicineIndianapolisINUSA
| | - Amy Quinn
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of NeonatologyUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterSan AntonioTXUSA
| | - Jennifer Palarczyk
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of NeonatologyUniversity of Texas Health Science CenterSan AntonioTXUSA
| | - Edward J. Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research CenterTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTXUSA
| | - Peter W. Nathanielsz
- Department of Animal ScienceUniversity of WyomingLaramieWYUSA
- Department of GeneticsTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTXUSA
| | - Laura A. Cox
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest BaptistMedical CenterWinston‐SalemNCUSA
- Southwest National Primate Research CenterTexas Biomedical Research InstituteSan AntonioTXUSA
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Confer A, Owston MA, Kumar S, Dick EJ. Multiple endocrine neoplasia-like syndrome in 24 baboons (Papio spp.). J Med Primatol 2018; 47:434-439. [PMID: 30256416 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) has not been reported in baboons, but this condition is well described in humans. An internal database was searched for all cases of concurrent endocrine hyperplasia and neoplasia in baboons. Twenty-four baboons (Papio spp.) with concurrent endocrine hyperplasia and neoplasia were identified. Twenty-one baboons had lesions in two endocrine organs, two baboons had lesions in three organs, and one baboon had lesions in four organs. Ten baboons aligned with the MEN1 classification; 14 baboons did not match any current human MEN classification. We report 24 cases of MEN-like syndrome in baboons. MEN1-like lesions accounted for nearly half (41%) of the affected animals. Genetic analysis of baboons with MEN-like syndrome could further elucidate the mechanisms of MEN and support the use of baboons as animal models for human MEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Confer
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas.,USDA Food Safety and Inspection Service, Albany, California
| | - Michael A Owston
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas.,Charles River Laboratories, Ashland, Ohio
| | - Shyamesh Kumar
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas
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Folli F, La Rosa S, Finzi G, Davalli AM, Galli A, Dick EJ, Perego C, Mendoza RG. Pancreatic islet of Langerhans' cytoarchitecture and ultrastructure in normal glucose tolerance and in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diabetes Obes Metab 2018; 20 Suppl 2:137-144. [PMID: 30230173 DOI: 10.1111/dom.13380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 05/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
While a number of structural and cellular abnormalities occur in the islet of Langerhans in diabetes, and in particular in type 2 diabetes, the focus has been mostly on the insulin producing β-cells and only more recently on glucagon producing α- and δ-cells. There is ample evidence that in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), in addition to a progressive decline in β-cell function and associated insulin resistance in a number of insulin-sensitive tissues, alterations in glucagon secretion are also present and may play an important role in the pathogenesis of hyperglycemia both in the fasting and in the postprandial state. Recently, a number of studies have showed that there are also functional and structural alterations in glucagon-producing α-cells and somatostatin-producing δ-cells. Thus, it is becoming increasingly clear that multiple cellular alterations of multiple cell types occur, which adds even more complexity to our understanding of the pathophysiology of this common and severe disease. We believe that persistent efforts to increase the understanding of the pathophysiology of hormone secretion in the islets of Langerhans will also improve our capability to better prevent and treat diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franco Folli
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Health Science, University of Milano, Milan, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano La Rosa
- Institute of Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Giovanna Finzi
- Anatomical Pathology, Ospedale di Circolo Varese, Varese, Italy
| | - Alberto M Davalli
- Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Metabolism, H.S Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Galli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Carla Perego
- Anatomical Pathology, Ospedale di Circolo Varese, Varese, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Guardado Mendoza
- Division of Health Sciences, Department of Medicine and Nutrition, University of Guanajuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
- Departamento de Investigación, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad del Bajío, Guanajuato, Mexico
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30
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Koistinen K, Mullaney L, Bell T, Zaki S, Nalca A, Frick O, Livingston V, Robinson CG, Estep JS, Batey KL, Dick EJ, Owston MA. Coccidioidomycosis in Nonhuman Primates: Pathologic and Clinical Findings. Vet Pathol 2018; 55:905-915. [PMID: 30071801 DOI: 10.1177/0300985818787306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Coccidioidomycosis in nonhuman primates has been sporadically reported in the literature. This study describes 22 cases of coccidioidomycosis in nonhuman primates within an endemic region, and 79 cases of coccidioidomycosis from the veterinary literature are also reviewed. The 22 cases included baboons ( n = 10), macaques ( n = 9), and chimpanzees ( n = 3). The majority died or were euthanized following episodes of dyspnea, lethargy, or neurologic and locomotion abnormalities. The lungs were most frequently involved followed by the vertebral column and abdominal organs. Microscopic examination revealed granulomatous inflammation accompanied by fungal spherules variably undergoing endosporulation. Baboons represented a large number of cases presented here and had a unique presentation with lesions in bone or thoracic organs, but none had both intrathoracic and extrathoracic lesions. Although noted in 3 cases in the literature, cutaneous infections were not observed among the 22 contemporaneous cases. Similarly, subclinical infections were only rarely observed (2 cases). This case series and review of the literature illustrates that coccidioidomycosis in nonhuman primates reflects human disease with a varied spectrum of presentations from localized lesions to disseminated disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith Koistinen
- 1 United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Lisa Mullaney
- 2 Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Todd Bell
- 1 United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Sherif Zaki
- 3 Infectious Disease Pathology Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Aysegul Nalca
- 1 United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Ondraya Frick
- 1 United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Virginia Livingston
- 1 United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Camenzind G Robinson
- 1 United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - J Scot Estep
- 4 Texas Veterinary Pathology Associates LLC, Spring Branch, TX, USA
| | - K Lance Batey
- 4 Texas Veterinary Pathology Associates LLC, Spring Branch, TX, USA
| | - Edward J Dick
- 2 Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Michael A Owston
- 2 Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
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31
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Li X, Rensing C, Taylor WL, Costelle C, Brejnrod AD, Ferry RJ, Higgins PB, Folli F, Kottapalli KR, Hubbard GB, Dick EJ, Yooseph S, Nelson KE, Schlabritz-Loutsevitch N. Papio spp. Colon microbiome and its link to obesity in pregnancy. J Med Primatol 2018; 47:393-401. [PMID: 30039863 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gut microbial communities are critical players in the pathogenesis of obesity. Pregnancy is associated with increased bacterial load and changes in gut bacterial diversity. Sparse data exist regarding composition of gut microbial communities in obesity combined with pregnancy. MATERIAL AND METHODS Banked tissues were collected under sterile conditions during necropsy, from three non-obese (nOb) and four obese (Ob) near-term pregnant baboons. Sequences were assigned taxonomy using the Ribosomal Database Project classifier. Microbiome abundance and its difference between distinct groups were assessed by a nonparametric test. RESULTS Three families predominated in both the nOb and Ob colonic microbiome: Prevotellaceae (25.98% and 32.71% respectively), Ruminococcaceae (12.96% and 7.48%), and Lachnospiraceae (8.78% and 11.74%). Seven families of the colon microbiome displayed differences between Ob and nOb groups. CONCLUSION Changes in gut microbiome in pregnant obese animals open the venue for dietary manipulation in pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- XuanJi Li
- Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken, Denmark
| | - Christopher Rensing
- Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, China.,J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - William L Taylor
- Molecular Resource Center, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | - Caitlin Costelle
- Molecular Resource Center, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | - Robert J Ferry
- Psychology Department, University of Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee
| | | | - Franco Folli
- Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Health Science, University of Milano and ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Gene B Hubbard
- University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Edward J Dick
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas
| | - Shibu Yooseph
- J. Craig Venter Institute, La Jolla, California.,Department of Computer Science, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida
| | | | - Natalia Schlabritz-Loutsevitch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at the Permian Basin, Odessa, Texas
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Mustonen A, Gonzalez O, Mendoza E, Kumar S, Dick EJ. Uremic encephalopathy in a rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta): A case report and a brief review of the veterinary literature. J Med Primatol 2018; 47:10.1111/jmp.12348. [PMID: 29693270 PMCID: PMC6202283 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Uremic encephalopathy is uncommon yet is one of the most severe complications of renal failure. We present a case of acute renal failure and associated cerebral and vascular lesions consistent with uremic encephalopathy in a rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta). METHODS A 14-year-old, female, specific-pathogen-free rhesus macaque presented in lateral recumbency, obtunded, severely dehydrated, and hypothermic, with severe azotemia, mild hyponatremia, hypokalemia, hypochloremia, increased anion gap, and hypercholesterolemia. Due to poor prognosis, the animal was euthanized and a complete necropsy was conducted. RESULTS The animal had diffuse proximal renal tubular epithelial necrosis and loss; regeneration of tubular epithelium was not observed. There was bilateral necrosis and loss of neurons and glial cells in the hippocampus and deep cerebral cortex with edema and multifocal areas of hemorrhage. CONCLUSION We present the first reported case of uremic encephalopathy in a rhesus macaque and describe the associated cerebral and vascular lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison Mustonen
- Southwest National Primate Research Center at the Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Olga Gonzalez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center at the Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Elda Mendoza
- Southwest National Primate Research Center at the Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shyamesh Kumar
- Southwest National Primate Research Center at the Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Edward J. Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center at the Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Mangosing S, Perminov E, Gonzalez O, Barkei EK, Corbin EM, Kumar S, Dick EJ. Uterine Tumors Resembling Ovarian Sex Cord Tumors in Four Baboons ( Papio spp.). Vet Pathol 2018; 55:753-758. [PMID: 29661120 DOI: 10.1177/0300985818766208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Uterine tumors resembling ovarian sex cord tumors (UTROSCTs) are rare uterine neoplasms that exhibit prominent sex cord-like differentiation. The authors describe 4 cases of UTROSCTs that were identified as incidental lesions in female baboons. All baboons were in good body condition. One animal had a 2-mm-diameter yellow-tan mass in the uterine body along the attachment of the left broad ligament; the other 3 did not have any gross lesions in the uterus. Histologically, the myometrium contained multifocal well-demarcated neoplasms composed of cuboidal to columnar cells arranged in variable arrangements of sheets, nests, cords, trabecular, and retiform patterns that occasionally formed Call-Exner-like bodies. In all cases, the neoplastic cells were diffusely positive for WT-1 and negative for calretinin, CD99, and desmin. One case was positive for inhibin and CD10. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of UTROSCTs in nonhuman primates and in the veterinary literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Mangosing
- 1 Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.,2 College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Ekaterina Perminov
- 1 Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.,2 College of Veterinary Medicine, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA, USA
| | - Olga Gonzalez
- 1 Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Shyamesh Kumar
- 1 Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Edward J Dick
- 1 Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Callaway DA, McGill-Vargas LL, Quinn A, Jordan JL, Winter LA, Anzueto D, Dick EJ, Blanco CL. Prematurity disrupts glomeruli development, whereas prematurity and hyperglycemia lead to altered nephron maturation and increased oxidative stress in newborn baboons. Pediatr Res 2018; 83:702-711. [PMID: 29166383 PMCID: PMC5902650 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2017.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BackgroundPremature birth occurs when nephrogenesis is incomplete and has been linked to increased renal pathologies in the adult. Metabolic factors complicating preterm birth may have additional consequences for kidney development. Here, we evaluated the effects of prematurity and hyperglycemia on nephrogenesis in premature baboons when compared with those in term animals.MethodsBaboons were delivered prematurely (67% gestation; n=9) or at term (n=7) and survived for 2-4 weeks. Preterm animals were classified by glucose control during the first 5 days of life: normoglycemic (PtN; serum glucose 50-100 mg/dl, n=6) and hyperglycemic (PtH; serum glucose 150-250 mg/dl, n=3). Kidneys were assessed histologically for glomeruli relative area, maturity, size, and overall morphology. Kidney lysates were evaluated for oxidative damage with 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) antibody.ResultsHistological examination revealed decreased glomeruli relative area (P<0.05), fewer glomerular generations (P<0.01), and increased renal corpuscle area (P<0.001) in preterm compared with those in term animals. Numbers of apoptotic glomeruli were similar between groups. PtH kidneys exhibited reduced nephrogenic zone width (P<0.0001), increased numbers of mature glomeruli (P<0.05), and increased 4-HNE staining compared with those in PtN kidneys.ConclusionPrematurity interrupts normal kidney development, independent of glomerular cell apoptosis. When prematurity is complicated by hyperglycemia; kidney development shifts toward accelerated maturation and increased oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle A. Callaway
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900
| | - Lisa L. McGill-Vargas
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900,University Health System, Neonatology, San Antonio, Texas, 78229
| | - Amy Quinn
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900,University Health System, Neonatology, San Antonio, Texas, 78229
| | - Jasmine L. Jordan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900
| | - Lauryn A. Winter
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900
| | - Diana Anzueto
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900
| | - Edward J. Dick
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute PO Box 760549 San Antonio, TX 78245-0549
| | - Cynthia L. Blanco
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900,University Health System, Neonatology, San Antonio, Texas, 78229,Corresponding author: Cynthia L. Blanco, University of Texas Health Science Center San Antonio, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, MC-7812, San Antonio, TX, 78229, Phone: 210-567-5225, fax: 210-567-5169,
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Schlabritz-Loutsevitch N, Maher J, Sullivan R, Mari G, Schenone M, Cohen HL, Word RA, Hubbard GB, Dick EJ. Parturition in baboons (PAPIO SPP.). Sci Rep 2018; 8:1174. [PMID: 29352119 PMCID: PMC5775344 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19221-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The Old World non-human primates (NHP) - baboons (Papio spp.) share similarities with humans regarding fetal and placental development and some pregnancy-related complications. Information about the mechanism of birth and complications arising during parturition in these species is relatively sparse. In this manuscript, we add information from a series of pathological and observational cases to highlight insights and selected complications of birth in Papio spp, based on video-recording of the delivery process, X-ray, MRI, and ultrasound evaluations in pregnant baboons. Additionally, we abstracted pathology records obtained from perinatal loss in a large baboon colony during a 17 year period. The presented cases provide important information for the management of pregnancy and delivery in Papio spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Schlabritz-Loutsevitch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at the Permian Basin, Odessa, TX, USA.
| | - J Maher
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at the Permian Basin, Odessa, TX, USA
| | - R Sullivan
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - G Mari
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - M Schenone
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - H L Cohen
- Department of Radiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - R A Word
- University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - G B Hubbard
- University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - E J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Berg MR, Owston MA, Gauduin MC, Assaf BT, Lewis AD, Dick EJ. Cytomegaloviral hypophysitis in a simian immunodeficiency virus-infected rhesus macaque (Macacca mulatta). J Med Primatol 2017; 46:364-367. [PMID: 28671330 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Rhesus macaques experimentally infected with Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV) experience immunosuppression and often opportunistic infection. Among the most common opportunistic infections are rhesus cytomegalovirus (RhCMV), a ubiquitous betaherpesvirus that undergoes continuous low-level replication in immunocompetent monkeys. Upon SIV-mediated immunodeficiency, RhCMV reactivates and results in lesions in numerous organ systems including the nervous and reproductive systems. We report the first case of cytomegaloviral hypophysitis in a SIV-immunocompromised rhesus macaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa R Berg
- Southwest National Primate Research Center at the Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Michael A Owston
- Southwest National Primate Research Center at the Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Marie-Claire Gauduin
- Southwest National Primate Research Center at the Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Basel T Assaf
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Anne D Lewis
- Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center at the Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Mahaney MC, Karere GM, Rainwater DL, Voruganti VS, Dick EJ, Owston MA, Rice KS, Cox LA, Comuzzie AG, VandeBerg JL. Diet-induced early-stage atherosclerosis in baboons: Lipoproteins, atherogenesis, and arterial compliance. J Med Primatol 2017. [PMID: 28620920 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to determine whether dietary manipulation can reliably induce early-stage atherosclerosis and clinically relevant changes in vascular function in an established, well-characterized non-human primate model. METHODS We fed 112 baboons a high-cholesterol, high-fat challenge diet for two years. We assayed circulating biomarkers of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, at 0, 7, and 104 weeks into the challenge; assessed arterial compliance noninvasively at 104 weeks; and measured atherosclerotic lesions in three major arteries at necropsy. RESULTS We observed evidence of atherosclerosis in all but one baboon fed the two-year challenge diet. CVD risk biomarkers, the prevalence, size, and complexity of arterial lesions, plus consequent arterial stiffness, were increased in comparison with dietary control animals. CONCLUSIONS Feeding baboons a high-cholesterol, high-fat diet for two years reliably induces atherosclerosis, with risk factor profiles, arterial lesions, and changes in vascular function also seen in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Mahaney
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA
| | - Genesio M Karere
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - David L Rainwater
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Venkata S Voruganti
- Department of Nutrition and UNC Nutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina, Kannapolis, NC, USA
| | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Michael A Owston
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Karen S Rice
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Laura A Cox
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Anthony G Comuzzie
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - John L VandeBerg
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville, TX, USA
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Kumar S, Laurence H, Owston MA, Sharp RM, Williams P, Lanford RE, Hubbard GB, Dick EJ. Natural pathology of the captive chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes): A 35-year review. J Med Primatol 2017; 46:271-290. [PMID: 28543059 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
We present the spontaneous pathological lesions identified as a result of necropsy or biopsy for 245 chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) over a 35-year period. A review of the pathology database was performed for all diagnoses on chimpanzees from 1980 to 2014. All morphologic diagnoses, associated system, organ, etiology, and demographic information were reviewed and analyzed. Cardiomyopathy was the most frequent lesion observed followed by hemosiderosis, hyperplasia, nematodiasis, edema, and hemorrhage. The most frequently affected systems were the gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, urogenital, respiratory, and lymphatic/hematopoietic systems. The most common etiology was undetermined, followed by degenerative, physiologic, neoplastic, parasitic, and bacterial. Perinatal and infant animals were mostly affected by physiologic etiologies and chimpanzee-induced trauma. Bacterial and physiologic etiologies were more common in juvenile animals. Degenerative and physiologic (and neoplastic in geriatric animals) etiologies predominated in adult, middle aged, and geriatric chimpanzees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyamesh Kumar
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Hannah Laurence
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.,UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Michael A Owston
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - R Mark Sharp
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Priscilla Williams
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Robert E Lanford
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Gene B Hubbard
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Laurence H, Kumar S, Owston MA, Lanford RE, Hubbard GB, Dick EJ. Natural mortality and cause of death analysis of the captive chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes): A 35-year review. J Med Primatol 2017; 46:106-115. [PMID: 28418090 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
We present the spontaneous causes of mortality for 137 chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) over a 35-year period. A record review of the pathology database was performed and a primary cause of mortality was determined for each chimpanzee. The most common causes of mortality were as follows: cardiomyopathy (40% of all mortalities), stillbirth/abortion, acute myocardial necrosis, chimpanzee-induced trauma, amyloidosis, and pneumonia. Five morphologic diagnoses accounted for 61% of mortalities: cardiomyopathy, hemorrhage, acute myocardial necrosis, amyloidosis, and pneumonia. The most common etiologies were degenerative, undetermined, bacterial, traumatic, and neoplastic. The cardiovascular system was most frequently involved, followed by the gastrointestinal, respiratory, and multisystemic diseases. Degenerative diseases were the primary etiological cause of mortality of the adult captive chimpanzee population. Chimpanzee-induced trauma was the major etiological cause of mortality among the perinatal and infant population. This information should be a useful resource for veterinarians and researchers working with chimpanzees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Laurence
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.,UC Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Shyamesh Kumar
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Michael A Owston
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Robert E Lanford
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Gene B Hubbard
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Vitelli-Avelar DM, Sathler-Avelar R, Mattoso-Barbosa AM, Gouin N, Perdigão-de-Oliveira M, Valério-dos-Reis L, Costa RP, Elói-Santos SM, Gomes MDS, do Amaral LR, Teixeira-Carvalho A, Martins-Filho OA, Dick EJ, Hubbard GB, VandeBerg JF, VandeBerg JL. Cynomolgus macaques naturally infected with Trypanosoma cruzi-I exhibit an overall mixed pro-inflammatory/modulated cytokine signature characteristic of human Chagas disease. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2017; 11:e0005233. [PMID: 28225764 PMCID: PMC5321273 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0005233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-human primates have been shown to be useful models for Chagas disease. We previously reported that natural T. cruzi infection of cynomolgus macaques triggers clinical features and immunophenotypic changes of peripheral blood leukocytes resembling those observed in human Chagas disease. In the present study, we further characterize the cytokine-mediated microenvironment to provide supportive evidence of the utility of cynomolgus macaques as a model for drug development for human Chagas disease. Methods and findings In this cross-sectional study design, flow cytometry and systems biology approaches were used to characterize the ex vivo and in vitro T. cruzi-specific functional cytokine signature of circulating leukocytes from TcI-T. cruzi naturally infected cynomolgus macaques (CH). Results showed that CH presented an overall CD4+-derived IFN-γ pattern regulated by IL-10-derived from CD4+ T-cells and B-cells, contrasting with the baseline profile observed in non-infected hosts (NI). Homologous TcI-T. cruzi-antigen recall in vitro induced a broad pro-inflammatory cytokine response in CH, mediated by TNF from innate/adaptive cells, counterbalanced by monocyte/B-cell-derived IL-10. TcIV-antigen triggered a more selective cytokine signature mediated by NK and T-cell-derived IFN-γ with modest regulation by IL-10 from T-cells. While NI presented a cytokine network comprised of small number of neighborhood connections, CH displayed a complex cross-talk amongst network elements. Noteworthy, was the ability of TcI-antigen to drive a complex global pro-inflammatory network mediated by TNF and IFN-γ from NK-cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T-cells, regulated by IL-10+CD8+ T-cells, in contrast to the TcIV-antigens that trigger a modest network, with moderate connecting edges. Conclusions Altogether, our findings demonstrated that CH present a pro-inflammatory/regulatory cytokine signature similar to that observed in human Chagas disease. These data bring additional insights that further validate these non-human primates as experimental models for Chagas disease. Trypanosoma cruzi is the causative agent of Chagas disease; millions of people are infected with this parasite. One of the major challenges to manage infected patients is the low efficacy of currently available treatments, especially during chronic infection. Different T. cruzi genotypes are known to differ in response to existing drugs (e.g., TcI is quite resistant), and differences among individuals in immune response also are believed to play a role determining therapeutic efficacy. Experimental models and in vitro systems have been proposed for rational searches for new compounds for treating infected individuals, optimally before the infection becomes clinically manifested as Chagas disease. In the field of drug development, the non-human primate models offer a unique and valuable contribution, as a consequence of patho-physiological similarities that mimic many human diseases, including Chagas disease. In the present study, we further investigated the functional features of the immune response triggered by TcI T. cruzi-infection, characterizing the ex vivo as well as the in vitro cytokine microenvironment, upon T. cruzi-antigen recall. Our results revealed that chronically infected cynomolgus macaques display a similar ex vivo cytokine signature to that observed in chronic human Chagas disease. Moreover, CH macaques display a complex cross-talk among the cytokine+ leukocyte subsets, enhanced by TcI T. cruzi-antigen recall in vitro. These findings provide additional insights that further validate these non-human primates as experimental models for rational development of new therapeutic agents for Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle Marquete Vitelli-Avelar
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Southwest National Primates Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
| | - Renato Sathler-Avelar
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Southwest National Primates Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
- Centro Universitário Newton Paiva, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Faculdade de Minas–FAMINAS-BH, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | - Armanda Moreira Mattoso-Barbosa
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Centro Universitário Newton Paiva, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Faculdade de Minas–FAMINAS-BH, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Perdigão-de-Oliveira
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Centro Universitário Newton Paiva, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Leydiane Valério-dos-Reis
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Centro Universitário Newton Paiva, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Silvana Maria Elói-Santos
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
- Departamento de Propedêutica Complementar, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Matheus de Souza Gomes
- Laboratório de Bioinformática e Análise Molecular, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Campus Patos de Minas, Patos de Minas, MG, Brazil
| | - Laurence Rodrigues do Amaral
- Laboratório de Bioinformática e Análise Molecular, Faculdade de Ciência da Computação, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Campus Patos de Minas, Patos de Minas, MG, Brazil
| | - Andréa Teixeira-Carvalho
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Olindo Assis Martins-Filho
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Edward J. Dick
- Southwest National Primates Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
| | - Gene B. Hubbard
- Southwest National Primates Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
| | - Jane F. VandeBerg
- Southwest National Primates Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, School of Medicine, the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville/Harlingen/Edinburg, TX, United States of America
| | - John L. VandeBerg
- Southwest National Primates Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States of America
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, School of Medicine, the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Brownsville/Harlingen/Edinburg, TX, United States of America
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Morosco DT, Cline CR, Owston MA, Kumar S, Dick EJ. Spontaneous mediastinal myeloid sarcoma in a common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) and review of the veterinary literature. J Med Primatol 2017; 46:42-47. [PMID: 28145579 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myeloid sarcoma is a rare manifestation of myeloproliferative disorder defined as an extramedullary mass composed of myeloid precursor cells. A 9-month old, female, common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus) had increased respiratory effort. METHODS A complete necropsy with histology and immunohistochemistry was performed. RESULTS The thymus was replaced by a firm, gray-tan mass with a faint green tint, filling over 50% of the thoracic cavity. Sheets of granulocytes, lymphoid cells, nucleated erythrocytes, megakaryocytes, and hematopoietic precursors of indeterminate cell lineage replaced the thymus, perithymic connective tissue, mediastinal adipose tissues, epicardium, and much of the myocardium. The cells demonstrated diffuse strong cytoplasmic immunoreactivity for lysozyme, and strong, multifocal membranous immunoreactivity for CD117. CONCLUSION We report the first case of a myeloid sarcoma in a common marmoset (C. jacchus), similar to reported human cases of mediastinal myeloid sarcoma, and present a review of myeloproliferative diseases from the veterinary literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle T Morosco
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Curtis R Cline
- Veterinary Pathology Services, The Joint Pathology Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Michael A Owston
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shyamesh Kumar
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Rodriguez-Sanchez IP, Guindon J, Ruiz M, Tejero ME, Hubbard G, Martinez-de-Villarreal LE, Barrera-Saldaña HA, Dick EJ, Comuzzie AG, Schlabritz-Loutsevitch NE. The endocannabinoid system in the baboon (Papio spp.) as a complex framework for developmental pharmacology. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2016; 58:23-30. [PMID: 27327781 PMCID: PMC5897907 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2016.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The consumption of marijuana (exogenous cannabinoid) almost doubled in adults during last decade. Consumption of exogenous cannabinoids interferes with the endogenous cannabinoid (or "endocannabinoid" (eCB)) system (ECS), which comprises N-arachidonylethanolamide (anandamide, AEA), 2-arachidonoyl glycerol (2-AG), endocannabinoid receptors (cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2 (CB1R and CB2R), encoded by CNR1 and CNR2, respectively), and synthesizing/degrading enzymes (FAAH, fatty-acid amide hydrolase; MAGL, monoacylglycerol lipase; DAGL-α, diacylglycerol lipase-alpha). Reports regarding the toxic and therapeutic effects of pharmacological compounds targeting the ECS are sometimes contradictory. This may be caused by the fact that structure of the eCBs varies in the species studied. OBJECTIVES First: to clone and characterize the cDNAs of selected members of ECS in a non-human primate (baboon, Papio spp.), and second: to compare those cDNA sequences to known human structural variants (single nucleotide polymorphisms and haplotypes). MATERIALS AND METHODS Polymerase chain reaction-amplified gene products from baboon tissues were transformed into Escherichia coli. Amplicon-positive clones were sequenced, and the obtained sequences were conceptually translated into amino-acid sequences using the genetic code. RESULTS Among the ECS members, CNR1 was the best conserved gene between humans and baboons. The phenotypes associated with mutations in the untranslated regions of this gene in humans have not been described in baboons. One difference in the structure of CNR2 between humans and baboons was detected in the region with the only known clinically relevant polymorphism in a human receptor. All of the differences in the amino-acid structure of DAGL-α between humans and baboons were located in the hydroxylase domain, close to phosphorylation sites. None of the differences in the amino-acid structure of MAGL observed between baboons and humans were located in the area critical for enzyme function. CONCLUSION The evaluation of the data, obtained in non-human primate model of cannabis-related developmental exposure should take into consideration possible evolutionary-determined species-specific differences in the CB1R expression, CB2R transduction pathway, and FAAH and DAGLα substrate-enzyme interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iram P Rodriguez-Sanchez
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Genética, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Josee Guindon
- Department of Pharmacology and Neurobiology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | - Marco Ruiz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center at the Permian Basin, Odessa, TX, USA
| | - M Elizabeth Tejero
- Laboratorio de Nutrigenética y Nutrigenómica, Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genómica (INMEGEN), México, D.F., Mexico
| | - Gene Hubbard
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Hugo A Barrera-Saldaña
- Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular, Monterrey, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Anthony G Comuzzie
- Department of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Neidig LE, Owston MA, Ball E, Dick EJ. Pauci-immune glomerulonephritis in a captive chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), and a review of spontaneous cases in animals. J Med Primatol 2016; 45:336-341. [PMID: 27506330 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crescentic glomeruli are the hallmark finding in rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN) and are characterized by disruption and proliferation of the glomerular capsule and an influx of cells into Bowman's space. Pauci-immune-type RPGN is identified by a lack of immunoglobulins and immune complexes in the glomerular basement membrane. METHODS Complete necropsy and histology were performed on the affected chimpanzee. Electron microscopy was performed on kidney sections. A search of the literature was performed to identify spontaneous RPGN in animals. RESULTS We report a case of crescentic glomerulonephritis of the pauci-immune-type in a hepatitis C virus-infected 28-year-old male chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) who was humanely euthanized for a cardiac-related decline in health. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first report describing pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis in a non-human primate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Neidig
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.,Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Michael A Owston
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Erin Ball
- Veterinary Pathology Services, Joint Pathology Center, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Schlabritz-Loutsevitch NE, Comuzzie AG, Mahaney MM, Hubbard GB, Dick EJ, Kocak M, Gupta S, Carrillo M, Schenone M, Postlethwaite A, Slominski A. Serum Vitamin D Concentrations in Baboons (Papio spp.) during Pregnancy and Obesity. Comp Med 2016; 66:137-42. [PMID: 27053568 PMCID: PMC4825963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/11/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with vitamin D deficiency, which can lead to serious problems during pregnancy. However, the mechanisms of the deficiency and guidelines for vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy are not established yet, and variations in environmental exposures combined with the difficulties of performing research in pregnant women are obstacles in the evaluation of vitamin D metabolism. Baboons (Papio spp.) are an excellent, well-established model for reproductive research and represent a unique opportunity to study vitamin D metabolism in a controlled environment. This study used secondary data and specimen analysis as well as a novel experimental design to evaluate pregnant and nonpregnant baboons that were or were not exposed to sunlight while they were obese and after weight reduction. Daily D3 intake was 71% higher in nonpregnant obese baboons than in their nonobese counterparts, but serum vitamin D concentrations did not differ between these populations. In addition, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations correlated negatively with the obesity index. This report is the first to show the effect of obesity and pregnancy on vitamin D concentrations in a NHP population. These data underline the importance of adequate vitamin D supplementation in obese animals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anthony G Comuzzie
- Departments of Genetics, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | | | - Gene B Hubbard
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Edward J Dick
- Departments of Pathology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Mehmet Kocak
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, USA
| | - Sonali Gupta
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Maira Carrillo
- Texas Tech University HSC School of Medicine at the Permian Basin, Odessa, Texas
| | - Mauro Schenone
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology; University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Arnold Postlethwaite
- Division of Connective Tissue Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
| | - Andrzej Slominski
- Department of Dermatology and Pathology, VA Medical Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Nair HB, Baker R, Owston MA, Escalona R, Dick EJ, VandeBerg JL, Nickisch KJ. An efficient model of human endometriosis by induced unopposed estrogenicity in baboons. Oncotarget 2016; 7:10857-69. [PMID: 26908459 PMCID: PMC4905444 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a chronic estrogen-dependent disease that occurs in approximately 10% of reproductive age women. Baboons offer a clear benefit for studying the initiation and progression of endometriosis since baboon is very close to humans phylogenetically. Progestins are used in the treatment of endometriosis. The therapeutic window of progestins depends on the ratio of its affinity towards progesterone receptor agonism verses antagonism. The present study is to determine the role of pure antiprogestin in baboon endometriosis. We hypothesize that pure antiprogestin will induce unopposed estrogenicity and spontaneous endometriosis in baboons. The rate of endometrial invasion and attachment through modeled peritoneum in the presence and absence of progesterone and antiprogestin was evaluated in this study. A baboon model of endometriosis induced by unopposed estrogenicity using progesterone receptor antagonist (EC304) was used in this study. We observed EC304 has induced unopposed estrogenicity that deregulated proteins involved in attachment, invasion, cell growth, and steroid hormone receptors in this model. Our data suggest that depleting progesterone levels in the endometrium will increase estrogen hyper-responsiveness that leads to increased endometriotic lesion progression in the baboon (Papio anubis) model. This study reports a refined model of human endometriosis in baboons that could potentially be used to develop new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for the benefit of women suffering from endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Baker
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Michael A Owston
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Renee Escalona
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Edward J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - John L VandeBerg
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Owston MA, LaRue MK, Dick EJ, Ambrus A, Porter BF. Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors in twelve baboons (Papio spp.). J Med Primatol 2016; 45:85-91. [PMID: 26899153 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs) are rare in nonhuman primates and in humans. METHODS Twenty-one PNETs from twelve female baboons (Papio spp.) from the Southwest National Primate Research Center were evaluated using histopathology and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Histologically, all tumors were benign and had neuroendocrine packeting. Immunohistochemical staining for synaptophysin and chromogranin was positive in all tumors evaluated (17/17). Insulin was positive in 16 of 21 tumors. Somatostatin was positive in 9 of 20 tumors. Multifocal staining for glucagon and pancreatic polypeptide was evident in a minority of tumors (6/20 and 2/17, respectively). Gastrin and vasoactive intestinal peptide were negative in all tumors evaluated. Nine tumors expressed more than one hormone marker. CONCLUSIONS This is the first detailed pathologic study of pancreatic endocrine tumors in the baboon. The findings suggest that these tumors are generally benign and have similar morphologic and immunohistochemical features as those described in people, including the ability to express multiple hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Owston
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - M K LaRue
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - E J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - A Ambrus
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - B F Porter
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
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Chaffee BK, Beck AP, Owston MA, Kumar S, Baze WB, Magden ER, Dick EJ, Lammey M, Abee CR. Spontaneous Reproductive Tract Lesions in Aged Captive Chimpanzees. Vet Pathol 2016; 53:425-35. [PMID: 26823448 DOI: 10.1177/0300985815620654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) have served as an important model for studies of reproductive diseases and aging-related disorders in humans. However, limited information is available about spontaneously occurring reproductive tract lesions in aging chimpanzees. In this article, the authors present histopathologic descriptions of lesions identified in the reproductive tract, including the mammary gland, of 33 female and 34 male aged chimpanzees from 3 captive populations. The most common findings in female chimpanzees were ovarian atrophy, uterine leiomyoma, adenomyosis, and endometrial atrophy. The most common findings in male chimpanzees were seminiferous tubule degeneration and lymphocytic infiltrates in the prostate gland. Other less common lesions included an ovarian granulosa cell tumor, cystic endometrial hyperplasia, an endometrial polyp, uterine artery hypertrophy and mineralization, atrophic vaginitis, mammary gland inflammation, prostatic epithelial hyperplasia, dilated seminal vesicles, a sperm granuloma, and lymphocytic infiltrates in the epididymis. The findings in this study closely mimic changes described in the reproductive tract of aged humans, with the exception of a lack of malignant changes observed in the mammary gland and prostate gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- B K Chaffee
- Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX, USA
| | - A P Beck
- Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX, USA
| | - M A Owston
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - S Kumar
- National Animal Disease Center, US Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service, Ames, IA, USA
| | - W B Baze
- Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX, USA
| | - E R Magden
- Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX, USA
| | - E J Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - M Lammey
- Alamogordo Primate Facility, Alamogordo, NM, USA
| | - C R Abee
- Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, TX, USA
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Sathler-Avelar R, Vitelli-Avelar DM, Mattoso-Barbosa AM, Perdigão-de-Oliveira M, Costa RP, Elói-Santos SM, Gomes MDS, do Amaral LR, Teixeira-Carvalho A, Martins-Filho OA, Dick EJ, Hubbard GB, VandeBerg JF, VandeBerg JL. Phenotypic Features of Circulating Leukocytes from Non-human Primates Naturally Infected with Trypanosoma cruzi Resemble the Major Immunological Findings Observed in Human Chagas Disease. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2016; 10:e0004302. [PMID: 26808481 PMCID: PMC4726540 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cynomolgus macaques (Macaca fascicularis) represent a feasible model for research on Chagas disease since natural T. cruzi infection in these primates leads to clinical outcomes similar to those observed in humans. However, it is still unknown whether these clinical similarities are accompanied by equivalent immunological characteristics in the two species. We have performed a detailed immunophenotypic analysis of circulating leukocytes together with systems biology approaches from 15 cynomolgus macaques naturally infected with T. cruzi (CH) presenting the chronic phase of Chagas disease to identify biomarkers that might be useful for clinical investigations. METHODS AND FINDINGS Our data established that CH displayed increased expression of CD32+ and CD56+ in monocytes and enhanced frequency of NK Granzyme A+ cells as compared to non-infected controls (NI). Moreover, higher expression of CD54 and HLA-DR by T-cells, especially within the CD8+ subset, was the hallmark of CH. A high level of expression of Granzyme A and Perforin underscored the enhanced cytotoxicity-linked pattern of CD8+ T-lymphocytes from CH. Increased frequency of B-cells with up-regulated expression of Fc-γRII was also observed in CH. Complex and imbricate biomarker networks demonstrated that CH showed a shift towards cross-talk among cells of the adaptive immune system. Systems biology analysis further established monocytes and NK-cell phenotypes and the T-cell activation status, along with the Granzyme A expression by CD8+ T-cells, as the most reliable biomarkers of potential use for clinical applications. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, these findings demonstrated that the similarities in phenotypic features of circulating leukocytes observed in cynomolgus macaques and humans infected with T. cruzi further supports the use of these monkeys in preclinical toxicology and pharmacology studies applied to development and testing of new drugs for Chagas disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renato Sathler-Avelar
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Centro Universitário Newton Paiva, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Pós-graduação em Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina, UFMG, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Danielle Marquete Vitelli-Avelar
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Armanda Moreira Mattoso-Barbosa
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Centro Universitário Newton Paiva, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Perdigão-de-Oliveira
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Centro Universitário Newton Paiva, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Silvana Maria Elói-Santos
- Departamento de Propedêutica Complementar, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Matheus de Souza Gomes
- Laboratório de Bioinformática e Análise Molecular, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Campus Patos de Minas, Patos de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Laurence Rodrigues do Amaral
- Laboratório de Bioinformática e Análise Molecular, Faculdade de Ciência da Computação, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Campus Patos de Minas, Patos de Minas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Andréa Teixeira-Carvalho
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Olindo Assis Martins-Filho
- Grupo Integrado de Pesquisas em Biomarcadores, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz-FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Edward J. Dick
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Gene B. Hubbard
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
| | - Jane F. VandeBerg
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio – Regional Academic Health Center, Edinburg, Texas, United States of America
| | - John L. VandeBerg
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, United States of America
- South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio – Regional Academic Health Center, Edinburg, Texas, United States of America
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Guardado Mendoza R, Perego C, Finzi G, La Rosa S, Capella C, Jimenez-Ceja LM, Velloso LA, Saad MJA, Sessa F, Bertuzzi F, Moretti S, Dick EJ, Davalli AM, Folli F. Delta cell death in the islet of Langerhans and the progression from normal glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes in non-human primates (baboon, Papio hamadryas). Diabetologia 2015; 58:1814-26. [PMID: 26049399 PMCID: PMC5603258 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-015-3625-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
AIMS/HYPOTHESIS The cellular composition of the islet of Langerhans is essential to ensure its physiological function. Morphophysiological islet abnormalities are present in type 2 diabetes but the relationship between fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and islet cell composition, particularly the role of delta cells, is unknown. We explored these questions in pancreases from baboons (Papio hamadryas) with FPG ranging from normal to type 2 diabetic values. METHODS We measured the volumes of alpha, beta and delta cells and amyloid in pancreatic islets of 40 baboons (Group 1 [G1]: FPG < 4.44 mmol/l [n = 10]; G2: FPG = 4.44-5.26 mmol/l [n = 9]; G3: FPG = 5.27-6.94 mmol/l [n = 9]; G4: FPG > 6.94 mmol/l [n = 12]) and correlated islet composition with metabolic and hormonal variables. We also performed confocal microscopy including TUNEL, caspase-3, and anti-caspase cleavage product of cytokeratin 18 (M30) immunostaining, electron microscopy, and immuno-electron microscopy with anti-somatostatin antibodies in baboon pancreases. RESULTS Amyloidosis preceded the decrease in beta cell volume. Alpha cell volume increased ∼ 50% in G3 and G4 (p < 0.05), while delta cell volume decreased in these groups by 31% and 39%, respectively (p < 0.05). In G4, glucagon levels were higher, while insulin and HOMA index of beta cell function were lower than in the other groups. Immunostaining of G4 pancreatic sections with TUNEL, caspase-3 and M30 showed apoptosis of beta and delta cells, which was also confirmed by immuno-electron microscopy with anti-somatostatin antibodies. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION In diabetic baboons, changes in islet composition correlate with amyloid deposition, with increased alpha cell and decreased beta and delta cell volume and number due to apoptosis. These data argue for an important role of delta cells in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Guardado Mendoza
- Department of Medicine, Diabetes Division, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX, 78229-3900, USA
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Alfson KJ, Avena LE, Beadles MW, Staples H, Nunneley JW, Ticer A, Dick EJ, Owston MA, Reed C, Patterson JL, Carrion R, Griffiths A. Particle-to-PFU ratio of Ebola virus influences disease course and survival in cynomolgus macaques. J Virol 2015; 89:6773-81. [PMID: 25903348 PMCID: PMC4468478 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00649-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study addresses the role of Ebola virus (EBOV) specific infectivity in virulence. Filoviruses are highly lethal, enveloped, single-stranded negative-sense RNA viruses that can cause hemorrhagic fever. No approved vaccines or therapies exist for filovirus infections, and infectious virus must be handled in maximum containment. Efficacy testing of countermeasures, in addition to investigations of pathogenicity and immune response, often requires a well-characterized animal model. For EBOV, an obstacle in performing accurate disease modeling is a poor understanding of what constitutes an infectious dose in animal models. One well-recognized consequence of viral passage in cell culture is a change in specific infectivity, often measured as a particle-to-PFU ratio. Here, we report that serial passages of EBOV in cell culture resulted in a decrease in particle-to-PFU ratio. Notably, this correlated with decreased potency in a lethal cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis) model of infection; animals were infected with the same viral dose as determined by plaque assay, but animals that received more virus particles exhibited increased disease. This suggests that some particles are unable to form a plaque in a cell culture assay but are able to result in lethal disease in vivo. These results have a significant impact on how future studies are designed to model EBOV disease and test countermeasures. IMPORTANCE Ebola virus (EBOV) can cause severe hemorrhagic disease with a high case-fatality rate, and there are no approved vaccines or therapies. Specific infectivity can be considered the total number of viral particles per PFU, and its impact on disease is poorly understood. In stocks of most mammalian viruses, there are particles that are unable to complete an infectious cycle or unable to cause cell pathology in cultured cells. We asked if these particles cause disease in nonhuman primates by infecting monkeys with equal infectious doses of genetically identical stocks possessing either high or low specific infectivities. Interestingly, some particles that did not yield plaques in cell culture assays were able to result in lethal disease in vivo. Furthermore, the number of PFU needed to induce lethal disease in animals was very low. Our results have a significant impact on how future studies are designed to model EBOV disease and test countermeasures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra J. Alfson
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Laura E. Avena
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Michael W. Beadles
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Hilary Staples
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Jerritt W. Nunneley
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Anysha Ticer
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Edward J. Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Michael A. Owston
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Christopher Reed
- Division of Virology, U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, Maryland, USA
| | - Jean L. Patterson
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Ricardo Carrion
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Anthony Griffiths
- Department of Virology and Immunology, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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