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Kim SY, Son MK, Park JH, Na HS, Chung J. The Anti-Inflammatory Effect of SDF-1 Derived Peptide on Porphyromonas gingivalis Infection via Regulation of NLRP3 and AIM2 Inflammasome. Pathogens 2024; 13:474. [PMID: 38921772 PMCID: PMC11207117 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13060474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Peptides are appealing as pharmacological materials because they are easily produced, safe, and tolerable. Despite increasing gum-care awareness, periodontitis is still prevalent and is influenced by factors like high sugar consumption, smoking, and aging. Porphyromonas gingivalis is considered a major etiologic agent of periodontitis and activates the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) but is absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) inflammasomes, resulting in pro-inflammatory cytokine release. (2) Methods: We examined the anti-inflammatory effects of 18 peptides derived from human stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) on THP-1 macrophages. Inflammation was induced by P. gingivalis, and the anti-inflammatory effects were analyzed using molecular biological techniques. In a mouse periodontitis model, alveolar bone resorption was assessed using micro-CT. (3) Results: Of the 18 SDF-1-derived peptides, S10 notably reduced IL-1β and TNF-α secretion. S10 also diminished the P. gingivalis-induced expression of NLRP3, AIM2, ASC (apoptosis-associated speck-like protein), caspase-1, and IL-1β. Furthermore, S10 attenuated the enhanced TLR (toll-like receptor) signaling pathway and decreased the phosphorylation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). In addition, S10 mitigated alveolar bone loss in our P. gingivalis-induced mouse model of periodontitis. (4) Conclusions: S10 suppressed TLR/NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome signaling and the AIM2 inflammasome in our P. gingivalis-induced murine periodontitis model, which suggests that it has potential use as a therapeutic treatment for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Yeong Kim
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.K.); (M.K.S.); (J.H.P.); (H.S.N.)
- Oral Genomics Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kee Son
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.K.); (M.K.S.); (J.H.P.); (H.S.N.)
| | - Jung Hwa Park
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.K.); (M.K.S.); (J.H.P.); (H.S.N.)
- Oral Genomics Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sam Na
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.K.); (M.K.S.); (J.H.P.); (H.S.N.)
- Oral Genomics Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
- BK21 PLUS Project, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Chung
- Department of Oral Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; (S.Y.K.); (M.K.S.); (J.H.P.); (H.S.N.)
- Oral Genomics Research Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
- BK21 PLUS Project, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
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2
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Modin C, Rinon CD, Faham A, Gustafsson A, Yucel-Lindberg T, Jansson L. Periodontitis in young individuals: Important factors for disease progression. J Clin Periodontol 2024; 51:74-85. [PMID: 37803906 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the progression of periodontitis in young individuals and identify factors that contribute to progression rate and whether periodontitis stage and grade have an impact on disease progression. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective cohort study was based on patients younger than 36 years at two periodontal clinics between 2003 and 2009. At least 10 years later, a clinical and radiographic examination was performed on 215 patients. The marginal bone loss between baseline and follow-up for the tooth with the most severe bone loss at follow-up was estimated by radiographic measurements. Linear regression analysis was used to investigate the influence of potential risk indicators on periodontitis progression. RESULTS Most patients (83%) were classified as periodontitis stage III at baseline. At follow-up, 70% of these patients remained in stage III. The frequency of patients with grade C decreased from 79% to 17% at follow-up. The median (Q25%; Q75%) of the longitudinal marginal bone loss was 0.5 mm (0.0; 2.0). High bleeding on probing (BOP) index at baseline, smoking and interruption of periodontal treatment were found to significantly increase longitudinal bone loss. CONCLUSIONS High levels of BOP at baseline, smoking and interruption of periodontal treatment increased the risk of marginal bone loss. The stage and grade at baseline had no significant impact on disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Modin
- Department of Periodontology, Folktandvården Stockholms län AB, Folktandvården Eastmaninstitutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Caroline Dolk Rinon
- Department of Periodontology, Folktandvården Stockholms län AB, Folktandvården Eastmaninstitutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ali Faham
- Department of Periodontology, Folktandvården Stockholms län AB, Folktandvården Eastmaninstitutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anders Gustafsson
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Tülay Yucel-Lindberg
- Division of Pediatric Dentistry, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Leif Jansson
- Department of Periodontology, Folktandvården Stockholms län AB, Folktandvården Eastmaninstitutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Division of Periodontology, Department of Dental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
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3
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Khan M, Sharma A, Sharma A, Singh G, Khan S, Ahmad S, Alrashidi AAM, Sherwani S, Mishra H, Alsulimani A. The effect of non-surgical periodontal therapy on salivary IL-6 levels in patients with moderate to severe generalized chronic periodontitis. Ir J Med Sci 2023; 192:2981-2986. [PMID: 36869249 DOI: 10.1007/s11845-023-03325-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gene regulation of IL-6 is characterized by the presence of inflammatory cytokines, bacterial products, viral infection, and activation of the diacylglycerol-, cyclic AMP-, or Ca + + -activated signal transduction pathways. AIM Scaling and root planning (SRP), a non-surgical periodontal therapy, was studied in connection to several clinical parameters for its effect on salivary IL-6 levels in patients with generalized chronic periodontitis. METHODS For this study, a total of 60 GCP patients were included. Plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), pocket probing depth (PPD), bleeding on probing percentage (BOP%), and clinical attachment loss were among the clinical indicators covered (CAL). RESULTS Following SRP, mean IL-6 levels in patients with GCP were significantly higher in the pre-treatment group (2.93 5.17 pg/ml; p 0.05) than in the posttreatment group (5.78 8.26 pg/ml; baseline). Pre- and post-treatment IL-6 levels for PI (pre), BOP percent (pre/post), GI (post), and PPD were found to be positively correlated (post). In patients with GCP, the study showed a statistically significant correlation between periodontal metrics and salivary IL-6. CONCLUSIONS Changes in periodontal indices and IL-6 levels that are statistically significant over time indicate that non-surgical treatment is effective, and IL-6 can be regarded as a potent disease activity marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahvish Khan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Ha'il University, Ha'il, 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anamika Sharma
- Department of Dentistry, LLRM Medical College, CCS University Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Ananya Sharma
- Department of Dentistry, LLRM Medical College, CCS University Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ganesh Singh
- Department of Community Medicine, LLRM Medical College, CCS University Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Saif Khan
- Department of Basic Dental and Medical sciences, College of Dentistry, Ha'il University, Ha'il, 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saheem Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of , Hail, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Subuhi Sherwani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Ha'il University, Ha'il, 2440, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hemlata Mishra
- Kailash Hospital, Sector-27, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ahmad Alsulimani
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, 45142, Saudi Arabia
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Dong Z, Wu L, Hong H. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Oral Inflammatory Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15483. [PMID: 37895162 PMCID: PMC10607498 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral inflammatory diseases (OIDs) include many common diseases such as periodontitis and pulpitis. The causes of OIDs consist microorganism, trauma, occlusal factors, autoimmune dis-eases and radiation therapy. When treated unproperly, such diseases not only affect oral health but also pose threat to people's overall health condition. Therefore, identifying OIDs at an early stage and exploring new therapeutic strategies are important tasks for oral-related research. Mitochondria are crucial organelles for many cellular activities and disruptions of mitochondrial function not only affect cellular metabolism but also indirectly influence people's health and life span. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been implicated in many common polygenic diseases, including cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. Recently, increasing evidence suggests that mitochondrial dysfunction plays a critical role in the development and progression of OIDs and its associated systemic diseases. In this review, we elucidated the critical insights into mitochondrial dysfunction and its involvement in the inflammatory responses in OIDs. We also summarized recent research progresses on the treatment of OIDs targeting mitochondrial dysfunction and discussed the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhili Dong
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; (Z.D.); (L.W.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Liping Wu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; (Z.D.); (L.W.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Hong Hong
- Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China; (Z.D.); (L.W.)
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
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Hung M, Kelly R, Mohajeri A, Reese L, Badawi S, Frost C, Sevathas T, Lipsky MS. Factors Associated with Periodontitis in Younger Individuals: A Scoping Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6442. [PMID: 37892578 PMCID: PMC10607667 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12206442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a disease that affects many young adults, and if left untreated, it can have lasting and permanent effects on an individual's oral health. The purpose of this scoping review was to review the recent literature to identify factors that place young individuals at risk of stage II or III periodontitis. Using the PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews, three databases were systematically searched for peer-reviewed human studies published in English that investigated risk factors associated with stage II and/or III periodontitis in individuals less than 40 years of age. This review excluded abstracts, literature reviews, including narrative, scoping, and systematic reviews and meta-analyses, conference proceedings, letters to the editor, and editorials. The authors then extracted data from the relevant studies using a predefined form to summarize the aims, design, results, risk factors examined, and the type and severity of periodontitis. Among a total of 2676 articles screened, only three articles met the review's inclusion criteria. Of these articles, one was a longitudinal case-control study and two were cross-sectional studies. Identified risk factors associated with stage II or III periodontitis included self-reported bleeding when brushing, low bone mineral density, being overweight, and smoking in young adults. Of note, only three studies met the inclusion criteria, suggesting a gap in the research literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Hung
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT 84095, USA
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Operations, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
- George E. Wahlen Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84148, USA
| | - Roah Kelly
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT 84095, USA
| | - Amir Mohajeri
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT 84095, USA
| | - Logan Reese
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT 84095, USA
| | - Sarah Badawi
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT 84095, USA
| | - Cole Frost
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT 84095, USA
| | - Taroniar Sevathas
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT 84095, USA
| | - Martin S. Lipsky
- College of Dental Medicine, Roseman University of Health Sciences, South Jordan, UT 84095, USA
- Institute on Aging, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA
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Groenewegen H, Delli K, Vissink A, Spijkervet FKL, Bierman WFW. Immune markers and microbial factors are related with periodontitis severity in people with HIV. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:1255-1263. [PMID: 36316604 PMCID: PMC9985580 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04758-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of the study is to assess systemic immune markers and microbial factors related to periodontitis severity in people living with HIV. METHODS Eighty people living with HIV (PLWH), who exhibited in the last two viral load measurements < 40 copies/mL, underwent full-mouth periodontal examinations and sub-gingival plaque sampling. Periodontitis was classified according to the CDC-AAP case definition. Inflammation, immune-activation, and immunosenescence markers were assessed, microbiological analyses were performed, and oral care routines and HIV characteristics were noted. RESULTS From our group of PLWH, 42.5% and 57.5% suffered from moderate and severe periodontitis, respectively. Oral care habits did not differ between PLWH with moderate and severe periodontitis. Bacterial subgingival plaque loads were higher, and Porphyromonas gingivalis was more prevalent in PLWH with severe periodontitis than with moderate periodontitis (53% vs 7%, respectively). Mean C-reactive protein levels [CRP, 1.6 mg/L versus 0.8 mg/L, p = 0.020] and percentages of senescent CD28-CD57 + CD8 + T-cells in peripheral blood [16.5 versus 8.9, p = 0.035] were higher with severe periodontitis. Infection duration, CD4 count, CD4/CD8 ratio and type of antiretroviral therapy did not differ between both groups. CONCLUSIONS Periodontitis severity is related to increased prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, elevated CRP levels, and higher frequencies of circulating CD8 + senescent cells in PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hester Groenewegen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Konstantina Delli
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Arjan Vissink
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Frederik K L Spijkervet
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Wouter F W Bierman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Groningen and University Medical Center Groningen, P.O. Box 30.001, 9700 RB, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Ohshima H, Mishima K. Oral biosciences: The annual review 2022. J Oral Biosci 2023; 65:1-12. [PMID: 36740188 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2023.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Journal of Oral Biosciences is devoted to advancing and disseminating fundamental knowledge concerning every aspect of oral biosciences. HIGHLIGHT This review features review articles in the fields of "Bone Cell Biology," "Tooth Development & Regeneration," "Tooth Bleaching," "Adipokines," "Milk Thistle," "Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition," "Periodontitis," "Diagnosis," "Salivary Glands," "Tooth Root," "Exosome," "New Perspectives of Tooth Identification," "Dental Pulp," and "Saliva" in addition to the review articles by the winner of the "Lion Dental Research Award" ("Plastic changes in nociceptive pathways contributing to persistent orofacial pain") presented by the Japanese Association for Oral Biology. CONCLUSION The review articles in the Journal of Oral Biosciences have inspired its readers to broaden their knowledge about various aspects of oral biosciences. The current editorial review introduces these exciting review articles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayato Ohshima
- Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8514, Japan.
| | - Kenji Mishima
- Division of Pathology, Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Showa University School of Dentistry, 1-5-8, Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
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8
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Filgueiras LV, Konflanz W, Haas AN, Celeste RK. Assessment of the contextual effects on the prevalence of periodontitis: a systematic review. Braz Oral Res 2023; 36:e0125. [PMID: 36651384 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2022.vol36.0125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This study reviews the influence of contextual factors on periodontitis based on a systematic search of studies recorded in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and EMBASE databases. Periodontitis was assessed by clinical attachment loss and probing depth for studies with data on the socioeconomic status (SES) of a specific area (area-level SES) or dental care service (service-level) in a catchment area among individuals aged 18 and over. Two independent reviewers performed study selection, data extraction, and assessment of methodological quality. Of the 646 articles identified, 13 were included in the systematic review, representing 101,362 individuals from five countries (USA, UK, Brazil, China, and Uruguay). A higher prevalence of periodontitis was described in lower SES neighborhoods, more deprived postcodes, and poorer provinces. Gini Index results were mixed and inconclusive. Three studies showed that higher coverage of primary dental care at the municipal level was associated with a lower prevalence of periodontitis. Contextual factors at the area-level SES and dental care service might influence periodontitis, but the existing evidence is unclear. The contextual effect is important for periodontal health and may contribute to the prevalence of periodontitis, independent of well-known risk factors and individual levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Vilar Filgueiras
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Willian Konflanz
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Department of Periodontology, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alex Nogueira Haas
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Department of Periodontology, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Roger Keller Celeste
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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9
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Filgueiras LV, Cabreira FDS, Pilotto LM, Celeste RK. Association between socioeconomic contextual factor, dental care service availability, and prevalence of periodontitis in Brazil: a multilevel analysis. CAD SAUDE PUBLICA 2023; 39:e00201522. [PMID: 37132717 DOI: 10.1590/0102-311xen201522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the effect of dental care services on periodontitis cases in Brazilian municipalities. The sample comprised 3,426 individuals aged 35-44 years. Moderate to severe periodontitis with clinical attachment loss and probing depth was the dependent variable, both > 3mm. Its exploratory variables were grouped into four categories: (1) individual characteristics; (2) contextual development indicators; (3) health service and structural factors; and (4) dental care use. Data were collected using the SBBrasil 2010 Project, the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, the Brazilian Information System of Primary and Secondary Care, and the Program to Improve Access and Quality of Dental Specialization Centers (PMAQ-CEO). Multilevel logistic regression was used to assess associations of periodontitis with individual and context variables. Municipalities with > 1 CEO or > 1 of any centers were associated with periodontitis, with OR = 0.97 (95%CI: 0.55-1.71) and OR = 0.41 (95%CI: 0.17-0.97), respectively. Prevalence of periodontitis was more likely in older people, lower education levels, and individuals that sought dental visits for pain/extraction and periodontal treatment. Other dental care services availability were not associated with the prevalence of periodontitis.
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Newman KL, Kamada N. Pathogenic associations between oral and gastrointestinal diseases. Trends Mol Med 2022; 28:1030-1039. [PMID: 35691866 PMCID: PMC9691515 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2022.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Both periodontitis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are complex chronic conditions characterized by aberrant host immune response and dysregulated microbiota. Emerging data show an association between periodontitis and IBD, including direct and indirect mechanistic links between oral and intestinal inflammation. Direct pathways include translocation of proinflammatory microbes from the oral cavity to the gut and immune priming. Indirect pathways involve systemic immune activation with possible nonspecific effects on the gut. There are limited data on the effects of periodontal disease treatment on IBD course and vice versa, but early reports suggest that treatment of periodontitis decreases systemic immune activation and that treatment of IBD is associated with periodontitis healing, underscoring the importance of recognizing and treating both conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kira L Newman
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Nobuhiko Kamada
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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11
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Bhuyan R, Bhuyan SK, Mohanty JN, Das S, Juliana N, Abu IF. Periodontitis and Its Inflammatory Changes Linked to Various Systemic Diseases: A Review of Its Underlying Mechanisms. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102659. [PMID: 36289921 PMCID: PMC9599402 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the gums. The incidence of periodontitis is increasing all over the world. In patients with periodontitis, there is gradual destruction of the periodontal ligament and the alveolar bone, and later, in advanced stages, there is tooth loss. Different microorganisms, the host’s immune response, and various environmental factors interact in the progression of this chronic inflammatory disease. In the present review, we discuss the epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis, and complications of periodontitis. We also discuss the association of chronic inflammation found in periodontitis with various other systemic diseases, which include cardiovascular, respiratory, diabetes, Alzheimer’s, cancer, adverse pregnancy, and multiple myeloma, and also highlight microbial carcinogenesis and the microRNAs involved. The latest updates on the molecular mechanism, possible biomarkers, and treatment procedures may be beneficial for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Bhuyan
- Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, IMS and SUM Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University (Deemed to be), Bhubaneswar 751003, India
- Department of Medical Research, IMS and SUM Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University (Deemed to be), Bhubaneswar 751003, India
| | - Sanat Kumar Bhuyan
- Institute of Dental Sciences, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University (Deemed to be), Bhubaneswar 751003, India
| | - Jatindra Nath Mohanty
- Department of Medical Research, IMS and SUM Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University (Deemed to be), Bhubaneswar 751003, India
| | - Srijit Das
- School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Jatni, Bhubaneswar 752050, India
- Correspondence:
| | - Norsham Juliana
- Department of Human and Clinical Anatomy, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat 123, Oman
| | - Izuddin Fahmy Abu
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
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12
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Lektemur Alpan A, Çalışır M. The Effect of Two Different Doses of Astaxanthin on Alveolar Bone Loss in an Experimental Model of Periodontitis in Diabetic Rats. J Vet Dent 2022; 39:224-233. [PMID: 35422169 DOI: 10.1177/08987564221093736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of astaxanthin (ASX) on alveolar bone loss, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) activity in ligature-induced periodontitis in diabetic rats. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was induced with 50 mg/kg intraperitoneal streptozotocin in 40 male Wistar rats. The Wistar rats were divided into six experimental groups: non-ligated (NL; n = 6); ligature only (L; n = 6); DM only (D; n = 6); DM + ligature (DP; n = 6); DM + ligature + 1 mg/kg/day ASX (ASX 1 group; n = 8); and DM + ligature + astaxanthin 5 mg/kg/day ASX (ASX 5 group; n = 8). Silk ligatures were placed along the gingival margin of the left mandibular first molar tooth. The study duration was 11 days, after which the animals were euthanised. Changes in alveolar bone levels were clinically measured, and RANKL and OPG activities were immunohistochemically examined. Alveolar bone loss was the most significant in the DP group (p < 0.05). Decreased alveolar bone loss was observed in the ASX 5 group (p < 0.05). Although RANKL activity was highest in the DP group, it was observed at lower levels in the groups to which ASX was administered. OPG activity did not differ between groups (p > 0.05). The results of this study suggested that 1 and 5 mg/kg ASX administration reduced RANKL activity and alveolar bone loss in rats with experimentally induced periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysan Lektemur Alpan
- Faculty of Dentistry Department of Periodontology, 52990Pamukkale University, Kınıklı Kampusu, Denizli, Turkey
| | - Metin Çalışır
- Faculty of Dentistry Department of Periodontology, 162296Adıyaman University, Adıyaman, Turkey
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13
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Update on the Accuracy of Conventional and Digital Full-Arch Impressions of Partially Edentulous and Fully Dentate Jaws in Young and Elderly Subjects: A Clinical Trial. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11133723. [PMID: 35807008 PMCID: PMC9267135 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11133723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To update the available literature on the accuracy of conventional and digital full-arch impressions using the latest hardware and software, participants of different age groups and dental status were investigated. An established reference aid-based method was applied to analyze five intraoral scanners (IOS) CS 3800 (CS), iTero Element 5D (IT), Medit i700 (ME), Primescan (PS), and Trios 4 (TR), and one conventional polyether impression (CVI). Forty-five participants were classified into three groups: Age 27.3 ± 2.7 years fully dentate, 60.6 ± 8.1 years fully dentate, and 65.7 ± 6.2 years partially edentulous. The IOS datasets were investigated using three-dimensional software (GOM Inspect), and plaster casts of CVI were analyzed using a co-ordinate measurement machine. The deviations of the reference aid to impressions were determined. No significant differences in age between the three groups were observed by the IOS in terms of trueness (p < 0.05). These findings were confirmed for precision, except for TR. In contrast to CS (mean ± standard deviation 98.9 ± 62.1 µm) and IT (89.0 ± 91.0 µm), TR (58.3 ± 66.8 µm), ME (57.9 ± 66.7 µm), and PS (55.5 ± 48.7 µm) did not show significant differences than those of CVI (34.8 ± 29.6 µm) in overall view. Within the study, the latest IOSs still showed limitations in the accuracy of full-arch impressions. However, they seemed to be unaffected by age and fully dentate or partially edentulous dentitions with small gaps.
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Analysis of adult dental emergencies at a medical center in southern Taiwan. J Dent Sci 2022; 17:1314-1320. [PMID: 35784161 PMCID: PMC9236923 DOI: 10.1016/j.jds.2022.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/purpose Materials and methods Results Conclusion
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15
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Immunopathogenesis and distinct role of Th17 in Periodontitis: A review. J Oral Biosci 2022; 64:193-201. [PMID: 35489583 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Periodontitis is a multifactorial inflammatory disease mediated by the host immune response to dental plaque. Periodontitis is characterized by periodontal bone loss and loss of tooth support. Several studies have corroborated the infiltration of T lymphocytes in periodontitis and correlated the infiltration with chronic inflammation in a dysregulated T cell-mediated immune response. The complexity of the disease has prompted multiple studies aiming to understand T cell-mediated pathogenesis. HIGHLIGHT Recent findings have demonstrated the pivotal role of helper T cells in many autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, which has been conventionally correlated with periodontal bone loss. In contrast, the roles of helper T subsets, Th1, Th2, and particularly Th17, have not been explored. Th17-mediated pathogenesis is a significant aspect of the progression and therapy of periodontitis. CONCLUSION In this review, we highlight the complex role of Th17 in the underlying pro-inflammatory cascades mediated by a repertoire of Th17-released molecules and their role in aggravated inflammation in periodontitis. We also summarize recent therapeutics targeting Th17 and related molecules, primarily to ameliorate inflammation and maintain periodontal care.
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Novel Adhesive Nanocarriers Based on Mussel-Inspired Polyglycerols for the Application onto Mucosal Tissues. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14050940. [PMID: 35631526 PMCID: PMC9144514 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14050940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
A synthetic route for adhesive core-multishell (CMS) nanocarriers for application to the oral mucosa was established using mussel-inspired catechol moieties. The three CMS nanocarriers with 8%, 13%, and 20% catechol functionalization were evaluated for loading capacity using Nile red, showing an overall loading of 1 wt%. The ability of Nile red loaded and functionalized nanocarriers to bind to a moist mucosal surface was tested in two complementary adhesion assays under static and dynamic conditions using monolayers of differentiated gingival keratinocytes. Adhesion properties of functionalized nanocarriers were compared to the adhesion of the non-functionalized nanocarrier. In both assays, the CMS nanocarrier functionalized with 8% catechol exhibited the strongest adhesion compared to its catechol-free counterpart and the CMS nanocarriers functionalized with 13% and 20% catechol.
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Bartold PM, Ivanovski S. P4 Medicine as a model for precision periodontal care. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:5517-5533. [PMID: 35344104 PMCID: PMC9474478 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04469-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Objectives P4 Medicine is based on a proactive approach for clinical patient care incorporating the four “pillars” of prediction, prevention, personalization, and participation for patient management. The purpose of this review is to demonstrate how the concepts of P4 medicine can be incorporated into the management of periodontal diseases (particularly periodontitis) termed P4 periodontics. Methods This is a narrative review that used current literature to explore how P4 periodontics can be aligned with the 2018 Classification of Periodontal Diseases, current periodontal treatment paradigms, and periodontal regenerative technologies. Results The proposed model of P4 periodontics is highly aligned with the 2018 Classification of Periodontal Diseases and represents a logical extension of this classification into treatment paradigms. Each stage of periodontitis can be related to a holistic approach to clinical management. The role of “big data” in future P4 periodontics is discussed and the concepts of a treat-to-target focus for treatment outcomes are proposed as part of personalized periodontics. Personalized regenerative and rejuvenative periodontal therapies will refocus our thinking from risk management to regenerative solutions to manage the effects of disease and aging. Conclusions P4 Periodontics allows us to focus not only on early prevention and intervention but also allow for personalized late-stage reversal of the disease trajectory and the use of personalized regenerative procedures to reconstruct damaged tissues and restore them to health. Clinical Significance P4 Periodontics is a novel means of viewing a holistic, integrative, and proactive approach to periodontal treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mark Bartold
- University of Queensland, 1 Milton Avenue, Beaumont, South Australia, 5066, Australia.
| | - Sašo Ivanovski
- University of Queensland, 1 Milton Avenue, Beaumont, South Australia, 5066, Australia
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PLA Nanofibers for Microenvironmental-Responsive Quercetin Release in Local Periodontal Treatment. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072205. [PMID: 35408602 PMCID: PMC9000246 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The management of periodontitis remains a vital clinical challenge due to the interplay between the microorganisms of the dental biofilm and the host inflammatory response leading to a degenerative process in the surrounding tissues. Quercetin (QUE), a natural flavonol found in many foods, including apples, onions and tea, has exhibited prolonged and strong antibiofilm and anti-inflammatory effects both in vitro and in vivo. However, its clinical application is limited by its poor stability and water solubility, as well as its low bioavailability. Thus, in the present study, electrospun polylactic acid (PLA) nanofibers loaded with different amounts (5−10% w/w) of QUE were produced to rapidly respond to the acidic microenvironment typical of periodontal pockets during periodontal disease. This strategy demonstrated that PLA-QUE membranes can act as a drug reservoir releasing high QUE concentrations in the presence of oral bacterial infection (pH < 5.5), and thus limiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and Streptococcus mutans biofilm maturation. In addition, released QUE exerts antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects on P. gingivalis Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human gingival fibroblast (HGFs). The reported results confirmed that PLA-QUE membranes could inhibit subgingival biofilm maturation while reducing interleukin release, thereby limiting host inflammatory response. Overall, this study provided an effective pH-sensitive drug delivery system as a promising strategy for treating periodontitis.
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Yu B, Wang CY. Osteoporosis and periodontal diseases - An update on their association and mechanistic links. Periodontol 2000 2022; 89:99-113. [PMID: 35244945 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis and osteoporosis are prevalent inflammation-associated skeletal disorders that pose significant public health challenges to our aging population. Both periodontitis and osteoporosis are bone disorders closely associated with inflammation and aging. There has been consistent intrigue on whether a systemic skeletal disease such as osteoporosis will amplify the alveolar bone loss in periodontitis. A survey of the literature published in the past 25 years indicates that systemic low bone mineral density (BMD) is associated with alveolar bone loss, while recent evidence also suggests a correlation between clinical attachment loss and other parameters of periodontitis. Inflammation and its influence on bone remodeling play critical roles in the pathogenesis of both osteoporosis and periodontitis and could serve as the central mechanistic link between these disorders. Enhanced cytokine production and elevated inflammatory response exacerbate osteoclastic bone resorption while inhibiting osteoblastic bone formation, resulting in a net bone loss. With aging, accumulation of oxidative stress and cellular senescence drive the progression of osteoporosis and exacerbation of periodontitis. Vitamin D deficiency and smoking are shared risk factors and may mediate the connection between osteoporosis and periodontitis, through increasing oxidative stress and impairing host response to inflammation. With the connection between systemic and localized bone loss in mind, routine dental exams and intraoral radiographs may serve as a low-cost screening tool for low systemic BMD and increased fracture risk. Conversely, patients with fracture risk beyond the intervention threshold are at greater risk for developing severe periodontitis and undergo tooth loss. Various Food and Drug Administration-approved therapies for osteoporosis have shown promising results for treating periodontitis. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying their connection sheds light on potential therapeutic strategies that may facilitate co-management of systemic and localized bone loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yu
- Division of Regenerative and Constitutive Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Cun-Yu Wang
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science, Broad Stem Cell Research Center and Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
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20
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Tavakoli TT, Gholami F, Huang H, Gonçalves PF, Villasante-Tezanos A, Aukhil I, de Oliveira RCG, Hovencamp N, Wallet S, Ioannidou E, Shaddox LM. Gender differences in immunological response of African-American juveniles with Grade C molar incisor pattern periodontitis. J Periodontol 2022; 93:392-402. [PMID: 34173226 PMCID: PMC8709874 DOI: 10.1002/jper.21-0143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prevalence of Grade C molar incisor periodontitis (C/MIP) in females (F) and males (M) is controversial, although some studies suggest higher prevalence in females. The objective of this study was to evaluate differences in clinical parameters, and levels of cyto/chemokines in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and peripheral blood response. METHODS GCF and blood were collected from 79 C/MIP African-American participants (53F and 26 M) and healthy controls (58F and 38 M), aged 5 to 23. Blood was stimulated with ultrapure LPS from Escherichia coli (Ec) and Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and we quantified levels of 14 cyto/chemokines. Clinical parameters were collected before and 12 months following treatment RESULTS: No clinical parameters or age differences were found between males and females, although age was negatively correlated with response to treatment. GCF levels of TNFα, IFNγ, MIP1α, and MCP1 from diseased and sites and healthy sites IFNγ levels were higher in M (P < 0.05). C/MIP females presented higher Pg and Ec LPS induced levels of Eotaxin, IFNγ, and GMCSF (P < 0.05), whereas healthy males presented higher Ec LPS induced levels of Eotaxin and IFNγ (P < 0.05). Inflammatory profiles were also different among genders in disease (P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS Although males seemed to present few elevated inflammatory markers in the GCF in disease and in health, females presented an elevated systemic inflammatory response to LPS in disease, which indicates a possible differential susceptibility to inflammation. Future studies need to determine if sex hormones have a role in the peripheral host response and in the pathogenesis of C/MIP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hong Huang
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Patricia Furtado Gonçalves
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Jequitinhonha and Mucuri Valleys, Diamantina, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Alejandro Villasante-Tezanos
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Population Health, Office of Biostatistics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - Ikramuddin Aukhil
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Rubelisa C. G. de Oliveira
- Division of Periodontology and Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
| | - Niki Hovencamp
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Shannon Wallet
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Division of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, University of North Carolina Adams School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Effthmia Ioannidou
- Division of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, University of North Carolina Adams School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.,Department of Periodontology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Luciana M. Shaddox
- Department of Periodontology, University of Florida College of Dentistry, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Division of Periodontology and Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
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21
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Beydoun MA, Beydoun HA, Weiss J, Hossain S, El-Hajj ZW, Zonderman AB. Helicobacter pylori, periodontal pathogens, and their interactive association with incident all-cause and Alzheimer's disease dementia in a large national survey. Mol Psychiatry 2021; 26:6038-6053. [PMID: 32366948 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-020-0736-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Co-infection between Helicobacter pylori (Hp) and groups of periodontal pathogens may alter the onset of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and all-cause dementia. We examined the interactive associations among Hp sero-positivity, periodontal disease (Pd), and infections with incident AD and all-cause dementia, among older adults (≥65 years at baseline). Up to 1431 participants from phase 1 of the National Health and Nutrition Survey III (1988-1991) had complete data till January 1st, 2014 on Hp sero-positivity with a mean follow-up of 10-11 years for AD and all-cause dementia incidence. Exposures consisted of 19 periodontal pathogens, constructed factors and clusters, and two Pd markers- probing depth and clinical attachment loss (CAL). Cox proportional hazards models were performed. Around 55% of the selected sample was Hp+. We found that Prevotella intermedia, Campylobacter Rectus, Factor 2 (Pi/Prevotella nigrescens/Prevotella melaninogenica), and the Orange-Red cluster interacted synergistically with Hp sero-positivity, particularly with respect to AD incidence. The presence of higher levels of Actinomyces Naeslundii (An) enhanced the effect of being Hp+ on both AD and all-cause dementia incidence. In contrast, Fusobacterim nucleatum (Fn), and Factor 1 (which included Fn), exhibited an antagonistic interaction with Hp in relation to all-cause dementia. Both probing depth and CAL had direct associations with all-cause dementia among Hp+ individuals, despite nonsignificant interaction. Selected periodontal pathogen titers, factors, and clusters interacted mostly synergistically, with Hp sero-positivity, to alter the risk of AD and all-cause dementia. Ultimately, a randomized controlled trial is needed, examining effects of co-eradication of Hp and select periodontal pathogens on neurodegenerative disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- May A Beydoun
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institutes on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | | | - Jordan Weiss
- Population Studies Center and the Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sharmin Hossain
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institutes on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Alan B Zonderman
- Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institutes on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, Baltimore, MD, USA
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22
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Altabtbaei K, Maney P, Ganesan SM, Dabdoub SM, Nagaraja HN, Kumar PS. Anna Karenina and the subgingival microbiome associated with periodontitis. MICROBIOME 2021; 9:97. [PMID: 33941275 PMCID: PMC8091542 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01056-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although localized aggressive periodontitis (LAP), generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAP), and chronic periodontitis (CP) are microbially driven diseases, our inability to separate disease-specific associations from those common to all three forms of periodontitis has hampered biomarker discovery. Therefore, we aimed to map the genomic content of, and the biological pathways encoded by, the microbiomes associated with these clinical phenotypes. We also estimated the extent to which these biomes are governed by the Anna Karenina principle (AKP), which states that eubiotic communities are similar between individuals while disease-associated communities are highly individualized. METHODS We collected subgingival plaque from 25 periodontally healthy individuals and diseased sites of 59 subjects with stage 3 periodontitis and used shotgun metagenomics to characterize the aggregate of bacterial genes. RESULTS Beta-dispersion metrics demonstrated that AKP was most evident in CP, followed by GAP and LAP. We discovered broad dysbiotic signatures spanning the three phenotypes, with over-representation of pathways that facilitate life in an oxygen-poor, protein- and heme-rich, pro-oxidant environment and enhance capacity for attachment and biofilm formation. Phenotype-specific indicators were more readily evident in LAP microbiome than GAP or CP. Genes that enable acetate-scavenging lifestyle, utilization of alternative nutritional sources, oxidative and nitrosative stress responses, and siderophore production were unique to LAP. An attenuation of virulence-related functionalities and stress response from LAP to GAP to CP was apparent. We also discovered that clinical phenotypes of disease resolved variance in the microbiome with greater clarity than the newly established grading system. Importantly, we observed that one third of the metagenome of LAP is unique to this phenotype while GAP shares significant functional and taxonomic features with both LAP and CP, suggesting either attenuation of an aggressive disease or an early-onset chronic disease. CONCLUSION Within the limitations of a small sample size and a cross-sectional study design, the distinctive features of the microbiomes associated with LAP and CP strongly persuade us that these are discrete disease entities, while calling into question whether GAP is a separate disease, or an artifact induced by cross-sectional study designs. Further studies on phenotype-specific microbial genes are warranted to explicate their role in disease etiology. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Altabtbaei
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, 3180 Postle Hall, 305 W 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- Present address: Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, 5-508 Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Pooja Maney
- Department of Periodontics, Louisiana State University School of Dentistry, 1100 Florida Ave., Rm. 3111, New Orleans, LA 70119 USA
| | - Sukirth M. Ganesan
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, 3180 Postle Hall, 305 W 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- Present address: Department of Periodontics, The University of Iowa School of Dentistry, 311 Dental Science Building N, Iowa City, IA 52242-1010 USA
| | - Shareef M. Dabdoub
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, 3180 Postle Hall, 305 W 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Haikady N. Nagaraja
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, 400-C Cunz Hall, 1841 Neil Ave., Columbus, OH 43210 USA
| | - Purnima S. Kumar
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, 3180 Postle Hall, 305 W 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, James Cancer Institute, The Ohio State University, 4111 Postle Hall, 305 W 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210 USA
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Sánchez MC, Alonso-Español A, Ribeiro-Vidal H, Alonso B, Herrera D, Sanz M. Relevance of Biofilm Models in Periodontal Research: From Static to Dynamic Systems. Microorganisms 2021; 9:428. [PMID: 33669562 PMCID: PMC7922797 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9020428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Microbial biofilm modeling has improved in sophistication and scope, although only a limited number of standardized protocols are available. This review presents an example of a biofilm model, along with its evolution and application in studying periodontal and peri-implant diseases. In 2011, the ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) research group at the University Complutense of Madrid developed an in vitro biofilm static model using representative bacteria from the subgingival microbiota, demonstrating a pattern of bacterial colonization and maturation similar to in vivo subgingival biofilms. When the model and its methodology were standardized, the ETEP research group employed the validated in vitro biofilm model for testing in different applications. The evolution of this model is described in this manuscript, from the mere observation of biofilm growth and maturation on static models on hydroxyapatite or titanium discs, to the evaluation of the impact of dental implant surface composition and micro-structure using the dynamic biofilm model. This evolution was based on reproducing the ideal microenvironmental conditions for bacterial growth within a bioreactor and reaching the target surfaces using the fluid dynamics mimicking the salivary flow. The development of this relevant biofilm model has become a powerful tool to study the essential processes that regulate the formation and maturation of these important microbial communities, as well as their behavior when exposed to different antimicrobial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Carmen Sánchez
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.S.); (A.A.-E.); (H.R.-V.); (B.A.); (D.H.)
- Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University Complutense of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Andrea Alonso-Español
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.S.); (A.A.-E.); (H.R.-V.); (B.A.); (D.H.)
| | - Honorato Ribeiro-Vidal
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.S.); (A.A.-E.); (H.R.-V.); (B.A.); (D.H.)
| | - Bettina Alonso
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.S.); (A.A.-E.); (H.R.-V.); (B.A.); (D.H.)
| | - David Herrera
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.S.); (A.A.-E.); (H.R.-V.); (B.A.); (D.H.)
| | - Mariano Sanz
- ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-Implant Diseases) Research Group, University Complutense of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (M.C.S.); (A.A.-E.); (H.R.-V.); (B.A.); (D.H.)
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Suwanprasit W, Lertpimonchai A, Thienpramuk L, Vathesatogkit P, Sritara P, Tamsailom S. Metabolic syndrome and severe periodontitis were associated in Thai adults: A cross-sectional study. J Periodontol 2021; 92:1420-1429. [PMID: 33590483 DOI: 10.1002/jper.20-0651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies support the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and periodontitis. However, age is the major confounding factor for both conditions. Therefore, this cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the relationship between MetS and severe periodontitis in different Thai adult age groups. METHODS Data on the medical history, medical examination, and full mouth oral examination of 5,690 Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand employees aged 25 to 77 years were collected. The prevalence ratio (PR) between risk variables, MetS, and periodontitis was determined using Poisson regression analysis. Moreover, the subgroup analysis and effect modification by age on severe periodontitis were performed. RESULTS Overall, MetS was significantly associated with severe periodontitis compared with non-severe periodontitis (adjusted PR, 1.11; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.01 to 1.13). The association was modified by age, with negative effect modification observed on the multiplicative and additive scales. The subgroup analysis revealed a significant relationship between MetS and severe periodontitis only in participants aged <45 years with an adjusted PR of 1.69 (95% CI, 1.29 to 2.21). All MetS components, except hypertension, were associated with severe periodontitis in this group. CONCLUSIONS There is a significant relationship between MetS and severe periodontitis in adults aged <45 years. Therefore, attempts to control the risk of MetS and periodontitis should be emphasized for early adults to reduce the incidence of these conditions and related complications when they become elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winita Suwanprasit
- Department of Periodontology, Center of Excellent in Periodontal Disease and Dental Implant, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Attawood Lertpimonchai
- Department of Periodontology, Center of Excellent in Periodontal Disease and Dental Implant, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Lalitsara Thienpramuk
- Health Division, Medical and Health Department, Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand, Nonthaburi, Thailand
| | - Prin Vathesatogkit
- Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Piyamitr Sritara
- Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suphot Tamsailom
- Department of Periodontology, Center of Excellent in Periodontal Disease and Dental Implant, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
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25
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Kozak M, Dabrowska-Zamojcin E, Mazurek-Mochol M, Pawlik A. Cytokines and Their Genetic Polymorphisms Related to Periodontal Disease. J Clin Med 2020; 9:E4045. [PMID: 33327639 PMCID: PMC7765090 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9124045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease (PD) is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by the accumulation of bacterial plaque biofilm on the teeth and the host immune responses. PD pathogenesis is complex and includes genetic, environmental, and autoimmune factors. Numerous studies have suggested that the connection of genetic and environmental factors induces the disease process leading to a response by both T cells and B cells and the increased synthesis of pro-inflammatory mediators such as cytokines. Many studies have shown that pro-inflammatory cytokines play a significant role in the pathogenesis of PD. The studies have also indicated that single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in cytokine genes may be associated with risk and severity of PD. In this narrative review, we discuss the role of selected cytokines and their gene polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kozak
- Chair and Department of Dental Prosthetics, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Ewa Dabrowska-Zamojcin
- Department of Pharmacology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Mazurek-Mochol
- Department of Periodontology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Powstańców Wlkp 72, 70-111 Szczecin, Poland
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26
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Lee YH, Auh QS, Chun YH, An JS. Age-related radiomorphometric changes on panoramic radiographs. Clin Exp Dent Res 2020; 7:539-551. [PMID: 33305888 PMCID: PMC8404498 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives We aimed to analyse age‐related anatomical changes in teeth and mandibular structures using panoramic radiographs. Materials and Methods We included 471 subjects aged 13–70 years (mean, 35.12 ± 18.72 years). Panoramic radiographs were used to record intraoral condition and radiomorphometric parameters. After grouping the subjects by age decade, descriptive statistics and analysis of variance were performed to assess age‐related patterns. Results The number of missing teeth, endodontically treated teeth, full veneer crowns, and implant prosthesis increased with age (all p < .05). The prevalence of periodontitis significantly increased after the 40s and was the highest in the 60s (57.1%). The maxillary canine root was the longest in the 10s and 20s (p < .001). With age, the mandibular canal and mental foramen moved towards the alveolar bone crest, on the opposite side of the mandibular inferior border. The pulp area and pulp‐to‐tooth ratio of maxillary/mandibular first molars were significantly higher in the 10s and 20s than in other age groups (all p < .05). Conclusions We provided comprehensive information on age‐related anatomical changes in teeth and mandibular structures based on panoramic radiographs. Various radiographic parameters showed specific changes with increasing age. Assessing these age‐related changes can be useful in determining an individual's age, and may aid in medico‐legal and forensic judgments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeon-Hee Lee
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Q-Schick Auh
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yang-Hyun Chun
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine, Kyung Hee University Dental Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Sub An
- Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University Dental Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
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27
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Kalala-Kazadi E, Toma S, Lasserre JF, Nyimi-Bushabu F, Ntumba-Mulumba H, Brecx MC. Clinical and Microbiological Profiles of Aggressive and Chronic Periodontitis in Congolese Patients: A Cross-sectional Study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2020; 10:491-497. [PMID: 33042892 PMCID: PMC7523938 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_501_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Chronic and aggressive periodontitis were the main forms of periodontitis according to the 1999 classification of periodontal diseases and conditions. Their profile in Congolese patients is still undescribed. Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the profile of chronic periodontitis (ChP) with that of aggressive periodontitis (AgP) in Congolese patients. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two patients with ChP and 20 with AgP who consulted the dental services at any of the four medical centers in Kinshasa, from April 2017 to April 2018, were enrolled in the cross-sectional study. All patients underwent a full mouth examination, including assessment of the probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level at six sites per tooth. Microbial samples were collected in the deepest pocket in the maxilla and the deepest pocket in the mandible. A deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analysis was performed using DNA strip technology. Fisher exact test, the chi-square test, the t test, and the Mann–Whitney test were used for the statistical analysis. Results: Patients with AgP were significantly younger than those with ChP (P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the prevalence of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, Treponema denticola, or Prevotella intermedia between the AgP and ChP groups (P > 0.05). Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was detected in 10% of cases in the AgP group and in none of those in the ChP group (P = 0.143). Conclusion: This study shows that the clinical profiles of ChP and AgP are similar in Congolese patients. There were no microbiological differences between these two forms of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Em Kalala-Kazadi
- Periodontology Unit, Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Selena Toma
- Department of Periodontology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jérôme F Lasserre
- Department of Periodontology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Fidèle Nyimi-Bushabu
- Oral and maxillo-facial surgery, Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Hubert Ntumba-Mulumba
- Prosthodontics and Orthodontics Service, Department of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Michel C Brecx
- Department of Periodontology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
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28
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Sczepanik FSC, Grossi ML, Casati M, Goldberg M, Glogauer M, Fine N, Tenenbaum HC. Periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of oxidative stress: We should treat it that way. Periodontol 2000 2020; 84:45-68. [PMID: 32844417 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 239] [Impact Index Per Article: 59.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis is a highly prevalent disease. As it progresses, it causes serious morbidity in the form of periodontal abscesses and tooth loss and, in the latter stages, pain. It is also now known that periodontitis is strongly associated with several nonoral diseases. Thus, patients with periodontitis are at greater risk for the development and/or exacerbation of diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and cardiovascular diseases, among other conditions. Although it is without question that specific groups of oral bacteria which populate dental plaque play a causative role in the development of periodontitis, it is now thought that once this disease has been triggered, other factors play an equal, and possibly more important, role in its progression, particularly in severe cases or in cases that prove difficult to treat. In this regard, we allude to the host response, specifically the notion that the host, once infected with oral periodontal pathogenic bacteria, will mount a defense response mediated largely through the innate immune system. The most abundant cell type of the innate immune system - polymorphonuclear neutrophils - can, when protecting the host from microbial invasion, mount a response that includes upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases, and reactive oxygen species, all of which then contribute to the tissue damage and loss of teeth commonly associated with periodontitis. Of the mechanisms referred to here, we suggest that upregulation of reactive oxygen species might play one of the most important roles in the establishment and progression of periodontitis (as well as in other diseases of inflammation) through the development of oxidative stress. In this overview, we discuss both innate and epigenetic factors (eg, diabetes, smoking) that lead to the development of oxidative stress. This oxidative stress then provides an environment conducive to the destructive processes observed in periodontitis. Therefore, we shall describe some of the fundamental characteristics of oxidative stress and its effects on the periodontium, discuss the diseases and other factors that cause oxidative stress, and, finally, review potentially novel therapeutic approaches for the management (and possibly even the reversal) of periodontitis, which rely on the use of therapies, such as resveratrol and other antioxidants, that provide increased antioxidant activity in the host.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Márcio Lima Grossi
- School of Health Sciences, Dentistry, Post-Graduate Program in Dentistry, Prosthodontics, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Márcio Casati
- Dental Research Division, School of Dentistry, Paulista University (UNIP), Sao Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Michael Goldberg
- Discipline of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Dentistry, Centre for Advanced Dental Research and Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Division of Periodontology, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Michael Glogauer
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Dentistry, Centre for Advanced Dental Research and Care, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Noah Fine
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Centre for Advanced Dental Research and Care, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Howard C Tenenbaum
- Department of Dentistry, Mount Sinai Hospital, Thodupuzha, India.,Faculty of Dentistry, Centre for Advanced Dental Research and Care, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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29
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Hajishengallis G, Chavakis T, Lambris JD. Current understanding of periodontal disease pathogenesis and targets for host-modulation therapy. Periodontol 2000 2020; 84:14-34. [PMID: 32844416 DOI: 10.1111/prd.12331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances indicate that periodontitis is driven by reciprocally reinforced interactions between a dysbiotic microbiome and dysregulated inflammation. Inflammation is not only a consequence of dysbiosis but, via mediating tissue dysfunction and damage, fuels further growth of selectively dysbiotic communities of bacteria (inflammophiles), thereby generating a self-sustained feed-forward loop that perpetuates the disease. These considerations provide a strong rationale for developing adjunctive host-modulation therapies for the treatment of periodontitis. Such host-modulation approaches aim to inhibit harmful inflammation and promote its resolution or to interfere directly with downstream effectors of connective tissue and bone destruction. This paper reviews diverse strategies targeted to modulate the host periodontal response and discusses their mechanisms of action, perceived safety, and potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Hajishengallis
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, Penn Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Triantafyllos Chavakis
- Department of Clinical Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - John D Lambris
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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30
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Muñoz Aguilera E, Suvan J, Buti J, Czesnikiewicz-Guzik M, Barbosa Ribeiro A, Orlandi M, Guzik TJ, Hingorani AD, Nart J, D'Aiuto F. Periodontitis is associated with hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cardiovasc Res 2020; 116:28-39. [PMID: 31549149 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvz201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests a link between periodontitis (PD) and hypertension, but the nature of this association remains unclear. The overall aim of this review was to critically appraise the evidence linking these two common disorders. Systematic search was conducted for studies published up to December 2018. Prevalence of hypertension in patients with PD (moderate/severe groups) vs. those without PD (non-PD) was the primary outcome. Additional outcomes included adjusted mean difference in systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure (BP) levels in PD vs. non-PD, assessment of biomarkers in PD and hypertension, and BP changes after periodontal therapy. From 81 studies selected, 40 were included in quantitative meta-analyses. Diagnoses of moderate-severe PD [odds ratio (OR) = 1.22; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10-1.35] and severe PD (OR = 1.49; 95% CI: 1.09-2.05) were associated with hypertension. Prospective studies confirmed PD diagnosis increased likelihood of hypertension occurrence (OR = 1.68; 95% CI: 0.85-3.35). Patients with PD exhibited higher mean SBP [weighted mean difference (WMD) of 4.49 mmHg; 95% CI: 2.88-6.11] and DBP (2.03 mmHg; 95% CI: 1.25-2.81) when compared with non-PD. Lastly, only 5 out of 12 interventional studies confirmed a reduction in BP following periodontal therapy, ranging from 3 to 12.5 mmHg of SBP and from 0 to 10 mmHg of DBP. PD is associated with increased odds of hypertension (SORT C) and higher SBP/DBP levels. The evidence suggesting that PD therapy could reduce BP is inconclusive. Although additional research is warranted on this association, these results suggest that oral health assessment and management of PD could not only improve oral/overall health and quality of life but also be of relevance in the management of patients with hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Muñoz Aguilera
- Periodontology Unit, University College London Eastman Dental Institute, London WC1X 8LD, UK.,Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalonia, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona 08195, Spain
| | - Jean Suvan
- Periodontology Unit, University College London Eastman Dental Institute, London WC1X 8LD, UK
| | - Jacopo Buti
- Periodontology Unit, University College London Eastman Dental Institute, London WC1X 8LD, UK
| | - Marta Czesnikiewicz-Guzik
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Sciences Research Group, University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.,Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.,Department of Experimental Dentistry and Dental Prophylaxis, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.,Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aline Barbosa Ribeiro
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Sciences Research Group, University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.,Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.,Department of Physiology, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marco Orlandi
- Periodontology Unit, University College London Eastman Dental Institute, London WC1X 8LD, UK
| | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Sciences Research Group, University of Glasgow Dental School, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.,Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.,Department of Experimental Dentistry and Dental Prophylaxis, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.,Department of Internal and Agricultural Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Aroon D Hingorani
- Genetic Epidemiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, Faculty of Population Health Sciences, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Jose Nart
- Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitat Internacional de Catalonia, Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona 08195, Spain
| | - Francesco D'Aiuto
- Periodontology Unit, University College London Eastman Dental Institute, London WC1X 8LD, UK
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31
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Nagai K, Ideguchi H, Kajikawa T, Li X, Chavakis T, Cheng J, Messersmith PB, Heber-Katz E, Hajishengallis G. An injectable hydrogel-formulated inhibitor of prolyl-4-hydroxylase promotes T regulatory cell recruitment and enhances alveolar bone regeneration during resolution of experimental periodontitis. FASEB J 2020; 34:13726-13740. [PMID: 32812255 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001248r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) is critically involved in tissue regeneration. Hence, the pharmacological prevention of HIF-1α degradation by prolyl hydroxylase (PHD) under normoxic conditions is emerging as a promising option in regenerative medicine. Using a mouse model of ligature-induced periodontitis and resolution, we tested the ability of an injectable hydrogel-formulated PHD inhibitor, 1,4-dihydrophenonthrolin-4-one-3-carboxylic acid (1,4-DPCA/hydrogel), to promote regeneration of alveolar bone lost owing to experimental periodontitis. Mice injected subcutaneously with 1,4-DPCA/hydrogel at the onset of periodontitis resolution displayed significantly increased gingival HIF-1α protein levels and bone regeneration, as compared to mice treated with vehicle control. The 1,4-DPCA/hydrogel-induced increase in bone regeneration was associated with elevated expression of osteogenic genes, decreased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes, and increased abundance of FOXP3+ T regulatory (Treg) cells in the periodontal tissue. The enhancing effect of 1,4-DPCA/hydrogel on Treg cell accumulation and bone regeneration was reversed by AMD3100, an antagonist of the chemokine receptor CXCR4 that mediates Treg cell recruitment. In conclusion, the administration of 1,4-DPCA/hydrogel at the onset of periodontitis resolution promotes CXCR4-dependent accumulation of Treg cells and alveolar bone regeneration, suggesting a novel approach for regaining bone lost due to periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Nagai
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Inflammation, Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hidetaka Ideguchi
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Inflammation, Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Pathophysiology - Periodontal Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Kajikawa
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Inflammation, Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xiaofei Li
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Inflammation, Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Triantafyllos Chavakis
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jing Cheng
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Formulation Group in R&D, Alcon, Duluth, GA, USA
| | - Phillip B Messersmith
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ellen Heber-Katz
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Lankenau Institute for Medical Research, Wynnewood, PA, USA
| | - George Hajishengallis
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Inflammation, Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Stolte KN, Pelz C, Yapto CV, Raguse JD, Dommisch H, Danker K. IL-1β strengthens the physical barrier in gingival epithelial cells. Tissue Barriers 2020; 8:1804249. [PMID: 32835592 DOI: 10.1080/21688370.2020.1804249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontitis is one of the most common oral diseases worldwide and is caused by a variety of interactions between oral bacteria and the host. Here, pathogens induce inflammatory host responses that cause the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 by oral epithelial cells. In various systems, it has been shown that inflammation compromises physical barriers, which enables bacteria to invade the tissue. In this study, we investigated the barrier properties of the oral mucosa under physiological and inflamed conditions. For this purpose, we assessed the influence of IL-1β on the transepithelial electrical resistance and in particular on tight junctions in vitro in human stratified squamous epithelium models. Indirect immunofluorescence and western blot analyses were performed to investigate localization and expression of tight junction proteins in primary gingival cells, immortalized gingival cells and native gingiva. Furthermore, the TEER of gingival keratinocytes was assessed. The results showed that IL-1β led to strengthening of the gingival keratinocyte barrier. This was demonstrated by an increase in TEER, the upregulation of TJ proteins, and an increase in the formation of TJ strands. The IL-1β-mediated upregulation of occludin was prevented by the NF-κB inhibitor BAY 11-7085. These observations provide insights into host responses in the early stages of periodontal disease and offer information about TJ formation in human gingival epithelial cells under physiological and inflammatory conditions. Comprehensive knowledge of the physical barrier during inflammation may help in developing strategies to effectively target the inflammatory barrier to improve the bioavailability of drugs for the treatment of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Natalie Stolte
- Charitá - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health.,Institute for Biochemistry , Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Pelz
- Charitá - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health.,Institute for Biochemistry , Berlin, Germany
| | - Cynthia V Yapto
- Charitá - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health.,Institute for Biochemistry , Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan-Dirk Raguse
- Charitá - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Berlin, Germany
| | - Henrik Dommisch
- Charitá - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health.,Department of Periodontology and Synoptic Dentistry, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Periodontics, University of Washington , Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kerstin Danker
- Charitá - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health.,Institute for Biochemistry , Berlin, Germany
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Digital versus Conventional Impression Taking Focusing on Interdental Areas: A Clinical Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17134725. [PMID: 32630132 PMCID: PMC7370147 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17134725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Due to the high prevalence of periodontitis, dentists have to face a larger group of patients with periodontally compromised dentitions (PCDs) characterized by pathologic tooth migration and malocclusion. Impression taking in these patients is challenging due to several undercuts and extensive interdental areas (IAs). The aim of this clinical trial was to analyze the ability of analog and digital impression techniques to display the IAs in PCDs. The upper and the lower jaws of 30 patients (n = 60, age: 48-87 years) were investigated with one conventional impression (CVI) using polyvinyl siloxane and four digital impressions with intraoral scanners (IOSs), namely True Definition (TRU), Primescan (PRI), CS 3600 (CAR), and TRIOS 3 (TIO). The gypsum models of the CVIs were digitalized using a laboratory scanner. Subsequently, the percentage of the displayed IAs in relation to the absolute IAs was calculated for the five impression techniques in a three-dimensional measuring software. Significant differences were observed among the impression techniques (except between PRI and CAR, p-value < 0.05). TRU displayed the highest percentage of IAs, followed by PRI, CAR, TIO, and CVI. The results indicated that the IOSs are superior to CVI regarding the ability to display the IAs in PCDs.
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34
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Analysis of the Relation between Periodontitis and Chronic Gastritis/Peptic Ulcer: A Cross-Sectional Study Using KoGES HEXA Data. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17124387. [PMID: 32570864 PMCID: PMC7344436 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17124387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the association between periodontitis and chronic gastritis/peptic ulcer using a cross-sectional study design. The present prospective cohort study used epidemiological data from the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES) recorded from 2004 to 2016. Among 173,209 participants, 9983 with periodontitis and 125,336 with no periodontitis were selected. Histories of chronic gastritis and peptic ulcer between periodontitis and no periodontitis participants were analyzed. The participants were questioned around any history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, cerebral stroke, ischemic heart disease, periodontitis, body mass index, smoking, alcohol consumption, nutritional intake, and financial income. Chi-square tests, independent t-tests, two-tailed analyses were used in statistical analysis of the data. The adjusted odds ratio of chronic gastritis was 2.22 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.10–2.34, p < 0.001) and that of peptic ulcer was 1.86 (95% CI = 1.74–1.98, p < 0.001) in model 2. This study demonstrated that periodontitis was associated with an increased risk of chronic gastritis/peptic ulcer. These findings provide additional evidence for an association between periodontitis and chronic gastritis/peptic ulcer.
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Alshareef A, Attia A, Almalki M, Alsharif F, Melibari A, Mirdad B, Azab E, Youssef AR, Dardir A. Effectiveness of Probiotic Lozenges in Periodontal Management of Chronic Periodontitis Patients: Clinical and Immunological Study. Eur J Dent 2020; 14:281-287. [PMID: 32438428 PMCID: PMC7274828 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1709924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The main purpose of this article was to evaluate the effect of probiotics used as an adjunctive to scaling and root planing (SRP) on the periodontal parameters and matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8) levels in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of chronic periodontitis patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 25 chronic periodontitis patients who completed the treatment course of 40 subjects, aged 25 to 58 years, participated in this study. They were categorized into two groups: the first group was treated by SRP while the second group was treated by SRP and probiotic lozenges twice a day for 30 days. All patients were evaluated clinically by measuring the plaque index, bleeding index (BI), pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, and immunologically by assaying GCF/MMP-8 at baseline and 30 days after periodontal management. RESULTS There was a significant improvement in periodontal parameters after SRP treatment with and without probiotic lozenges in both groups. However, there was a significant decrease in the BI (p = 0.05) in SRP and probiotic lozenges group after 30 days compared with SRP alone. In addition, there was a significant decrease in GCF/MMP-8 levels after 30 days in patients managed by SRP only (p = 0.017) compared with the baseline in both groups, whereas a highly significant decrease in patients treated by SRP and probiotics (p = 0.001). CONCLUSION The current study suggested that the probiotics might have a beneficial effect on clinical and immunological outcomes in the management of chronic periodontitis patients. Further research is needed on a large-scale population and for a long recall time to confirm the response to probiotics as an adjunctive to SRP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Alshareef
- Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa Attia
- Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Azhar University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Almalki
- Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faisal Alsharif
- Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Melibari
- Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bassel Mirdad
- Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ehab Azab
- Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdel-Rahman Youssef
- Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Dardir
- Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.,Faculty of Dentistry, Al-Ahram Canadian University, Giza Governorate, Egypt
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Gao W, Tang H, Wang D, Zhou X, Song Y, Wang Z. Effect of short‐term vitamin D supplementation after nonsurgical periodontal treatment: A randomized, double‐masked, placebo‐controlled clinical trial. J Periodontal Res 2020; 55:354-362. [PMID: 31960448 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weimin Gao
- Department of Stomatology Beijing Chao‐yang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Huilin Tang
- Department of Epidemiology Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health Indiana University Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Danyang Wang
- Department of Stomatology Beijing Chao‐yang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Xuan Zhou
- Department of Stomatology Beijing Chao‐yang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Yiqing Song
- Department of Epidemiology Richard M. Fairbanks School of Public Health Indiana University Indianapolis IN USA
| | - Zuomin Wang
- Department of Stomatology Beijing Chao‐yang Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing China
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Gawron K, Wojtowicz W, Łazarz-Bartyzel K, Łamasz A, Qasem B, Mydel P, Chomyszyn-Gajewska M, Potempa J, Mlynarz P. Metabolomic Status of The Oral Cavity in Chronic Periodontitis. In Vivo 2019; 33:1165-1174. [PMID: 31280206 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.11587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Chronic periodontitis is an inflammatory disease of tooth-supporting tissues associated with Porphyromonas gingivalis. Expansion and invasion of this bacterium into the periodontium is associated with changes in the metabolome of the oral cavity. MATERIALS AND METHODS Metabolomics analysis of mouth washout and tongue swab samples based on proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) method was employed to determine metabolic status of the oral cavity in chronic periodontal disease. RESULTS Mouth washout extracts contained a total of 23 metabolites and tongue swab extracts contained 17. Identified metabolites partially overlap with the content of saliva and gingival crevicular fluid. The colonization of the oral cavity of patients with periodontitis by bacteria was manifested in the change in levels of eight metabolites. CONCLUSION NMR-based metabolomics analysis is a potentially useful methodological approach for monitoring the pathological processes observed in the oral cavity in the course of periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Gawron
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Wojciech Wojtowicz
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Łazarz-Bartyzel
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agata Łamasz
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Badr Qasem
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Mydel
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.,Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Maria Chomyszyn-Gajewska
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University, Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jan Potempa
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.,Department of Oral Immunology and Infectious Diseases, School of Dentistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, U.S.A
| | - Piotr Mlynarz
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
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Kalsi AS, Darbar U. Initial periodontal therapy before referring a patient: an audit. Br Dent J 2019; 227:977-983. [DOI: 10.1038/s41415-019-1048-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ucan Yarkac F, Ogrum A, Gokturk O. Effects of non-surgical periodontal therapy on inflammatory markers of psoriasis: A randomized controlled trial. J Clin Periodontol 2019; 47:193-201. [PMID: 31571243 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of this randomized controlled clinical study was to evaluate the effect of non-surgical mechanical periodontal therapy on the inflammatory status and severity of psoriasis in subjects with psoriasis. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study population consisted of 92 periodontitis patients with psoriasis vulgaris suffering from an untreated periodontal disease. Two randomized groups were formed from these patients: immediate periodontal therapy (test group, n = 46) and delayed periodontal therapy (control group, n = 46). Periodontal clinical measures, on salivary interleukin 2, interleukin 6 and secretory immunoglobulin A levels and the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) scores were evaluated at baseline and on the 8th week in control and test groups. RESULTS Eight weeks after completion of non-surgical periodontal therapy (test group) or initial examination (control group), a significant decrease was observed in interleukin 2, interleukin 6 level and in PASI score, whereas a significant increase was observed in secretory immunoglobulin A levels in the test group (p < .05). CONCLUSION Within the limits of this study, the results suggest that effective periodontal therapy improves the psoriasis condition in patients afflicted by both diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Ucan Yarkac
- Faculty of Dentistry, Periodontology, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Atiye Ogrum
- Faculty of Medicine, Dermatology and Venereology, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Ozge Gokturk
- Faculty of Dentistry, Periodontology, Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University, Bolu, Turkey
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Moghaddas O, Sarkarat F, Zarbakhsh A, Hoseini MM, Bitaraf T. Effect of Ardox-X Active Oxygen-Containing Toothpaste on Periodontal Parameters in Dentate and Implant-Wearing Patients. JOURNAL OF RESEARCH IN DENTAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SCIENCES 2019. [DOI: 10.29252/jrdms.4.4.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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41
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Costa FO, Lages EJP, Lages EMB, Cota LOM. Periodontitis in individuals with liver cirrhosis: A case-control study. J Clin Periodontol 2019; 46:991-998. [PMID: 31336404 DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between liver cirrhosis and periodontitis. METHODS This case-control study included 294 individuals, 98 cases with liver cirrhosis and 196 controls. A full-mouth periodontal examination was performed and plaque index, probing depth, clinical attachment level and bleeding on probing were recorded. The association of risk variables with periodontitis was tested through univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression, stratified by alcohol status. RESULTS A high prevalence of periodontitis was observed among cases (62.2%) when compared to controls (41.8%). Individuals with cirrhosis presented a chance ~2 higher of having periodontitis than controls (OR = 2.28; 95% CI 1.39-3.78; p < .001). Significant variables associated with periodontitis in the final logistic models were as follows: (a) no/occasional alcohol use model-number of teeth up 14, age ≥45-55 years, male sex and smoking; (b) moderate and intensive alcohol use models-cirrhosis, number of teeth up 14, age ≥45-55 years, male sex and smoking. CONCLUSIONS An important risk association between liver cirrhosis and periodontitis was observed. Additionally, the intensive alcohol use significantly increased the risk for periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Oliveira Costa
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Eugênio José Pereira Lages
- Department of Dental Clinics, Oral Pathology, and Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth Maria Bastos Lages
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Luís Otávio Miranda Cota
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Zaffino M, Dubar M, Debourgogne A, Bisson C, Machouart M. Development of a new TaqMan PCR assay for the detection of both Entamoeba gingivalis genotypes. Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 95:114886. [PMID: 31522801 DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2019.114886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Entamoeba gingivalis is a parasitic protozoan found in the mouth of patients suffering from periodontitis, a widespread oral disease with an underestimated prevalence and major consequences on health. We present the development of the first TaqMan PCR assay targeting both E. gingivalis subtypes. This method has been evaluated on 50 samples from patients diagnosed with periodontitis in comparison with 2 different conventional PCRs, and a real-time SYBR Green PCR. Fifty percent of the samples were found positive for the E. gingivalis ST1 subtype with this new PCR, the SYBR Green PCR and one of the conventional PCRs. Among the 25 remaining samples, 12 (24%) were found positive for the E. gingivalis ST2 kamaktlii variant. This new TaqMan PCR could be used before and after periodontitis treatment to follow its efficacy and measure the parasite load in order to better understand the role of these parasites in oral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Zaffino
- Stress, Immunity, Pathogens Laboratory, EA7300 Lorraine University, Faculty of Medicine, 9 Avenue de la forêt de Haye, F-54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Marie Dubar
- Stress, Immunity, Pathogens Laboratory, EA7300 Lorraine University, Faculty of Medicine, 9 Avenue de la forêt de Haye, F-54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Department of Periodontology, Lille University, Place de Verdun, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Anne Debourgogne
- Stress, Immunity, Pathogens Laboratory, EA7300 Lorraine University, Faculty of Medicine, 9 Avenue de la forêt de Haye, F-54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Parasitology-Mycology Laboratory, CHU Nancy-Brabois, 11 allée du Morvan, 54511 Vandoeuvre-les -Nancy, France
| | - Catherine Bisson
- Stress, Immunity, Pathogens Laboratory, EA7300 Lorraine University, Faculty of Medicine, 9 Avenue de la forêt de Haye, F-54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Department of Periodontology, Lorraine University, Rue du Dr Heydenreich, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Marie Machouart
- Stress, Immunity, Pathogens Laboratory, EA7300 Lorraine University, Faculty of Medicine, 9 Avenue de la forêt de Haye, F-54500 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France; Parasitology-Mycology Laboratory, CHU Nancy-Brabois, 11 allée du Morvan, 54511 Vandoeuvre-les -Nancy, France.
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Taiete T, Casati MZ, Martins L, Andia DC, Mofatto LS, Coletta RD, Monteiro MF, Araújo CF, Santamaria MP, Corrêa MG, Sallum EA, Nociti FH, Casarin RC. Novel rare frameshift variation in aggressive periodontitis: Exomic and familial-screening analysis. J Periodontol 2019; 91:263-273. [PMID: 31373687 DOI: 10.1002/jper.19-0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aggressive periodontitis (AgP), currently periodontitis grade C, presents early onset, rapid progression, and a poorly established genetic association. Thus, this study aimed to identify genetic variants associated with AgP via whole exome sequencing (WES) through a familial screening approach. METHODS WES was performed in two nuclear families, including a proband and a parent affected by AgP and an unaffected parent and sibling. Common variants among affected individuals, excluding those common to healthy people, from each family, composed the data set associated with AgP. In silico analysis evaluated the impact of each variant on protein structure and protein-protein interactions. Moreover, identified deleterious variants were validated in a populational analysis (n = 96). RESULTS The missense single nucleotide variations (SNVs) rs142548867 in EEFSEC (c.668C>T), rs574301770 in ZNF136 (c.466C>G), and rs72821893 in KRT25 (c.800G>A) and the frameshift indels rs37146475 in GPRC6A (c.2323-2324insT) and c.1366_1372insGGAGCAG in ELN were identified in AgP and have a predicted functional impact on proteins. In silico analysis indicated that the indel in GPRC6A generates a loss of the C-terminal tail of the Gprca protein. Furthermore, this SNV was significantly associated with AgP in a population-based investigation. CONCLUSION Novel frameshift variation in GPRC6A (c.2323-2324insT) was identified as a potential genetic alteration associated with AgP occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Taiete
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.,Department of Dentistry, University of Araras, Araras, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcio Z Casati
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.,Department of Periodontics, Paulista University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciane Martins
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Denise C Andia
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.,Dental Research Division, School of Dentistry, Paulista University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana S Mofatto
- Department of Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, Genomic and Expression Laboratory, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ricardo D Coletta
- Department of Oral Diagnosis, School of Dentistry, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Mabelle F Monteiro
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Cássia F Araújo
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Mauro P Santamaria
- Department of Diagnosis and Surgery, School of Dentistry, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Mônica G Corrêa
- Dental Research Division, School of Dentistry, Paulista University, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Enilson A Sallum
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Francisco H Nociti
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Renato C Casarin
- Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontics, Periodontics Division, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil
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Bunte K, Beikler T. Th17 Cells and the IL-23/IL-17 Axis in the Pathogenesis of Periodontitis and Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20143394. [PMID: 31295952 PMCID: PMC6679067 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20143394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity represents the semi-specific first line of defense and provides the initial host response to tissue injury, trauma, and pathogens. Innate immunity activates the adaptive immunity, and both act highly regulated together to establish and maintain tissue homeostasis. Any dysregulation of this interaction can result in chronic inflammation and autoimmunity and is thought to be a major underlying cause in the initiation and progression of highly prevalent immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) such as psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, inflammatory bowel diseases among others, and periodontitis. Th1 and Th2 cells of the adaptive immune system are the major players in the pathogenesis of IMIDs. In addition, Th17 cells, their key cytokine IL-17, and IL-23 seem to play pivotal roles. This review aims to provide an overview of the current knowledge about the differentiation of Th17 cells and the role of the IL-17/IL-23 axis in the pathogenesis of IMIDs. Moreover, it aims to review the association of these IMIDs with periodontitis and briefly discusses the therapeutic potential of agents that modulate the IL-17/IL-23 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kübra Bunte
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Beikler
- Department of Periodontics, Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246 Hamburg, Germany.
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Zasčiurinskienė E, Lund H, Lindsten R, Jansson H, Bjerklin K. Outcome of periodontal–orthodontic treatment in subjects with periodontal disease. Part II: a CBCT study of alveolar bone level changes. Eur J Orthod 2019; 41:565-574. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjz039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Aim
To examine alveolar bone level (ABL) changes before (T1) and after (T2) orthodontic treatment (OT) in subjects with periodontal disease.
Methods
The study included 50 subjects with periodontal disease. All patients received subgingival debridement following baseline examination. Control group patients received final periodontal treatment before the start of OT. For the test group patients final periodontal treatment was performed simultaneous to OT. OT was performed with a straight-wire appliance. Micro-implants or temporary crowns on implants were used for posterior anchorage when needed. ABL measurements of 3821 tooth surfaces were performed on cone beam computed tomography images.
Results
No difference was observed between mean ABL at T1 and T2. ABL remained unchanged on 69 per cent of surfaces. A mean of 15.6 (SD 7.4) per cent of surfaces experienced ABL gain, and a mean of 15.1 (SD 7.5) per cent was found with ABL loss. Small significant median ABL difference was observed on mesial and distal surfaces (P < 0.001). A significant difference was found between median ABL changes on mesial/distal in comparison to buccal/lingual surfaces (P < 0.01). Significantly more buccal (17.9 %) and lingual (18.5 %) surfaces experienced ABL loss when compared with mesial (11.3 %) and distal (12.0 %) surfaces (P < 0.001). Significant difference was found in the median ABL change of intruded (0.5 (IQR 0.94) mm) and non-intruded (−0.4 (IQR 1.07) mm) maxillary incisors (P = 0.04). Significant median ABL gain was found on the lingual surface of maxillary incisors, which were retroclined more than 8.6 degree and intruded more than 1.6 mm.
Conclusions
ABL changes after periodontal–orthodontic treatment in patients with periodontal disease were small. ABL gain was more observed on mesial and distal surfaces and ABL loss on buccal and lingual surfaces. Larger orthodontic movements of maxillary incisors influenced ABL gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eglė Zasčiurinskienė
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Center for Oral Health, Jönköping University, Sweden
| | - Henrik Lund
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Odontology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rune Lindsten
- Center for Oral Health, Jönköping University, Sweden
- Departments of Orthodontics, Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Henrik Jansson
- Center for Oral Health, Jönköping University, Sweden
- Periodontology, Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Krister Bjerklin
- Departments of Orthodontics, Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden
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Gaál Kovalčíková A, Pančíková A, Konečná B, Klamárová T, Novák B, Kovaľová E, Podracká Ľ, Celec P, Tóthová Ľ. Urea and creatinine levels in saliva of patients with and without periodontitis. Eur J Oral Sci 2019; 127:417-424. [PMID: 31247131 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Despite the fact that saliva contains measurable concentrations of urea and creatinine, it is not widely used in clinical nephrology. One of the reasons is the high inter- and intra-individual variability in the salivary markers of kidney function. We hypothesized that gingival bleeding in patients with periodontitis could contribute to this variability by increasing the concentration of salivary urea or creatinine. Samples were collected from 25 patients with periodontitis and 29 healthy controls. In addition, saliva samples from five healthy volunteers were artificially contaminated with blood. The concentration of urea, but not that of creatinine, was more than twice as high in patients with periodontitis than in controls. Artificial contamination of saliva with blood did not affect the salivary concentration of creatinine. Salivary urea increased only with very high levels of contamination (≥2.5% blood in saliva), but that did not occur in patients. In conclusion, periodontitis increases the concentration of salivary urea, but this is not likely to be a result of contamination with blood. Future studies should investigate the composition of the oral microbiome, specifically regarding how it affects the concentration of salivary urea. Salivary creatinine seems to be a more robust non-invasive marker of renal functions than salivary urea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Gaál Kovalčíková
- Department of Paediatrics, National Institute of Children's Diseases and Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Barbora Konečná
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Tatiana Klamárová
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Faculty of Health Care, Prešov University, Prešov, Slovakia
| | - Bohuslav Novák
- Department of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Eva Kovaľová
- Department of Dental Hygiene, Faculty of Health Care, Prešov University, Prešov, Slovakia
| | - Ľudmila Podracká
- Department of Paediatrics, National Institute of Children's Diseases and Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Peter Celec
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ľubomíra Tóthová
- Institute of Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
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47
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Tegelberg P, Tervonen T, Knuuttila M, Jokelainen J, Keinänen‐Kiukaanniemi S, Auvinen J, Ylöstalo P. Long‐term metabolic syndrome is associated with periodontal pockets and alveolar bone loss. J Clin Periodontol 2019; 46:799-808. [DOI: 10.1111/jcpe.13154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Tegelberg
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Tellervo Tervonen
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Matti Knuuttila
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Oulu University Hospital Oulu Finland
| | - Jari Jokelainen
- Center for Life Course Epidemiology and Systems Medicine University of Oulu and Unit of Primary Care Oulu Finland
- Medical Research Center Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Sirkka Keinänen‐Kiukaanniemi
- Medical Research Center Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Healthcare and Social Services of Selänne Pyhäjärvi Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Life Course Health Research, Health Center of Oulu University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Juha Auvinen
- Medical Research Center Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, Center for Life Course Health Research, Health Center of Oulu University of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Oulunkaari Health Center Ii Finland
| | - Pekka Ylöstalo
- Research Unit of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine University of Oulu Oulu Finland
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Oulu University Hospital Oulu Finland
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48
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Zasčiurinskienė E, Lund H, Lindsten R, Jansson H, Bjerklin K. Outcome of orthodontic treatment in subjects with periodontal disease. Part III: a CBCT study of external apical root resorption. Eur J Orthod 2019; 41:575-582. [DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjz040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Background
No evidence is present on the risk for external apical root resorption (EARR) during orthodontic treatment (OT) of adult patients with periodontal disease.
Aim
To examine EARR after OT in subjects with periodontal disease and to analyse how intrusion and change in inclination of the most proclined maxillary incisors influence EARR.
Methods
The study included 50 patients with periodontal disease. Sub-gingival debridement by ultrasonic instrumentation supplemented with hand instruments was performed by experienced dental hygienist after baseline examination for all patients. For the control group, final periodontal treatment (PT) was performed before orthodontic tooth movement. For the test group patients, final PT was performed after levelling and alignment phases were finished, before the active space closure with elastic chain and/or inter-arch elastic traction for sagittal correction was started. OT was performed with a straight-wire appliance. Micro-implants or implants were used for posterior anchorage. Cone beam computed tomography examinations were performed before and after OT. EARR of all single-rooted teeth were measured. EARR of the most proclined maxillary incisor was related to intrusion and change in inclination angle.
Results
EARR after OT was observed in median 80.7 per cent (interquartile range 22.02) of single-rooted teeth [mean 1.2 (standard deviation 0.44) mm]. In 82.3 per cent of teeth, EARR was 2 mm or less. Severe EARR was found in 8 per cent of patients and five maxillary incisors (less than 1 per cent of all teeth). The amount of intrusion and change in inclination angle of the most proclined maxillary central incisor influenced the extent of EARR. Mean EARR was significantly higher when OT lasted more than 18 months (P = 0.02).
Conclusions
OT in conjunction with PT in periodontal patients resulted in EARR in 81 per cent of all single-rooted teeth. Intrusion and change in inclination angle of the most proclined maxillary central incisor influenced the extent of EARR, as did longer OT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eglė Zasčiurinskienė
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Medical Academy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Kaunas, Lithuania
- Center for Oral Health, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Henrik Lund
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Institute of Odontology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Rune Lindsten
- Center for Oral Health, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Henrik Jansson
- Center for Oral Health, Jönköping University, Jönköping, Sweden
- Department of Periodontology, Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden
| | - Krister Bjerklin
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute for Postgraduate Dental Education, Jönköping, Sweden
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49
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Tong H, Wei Z, Yin J, Zhang B, Zhang T, Deng C, Huang Y, Zhang N. Genetic susceptibility of common polymorphisms in NIN and SIGLEC5 to chronic periodontitis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2088. [PMID: 30765789 PMCID: PMC6376118 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38632-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic periodontitis (CP) is a common oral disease characterized by the slow progression of alveolar attachment loss and bone destruction. Genetic components have been reported to play an important role in the onset and development of CP. In the present study, we aimed to replicate the association signals of NIN and SIGLEC5 identified in previous genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of samples from Chinese Han individuals. Association signals between clinical severity indicators of CP and relevant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were also examined. A total of 3,160 study subjects, including 1,076 CP patients and 2,084 healthy controls, were recruited. A total of 32 SNPs, including 22 from NIN and 10 from SIGLEC5, were selected for genotyping. SNPs rs12883458 (OR = 1.45, P = 1.22 × 10-5, NIN) and rs4284742 (OR = 0.75, P = 1.69 × 10-5, SIGLEC5) were significantly associated with CP disease status. rs4284742 was significantly associated with all 3 clinical severity indicators, including bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment loss (CAL). According to evidence from bioinformatics analyses, both significant SNPs, rs12883458 and rs4284742, are likely surrogates of underlying variants with true effects. In summary, our findings provide direct evidence for the association of NIN and SIGLEC5 with CP susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Tong
- Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhuliang Wei
- Department of Stomatology, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Yin
- Department of Stomatology, Jinan Stomatological Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianxiao Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chunni Deng
- Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yali Huang
- Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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50
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Varela‐Centelles P, Diz‐Iglesias P, Estany‐Gestal A, Blanco‐Hortas A, Bugarín‐González R, Seoane‐Romero JM, Blanco J. Periodontal awareness and what it actually means: A cross‐sectional study. Oral Dis 2019; 25:831-838. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.13026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Varela‐Centelles
- Primary Care Clinics, Galician Health Service EOXI Lugo, Cervo e Monforte Lugo Spain
- Department of Surgery and Medical‐Surgical Specialities, School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Pedro Diz‐Iglesias
- Department of Surgery and Medical‐Surgical Specialities, School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Ana Estany‐Gestal
- Epidemiology, Statistics and Research Methodology Unit, Santiago de Compostela Institute for Research Foundation (FIDIS)Santiago de Compostela and Lugo University Hospitals Lugo Spain
| | - Andrés Blanco‐Hortas
- Epidemiology, Statistics and Research Methodology Unit, Santiago de Compostela Institute for Research Foundation (FIDIS)Santiago de Compostela and Lugo University Hospitals Lugo Spain
| | | | - Juan M. Seoane‐Romero
- Department of Surgery and Medical‐Surgical Specialities, School of Medicine and Health Sciences University of Oviedo Oviedo Spain
| | - Juan Blanco
- Department of Surgery and Medical‐Surgical Specialities, School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela Spain
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