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Olmo-Fontánez AM, Scordo JM, Schami A, Garcia-Vilanova A, Pino PA, Hicks A, Mishra R, Jose Maselli D, Peters JI, Restrepo BI, Nargan K, Naidoo T, Clemens DL, Steyn AJC, Thacker VV, Turner J, Schlesinger LS, Torrelles JB. Human alveolar lining fluid from the elderly promotes Mycobacterium tuberculosis intracellular growth and translocation into the cytosol of alveolar epithelial cells. Mucosal Immunol 2024; 17:155-168. [PMID: 38185331 PMCID: PMC11034793 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2024.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The elderly population is highly susceptible to developing respiratory diseases, including tuberculosis, a devastating disease caused by the airborne pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) that kills one person every 18 seconds. Once M.tb reaches the alveolar space, it contacts alveolar lining fluid (ALF), which dictates host-cell interactions. We previously determined that age-associated dysfunction of soluble innate components in human ALF leads to accelerated M.tb growth within human alveolar macrophages. Here we determined the impact of human ALF on M.tb infection of alveolar epithelial type cells (ATs), another critical lung cellular determinant of infection. We observed that elderly ALF (E-ALF)-exposed M.tb had significantly increased intracellular growth with rapid replication in ATs compared to adult ALF (A-ALF)-exposed bacteria, as well as a dampened inflammatory response. A potential mechanism underlying this accelerated growth in ATs was our observation of increased bacterial translocation into the cytosol, a compartment that favors bacterial replication. These findings in the context of our previous studies highlight how the oxidative and dysfunctional status of the elderly lung mucosa determines susceptibility to M.tb infection, including dampening immune responses and favoring bacterial replication within alveolar resident cell populations, including ATs, the most abundant resident cell type within the alveoli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélica M Olmo-Fontánez
- Population Health and Host-Pathogen Interactions Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA; Integrated Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas, USA.
| | - Julia M Scordo
- Population Health and Host-Pathogen Interactions Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA; Sam and Ann Barshop Institute for Longevity and Aging Studies, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Alyssa Schami
- Population Health and Host-Pathogen Interactions Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA; Integrated Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Andreu Garcia-Vilanova
- Population Health and Host-Pathogen Interactions Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Paula A Pino
- Population Health and Host-Pathogen Interactions Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Amberlee Hicks
- Population Health and Host-Pathogen Interactions Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Richa Mishra
- Global Health Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Diego Jose Maselli
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Jay I Peters
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Blanca I Restrepo
- Population Health and Host-Pathogen Interactions Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA; University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, Brownsville campus, Brownsville, Texas, USA; South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, USA
| | - Kievershen Nargan
- Africa Health Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Threnesan Naidoo
- Africa Health Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha, South Africa
| | - Daniel L Clemens
- University of California, Los Angeles Health Sciences, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Adrie J C Steyn
- Africa Health Research Institute, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa; Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA; Centers for AIDS Research and Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Vivek V Thacker
- Global Health Institute, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Infectious Diseases, Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Faculty Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joanne Turner
- Population Health and Host-Pathogen Interactions Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Larry S Schlesinger
- Population Health and Host-Pathogen Interactions Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Jordi B Torrelles
- Population Health and Host-Pathogen Interactions Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA; International Center for the Advancement of Research and Education (I●CARE), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, US.
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McLellan JL, Garcia-Vilanova A, Hanson KK. An Optimized P. berghei Liver Stage-HepG2 Infection Model for Simultaneous Quantitative Bioimaging of Host and Parasite Nascent Proteomes. Bio Protoc 2024; 14:e4952. [PMID: 38464937 PMCID: PMC10917691 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.4952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The Plasmodium parasites that cause malaria undergo an obligate, asymptomatic developmental stage in the host liver before initiating the symptomatic blood-stage infection. The parasite liver stage is a key intervention point for antimalarial chemoprophylaxis: successful targeting of liver-stage parasites prevents disease development in individuals and can help to reduce parasite transmission in populations, as the gametocyte forms that transmit infection to mosquitos are exclusively found in the blood stage. Antimalarial drugs that can target multiple parasite stages are thus highly desirable, and one emerging cellular target for such multistage active compounds is the process of protein synthesis or translation. Quantitative study of liver stage translation, and thus mechanistic evaluation of translation inhibitors against liver stage parasites, is not amenable to the methods allowing quantification of asexual blood stage translation, such as radiolabeled amino acid incorporation or lysate-based translation of reporter transcripts. Here, we present a method using o-propargyl puromycin (OPP) labeling of host and parasite nascent proteomes in the P. berghei-HepG2 infection model, followed by automated confocal image acquisition and computational separation of P. berghei vs. H. sapiens nascent proteome signals to allow simultaneous readout of the effects of translation inhibitors on both host and parasite. This protocol details our HepG2 cell culture and infected monolayer handling optimized for microscopy, our OPP labeling workflow, and our approach to automated confocal imaging, image processing, and data analysis. Key features • Uses the o-propargyl puromycin labeling technique developed by Liu et al. to quantitatively analyze protein synthesis in Plasmodium berghei liver-stage parasites in actively translating hepatoma cells. • This quantitative approach should be adaptable for other puromycin-sensitive intracellular pathogens residing in actively translating host cells. • The P. berghei-infected HepG2 recovery and reseeding protocol presented here is of use in applications beyond nascent proteome labeling and quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L. McLellan
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and STCEID,
University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Andreu Garcia-Vilanova
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and STCEID,
University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Kirsten K. Hanson
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology and STCEID,
University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Headley CA, Gautam S, Olmo-Fontanez A, Garcia-Vilanova A, Dwivedi V, Schami A, Weintraub S, Tsao PS, Torrelles JB, Turner J. Mitochondrial Transplantation promotes protective effector and memory CD4 + T cell response during Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and diminishes exhaustion and senescence in elderly CD4 + T cells. bioRxiv 2024:2024.01.24.577036. [PMID: 38328206 PMCID: PMC10849707 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.24.577036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), remains a significant health concern worldwide, especially in populations with weakened or compromised immune systems, such as the elderly. Proper adaptive immune function, particularly a CD4+ T cell response, is central to host immunity against M.tb. Chronic infections, such as M.tb, as well as aging promote T cell exhaustion and senescence, which can impair immune control and promote progression to TB disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to T cell dysfunction, both in aging and chronic infections and diseases. Mitochondrial perturbations can disrupt cellular metabolism, enhance oxidative stress, and impair T-cell signaling and effector functions. This study examined the impact of mitochondrial transplantation (mito-transfer) on CD4+ T cell differentiation and function using aged mouse models and human CD4+ T cells from elderly individuals. Our study revealed that mito-transfer in naïve CD4+ T cells promoted the generation of protective effector and memory CD4+ T cells during M.tb infection in mice. Further, mito-transfer enhanced the function of elderly human T cells by increasing their mitochondrial mass and modulating cytokine production, which in turn reduced exhaustion and senescence cell markers. Our results suggest that mito-transfer could be a novel strategy to reestablish aged CD4+ T cell function, potentially improving immune responses in the elderly and chronic TB patients, with a broader implication for other diseases where mitochondrial dysfunction is linked to T cell exhaustion and senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colwyn A. Headley
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43201, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305
| | - Shalini Gautam
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Angelica Olmo-Fontanez
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Andreu Garcia-Vilanova
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Varun Dwivedi
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Alyssa Schami
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Susan Weintraub
- Department of Biochemistry & Structural Biology, UT health San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Philip S. Tsao
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, 94305
| | - Jordi B. Torrelles
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
- Internaltional Center for the Advancement of Research & Education (I•CARE), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Joanne Turner
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
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Akhter A, Moliva JI, Azad AK, Olmo-Fontánez A, Garcia-Vilanova A, Scordo JM, Gavrilin MA, Diaz PT, Endsley JJ, Weintraub ST, Schlesinger LS, Wewers MD, Torrelles JB. HIV Infection impairs the Host Response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection by altering Surfactant Protein D function in the Human Lung Alveolar Mucosa. Mucosal Immunol 2024:S1933-0219(23)00099-5. [PMID: 38184074 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis is the leading cause of death for people living with HIV (PLWH). We hypothesized that altered functions of innate immune components in the human alveolar lining fluid of PLWH (HIV-ALF), drive susceptibility to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection. Our results indicate a significant increase in oxidation of innate proteins and chemokine levels, and significantly lower levels and function of complement components and Th1/Th2/Th17 cytokines in HIV-ALF vs. control-ALF (non-HIV infected people). We further found a deficiency of surfactant protein-D (SP-D) and reduced binding of SP-D to M.tb that had been exposed to HIV-ALF. Primary human macrophages infected with M.tb exposed to HIV-ALF were significantly less capable of controlling the infection, which was reversed by SP-D replenishment in HIV-ALF. Thus, based on the limited number of participants in this study, our data suggest that PLWH without antiretroviral therapy (ART) have declining host innate defense function in their lung mucosa, thereby favoring M.tb and potentially other pulmonary infections.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Abul K Azad
- Host Pathogen Interactions Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, US
| | - Angélica Olmo-Fontánez
- Population Health and; Integrated Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX, US
| | | | | | - Mikhail A Gavrilin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Division, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, US
| | - Phillip T Diaz
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Division, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, US
| | - Janice J Endsley
- Departments of Microbiology & Immunology and Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch Health, Galveston, TX, US
| | - Susan T Weintraub
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, US
| | - Larry S Schlesinger
- Host Pathogen Interactions Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, US
| | - Mark D Wewers
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Division, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, US
| | - Jordi B Torrelles
- Population Health and; International Center for the Advancement of Research and Education (I●CARE), Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, US.
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Allué-Guardia A, Garcia-Vilanova A, Schami AM, Olmo-Fontánez AM, Hicks A, Peters J, Maselli DJ, Wewers MD, Wang Y, Torrelles JB. Exposure of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to human alveolar lining fluid shows temporal and strain-specific adaptation to the lung environment. bioRxiv 2023:2023.09.27.559381. [PMID: 37808780 PMCID: PMC10557635 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.27.559381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Upon infection, Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( M.tb ) reaches the alveolar space and comes in close contact with human alveolar lining fluid (ALF) for an uncertain period of time prior to its encounter with alveolar cells. We showed that homeostatic ALF hydrolytic enzymes modify the M.tb cell envelope, driving M.tb -host cell interactions. Still, the contribution of ALF during M.tb infection is poorly understood. Here, we exposed 4 M.tb strains with different levels of virulence, transmissibility, and drug resistance (DR) to physiological concentrations of human ALF for 15-min and 12-h, and performed RNA sequencing. Gene expression analysis showed a temporal and strain-specific adaptation to human ALF. Differential expression (DE) of ALF-exposed vs. unexposed M.tb revealed a total of 397 DE genes associated with lipid metabolism, cell envelope and processes, intermediary metabolism and respiration, and regulatory proteins, among others. Most DE genes were detected at 12-h post-ALF exposure, with DR- M.tb strain W-7642 having the highest number of DE genes. Interestingly, genes from the KstR2 regulon, which controls the degradation of cholesterol C and D rings, were significantly upregulated in all strains post-ALF exposure. These results indicate that M.tb -ALF contact drives initial metabolic and physiologic changes in M.tb , with potential implications in infection outcome. IMPORTANCE Tuberculosis, caused by airborne pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( M.tb ), is one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. Upon infection, M.tb reaches the alveoli and gets in contact with human alveolar lining fluid (ALF), where ALF hydrolases modify the M.tb cell envelope driving subsequent M.tb -host cell interactions. Still, the contributions of ALF during infection are poorly understood. We exposed 4 M.tb strains to ALF for 15-min and 12-h and performed RNA sequencing, demonstrating a temporal and strain-specific adaptation of M.tb to ALF. Interestingly, genes associated with cholesterol degradation were highly upregulated in all strains. This study shows for the first time that ALF drives global metabolic changes in M.tb during the initial stages of the infection, with potential implications in disease outcome. Biologically relevant networks and common and strain-specific bacterial determinants derived from this study could be further investigated as potential therapeutic candidates.
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Ye C, Park JG, Chiem K, Dravid P, Allué-Guardia A, Garcia-Vilanova A, Pino Tamayo P, Shivanna V, Kapoor A, Walter MR, Kobie JJ, Plemper RK, Torrelles JB, Martinez-Sobrido L. Immunization with Recombinant Accessory Protein-Deficient SARS-CoV-2 Protects against Lethal Challenge and Viral Transmission. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0065323. [PMID: 37191507 PMCID: PMC10269623 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00653-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to a worldwide coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Despite the high efficacy of the authorized vaccines, there may be uncertain and unknown side effects or disadvantages associated with current vaccination approaches. Live-attenuated vaccines (LAVs) have been shown to elicit robust and long-term protection by the induction of host innate and adaptive immune responses. In this study, we sought to verify an attenuation strategy by generating 3 double open reading frame (ORF)-deficient recombinant SARS-CoV-2s (rSARS-CoV-2s) simultaneously lacking two accessory ORF proteins (ORF3a/ORF6, ORF3a/ORF7a, and ORF3a/ORF7b). We report that these double ORF-deficient rSARS-CoV-2s have slower replication kinetics and reduced fitness in cultured cells compared with their parental wild-type (WT) counterpart. Importantly, these double ORF-deficient rSARS-CoV-2s showed attenuation in both K18 hACE2 transgenic mice and golden Syrian hamsters. A single intranasal dose vaccination induced high levels of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and some variants of concern and activated viral component-specific T cell responses. Notably, double ORF-deficient rSARS-CoV-2s were able to protect, as determined by the inhibition of viral replication, shedding, and transmission, against challenge with SARS-CoV-2 in both K18 hACE2 mice and golden Syrian hamsters. Collectively, our results demonstrate the feasibility of implementing the double ORF-deficient strategy to develop safe, immunogenic, and protective LAVs to prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated COVID-19. IMPORTANCE Live-attenuated vaccines (LAVs) are able to induce robust immune responses, including both humoral and cellular immunity, representing a very promising option to provide broad and long-term immunity. To develop LAVs for SARS-CoV-2, we engineered attenuated recombinant SARS-CoV-2 (rSARS-CoV-2) that simultaneously lacks the viral open reading frame 3a (ORF3a) in combination with either ORF6, ORF7a, or ORF7b (Δ3a/Δ6, Δ3a/Δ7a, and Δ3a/Δ7b, respectively) proteins. Among them, the rSARS-CoV-2 Δ3a/Δ7b was completely attenuated and able to provide 100% protection against an otherwise lethal challenge in K18 hACE2 transgenic mice. Moreover, the rSARS-CoV-2 Δ3a/Δ7b conferred protection against viral transmission between golden Syrian hamsters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjin Ye
- Disease Intervention and Prevention, and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Jun-Gyu Park
- Disease Intervention and Prevention, and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Kevin Chiem
- Disease Intervention and Prevention, and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Piyush Dravid
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Anna Allué-Guardia
- Disease Intervention and Prevention, and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Andreu Garcia-Vilanova
- Disease Intervention and Prevention, and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Paula Pino Tamayo
- Disease Intervention and Prevention, and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Vinay Shivanna
- Disease Intervention and Prevention, and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Amit Kapoor
- Center for Vaccines and Immunity, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Mark R. Walter
- Department of Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - James J. Kobie
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Richard K. Plemper
- Center for Translational Antiviral Research, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Jordi B. Torrelles
- Disease Intervention and Prevention, and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
| | - Luis Martinez-Sobrido
- Disease Intervention and Prevention, and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas, USA
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Ji N, Long M, Garcia-Vilanova A, Ault R, Moliva JI, Yusoof KA, Mukherjee N, Curiel TJ, Dixon H, Torrelles JB, Svatek RS. Selective delipidation of Mycobacterium bovis BCG retains antitumor efficacy against non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:125-136. [PMID: 35748904 PMCID: PMC10992592 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-022-03236-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Repeated instillations of bacillus Calmette et Guérin (BCG) are the gold standard immunotherapeutic treatment for reducing recurrence for patients with high-grade papillary non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and for eradicating bladder carcinoma-in situ. Unfortunately, some patients are unable to tolerate BCG due to treatment-associated toxicity and bladder removal is sometimes performed for BCG-intolerance. Prior studies suggest that selectively delipidated BCG (dBCG) improves tolerability of intrapulmonary delivery reducing tissue damage and increasing efficacy in preventing Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in mice. To address the lack of treatment options for NMIBC with BCG-intolerance, we examined if selective delipidation would compromise BCG's antitumor efficacy and at the same time increase tolerability to the treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS Murine syngeneic MB49 bladder cancer models and in vitro human innate effector cell cytotoxicity assays were used to evaluate efficacy and immune impact of selective delipidation in Tokyo and TICE BCG strains. RESULTS Both dBCG-Tokyo and dBCG-TICE effectively treated subcutaneous MB49 tumors in mice and enhanced tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T and natural killer cells, similar to conventional BCG. However, when compared to conventional BCG, only dBCG-Tokyo retained a significant effect on intratumoral tumor-specific CD8+ and γδ T cells by increasing their frequencies in tumor tissue and their production of antitumoral function-related cytokines, i.e., IFN-γ and granzyme B. Further, dBCG-Tokyo but not dBCG-TICE enhanced the function and cytotoxicity of innate effector cells against human bladder cancer T24 in vitro. CONCLUSIONS These data support clinical investigation of dBCG-Tokyo as a treatment for patients with BCG-intolerant NMIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niannian Ji
- Experimental Developmental Therapeutics (EDT) Program, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health MD Anderson, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Urology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Meijun Long
- Department of Urology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Breast Cancer Center, the 3rd Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Andreu Garcia-Vilanova
- Population Health Program, TB Group, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Russell Ault
- Population Health Program, TB Group, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Juan I Moliva
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kizil A Yusoof
- Population Health Program, TB Group, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Neelam Mukherjee
- Experimental Developmental Therapeutics (EDT) Program, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health MD Anderson, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Department of Urology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Tyler J Curiel
- Experimental Developmental Therapeutics (EDT) Program, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health MD Anderson, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology at the UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Hong Dixon
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Division, Microencapsulation and Nanomaterials Department, Southwest Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jordi B Torrelles
- Population Health Program, TB Group, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.
| | - Robert S Svatek
- Experimental Developmental Therapeutics (EDT) Program, Mays Cancer Center at UT Health MD Anderson, San Antonio, TX, USA.
- Department of Urology, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
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Guerrero-Arguero I, Khan SR, Henry BM, Garcia-Vilanova A, Chiem K, Ye C, Shrestha S, Knight D, Cristner M, Hill S, Waldman WJ, Dutta PK, Torrelles JB, Martinez-Sobrido L, Nagy AM. Mitigation of SARS-CoV-2 by Using Transition Metal Nanozeolites and Quaternary Ammonium Compounds as Antiviral Agents in Suspensions and Soft Fabric Materials. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:2307-2324. [PMID: 37163142 PMCID: PMC10164392 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s396669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has demonstrated the need for novel, affordable, and efficient reagents to help reduce viral transmission, especially in high-risk environments including medical treatment facilities, close quarters, and austere settings. We examined transition-metal nanozeolite suspensions and quaternary ammonium compounds as an antiviral surface coating for various textile materials. Methods Zeolites are crystalline porous aluminosilicate materials, with the ability of ion-exchanging different cations. Nanozeolites (30 nm) were synthesized and then ion-exchanged with silver, zinc and copper ions. Benzalkonium nitrate (BZN) was examined as the quaternary ammonium ion (quat). Suspensions of these materials were tested for antiviral activity towards SARS-CoV-2 using plaque assay and immunostaining. Suspensions of the nanozeolite and quat were deposited on polyester and cotton fabrics and the ability of these textiles towards neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 was examined. Results We hypothesized that transition metal ion containing zeolites, particularly silver and zinc (AM30) and silver and copper (AV30), would be effective in reducing the infectivity of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Additionally, AM30 and AV30 antiviral potency was tested when combined with a quaternary ammonium carrier, BZN. Our results indicate that exposure of SARS-CoV-2 to AM30 and/or AV30 suspensions reduced viral loads with time and exhibited dose-dependence. Antiviral activities of the combination of zeolite and BZN compositions were significantly enhanced. When used in textiles, AM30 and AV30-coated cotton and polyester fabrics alone or in combination with BZN exhibited significant antiviral properties, which were maintained even after various stress tests, including washes, SARS-CoV-2-repeated exposures, or treatments with soil-like materials. Conclusion This study shows the efficacy of transition metal nanozeolite formulations as novel antiviral agents and establishes that nanozeolite with silver and zinc ions (AM30) and nanozeolite with silver and copper ions (AV30) when combined with benzalkonium nitrate (BZN) quickly and continuously inactivate SARS-CoV-2 in suspension and on fabric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Guerrero-Arguero
- Disease Intervention & Prevention and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Siddiqur Rahman Khan
- Disease Intervention & Prevention and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Brandon M Henry
- Disease Intervention & Prevention and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Andreu Garcia-Vilanova
- Disease Intervention & Prevention and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Kevin Chiem
- Disease Intervention & Prevention and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Chengjin Ye
- Disease Intervention & Prevention and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | | | - Deborah Knight
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mark Cristner
- Chief Scientist’s Office of Science and Technology, 59 Medical Wing, Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Shauna Hill
- Chief Scientist’s Office of Science and Technology, 59 Medical Wing, Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - W James Waldman
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Prabir K Dutta
- ZeoVation Inc., Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Correspondence: Prabir K Dutta; Amber M Nagy, Email ;
| | - Jordi B Torrelles
- Disease Intervention & Prevention and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Luis Martinez-Sobrido
- Disease Intervention & Prevention and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Amber M Nagy
- Disease Intervention & Prevention and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
- Chief Scientist’s Office of Science and Technology, 59 Medical Wing, Joint Base San Antonio-Lackland, San Antonio, TX, USA
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9
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Zarkoob H, Allué-Guardia A, Chen YC, Garcia-Vilanova A, Jung O, Coon S, Song MJ, Park JG, Oladunni F, Miller J, Tung YT, Kosik I, Schultz D, Iben J, Li T, Fu J, Porter FD, Yewdell J, Martinez-Sobrido L, Cherry S, Torrelles JB, Ferrer M, Lee EM. Modeling SARS-CoV-2 and influenza infections and antiviral treatments in human lung epithelial tissue equivalents. Commun Biol 2022; 5:810. [PMID: 35962146 PMCID: PMC9373898 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03753-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a critical need for physiologically relevant, robust, and ready-to-use in vitro cellular assay platforms to rapidly model the infectivity of emerging viruses and develop new antiviral treatments. Here we describe the cellular complexity of human alveolar and tracheobronchial air liquid interface (ALI) tissue models during SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus (IAV) infections. Our results showed that both SARS-CoV-2 and IAV effectively infect these ALI tissues, with SARS-CoV-2 exhibiting a slower replication peaking at later time-points compared to IAV. We detected tissue-specific chemokine and cytokine storms in response to viral infection, including well-defined biomarkers in severe SARS-CoV-2 and IAV infections such as CXCL10, IL-6, and IL-10. Our single-cell RNA sequencing analysis showed similar findings to that found in vivo for SARS-CoV-2 infection, including dampened IFN response, increased chemokine induction, and inhibition of MHC Class I presentation not observed for IAV infected tissues. Finally, we demonstrate the pharmacological validity of these ALI tissue models as antiviral drug screening assay platforms, with the potential to be easily adapted to include other cell types and increase the throughput to test relevant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Zarkoob
- 3D Tissue Bioprinting Lab, Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Anna Allué-Guardia
- Host-Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Yu-Chi Chen
- 3D Tissue Bioprinting Lab, Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Andreu Garcia-Vilanova
- Host-Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Olive Jung
- 3D Tissue Bioprinting Lab, Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.,Biomedical Ultrasonics & Biotherapy Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Headington, UK
| | - Steven Coon
- Molecular Genomics Core, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Min Jae Song
- 3D Tissue Bioprinting Lab, Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jun-Gyu Park
- Host-Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Fatai Oladunni
- Host-Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Jesse Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Yen-Ting Tung
- 3D Tissue Bioprinting Lab, Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Ivan Kosik
- National Institute for Allergies and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - David Schultz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,High Throughput Screening Core, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - James Iben
- Molecular Genomics Core, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Tianwei Li
- Molecular Genomics Core, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Jiaqi Fu
- 3D Tissue Bioprinting Lab, Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Forbes D Porter
- Section on Molecular Dysmorphology, Division of Translational Medicine, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Jonathan Yewdell
- National Institute for Allergies and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Luis Martinez-Sobrido
- Host-Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Sara Cherry
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jordi B Torrelles
- Host-Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Marc Ferrer
- 3D Tissue Bioprinting Lab, Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
| | - Emily M Lee
- 3D Tissue Bioprinting Lab, Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA.
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10
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Mizrahi RA, Lin WY, Gras A, Niedecken AR, Wagner EK, Keating SM, Ikon N, Manickam VA, Asensio MA, Leong J, Medina-Cucurella AV, Benzie E, Carter KP, Chiang Y, Edgar RC, Leong R, Lim YW, Simons JF, Spindler MJ, Stadtmiller K, Wayham N, Büscher D, Terencio JV, Germanio CD, Chamow SM, Olson C, Pino PA, Park JG, Hicks A, Ye C, Garcia-Vilanova A, Martinez-Sobrido L, Torrelles JB, Johnson DS, Adler AS. GMP Manufacturing and IND-Enabling Studies of a Recombinant Hyperimmune Globulin Targeting SARS-CoV-2. Pathogens 2022; 11:806. [PMID: 35890050 PMCID: PMC9320065 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11070806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventionally, hyperimmune globulin drugs manufactured from pooled immunoglobulins from vaccinated or convalescent donors have been used in treating infections where no treatment is available. This is especially important where multi-epitope neutralization is required to prevent the development of immune-evading viral mutants that can emerge upon treatment with monoclonal antibodies. Using microfluidics, flow sorting, and a targeted integration cell line, a first-in-class recombinant hyperimmune globulin therapeutic against SARS-CoV-2 (GIGA-2050) was generated. Using processes similar to conventional monoclonal antibody manufacturing, GIGA-2050, comprising 12,500 antibodies, was scaled-up for clinical manufacturing and multiple development/tox lots were assessed for consistency. Antibody sequence diversity, cell growth, productivity, and product quality were assessed across different manufacturing sites and production scales. GIGA-2050 was purified and tested for good laboratory procedures (GLP) toxicology, pharmacokinetics, and in vivo efficacy against natural SARS-CoV-2 infection in mice. The GIGA-2050 master cell bank was highly stable, producing material at consistent yield and product quality up to >70 generations. Good manufacturing practices (GMP) and development batches of GIGA-2050 showed consistent product quality, impurity clearance, potency, and protection in an in vivo efficacy model. Nonhuman primate toxicology and pharmacokinetics studies suggest that GIGA-2050 is safe and has a half-life similar to other recombinant human IgG1 antibodies. These results supported a successful investigational new drug application for GIGA-2050. This study demonstrates that a new class of drugs, recombinant hyperimmune globulins, can be manufactured consistently at the clinical scale and presents a new approach to treating infectious diseases that targets multiple epitopes of a virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rena A. Mizrahi
- GigaGen, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (R.A.M.); (A.G.); (A.R.N.); (E.K.W.); (S.M.K.); (N.I.); (V.A.M.); (M.A.A.); (J.L.); (A.V.M.-C.); (E.B.); (K.P.C.); (Y.C.); (R.C.E.); (R.L.); (Y.W.L.); (J.F.S.); (M.J.S.); (K.S.); (N.W.); (D.S.J.)
| | - Wendy Y. Lin
- Alira Health, Inc., Framingham, MA 01702, USA; (W.Y.L.); (S.M.C.); (C.O.)
| | - Ashley Gras
- GigaGen, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (R.A.M.); (A.G.); (A.R.N.); (E.K.W.); (S.M.K.); (N.I.); (V.A.M.); (M.A.A.); (J.L.); (A.V.M.-C.); (E.B.); (K.P.C.); (Y.C.); (R.C.E.); (R.L.); (Y.W.L.); (J.F.S.); (M.J.S.); (K.S.); (N.W.); (D.S.J.)
| | - Ariel R. Niedecken
- GigaGen, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (R.A.M.); (A.G.); (A.R.N.); (E.K.W.); (S.M.K.); (N.I.); (V.A.M.); (M.A.A.); (J.L.); (A.V.M.-C.); (E.B.); (K.P.C.); (Y.C.); (R.C.E.); (R.L.); (Y.W.L.); (J.F.S.); (M.J.S.); (K.S.); (N.W.); (D.S.J.)
| | - Ellen K. Wagner
- GigaGen, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (R.A.M.); (A.G.); (A.R.N.); (E.K.W.); (S.M.K.); (N.I.); (V.A.M.); (M.A.A.); (J.L.); (A.V.M.-C.); (E.B.); (K.P.C.); (Y.C.); (R.C.E.); (R.L.); (Y.W.L.); (J.F.S.); (M.J.S.); (K.S.); (N.W.); (D.S.J.)
| | - Sheila M. Keating
- GigaGen, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (R.A.M.); (A.G.); (A.R.N.); (E.K.W.); (S.M.K.); (N.I.); (V.A.M.); (M.A.A.); (J.L.); (A.V.M.-C.); (E.B.); (K.P.C.); (Y.C.); (R.C.E.); (R.L.); (Y.W.L.); (J.F.S.); (M.J.S.); (K.S.); (N.W.); (D.S.J.)
| | - Nikita Ikon
- GigaGen, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (R.A.M.); (A.G.); (A.R.N.); (E.K.W.); (S.M.K.); (N.I.); (V.A.M.); (M.A.A.); (J.L.); (A.V.M.-C.); (E.B.); (K.P.C.); (Y.C.); (R.C.E.); (R.L.); (Y.W.L.); (J.F.S.); (M.J.S.); (K.S.); (N.W.); (D.S.J.)
| | - Vishal A. Manickam
- GigaGen, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (R.A.M.); (A.G.); (A.R.N.); (E.K.W.); (S.M.K.); (N.I.); (V.A.M.); (M.A.A.); (J.L.); (A.V.M.-C.); (E.B.); (K.P.C.); (Y.C.); (R.C.E.); (R.L.); (Y.W.L.); (J.F.S.); (M.J.S.); (K.S.); (N.W.); (D.S.J.)
| | - Michael A. Asensio
- GigaGen, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (R.A.M.); (A.G.); (A.R.N.); (E.K.W.); (S.M.K.); (N.I.); (V.A.M.); (M.A.A.); (J.L.); (A.V.M.-C.); (E.B.); (K.P.C.); (Y.C.); (R.C.E.); (R.L.); (Y.W.L.); (J.F.S.); (M.J.S.); (K.S.); (N.W.); (D.S.J.)
| | - Jackson Leong
- GigaGen, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (R.A.M.); (A.G.); (A.R.N.); (E.K.W.); (S.M.K.); (N.I.); (V.A.M.); (M.A.A.); (J.L.); (A.V.M.-C.); (E.B.); (K.P.C.); (Y.C.); (R.C.E.); (R.L.); (Y.W.L.); (J.F.S.); (M.J.S.); (K.S.); (N.W.); (D.S.J.)
| | - Angelica V. Medina-Cucurella
- GigaGen, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (R.A.M.); (A.G.); (A.R.N.); (E.K.W.); (S.M.K.); (N.I.); (V.A.M.); (M.A.A.); (J.L.); (A.V.M.-C.); (E.B.); (K.P.C.); (Y.C.); (R.C.E.); (R.L.); (Y.W.L.); (J.F.S.); (M.J.S.); (K.S.); (N.W.); (D.S.J.)
| | - Emily Benzie
- GigaGen, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (R.A.M.); (A.G.); (A.R.N.); (E.K.W.); (S.M.K.); (N.I.); (V.A.M.); (M.A.A.); (J.L.); (A.V.M.-C.); (E.B.); (K.P.C.); (Y.C.); (R.C.E.); (R.L.); (Y.W.L.); (J.F.S.); (M.J.S.); (K.S.); (N.W.); (D.S.J.)
| | - Kyle P. Carter
- GigaGen, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (R.A.M.); (A.G.); (A.R.N.); (E.K.W.); (S.M.K.); (N.I.); (V.A.M.); (M.A.A.); (J.L.); (A.V.M.-C.); (E.B.); (K.P.C.); (Y.C.); (R.C.E.); (R.L.); (Y.W.L.); (J.F.S.); (M.J.S.); (K.S.); (N.W.); (D.S.J.)
| | - Yao Chiang
- GigaGen, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (R.A.M.); (A.G.); (A.R.N.); (E.K.W.); (S.M.K.); (N.I.); (V.A.M.); (M.A.A.); (J.L.); (A.V.M.-C.); (E.B.); (K.P.C.); (Y.C.); (R.C.E.); (R.L.); (Y.W.L.); (J.F.S.); (M.J.S.); (K.S.); (N.W.); (D.S.J.)
| | - Robert C. Edgar
- GigaGen, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (R.A.M.); (A.G.); (A.R.N.); (E.K.W.); (S.M.K.); (N.I.); (V.A.M.); (M.A.A.); (J.L.); (A.V.M.-C.); (E.B.); (K.P.C.); (Y.C.); (R.C.E.); (R.L.); (Y.W.L.); (J.F.S.); (M.J.S.); (K.S.); (N.W.); (D.S.J.)
| | - Renee Leong
- GigaGen, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (R.A.M.); (A.G.); (A.R.N.); (E.K.W.); (S.M.K.); (N.I.); (V.A.M.); (M.A.A.); (J.L.); (A.V.M.-C.); (E.B.); (K.P.C.); (Y.C.); (R.C.E.); (R.L.); (Y.W.L.); (J.F.S.); (M.J.S.); (K.S.); (N.W.); (D.S.J.)
| | - Yoong Wearn Lim
- GigaGen, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (R.A.M.); (A.G.); (A.R.N.); (E.K.W.); (S.M.K.); (N.I.); (V.A.M.); (M.A.A.); (J.L.); (A.V.M.-C.); (E.B.); (K.P.C.); (Y.C.); (R.C.E.); (R.L.); (Y.W.L.); (J.F.S.); (M.J.S.); (K.S.); (N.W.); (D.S.J.)
| | - Jan Fredrik Simons
- GigaGen, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (R.A.M.); (A.G.); (A.R.N.); (E.K.W.); (S.M.K.); (N.I.); (V.A.M.); (M.A.A.); (J.L.); (A.V.M.-C.); (E.B.); (K.P.C.); (Y.C.); (R.C.E.); (R.L.); (Y.W.L.); (J.F.S.); (M.J.S.); (K.S.); (N.W.); (D.S.J.)
| | - Matthew J. Spindler
- GigaGen, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (R.A.M.); (A.G.); (A.R.N.); (E.K.W.); (S.M.K.); (N.I.); (V.A.M.); (M.A.A.); (J.L.); (A.V.M.-C.); (E.B.); (K.P.C.); (Y.C.); (R.C.E.); (R.L.); (Y.W.L.); (J.F.S.); (M.J.S.); (K.S.); (N.W.); (D.S.J.)
| | - Kacy Stadtmiller
- GigaGen, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (R.A.M.); (A.G.); (A.R.N.); (E.K.W.); (S.M.K.); (N.I.); (V.A.M.); (M.A.A.); (J.L.); (A.V.M.-C.); (E.B.); (K.P.C.); (Y.C.); (R.C.E.); (R.L.); (Y.W.L.); (J.F.S.); (M.J.S.); (K.S.); (N.W.); (D.S.J.)
| | - Nicholas Wayham
- GigaGen, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (R.A.M.); (A.G.); (A.R.N.); (E.K.W.); (S.M.K.); (N.I.); (V.A.M.); (M.A.A.); (J.L.); (A.V.M.-C.); (E.B.); (K.P.C.); (Y.C.); (R.C.E.); (R.L.); (Y.W.L.); (J.F.S.); (M.J.S.); (K.S.); (N.W.); (D.S.J.)
| | - Dirk Büscher
- Grifols S.A., 08174 Sant Cugat del Vallès, Spain; (D.B.); (J.V.T.)
| | | | | | - Steven M. Chamow
- Alira Health, Inc., Framingham, MA 01702, USA; (W.Y.L.); (S.M.C.); (C.O.)
| | - Charles Olson
- Alira Health, Inc., Framingham, MA 01702, USA; (W.Y.L.); (S.M.C.); (C.O.)
| | - Paula A. Pino
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA; (P.A.P.); (A.H.); (A.G.-V.); (L.M.-S.); (J.B.T.)
| | - Jun-Gyu Park
- Disease Intervention and Prevention Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA; (J.-G.P.); (C.Y.)
| | - Amberlee Hicks
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA; (P.A.P.); (A.H.); (A.G.-V.); (L.M.-S.); (J.B.T.)
| | - Chengjin Ye
- Disease Intervention and Prevention Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA; (J.-G.P.); (C.Y.)
| | - Andreu Garcia-Vilanova
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA; (P.A.P.); (A.H.); (A.G.-V.); (L.M.-S.); (J.B.T.)
| | - Luis Martinez-Sobrido
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA; (P.A.P.); (A.H.); (A.G.-V.); (L.M.-S.); (J.B.T.)
- Disease Intervention and Prevention Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA; (J.-G.P.); (C.Y.)
| | - Jordi B. Torrelles
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA; (P.A.P.); (A.H.); (A.G.-V.); (L.M.-S.); (J.B.T.)
- Disease Intervention and Prevention Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA; (J.-G.P.); (C.Y.)
| | - David S. Johnson
- GigaGen, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (R.A.M.); (A.G.); (A.R.N.); (E.K.W.); (S.M.K.); (N.I.); (V.A.M.); (M.A.A.); (J.L.); (A.V.M.-C.); (E.B.); (K.P.C.); (Y.C.); (R.C.E.); (R.L.); (Y.W.L.); (J.F.S.); (M.J.S.); (K.S.); (N.W.); (D.S.J.)
| | - Adam S. Adler
- GigaGen, Inc., South San Francisco, CA 94080, USA; (R.A.M.); (A.G.); (A.R.N.); (E.K.W.); (S.M.K.); (N.I.); (V.A.M.); (M.A.A.); (J.L.); (A.V.M.-C.); (E.B.); (K.P.C.); (Y.C.); (R.C.E.); (R.L.); (Y.W.L.); (J.F.S.); (M.J.S.); (K.S.); (N.W.); (D.S.J.)
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11
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Yusoof KA, García JI, Schami A, Garcia-Vilanova A, Kelley HV, Wang SH, Rendon A, Restrepo BI, Yotebieng M, Torrelles JB. Tuberculosis Phenotypic and Genotypic Drug Susceptibility Testing and Immunodiagnostics: A Review. Front Immunol 2022; 13:870768. [PMID: 35874762 PMCID: PMC9301132 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.870768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB), considered an ancient disease, is still killing one person every 21 seconds. Diagnosis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) still has many challenges, especially in low and middle-income countries with high burden disease rates. Over the last two decades, the amount of drug-resistant (DR)-TB cases has been increasing, from mono-resistant (mainly for isoniazid or rifampicin resistance) to extremely drug resistant TB. DR-TB is problematic to diagnose and treat, and thus, needs more resources to manage it. Together with+ TB clinical symptoms, phenotypic and genotypic diagnosis of TB includes a series of tests that can be used on different specimens to determine if a person has TB, as well as if the M.tb strain+ causing the disease is drug susceptible or resistant. Here, we review and discuss advantages and disadvantages of phenotypic vs. genotypic drug susceptibility testing for DR-TB, advances in TB immunodiagnostics, and propose a call to improve deployable and low-cost TB diagnostic tests to control the DR-TB burden, especially in light of the increase of the global burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance, and the potentially long term impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) disruption on TB programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kizil A. Yusoof
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Juan Ignacio García
- Population Health Program, Tuberculosis Group, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Juan Ignacio García, ; Blanca I. Restrepo, ; Marcel Yotebieng, ; Jordi B. Torrelles,
| | - Alyssa Schami
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
- Population Health Program, Tuberculosis Group, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Andreu Garcia-Vilanova
- Population Health Program, Tuberculosis Group, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Holden V. Kelley
- Population Health Program, Tuberculosis Group, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - Shu-Hua Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, College of Medicine and Global One Health Initiative, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States
| | - Adrian Rendon
- Centro de Investigación, Prevención y Tratamiento de Infecciones Respiratorias (CIPTIR), Hospital Universitario de Monterrey Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Blanca I. Restrepo
- School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Brownsville, TX, United States
- School of Medicine, South Texas Diabetes and Obesity Institute, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Juan Ignacio García, ; Blanca I. Restrepo, ; Marcel Yotebieng, ; Jordi B. Torrelles,
| | - Marcel Yotebieng
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York City, NY, United States
- *Correspondence: Juan Ignacio García, ; Blanca I. Restrepo, ; Marcel Yotebieng, ; Jordi B. Torrelles,
| | - Jordi B. Torrelles
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, United States
- Population Health Program, Tuberculosis Group, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
- *Correspondence: Juan Ignacio García, ; Blanca I. Restrepo, ; Marcel Yotebieng, ; Jordi B. Torrelles,
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12
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Garcia-Vilanova A, Olmo-Fontánez AM, Moliva JI, Allué-Guardia A, Singh H, Merritt RE, Maselli DJ, Peters JI, Restrepo BI, Wang Y, Schlesinger LS, Turner J, Weintraub ST, Torrelles JB. The aging human lung mucosa: A proteomics study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2022; 77:1969-1974. [PMID: 35460553 PMCID: PMC9536443 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glac091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The older adult population, estimated to double by 2050, is at increased risk of respiratory infections and other pulmonary diseases. Biochemical changes in the lung alveolar lining fluid (ALF) and in alveolar compartment cells can alter local immune responses as we age, generating opportunities for invading pathogens to establish successful infections. Indeed, the lung alveolar space of older adults is a pro-inflammatory, pro-oxidative, dysregulated environment that remains understudied. We performed an exploratory, quantitative proteomic profiling of the soluble proteins present in ALF, developing insight into molecular fingerprints, pathways, and regulatory networks that characterize the alveolar space in old age, comparing it to that of younger individuals. We identified 457 proteins that were significantly differentially expressed in older adult ALF, including increased production of matrix metalloproteinases, markers of cellular senescence, antimicrobials, and proteins of neutrophilic granule origin, among others, suggesting that neutrophils in the lungs of older adults could be potential contributors to the dysregulated alveolar environment with increasing age. Finally, we describe a hypothetical regulatory network mediated by the Serum Response Factor that could explain the neutrophilic profile observed in the older adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreu Garcia-Vilanova
- Population Health and Host Pathogen Interactions Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX
| | - Angélica M Olmo-Fontánez
- Population Health and Host Pathogen Interactions Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX.,Integrated Biomedical Sciences Program, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, TX
| | - Juan I Moliva
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Anna Allué-Guardia
- Population Health and Host Pathogen Interactions Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX
| | - Harjinder Singh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, UT-Health SA, San Antonio, TX
| | - Robert E Merritt
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus OH
| | - Diego J Maselli
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, UT-Health SA, San Antonio, TX
| | - Jay I Peters
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, UT-Health SA, San Antonio, TX
| | | | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, UTSA, San Antonio, TX
| | - Larry S Schlesinger
- Population Health and Host Pathogen Interactions Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX
| | - Joanne Turner
- Population Health and Host Pathogen Interactions Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX
| | - Susan T Weintraub
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, UT-Health SA, San Antonio, TX
| | - Jordi B Torrelles
- Population Health and Host Pathogen Interactions Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX
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13
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Ye C, Park JG, Chiem K, Dravid P, Allué-Guardia A, Garcia-Vilanova A, Kapoor A, Walter MR, Kobie JJ, Plemper RK, Torrelles JB, Martinez-Sobrido L. Immunization with recombinant accessory protein-deficient SARS-CoV-2 protects against lethal challenge and viral transmission. bioRxiv 2022:2022.03.13.484172. [PMID: 35313573 PMCID: PMC8936109 DOI: 10.1101/2022.03.13.484172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to a worldwide Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Despite high efficacy of the authorized vaccines, protection against the surging variants of concern (VoC) was less robust. Live-attenuated vaccines (LAV) have been shown to elicit robust and long-term protection by induction of host innate and adaptive immune responses. We sought to develop a COVID-19 LAV by generating 3 double open reading frame (ORF)-deficient recombinant (r)SARS-CoV-2 simultaneously lacking two accessory open reading frame (ORF) proteins (ORF3a/ORF6, ORF3a/ORF7a, and ORF3a/ORF7b). Here, we report that these double ORF-deficient rSARS-CoV-2 have slower replication kinetics and reduced fitness in cultured cells as compared to their parental wild-type (WT) counterpart. Importantly, these double ORF-deficient rSARS-CoV-2 showed attenuation in both K18 hACE2 transgenic mice and golden Syrian hamsters. A single intranasal dose vaccination induced high levels of neutralizing antibodies against different SARS-CoV-2 VoC, and also activated viral component-specific T-cell responses. Notably, the double ORF-deficient rSARS-CoV-2 were able to protect, as determined by inhibition of viral replication, shedding, and transmission, against challenge with SARS-CoV-2. Collectively, our results demonstrate the feasibility to implement these double ORF-deficient rSARS-CoV-2 as safe, stable, immunogenic and protective LAV for the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated COVID-19 disease.
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14
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Allué-Guardia A, Garcia-Vilanova A, Olmo-Fontánez AM, Peters J, Maselli DJ, Wang Y, Turner J, Schlesinger LS, Torrelles JB. Host- and Age-Dependent Transcriptional Changes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis Cell Envelope Biosynthesis Genes after Exposure to Human Alveolar Lining Fluid. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020983. [PMID: 35055170 PMCID: PMC8780516 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) infection, caused by the airborne pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), resulted in almost 1.4 million deaths in 2019, and the number of deaths is predicted to increase by 20% over the next 5 years due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Upon reaching the alveolar space, M.tb comes into close contact with the lung mucosa before and after its encounter with host alveolar compartment cells. Our previous studies show that homeostatic, innate soluble components of the alveolar lining fluid (ALF) can quickly alter the cell envelope surface of M.tb upon contact, defining subsequent M.tb-host cell interactions and infection outcomes in vitro and in vivo. We also demonstrated that ALF from 60+ year old elders (E-ALF) vs. healthy 18- to 45-year-old adults (A-ALF) is dysfunctional, with loss of homeostatic capacity and impaired innate soluble responses linked to high local oxidative stress. In this study, a targeted transcriptional assay shows that M.tb exposure to human ALF alters the expression of its cell envelope genes. Specifically, our results indicate that A-ALF-exposed M.tb upregulates cell envelope genes associated with lipid, carbohydrate, and amino acid metabolism, as well as genes associated with redox homeostasis and transcriptional regulators. Conversely, M.tb exposure to E-ALF shows a lesser transcriptional response, with most of the M.tb genes unchanged or downregulated. Overall, this study indicates that M.tb responds and adapts to the lung alveolar environment upon contact, and that the host ALF status, determined by factors such as age, might play an important role in determining infection outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Allué-Guardia
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA; (A.G.-V.); (A.M.O.-F.)
- Correspondence: (A.A.-G.); (J.B.T.)
| | - Andreu Garcia-Vilanova
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA; (A.G.-V.); (A.M.O.-F.)
| | - Angélica M. Olmo-Fontánez
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA; (A.G.-V.); (A.M.O.-F.)
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Jay Peters
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (J.P.); (D.J.M.)
| | - Diego J. Maselli
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, UT Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA; (J.P.); (D.J.M.)
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, South Texas Center for Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA;
| | - Joanne Turner
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA; (J.T.); (L.S.S.)
| | - Larry S. Schlesinger
- Host-Pathogen Interactions Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA; (J.T.); (L.S.S.)
| | - Jordi B. Torrelles
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78227, USA; (A.G.-V.); (A.M.O.-F.)
- Correspondence: (A.A.-G.); (J.B.T.)
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15
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Allué-Guardia A, Garcia-Vilanova A, M Olmo-Fontánez A, Peters J, Maselli DJ, Wang Y, Turner J, Schlesinger LS, Torrelles JB. Host- and age-dependent transcriptional changes in Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell envelope biosynthesis genes after exposure to human alveolar lining fluid. bioRxiv 2021. [PMID: 34580670 DOI: 10.1101/2021.09.08.459334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) infection, caused by the airborne pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( M . tb ), resulted in almost 1.4 million deaths in 2019 and the number of deaths is predicted to increase by 20% over the next 5 years due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Upon reaching the alveolar space, M . tb comes in close contact with the lung mucosa before and after its encounter with host alveolar compartment cells. Our previous studies show that homeostatic innate soluble components of the alveolar lining fluid (ALF) can quickly alter the cell envelope surface of M . tb upon contact, defining subsequent M . tb -host cell interactions and infection outcomes in vitro and in vivo . We also demonstrated that ALF from 60+ year old elders (E-ALF) vs . healthy 18- to 45-year-old adults (A-ALF) is dysfunctional with loss of homeostatic capacity and impaired innate soluble responses linked to high local oxidative stress. In this study, a targeted transcriptional assay demonstrates that M . tb exposure to human ALF alters the expression of its cell envelope genes. Specifically, our results indicate that A-ALF-exposed M . tb upregulates cell envelope genes associated with lipid, carbohydrate, and amino acid metabolism, as well as genes associated with redox homeostasis and transcriptional regulators. Conversely, M . tb exposure to E-ALF shows lesser transcriptional response, with most of the M . tb genes unchanged or downregulated. Overall, this study indicates that M . tb responds and adapts to the lung alveolar environment upon contact, and that the host ALF status determined by factors such as age might play an important role in determining infection outcome.
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16
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Zarkoob H, Allué-Guardia A, Chen YC, Jung O, Garcia-Vilanova A, Song MJ, Park JG, Oladunni F, Miller J, Tung YT, Kosik I, Schultz D, Yewdell J, Torrelles JB, Martinez-Sobrido L, Cherry S, Ferrer M, Lee EM. Modeling SARS-CoV-2 and Influenza Infections and Antiviral Treatments in Human Lung Epithelial Tissue Equivalents. bioRxiv 2021:2021.05.11.443693. [PMID: 34013274 PMCID: PMC8132232 DOI: 10.1101/2021.05.11.443693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the third coronavirus in less than 20 years to spillover from an animal reservoir and cause severe disease in humans. High impact respiratory viruses such as pathogenic beta-coronaviruses and influenza viruses, as well as other emerging respiratory viruses, pose an ongoing global health threat to humans. There is a critical need for physiologically relevant, robust and ready to use, in vitro cellular assay platforms to rapidly model the infectivity of emerging respiratory viruses and discover and develop new antiviral treatments. Here, we validate in vitro human alveolar and tracheobronchial tissue equivalents and assess their usefulness as in vitro assay platforms in the context of live SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A virus infections. We establish the cellular complexity of two distinct tracheobronchial and alveolar epithelial air liquid interface (ALI) tissue models, describe SARS-CoV-2 and influenza virus infectivity rates and patterns in these ALI tissues, the viral-induced cytokine production as it relates to tissue-specific disease, and demonstrate the pharmacologically validity of these lung epithelium models as antiviral drug screening assay platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Zarkoob
- 3D Tissue Bioprinting Lab, Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
| | - Anna Allué-Guardia
- Host-Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX
| | - Yu-Chi Chen
- 3D Tissue Bioprinting Lab, Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
| | - Olive Jung
- 3D Tissue Bioprinting Lab, Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
- Biomedical Ultrasonics & Biotherapy Laboratory, Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Headington, UK
| | - Andreu Garcia-Vilanova
- Host-Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX
| | - Min Jae Song
- 3D Tissue Bioprinting Lab, Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
| | - Jun-Gyu Park
- Host-Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX
| | - Fatai Oladunni
- Host-Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX
| | - Jesse Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Yen-Ting Tung
- 3D Tissue Bioprinting Lab, Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
| | - Ivan Kosik
- National Institute for Allergies and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - David Schultz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- High Throughput Screening Core, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Jonathan Yewdell
- National Institute for Allergies and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jordi B. Torrelles
- Host-Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX
| | - Luis Martinez-Sobrido
- Host-Pathogen Interactions and Population Health Programs, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX
| | - Sara Cherry
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
- Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Marc Ferrer
- 3D Tissue Bioprinting Lab, Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
| | - Emily M. Lee
- 3D Tissue Bioprinting Lab, Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD
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17
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Olmo-Fontanez AM, Scordo JM, Garcia-Vilanova A, Maselli-Caceres D, Peters J, Clemens D, Turner J, Schlesinger LS, Torrelles JB. Effect of the elderly human lung mucosa on Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of the alveolar epithelium. The Journal of Immunology 2021. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.206.supp.65.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
As we age, there is an increased risk for developing tuberculosis (TB), a disease caused by the infectious agent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb). M.tb infection results in a bacterial deposition in the lung alveolus, where M.tb is bathed in alveolar lining fluid (ALF). We have published that age-associated changes in human ALF soluble components, such as increased levels of oxidized and dysfunctional innate proteins, accelerate M.tb growth within human alveolar macrophages. We are interested in studying the impact of human ALF on M.tb infection of non-professional phagocytes, such as alveolar epithelial cells (ATs). We hypothesized that M.tb exposure to elderly human ALF (E-ALF) drives increased M.tb replication and growth within ATs due to impairment of E-ALF innate soluble components. We observed that E-ALF exposed M.tb had significantly increased intracellular growth in ATs. Despite changes in intracellular bacterial growth, infected ATs with E-ALF-exposed M.tb did not show altered production of inflammatory mediators or cell activation. Interestingly, M.tb exposure to E-ALF did not alter intracellular trafficking, but it drove bacterial translocation to both endosomal and cytosolic compartments in ATs. Overall, rapid bacterial replication and increased growth within ATs was observed in M.tb exposed to E-ALF, and together with inadequate AT activation, could lead M.tb to potentially exploit the AT cytosol as a favorable intracellular niche for replication. These results emphasize the effects of elderly lung mucosa on M.tb infection of non-professional phagocytes (ATs), which may conceivably explain why the elderly population is more vulnerable to developing active TB disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jay Peters
- 2Univ. of Texas Hlth. Sci. Ctr. San Antonio
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18
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Oladunni FS, Park JG, Pino PA, Gonzalez O, Akhter A, Allué-Guardia A, Olmo-Fontánez A, Gautam S, Garcia-Vilanova A, Ye C, Chiem K, Headley C, Dwivedi V, Parodi LM, Alfson KJ, Staples HM, Schami A, Garcia JI, Whigham A, Platt RN, Gazi M, Martinez J, Chuba C, Earley S, Rodriguez OH, Mdaki SD, Kavelish KN, Escalona R, Hallam CRA, Christie C, Patterson JL, Anderson TJC, Carrion R, Dick EJ, Hall-Ursone S, Schlesinger LS, Alvarez X, Kaushal D, Giavedoni LD, Turner J, Martinez-Sobrido L, Torrelles JB. Lethality of SARS-CoV-2 infection in K18 human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 transgenic mice. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6122. [PMID: 33257679 PMCID: PMC7705712 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19891-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccine and antiviral development against SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 disease would benefit from validated small animal models. Here, we show that transgenic mice expressing human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (hACE2) by the human cytokeratin 18 promoter (K18 hACE2) represent a susceptible rodent model. K18 hACE2 transgenic mice succumbed to SARS-CoV-2 infection by day 6, with virus detected in lung airway epithelium and brain. K18 ACE2 transgenic mice produced a modest TH1/2/17 cytokine storm in the lung and spleen that peaked by day 2, and an extended chemokine storm that was detected in both lungs and brain. This chemokine storm was also detected in the brain at day 6. K18 hACE2 transgenic mice are, therefore, highly susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and represent a suitable animal model for the study of viral pathogenesis, and for identification and characterization of vaccines (prophylactic) and antivirals (therapeutics) for SARS-CoV-2 infection and associated severe COVID-19 disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatai S Oladunni
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Jun-Gyu Park
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Paula A Pino
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Olga Gonzalez
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Anwari Akhter
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | | | - Angélica Olmo-Fontánez
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Shalini Gautam
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | | | - Chengjin Ye
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Kevin Chiem
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Colwyn Headley
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Varun Dwivedi
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Laura M Parodi
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Kendra J Alfson
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Hilary M Staples
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Alyssa Schami
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
- Integrated Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, 78229, USA
| | - Juan I Garcia
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Alison Whigham
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Roy Neal Platt
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Michal Gazi
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Jesse Martinez
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Colin Chuba
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Stephanie Earley
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | | | | | | | - Renee Escalona
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Cory R A Hallam
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Corbett Christie
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Jean L Patterson
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Tim J C Anderson
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Ricardo Carrion
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Edward J Dick
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | | | | | - Xavier Alvarez
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Deepak Kaushal
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Luis D Giavedoni
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA
| | - Joanne Turner
- Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, 78227, USA.
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19
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Garcia-Vilanova A, Chan J, Torrelles JB. Underestimated Manipulative Roles of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Cell Envelope Glycolipids During Infection. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2909. [PMID: 31921168 PMCID: PMC6930167 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell envelope has been evolving over time to make the bacterium transmissible and adaptable to the human host. In this context, the M. tuberculosis cell envelope contains a peripheral barrier full of lipids, some of them unique, which confer M. tuberculosis with a unique shield against the different host environments that the bacterium will encounter at the different stages of infection. This lipid barrier is mainly composed of glycolipids that can be characterized by three different subsets: trehalose-containing, mannose-containing, and 6-deoxy-pyranose-containing glycolipids. In this review, we explore the roles of these cell envelope glycolipids in M. tuberculosis virulence and pathogenesis, drug resistance, and further, how these glycolipids may dictate the M. tuberculosis cell envelope evolution from ancient to modern strains. Finally, we address how these M. tuberculosis cell envelope glycolipids are impacted by the host lung alveolar environment, their role in vaccination and masking host immunity, and subsequently the impact of these glycolipids in shaping how M. tuberculosis interacts with host cells, manipulating their immune response to favor the establishment of an infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreu Garcia-Vilanova
- Population Health Program, TB Group, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
| | - John Chan
- Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), Albert Einstein College of Medicine & Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine & Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, United States
| | - Jordi B Torrelles
- Population Health Program, TB Group, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, United States
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20
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Abstract
The authors present 611 and 262 case histories of patients with breast cancer, studied 5 and 10 years after mastectomy, respectively; 27 clinical and 10 histologic parameters were considered for the statistical evaluation, in order to define an Individualized Prognostic Index (IPI) for breast cancer survivability. The probability of survival was estimated by a Bayesian formula using selected prognostic parameters, these parameters were placed in order of discriminant resolution and, for the calculation of the IPI, were selected according to their importance, as it follows: 5 years after surgery: percent affected nodules, dermal infiltration, TNM phase, Scarff-Bloom index and evolutive outbreak (PEV); 10 years after surgery: TNM phase, dermal infiltration, percent affected nodules and Scarff-Bloom index. The current information considers that out of several parameters, the selected prognostic parameters used for the IPI are sufficient to establish probability tests and a reliable estimation of life expectancy following breast cancer surgery.
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